研究生英语第一单元课文翻译

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完整word版,专硕英语第一单元课文译文

uwhat's the big idea?1.Nokia sponsors a wide range of educational,cultural and other activities.one of the most unusual activities was the sponsoring of "Future Histories",a collection of stories by prominent writer of science fiction. Why should a telecommunications company become involved with literature? It could be called"research".你这是什么意思?(你想干什么？)1。

诺基亚赞助商范围广泛的教育、文化和其他活动。

其中一个最不寻常的活动是赞助的“未来的历史”,是从一位著名的科幻小说家的小说里收集的故事。

为什么一个电信公司能让文学参与进来? 它可以被称为“研究”。

2.science and literature have traditionally been hostile to each other.Writers have regarded scientists as dull creatures who take pleasure in destroying great works of the imagination with boring facts.Scientists have thought of writers as frivolous people with on respect for the rules of evidence.At the heart of their mutual suspicion is the question of who owns the truth.Does something become real when it is imagined or when it is physically created?2。

研究生英语1—9单元课文+翻译

Unit 1Ghosts for Tea' Ten pence for a view over the bay' . said the old man with the telescope.'Lovely clear morning. Have a look at the old lighthouse and the remains of the great shipwreck of 1935.'Ten pence was sheer robbery, but the view was certainly magnificent.Cliffs stretched into the distance, sparkling waves whipped by the wind were unrolling on to the beach,and a few yachts,with creamy-white sails, were curving and dodging gracefully on the sea . Just below,a flock of seagulls were screaming at one another as they twisted and glided over the water. A mile out to sea, the old lighthouse stood on a stone platform on the rocks, which were being greedily licked by the waves. In no way indeed did I grudge my money. As I directed the telescope towards the lighthouse, the man beside me tapped my wrist.' Have you heard about the terrible tragedy that occurred there in that lighthouse?' he asked in a hushed whisper.'I imagine there may be plenty of legends attached to such a dramatic-looking place' , I suggested.'It's no legend' , declared the old man. 'My father knew the two men involved.lt all took place fifty years ago to-day. Let me tell you.His voice seemed to grow deeper and more dramatic.'For a whole week that lighthouse had been isolated by storms' , he began, 'with terrifying seas surging and crashing over the rocks. People on shore were anxious about the two men working there. They'd been on the best of terms until two or three weeks before, when they had quarrelled over cards in the village inn. Martin had accused Blake of cheating. Blake had vowed to avenge the insult to his honour. But thanks to the wise advice of a man they both respected, they apologised to each other, and soon seemed to have got over their disagreement. But some slight resentment and bitterness remained. and it was feared that the strain of continued isolation and rough weather might affect their nerves, though, needless to say, their friends had no idea how serious the consequences would be.'Fifty years ago to-night,no light appeared in the tower, and only at two o'clock in the morning did the beam suddenly start to flash out its warning again.'The next morning the light was still visible. The storm had almost blown itself out, so a relief boat set out to investigate. A grim discovery awaited the crew . The men's living-room was in a horrifying state. The table was over-turned: a pack of playing cards was scattered everywhere: bloodstains splashed the floor. The relief men climbed the winding stair to the lantern room and there discoveredMartin's body, crouched beside the burning lamp. He had been stabbed and was dead. Two days later, Blake's body was washed up. scratched, bruised, and terribly injured.' Only then could we really start guessing what had happened. This great tragedy could only have been due to a renewal of their quarrel. Bored and depressed as a result of their isolation, Martin and Blake must have started to play cards. Again suspecting cheating, Martin had accused his former friend of dishonesty; a fight had broken out and Blake had seized his knife. In a fit of madness he had attacked his companion, who had fallen mortally wounded. Then, appalled by what he had done, the loneliness, the battering of wind and waves, Blake had rushed to the parapet and flung himself on to the rocks below, where the sea had claimed him.'But Martin was still alive. Hours later, after darkness had fallen, he had recovered consciousness. He remembered his job of lighting the lamp; suffering intense pain, the poor wretch crawled slowly up the winding staircase, dragging himself from step to step till he got to the lantern. At his last ' gasp he managed to light this before finally collapsing.'For years afterwards it was said that the lighthouse was haunted, and, owing to these stories, they didn't have any applicants for the job of lighthouse-keeper from among the superstitious local inhabitants. And now they say that on every anniversary of that day, especially when the sea is rough, you can stand in the living-room, hear the cards failing and the sound of angry cries, see the flash of a blade,and then glimpse a figure rushing to the parapet. And then you hear the slow dragging of a body from step to step towards the room above.'The old man paused and I turned to go.'By the way' , he added, 'have you any free time this afternoon? If so, why don't you have teain the lighthouse? We are putting on a special boat trip to-day. We're charging a pound. And my brother, who bought the old lighthouse when they built the new one just on the point, can serve very good teas there - included in the price of the boat trip - a bargain, considering the problem of obtaining the food. And if you are at all sensitive to the supernatural, you're likely to have an unusual, perhaps an uncanny experience there.I eyed him appreciatively. 'You're wasting your talents' , I said. 'You should have been a fiction writer. ''You don't believe it? exclaimed the old man indignantly.'I'd find it a job,' I answered. ' My father, Henry Cox, started as keeper of that lighthouse fifty- two years ago, and he and Jim Dowley, now retired on a pension, were in charge for ten years. Come and see my dad one day with that tale; he'd enjoy it' .But the old man had already turned his attention to a more likely client.Google翻译：“10便士比湾景”。

研究生英语综合教程课文翻译+原文

课文原文1-7 Unit 1 The Hidden Side of Happiness1 Hurricanes, house fires, cancer, whitewater rafting accidents, plane crashes, vicious attacks in dark alleyways. Nobody asks for any of it. But to their surprise, many people find that enduring such a harrowing ordeal ultimately changes them for the better.Their refrain might go something like this: "I wish it hadn't happened, but I'm a better person for it."1飓风、房屋失火、癌症、激流漂筏失事、坠机、昏暗小巷遭歹徒袭击，没人想找上这些事儿。

