2019年6月上海高考英语真题(翻译部分)

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2019年高考英语全国一卷真题翻译

2019年高考英语全国一卷真题翻译(word版可编辑修改)编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（2019年高考英语全国一卷真题翻译(word版可编辑修改)）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。

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Need a Job This Summer?The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs。

The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program。

Not a student? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills find a job or start businesses all year round。

Jobs for YouthIf you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province you could beeligible（符合条件）for this program which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training。

2019年6月上海高考英语试题word精校版Summary Writing(含试题-答案)

2019年6月全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海英语试卷IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.It’s undeniable: Being among the first to try out a new piece of technology is cool. There’s the excitement of doing what has never been done before the feeling that you’re living in the future. And when you’re the sole member of your social circle with the latest hot gadget, people stare in fascination. They ask you questions. They see you as the holder of powerful, secret knowledge for a little while, until the next big thing comes along. People tend to underestimate the costs of this temporary coolness, which they pay in more ways than one. Don’t fall into the early adopter trap. Don’t join the first wave of consumers who invest in the latest media-hyped hardware: instead, wait and see.To put it frankly, early adoption is a bad investment. First, the earliest versions of devices are not only expensive, they are also the most expensive that those devices will ever be. Companies are presumably attempting to recover the cost of production as fast as they can, and they know that there are serious tech-lovers who will pay a great deal to be first. Once the revenues from early adopters’ purchases are safely in their hands, they can cut the price and shift to the next marketing phase: selling the product to everyone else. This is why the cost of the original iPhone dropped about U. S. 200 only eight months after its release. Plus, electronics hardly ever become more expensive because intense competition in the industry puts downward pressure on prices over time. Prices of gadgets will fall shortly after release, and they will likely keep falling. Many new TV models drop significantly in price as little as ten days after hitting the market. Further, electronics rapidly depreciate because they become obsolete (废弃的) so quickly. This means that early adopters pay the maximum price for an item that does not hold onto its value. The resale price of a cell phone or laptop can drop by fifty percent within just a few months.Speaking of becoming obsolete, those who are first to leap into a new technology risk wasting money and time on something that will never catch on. Another good reason to resist the early-adoption temptation is that the first version of a product typically has defects that cost a lot in time and frustration. Such problems are so common with new technology that early adopters are basically unpaid beta testers and troubleshooters. Unless this sounds to you like a fun way to spend your time, don’t be among the first users. If you wait to learn what the problems are with a new electronic gadget, you can look forward to a smoother experience or choose a less troublesome product.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 爷爷有点耳背，对他耐心一点。

6月上海高考英语真题 (翻译部分)

2019年6月高考英语上海卷翻译局部1.他们中谁可能担任过排球教练？〔may〕【考点】may have done【词汇】担任——be；work as；serve as。

排球教练——volleyball coach〔trainer也可以 ,但球队教练一般用coach〕或用动词：coach a volleyball team【难点】她们“中〞：among/of them参考译文：Who among them may have coached a volleyball team?2.我看到他换上徒步鞋 ,走向草坪。

〔make for〕【考点】see sb. do sth.〔或可用从句see that...〕【词汇】换上——change into；put on徒步鞋——hiking/trekking/walking boots/shoes〔hiking/trekking较地道〕草坪——lawn/green belt；meadow/grassland〔一般指草场、牧场〕【难点】“换上〞、“走去〞两个动词的处理：and并列。

参考译文：I saw him change into hiking boots and walk toward the lawn.3.妈妈给自己设闹钟六小时响一次 ,以提醒她为宝宝量体温。

〔reminder〕【考点】as a reminder to do/of sth./that...【词汇】设置闹钟六个小时响一次——set the alarm clock to ring every six hours【难点】“提醒自己〞用名词表达：a reminder for herself参考译文：Mom sets the alarm clock to ring every six hours as a reminder for herself to take the baby’s temperature.4.在这个村庄 ,他们吃饭只吃八分i饱 ,但这个健康的饮食习惯最开始是为了解决食物短缺。

2019年6月上海市秋季高考英语试卷真题

2019年6月上海市秋季高考英语试卷真题I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.M: Is there a new bookstore on Fuzhou Road?W: Yes, it's got very good novels of the 20thcentury.O: What are the speakers mainly talking about2. W: Mike, are you OK?M: I injured my back yesterday just by sneezing. My doctor said I need surgeryO: What can be learned about the man?3. M: Which team are you going to support?W: You're not going to talk about football again, are you? That's itQ: How does the woman feel about discussing footbal1?4.M: Mary is not in the company. Has she returned from Xi'an vet?W: Yes. but before she went to Chengdu yesterday, she had been home for only one day.Q: Where is Mary Now?5.M: What? Steven is drinking orange juice.W: You cannot believe it. Now. he's careful about what he eats and takes regular exercise.O: What does the woman imply about Steven?6.M: I've moved the flower into the garden and watered it every day. How come it is still not doing well?W: Well, why not add some fertilizer? Maybe that'll helpQ: According to the woman. what may the flower need？7.M: Wow, you won the first prize in the writing contest. You haven't taken any courses on reading and writing.W: But I've been keeping a diary since childhood.O: According to the woman, what helped her win the contest?8.M: You like tennis so much. Why not take some lessons? They start next week.W: How am I going to fit that into my crowded schedule?Q: What does the woman mean?9.W: Walk to the park? You must be kidding! It takes only five minutes to drive there.M: If I had remembered to charge my car.O: What can be learned about the man?10. W: You've been dealing with that budget report for nearly an hour. Anything wrong?M: I keep adding and reading the numbers. but they just don't balance.Q: What is the man doing?Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two passages and a longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the question will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.It's common for you, nonfiction writers, to go forth into an area you know little about. You may worry that you are not qualified to bring the story back. I feel that anxiety every time I start a new project. I felt it when I went to Bradenton to write my baseball book Spring training. Although I've been a baseball fan all my life, I had never done any sports reportin g, never interviewed a professional athlete. Any of the man I approached with a notebook could have asked. What else have you written about baseball? But nobody did.They didn't ask, because I was sincere. It was obvious to those man that I really wanted t o know how they did their work. Remember this. when you enter a new area and need a shot of confidence, what matters is how you do it. Also remember that your assignment may not be as narrow as you think. Often it will turn out to touch some unexpected cor ner of your experience or your education, enabling you to broaden the story with strength of your own. Every such production of the unfamiliar will reduce your fear.Questions:11. According to the speaker. when may non-fiction writers feel worried？12. Why didn't nobody in Bradenton to care about what the speaker had written before?13. According to the speaker, how does non-fiction writers' experience or education benefit them?Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following talk.The accepted definition of creativity is production of something original and useful, and it is commonly thought that creativity occurs on the right side of the brain, and the arts play an important role in enhancing it. But according to a new research, creativity isn't abou t freedom from concrete facts.Rather, fact-finding is vital in the creative process. It's the result of both sides of your brain working together. To understand this. we need to take a look at what leads to creativity. When you try to solve a problem, you begin by concentrating on obvious facts and familiar solutions to see if the answer lies there. This is done mostly by the left side However, if the answer doesn't come, the right and left sides of the brain activate together. The right side scans remote memories that could be vaguely relevantA wide range of distant information that is normally ignored becomes available to the left side. Then the left side catches whatever connection it may have with the problem. and quickly locks in on it before it escapes. With extremely focused attention, the brain quickly pulls together these pieces of thought and combines them into a new single idea, as the brain recognizes the originality of what it has come up with. a sense of pleasure will arise.Questions14. What do people commonly think of creativity?15. According to the passage, how does the left side of the brain contribute to creative process?16. What is the passage mainly about?Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.W: Hello. Peter. I heard you worked in a remote village last monthM: Yes, as a volunteer teaching in a primary school in southeastern China.W: A good choice for the summer vacationM: For me, it's not only a choice, but a responsibility.W: You're right. What can a volunteer generally do?M: Many things, like creating a change in the surroundings, providing shelter and food to the needy ones.W: So you mean volunteering is not just donating cash or things?M: Right! We prefer to call that charityW: How did you come up with the idea of volunteering?M: It was my father. He used to supervise a volunteer program in a non-profit art gallery. w. Was it a full-time job for him?M: No, in fact. a part time job. He went to the gallery nearly every weekend.W: Wow. this requires great passionM: Sure. The best way to volunteer is to get involved in activities we are passionate about W: Have you had any difficulties as a volunteer?M: Definitely! Lack of respect, acknowledgement, and lack of funds now and thenW: Oh, my! Many obstacles!M: So the most important spirit is perseveranceW: I'd like to join you someday.M: Any time.Questions17. What are the two speakers mainly talking about?18. What volunteer service did the man's father do?19. What does the man think is the best way to volunteer?20. According to the man. which of the following is the most important for a volunteer?。

2019年高考试题-英语(上海卷)解析版

2019 年高考试题 - 英语（上海卷）解析版注意事项：认真阅读理解，结合历年的真题，总结经验，查找不足！重在审题，多思考，多理解！无论是单选、多选还是论述题，最重要的就是看清题意。

在论述题中，问题大多具有委婉性，尤其是历年真题部分，在给考生较大发挥空间的同时也大大增加了考试难度。

考生要认真阅读题目中提供的有限材料，明确考察要点，最大限度的挖掘材料中的有效信息，建议考生答题时用笔将重点勾画出来，方便反复细读。

只有经过仔细推敲，揣摩命题老师的意图，积极联想知识点，分析答题角度，才能够将考点锁定，明确题意。

I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections: InsectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Atthee ndofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationandthe questionwillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,rea dthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestio nyouhaveheard.1.W:Canyoudescribewhatyoudo?M:Iwashofficebuildingwindows.Igohighupinthebaskettoreachthewindows.Q:Whatistheman'sjob?A.Abasketballplayer.B.Alaundryworker.C.Awindowwasher.D.Arockclimber【答案】 C.Awindowwasher.【解析】这是一道事实细节题。

2019年高考试题-英语(上海卷)解析版

2019年高考试题-英语（上海卷）解析版注意事项：认真阅读理解，结合历年的真题，总结经验，查找不足！重在审题，多思考，多理解！无论是单选、多选还是论述题，最重要的就是看清题意。

在论述题中，问题大多具有委婉性，尤其是历年真题部分，在给考生较大发挥空间的同时也大大增加了考试难度。

考生要认真阅读题目中提供的有限材料，明确考察要点，最大限度的挖掘材料中的有效信息，建议考生答题时用笔将重点勾画出来，方便反复细读。

只有经过仔细推敲，揣摩命题老师的意图，积极联想知识点，分析答题角度，才能够将考点锁定，明确题意。

I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InsectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeake rs.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Th econversationandthequestionwillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversa tionandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddeci dewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.W:Canyoudescribewhatyoudo?M:Iwashofficebuildingwindows.Igohighupinthebaskettoreachthewindows. Q:Whatistheman'sjob?A.Abasketballplayer.B.Alaundryworker.C.Awindowwasher.D.Arockclimber【答案】C.Awindowwasher.【解析】这是一道事实细节题。

2019年6月上海高考英语试题word精校版(含试题,答案)

