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金属材料专业英语词汇

金属材料专业英语词汇

Material Science 材料科学Material Science Definition 材料科学定义Machinability[məʃi:nə'biliti]加工性能Strength .[streŋθ]强度Corrosion & resistance durability.[kə'rəʊʒən] &[ri'zistəns] .[ 'djʊrə'bɪlətɪ] 抗腐蚀及耐用Special metallic features 金属特性Allergic, re-cycling & environmental protection 抗敏感及环境保护Chemical element 化学元素Atom of Elements 元素的原子序数Atom and solid material 原子及固体物质Atom Constitutes 原子的组织图Periodic Table 周期表Atom Bonding 原子键结合Metal and Alloy 金属与合金Ferrous & Non Ferrous Metal 铁及非铁金属Features of Metal 金属的特性Crystal Pattern 晶体结构Crystal structure, Space lattice & Unit cell 晶体结构,定向格子及单位晶格X – ray crystal analytics method X线结晶分析法Metal space lattice 金属结晶格子Lattice constant 点阵常数Mill's Index 米勒指数Metal Phase and Phase Rule金相及相律Solid solution 固熔体Substitutional type solid solution 置换固熔体Interstitial solid solution 间隙固熔体Intermetallic compound 金属间化合物Transformation 转变Transformation Point 转变点Magnetic Transformation 磁性转变Allotropic Transformation 同素转变Thermal Equilibrium 热平衡Degree of freedom 自由度Critical temperature 临界温度Eutectic 共晶Peritectic [.peri’tekti k] Temperature包晶温度Peritectic Reaction 包晶反应Peritectic Alloy 包晶合金Hypoeutectic Alloy 亚共晶体Hypereutectic Alloy 过共晶体Plastic Deformation 金属塑性Slip Plan 滑动面Distortion 畸变Work Hardening 硬化Annealing 退火Crystal Recovery 回复柔软Recrystallization 再结晶Properties & testing of metal 金属材料的性能及试验Chemical Properties 化学性能Physical Properties 物理性能Magnetism 磁性Specific resistivity & specific resistance 比电阻Specific gravity & specific density比重Specific Heat比热热膨胀系数 Coefficient of thermal expansion导热度 Heat conductivity机械性能 Mechanical properties屈服强度(降伏强度) (Yield strength)弹性限度、杨氏弹性系数及屈服点 elastic limit, Young’s module of elasticity to yield point伸长度 Elongation断面缩率 Reduction of area破坏性检验 destructive inspections渗透探伤法 Penetrate inspection磁粉探伤法 Magnetic particle inspection放射线探伤法 Radiographic inspection超声波探伤法 Ultrasonic inspection显微观察法 Microscopic inspection破坏的检验 Destructive Inspection冲击测试 Impact Test疲劳测试 Fatigue Test蠕变试验Creep Test潜变强度 Creeps Strength第一潜变期 Primary Creep第二潜变期 Secondary Creep第三潜变期 Tertiary Creep主要金属元素之物理性质 Physical properties of major Metal Elements工业标准及规格–铁及非铁金属 Industrial Standard – Ferrous & Non – ferrous Metal磁力 Magnetic简介 General软磁 Soft Magnetic硬磁 Hard Magnetic磁场 Magnetic Field磁性感应 Magnetic Induction导磁率[系数,性] Magnetic Permeability磁化率 Magnetic Susceptibility (Xm)磁力(Magnetic Force)及磁场 (Magnetic Field)是因物料里的电子 (Electron)活动而产生抗磁体、顺磁体、铁磁体、反铁磁体及亚铁磁体 Diamagnetism, Paramagnetic, Ferromagnetisms, Antiferromagnetism & Ferrimagnetisms抗磁体 Diamagnetism磁偶极子 Dipole负磁力效应 Negative effect顺磁体 Paramagnetic正磁化率 Positive magnetic susceptibility铁磁体 Ferromagnetism转变元素 Transition element交换能量 Positive energy exchange外价电子 Outer valence electrons化学结合 Chemical bond自发上磁 Spontaneous magnetization磁畴 Magnetic domain相反旋转 Opposite span比较抗磁体、顺磁体及铁磁体 Comparison of Diamagnetism, Paramagnetic & Ferromagnetism反铁磁体 Antiferromagnetism亚铁磁体 Ferrimagnetism磁矩 magnetic moment净磁矩 Net magnetic moment钢铁的主要成份 The major element of steel钢铁用"碳"之含量来分类 Classification of Steel according to Carbon contents铁相 Steel Phases钢铁的名称 Name of steel铁素体Ferrite渗碳体 Cementitle奥氏体 Austenite珠光体及共析钢 Pearlite &Eutectoid奥氏体碳钢 Austenite Carbon Steel单相金属 Single Phase Metal共释变态 Eutectoid Transformation珠光体 Pearlite亚铁释体 Hyppo-Eutectoid初释纯铁体 Pro-entectoid ferrite过共释钢 Hype-eutectoid粗珠光体 Coarse pearlite中珠光体 Medium Pearlite幼珠光体 Fine pearlite磁性变态点 Magnetic Transformation钢铁的制造 Manufacturing of Steel连续铸造法 Continuous casting process电炉 Electric furnace均热炉 Soaking pit全静钢 Killed steel半静钢 Semi-killed steel沸腾钢(未净钢) Rimmed steel钢铁生产流程 Steel Production Flow Chart钢材的熔铸、锻造、挤压及延轧 The Casting, Fogging, Extrusion, Rolling & Steel熔铸 Casting锻造 Fogging挤压 Extrusion延轧Rolling冲剪 Drawing & stamping特殊钢以元素分类Classification of Special Steel according to Element特殊钢以用途来分类 Classification of Special Steel according to End Usage 易车(快削)不锈钢 Free Cutting Stainless Steel含铅易车钢 Leaded Free Cutting Steel含硫易车钢 Sulphuric Free Cutting Steel硬化性能 Hardenability钢的脆性 Brittleness of Steel低温脆性 Cold brittleness回火脆性 Temper brittleness日工标准下的特殊钢材 Specail Steel according to JIS Standard铬钢–日工标准 JIS G4104 Chrome steel to JIS G4104铬钼钢钢材–日工标准 G4105 62 Chrome Molybdenum steel to JIS G4105镍铬–日工标准 G4102 63 Chrome Nickel steel to JIS G4102镍铬钼钢–日工标准 G4103 64 Nickel, Chrome & Molybdenum Steel to JIS G4103高锰钢铸–日工标准 High manganese steel to JIS standard片及板材 Chapter Four-Strip, Steel & Plate冷辘低碳钢片(双单光片)(日工标准 JIS G3141) 73 - 95 Cold Rolled (Low carbon) Steel Strip (to JIS G 3141)简介 General美材试标准的冷辘低碳钢片 Cold Rolled Steel Strip American Standard – American Society for testing and materials (ASTM)日工标准 JIS G3141冷辘低碳钢片 (双单光片)的编号浅释 Decoding of cold rolled(Low carbon)steel strip JIS G3141材料的加工性能 Drawing ability硬度 Hardness表面处理 Surface finish冷辘钢捆片及张片制作流程图表 Production flow chart cold rolled steel coil sheet冷辘钢捆片及张片的电镀和印刷方法 Cold rolled steel coil & sheet electro-plating & painting method冷辘(低碳)钢片的分类用途、工业标准、品质、加热状态及硬度表 End usages, industrial standard, quality, condition and hardness of cold rolled steel strip硬度及拉力 Hardness & Tensile strength test拉伸测试(顺纹测试) Elongation test杯突测试(厚度: 0.4公厘至 1.6公厘,准确至 0.1公厘 3个试片平均数 ) Erichsen test (Thickness: 0.4mm to 1.6mm, figure round up to 0.1mm)曲面(假曲率) Camber厚度及阔度公差 Tolerance on Thickness & Width平坦度(阔度大于 500公厘,标准回火 ) Flatness (width>500mm, temper: standard)弯度 Camber冷辘钢片储存与处理提示 General