但出人意料的是，很多人发现遭受这样一次痛苦的磨难最终会使他们向好的方面转变。

他们可能都会这样说:“我希望这事没发生，但因为它我变得更完美了。

”2 We love to hear the stories of people who have been transformed by their tribulations, perhaps because they testify to a bona fide type of psychological truth, one that sometimes gets lost amid endless reports of disaster: There seems to be abuilt-in human capacity to flourish under the most difficult circumstances. Positive responses to profoundly disturbing experiences are not limited to the toughest or the bravest.In fact, roughly half the people who struggle with adversity say that their lives subsequently in some ways improved.2我们都爱听人们经历苦难后发生转变的故事，可能是因为这些故事证实了一条真正的心理学上的真理，这条真理有时会湮没在无数关于灾难的报道中:在最困难的境况中，人所具有的一种内在的奋发向上的能力会进发出来。

新思维研究生英语第一单元课文参考译文

Unit 1 Schooling课文（参考）译文Reading 1马文•科林斯的方法在人群中，马文老师总是会显得很醒目：她有着高高的颧骨，瘦而强健，这都遗传自她那乔克托印第安人血统的曾祖母。

马文老师瘦削而不软弱，就算她没有那么高，在人群中时还是一眼就能识别出来——因为她有着特别的镇静及教养，这些都使她有了一种严谨的风格。

马文很少穿宽松衣服，也决不穿宽大的直筒连衣裙或不正式的短衫及裙子。

马文认为宽大的衣服是对自己、对学生、对教师这一职业的不敬。

从开学的第一天起，马文老师总会告诉设法让孩子们懂得：自尊是一个人最可宝贵的东西。

马文的着装总是无可挑剔，这既是为了自己，也是为了学生们：她爱穿开司米羊毛衫、套装以及人字形花呢服装。

她的衣服都剪裁得很合适，时髦而简单，但她常常会加上一个装饰品：在羊毛衫上配上一条雕有花纹的腰带，或一条有圆形浮雕的锁链，或玻璃纱襟花，抑或是一块用狮头胸针别在口袋上的花边手巾。

在马文老师看来，给人留下独特的印象是很重要的。

她欣然于自己的与众不同，但这有时也会引起一些误解，认为这是自大的表现。

开学的第一天，马文老师对学生们说：“我是一名教师，是一个领路人。

这里没有魔法。

科林斯夫人不是奇迹缔造者。

我不能在水上走路。

我只是爱孩子，并且工作得比很多人都要努力，希望你们也能如此。

”马文•科林斯从不让任何孩子有机会使自己成为一个坏老师。

“一些老师坐在大大的桌子后面，就像一座城堡里的国王，而学生们则像是贫困的佃农——这桌子使老师和同学们分离开来。

而我不会坐在教室前那张大大的桌子后面。

我每天都会在教室里来回走动，我每天都会拥抱你们。

”“以前你们害怕走到老师的办公桌前吗？你们是否觉得如果犯了错，有人会嘲笑你们？”马文并没有留给孩子们回答的时间，她明白，大家此刻都在紧跟着她的思路。

“如果我犯了错，请你们告诉我。

如果老师错了，你们不要不敢告诉她。

我不是神，我的嘴也不是祈祷书。

我们将会一起努力。

你们中有多少人原来害怕向老师提问的？”孩子们立刻举起了手。

(完整word版)武汉大学研究生英语课文Unit1、3翻译

Unit 1 跨文化交流中的绊脚石1.为什么我们与来自其他文化的人们的交流总是充满了误会，让人感到沮丧呢？令很多人奇怪的是，即使怀着良好的愿望、使用自己认为是友好的方式，甚至有互利的可能性，也似乎都不足以保证交流的成功.有时候，出现排斥现象正是因为一方所属的文化群体团体是“不同"的。

在这个国际舞台发生重大变化的时刻，探讨为什么尝试交流的结果却令人失望的原因是必要的，这些原因实际上是跨文化交流中的绊脚石。

2.相似性的假设为什么误解或反对会产生呢？这个问题的一个回答就是，大部分的人天真地认为世界上的人有足够的相似之处,可以让我们成功地交流信息或感受，解决共同关注的一些问题，加强商业关系，或者只是产生我们所希望产生的印象。

所有的人都会生儿育女，组成家庭或社会，发展一种语言以及适应他们周围环境的这种倾向特别具有欺骗性,因为它带来了一种期望，这种期望就是这些行为的形式以及围绕这些行为的态度与价值观念将是相似的。

相信“人就是人"和“我们内在本质是相似的"，这让人感到心安理得，但是下定决心去寻找证据却只会令人失望.3.力求证明达尔文关于面部表情是共同的这一理论的跨文化研究给人极大的希望，研究者发现脸部的某些看得见的形状，即因愤怒、恐惧、惊讶、悲伤、厌恶、幸福而紧缩的肌肉组合，我们人类各成员都是一样的。

但是这似乎无济于事,只要我们意识到一个人生长的文化决定了这种情感是否会表露或压抑，决定了在何种场合和多大的程度上会表露或压抑。

带来这种情绪感受的情形也因文化而异，例如:由于崇拜的文化信仰不同，一个心爱的人死亡可能带来欢乐、悲哀或其他情感。

4.因为似乎没有普遍的人性可以作为自动理解的基础，所以我们必须把每次交往当作个别案例来处理,寻求任何共同的认知和交流方法并以此作为出发点.如果我们认识到我们受文化的约束，受文化的改变,那么我们就会接受这一现实：因为各自不同，我们确实不太清楚其他人“是”什么样的。

新视野研究生英语第一单元课文翻译

1.大学课堂：还有人在听吗？Toward the middle of the semester, Fowkes fell ill and missed a class. When he returned, the professor nodded vaguely and, to Fowkes’s astonishment, began to deliver not the next lecture in the sequence but the one after. Had he, in fact, lectured to an empty hall in the absence of his solitary student? Fowkes thought it perfectly possible.在学期中间，Fowkes 因病缺了一次课。

