论刑事审判中无罪推定原则的适用
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河南科技大学
阶段论文
题目论无罪推定原则在我国的适用及完善
姓名王岩
院系法学院
专业法学
指导教师章群
2014年6月10日
论无罪推定原则在我国的适用及完善
THE APPLICATION AND IMPROVEMENT OF THE PRINCIPLE PRESUMPTION OF INNOCEENCE IN
CHINA
摘要:无罪推定原则即任何人在未经国家审判机关依法宣告有罪以前被推定或认为其无罪。无罪推定原则是世界各国公认的现代刑事司法的理念和准则,在保障公民基本人权、铸造法治社会的权威过程中起着十分重要的作用。2012年3月14日,全国人大会议审议通过了刑诉法修正案草案。随着我国社会主义民主与法治的发展,从立法与司法的双重视角贯彻和推行无罪推定原则,不仅有利于保障犯罪嫌疑人的人权,而且有利于推动我国的法治进程。文章通过分析无罪推定原则的基本内涵以及现行刑事诉讼立法、司法实践与这一原则存在的差距,提出我国刑事诉讼中无罪推定原则的存在的问题,进而提出了在刑事诉讼中完善无罪推定原则的思路与对策。全面的探讨深化对无罪推定原则的理解,使得无罪推定原则的法律意识更加普及,相关立法能得以早日完善。
关键词:无罪推定原则沉默权完善
Abstract: The presumption of innocence is that any person is presumed innocence before a declaration of guilty from national judicial organs in accordance with the law.Presumption of innocence is recognized by the world of modern criminal justice concepts and guidelines to protect citizens' basic human rights; the authority of the process of casting the rule of law plays an important role. On March 14, 2012, the National People's Congress examined and adopted the draft Criminal Procedure Law amendment. With the development of China's socialist democracy and the rule of law, from the dual perspective of the legislative and judicial follow-up and implementation of the principle of presumption of innocence, not only will help protect the human rights of suspects, but also help promote the process of China's rule of law. In this paper,by analyzing the basic meaning of the presumption of innocence,the criminal history,as well as legislative,judicial practice and the gap between the principle of presumption of innocence,the presumption of innocence of the problems in the criminal proceedings in China, and then get away with the presumption of innocence in criminal proceedings ideas and countermeasures.With a view to the adoption of a more comprehensive understanding of the deepening of the presumption of innocence,the presumption of innocence has more universal awareness of the law,and the relevant legislation can be perfected as soon as possible.
Key words:Presumption of Innocence;Right to Remain Silent;Improvement
引言 (1)
一、无罪推定原则的渊源、内涵和法律价值 (1)
(一)无罪推定原则的渊源 (1)
(二)无罪推定原则的内涵 (2)
(三)无罪推定原则的法律价值 (4)
二、我国立法关于无罪推定原则的规定 (5)
三、无罪推定原则在我国适用中的现状及存在的问题 (5)
(一)“疑罪从轻”现象严重 (6)
(二)举证分配责任不合理 (6)
(三)不合理的控辩审结构 (6)
(四)犯罪嫌疑人能得到的法律帮助有限 (7)
四、对完善我国无罪推定原则的建议 (7)
(一)确立无罪推定原则在宪法中的地位 (7)
(二)确立有限的沉默权制度 (8)
(三)全面落实非法证据排除规则 (9)
(四)在审判过程中避免法官审理前的“预断” (9)
结语 (10)
注释 (11)
参考文献 (12)
后记 (13)