advice on handling & storage of cold rolled steel coil & sheet 防止生锈 Rust Protection生锈速度表 Speed of rusting焊接 Welding气焊 Gas Welding埋弧焊 Submerged-arc Welding电阻焊 Resistance Welding冷辘钢片(拉力: 30-32公斤/平方米)在没有表面处理状态下的焊接状况 Spot welding conditions for bared (free from paint, oxides etc) Cold rolled mild steel sheets(T/S:30-32 Kgf/ µ m2)时间效应(老化)及拉伸应变 Aging & Stretcher Strains日工标准(JIS G3141)冷辘钢片化学成份 Chemical composition – cold rolled steel sheet to JIS G3141冷辘钢片的"理论重量"计算方程式 Cold Rolled Steel Sheet – Theoretical mass 日工标准(JIS G3141)冷辘钢片重量列表 Mass of Cold-Rolled Steel Sheet to JIS G3141冷辘钢片订货需知Ordering of cold rolled steel strip/sheet其它日工标准冷轧钢片(用途及编号) JIS standard & application of other cold Rolled Special Steel电镀锌钢片或电解钢片Electro-galvanized Steel Sheet/Electrolytic Zinc Coated Steel Sheet电解/电镀锌大大增强钢片的防锈能力Galvanic Action improving Weather & Corrosion Resistance of the Base Steel Sheet上漆能力 Paint Adhesion电镀锌钢片的焊接 Welding of Electro-galvanized steel sheet点焊 Spot welding滚焊 Seam welding电镀锌(电解)钢片 Electro-galvanized Steel Sheet生产流程 Production Flow Chart常用的镀锌钢片(电解片)的基层金属、用途、日工标准、美材标准及一般厚度 Base metal, application, JIS & ASTM standard, and Normal thickness of galvanized steel sheet锌镀层质量 Zinc Coating Mass表面处理 Surface Treatment冷轧钢片 Cold-Rolled Steel Sheet/Strip热轧钢片 Hot-Rolled Sheet/Strip电解冷轧钢片厚度公差 Thickness Tolerance of Electrolytic Cold-rolled sheet热轧钢片厚度公差 Thickness Tolerance of Hot-rolled sheet冷轧或热轧钢片阔度公差 Width Tolerance of Cold or Hot-rolled sheet长度公差 Length Tolerance理论质量 Theoretical Mass锌镀层质量(两个相同锌镀层厚度) Mass Calculation of coating (For equal coating)/MM锌镀层质量(两个不同锌镀层厚度) Mass Calculation of coating (For differential coating)/MM镀锡薄铁片(白铁皮/马口铁) (日工标准 JIS G3303)简介 General镀锡薄铁片的构造 Construction of Electrolytic Tinplate镀锡薄钢片(白铁皮/马日铁)制造过程 Production Process of Electrolytic Tinplate锡层质量 Mass of Tin Coating (JIS G3303-1987)两面均等锡层 Both Side Equally Coated Mass两面不均等锡层 Both Side Different Thickness Coated Mass级别、电镀方法、镀层质量及常用称号Grade, Plating type, Designation of Coating Mass & Common Coating Mass镀层质量标记 Markings & Designations of Differential Coatings硬度 Hardness单相轧压镀锡薄铁片(白铁皮/马口铁) Single-Reduced Tinplate双相辗压镀锡薄钢片(马口铁/白铁皮) Dual-Reduction Tinplate钢的种类 Type of Steel常用尺寸 Commonly Used Size电器用硅 [硅] 钢片 Electrical Steel Sheet简介 General软磁材料 Soft Magnetic Material滞后回线 Narrow Hysteresis矫顽磁力 Coercive Force硬磁材料 Hard Magnetic Material最大能量积 Maximum Energy Product硅含量对电器用的低碳钢片的最大好处 The Advantage of Using Silicon low Carbon Steel晶粒取向(Grain-Oriented)及非晶粒取向(Non-Oriented) Grain Oriented & Non-Oriented电器用硅 [硅] 钢片的最终用途及规格 End Usage and Designations of Electrical Steel Strip电器用的硅 [硅] 钢片之分类 Classification of Silicon Steel Sheet for Electrical Use电器用钢片的绝缘涂层 Performance of Surface Insulation of Electrical Steel Sheets晶粒取向电器用硅钢片主要工业标准 International Standard – Grain-Oriented Electrical Steel Silicon Steel Sheet for Electrical Use晶粒取向电器用硅钢片 Grain-Oriented Electrical Steel晶粒取向,定取向芯钢片及高硼定取向芯钢片之磁力性能及夹层系数 (日工标准及美材标准) Magnetic Properties and Lamination Factor of SI-ORIENT-CORE& SI-ORIENT-CORE-HI B Electrical Steel Strip (JIS and AISI Standard)退火 Annealing电器用钢片用家需自行应力退火原因 Annealing of the Electrical Steel Sheet退火时注意事项 Annealing Precautionary碳污染 Prevent Carbon Contamination热力应先从工件边缘透入 Heat from the Laminated Stacks Edges提防过份氧化 No Excessive Oxidation应力退火温度 Stress –relieving Annealing Temperature绝缘表面 Surface Insulation非晶粒取向电力用钢片的电力、磁力、机械性能及夹层系数 Lamination Factors of Electrical, Magnetic & Mechanical Non-Grain Oriented Electrical电器及家电外壳用镀层冷辘 [低碳] 钢片 Coated (Low Carbon) Steel Sheets for Casing,Electricals & Home Appliances镀铝硅钢片 Aluminized Silicon Alloy Steel Sheet镀铝硅合金钢片的特色 Feature of Aluminized Silicon Alloy Steel Sheet用途 End Usages抗化学品能力 Chemical Resistance镀铝(硅)钢片–日工标准 (JIS G3314) Hot-aluminum-coated sheets and coils to JIS G 3314镀铝(硅)钢片–美材试标准 (ASTM A-463-77)35.7 JIS G3314镀热浸铝片的机械性能 Mechanical Properties of JIS G 3314 Hot-Dip Aluminum-coated Sheets andCoils公差 Size Tolerance镀铝(硅)钢片及其它种类钢片的抗腐蚀性能比较 Comparsion of various resistance of aluminized steel & other kinds of steel镀铝(硅)钢片生产流程 Aluminum Steel Sheet, Production Flow Chart焊接能力 Weldability镀铝钢片的焊接状态(比较冷辘钢片) Tips on welding of Aluminized sheet in comparasion with cold rolled steel strip钢板 Steel Plate钢板用途分类及各国钢板的工业标准包括日工标准及美材试标准 Type of steel Plate & Related JIS, ASTM and Other Major Industrial Standards钢板生产流程 Production Flow Chart钢板订货需知 Ordering of Steel Plate不锈钢 Stainless Steel不锈钢的定义 Definition of Stainless Steel不锈钢之分类,耐腐蚀性及耐热性Classification, Corrosion Resistant & Heat Resistance of Stainless Steel铁铬系不锈钢片Chrome Stainless Steel马氏体不锈钢Martensite Stainless Steel低碳马氏体不锈钢Low Carbon Martensite Stainless Steel含铁体不锈钢Ferrite Stainless Steel镍铬系不锈钢Nickel Chrome Stainless Steel释出硬化不锈钢Precipitation Hardening Stainless Steel铁锰铝不锈钢Fe / Mn / Al / Stainless Steel不锈钢的磁性Magnetic Property & Stainless Steel不锈钢箔、卷片、片及板之厚度分类Classification of Foil, Strip, Sheet & Plate by Thickness表面保护胶纸Surface protection film不锈钢片材常用代号Designation of SUS Steel Special Use Stainless 表面处理 Surface finish 薄卷片及薄片(0.3至 2.9mm 厚之片)机械性能Mechanical Properties of Thin Stainless Steel(Thickness from 0.3mm to 2.9mm) – strip/sheet 不锈钢片机械性能(301, 304, 631, CSP) Mechanical Properties of Spring use Stainless Steel不锈钢–种类,工业标准,化学成份,特点及主要用途Stainless Steel – Type, Industrial Standard, Chemical Composition, Characteristic & end usage of the most commonly used Stainless Steel不锈钢薄片用途例End Usage of Thinner