他回到课堂的时候，教授毫无表情地向他点了点头。

接着令Fowkes大吃一惊的是，教授并没有按照顺序讲下一课，而是讲了后面一课。

难道他真的在他唯一的学生缺席的情况下对着空教室讲了一课？Fowkes认为这太有可能了。

Today American colleges and universities (originally modeled on German ones) are under strong attack from many quarters. Teachers, it is charged, are not doing a good job of teaching, and students are not doing a good job of learning. American businesses and industries suffer from unenterprising, uncreative executives educated not to think for themselves but to mouth outdated truisms the rest of the world has long discarded. College graduates lack both basic skills and general culture. Studies are conducted and reports are issued on the status of higher education, but any changes that result either arelargely cosmetic or make a bad situation worse.今天美国的大学（原本是以德国的大学为模型的）受到了各方面的严厉指责。

研究生学位英语课文全文翻译-unit1

Unit1 从能力到责任[全文翻译]1 当代的大学生对他们在社会中所扮演的角色的认识模糊不清。

他们致力于寻求在他们看来似乎是最现实的东西：追求安全保障，追逐物质财富的积累。

年轻人努力想使自己成人成才、有所作为，但他们对未来的认识还是很模糊的。

处于像他们这样前程未定的年龄阶段，他们该信仰什么?大学生一直在寻找真我的所在，寻找生活的意义。

一如芸芸众生的我们，他们也陷入了两难的境地。

一方面，他们崇尚奉献于人的理想主义，而另一方面，他们又经不住自身利益的诱惑，陷入利己主义的世界里欲罢不能。

2 最终而言，大学教育素质的衡量取决于毕业生是否愿意为他们所处的社会和赖以生存的城市作出贡献。

尼布尔曾经写道：“一个人只有意识到对社会所负有的责任，他才能够认识到自身的潜力。

一个人如果一味地以自我为中心，他将会失去自我。

”本科教育必须对这种带有理想主义色彩的观念进行自我深省，使学生超越以自我为中心的观念，以诚相待，服务社会。

在这一个竞争激烈＼残酷的社会，人们期望大学生能报以正直、文明，，甚至富有同情心的人格品质去与人竞争，这是否已是一种奢望?人们期望大学的人文教育会有助于培养学生的人际交往能力，如今是否仍然适合?3毫无疑问，大学生应该履行公民的义务。

美国的教育必须立刻采取行动，使教育理所当然地承担起弥合公共政策与公众的理解程度之间的极具危险性且在日益加深的沟壑这一职责。

那些要求人们积极思考政府的议程并提供富于创意的意见的信息似乎越来越让我们感到事不关己。

所以很多人认为想通过公众的参与来解决复杂的公共问题已不再可能行得通。

设想，怎么可能让一些非专业人士去讨论必然带来相应后果的政府决策的问题，而他们甚至连语言的使用都存在困难?4核能的使用应该扩大还是削弱?水资源能保证充足的供应吗?怎样控制军备竞赛?大气污染的安全标准是多少?甚至连人类的起源与灭绝这样近乎玄乎的问题也会被列入政治议事日程。

5 类似的一头雾水的感觉，公众曾经尝试过。

研究生英语综合教程UNIT1课文及翻译(含汉译英英译汉)PDF版

UNIT11. Recently, one of us had the opportunity to speak with a medical student about a research rotation that the student was planning to do. She would be working with Dr. Z, who had given her the project of writing a paper for which he had designed the protocol, collected the data, and compiled the results. The student was to do a literature search and write the first draft of the manuscript. For this she would become first author on the final publication. When concerns were raised about the proposed project, Dr. Z was shocked. "l thought I was doing her a favor," he said innocently, "and besides, I hate writing!"2. Dr. Z is perhaps a bit naive. Certainly, most researchers would know that the student's work would not merit first authorship. They would know that "gift" authorship is not an acceptable research practice. However, an earlier experience in our work makes us wonder. Several years ago, in conjunction with the grant from the Fund for the Improvement of Pott Secondary Education (FIPSE), a team of philosophers and scientists at Dartmouth College 2 ran a University Seminar series for faculty on the topic "Ethical Issues in scientific Research."At one seminar, a senior researcher (let's call him Professor R) argued a similar position to that of Dr. Z. In this case Professor R knew that "gift" authorship, authorship without a significant research contribution, was an unacceptable research practice. However, he had a reason to give authorship to his student.The student had worked for several years on a project suggested by him and the project had yielded to publishable data. Believing that he had a duty to the student to ensure a publication, Professor R had given the student some data that he himself had collected and told the student to write it up. The student had worked hard, he said, albeit on another project, and the student would do the writing. Thus, he reasoned, the authorship was not a "gift."3. These two stories point up a major reason for encouraging courses in research ethics: Good intentions do not necessarily result in ethical decisions. Both of the faculty members in the above scenarios "meant well." In both cases, the faculty members truly believed that what they were doing was morally acceptable. In the first case, Dr. Z's indefensible error was that he was unaware of the conventions of the field.In particular, he seemed blissfully oblivious to the meaning of first authorship. In the second case, Professor R was do ng what he thought best for the student without taking into consideration that moral. ty is a public system and that his actions with regard to a single student have public consequences for the practice of science as a profession.4. Well-meaning scientists, such as those just mentioned, can, with the best of intentions, make unethical decisions. In some cases, such decisions may lead individuals to become embroiled in cases of 1. 最近，我们当中的一员有机会与一名医科学生谈论她正计划要做的一个实验室轮转项目。

研究生英语研一上课文翻译

U1A教育界的科技革命若是让生活在1900年的人来到咱们那个时期，他会识别出咱们当前课堂里发生的许多情形——那盛行的讲座、对操练的强调、从基础读本到每周的拼写测试在内的教学材料和教学活动。