全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海英语试卷II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.A comprehensive study of 4,500 children conducted by the National Institutes of Health in 2018 shows that children who spent more than seven hours a day staring at screens showed evidence of premature thinning of their brain’s cortex the outer layer that processes sensory information. “We don’t know if it 21 (cause) by the screen time. We don’t know yet if it’s a bad thing. It won’t be until we follow them over time 22 we will see if there are outcomes that are associated with the differences that we’re seeing in this single snapshot,” Dr. Gaya Dowling. “What we can say is that this is 23 the brains look like of kids who spend a lot of time on screens. And it’s not just one pattern.”The problem isn’t just screens 24 , but also the way screens tempt kids (and adults) away from something far more important: physical activity. More than 23 percent of adults and 80 percent of adolescents don’t get enough physical activity, and according to a 2019 report from the World Health Organization (WHO), these patterns of activity and rest arise 25 habits we develop early in life. “What we really need to do is 26 (bring) back play for children,” says Dr. Juana Wi llumsen, a WHO specialist in childhood obesity and physical activity, in a statement about new WHO guidelines issued in April 2019. “This is about making the shift from sedentary time to playtime, while 27 (protect) sleep.” Of course, children aren’t completely to blame for their screen addiction.Sometimes, the parents 28 complain about the role of screens in family life are just as guilty of spending too much time in front of one. A 2016 study 29 (conduct) by Common Sense Media found that parents spend up to nine hours a day in front of screens, mostly not for work-related reasons. While 78 percent of parents said they believed they were good screen time role models, the study found a disconnect between their behavior and their perception of their behavior. Parents need to limit screen time for themselves and especially for their kids 30 it means playing the bad guy. Our mental and physical health depends on it.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be usedSome Very “American” Words Come from ChineseMany of the Chinese words that are now part of English were borrowed long ago. They are most often from Cantonese (粤语) or other Chinese languages rather than Mandarin. Let’s start with them.kowtowThe English word kowtow is a verb that means to agree too easily to do what someone else wants you to do, or to obey someone with power in a way that seems 31 . It comes from the Cantonese word kau tau, which means “knock your head”. It refers to the act of kneeling and lowering one’s head as a sign of respect to 32 such as emperors, elders and leaders. In the case of emperors, the act required the person to touch their head to the ground. Britain’s Lord George Macartney refused to “kau tau” to th e Qianlong Emperor. Soon after, the English word “kowtow” was born. In 1793, Britain’s King George IIIsent Lord George Macartney and other trade ambassadors to China to 33 a trade agreement. The Chinese asked them to kowtow to the Qianlong Emperor. As the story goes, Lord Macartney refused for his 34 to do more than bend their knees. He said that was all they were required to do for their own king.It is not surprising, then, that Macartney left China without negotiating the trade agreement. After that, critics used the word kowtow when anyone was too submissive to China. Today, the usage has no connection to China, nor any specific political connection.gung-hoAnother borrowed word that came about through 35 between two nations is gung-ho. In English, the word gung-ho is an adjective that means extremely excited about doing something. The Chinese characters “gong” and “he” together mean “work together, cooperate.” The original term gongyehezuoshe means Chinese Industrial Cooperatives. The organizations were established in the 1930s by Westerners in China to promote industrial and economic development. Lt. Colonel Evans Carlson of the United States Marine Corps observed these cooperatives while he was in China. He was impressed, saying “…all the soldiers 36 themselves to one idea and worked together to put that idea over.” He then began using the term gung-ho in the Marine Corps to try to create the same spirit he had 37 . In 1942, he used the word as a training slogan for the 2nd Marine Raider Battalion during World War II. The men were often called the “Gung Ho Battalion.” From then, the word gung-ho spread as a slogan throughout the Marine Corps. Today, its meaning has no relation to the military.typhoonIn English, a typhoon is a very powerful and 38 storm that occurs around the China Sea and in the South Pacific. The word history of typhoon had a far less direct path to the English language than gung-ho. And not all historical accounts are the same. But, according to the Merriam-webster New Book of W ord Histories, the first typhoons reported in the English language were in India and were called “touffons” or “tufans.” The word tufan or al-tufan is Arabic and means violent storm or flood. The English came across this word in India and borrowed it as touffon. Later, when English ships encountered violent storms in the China Sea, Englishmen learned the Cantonese word tai fung, which means “great wind.” The word’s 39 to touffon is only by chance. The modern form of the word typhoon was influenced by the Cantonese but 40 to make it appear more Greek.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.When 17-year-old Quattro Musser hangs out with friends, they don’t drink beer or cruise around in cars with their dates. 41 , they stick to G-rated activities such as rock-climbing or talking about books.They are in good company, according to a new study showing that teenagers are increasingly delaying activities that had long been seen as rites of passage into 42 . The study, published Tuesday in the journal Child Development, found that the percentage of adolescents in the U. S. who have a driver’s license, who have tried alcohol, who date, and who work for pay has plummeted since 1976, with the most precipitous (急剧的) 43 in the past decade. The declines appeared across race, geographic, and socioeconomic lines, and in rural, urban, and suburban areas.To be sure, more than half of teens still engage in these activities, but the 44 have slimmed considerably. Teens have also reported a steady decline in sexual activity in recent decades, as the portion of high school students who have had sex fell from 54 percent in 1991 to 41 percent in 2015, according to Centers for Disease Control statistics. “People say, ‘Oh, it’s because teenagers are more responsible, or more lazy, or more boring,’ but they’re 45 the larger trend,” said Jean Twenge, lead author of the study, which drew on seven large time-lag surveys of Americans. Rather, she said, kids may be less 46 inactivities such as dating, driving or getting jobs because in today’s society, they no longer need to.According to an evolutionary psychology theory that a person’s “life strategy” slows down or speeds up depending on his or her 47 , exposure to a “harsh and unpredictable” environment leads to faster development, while a more resource-rich and secure environment has the 48 effect, the study said. In the first 49 , “You’d have a lot of kids and be in survival mode, start having kids young, expect your kids will have kids young, and expect that there will be more 50 and fewer resources,” said Twenge, a psychology professor at San Diego State University who is the author of “iGen: Why Today’s Super-Connected Kids Are Growing Up Less Rebellious, More Tolerant, Less Happy-and Completely Unprepared for Adulthood.”In that model a teenage boy might be thinking more 51 about marriage, and driving a car and working for pay would be important for “establishing mate value based on procurement of resources,” the study said. But America is shifting more toward the 52 model, and the change is apparent across the socioeconomic spectrum, Twenge said. “Even in families whose parents didn’t have a college education... families are smaller, and the idea that children need to be carefully 53 has really sunk in.” The 54 of “adult activities” could not be attributed to more homework or extracurricular activities, the study said, noting that teens today spend fewer hours on homework and the same amount of time on extracurriculars as they did in the 1990s (with the exception of community service, which has risen slightly). Nor could the use of smartphones and the Internet be entirely the 55 , the report said, since the decline began before they were widely available. If the delay is to make room for creative exploration and forming better social and emotional connections, it is a good thing, he said.41. A. Therefore B. Rather C. Moreover D. Besides42. A. childhood B neighborhood C. adolescents D. adulthood43. A. escapes B. ends C. decreases D. changes44. A. minorities B. majorities C. masses D. amounts45. A. taking B. avoiding C. sending D. missing46. A. interested B. envied C. relieved D. realized47. A. emotions B. surroundings C. customs D. habits48. A. wrong B. same C. opposite D. similar49. A. event B. issue C. case D. occasion50. A. trouble B. questions C. benefits D. diseases51. A. respectively B. delicately C. seriously D. considerably52. A. slower B. better C. smaller D. faster53. A. emphasized B. related C. organized D. educated54. A. implement B. postponement C. achievement D. payment55. A. cause B. impact C. fact D. resultSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B. C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.ABitcoin and other so-called cryptocurrenciest (加密货币) have been all over the news lately. Apparently, the idea of money that’s not tied to a specific bank or a specific country is appealing to many. But it’s worth remembering that the banking system that we now all live with is just that: A modern invention. Not so long ago, money was almost always created and used locally, and bartering was common. (In fact, it still is common among many online local networks, like the Buy Nothing Project.).In the past, money’s makeup varied from place to place, depending on what was considered valuable there. So while some of the world’s first coins were made from a na turally occurring hybrid of gold andsilver called electrum (金银矿), objects other than coins have served as currency, including beads, ivory, livestock, and cowrie shells. In West Africa, bracelets of bronze or copper were used as cash, especially if the transaction was associated with the slave trade there. Throughout the colonial period, tobacco was used to replace coins or paper bills in Virginia, Maryland and North Carolina, even though it was used elsewhere in the colonies and extensively throughout Europe and the U. K.Today, on an island in the Pacific, a specific type of shell still serves as currency and some people there are even hoarding (储存) it, just like Bitcoin moguls, convinced that one day, it will make them wealthy beyond imagination. On Malaita, the most-populated island that’s part of the Solomon Islands, shells are accepted at most places in exchange for goods.“How much tuna (金枪鱼) you can get for your shells depends on their color and shape,” Mary Bruno, a shop owner from the small tow n of Auki, on Malaita, told Vice. “One strip of darker shells might get you about two cans of smaller tuna, but the red ones are worth more. For the red ones, one strip might get enough tuna to feed a big family for a long time.”Just like a mint that creates coins, there’s only one place on the island where the shells, which are polished and strung together to form 3-foot-long ropes, are made. The strips of red, white, and black shells all come from Langa Langa Lagoon, where artificial islands were long-ago built by locals to escape from the island-dwelling cannibals. Once marooned (困住) out on their islands, locals needed a currency to use among themselves, and so the shell currency was born.Using shells for money was common throughout the Pacific islands as late as the early 1900s, but Malaita is unique in that they are still used today. And just like cryptocurencies, there are those who think the islanders are smart to invest in this type of money, which is reported to have risen in value over the last three decades. It might seem strange to hoard a bunch of processed, strung-together shells, but what is a pile of dollars? Just a specially printed piece of paper and hemp that we’ve assigned value to and probably less durable over time than those shells.56. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?A. Money was created and was widely used in the world.B. Tobacco was used as coins or paper bills in American in the past.C. The ingredients of world’s first coins may be the co mbination of gold and silver.D. Using shells for money has been out of date in the world.57. The word “mint” in paragraph 5 is closest in the meaning to “”.A. a kind of money that can exchangeB. the leaves of a mint plant used fresh or candiedC. a place to produce and polish shellsD. a factory that produces currency58. What’s opinion of the author towards shells for money?A. Reasonable.B. Imaginary.C. Convenient.D. Inventive59. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. The History of BiteoinB. Shells Still MoneyC. The Currency Is of Great UseD. Some ShellsBMoving a GiantThe logistics of excavating (挖掘) and relocating a town’s century-old, living sequoia (红杉) tree. Inhabitants of Boise, Idaho, watched with trepidation earlier this year as the city’s oldest, tallest resident moved two blocks. The 105-year-old sequoia tree serves as a local landmark, not only for its longevity but also because renowned naturalist and Sierra Club cofounder John Muir provided the original seedling. So, when Saint Luke’s Health System found that the 10-story-tall conifer (针叶树) stood in the way of its planned hospital expansion, officials called tree-moving firm Environmental Design.The Texas-based company has developed and patented scooping and lifting technology to move missive trees. Weighing in at more than 800,000 pounds, the Boise sequoia is its largest undertaking yet. “I (had)lost enough sleep over this,” says David Cox, the company’s Wester n region vice president and that was before the hospital mentioned the tree’s distinguished origin. Before the heavy lifting began, the team assessed the root system and dug a five-foot-deep cylinder, measuring 40 feet in diameter, around the trunk to protect all essential roots. After encapsulating the root ball in wire mesh, the movers allowed the tree to adapt to its new situation for seven months before relocating it. The illustration details what followed. Leslie Nemo1. Mark A. Merit and his team at Environmental Designinstalled underneath the root ball a platform ofseven-inch-diameter, 44-foot-long steelbars and, just belowthe rods, a first set of uninflated airbags (shown in gray). Theteam also dug a shallow ramp.2. In roughly 15 minutes, the movers inflated the airbagsto about three feet in diameter to raise the root ball to thesurface of the hole.3. By underinflating the front bags, the team allowed theplatform carrying the tree to roll up the ramp and out of thehole while staying level. A trailer hauled the tree along asteam members removed the airbags from the back of theplatform and replaced them in the front. They repeated the process until the tree arrived at the edge of its new home.4. There a second set of partially inflated bags (shown in white) waited inside the hole. Soil surrounding the sequoia in its original location was relocated as well, because trees are more likely to survive a transplant when they move with their original soil.5. Using the first set of airbags, the movers rolled the platform into the new hole.6. The bags waiting there were then inflated further to take the weight of the sequoia while the transportation bags were deflated and removed from under the tree.7. The white bags were then deflated in about half an hour to lower th e sequoia’s root ball to the bottom of its hole. The bags were removed, but the metal bars were left with the tree because they rust and degrade over a number of years.8. For the next five years the local park service will monitor and maintain the tree in its new home.60. Which of the following words can be used to replace the words underlined “stood in the way of”?A. Resisted.B. Balanced.C. Blocked.D. Promoted.61. What is the reason for the relocation of Sequoia trees?A. Because the Scooping and lifting technology should be put into use.B. Because it blocks local hospital expansion plans.C. Because it corresponds to government’s plan of Environmental Design.D. Because sequoia trees are over a hundred years old.62. How will the migrated sequoia trees be dealt with?A. They will be given new soil in the new living environment.B. Metal rods used to move sequoia trees will not be left on the trees.C. They will be kept in transport bags all the time.D. They will be managed by specialists in the next five years.CUnderstand the Economic Concept of a Budget LineThe term “budget line” has several related meanings, including a couple that are self-evident and a third that is not.The Budget Line as an Informal Consumer UnderstandingThe budget line is an elementary concept that most consumers understand intuitively without a need for graphs and equations it’s the household budget, for example.Taken informally, the budget line describes the boundary of affordability for a given budget and specific goods.Given a limited amount of money, a consumer can only spend that same amount buying goods. If the consumer has X amount of money and wants to buy two goods A and B, she can only purchase goods totaling X. If the consumer needs an amount of A costing 0.75 X, she can then spend only 0.25 X, the amount remaining, on her purchase of B.This seems almost too obvious to bother writing or reading about. As it turns out, however, this same concept one that most consumers make many times each day with reflecting on it is the basis of the more formal budget line concept in economics, which is explained below.Lines in a BudgetBefore turning to the economics definition of “budget line”, consider another c oncept: the line-item budget. This is effectively a map of future expenditures, with all the constituent expenditures individually noted and quantified. There’s nothing very complicated about this: in this usage, a budget line is one of the lines in the budget, with the service or good to be purchased named and the cost quantified.The Budget Line as an Economics ConceptOne of the interesting ways the study of economics relates to human behavior generally is that a lot of economic theory is the formalization of the kind of simple concept outlined above a consumer’s informal understanding of the amount she has to spend and what that amount will buy.In the process of formalization, the concept can be expressed as a mathematical equation that can be applied generally.A Simple Budget Line GraphTo understand this, think of a graph where the vertical lines quantify how many movie tickets you can buy and where the horizontal lines do the same for crime novels. You like going to the movies and reading crime novels and you have $150 to spend. In the example below, assume that each movie costs $10 and each crime novel costs $15. The more formal economics term for these two items is budget set.If movies cost $10 each, then the maximum number of movies you can see with the money available is 15. To note this you make a dot at the number 15 (for total movie tickets) at the extreme left-hand side of the chart. This same dot appears at the extreme left above “0” on the horizontal axis because you have no money left for books the number of books available in this example is 0.You can also graph the other extreme all crime novels and no movies. Since crime novels in the example cost $15 and you have $150 available, if you spend all the available money crime novels, you can buy 10. So you put a dot on the horizontal axis at the number 10.You’ll place the dot at the bottom of the vertical axis because in this instance you have $0 available for movie tickets.If you now draw a line from the highest, leftmost dot to the lowest, rightmost dot you’ll have created a budget line. Any combination of movies and crime novels that falls below the budget line is affordable. Any combination above it is not.63. Which sentence about the budget line is NOT TRUE?A. It is a limitation of affordability for a given budget and specific goods.B. Most costumers will be confused with this concept because of its complex.C. It is the effectively a map of future expenditures.D. It can be expressed as a mathematical equation.64. What is the purpose of the passage?A. To tell us any concept can be expressed as a mathematical equation.B. To help us figure out the meaning Budget Line.C. To tell us we should budget before we buy goods.D. To give an instruction of drawing a budget Line.65. Assume that each movie costs $10 and each crime novel costs $15, you have $150. Which is RIGHT according to this passage?A. The maximum number of movies you can see is 10.B. The maximum number of crime novels you can buy is 15.C. You can buy 7 crime novels and see 5 movies.D. You can buy 7 crime novels and see 4 movies.66. What is the best title of this passage?A. Do we really know the economic concept of a budget line?B. The Budget Line as an Economics ConceptC. The Budget Line as an Informal Consumer UnderstandingD. The Complex Concept Budget LineSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. EachMagazine Articles: More Valuable Than You May ThinkParents are often surprised when teachers suggest their children read magazines. Read on to learn about the benefits that reading magazines offers to young readers and how to introduce your children to the medium.Magazine BenefitsMagazine articles can provide reluctant readers with a lively, breezy writing style that can inspire them to read more.The articles in magazines are generally short, which allows a child to finish reading a feature article without losing interest due to a short attention span. The writing in magazines also tends to be easy to read, especially if it is a children’s publication.By allowing your child to read magazines at an early age, you are encouraging development of a useful skill. 67 Getting into the habit of reading periodicals as a child will foster the habit of reading news articles that may continue into adulthood.68 Magazine articles challenge students to think about issues they may have never considered or cause them to rethink their world view. Information is available in a wide variety of reading levels because magazines are written for every audience imaginable. Many publications cover the same material in different writing styles that might make it easier for your child to comprehend.Magazine ActivitiesReading magazines as a family can be used to introduce each other to the various interests that each family member possesses. When your children are finished with their magazines, encourage them to pass their issue on to a sibling or other family member.Once each family member has finished reading each magazine, you can use them for art and writing projects. These projects are for family members of all ages:1. Cut out pictures to help your preschool and kindergarten children learn their alphabet, numbers, and colors.2. 69 Paste the picture at the top of a page and have them write a story about what is happeningor what the picture represents.3. Clip pictures to create a collage. Many teenagers love using their artistic talents to collage.70 The skills that students utilize and strengthen when reading magazines can be applied to higher level reading and other academic subjects. Encouraging your child to read by giving them a magazine subscription could cause them to take the leap from being a reluctant reader to a voracious page-turner.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Becoming an Attractive EmployeeThe 2008 financial crisis created an unstable job market. Fast-forward to the present, and the economy has not fully recovered. Thus, it’s of vital importan ce for job seekers to carefully strategize their approach to job application. And it’s especially important for those new to the work force. They should look at making themselves as attractive as possible to employers.For young people, information technology skills will play an increasing role in the future. As the generation to have grown up in the Information Age, they are quite confident when it comes to showing off their interests and skills in this field. This makes them a natural fit for companies seeking expertise (专业技能) in technology, marketing and networking. They should emphasize these skills when applying for jobs that require the ability to multitask.Another attractive quality is experience. It’s important that an applicant’s resume list any activities that involved teamwork and goal-driven responsibilities. Membership in a sports or social club and participation as a volunteer are good examples of this. These activities involve goal management and planning along with the ability to focus while competing on a team. When hiring committees see this, they see a candidate who is capable of working in a variety of environments.Finally, an attractive quality when job-hunting is a great attitude toward a potential job. Young job seekers are known to be overconfident because they have been praised for everything they have done. But they must realize that the employment market is about how an employee will be a good fit for a company, not the other way around.In fact, in an interview, an important question to ask is: “What would be expected of me as an employee?”In today’s tough job market, young job seekers need to provide a potential employer with good reasons to hire them.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 我看到他换上徒步鞋，走向草坪。