Gauge不锈钢片、板用途例Examples of End Usages of Strip, Sheet & Plate不锈钢应力退火卷片常用规格名词图解General Specification of Tension Annealed Stainless Steel Strips耐热不锈钢Heat-Resistance Stainless Steel镍铬系耐热不锈钢特性、化学成份、及操作温度Heat-Resistance Stainless Steel铬系耐热钢Chrome Heat Resistance Steel镍铬耐热钢Ni - Cr Heat Resistance Steel超耐热钢Special Heat Resistance Steel抗热超级合金Heat Resistance Super Alloy耐热不锈钢比重表Specific Gravity of Heat – resistance steel plates and sheets stainless steel不锈钢材及耐热钢材标准对照表Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steels发条片 Power Spring Strip发条的分类及材料 Power Spring Strip Classification and Materials上链发条 Wind-up Spring倒后擦发条 Pull Back Power Spring圆面("卜竹")发条 Convex Spring Strip拉尺发条 Measure Tape魔术手环 Magic Tape魔术手环尺寸图 Drawing of Magic Tap定型发条 Constant Torque Spring定型发条及上炼发条的驱动力 Spring Force of Constant Torque Spring and Wing-up Spring定型发条的形状及翻动过程 Shape and Spring Back of Constant Torque Spring定型发条驱动力公式及代号The Formula and Symbol of Constant Torque Spring边缘处理 Edge Finish硬度 Hardness高碳钢化学成份及用途 High Carbon Tool Steel, Chemical Composition and Usage每公斤发条的长度简易公式 The Length of 1 Kg of Spring Steel Strip SK-5 & AISI-301每公斤长的重量 /公斤(阔 100-200公厘) Weight per one meter long (kg) (Width 100-200mm) SK-5 & AISI-301每公斤之长度 (阔 100-200公厘) Length per one kg (Width 100-200mm) SK-5 & AISI-301每公尺长的重量 /公斤(阔 2.0-10公厘) Weight per one meter long (kg) (Width 2.0-10mm) SK-5 & AISI-301每公斤之长度 (阔 2.0-10公厘) Length per one kg (Width 2.0-10mm)高碳钢片 High Carbon Steel Strip分类 Classification用组织结构分类 Classification According to Grain Structure用含碳量分类–即低碳钢、中碳钢及高碳钢 Classification According to Carbon Contains弹簧用碳钢片 Carbon Steel Strip For Spring Use冷轧状态 Cold Rolled Strip回火状态 Annealed Strip淬火及回火状态 Hardened & Tempered Strip/ Precision – Quenched Steel Strip贝氏体钢片 Bainite Steel Strip弹簧用碳钢片材之边缘处理 Edge Finished淬火剂 Quenching Media碳钢回火 Tempering回火有低温回火及高温回火 Low & High Temperature Tempering高温回火 High Temperature Tempering退火 Annealing完全退火 Full Annealing扩散退火 Diffusion Annealing低温退火 Low Temperature Annealing中途退火 Process Annealing球化退火 Spheroidizing Annealing光辉退火 Bright Annealing淬火 Quenching时间淬火 Time Quenching奥氏铁孻回火 Austempering马氏铁体淬火 Marquenching高碳钢片用途 End Usage of High Carbon Steel Strip冷轧高碳钢–日本工业标准 Cold-Rolled (Special Steel) Carbon Steel Strip to JIS G3311电镀金属钢片 Plate Metal Strip电镀金属捆片的优点Advantage of Using Plate Metal Strip金属捆片电镀层 Plated Layer of Plated Metal Strip镀镍 Nickel Plated镀铬 Chrome Plated镀黄铜 Brass Plated基层金属 Base Metal of Plated Metal Strip低碳钢或铁基层金属 Iron & Low Carbon as Base Metal不锈钢基层金属 Stainless Steel as Base Metal铜基层金属 Copper as Base Metal黄铜基层金属 Brass as Base Metal轴承合金 Bearing Alloy轴承合金–日工标准 JIS H 5401 Bearing Alloy to JIS H 5401锡基、铅基及锌基轴承合金比较表 Comparison of Tin base, Lead base and Zinc base alloy for Bearing purpose易溶合金 Fusible Alloy焊接合金 Soldering and Brazing Alloy软焊 Soldering Alloy软焊合金–日本标准 JIS H 4341 Soldering Alloy to JIS H 4341硬焊 Brazing Alloy其它焊接材料请参阅日工标准目录 Other Soldering Material细线材、枝材、棒材 Chapter Five Wire, Rod & Bar线材/枝材材质分类及制成品 Classification and End Products of Wire/Rod铁线(低碳钢线)日工标准 JIS G 3532 Low Carbon Steel Wires ( Iron Wire ) to JIS G 3532光线(低碳钢线),火线 (退火低碳钢线 ),铅水线 (镀锌低碳钢线)及制造钉用低碳钢线之代号、公差及备注 Ordinary Low Carbon Steel Wire, Annealed Low Carbon Steel Wire, Galvanized low Carbon Steel Wire & Low Carbon Steel Wire for nail manufacturing - classification, Symbol of Grade, Tolerance and Remarks.机械性能 Mechanical Properites锌包层之重量,铜硫酸盐试验之酸洗次数及测试用卷筒直径 Weight of Zinc-Coating, Number of Dippings in Cupric Sulphate Test and Diameters of Mandrel Used for Coiling Test冷冲及冷锻用碳钢线枝 Carbon Steel Wire Rods for Cold Heading & Cold Forging (to JIS G3507) 级别,代号及化学成份 Classification, Symbol of Grade and Chemical Composition直径公差,偏圆度及脱碳层的平均深度 Diameter Tolerance, Ovality and Average Decarburized Layer Depth冷拉钢枝材 Cold Drawn Carbon Steel Shafting Bar枝材之美工标准,日工标准,用途及化学成份 AISI, JIS End Usage and Chemical Composition of Cold Drawn Carbon Steel Shafting Bar冷拉钢板重量表 Cold Drawn Steel Bar Weight Table高碳钢线枝 High Carbon Steel Wire Rod (to JIS G3506)冷拉高碳钢线 Hard Drawn High Carbon Steel Wire (to JIS G3521, ISO-84580-1&2)化学成份分析表 Chemical Analysis of Wire Rod线径、公差及机械性能(日本工业标准 G 3521) Mechanical Properties (JIS G 3521)琴线(日本标准 G3522) Piano Wires (to G3522)级别,代号,扭曲特性及可用之线材直径 Classes, symbols, twisting characteristic and applied WireDiameters直径,公差及拉力强度 Diameter, Tolerance and Tensile Strength裂纹之容许深度及脱碳层 Permissible depth of flaw and decarburized layer常用的弹簧不锈钢线-编号,特性,表面处理及化学成份 Stainless Spring Wire – National Standard number, Characteristic, Surface finish & Chemical composition弹簧不锈钢线,线径及拉力列表Stainless Spring Steel, Wire diameter and Tensile strength of Spring Wire处理及表面状况 Finish & Surface各种不锈钢线在不同处理拉力比较表 Tensile Strength of various kinds of Stainless Steel Wire under Different Finish圆径及偏圆度之公差 Tolerance of Wire Diameters & Ovality铬镍不锈钢及抗热钢弹簧线材–美国材验学会 ASTM A313 – 1987 Chromium – Nickel Stainless and Heat-resisting Steel Spring Wire – ASTM A313 – 1987化学成份 Chemical Composition机械性能 Mechanical Properties305, 316, 321及 347之拉力表 Tensile Strength Requirements for Types 305, 316, 321 and 347 A1S1-302贰级线材之拉力表 Tensile Strength of A1S1-302 Wire日本工业标准–不锈钢的化学成份 (先数字后字母排列) JIS –Chemical Composition of Stainless Steel (in order of number & alphabet)美国工业标准–不锈钢及防热钢材的化学成份 (先数字后字母排列) AISI – Chemical Composition of Stainless Steel & Heat-Resistant Steel(in order of number & alphabet)易车碳钢 Free Cutting Carbon Steels (to JIS G4804 )化学成份 Chemical composition圆钢枝,方钢枝及六角钢枝之形状及尺寸之公差 Tolerance on Shape and Dimensions for Round Steel Bar, Square Steel Bar, Hexagonal Steel Bar易车(快削)不锈钢 Free Cutting Stainless Steel易车(快削)不锈钢种类 Type of steel易车(快削)不锈钢拉力表 Tensile Strength of Free Cutting Wires枝/棒无芯磨公差表 (μ) (μ = 1/100 mm) Rod/Bar Centreless Grind Tolerance易车不锈钢及易车钢之不同尺寸及硬度比较 Hardness of Different Types & Size of Free Cutting Steel 扁线、半圆线及异形线 Flat Wire, Half Round Wire, Shaped Wire and Precision Shaped Fine Wire 加工方法 Manufacturing Method应用材料 Material Used特点 Characteristic用途End Usages不锈钢扁线及半圆线常用材料 Commonly used materials for Stainless Flat Wire & Half Round Wire 扁线公差 Flat Wire Tolerance方线公差 Square Wire Tolerance。