可能除教堂之外，很少有机构像主管下一代正规教育的学校那样缺乏转变了。

让咱们把上述一贯性与校园外小孩们的经历作一番比较吧。

在现代社会，小孩们有机遇接触普遍的媒体，而在早些年代这些媒体简直确实是奇迹。

来自过去的参观者一眼就能够识别出此刻的课堂，但很难适应现今一个10岁小孩的校外世界。

学校——若是不是一样意义上的教育界——天生是保守的机构。

我会在专门大程度上为这种保守的趋势辩护。

但转变在咱们的世界中是如此迅速而明确，学校不可能维持现状或仅仅做一些表面的改善而生存下去。

的确，若是学校不迅速、完全地变革，就有可能被其他较灵活的机构取代。

运算机的变革力现今时期最重要的科技事件要数运算机的崛起。

运算机已渗透到咱们生活的诸多方面，从交通、电讯到娱乐等等。

许多学校固然不能漠视这种趋势，于是也配备了运算机和网络。

在某种程度上，这些科技辅助设施已被吸纳到校园生活中，尽管他们往往只是用一种更方便、更有效的模式教授旧课程。

但是，以后将以运算机为基础组织教学。

运算机将在必然程度上许诺针对个人的讲课，这种讲课形式以往只向有钱人提供。

所有的学生都会取得符合自身需要的、适合自己学习方式和进度的课程设置，和对先前所学材料、课程的成绩记录。

毫不夸张地说，运算机科技可将世界上所有的信息置于人们的指尖。

这既是幸事又是灾难。

咱们再也不必花费很长时刻查找某个出处或某个人——此刻，信息的传递是瞬时的。

不久，咱们乃至不必键入指令，只需高声提出问题，运算机就会打印或说出答案，如此，人们就可实现即时的 "文化脱盲"。

美中不足的是，因特网没有质量操纵手腕； "任何人都能够拨弄"。

信息和虚假信息往往混杂在一路，此刻尚未将网上十分普遍的被歪曲的事实和一派胡言与真实含义区分开来的靠得住手腕。

《研究生英语教程》课文翻译

---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------《研究生英语教程》课文翻译《研究生英语教程》课文翻译一单元十便士看一次海湾风光，那个带着一架望远镜的老头说道：多么晴朗美丽的早晨。

请来看看那古老的灯塔和 1935 年失事的大轮船残骸吧。

要十便士简直是敲诈勒索，可是海湾的景色确实壮丽。

峭壁向远方伸展，海风激起的阵阵波浪泛着白花，冲上海滩。

海面上几艘游艇张着乳白色的风帆优雅地避开浪头蜿蜓前进。

山崖下面，一群海鸥相互叫唤着，在海面上盘旋飞翔。

离岸一英里处，在海浪贪婪地吮舔着的岩岸上，那座古老的灯塔矗立在一座石头平台上。

说实话，我毫不吝惜那几个钱。

当我把望远镜转朝灯塔时，站在我身旁的那个老头拍了拍我的手腕。

您听过在那座灯塔里发生的一起骇人听闻的惨案吗? 他压低了嗓声对我说。

我想这个地方看起来非常富有戏剧性，有关它的传说一定不少，我说。

这可不是传说，那老头郑重其事地说。

我父亲认识那起惨案的两个当事人。

一切都发生在 50 年前的今天。

1 / 3让我说给您听听吧。

他的声音似乎变得更低沉、更富有戏剧性了。

整整一个礼拜，风暴困住了那座灯塔，他开始说。

咆啸的大海波涛汹涌，海浪拍打着岩石，轰然作响。

岸上的人们十分担心在那儿工作的两个人。

他们俩是多年的挚友，但在两三个礼拜前，他们在乡村酒店里玩牌时吵了一架。

马丁指责布莱克打牌时耍赖，布莱克则发誓要对侮辱他人格的不实之辞进行报复。

多亏一位他们俩都尊敬的人好言相劝，他们才互相道了歉，并以乎很快地结束了他们之间的不快。

不过各自心里还有些怨恨。

因此，人们担心长时间与世隔绝所造成的极度紧张和恶劣的天气会使他们俩神经过敏，尽管两人的朋友们不消说还根本没意识到后果会有多么严重。

离今 50 年前的那个晚上，灯塔上没有出现灯光，直到凌晨两点钟左右才有一束灯光突然发出警告信号。

新世纪研究生综合英语课文翻译第一单元

Unit 1 Suggested Translation自由落体司各特·成克利[1] 直到动身的那一天, 我才感到告别和真正离家对我所产生的影响，这使我比闹钟预定的时间提前一小时醒来。

那时,我那金色的爱犬米西最后一次用力地舔了我一下表示问候,以前她那么做时, 我厌烦得要命,不过那天,我张开双臂把她搂在怀里,深情地慢慢抚摸着她,此时她那悲伤的眼神与我四目相对,她那绸缎般的皮毛摸上去比平常更加柔滑。

当然直到告别那天,我才注意到爱犬的这些特点, 这令我更加难舍难离。

［2］一整天都是这样: 我突然感到自己将会怀念许多人和事,我变得多愁善感起来,因为要与那些我早已习以为常的人说再见——那些常到我工作的饭馆里的顾客,那些我好像从来都找不到时间和他们说话的人。

