[实用参考]介词及基本用法.docx
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“介词”和“介词短语”的秘密
——45个基本介词的用法
1、about
【原始含义】
a-b-out“A在B外面”
【引申含义】
[prep]
(1)在…到处,在…各处hereandthere
eg:Wewanderedaboutthetownforanhourorso. Helookedabouttheroom.
(2)在…附近neGttoaplace
eg.Shelivesabouttheoffice.
(3)关于inconnectionwith
eg:abookaboutEnglishstudP
Idon’tknowwhat Pouaretalkingabout. [adv]
(1)大约closeto
eg:Weleftthereabout10o’clock. Itcostsabout500dollars.
(2)到处,各处
eg:Thechildrenwererushingaboutinthegarden. (3)在附近
eg:Thereisnofoodabout.
【常见搭配】
作介词时的搭配:
一.动词+(about+名词)
(1)arrange(aboutsth)安排关于某事
(2)argue(aboutsth)讨论某事
(3)ask(aboutsth)询问关于某事
(4)boast(aboutsb/sth)吹嘘...
(5)care(aboutsb/sth)关心…,对…感兴趣(6)chat(aboutsth)谈论某事
(7)complain(aboutsb/sth)抱怨…
(8)dream(aboutsb/sth)梦见某人/某物(9)go(aboutsth)着手做...;从事...
(10)hear(aboutsth)听说...
(11)know(aboutsth)了解...
(12)learn(aboutsth)得知某事
(13)put(aboutsth)散布(谣言等)
(14)quarrel(aboutsth) 为...争吵
(15)see(aboutsth) 负责处理...
(16)talk(aboutsth)谈论...
(17)think(aboutsth)考虑..
(18)warnsb(aboutsth)告诫某人关于某事(19)wonder(aboutsb/sth) 对..好奇(20)worrP(aboutsb/sth)对...担心
二、名词+(about+名词)
(1)concern(aboutsb/sth) 对…的关心/关怀
(2)curiositP(aboutsb/sth)对…的好奇
(3)doubt(aboutsb/sth) 对…的怀疑
(4)ethusiasm(aboutsth)对…的热情
(5)information(aboutsb/sth)关于…的信息
(6)remark(aboutsth) 对…的评论
(7)opinion(aboutsth) 对…的意见
(8)view(aboutsb/sth)对...的观点
三、be+adj+(about+名词)
(1)beangrP(aboutsth) 为…而生气
(2)beanGious(aboutsth) 为…忧虑
(3)becareful(aboutsth) 当心…
(4)becautious(aboutsth)谨防...;对...持谨慎态度
(5)becertain(aboutsth) 确信关于某事
(6)becurious(aboutsth) 对…感到好奇
(7)bedisappointed(aboutsth) 对…感到失望(8)beeGcited(aboutsth) 对…感到兴奋(9)beglad/happP(aboutsth) 对…感到高兴(10)behopeful(aboutsth) 对…抱有希望(11)becrazP/mad/wild(aboutsth)
对…痴狂;酷爱某事
(12)benervous(aboutsth)
为…感到不安/因...感到紧张
(13)beoptimistic/positive(aboutsth)
对...是积极乐观的
(14)beparticular(aboutsb/sth) 对...讲究,挑剔(15)besad(aboutsth) 为…而难过(16)beserious(aboutsth) 对…认真(17)besorrP(aboutsth)对...抱歉
作副词时的搭配:
名词+动词+about
(1)sthcomeabout某事发生
(2)sthgetabout某事(尤指消息等)传开
(3)sbturnabout某人转身
(4)sbwanderabout某人徘徊,游荡
(5)sbwalkabout 某人走来走去
2、above
【原始含义】
a-b-over“A在B上方”
【引申含义】prep.
(1)在…上方atortoahigherplacethansth/sb
eg:Thesunroseabovethehorizon.
(2)数目大于…/重量超过…/价格(能力、地位)高于…morethansth.;greaterinnumber,leveloragethansb./sth. eg:Thereisnothinginthestoreabove50cents.
(3)重要性或质量超过、胜过ofgreaterimportanceorofhigherqualitPthansb/sth eg.IrateherabovemostotherplaPersofherage.
(4)声音超过…louderorclearerthananothersound