材料工程专业英语

材料工程专业英语

材料工程专业英语材料material; stock; stuff材料安排arrangement of materials材料百分比法materials percentage method材料搬运分析materials handling analysis材料搬运设备materials handlinng equipment材料编码material class number材料变换率material change rate材料标准materials standard; specification for materials材料标准成本materials standard costs材料标准化materials standardization材料表bill of materials; material list; schedule of materials; stock list 材料不均匀性discontinuity of materials材料采购策略materials purchase strategy材料参数material parameter材料差额记录balance of stores record材料差异materials variances材料产量差异material yield variance材料场yard of material材料车material car材料成本cost of material; material cost材料成本法materials cost method材料成本预算materials cost budget材料成分分析表material composition sheet; mill sheet材料成分化验material composition test材料储备material stock材料储备量batch pile材料储量material storage材料处理反应堆material processing reactor材料单material bill材料弹性极限elastic limit of material材料的不均匀性discontinuity of material材料的储备定量normal fixed quantity of materials stock材料的弹性极限elastic limit of materials材料的堆筑与整平casting and blading of materials材料的耗费inventory charge材料的化学分析material composition test材料的经济储备定量normal standard quantity of material stock材料的可靠性reliability of material材料低估整理material under-valuation adjusted材料调拨material transfer材料调查material survey; material investigation材料调剂material adjustment材料调整stores adjustment材料堆bing材料堆放placing of material材料防水material waterproofing材料非线性material nonlinearity材料废料日报表daily materials and spoilage report材料费material cost; materials expenses材料费上涨系数escalating coefficient of material price 材料分类materials classification材料分类帐stores ledger材料分配materials allocation材料分配单distribution sheet of stores材料分析material analysis材料分析资料material analysis data材料辐射探伤radiomateriology材料复验retest of materials材料高估整理material over-valuation adjusted材料工程力学engineering mechanics of material材料工程手册materials engineering manual材料工业material industry材料工艺学materials technology材料供应处material supply department材料管理material management材料规范书material specifications材料规格specification for materials材料规格手册materials specification manual材料含量监控器on-line analyzer材料函数material function材料耗损汇总表summary of scrap and spoiled materials 材料耗用material consumption材料耗用标准materials usage standards材料耗用差异materials usage variance材料耗用汇总表materials used summary sheet材料耗用价格差异materials usage price variance材料号material number材料核算material accounting材料核算余额法balance method of stores accounting材料和工作日的日程安排materials and work schedule 材料和能源供应源materials and energy pool材料合格证materials certificate材料滑槽material chute材料化学materials chemistry材料化学分析material chemical analysis材料回收率material yield rate材料会计store ledger clerk材料汇总帐materials summary材料击穿material breakdown材料基金stock fund; stores fund材料机械性能mechanical performance of material材料集体制度marshalling system材料及投入物成本cost of materials and inputs材料计划成本差异planned cost variance of materials; variance from planned cost of materials 材料计划联络人coordinator of materials planning材料计划制度materials planning system材料记号material mark材料记录余额balance of stores records材料加工material processing材料价格标准material price standard材料价格表material price list材料价格差异materials price variance材料价格差异分析analysis of material price variance材料价格差异率materials price variance ratio材料检验examination of material材料检验学materiology材料检验员inspector of material材料鉴别material identification材料交换stores swap材料结构差异material mix variance材料进出闸material lock材料经济学economics of materials; material economy材料具领单materials reradiate材料卡片material cards; material subsidiary ledger; stock card材料科material supply section材料科学materials science材料可混用性material compatibility材料可靠性reliability of material材料控制material control材料控制卡materials control card材料控制帐户materials control account材料库material storage材料老化试验室material aging laboratory材料类别号码material class number材料类型material type材料利用率material utilization; ratio to material used; stock utilization材料力学material mechanics; mechanics of material; resistance of materials; strength of materials材料力学理论theory of mechanics of materials; theory of strength of materials材料连续结存单perpetual inventory sheet材料流程单track sheet材料率materials rate材料明细表material list材料磨损过程progress of material wear材料牌号material trademark材料盘点单stores inventory sheet材料批号material charge number材料疲劳fatigue of materials材料疲劳试验fatigue test of materials材料品种description of materials材料平衡表material balance sheet材料强度materials strength材料强度科学science of strength for materials材料强度实验室laboratory of materials strength材料强度学strength of materials材料切除率material-removal rate材料清单material bill材料缺陷fault in material; material defect材料韧性toughness of material材料散射material scattering材料色散material dispersion材料色散波长material dispersion wavelength材料色散参数material dispersion parameter材料色散系数material dispersion