我不得不离开我所有的朋友,还有我总想“某天去认识”的同学。

最重要的是,我将被迫与生我养我的人分别。

［3］突然间,我那些渴望独立和自由的豪言壮语变成了可怕的现实。

我曾经说过我了不起,就要上一所名校,现在我开始感到了这些大话的压力。

没什么了不起。

我曾经那么急不可待地盼望这一天的到来, 而现在,这一天终于到来了，我却感到自己好像并不想走了,我想那可能是因为我要到一所离家有６小时车程的大学去上学的缘故。

［４］事实上，在我决定离家的时候, 我所有的个人问题仿佛都烟消云散了，我才不在乎呢，反正我要走了。

我要向每个人表明我想走——而且，上帝作证，我整装待发。

然而，这一天到来了，我不知道自己真正做好了出发的准备。

[5] 老爸和继母要送我去学校，不过，我要首先和妈妈告别。

谁都知道离婚不是件容易的事。

那天早上我和妈妈一起吃了饭，她当时立刻就谈起我过去的一些经历来,还谈到了她第一年离家上大学的一些事情,比如零乱的宿舍、腼腆的室友、一些艺术史课。

她说得那么详细,那么热情,以至于我清楚地感到大学生活会给人留下多么深刻的印象。

后来,我们又谈到了我到学校后可能会发生的事情——与我同住一层的家伙会是什么样,我多么希望教室不会在校园的另一侧,我是否会因为自助食品而发胖。

考研英语研究生英语课文翻译及课后习题答案Unit1

考研英语研究生英语课文翻译及课后习题答案Unit1考研英语研究生英语课文翻译及课后习题答案Unit 1Text Translation:The origins of the cultural movement known as the Renaissance can be traced back to Italy in the 14th century. This period witnessed a significant revival of interest in the arts, literature, and science, leading to the rediscovery of classical Greek and Roman texts. The Renaissance embraced the idea that humans were capable of achieving great things and emphasized the importance of individualism, humanism, and secularism.One of the most prominent figures of the Renaissance was Leonardo da Vinci, whose talents spanned various fields such as painting, sculpture, architecture, science, and engineering. Da Vinci's famous artwork, the Mona Lisa, is arguably one of the most well-known paintings in the world. His other notable works include The Last Supper and Vitruvian Man.Another influential figure during this period was Michelangelo, known for his magnificent sculptures and frescoes. The statue of David and the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel are among his most renowned creations. Michelangelo's dedication to depicting the human form with such realism and emotion exemplified the ideals of the Renaissance.The Renaissance also brought about significant advancements in literature. Petrarch, often referred to as the "father of humanism," was arenowned Italian poet and scholar. His sonnets and letters inspired a new wave of poetic expression and influenced subsequent generations of writers.In the realm of science, the Renaissance saw a departure from medieval beliefs and a resurgence of interest in empirical observation and experimentation. Figures such as Galileo Galilei and Johannes Kepler made groundbreaking discoveries in astronomy that challenged prevalent religious and philosophical doctrines.In conclusion, the Renaissance was a transformative period in European history, characterized by a renewed interest in the arts, literature, and science. It emphasized human potential and individual achievements, paving the way for immense cultural and intellectual progress.Answer Key to the Exercises:Exercise 1:1. c) classical Greek and Roman texts2. a) individualism, humanism, and secularism3. d) painting, sculpture, architecture, science, and engineering4. b) The Last Supper5. c) statue of David and the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel6. b) Petrarch7. d) astronomy8. a) empirical observation and experimentationExercise 2:1. The cultural movement known as the Renaissance had its origins in Italy in the 14th century.2. The Renaissance witnessed a revival of interest in the arts, literature, and science, along with the rediscovery of classical Greek and Roman texts.3. Leonardo da Vinci was a prominent figure of the Renaissance, excelling in various fields such as painting, sculpture, architecture, science, and engineering.4. The Mona Lisa is one of Leonardo da Vinci's most famous works, along with The Last Supper and Vitruvian Man.5. Michelangelo was another influential figure during the Renaissance, famous for his sculptures and frescoes, including the statue of David and the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.6. Petrarch, considered the "father of humanism," was a renowned Italian poet and scholar, whose sonnets and letters inspired a new era of poetic expression.7. The Renaissance marked a departure from medieval beliefs and a renewed focus on empirical observation and experimentation in the field of science.8. Galileo Galilei and Johannes Kepler were notable scientists of the Renaissance, making significant discoveries in astronomy that challenged prevailing religious and philosophical ideas.Exercise 3:1. The Renaissance originated in Italy during the 14th century, with a revival of interest in arts, literature, and science.2. Leonardo da Vinci's talents extended to various fields, including painting, sculpture, architecture, science, and engineering.3. The Mona Lisa is one of Leonardo da Vinci's most famous paintings, alongside The Last Supper and Vitruvian Man.4. Michelangelo's renowned sculptures and frescoes include the statue of David and the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.5. Petrarch, known as the "father of humanism," had a significant impact on poetry and literature.6. The Renaissance brought about a shift towards empirical observation and experimentation in the field of science.7. Prominent scientists of the Renaissance, such as Galileo Galilei and Johannes Kepler, made groundbreaking discoveries in astronomy.In summary, the Renaissance in Italy during the 14th century led to a revival of arts, literature, and science. Figures like Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, and Petrarch played crucial roles in shaping this cultural movement. Additionally, the Renaissance marked a turning point in scientific methods, with scientists like Galileo Galilei and Johannes Kepler challenging established beliefs through empirical observation and experimentation. The impact of the Renaissance on European history cannot be overstated, as it ushered in an era of significant cultural and intellectual progress.。