2019年6月上海高考英语试题word精校版SummaryWriting（含试题-答案）

2019年6月上海高考英语试题word精校版SummaryWriting（含试题-答案）2019年6月全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海英语试卷IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.It’s undeniable: Being among the first to try out a new piece of technology is cool. There’s the excitement of doing what has never been done before the feeling that you’re living in the future. And when you’re the sole member of your social circle with the latest hot gadget, people stare in fascination. They ask you questions. They see you as the holder of powerful, secret knowledge for a little while, until the next big thing comes along. People tend to underestimate the costs of this temporary coolness, which they pay in more ways than one. Don’t fall into the early adopter trap. Don’t join the first wave of consumers who invest in the latest media-hyped hardware: instead, wait and see.To put it frankly, early adoption is a bad investment. First, the earliest versions of devices are not only expensive, they are also the most expensive that those devices will ever be. Companies are presumably attempting to recover the cost of production as fast as they can, and they know that there are serious tech-lovers who will pay a great deal to be first. Once the revenues from early adopters’ purchases are safely in their hands, they can cut the price and shift to the next marketing phase: selling the product to everyone else. This is why the cost of the original iPhonedropped about U. S. 200 only eight months after its release. Plus, electronics hardly ever become more expensive because intense competition in the industry puts downward pressure on prices over time. Prices of gadgets will fall shortly after release, and they will likely keep falling. Many new TV models drop significantly in price as little as ten days after hitting the market. Further, electronics rapidly depreciate because they become obsolete (废弃的) so quickly. This means that early adopters pay the maximum price for an item that does not hold onto its value. The resale price of a cell phone or laptop can drop by fifty percent within just a few months.Speaking of becoming obsolete, those who are first to leap into a new technology risk wasting money and time on something that will never catch on. Another good reason to resist the early-adoption temptation is that the first version of a product typically has defects that cost a lot in time and frustration. Such problems are so common with new technology that early adopters are basically unpaid beta testers and troubleshooters. Unless this sounds to you like a fun way to spend your time, don’t be among the first users. If you wai t to learn what the problems are with a new electronic gadget, you can look forward to a smoother experience or choose a less troublesome product.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 爷爷有点耳背，对他耐心一点。

翻译四字格上海英语高考

上海英语高考四字格翻译练习Practice 1Phrase Translation1.效果显著remarkable effect2.立竿见影get instant/immediate results3.节奏明快lively melody/ rhythm4.风格诙谐humorous style5.干干净净clean6.空无一人empty7.五颜六色colorful8.人山人海crowded and bustling9.百年老店century-old shop10.以人为本people-oriented11.顾客为本customer-oriented/customer-focused12.每家每户every household13.阵阵笑声bursts of laughter 14.疏于管理be neglected in management15.引发轰动cause/create a hit/stir16.急需改善be in need of improvement17.展品积灰the exhibits are dusty- dustyexhibits18.门厅冷清hall is deserted - deserted hall19.重中之重make it a priority20.雷打不动make it a rule21.遨游宇宙travel in the space22.转危为安turn the crisis into safety23.再创辉煌to create glory again24.一片欢腾burst into cheers25.换位思考put oneself in others’ shoes26.趁热打铁strike the iron while it’s hotPractice 2 Sentence TranslationI. Adjective translation 形容词翻译1. 羽毛球馆空无一人，怎么灯还亮着？（how come）（2021年1月）The badminton hall is empty, and how come all lights are on?2. 为了让妈妈好好休息，小王把水槽和厨具洗得干干净净。