coefficient材料烧蚀material ablation材料试验material testing; testing of materials材料试验反应堆materials testing reactor材料试验方法method of testing materials材料试验机machine for material testing; material testing machine材料试验室material testing laboratory材料数量标准material quantity standard材料数量差异分析analysis of materials quantity variance材料数量分析material quantity analysis材料数值孔径material numerical aperture材料碎片material fragment材料损害damage of materials; material breakage; material damage; material wastage; spillage of material材料损耗spillage of material; material breakage材料损耗汇总表summary of scrap and spoiled materials材料损耗率material wastage rate材料损失率materials loss rate材料特性material characteristics材料特性表达material characterization材料物理学materials physics; physics of materials材料吸收material absorption材料相容性material compatibility材料消费价格差异materials usage price variance材料消耗material consumption; material wastage材料消耗成本cost of raw materials used材料消耗定额material consumption rate; materials consumption quota; materials consumption norm; norm for materials consumed材料消耗量consumption of materials; material spending amount材料消耗率materials consumption rate材料消耗综合定额comprehensive materials consumption quota材料效率差异material efficiency variance 材料型流程程序图materials type flow process chart材料修订material revision材料需要量material requirement材料许可损耗率wastage allowance材料选择stock option材料学material science材料验收acceptance of materials材料验收报告material examination and acceptance report材料样品material sample材料要求material requirements材料因素material factor材料用量比率material usage ratio材料有关成本material related costs材料余额簿excess materials ledger; stores balance book材料与制品鉴定certification of materials and products材料预算material budget材料预算价格material price for estimation材料预算控制法materials budget control method材料原因material cause材料源material source材料支架stock support材料指标material index材料制备material preparation材料中缺陷的认可approval of defects in material材料周转率materials turnover材料装卸设备material handling equipment材料总登记簿master stock book材料阻尼material damping材料组合combination of materials材料作价evaluating materials建筑build; architecture; construct; architectural; architectural & industrial ceramics建筑安装工程量construction work quantity建筑板材building board建筑材料表list of building materials建筑材料检验building material testing建筑材料行building material dealer建筑材料运输列车construction train建筑草图architectural sketch建筑朝向building orientation建筑成本预算construction cost estimate建筑承包商building contractor建筑尺度architectural scale建筑处理architectural treatment建筑创作architectural creation建筑大五金architectural metalwork建筑大样architectural detail建筑单元building unit建筑费construction cost建筑风格architectural style建筑辅助系统building subsystem建筑钢construction(al) steel建筑钢板building sheet建筑高度building height; height of building建筑高度分区building height zoning; height zoning建筑工程升降机builder's lift建筑工地选择siting建筑工羊角锤头builder's claw hammer head建筑工业building industry; construction industry建筑工种building trades建筑构思architectural conception建筑构图compostion on architecture; architectural composition建筑构造building construction建筑估价building cost estimate建筑管理architectural control建筑规程building regulations建筑规范building code建筑机械construction machinery; building machinery建筑及维护规则recommendation建筑结构building structure建筑结构分析语言structural engineering system solver (STRESS) 建筑立面elevation of building; building elevation建筑沥青bitumen for building; building asphalt No. 10建筑力学architectural mechanics建筑铝型材生产线architectural aluminium profile production line 建筑毛面积gross floor area建筑毛造价gross building cost建筑面积area of structure; covered area建筑面积比floor-area ratio (F.A.R.)建筑面积指标floor-space index (F.S.I.)建筑模数building module建筑配景entourage of building建筑平面architectural plane; building plane建筑起重机building crane; construction-site crane 建筑砌块building block建筑气候分区climate region of building建筑青铜architectural bronze建筑青铜合金architectural bronze建筑声学architectural acoustics建筑石paring stone建筑石料building stone建筑时期观念construction period concept建筑史architectural history; history of architecture 建筑收进线building setback line建筑陶板architectural terra-cotta (ATC)建筑陶瓷architectural pottery建筑特色architectural feature建筑体积architectural volume; cubage建筑体积计算cubing建筑体系building system建筑体形building size建筑透视architectural perspective建筑外壳building shell建筑外形architectural appearance建筑物building; structure建筑物保险building insurance建筑物朝向direction of building建筑物基础building foundation建筑物间距distance between buildings建筑物理architectural physics; building physics 建筑物缺隐building deficiency建筑物入口building entrance建筑物租约building lease建筑现场construction建筑限制building restriction建筑限制线building restiction line建筑效果architectural effect建筑型钢轧机机座structural stand建筑型式type of construction; architectural form 建筑遗产architectural heritage建筑艺术architectural art建筑艺术处理artistic treatment in architecture; architectural treatment建筑艺术形式artistic form of architecture建筑用地building lot; building site; lot建筑用地规划plot planning; block planning建筑用钢铁constructional iron建筑用黄铜architectural brass建筑用木材building timber建筑用提升机service-building elevator建筑原理architectonics; architectural principle建筑造型艺术art of architectural modelling建筑占地系数coefficient of land used for buildings建筑障碍architectural barriers建筑照明architectural lighting建筑折旧准备buildings depreciation reserve建筑哲理architectural philosophy建筑柱式architectural orders; orders of architecture建筑装饰architectural decoration; architectural ornament建筑装饰彩釉砂涂料colour-glazed sand paint for building decoration建筑装饰学architectural decoration建筑装修五金architectural metalwork建筑自动化building