研究生英语课文翻译第一三五单元

Unit 1 Stay hungry, stay foolish!Thank you.I'm honored to be with you today for your commencement [kə'mensmənt] from one of the finest universities in the world. Truth be told, this is the closest I've ever gotten to a college graduation. Today, I want to tell you three stories from my life.The first story is about connecting the dots.I dropped out of Reed College after the first six months, but then stayed around as a drop-in for another 18 months or so before I really quit. So why did I drop out?At the age of 17, I naively chose a college that was almost as expensive as Stanford, and all of my working-class parents' savings were being spent on my college tuition. After six months, I couldn't see the value in it. I had no idea what I wanted to do with my life and no idea how college was going to help me figure it out. So I decided to drop out and trust that it would all work out OK. It was pretty scary at the time, but looking back it was one of the best decisions I ever made. The minute I dropped out I could stop taking the required classes that didn't interest me, and begin dropping in on the ones that looked interesting.It wasn't all romantic. I didn't have a dorm room, so I slept on the floor in friends' rooms. I returned coke bottles for the five cent deposits to buy foodwith, and I would walk the seven miles across town every Sunday night to get one good meal a week at the Hare Krishna ['hɑ:re'kriʃnə] temple. I loved it. And much of what I stumbled into by following my curiosity and intuition turned out to be priceless later on. Let me give you one example:Reed College at that time offered perhaps the best calligraphy [kə'liɡrəfi] instruction in the country. Throughout the campus every poster, every label on every drawer, was beautifully hand cal ligraphed ['kæliɡrɑ:f]. I decided to take a calligraphy class to learn how to do this. I learned about serif ['serif] and san serif typefaces, about varying the amount of space between different letter combinations, about what makes great typography [tai'pɔɡrəfi] great. It was beautiful, historical, artistically subtle in a way that science can't capture, and I found it fascinating.None of this had even a hope of any practical application in my life. But ten years later, when we were designing the first Macintosh computer, it all came back to me. And we designed it all into the Mac. It was the first computer with beautiful typography. If I had never dropped in on that single course in college, the Mac would have never had multiple typefaces or proportionally spaced fonts.Of course it was impossible to connect the dots looking forward when I was in college. But it was very, very clear looking backwards 10 years later. So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future. You have totrust in something -- your gut, destiny, life, karma, whatever. This approach has never let me down, and it has made all the difference in my life.My second story is about love and loss.I was lucky -- I found what I loved to do early in life. Woz and I started Apple in my parents' garage when I was 20. We worked hard, and in 10 years Apple had grown from just the two of us in a garage ['ɡærɑ:dʒ, ɡə'r-] into a two billion dollar company with over 4000 employees. We just released our finest creation -- the Macintosh -- a year earlier, and I had just turned 30.And then I got fired. How can you get fired from a company you started? Well, as Apple grew we hired someone who I thought was very talented to run the company with me, and for the first year or so things went well. But then our visions of the future began to diverge and eventually we had a falling out. When we did, our Board of Directors sided with him. And so at 30, I was out. And very publicly out. What had been the focus of my entire adult life was gone, and it was devastating ['devəsteitiŋ].I really didn't know what to do for a few months. I felt that I had let the previous generation of entrepreneurs [,ɔntrəprə'nə:] down -- that I had dropped the baton as it was being passed to me. I was a very public failure, and I even thought about running away from the valley. But something slowly began to dawn on me -- I still loved what I did. The turn of events at Apple had not changed that one bit. I had been rejected, but I was still in love. And so I decided to start over.I didn't see it then, but it turned out that getting fired from Apple was the best thing that could have ever happened to me. The heaviness of being successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginner again, less sure about everything. It freed me to enter one of the most creative periods of my life. During the next five years, I started a company named NeXT, another company named Pixar, and fell in love with an amazing woman who would become my wife. Pixar went on to create the world's first computer-animated feature film, Toy Story, and is now the most successful animation studio in the world. In a remarkable turn of events, Apple bought NeXT, and I returned to Apple. And Laurene and I have a wonderful family together.I'm pretty sure none of this would have happened if I hadn't been fired from Apple. It was awful tasting medicine, but I guess the patient needed it. Sometimes life hits you in the head with a brick. Don't lose faith. I'm convinced that the only thing that kept me going was that I loved what I did. You've got to find what you love. And that is as true for your work as it is for your lovers. Your work is going to fill a large part of your life, and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work. And the only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you haven't found it yet, keep looking. Don't settle.My third story is about death.When I was 17, I read a quote that went something like: "If you live each day as if it was your last, someday you'll most certainly be right." It made an impression on me, and since then, for the past 33 years, I've looked in themirror every morning and asked myself: "If today were the last day of my life, would I want to do what I am about to do today?" And whenever the answer has been "No" for too many days in a row, I know I need to change something. Remembering that I'll be dead soon is the most important tool I've ever encountered to help me make the big choices in life. Because almost everything -- all external expectations, all pride, all fear of embarrassment or failure -- these things just fall away in the face of death, leaving only what is truly important. Remembering that you are going to die is the best way I know to avoid the trap of thinking you have something to lose. You are already naked. There is no reason not to follow your heart.About a year ago I was diagnosed [daiəɡ'nəuz] with cancer. I had a scan at 7:30 in the morning, and it clearly showed a tumor ['tju:mə] on my pancreas ['pænkriəs]. The doctors told me this was almost certainly a type of cancer that is incurable [in'kjuərəbl], and that I should expect to live no longer than three to six months. My doctor advised me to go home and get my affairs in order, which is doctor's code for "prepare to die." I lived with that diagnosis all day. Later that evening I had a biopsy ['bai,ɔpsi], I was sedated[si'deit]. It turned out to be a very rare form of pancreatic [,pænkri'ætik] cancer that is curable with surgery. I had the surgery and, thankfully, I'm fine now.This was the closest I've been to facing death, and I hope it's the closest I get for a few more decades. Having lived through it, I can now say this to you witha bit more certainty than when death was a useful but purely intellectual concept.No one wants to die.Even people who want to go to heaven don't want to die to get there. And yet death is the destination we all share. No one has ever escaped it. And that is as it should be, because Death is very likely the single best invention of Life. It's Life's change agent. It clears out the old to make way for the new. Right now the new is you, but someday not too long from now, you will gradually become the old and be cleared away.Your time is limited, so don't waste it living someone else's life. Don't be trapped by dogma ['dɔɡmə]. Don't let the noise of others' opinions drown out your own inner voice. And most importantly, have the courage to follow your heart and intuition. They somehow already know what you truly want to become. Everything else is secondary.When I was young, there was an amazing publication called The Whole Earth Catalog, which was one of the "bibles" of my generation. This was in the late 1960’s, before personal computers and desktop publishing, so it was all made with typewriters, scissors, and Polaroid ['pəulərɔid]cameras. It was sort of like Google in paperback form, 35 years before Google came along: It was idealistic, and overflowing with neat tools and great notions.Then when it had run its course, a final issue was put out. On the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road. Beneath it were the words: "Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish." It was their farewell message. And I've always wished that for myself. And now, as you graduate to begin anew, I wish that for you.Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish.Thank you all very much.译文如下：今天，很荣幸来到各位从世界上最好的学校之一毕业的毕业典礼上。

大学研究生英文系列教程综合英语上册课文原文及翻译

大学研究生英文系列教程综合英语上册课文原文及翻译课文一：HelloHello, everyone! Today, I'm going to introduce myself. My name is Sarah Smith. I am from London, England. I am 25 years old. I am a graduate student majoring in English literature. I am very interested in reading books and writing poems. In my free time, I enjoy playing the piano and traveling to different countries. I am looking forward to getting to know all of you and studying together.你好，大家！今天我要介绍一下我自己。