2019年6月上海高考英语听力试题word精校版(含试题+答案+录音稿)--

2019年6月全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海听力试题（左上角的压缩文件为完整试题）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard1. A. A new bookstore. B. A new road. C. Good novels. D. The past history.2. A. He is a doctor of surgery. B. He was hurt yesterday because of an accident.C. He injured his back yesterday just by sneezing.D. He wants to look for a job at hospital.3. A. Excited. B. Serious. C. Impatient. D. Disappointed.4. A Xi’an. B. Chengdu. C. At home. D. In the company.5. A. She lives a healthy life now. B. He has a habit of drinking orange juice.C. He is too careful about his diet.D. He is used to taking regular exercise.6. A. Sun. B. Water. C. Fertilizer. D. Soil7. A. Some courses on reading. B. Some courses on writing.C. The habit of keeping a diary.D. Her potential talent.8. A. She is too busy to take exercises. B. She doesn’t have enough money.C. It’s unnecessary for her to take some lessons.D. She has never planned to play tennis.9. A. The park is far away from their home. B. He hates to walk to the park.C. He wants to drive his car to another park.D. It will be faster for them to drive to the park rather than walk.10. A. He is adding and reading the numbers. B. He is checking the financial report.C. He is rewriting the numbers of the report.D. He is trying to make the budget limited. Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the question will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. When they go forth into an area that they are unfamiliar with.B. When they are qualified to bring the story back.C. When they start an urgent project.D. When they have never written the same subject.12. A. Because he is a baseball fan all his life.B. Because he has interviewed a professional athlete.C. Because they are moved by the speaker’s sincerityD. Because the speaker has done some sports reporting before.13. A. Broaden the story with their own strength. B. Grow up happily and luckily.C. Get some unexpected results.D. Become a productive writer.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Creativity is production of something original and useful.B. Creativity happens on the right side of the brain.C. Creativity is related to the freedom from concrete facts.D. Everyone has his special creativity.15. A. By focusing on obvious facts and familiar solutions to see if the answer lies there.B. By scanning remote memories that could be vaguely relevant.C. By focusing our attention to search for a wide range of distant information.D. By cutting off the connection it may have with the problem before it escapes.16. A. The common sense about the production of creativity.B. The both sides of the brain working together to creativity.C. A sense of pleasure produced by the creativity.D. How difficult that we come up with a new single idea.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Their plan for the summer vacation. B. The woman’s new job.C. Peter’s experience of volunteer.D. The spirit of activities.18. A. Supervising a volunteer program in a non-profit art gallery.B. Cleaning up the gallery every weekend.C. Donating cash and other things.D. Offering some part-time jobs to the young.19. A. Taking part in activities that are respected.B. Taking part in activities that are creative.C. Taking part in activities you show enthusiasm for.D. Taking part in activities you’re responsible for.20. A. Fund. B. Persistence. C. Acknowledgement. D. Respect.1-5 ACCBA 6-10 CCADA 11-15 ACABA 16-20 BCACB2019年6月上海市高考英语听力录音稿I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and a question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. M: Is there a new bookstore on Fuzhou Road?W: Yes, it’s got very good novels of the 20th century.Q: What are the speakers mainly talking about？2. W: Mike, are you OK?M: I injured my back yesterday just by sneezing. My doctor said I need surgeryQ: What can be learned about the man?3. M: Which team are you going to support?W: You’re not going to talk about football again, are you? That’s itQ: How does the woman feel about discussing footbal1?4. M: Mary is not in the company. Has she returned from Xi’an yet?W: Yes. But before she went to Chengdu yesterday, she had been home for only one day.Q: Where is Mary Now?5. M: What? Steven is drinking orange juice.W: You cannot believe it. Now, he’s careful about what he eats and takes regular exercise.Q: What does the woman imply about Steven?6. M: I’ve moved the flower into the garden and watered it every day. How come it is still not doing well? W: Well, why not add some fertilizer? M aybe that’ll helpQ: According to the woman, what may the flower need?7. M: Wow, you won the first prize in the writing contest. You haven’t taken any courses on reading and writing.W: But I’ve been keeping a diary since childhood.Q: According to the woman, what helped her win the contest?8. M: You like tennis so much. Why not take some lessons? They start next weekW: How am I going to fit that into my crowded schedule?Q: What does the woman mean?9. W: Walk to the park? You must be kidding! It takes only five minutes to drive there.M: If I had remembered to charge my carQ: What can be learned about the man?10. W: You’ve been dealing with that budget report for nearly an hour. Anything wrong?M: I keep adding and reading the numbers, but they just don’t balance.Q: What is the man doing?Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.It’s common for you, nonfiction writers, to go forth i nto an area you know little about. You may worry that you are not qualified to bring the story back. I feel that anxiety every time I start a new project. I felt it when I went to Bradenton to write my baseball book Spring training. Although I’ve been a ba seball fan all my life, I had never done any sports reporting, never interviewed a professional athlete. Any of the men I approached with a notebook could have asked. What else have you written about baseball? But nobody did.They didn’t ask, because I was sincere. It was obvious to those man that I really wanted to know how they did their work. Remember this. when you enter a new area and need a shot of confidence, whatmatters is how you do it. Also remember that your assignment may not be as narrow as you think. Often it will turn out to touch some unexpected corner of your experience or your education, enabling you to broaden the story with strength of your own. Every such production of the unfamiliar will reduce your fear.Questions:11. According to the speaker, when may non-fiction writers feel worried?12. Why didn’t nobody in Bradenton care about what the speaker had written before?13. According to the speaker, how does non-fiction writers’ experience or education benefit them? Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following talkThe accepted definition of creativity is production of something original and useful, and it is commonly thought that creativity occurs on the right side of the brain, and the arts play an important role in enhancing it. But according to a new research, creativity isn’t about freedom from concrete facts. Rather, fact-finding is vital in the creative process. It’s the result of both sides of your brain working together. To understand this. we need to take a look at what leads to creativity. When you try to solve a problem, you begin by concentrating on obvious facts and familiar solutions to see if the answer lies there. This is done mostly by the left side However, if the answer doesn’t come, the right and left sides of the brain activate together. The right side scans remote memories that could be vaguely relevantA wide range of distant information that is normally ignored becomes available to the left side. Then the left side catches whatever connection it may have with the problem. and quickly locks in on it before it escapes. With extremely focused attention, the brain quickly pulls together these pieces of thought and combines them into a new single idea, as the brain recognizes the originality of what it has come up with.a sense of pleasure will arise.Questions14. What do people commonly think of creativity?15. According to the passage, how does the left side of the brain contribute to creative process?16. What is the passage mainly about?Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.W: Hello. Peter. I heard you worked in a remote village last monthM: Yes, as a volunteer teaching in a primary school in southeastern China.W: A good choice for the summer vacationM: For me, it’s not only a choice, but a responsibility.W: You’re right. What can a volunteer generally do?M: Many things, like creating a change in the surroundings, providing shelter and food to the needy ones. W: So you mean volunteering is not just donating cash or things?M: Right! We prefer to call that charityW: How did you come up with the idea of volunteering?M: It was my father. He used to supervise a volunteer program in a non-profit art gallery.W. Was it a full-time job for him?M: No, in fact. a part-time job. He went to the gallery nearly every weekend.W: Wow, this requires great passionM: Sure. The best way to volunteer is to get involved in activities we are passionate aboutW: Have you had any difficulties as a volunteer?M: Definitely! Lack of respect, acknowledgement, and lack of funds now and then W: Oh, my! Many obstacles!M: So the most important spirit is perseveranceW: I’d like to join you someday.M: Any time.Questions17. What are the two speakers mainly talking about?18. What vo lunteer service did the man’s father do?19. What does the man think is the best way to volunteer?20. According to the man, which of the following is the most important for a volunteer?。

2019年高考试题-英语(上海卷)解析版

在论述题中，问题大多具有委婉性，尤其是历年真题部分，在给考生较大发挥空间的同时也大大增加了考试难度。

考生要认真阅读题目中提供的有限材料，明确考察要点，最大限度的挖掘材料中的有效信息，建议考生答题时用笔将重点勾画出来，方便反复细读。

只有经过仔细推敲，揣摩命题老师的意图，积极联想知识点，分析答题角度，才能够将考点锁定，明确题意。

I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InsectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Atthee ndofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationandthequestionwillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestio nyouhaveheard.1.W:Canyoudescribewhatyoudo?M:Iwashofficebuildingwindows.Igohighupinthebaskettoreachthewindows.Q:Whatistheman'sjob?A.Abasketballplayer.B.Alaundryworker.C.Awindowwasher.D.Arockclimber【答案】 C.Awindowwasher.C，他【解析】这是一道事实细节题。

2019年全国高考英语试题及解析-上海卷

英语试卷考生注意：1.考试时刻120分钟,试卷总分值150分。

2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

试卷分为第I卷〔第1－12页〕和第II卷〔第13页〕，全卷共13页。

所有答题必须涂〔选择题〕或写〔非选择题〕在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

答题前,务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名,并将核对后旳条形码贴在指定位置上,在答题纸反而清晰地填写姓名。