automation建筑自重structural weight per square meter建筑渲染architectural rendering; rendu施工construct; execution; construction; execution of works施工安装图construction and erection drawing施工安装用的机械及工具machines and tools for construction and erection 施工标桩construction stake施工布置图construction plan施工步骤construction procedure; construction steps施工测量construction survey施工程序construction program; execution programme for works施工程序网络图project network施工贷款construction loan施工单位construction organization; builder施工道路construction road施工地点job location施工吊车construction hoist施工定额construction norm施工队construction team施工方法job practice施工方式form of construction work施工费用construction cost施工缝construction joint施工工程construction work施工工程师construction engineer; operating engineer施工工程学construction engineering施工工期construction period施工工种construction trade施工规模scope of construction item; size of construction施工荷载construction loads; working load施工合同construction contract施工机械construction machinery施工机械费cost of constructor's mechanical plant施工机械化mechanization of building operation; mechanization of construction施工机械化系数coefficient of construction mechanization施工技术财务计划financial plan for construction technology施工计划construction plan; construction program(me)施工监督supervision of construction; supervision; monitoring施工检查inspection of construction施工检查员construction inspector施工阶段construction stage; construction phase施工进度construction progress施工进度表schedule of construction; schedule of operations; work-schedule施工进度计划detailed construction schedule; construction schedule施工经济学construction economics施工经理construction manager施工经验construction experience施工卷扬机builder's hoist; builder's winch施工临时螺栓construction bolt施工流水作业法construction streamline method施工面积floor space under construction施工平面图construction plan施工期construction period施工起重机construction hoist施工企业construction enterprises施工前阶段preconstruction stage施工区construction area施工缺陷constructional deficiency施工人员constructor; builder施工设备plant for construction; construction equipment施工设计detail design; detailed engineering施工水平仪builder's level施工说明general description of construction施工说明书construction specifications施工图设计construction documents design施工图设计阶段construction documents design phase; construction documents phase 施工图预算working drawing estimate施工文件construction documents (包括施工图及说明)施工误差construction error施工现场fabricating yard; job location施工详图detail of construction; construction detail; working drawing施工项目project under construction; construction item施工项目编号construction item reference number施工效率efficiency of construction施工性能workability施工许可证builder's licence施工验收技术规范technical code for work and acceptance施工依据manufacture bases施工营业执照builder's licence施工预算construction estimate施工执照building permit施工准备preliminary work for construction; preparations for construction 施工准备计划preparatory plan施工总平面图overall construction site plan施工总则general conditions of construction施工组织设计construction management plan施工作业计划work element construction program项目subject of entry; item项目报告project paper项目编制阶段project preparation phase项目标记project mark项目财务估价project financial evaluation项目采购project purchasing项目成本project cost; item cost项目筹备融通资金project preparation facility (PPF)项目贷款project finance; project-financing loan; project loan项目单menu项目的拟订project formulation项目的所有者owner of the project项目的总投标价值total tender value of project项目发展周期project development cycle项目范围scope of project项目方案project alternatives项目分隔符item separation symbol项目分类classification of items项目分配allocation of items项目分析item analysis项目工程师project engineer项目工程师负责制project engineer system项目管理project management项目管理人project manager项目号item number项目核对法check list (市场调查技术之一)项目核准权projects approval authority项目后评价post project evaluation项目后评价和后继行动post project evaluation and followup项目划分segregation of items项目化组织projectized organization项目环境生态评价environmental appraisal of a project项目货款额度project line项目技术评价project technology evaluation项目计划project plan项目计划设计图project planning chart项目记录item record项目加权item weighting项目检验回归曲线item-test regression curve项目建设费用cost of project implementation项目建设进度表project implementation scheduling项目建议书proposals for the projects项目经济估价project economic evaluation; economic evaluation of a project 项目经理project manager项目矩阵组织project matrix organization项目控制project control项目块entry block项目历史history of project项目目标管理project management by objectives项目拟订project formulation项目匹配法matching item项目评估project appraisal; project evaluation项目评估法Project Evaluation and Review Technique项目企业经济评价enterprise's economic appraisal of a project项目删除deletion of items项目上端item top项目社会评价project's social value appraisal项目设备project equipment项目设计item design项目设计工程师负责制project engineer responsibility system项目生产project production项目说明item description项目说明书specification of an item项目投资时期investment phase of a project项目图与布置图project charts and layouts项目网络法project network technique项目网络分析project network analysis项目文件item file项目小组project group; project team organiztion项目行item line项目修理通知单item repairing order项目选择project selection项目训练法project training项目研究编目item study listing项目研究小组project team项目一次采购法project purchasing项目一览表itemized schedule项目预算program budget; project budget项目预算编制program budgeting项目政治评价political appraisal of a project项目支助业务project supporting services项目执行project implementation项目执行情况审计报告project performance audity report (PPAR) 项目指标project indicators项目转移item advance项目资金筹措project