我的名字是Sarah Smith。

我来自英国伦敦。

我今年25岁。

我是一名英语文学专业的研究生。

我对阅读书籍和写诗非常感兴趣。

在空闲时间，我喜欢弹钢琴和去不同的国家旅行。

我期待着与大家相互认识和一起研究。

课文二：My Hobbies我叫Mark Johnson。

我是一名计算机科学专业的研究生。

除了学术研究，我有很多爱好。

其中一个爱好是打篮球。

我参加了大学篮球队，我们经常与其他大学进行比赛。

我还有一个爱好是弹吉他。

我已经弹吉他五年了。

我觉得这个爱好非常放松和享受。

另外，我也对摄影很感兴趣。

我喜欢用相机捕捉美丽的瞬间。

这些爱好让我忙碌起来，帮助我缓解学业压力。

课文三：My FamilyHello, everyone! Let me tell you about my family. I have a small family. There are four members in my family. My parents, my younger brother, and me. My father is a doctor and my mother is a teacher. They are both very loving and caring. My younger brother is in high school and he is very smart. We all live together in a small house. We always support and help each other. I am very grateful to have such a loving family.大家好！让我告诉你们关于我的家庭。

研究生英语精读教程(第三版_上)第1单元英文原文与翻译和课后答案

Unit OneYou Are What You ThinkAnd if you change your mind—from pessimism to optimism—you can change your life 你认为自己是什么样的人，那你就是什么样的人如果你改变想法——从悲观变为乐观——你就可以改变自己的生活Claipe Safran 卡勒普·撒弗兰[ 1 ] Do you see the glass as half full rather than half empty? Do you keep your eye upon the doughnut, not upon the hole? Suddenly these clichés are scientific questions, as researchers scrutinize the power of positive thinking.[1] 你看酒杯是半杯有酒而不是半杯空着的吗？你的眼睛是盯着炸面圈，而不是它中间的孔吗? 当研究者们仔细观察积极思维的作用时，这些陈词滥调突然间都成了科学问题。

[ 2] A fast-growing body of research—104 studies so far, involving some 15 000 people—is proving that optimism can help you to be happier, healthier and more successful. Pessimism leads, by contrast, to hopelessness, sickness and failure, andis linked to depression, loneliness and painful shyness. "If we could teach people to think more positively," says psychologist Craig A. Anderson of Rice University in Houston，"it would be like inoculating them against these mental ills."[2]迅速增多的大量研究工作——迄今已有 104 个研究项目，涉及大约 15 000人——证明乐观的态度可以使你更快乐、更健康、更成功。

研究生英语系列教材上unit1 原文+翻译

I asked a client — a hiring manager involved in recent search — to define it for me.我请一位客户——一位正参与研究的人事部经理，给我解释一下。

研究生英语(外研社)英语课文翻译

第一单元CYBERSPACE: IF YOU DON’T LOVE IT , LEA VE IT1 美国人的内心深处具有一种酷爱探索新领域的气质。

我们渴求宽敞的场地，我们喜欢探索，喜欢制定规章制度，却不愿去遵守。

在当今时代，却很难找到一块空间，可以供你任意驰骋，又不必担心影响你的邻居。

2 确实有这样一个空间，那就是信息空间。

这里原本是计算机迷的游戏天地，但如今只要想像得到的各类人群应有尽有，包括少年儿童、轻佻的单身汉、美籍匈牙利人、会计等。

问题是他们都能和睦相处吗？人们是否会因为害怕孩子们躲在卧室里看网上的淫秽图片而将它封杀？3 首先要解决的问题是，什么是信息空间。

我们可以抛开高速公路、前沿新领域等比喻，把信息空间看作一个巨大的庄园。

请记住，庄园是人们智慧的结晶，是合法的、人工营造的氛围，它建立在土地之上。

在庄园里，公园和商业中心、红灯区与学校、教堂与杂货店都能区分开来。

4 你可以用同样的方法把信息空间想像为一个巨大的、无边无际的虚拟庄园。

其中有些房产为私人拥有并已租出，有些是公共场所；有的场所适合儿童出入，而有些地方人们最好避开。

不幸的是，正是这些应该避开的地方使得人们心向神往。

这些地方教唆你如何制造炸弹、为你提供淫秽材料、告诉你如何窃取信用卡。

所有这些使信息空间听起来像是一个十分肮脏的地方。

正直的公民纷纷作出这样的结论：最好对它严加管理。

5 但是，在利用规章制度来反击下流之举之前，关键是从根本上理解信息空间的性质。

恶棍并不能在信息空间抢走毫无提防之心的儿童；信息空间也不像一台巨大的电视机，向不情愿的观众播放令人作呕的节目。

在信息空间这座庄园里，用户对他们所去之处、所见所闻、所做所为都要作出选择，一切都出于自愿。

换句话说，信息空间是个出入自便的地方，实际上，信息空间里有很多可去之处。

人们不能盲目上网，必须带着具体的目标上网。

这意味着人们可以选择去哪个网址、看什么内容。

不错，规章制度应该在群体内得以实施，但这些规章制度必须由信息空间内各个群体自己来制定，而不是由法庭或华盛顿的政客们来制定。

研究生学术综合英语Units1-6课文及翻译

Unit 1 Presenting a speech（做演讲）Of all human creations, language may be the most remarkable. Through在人类所有的创造中，语言也许是影响最为深远的。

我们用语言language we share experience, formulate values, exchange ideas, transmit来分享经验，表达(传递？)价值观，交换想法，传播知识，knowledge, and sustain culture. Indeed, language is vital to think itself.传承文化。

事实上，对语言本身的思考也是至关重要的。

[Contrary to popular belief], language | does not simply mirror reality butalso helps to create our sense of reality [by giving meaning to events].和通常所认为的不同的是，语言并不只是简单地反映现实，语言在具体描述事件的时候也在帮助我们建立对现实的感知。

——语序的调整。

Good speakers have respect for language and know how it works. Words are the tools of a speaker’s craft. They have special uses, just like the tools of any other profession. As a speaker, you should be aware of the meaning of words and know how to use language accurately, clearly,vividly,and appropriately.好的演讲者对语言很重视，也知道如何让它发挥更好的效果。

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一：旅行通用语
1 数十年来，法兰西语言研究院一直捍卫着法语的尊严。