第I卷(共103分)I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Atthee ndofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandth equestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,r eadthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequest ionyouhaveheard.1.A.Itissatisfactory.B.Itisluxurious.C.Itisold-fashioned.D.Itisdisappointing.2.A.OnAugust5th.B.OnAugust6th.C.OnAugust7th.D.OnAugust8th.3.A.Awaiter.B.Abutcher.C.Aporter.D.Afarmer.4.A.Inatheatre.B.Inalibrary.C.Inabookingoffice.D.Inafurniturestore.5.A.Sheexpectedtoabettershow.B.Shecouldhardlyfindherseat.C.Shewasn’tinterestedintheshow.D.Shedidn’tgetafavourableseat.6.A.Thewomanofteneatsoutforbreakfast.B.Thecafeteriaservesgoodbreakfast.C.Thewomandoesn’thavebreakfast.D.Thecafeteriadoesn’tservebreakfast.7.A.Sellingcucumbers.B.Plantingvegetables.C.Cookingameal.D.Pickingtomatoes.8.A.Themanshouldworkhard.B.Themanshouldturndownthejoboffer.C.Themanmayhaveanotherchance.D.Themancanapplyforthejobagain.9.A.Itisahotandsmoggyday.B.ThereisatrafficjamonKingStreet.C.Avehicleispollutingtheair.D.Themanisreadingareportonline.10.A.Itsendingisnotgoodenough.B.Itsspecialeffectsarenotsatisfying.C.Itdeservesanaward.D.Itisgoodexceptforthescarypart.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassages,andyouwillbeaskedthreequestio nsoneachofthepassages.Thepassageswillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonl yonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhicho newouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.$1.B.$2C.$3D.$52.12.A.Paythebillsfirst.B.Spend2%ofthesalaryonlivingexpenses.C.Deposit$1000everymonth.D.Putpartofthemoneyinasavingsaccount.13.A.Methodsofsavingmoney.B.Savingmoneyforfamilyemergencies.C.Theimportanceofsavingmoney.D.Secretsofspendingmoneywisely.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.Freeeducation.B.Asumofmoney.C.Donationsfromalocalnewspaper.D.Giftsfrommanypeople.15.A.Letstudentsinbeforeschool.B.Offericecreamandcoffee.C.Introduceabankintothecampus.D.Reducethetrafficjamsaround.16.A.Itlackspositivenews.B.Itshouldgrowintoabigcity.C.Itisaplaceworthlivingin.D.Itremainspeacefulandquiet.SectionCDirections:InsectionC,youwillheartwolongerconversations.Theconversationswillber eadtwice.Afteryouheareachconversation,youarerequiredtofillinthenumberedblankswi ththeinformationyouhaveheard.Writeyouranswersonyouranswersheet.Blanks17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.Completetheform.Write ONEWORD foreachanswer.Blank21through24arebasedonthefollowingconversation.Completetheform.Write NOMORETHANTHREEWORDS foreachanswer.II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagesbelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoheren tandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeprope rform.ofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.(A)BagsofLoveLastyear,Iwasassignedtoworkatanofficenearmymother’shouse,soIstayedwithherforamonth.Duringthattime,Ihelpedoutwiththehouseworkandco ntributedtothegroceries.Afterlessthanaweek,Istartednoticingthatthegrocerieswererunningoutprettyquickly —wewerealwayssuddenlyoutofsomething.(25)﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏(wonder)howmymumcouldconsumethemsoquickly,Ibeganobservingherdailyroutinefortwow eeks.Tomysurprise,Ifoundthatshewouldpackapaperbagfullofcannedgoodsandheadouteve rymorningataboutnine.Eventually,Idecidedtofollowherand(26)﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏happenedtrulyamazedme.Shewastakingthefoodtotherefugeecamp,in(27)﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏shedistributedittochildren. Iaskedaroundandfoundoutthatmymumwasverywellknowninthearea.Thekidswereveryfriend lywithherandevenlookeduptoherasifsheweretheirownmother.Thenithitme—shywouldshemotwanttotellmeaboutwhatshe(28)﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏(do)?WassheworriedabouthowIwouldreactorthatIwouldstop(29)﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏(buy)thegroceriesifIfoundout?Whenshegothome,Itoldheraboutmydiscovery.(30)﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏shecouldreact,Igaveherabighugandtoldhershedidn’tneedtokeepitasecret(31)﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏me.Shetoldmethatsomeofthechildrenlivedwithanolderladyinashelterwhileothersslept onthestreets.Foryears,mymumhasbeenhelpingoutbygivingthemwhateverfoodshecouldspa re.Iwassoimpressedby(32)﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏selflessshewas.(B)Stress:GoodorBad? Stressusedtobeanalmostunknownword,butnowthatweareusedtotalkingaboutit,Ihavefoun dthatpeoplearebeginningtogetstressedaboutbeingstressed.Inrecentyears,stress(33)﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏(regard)asacauseofawholerangeofmedicalproblems,fromhighbloodpressuretomentalill ness.Butlikesomanyotherthings,itisonlytoomuchstress(34)﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏doesyouharm.Itistimeyouconsideredthatiftherewerenostressinyourlife,youwouldachi evealittle.Ifyouarestuckathomewithnostress,thenyourlevelofperformancewillbelow. Uptoacertainpoint,themorestressyouareunder,the(35)﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏(good)yourperformancewillbe.Beyondacertainpoint,though,furtherstresswillonlylea dtoexhaustion,illnessandfinallyabreakdown.Youcantellwhenyouareoverthetopandonth edownwardslope,byaskingyourself(36)﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏numberofquestions.Doyou,forinstance,feelthattoomuchisbeingexpectedof(37)﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏,andyetfinditimpossibletosayno?Doyoufindyourselfgettingimpatientof(38)﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏(annoy)withpeopleoverunimportantthings?...Iftheanswertoallthosequestionsisyes,y ouhadbetter(39)﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏(control)yourstress,asyouprobablyareundermorestressthanisgoodforyou. Tosomeextentyoucancontroltheamountofstressinyourlife.Doctorshaveworkedoutachart showinghowmuchstressisinvolvedinvariousevents.Gettingmarriedis50,pregnancy40,mo vinghouse20,Christmas12,etc.Ifthetotalstressinyourlifeisover150,youaretwiceasli kely(40)﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏(get)ill.SectionBGoldenRulesofGoodDesignWhatmakesgooddesign?Overtheyears,designersandartistshavebeentryingto41theess entialsofgooddesign.Theyhavefoundthatsomesayingscanhelppeopleunderstandtheideas ofgooddesign.Therearefourasfollows.Lessismore.ThissayingisassociatedwiththeGerman-bornarchitectMiesvanderRohe.I nhisModernistview,beautyliesinsimplicityandelegance,andtheaimofthedesigneristoc reatesolutionstoproblemsthroughthemostefficientmeans.Designshouldavoidunnecessa ry42Moreisnotabore.TheAmerican-bornarchitectRobertVenturiconcludedthatifsimplicityi sdonebadly,theresultis43design.Post-Modernistdesignersbeganto44withdecorationan dcoloragain.Productdesignwasheavilyinfluencedbythisviewandcanbeseeninkitchen45s uchasovensandkettles.Fitnessforpurpose.Successfulproductdesigntakesintoconsiderationaproduct’sfunction,purpose,shape,form,color,andsoon.Themostimportantresultfortheuseristh attheproductdoeswhatis46.Forexample,thinkofa(n)47desklamp.Itneedstobeconstructe dfrommaterialsthatwillstandtheheatofthelampandregularadjustmentsbytheuser.Itals oneedstobestable.Mostimportantly,itneedsto48lightwhereitisneeded. Fromfollowsemotion.ThisphraseisassociatedwiththeGermandesignerHartmutEsslinger. Hebelievesdesignmusttakeinto49thesensorysideofournature—sight,smell,touchandtaste.Theseareasimportantas rational(理性旳).Whenchoosingeverydayproductssuchastoothpaste,weappreciateacool-lookingdevic ethatallowsustoeasily50thetoothpasteontoourbrush.III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B ,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Inthe1960s,DouglasMcGregor,oneofthekeythinkersintheartofmanagement,develope dthemowfamousTheoryXandTheoryY.TheoryXistheideathatpeopleinstinctively51workand willdoanythingtoavoidit.TheoryYistheviewthateveryonehasthepotentialtofindsatisf actioninwork.Inanycase,despitesomuchevidencetothe52,manymanagersstillagreetoTheoryX.The ybelieve,53,thattheiremployeesneedconstantsupervisioniftheyaretoworkeffectively ,orthatdecisionsmustbeimposedfrom54withoutconsultation.This,ofcourse,makesforau thoritarian(专制旳)managers.Differentcultureshavedifferentwaysof55people.Unlikeauthoritarianmanagement ,somecultures,particularlyinAsia,arewellknownfortheconsultativenatureofdecision-ma king—allmembersofthedepartmentorworkgroupareaskedto56tothisprocess.Thisismanagementb ythecollectiveopinion.ManywesterncompanieshavetriedtoimitatesuchAsianwaysofdoin gthings,whicharebasedongeneral57.Someexpertssaythatwomenwillbecomemoreeffective managersthanmenbecausetheyhavethepowertoreachcommongoalsinawaythattraditional58 managerscannot.Arecenttrendhasbeentoencourageemployeestousetheirowninitiative,tomakedecis ionsontheirownwithout59managersfirst.This empowerment(授权)hasbeenpartofthetrendtowardsdownsizing:60thenumberofmanagementlayersincompan ies.Afterde-layeringinthisway,acompanymaybe61withjustatoplevelofseniormanagers, front-linemanagersandemployeeswithdirectcontactwiththepublic.Empowermenttakesth eideaofdelegation(托付)muchfurtherthanhas62beenthecase.Empowermentanddelegationmeannewformsofmanage mentcontrolto63thattheoverallbusinessplanisbeingfollowed,andthatoperationsbecom emoreprofitableundertheneworganization,ratherthanless.Anothertrendisoff-siteor64management,whereteamsofpeoplelinkedbye-mailandth eInternetworkonprojectsfromtheirownhouses.Projectmanagersevaluatethe65 oftheteammembersintermsofwhattheyproduceforprojects,ratherthantheamountoftimeth eyspendonthem.51.A.desire B.seek C.lose D.dislike52.A.contrary B.expectation C.degreeD.extreme53.A.viceversa B.forexample C.however D.otherwise54.A.outside B.inside C.below D.above55.A.replacing B.assessing C.managing D.encouraging56.A.refer B.contribute C.object D.apply57.A.agreement B.practice C.election D.impression58.A.bossy B.experienced C.western D.male59.A.asking B.training C.warning D.firing60.A.doubling B.maintaining C.reducing D.estimating61.A.honoured B.left C.crowded pared62.A.economically B.traditionally C.inadequately D.occasionally63.A.deny B.admit C.assume D.ensure64.A.virtual B.ineffective C.day-to-dayD.on-the-scene65.A.opinion B.risk C.performanceD.attractivenessSectionBDirection：Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinish edsattments.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfit sbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Oneearlymorning,Iwentintothelivingroomtofindmymotherreadingathickbookcalled Best LovedPoemstoReadAgainandAgain.Myinterestwasarousedonlybythefactthattheword “Poems”appearedinbig,hotpinkletters.“Isitgood?”Iaskedher.“Yeah,”sheanswered.“There’soneIreallylikeandyou’lllikeit,too.”Ileanedforward. “‘PattyPoem,’”shereadthetitle.WhoisPatty?Iwondered.Thepoembegan:Sheneverputshertoysaway,Justleavesthemscattered①wheretheylay,…①散乱旳Thepoemwasjustthreeshortsections.Thefinalonecamequickly:Whenshegrowsandgatherspoise②,②稳重I’llmissherharum-scarum③noise,③莽撞旳Andlookinvain④forscatteredtoys.④徒劳地AndI’llbesad.Aterriblesorrowwashedoverme.WhoeverPattywas,shewasameangirl.Then,theshock. “It’syou,honey,”Mymothersaidsadly.Tomymother,thepoemrevealedaparent’saffectionwhenherchildgrowsupandleaves.Tome,the“she”inthepoemwashorror.Itwasmymamawhowouldbesad.ItwassoterribleIburstoutcrying. “What’swrong?”mymotherasked.“OhMama,”Icried.“Idon’twanttogrowupever!”Shesmiled.“Honey,it’sokay.You’renotgrowingupanytimesoon.Andwhenyoudo,I’llstillloveyou,okay?”“Okay,”Iwasstillweeping.Mypanichasgone.ButIcouldnothelpthinkingaboutthatsillypoem.Afte rwhatseemedlikeasafeamountoftime,Ireadthepoemagainandwasconfused.Itallfitsowell together,likeapuzzle.Thelanguagewassimple,sosimpleIcouldplainlyunderstanditsmea ning,yetitwasstillbeautiful.Iwasnowfascinatedbytheideaofpoetry,wordsthathadthep owertomakeorbreakaperson’sworld.Ihavesincefalleninlovewithotherpoems,but“PattyPoem”remainsmypoem.Afterall,“PattyPoem”gavememyloveforpoetrynotbecauseitwasthepoemthatliftedmyspirits,butbecauseitwast heonethathurtmethemost.66.Whywasthewriterattractedbythebook BestLovedPoemstoReadAgainandAgain?A.Itwasathickenoughbook.B.Somethingonitscovercaughthereye.C.Hermotherwasreadingitwithinterest.D.Ithasameaningfultitle.67.Afterhermotherreadthepoemtoher,thewriterfelt﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏atfirst.A.sadB.excitedC.horrifiedD.confused68.Thewriter’smotherlikedtoread“PattyPoem”probablybecause﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏.A.itreflectedherownchildhoodB.itwaswritteninsimplelanguageC.itwascomposedbyafamouspoetD.itgaveherahintofwhatwouldhappen69.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat“PattyPoem”leadsthewriterto﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏.A.discoverthepowerofpoetryB.recognizeherloveforpuzzlesC.findhereagernesstogrowupD.experiencegreathomesickness〔B〕Istherelinkbetweenhumansandclimatechangeornot?Thisquestionwasfirststudiedinthee arly1900s.Sincethen,manyscientistshavethoughtthatouractionsdomakeadifference.In 1997,theKyotoProtocolexplainedourroleintheEarth’schangingatmosphereandsetinternationallimitsforgas emissions(排放)from2017to2018.Somecountrieshavedecidedtocontinuethesereductionsuntil2020.Morerecently,theParisAgreement,stuckbynearly200countries,alsoaimstolimitglobalwarming.Butjustnowhowmuchwarmeritwillgetdependsonhowdeeplycountriescutcarbonemissions.3.5℃Thisishowmuchtemperatureswouldriseby2100evenifnationsliveuptotheinitialParispromisestoreducecarbonemissions;thisrisecouldstillputcoastalcitiesunderwateranddriveoverhalfofallspeciestoextinction.2℃Tomeetthisminimumgoal,theAgreementrequirescountriestotightenemissionstargetseveryfiveyears.Eventhisincreasecouldsinksomeislands,worse drought(干旱)anddriveadeclineofuptoathirdinthenumberofspecies.1.5℃ThisisthemostambitiousgoalfortemperaturerisesetbytheParisAgreement,afterapushbylow-lyingislandnationslikeKiribati,whichsaylimitingtemperatureriseto1.5℃couldsavethemfromsinking.0.8℃Thisishowmuchtemperatureshaverisensincetheindustrialagebegan,puttingus40%ofthewaytothe2℃point.0℃Thebaselinehereisaverageglobaltemperaturebeforethestartoftheindustrialage.70.Itcanbeconcludedfromparagraph1that﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏.A.theproblemofglobalwarmingwillhavebeenquitesolvedby2020B.gasemissionshavebeeneffectivelyreducedindevelopedcountriesC.theParisAgreementsismoreinfluentialthantheKyotoProtocolD.humanshavemadecontinuouseffortstoslowdownglobalwarming71.IfnationscouldonlykeeptheinitialpromisesoftheParisAgreement,whatwouldhappenb ytheyear2100?A.Thehumanpopulationwouldincreasebyonethird.B.Littleover50%ofallspecieswouldstillexist.C.Nationswouldnotneedtotightentheiremissionstargets.D.TheAgreement’sminimumgoalwouldnotbereached.72.Ifthoseislandnationsnotfarabovesealevelaretosurvive,themaximumtemperatureris e,sincethestartoftheindustrialage,shouldbe﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏.A.0.8℃B.1.5℃C.2℃D.3.5℃(C)Enough“meaninglessdrivel”.That’sthemessagefromagroupofmembersoftheUKgovernmentwhohavebeenexamininghowsocialmed iafirmslikeLinkedIngatherandusesocialmediadata. TheHouseofCommonsScienceandTechnologyCommittee’sreport,releasedlastweek,hasblamedfirmsformakingpeoplesignuptolongincomprehensi blelegalcontractsandcallsforaninternationalstandardor kitemark(认证标记)toidentifysitesthathavecleartermsandconditions. “Thetermandconditionsstatementthatweallcarelesslyagreetois meaninglessdrivel to anyone,”saysAndrewMiller,thechairofthecommittee.Instead,hesays,firmsshouldprovideaplain -Englishversionoftheirterms.Thesimplifiedversionwouldbecheckedbyathirdpartyanda wardedakitemarkifitisanaccuratereflectionoftheoriginal. Itisnotyetclearwhowouldadministerthescheme,buttheUKgovernmentislookingatintrodu cingitonavoluntarybasis.“weneedtothinkthroughhowwemakethatworkinpractice,”saysMiller.Wouldwepayanymoreattentiontoakitemark?“Ithinkifyouwentanddidthesurvey,peoplewouldliketothinktheywould,”saysNigelShadboltattheUniversityofSouthampton,UK,whostudiesopendata.“Wedoknowpeopleworryalotabouttheinappropriateuseoftheirinformation.”Butwhatwouldhappeninpracticeisanothermatter,hesays. Otherorganisationssuchasbanksaskcustomerstosignlongcontractstheymaynotreadorund erstand,butMillerbelievessocialmediarequiresspecialattentionbecauseitissonew.“Westilldon’tknowhowsignificantthelong-termimpactisgoingtobeofunwisethingsthatkidsputonsoci almediathatcomebackandbitethemin20years’time,”hesays.Shadbolt,whogaveevidencetothecommittee,saystheproblemisthatwedon’tknowhowcompanieswilluseourdatabecausetheirbusinessmodelsandusesofdataarestille rgecollectionsofpersonalinformationhavebecomevaluableonlyrecently,hes ays.Theshockandangerwhenasocialmediafirmdoessomethingwithdatathatpeopledon’texpect,evenifusershaveapparentlypermission,showthatthecurrentsituationisn’tworking.Ifproperlyadministered,akitemarkontermsandconditionscouldhelppeoplekno wwhatexactlytheyaresigningupto.Althoughtheywouldstillhavetoactuallyreadthem.73.Whatdoesthephrase“meaninglessdrivel”inparagraphs1and3referto?A.Legalcontractsthatsocialmediafirmsmakepeoplesignupto.B.WarningsfromtheUKgovernmentagainstunsafewebsites.C.Guidelinesonhowtousesocialmediawebsitesproperly.D.Insignificantdatacollectedbysocialmediafirms.74.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatNigelShadboltdoubtswhether﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏.A.socialmediafirmswouldconductasurveyonthekitemarkschemeB.peoplewouldpayasmuchattentiontoakitemarkastheythinkC.akitemarkschemewouldbeworkableonanationwidescaleD.thekitemarkwouldhelpcompaniesdeveloptheirbusinessmodels75.AndrewMillerthinkssocialmedianeedsmoreattentionthanbanksmainlybecause﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏.A.theirusersconsistlargelyofkidsunder20yearsoldB.thelanguageintheircontractsisusuallyhardertounderstandC.theinformationtheycollectedcouldbecomemorevaluableinfutureD.itremainsunknownhowusers’datawillbetakenadvantageof76.Thewriteradvisesusersofsocialmediato﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏.A.thinkcarefullybeforepostinganythingontosuchwebsitesB.readthetermsandconditionsevenifthereisakitemarkC.takenofurtheractioniftheycanfindakitemarkD.avoidprovidingtoomuchpersonalinformation77.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Saynotosocialmedia?B.Newsecurityrulesinoperation?C.Acceptwithoutreading?D.Administrationmatters!SectionCDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatement sinthefewestpossiblewords. Walkingwillbebannedonescalatorsaspartofatraildesignedtireduce congestion(拥堵)atsomeofthecountry’sbusieststations.Inthefirstmoveofitskind,alltravelerswillbeforcedtostandonbothsidesofescalatorso ntheLondonUndergroundaspartofaplantoincrease capacity(容量)attheheightoftherushhour.Axix-monthtrialwillbeintroducedatHolbornstationfrommid-April,eliminatingthe ruleofstandingontherightandwalkingontheleft.Themove,imitatingasimilarstructurei nFareasterncitiessuchasHongKong,isdesignedtoincreasethenumberofpeopleusinglonge scalatorsatthebusiesttimes.itcouldbeexpandedacrosstheTubenetworkincomingyears. AccordingtoLondonUnderground,only40percentoftravelerswalkthefulllengthoflongesc alators,leavingthemajorityatthebottomastheywaittogetontothe“standing“side.Athree-weektrialatHolbornlastyearfoundthatthenumberofpeopleusingescal atorsatanytimeofcouldberaisedbyalmostathird.PeterMcNaught,operationsd irectoratLondonUnderground,said:“Itmaynotseemrightthatyoucangoquickerbystandingstill,butourexperimen tsatHolbornhaveprovedthatitcanbetrue.Thisnewsix-monthtrialwillhelpusf indoutifwecaninfluencecustomerstostandonbothsidesinthelongterm.”HolbornhasoneofthelongestsetsofescalatorsontheUndergroundnetworkat23. 4high.Tubebossesclaimthatcapacitywaslimitedbecausesofewpeoplewantedto walkup—meaningonlyonesidewasusedatalltimes.Researchhasshownthatitismoreeffec tiveuseofescalatorsover18.5tobanwalking. Theprevioustrialfoundthatescalatorsatthestationnormallycarried2,500pe oplebetween8:30amand9:30amonatypicalday,risingto3,250duringtheresearc hingperiod.Inthenewtrial,whichwillbelaunchedfromApril18,oneofthree“up”escalatorswillbestandingonly,withasecondbanningwalkingatpeaktimes.Ath irdwillremainamixofwalkingandstanding.(Note:AnsweringthequestionsthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinNOMOR ETHANTENWORDS.)78.Whatistheexistingproblemwithstandingontherightandwalkingontheleft?79.Whatdidlastyear’sthree-weektrialatHolbornstationprove?80.Theresearchsuggeststhatwalkingshouldbeforbiddenonescalatorsthatare atleast﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏inheight.81.Inthenewtrail,inadditiontooneescalatorbanningwalkinginrushhours,th eother“up”escalatorswillbeusedfor﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏.第II卷(共47分)I.TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebra ckets.1.我真希望自己旳文章有朝一日能见报。