financing质量grade; mass; quality; qualitative properties; mass (物理用语) 质量百分比mass percent质量半径关系mass-radius relation质量保持率quality retention质量保证quality assurance质量保证技术出版物quality assurance technical publications质量保证计划quality control system质量保证控制程序quality assurance operating procedure质量保证手册quality control (assurrance) manual质量保证体系quality assurance (control) system质量保证验收标准quality assurance acceptance standard质量保证制度quality certification system质量比mass ratio质量比电阻mass specific resistance质量变坏debase质量标度mass scale质量标志quality mark质量标准quality level; quality specification; quality standard质量不灭定律law of conservation of mass质量不平衡mass unbalance质量不足mass deficiency质量参数mass parameter; quality parameters质量测定mass measurement; quality determination质量测定系统quality measurement system质量测量mass measurement质量层化mass loss segregation质量差价quality price differentials质量差异mass discrepancy质量产额mass yield质量产额分布mass-yield distribution质量产额曲线mass yield curve质量成本quality cost质量传递mass transmission; mass transport; mass transfer质量传递机理mass transport mechanism质量传递系数coefficient of mass transfer质量单位unit of mass; mass units质量弹簧缓冲器组合mass-spring dashpot combination; mass-spring-dashpot combination 质量弹簧系统mass-spring system质量弹簧阻尼器体系mass-spring-dashpot system质量弹性特性mass-elastic characteristics质量当量mass equivalent质量倒数reciprocal mass质量的米制技术单位metric-technical unit of mass (TME)质量的相对论性变化relativistic change in mass质量的相对论性增加relativistic increase of mass质量等级quality grade质量等级因素grade factors质量低劣bum; inferiority of quality; inferior quality质量低劣的bum质量第一quality first质量电感模拟mass-inductance analogy质量电阻率mass resistivity质量定律mass law质量发光度半径关系mass-luminosity-radius relation质量反应性系数mass coefficient of reactivity质量范围mass range质量方程mass equation质量分辨本领mass resolution质量分布mass distribution质量分布函数mass function质量分光计mass spectrometer质量分类试验attribute testing质量分离mass separation质量分离器mass separator; mass-separator质量分散mass dispersion质量分析mass analysis; quality analysis质量分析离子动能度谱术mass analyzed ion kinetic energy spectrometry质量分析器mass analyzer质量分析仪mass-synchrometer质量丰度mass abundance质量峰mass peak质量辐合mass convergence质量辐散mass divergence质量辐射阻止本领mass radiative stopping power质量幅度quality latitude质量负载mass loading质量改善剂modifying agent; quality booster质量工程quality engineering质量公式mass formula质量管理quality control; quality management质量管理检验quality control check质量管理系统quality control system质量管理制度quality control system质量惯性矩mass mement of inertia质量规格quality requirement; quality standard; specification of quality 质量过大恒星overmassive star质量过滤器mass filter质量过剩mass excess质量函数mass function; quality function质量和可靠性目标quality and reliability objective质量合格标准acceptable quality level质量合格证certification of fitness质量厚度mass thickness质量换算因子mass conversion factor质量集中分析qualitative investigation质量级quality-class质量计量学qualimetry质量监测台monitoring desk质量监督quality monitoring质量监视控制台quality monitor console质量检测器mass detector质量检查quality inspection质量检查科quality control division (QCD)质量检查证明书quality inspection certificate质量检定quality arbitration质量检验quality control surveillance; quality test; quality inspection 质量检验标准quality control standards (QCS)质量检验器quality checker质量减损mass decrement质量鉴定试验qualification test (QT)质量鉴定试验程序qualification test procedure质量鉴定试验规范qualification test specification质量交换速度mass-transfer rate质量交换系数mass transfer coefficient质量矩moment of mass质量矩阵mass matrix质量抗mass reactance质量壳mass shell质量可靠性保证quality reliability assurance质量控制mass control; quality monitoring; quality control 质量控制标准quality control specification质量控制传感器quality control pick-up质量控制等级quality control level质量控制电动扬声器mass-controlled dynamic loudspeaker 质量控制计划quality control planning质量控制检查quality control checking质量控制可靠性quality control reliability质量控制手册quality control manual质量控制数据quality control data质量控制体系quality control system质量控制图quality control chart质量控制系统quality control system质量控制振荡器mass-controlled oscillator质量亏损mass loss; mass defect质量扩散mass diffusion质量扩散率mass diffusivity质量累积检测器mass integral detector质量灵敏值mass sensitive quantity; mass-sensitive quantity 质量瘤mascon质量流动mass flow质量流动连续条件condition of mass flow continuity质量流动速度mass velocity质量流动学说mass flow theory质量流过速率mass rate of flow质量流控制mass flow control质量流量flow mass; mass flow; mass flow rate质量流量比mass flow ratio质量流量常数mass flow constant质量流量方程mass flow equation质量流量计mass flowmeter质量流量控制器mass flow controller质量流量率mass rate of flow质量流量敏感性检测器mass flow rate sensitive detector 质量流量扰动mass-flowrate perturbation质量流量系数mass flow coefficient质量流量压差关系mass flow pressure-difference relation 质量流率mass flowrate质量密度mass density; specific mass质量密集mascon质量面mass surface质量面积比mass area ratio质量敏感分离器mass sensitive deflector质量能量传递系数mass energy transfer coefficient质量能量换算系数mass energy conversion coefficient质量浓度mass concentration质量判据quality criteria质量抛射mass ejection质量碰撞阻止本领mass collission stopping power质量偏差mass deviation质量平衡mass balance质量平均值mass average value质量评定grade estimation; qualitative assessment; quality evaluation; qualification; merit rating质量迁移率mass-transfer rate质量趋势quality trends质量曲线figure-of-merit curve; mass curve; mass diagram质量全息术mass holograghy质量缺陷mass defect质量燃烧速率mass burning rate质量散度mass divergence质量散射系数mass scattering coefficient质量色谱法mass chromatography质量色谱分析mass chromatographic analysis质量实质quality entity质量试验quality test质量试验规范quality test schedule质量试验器quality tester质量守恒mass conservation; conservation of mass质量守恒定律law of conservation of mass质量守恒定律方程equation of mass conservation质量守恒方程mass