英语中可以做形容词的分词

一个不熟悉的城市可能是件令人害怕的事.

本句中的frightening 是现在分词,做形容词用,表示"令人害怕的".现在分词和过去分词均可做形容词用, 他们分别的意思是不一样的.

现在分词: 令人....的; 正在.....的(即将.....的)

过去分词: 感到....的; 已经.....的

如普通形容词一样,分词可置于be动词后做表语; 或可置于名词前,修饰该名词.

1). 令人...的/ 感到.... 的

eg . It's a tiring trip . 这是很累人的一段行程.

He was tired after the long walk . 走完这段好长的路后,他感到累了.

The news is encouraging . 这条消息令人振奋.

I was encouraged when I heard the news. 我听到这消息时感到很振奋.

2).正在....的(即将....的) / 已经.....的

eg . The retiring teacher made a farewell speech . 这位即将退休的老师作了一次告别演说.

The retired teacher was invited to give a speech yesterday. 这位退休老师昨天应邀发表演说.

Don't tuch the boiling water. 别碰那正在沸腾的水.

You should drink boiled water. 你应当喝开水. *. 另外上句中being分词短语做主语,表示已知的经验; 而不定式也可做主语,表示一个目的,未知的,尚未完成的.

eg. Collecting stamps is my hobby. 集邮是我的爱好. To master English is my purpose. 掌握英语是我的目的.

形容词化的分词主要集中在过去分词，从分词作状语、表语、定语及补语的角度来设题。在通常情况下，过去分词与其逻辑主语之间在语态上已不再体现被动含义，而在句中表示主语存在的某种状态，说明人称主语或事物是什么样或看上去是什么样子, 常见的形容词化的分词有：

located(位于), dressed(表示衣着情况), lost(消失、陷入、迷路等), faced with(面对), seated(坐着的), born(出生的), pleased(高兴的), delighted(快乐的), tired(疲劳、厌烦的), confused(迷惑的), amazed(惊奇的), excited(激动的),

devoted(热爱、忠实的、专心致志于、献身于), interested(感兴趣的), bored(烦恼的), annoyed(厌烦的), upset(心烦意乱的), impressed(铭记在心的、感人的), satisfied(满意的), worried(担心的), surprised(惊讶的), embarrassed(尴尬的、难为情的), amused(高兴、开心的), depressed(抑郁的), astonished(惊异的、吃惊的), frightened(惊吓、害怕的), relaxed(放松的)等。例如：

Please be seated, gentlemen!

Shelly, astonished, urged her to explain.

New arts have been born in the course of the history of man.

His thin face had a worried look.

He was lying in the sun looking very relaxed and happy.

I grew excited, red-eared and a little frightened.

We are all very pleased about John’s s uccess in his scholarship examination.

She felt confused, even frightened.

He looked tired, and I did not like to disturb him. 过去分词（past participle）作为形容词

在完成式中，我们要用过去分词，过去分词也可以作为形容

词，以下是一些例子：

a broken window （破碎的窗）

a fallen angel （堕落的天使）

a fallen star （已经不走红的明星）

a depressed person （一个沮丧的人）

a much appreciated action （为人很欣赏的动作）

究竟过去分词和现在分词何不同呢？

过去分词多半有动被和已经完成的意思。

最很的例子是：开发中家叫做a developing country，发达国家就叫做a developed country

以下的例子可以解释过去分词和现在分词的不同：

1. (a)这本书很有趣

This book is interesting.

(b)我对这本书很有兴趣

I am interested in this book.

2. (a)这是一部令人沮丧的电拍照

This is a depressing movie.

(b)我看了这部电拍照以後，感到非常沮丧。

I felt very much depressed after seeing that movie.

3. (a)结果令人失望

The result is frustrating.

(b)他因这个结果而非常失望