【良心出品】2019年6月上海市秋季高考英语试卷真题

(完整word版)上海高考英语翻译题与答案

Directions：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets。

1、格林先生本周日要去拜访一位朋友，此人精通理财之道。

(who）2、人们是否会推迟退休还有待于讨论(remain）。

3、无论任务多么艰巨，我们都要不遗余力地完成。

（However）4、许多公司在雇佣员工时,相对于能力而言，更看重个性。

（emphasis）5、如果双方在这些事务上能达成共识，就有可能在新的领域进一步合作.（If...)1、Mr. Green is going to visit\see a friend this Sunday, who knows a lot about money matters.2、It remains to be discussed whether people will delay retiring. /Whether people will delay retiring remains to be discussed。

3、However hard the task is, we should spare no efforts to accomplish it。

4、Many companies put more emphasis on personality than on capability when they employ staff members。

5、If both the parties can agree on these issues， they are likely to further cooperate （have further cooperation)in the new field。

Directions：Translate the following sentences into English， using the words given in the brackets.1。

2019年6月上海高考英语试题III. Reading Comprehension(试题,答案)

2019年6月全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海英语试卷III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.We’re told that writing is dying. Typing on keyboards and screens 41 written communication today. Learning cursive (草书), joined-up handwriting was once 42 in schools. But now, not so much. Countries such as Finland have dropped joined-up handwriting lessons in schools 43 typing courses. And in the U. S., the requirement to learn cursive has been left out of core standards since 2013. A few U. S. states still place value on formative cursive educa tion, such as Arizona, but they’re not the 44 .Some experts point out that writing lessons can have indirect 45 . Anne Trubek, author of The History and Uncertain Future of Handwriting, argues that such lessons can reinforce a skill called automaticity. That’s when you’ve perfected a task, and can do it almost without thinking. 46 you extra mental bandwidth to think about or do other things while you’re doing the task. In this sense, Trubek likens handwriting to 47 .“Once you have driven for a while, you don’t 48 think ‘Step on gas now’ (or) ‘Tu rn the steering wheel a bit’,”she explains. “Y ou just do it. That’s what we want children to 49 when learning to write. You and I don’t think‘now make a loop going up for the ‘I’or ‘now look for the letter ‘r’on the keyboard’.” Trubek has written many essays and books on handwriting, and she doesn’t believe it will die out for a very long time, “i f ever”. But she believes students are learning automaticity faster with keyboards than with handwriting: students are learning how to type without looking at the keys at 50 ages, and to type faster than they could write, granting them extra time to think about word choice or sentence structure. In a piece penned (if you’l l pardon the expression) for the New York Times last year, Trubek argued that due to the improved automaticity of keyboards, today’s children may well become better communicators in text as 51 takes up less of their education. This is a(n) 52 that has attracted both criticism and support.She explains that two of the most common arguments she hears from detractors regarding the decline of handwriting is that not 53 it will result in a “loss of hist ory” and a “loss of personal touch”.On the former she 54 that 95% of handwritten manuscripts can’t be read by the average person anyway “that’s why we have paleographers,”she explains, paleography being the study of ancient styles of writing while the latter refers to the warm 55 we give to handwritten personal notes, such as thank-you cards. Some educators seem to agree, at least to an extent.41. A. abandons B. dominates C. enters D. absorbs42. A. compulsory B. opposite C. crucial D. relevant43. A. in want of B. in case of C. in favour of D. in addition to44. A. quantity B. minimum C. quality D. majority45. A. responsibility B. benefits C. resources D. structure46. A. granting B. getting C. bringing D. coming47. A. sleeping B. driving C. reviewing D. operating48. A. eventually B. constantly C. equivalently D. consciously49. A. adopt B. reach C. acquire D. activate50. A. slower B. later C. faster D. earlier51. A. handwriting B. adding C. forming D. understanding52. A. trust B. look C. view D. smile53. A. containing B. spreading C. choosing D. protecting54. A. commits B. counters C. completes D. composes55. A. associations B. resources C. procedures D. interactionsSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AAll I had to do for the two dollars was clean her house for a few hours after school. It was a beautiful house, too, with a plastic-covered sofa and chairs, wall-to-wall blue-and-white carpeting, a white enamel stove, a washing machine and a dryer things that were common in her neighborhood, absent in mine. In the middle of the war, she had butter, sugar, steaks, and seam-up-the-back stockings.I knew how to scrub floors on my knees and how to wash clothes in our zinc tub, but I had never seena Hoover vacuum cleaner or an iron that wasn’t heated by fire.Part of my pride in working for her was earning money I could squander (浪费): on movies, candy, paddleball, jacks, ice-cream cones. But a larger part of my pride was based on the fact that I gave half my wages to my mother, which meant that some of my earnings were used for real things an insurance-policy payment or what was owed to the milkman or the iceman. The pleasure of being necessary to my parents was profound. I was not like the children in folktales: burdensome mouths to feed, nuisances to be corrected, problems so severe that they were abandoned to the forest. I had a status that doing routine chores in my house did not provide and it earned me a slow smile, an approving nod from an adult. Confirmations that I was adultlike, not childlike.In those days, the forties, children were not just loved or liked; they were needed. They could earn money; they could care for children younger than themselves; they could work the farm, take care of the herd, run errands (差事), and much more. I suspect that children aren’t needed in that way now. They are loved, doted on, protected, and helped. Fine, and yet…Little by little, I got better at cleaning her house good enough to be given more to do, much more. I was ordered to carry bookcases upstairs and, once, to move a piano from one side of a room to the other. I fell carrying the bookcases. And after pushing the piano my arms and legs hurt so badly. I wanted to refuse, or at least to complain, but I was afraid she would fire me, and I would lose the freedom the dollar gave me, as well as the standing I had at home although both were slowly being eroded. She began to offer me her clothes, for a price. Impressed by these worn things, which looked simply gorgeous to a little girl who had only two dresses to wear to school, I bought a few. Until my mother asked me if I really wanted to work for castoffs. So I learn ed to say “No, thank you” to a faded sweater offered for a quarter of a week’s pay.Still, I had trouble summoning (鼓起) the courage to discuss or object to the increasing demands she made. And I knew that if I told my mother how unhappy I was she would tell me to quit. Then one day, alone in the kitchen with my father, I let drop a few whines about the job. I gave him details, examples of what troubled me, yet although he listened intently, I saw no sympathy in his eyes. No “Oh, you poor little thing.” Perhaps he understood that what I wanted was a solution to the job, not an escape from it. In any case, he put down his cup of coffee and said, “Listen. You don’t live there. You live here. With your people. Go to work. Get your money. And come on home.”That was what he said. This was what I heard:Whatever the work is, do it well not for the boss but for yourself.You make the job: it doesn’t make you.Your real life is with us, your family.You are not the work you do: you are the person you are.I have worked for all sorts of people since then, geniuses and morons, quick-witted and dull, big-hearted and narrow. I’ve had many kinds of jobs, but since that conversation with my father I have never considered the level of labor to be the measure of myself, and I have never placed the security of a job above the value of home.56. What is the “pleasure” o f the author from the sentence “The pleasure of being necessary to my parents was profound. (par agraph 3)”?A. She was proud as she could earn money for her mother.B. Her own value of being needed.C. She is distinctive from those children in folktales.D. She enjoyed a status of being an adult in her family.57. According to the article, which of the following is true about children in the 1940s and now?A. Children become needed, loved and liked when they are at forty.B. Children in modern times are less likely to be spoiled by parents.C. Children in 1940s are capable as they can handle various daily routine.D. Children in modern times aren’t needed to do daily works any more.58. What did the author’s father make her understand?A. Don’t escape from difficulties at work.B. Whatever decision she made, her father would support her.C. Convey her dissatisfaction with her work.D. Make a distinction between work and life.59. Which of the following corresponds to the author’s views in the passage?A. Don’t regard work achievement as a criterion for evaluating oneself.B. Hard work is a struggle for a better future in your limited life.C. Parents are the best teachers of children.D. Job security is less valuable when compared with family.BGeographers are interested in the spatial patterns observed on earth. Bridging the natural and social sciences, Geography is the interdisciplinary study of environments and how people interact with the environment. It is important to study geog raphy because many of the world’s problems require understanding the interdependence between human activities and the environment. Geography is therefore a beneficial major for students because its theories and methods provide them with analytical skills relevant to occupations focused on solving social and environmental problems. The Department of Geography offers eight majors that help students tailor their focus of study.The Geography-globalization and Development major will provide students with a sophisticated understanding of contemporary global issues and a geographical framework for analyzing key issues involved in national and international development. Reflecting the discipline of geography as a whole, this major emphasizes an integrated approach to studying the relationship of global change to individual and community well-being by combining the benefits of area studies with theoretical and topical investigations in the curriculum.Our department is committed to excellence in both teaching and advising. Several of our faculty members have received teaching awards, and we are known across campus for the quality of our advising. As a geography major, you will meet one-on-one with your faculty advisor every semester during advising week, and you are always welcome to talk with your advisor at any time throughout the semester whenever questions may arise. In addition to advising our students about their academic programs, weprovide timely information about internships, nationally competitive awards, and other opportunities as they arise. Many of our students complete internships and several of our students over the last few years have received nationally competitive awards.For more information about our program, please visit our website, or contact our Undergraduate Chair, whose information is listed above.Admissions InformationFreshmen/First-year AdmissionNo requirements beyond University admission requirements.Change of Program PolicyNo selective or limited admission requirements.External Transfer AdmissionNo requirements beyond University admission requirements.Opportunities Upon GraduationWith a liberal arts degree in Geography globalization and Development, students are prepared for employment in a variety of fields, including non-profit and government work, particularly in the areas of community and international development. This degree will also prepare students well to work in the private sector in an international context. Graduates from this program will also be well situated to continue on to graduate school or law school, with research and professional interest in academic fields, including, but not limited to, geography, public affairs and policy, development studies, and community and regional planning.Browse through dozens of internship opportunities and full-time job postings for Ohio University students and alumni on Handshake, OHIO’s key resource for researching jobs, employers, workshops, and professional development events.60. Who can be selected as the target of the geography course in the passage?A. A freshman who has studied in a university.B. A college student majoring in geography.C. A senior high school graduate interested in geography.D. A high school graduate who wants to find a job61. What are the advantages of choosing the geography major in this university in terms of employment?A. Acquiring skills to solve social and environmental problems.B. Understanding contemporary global issues.C. Getting one-on-one information on geography teaching.D. Achieving more international opportunities.62. Where is the most likely place to read this passage?A. In a magazine.B. On the university website.C. In a geographic journal.D. On the enrollment information network.CComposite image of Europe and North Africa at night, 2016. Credit: NASA Earth Observatory images by Joshua Stevens, using Suomi NPP VIIRS data from Miguel Roman, NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center. Artificial light is often seen as a sign of progress: the march of civilization shines a light in the dark; it takes back the night; it illuminates. But a chorus of scientists and advocates argues that unnaturally bright nights are bad not just for astronomers but also for nocturnal (夜间活动的) animals and even for human health.Now research shows the night is getting even brighter. From 2012 to 2016 the earth’s artificially lit area expanded by an estimated 2.2 percent a year (map), according to a study published last November in Science Advances. Even that increase may understate the problem, however. The measurement excludeslight from most of the energy-efficient LED lamps that have been replacing sodium-vapor technology in cities all over the world, says lead study author Christopher Kyba, a postdoctoral researcher at the German Research Center for Geosciences in Potsdam.The new data came from a NASA satellite instrument called the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS). It can measure long-wavelengths of light, such as those produced by traditional yellow-and-orange sodium-vapor street lamps. But VIRS cannot see the short-wavelength blue light produced by white LEDs. This light has been shown to disrupt human sleep cycles and nocturnal animals’behavior.Credit: Mapping Specialists: Source: “Artificially Lit Surface of Earth at Night Increasing in Radiance and Extent.” by Christopher C. M. Kyba et al. in Science Advances, V ol. 3. No 11, Article No, El701528; November 22, 2017.The team believes the ongoing switch to LEDs caused already bright countries such as Italy, the Netherlands, Spain and the U. S. to register as having stable levels of illumination in the VIIRS data. In contrast, most nations in South America, Africa and Asia brightened, suggesting increases in the use of traditional lighting. Australia actually appeared to lose lit area but the researchers say that is because wildfires skewed the data.“The fact that VIIRS finds an increase (in many countries), despite its blindness in the part of the spectrum that increased more, is very sad,”says Fabiofalchi, a researcher at I taly’s Light Pollution Science and Technology Institute, who did not participate in the study. In 2016 Falchi, along with Kyba and several other members of his research team, published a global atlas of artificial lighting that showed one third of the world’s population currently lives under skies too bright to see the Milky Way at night.The data also cast doubt on the idea that the LED lighting revolution will lead to energy cost savings. Between 2012 and 2016 the median nation pumped out 15 percent more long-wavelength light as its GDP increased by 13 p ercent. And overall, countries’ total light production correlated with their GDP. In other words, Kyba says, “we buy as much light as we are willing to spend money on.”63. Which is not true about the spread of lit areas?A. Lit area expanded by an estimated 2.2 percent a year.B. Artificial light is often seen as a sign of progress.C. The increase in GDP is due to the increase in light.D. It is bad for nocturnal animals and even for human health.64. Which of the following about VIIRS is NOT true according to the passage?A. It is a kind of NASA satellite device.B. It can record and analyze long-wavelength light.C. The blue light generated by white LEDs can disrupt human sleep cycles.D. VIIRS has found an increase of traditional lighting in lots of nations.65. According to the article, what we can know about the LEDs?A. Artificial LED lights at nights are harmful to people’s health.B. It is a sign of civilization in modern society.C. The blue l ight disrupts human and animals’ life cycles.D. Artificially lit surface of Earth increasing because of LEDs.66. The author writes this article to .A. show the VIIRS data from NASAB. demonstrate the significance of VIIRS for its measurement of wavelengthsC. reveal the relationship between wavelength light and GDPD. arouse people’s awareness of light pollutionSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Eachfirst community,” said Adam Ear nhardt, chairman of the communications department at Youngstown State University and co-author of “Sports Fans, Identity and Socialization: Exploring the Fandemonium.”“I don’t care if a Seattle fan moves to China, he or she carries with them their love for the sports teams,” he said. “67 ”68 And when a team begins to catch fire, as with, say, the Mariners in ’95 or the Seahawks of recent vintage, well, it’s easy to get swept up in the wave.“It’s phenomenal,” sai d Simons. “We have this ability to understand other people so remarkably that their victories literally become ours. Our testosterone (睾酮) literally responds to their victory. 69 They’re us, and competing on a literal level as us a little extension of us.”Professor Robert Cialdini at Arizona State University came up with the term BIRG Basking In Reflected Glory to describe the intense pride fans feel when their teams succeed. It can be used as a verb, as in, “Seahawks fans are currently BIRGING up a storm.” The counterpoint, as coined by researchers C. R. Snyder, Mary Anne Lassergard and Carol E, Ford, is the concept of CORFing Cutting Off Reflected Failure. 70 We’ve all heard it in action: We won, but they lost.This leads into another concept, that of cognitive bias, also known as confirmation bias, which causes fans to help explain away defeats by blaming outside factors, such as referees. I’m sure it would also help explain why Seahawks fans rallied around Richard Sherman after his postgame interview, rationalizing behavior that was widely criticized by many fans with no vested interest. It could also explain the notion of “eustress”, invented by endocrinologist Hans Selye to refer to a combination of euphoria (极度愉快的心情) and stress, such as that resulting from watching te nse sporting events. Indeed, it’s much of the appeal.参考答案III. Reading Comprehension (共45分。