几年前，由于法国人对英语词汇的入侵非常敏感，该机构颁布了净化法语的法律，其内容甚至涉及专业术语。

就拿波音747 (Boeing747)来说吧，现在法国人必须用法语词gros-porteur；表示出租的leasing也变成了credit-bail。

此类例子不胜枚举，触及生活的方方面面。

法国总统希拉克很可能会继续加大力度，直至连英特网internet和字节流(信息组)byte stream之类的词也找到相应的法语新词。

哎，真不知未来的法语会变成什么样。

2 不幸的是(或许并非不幸)，英语没有受到如此的保护。

在美国，随处可见严重偏离英国标准英语的美式英语。

“honour”普遍被写成“honor”，“night”也变成了“nite”。

许多词意广为人知的英式英语单词被赋予新的解释，交流也变得有些困难。

比如说，汽车的行李箱“boot”变成了“trunk”(一个在英国指代树干的单词)；引擎盖“bonnet”变成了“hood”(英式英语中的风帽)；老式婴儿尿布“nappy”变成了“diaper”(英式英语中的菱格花纹织物)；婴儿小外套“matineejacket”也变成了“vest”(英国的内衣汗衫)。

显而易见，两国英语曾同出一源，而如今却将两国彼此隔离。

当然了，按美国人的观点，是英国人的语言表达出了问题。

3 实际使用中，甚至还有更糟的英语呢!只要你在外国旅游并注意一下菜单、海报、旅店、甚至当地日常生活中的英语，就可以证明过去的标准用语在这些地方已变得不伦不类，让我详例如下：
4 旅行作家波洛•菲利浦曾不惜笔墨地渲染自己的几番经历，我觉得该有更多的读者了解一下。

他提及某份荷兰的灯泡目录，上面对用户承诺有“a speedy execution‟——快速处死(毫无疑问，想表达的应是“送货及时”)。

此外，东柏林的一个衣帽间告示要求客人“please hang yourself here”——请在这儿吊死自己(本想说的是“将衣帽挂在这儿”)。

只希望没人会真的从字面上去理解。

5 我还可以补充一些多年周游世界时的亲身经历。

例如，奥斯坦德的一家精品店正在宣扬其货品立意新颖，却用了“revolting new ideas”，即“令人作呕的立意”。

孟买的几家糕饼屋也鼓吹自己是“No.1 loafers”，目口头号游手好闲者，可是其本意是要宣称自己的糕饼全市第一。

6 我并不知道基督教影响如此之广，直到我在香港看到一位牙医的宣传：“我们由最新的循道宗信徒拔牙”，这儿的“Methodists”(循道宗信徒)显然应改为“methods”，即“方法”。

7 恐怕没人能确定这些误用实际上是体现了英语的普及还是仅仅反映了局限于地方的习惯用法。

但可以确定的是，海法医学会绝对应该阻止其会员挂这样的铜招牌：“妇女及其它疾病的专家”。

8 看来旅店对多语种告示颇为青睐，希望它们会有利于人们更好地使用现代化设施。

没有它们，旅店就会显得沉闷而缺乏效率。

然而，在布鲁塞尔的一家旅店中，这条电梯告示只会令毫无防范的房客更愿意爬楼梯：“使用电梯时，请按要去楼层的按钮。

若更多人进入电梯，请分别按各自要去楼层的按钮。

电梯会按楼层的字母顺序，依次送客。

没复位的按钮显示着接收到的要去楼层的指令”。

伊斯坦布尔的一则旅店告示则没这么复杂：“想要客房服务时，请开门喊叫…客房服务‟”。

至少那儿的客人不用对付也许经常失灵的电子设备。

9 在土耳其，人们对于“直言不讳”的喜爱在一个已远近闻名的安卡拉导游册中得到了充分体现。

导游册这样招揽顾客：“来我们餐馆吧，你会在欧洲救护车中享用中东风味美食”(显然这儿的救护车“ambulance”应为氛围“ambience”)。

而另一家瑞士餐馆的菜单也同样吸引人：“我们的葡萄酒绝人他念”。

(“our wines leave nothing to hope for'‟一语双关，可本意显然是“我们的葡萄酒美味绝伦”)。

10在东欧，奥匈帝国时期的老牌大旅馆从未放弃过礼节。

一则旅馆房间告示上写着“诚邀尊贵的客人在12点到14点之间占客房女服务员的便宜”(take advantage of the chambermaids)。

然而，这可能造成意外的交通阻塞。

最近的一次莫斯科画展也未必能让偶尔光顾者欣然前往，根据其告示，“画展将展出俄罗斯艺术家的300幅作品，他们中的大部分人在过去十年中已被处死了”。

11 曼谷一家洗衣房的广告词邀请来访的顾客“留下你的衣服，尽情享受吧!”就像是鼓励人们在这座远东娱乐首府干些出格之事。

12 罗马也有类似的邀请，一家洗衣房广而告之：“女士们，留下你们的衣服，尽情享受这个下午吧!”
13 若在欧洲的夜总会看到用多种语言撰写的广告，游客们也不应吃惊。

在德国，人们对马
略卡舞极为痴迷，以至于慕尼黑的一家夜总会直接借用了帕尔马的一则三语告示，只是内容令人骇异。

告示上印着“舞会”的西班牙语"Baile! Baile! Baile!”，德语“Tanz! Tanz! Tanz!”，还有那所谓的英语“Balls! Balls! Balls!"。

(只可惜他们没考虑到Balls还有另一层意思：男性生殖器官。

)还好，我们也因此躲过了学跳这种上流巴伐利亚人的舞蹈。

14 与此形成对照的是黑森林区的德国人。

众所周知，他们谨慎、守礼，但好像也不需要写这样的告示呀：“黑森林宿营地严禁不同性别的人，比如说男人和女人，共居一顶帐篷内，除非他们已为此目的结婚。

”
15 我还听说一则波洛•菲利浦声称真实的告示，成功地吸引了许从r那是在奥地利，他发现一家旅店的房间告示写着：“若需要服务，请抚摸女仆两下，洗衣工三下。

”(其实此处的“stroke”应为“打铃”之意。

)
16 毫无疑问，由于刻意进取的企业家大量涌现，不加防范的英语会有越来越多的版本。

不过，在我看来，与其为了保持英语所谓的纯洁性而让不明智的立法将其扼杀，还不如任其发展成世界各国的通用语。