2019全国高考(上海卷)英语部分真题及材料(word 精校版).

全国高考（上海卷）英语部分真题及材料（Word精校版）听力Section A:1. M: Good morning. can I help you?W; Yes, this dress's too long, would you please shorten it for me?!Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?2. W: Jack, you look tired!M:Yes,I've got a pile of work to do, but it gives me a great sense of achievementQ: What can we learn about the man?3. W: John, what's up? Why are you standing on the desk?M: The light suddenly went off! The bulb must have hurnt out!Q: What is the man most probably doing?4. W: I'll lake this room. How much is the rent?M: Well, ＄200 each month. You need to pay 3-month rent in advance, plus a deposit of ＄100.Q: According to the man, how much should the woman pay in total?5. W; I'll take an interview for a part-time librarian tomorrow.M: Don't worry. Others will stand no chance if you take the interview.Q: How does the man feel about the woman's chance of getting the job?6. M: I couldn't sleep at all last night. The bed is not comfortable.W: Don't blame the bed. You should stop drinking wine.Q: What docs the woman imply?7. W: Andy, 1 bought a shirt for you.M: Thank you. I hope you kept the receipt, I've put on some weight.Q: What does the man imply?8. W: I'm terribly sorry. But your flight has been canceled.M: What? In that case, I hope you will put me out somewhere tonightO: what does the man expect the woman to do for him?9.W: A new hotel is looking for workers. They need 300 new workers, but over 4000 people showed up.M: I saw the news on TV. I still have my job. Thank goodness!Q: What are the speakers talking about?10. W: Professor Smith explained the Physics problem very clearly,M: Did he? Unfortunately, it's still all Greek to meQ: what can we learn from the conversation?Section B:Passage I;With a fascinating past and more than four centuries of history, St Augustine is one of the nation’s oldest cities--- and an American treasure. Located on Florida's Atlantic coast, it is home to many fine examples of European architecture and wild scenic views.In 1513, while looking for the storied Fountain of Youth, explorer Juan Ponce de leon found this land and claimed it for Spain Then, in 1563, a Spanish conqueror established a settlement here and named it St, Augustine. Except for a 20-year period of English rule, Florida remained underSpanish rule until the united States took control in 182 I.In the years after its founding, the city St. Augustine was attacked by the French and English, and by Native Americans, who are said to have shot flaming arrows at the city's defensive building, setting it on fire. More recently, nature has stricken the region with successive hurricanes--- Matthew in 2016 and Irma in 2017. Still, St. Augustine endures. As the region recovers, visitors shouldn't overlook it.St. Augustine has suffered much in its long history. Hopefully, visitors will come and perhaps support the Florida coast's recovery while discovering its centuries of history and miles of coastal beauty .11. Which country first governed Florida in history?12 Which of the following statements is true about St, Augustine?13 What is the passage mainly about?Passage 2:Transport for London has a lost property office which collects the items left behind as people flow through the city's transport system each day. It is the biggest lost property office in Europe, beaten globally only by Tokyo's. Sixty-five staff sort through hundreds of thousands of lost and forgotten items each at the office, which is run by Paul Cowan. According to the latest data, Cowan's team dealt with over three hundred thousand items in the first quarter of the year. As the data reveals, very few are claimed. For example, of the nearly 13, 000 keys handed into lost property last year, just under I, 400 were returned to their owners, says Cowan. Overall, twenty percent of stock is claimed within three month. After that time, stock becomes the property of transport for London, and it's not necessarily the items you'd expect, A wander through the three-basement floor that make up the lost property office gives us an idea of what we value enough to recover and what we're happy to let go. Cowan has discovered something interesting about the complexity of lost shoes. He said, if you have one shoe, you are more likely to go looking for the other. If you lose two shoes. well. it's slightly out of sight. out of mind. He guesses many people regard loss as an opportunity t0 treat themselves to something new.14.What is the passage main about?15. Which of the following is true of the lost item?16. According to Cowan, why don't some people get their lost shoes back?完形填空When 17-year-old Quattro Musser hangs out with friends, they don't drink beer or cruise around in cars with their dates. Rather, they stick to G-rated activities such as rock-climbing or talking about books.They are in good company, according to a new study showing that teenagers are increasingly delaying activities that had long been seen as rites of passage into adulthood. The study, published Tuesday in the journal Child Development, found that the percentage of adolescents in the U,S. who have a driver's license, who have tried alcohol, who date, and who work for pay has plummeted since 1976, with the most precipitous decreases in the past decade.The declines appeared across race. Geographic and socioeconomic lines, and in rural,urban, and suburban areas.To be sure. more than half of teens still engage in these activities, but the majorities have slimmed considerably. Between 1976 and 1979, 86 percent of high school seniors had gone on a date: between 2010 and 2015 only 63 percent had, the study found."People say, 'Oh, it's because teenagers are more responsible, or more lazy, or more boring' but they re missing the larger trend," said Jean Twenge, lead author of the study, which drew on seven large time-lag surveys of Americans. Rather, she said, kids may be less interested in activities such as dating, driving or getting jobs because in today's society they no longer need to.According to an evolutionary psychology theory that a person's "life strategy" slows down or speeds up depending on his or her surroundings exposure to a "harsh and unpredictable" environment leads to faster development, while a more resource-rich and secure environment has the opposite effect, the study said. In the first scenario. "You'd have a lot of kids and be in survival mode. start having kids young, expect your kids will have kids young, and expect that there will be more diseases and fewer resources," said Twenge, a psychology professor at SanDiego State University who is the author of "iGen: Why Today's Super-Connected Kids Are Growing Up Less Rebellious. More Tolerant. Less Happy--and Completely Unprepared for Adulthood."A century ago, when life expectancy was lower and college education less prevalent, "the goal back then was survival, not violin lessons by 5." Twenge said.In that model a teenage boy might be thinking more seriously about marriage. and driving a car and working for pay would be important for "establishing mate value based on procurement of resources," the study said.But America is shifting more toward the slower model, and the change is apparent across-the socioeconomic spectrum, Twenge said. "Even in families whose parents didn't have a college education... families are smaller, and the idea that children need to be carefully nurtured has really sunk in."The postponement of"adult activities" could not be attributed to more homework or extracurricular activities, the study said, noting that teens today spend fewer hours on homework and the same amount of time on extracurricular as they did in the 1990s (with the exception of community service. which has risen slightly). Nor could the use of smart phones and the Internet be entirely the cause, the report said, since the decline began before they were widely available.部分填词: rather/ adulthood/ decreases/ options/ majorities/ missing/ interested in/surrounded/ opposite/ case/ diseases/ seriously/ carefully/ slower/ educated/ postponement/ cause阅读理解AApparently. the idea of money that's not tied to a specific bank -- or a specific country -- is appealing to many. But it's worth remembering that the banking system that we now all live with is just that: A modern invention. Not so long ago, money was almost always created and used locally, and bartering w as common (In fact, it still is common among many online local networks, like the Buy Nothing Project)In the past, money's makeup varied from place to place, depending on what was considered valuable there. So while some of the world's first coins were made from a naturally occurring hybrid of gold and silver called electrum, objects other than coins have served as currency,including beads, ivory. livestock, and cowrie shells. In West Africa. bracelets of bronze or copper were used as cash, especially if the transaction was associated with the slave trade there.Throughout the colonial period, tobacco was used in lieu of coins or paper bills in Virginia, Maryland and North Carolina, even though it was used elsewhere in the colonies and extensively throughout Europe and the U.K.Today, on an island in the Pacific, a specific type of shell still serves as currency - and some people there are even hoarding it, just like Bitcoin moguls, convinced that one day, it will make them wealthy beyond imagination.On Malaita, the most-populated island that's part of the Solomon Islands, shells are accepted at most places in exchange for goods"How much tuna you can get for your shells depends on their color and shape." Mary Bruno,a shop owner from the small town of Auki, on Malaita, told Vice.e "One strip of darker shells might get you about two cans of smaller tuna, but the red ones are worth more. For the red ones,one strip might get enough tuna to feed a big family for a long time."Just like a mint that creates coins, there's only one place on the island where the shells,which are polished and strung together to form 3-foot-long ropes, are made. (You can see how that works in the video above.) The strips of red, white, and black shells all come from LangaLanga Lagoon, where artificial islands were long-ago built by locals to escape from the island-dwelling cannibals. Once marooned out on their islands, locals needed a currency to use among themselves, and so the shell currency was born.Using shells for money was common throughout the Pacific islands as late as the early 1900s, but Malaita is unique in that they are still used today. And just like cryptocurrencies, there are those who think the islanders are smart to invest in this type of money, which is reported to have risen in value over the last three decades. 1t might seem strange to hoard a bunch of processed, strung-together shells, but what is a pile of dollars? Just a specially printed piece of paper and hemp that we' ve assigned value to and probably less durable over time than those shells.BHow do you move a giant Sequoia?Boise, Idaho, recently relocated a century-old, living tree provided by John Muir.Inhabitants of Boise, Idaho, watched with trepidation earlier this year as the city's oldest, tallest resident moved two blocks. The l05-year-old sequoia tree serves as a local landmark, not only for its longevity but also because renowned naturalist and Sienra Club co-founder John Muir provided the original seedling. So, when Saint Luke's Health System found that the 10-story-tallconifer stood in the way of its planned hospital expansion, officials called tree-moving firm Environmental Design.The Texas-based company has developed and patented scooping and lifting technology to move massive trees. Weighing in at more than 800,000 pounds, the Boise sequoia is its largest undertaking yet. “I had lost enough sleep over this," says David Cox, the company's Western region vice president- and that was before the hospital mentioned the tree's distinguished origin.Before the heavy lifting began, the team assessed the root system and dug a five-foot-deep cylinder, measuring 40 feet in diameter, around the trunk to protect all essential roots, After encapsulating the root ball in wire mesh, the movers allowed the tree to acclimate to its new situation for seven months before relocating it. The illustration details what followed.CThe budget line is an elementary concept that most consumers understand intuitively without a need for graphs and equations -- it's the household budget, for example.Taken informally, the budget line describes the boundary of affordability for a given budget and specific goods.One of the interesting ways the study of economics relates to human behavior generally is that a lot of economic theory is the formalization of the kind of simple concept outlined above --a consumer's informal understanding of the amount she has to spend and what that amount will buy.In the process of formalization, the concept can be expressed as a mathematical equation that can be applied generally.To understand this, think of a graph where the vertical lines quantify how many movie tickets you can buy and where the horizontal lines do the same for crime novels. You like going to the movies and reading crime novels and you have $150 to spend. In the example below, assume that each movie costs $ 10 and each crime novel costs $15. The more formal economics term for these two items is budget set.If movies cost $10 each, then the maximum number of movies you can see with the money available is 15. To note this you make a dot at the number 15 (for total movie tickets) at the extreme left-hand side of the chart. This same dot appears at the extreme left above "O" on the horizontal axis because you have no money left for books -- the number of books available in this example is 0.You can also graph the other extreme -- all crime novels and no movies. Since crime novels in the example cost $15 and you have $150 available, if you spend all the available money crime novels, you can buy 10. So you put a dot on the horizontal axis at the number 10.You'll place the dot at the bottom of the vertical axis because in this instance you have $0available for movie tickets.If you now draw a line from the highest, leftmost dot to the lowest, rightmost dot you'll have created a budget line. Any combination of movies and crime novels that falls below the budget line is affordable. Any combination above it is not.六选四文章网址；/Magazine_articles%3A_More_valuable_than_you_may_think.html 翻译部分：1. 他们中的哪一个可能做过排球教练?参考译文：Who may have been a volleyball coach among them?2.我看到他换上徒步鞋，走向了草坪。

2019年6月上海市秋季高考英语试卷真题

2019年6⽉上海市秋季⾼考英语试卷真题2019年6⽉上海市秋季⾼考英语试卷真题I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.M: Is there a new bookstore on Fuzhou Road?W: Yes, it's got very good novels of the 20thcentury.O: What are the speakers mainly talking about2. W: Mike, are you OK?M: I injured my back yesterday just by sneezing. My doctor said I need surgeryO: What can be learned about the man?3. M: Which team are you going to support?W: You're not going to talk about football again, are you? That's itQ: How does the woman feel about discussing footbal1?4.M: Mary is not in the company. Has she returned from Xi'an vet?W: Yes. but before she went to Chengdu yesterday, she had been home for only one day.Q: Where is Mary Now?5.M: What? Steven is drinking orange juice.W: You cannot believe it. Now. he's careful about what he eats and takes regular exercise.O: What does the woman imply about Steven?6.M: I've moved the flower into the garden and watered it every day. How come it is still not doing well?W: Well, why not add some fertilizer? Maybe that'll helpQ: According to the woman. what may the flower need？7.M: Wow, you won the first prize in the writing contest. You haven't taken any courses on reading and writing.W: But I've been keeping a diary since childhood.O: According to the woman, what helped her win the contest?8.M: You like tennis so much. Why not take some lessons? They start next week.W: How am I going to fit that into my crowded schedule?Q: What does the woman mean?9.W: Walk to the park? You must be kidding! It takes only five minutes to drive there.M: If I had remembered to charge my car.O: What can be learned about the man?10. W: You've been dealing with that budget report for nearly an hour. Anything wrong?M: I keep adding and reading the numbers. but they just don't balance.Q: What is the man doing?Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two passages and a longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the question will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.It's common for you, nonfiction writers, to go forth into an area you know little about. You may worry that you are not qualified to bring the story back. I feel that anxiety every time I start a new project. I felt it when I went to Bradenton to write my baseball book Spring training. Although I've been a baseball fan all my life, I had never done any sports reportin g, never interviewed a professional athlete. Any of the man I approached with a notebook could have asked. What else have you written about baseball? But nobody did.They didn't ask, because I was sincere. It was obvious to those man that I really wanted t o know how they did their work. Remember this. when you enter a new area and need a shot of confidence, what matters is how you do it. Also remember that your assignment may not be as narrow as you think. Often it will turn out to touch some unexpected cor ner of your experience or your education, enabling you to broaden the story with strength of your own. Every such production of the unfamiliar will reduce your fear.Questions:11. According to the speaker. when may non-fiction writers feel worried？12. Why didn't nobody in Bradenton to care about what the speaker had written before?13. According to the speaker, how does non-fiction writers' experience or education benefit them?Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following talk.The accepted definition of creativity is production of something original and useful, and it is commonly thought that creativity occurs on the right side of the brain, and the arts play an important role in enhancing it. But according to a new research, creativity isn't abou t freedom from concrete facts.Rather, fact-finding is vital in the creative process. It's the result of both sides of your brain working together. To understand this. we need to take a look at what leads to creativity. When you try to solve a problem, you begin by concentrating on obvious facts and familiar solutions to see if the answer lies there. This is done mostly by the left side However, if the answer doesn't come, the right and left sides of the brain activate together. The right side scans remote memories that could be vaguely relevantA wide range of distant information that is normally ignored becomes available to the left side. Then the left side catches whatever connection it may have with the problem. and quickly locks in on it before it escapes. With extremely focused attention, the brain quickly pulls together these pieces of thought and combines them into a new single idea, as the brain recognizes the originality of what it has come up with. a sense of pleasure will arise.Questions14. What do people commonly think of creativity?15. According to the passage, how does the left side of the brain contribute to creative process?16. What is the passage mainly about?Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.W: Hello. Peter. I heard you worked in a remote village last monthM: Yes, as a volunteer teaching in a primary school in southeastern China.W: A good choice for the summer vacationM: For me, it's not only a choice, but a responsibility.W: You're right. What can a volunteer generally do?M: Many things, like creating a change in the surroundings, providing shelter and food to the needy ones.W: So you mean volunteering is not just donating cash or things?M: Right! We prefer to call that charityW: How did you come up with the idea of volunteering?M: It was my father. He used to supervise a volunteer program in a non-profit art gallery. w. Was it a full-time job for him? M: No, in fact. a part time job. He went to the gallery nearly every weekend.W: Wow. this requires great passionM: Sure. The best way to volunteer is to get involved in activities we are passionate about W: Have you had any difficulties as a volunteer?M: Definitely! Lack of respect, acknowledgement, and lack of funds now and thenW: Oh, my! Many obstacles!M: So the most important spirit is perseveranceW: I'd like to join you someday.M: Any time.Questions17. What are the two speakers mainly talking about?18. What volunteer service did the man's father do?19. What does the man think is the best way to volunteer?20. According to the man. which of the following is the most important for a volunteer?。

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2019年6月上海高考英语真题（翻译部分）
1.他们中谁可能担任过排球教练？〔may〕
【考点】may have done
【词汇】担任——be；work as；serve as。

排球教练——volleyball coach〔trainer也可以，但球队教练一般用coach〕
或用动词：coach a volleyball team
【难点】她们〝中〞：among/of them
参考译文：Who among them may have coached a volleyball team?
2.我看到他换上徒步鞋，走向草坪。

〔make for〕
【考点】see sb. do sth.〔或可用从句see that...〕
【词汇】换上——change into；put on
徒步鞋——hiking/trekking/walking boots/shoes〔hiking/trekking较地道〕
草坪——lawn/green belt；meadow/grassland〔一般指草场、牧场〕
【难点】〝换上〞、〝走去〞两个动词的处理：and并列。

参考译文：I saw him change into hiking boots and walk toward the lawn.
3.妈妈给自己设闹钟六小时响一次，以提醒她为宝宝量体温。

〔reminder〕
【考点】as a reminder to do/of sth./that...
【词汇】设置闹钟六个小时响一次——set the alarm clock to ring every six hours
【难点】〝提醒自己〞用名词表达：a reminder for herself
参考译文：Mom sets the alarm clock to ring every six hours as a reminder for herself to take the baby’s temperature.
4.在这个村庄，他们吃饭只吃八分i饱，但这个健康的饮食习惯最开始是为了解决食物短缺。

〔until〕
【考点】until可以用在〝eat until they are satisfied〞；或keep the habit...until they have abundant food
【词汇】八分饱——eat 30% less；leave off with an appetite；(not)eat until they are full等
应对……困境——cope with/deal with/respond to；或介词against/in reaction to/in response to...每餐——for every single meal；each meal
【难点】防止冗余的翻译：如deal with the lack of food〔缺少食物的困境〕；healthy eating habit、
或healthy diet〔健康的饮食习惯〕；〔通常每餐吃八分饱〕
参考译文：People in this village usually eat until they are satisfied，but this healthy diet came from the shortage of food in the early days.。

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