conservation equation质量守恒原理principle of mass conservation质量输运mass transport质量数mass number; unclear number; nucleon number质量数标度mass scale质量数测定mass assignment质量数指示器mass marker质量衰减mass attenuation质量衰减系数mass attenuation coefficient质量双线mass doublet质量说明书quality specification质量速度mass velocity质量速度比mass-velocity ratio质量算符mass operator质量碎片法mass fragmentography (MF)质量碎片谱法mass fragmentography质量损失mass loss质量损失率mass loss rate质量特性quality characteristic; quality coefficient质量通量mass flux质量统计检验statistical quality control质量温度关系mass-temperature relation质量稳定性评价标准quality retention rating质量吸收mass absorption质量吸收系数mass absorption coefficient质量吸收效应mass-absorption effect质量系数mass coefficient; mass factor; quality factor质量限额mass limit质量响应mass-basis response质量项mass term质量小恒星undermassive star质量效果mass effect质量效应mass effect质量型检测器mass flow rate sensitive detector质量性状qualitative character; quality character质量循环速度mass circulation velocity质量压力mass pressure质量要求prescription; quality requirements质量遗传qualitative genetics; qualitative inheritance质量移动姿态控制系统mass-motion attitude control system; mass-shifting attitude control system质量因数factor of quality质量因数计Q-meter质量因素quality factor质量因素比quality factor ratio质量因子factor of merit质量引力mass attraction质量引力垂线mass attraction vertical质量优良的小客车quality car质量再循环率mass recirculation质量增加mass addition质量甄别mass discrimination质量诊断quality diagnostics质量证明certificate of quality质量指标qualitative index; quality index; quality indicator; quality target质量指南quality guideline质量指示器mass indicator; mass marker质量指数quality index number质量中位直径mass median diameter质量中心centre of mass; mass center; mass centroid; centroid; center of mass质量中心轴线centroidal axis质量重整化mass renormalization质量转移mass transfer质量转移反应mass-transfer reaction质量转移理论mass transfer theory质量阻止本领mass stopping power质量组分mass component质量作用mass action质量作用定律mass action law; law of mass action质量作用效应mass action effect质量作用原理mass action principle现场field engineering; job site; site; scene (FE)现场安装field mounted (FM)现场安装工作on-site installation work现场安装和维修条件installation and maintenance conditions at field现场安装螺栓field bolting; field bolt现场安装容器field assembly of vessels现场操作规范field-work standards现场抽查spot checking现场淬火field quenching现场存货field warehousing现场的local现场电视监测生产法television-monitored production现场调查field investigation; field survey; spot investigation; field method; spot survey; (spot) field investigation现场调查设计field survey design现场调查员field worker现场调度spot dispatch现场发泡foam-in-place现场仿真field simulation现场访问facility visit现场工作field work现场管理field management; worksite management现场灌注球基桩franki pile现场焊接field weld; site weld; site welding; field welding现场核查on-site verification现场核数员field auditor现场计数field enumeration现场计算field calculation现场记录record on spot现场加工field processing现场检查on-site inspection; on-spot check; spot checking现场检验field inspection; on-site inspection; floor inspection; spot inspection现场交货delivery on the spot; ex works现场交货价格ex point of origin现场交通site traffic现场浇铸cast-in-place现场浇筑cast in situs现场接线field connection现场经纪floor broker; pit broker现场决标award at tender opening现场勘测site survey现场勘察on-the-spot investigation现场可变只读存储器field alterable ROM现场可更换部件field-replaceable unit现场客floor trader现场控制台field control station现场联结field connection现场录音live recording现场铆钉对接接头site riveted butt joint现场铆接field rivet(t)ing; site rivet(ing)现场配料field mix现场平衡法field balancing technique现场清洗in-place cleaning现场人员训练field personnel training现场摄像机field camera; live camera现场设备field apparatus现场生产性能测定on-farm performance现场实习workshop practice现场实验field experiment现场使用field service; field usage现场使用可靠性on-the-job dependability现场试验field experiment; field test; field investigation; field trial; site test; site trial; on-the-spot experiment现场试验程序field test procedures现场手册field manual现场数据field data现场栓接field bolted现场踏勘reconnaissance trip现场统计field statistics现场维修field maintenance; on-site repair现场修理current repair; spot repair现场研究field study现场以外的训练vestibule training现场用压缩机field service compressor现场制造field manufacturing现场制作field fabrication; fabrication on site现场装配field connection现场组装field assembly现场总线fieldbus现场可替换单元LRU [现场的on-site [现场冷却spot cooling [现场冷却;局部冷却spot cooling进度progress; tempo进度安排scheduling进度报表progress report; progress sheet进度报告制度progress reporting system进度工作日程progress schedule进度估计progress estimate进度管理progress control; schedule control进度计划scheduled plan进度计划安排scheduling进度计划表schedule diagram进度计划明细表detailed schedule进度计划总表master schedule进度检查follow-up进度控制schedule control; progress control进度时间表process schedule进度图progress chart; progress map进度维护scheduled maintenance进度照片photographs of progress合同agreement; stipulation; charter; contract合同更改的请求contract change request合同更改建议contract change proposal合同更改通知书contract change notification合同工jobbing work合同工厂contract plant合同管理范围contract management region合同规定contractual specifications合同号contract number合同技术要求contract technical requirements (CTR) 合同签定日期contract award date合同饲养contract feeding合同谈判contract negotiation合同条款terms of the contract。

材料专业英语词汇

材料专业英语词汇

化学元素(elements)化学元素,简称元素,是化学元素周期表中的基本组成,现有113种元素,其中原子序数从93到113号的元素是人造元素。

物质(matter)物质是客观实在,且能被人们通过某种方式感知和了解的东西,是元素的载体。

材料(materials)材料是能为人类经济地、用于制造有用物品的物质。

超导(Superconduct)物质在某个温度下电阻为零的现象为超导,我们称具有超导性质的材料为超导体。

材料科学(materials science)材料科学是一门科学,它从事于材料本质的发现、分析方面的研究,它的目的在于提供材料结构的统一描绘,或给出模型,并解释这种结构与材料的性能之间的关系。

材料工程(materials engineering)材料工程属技术的范畴,目的在于采用经济的、而又能为社会所接受的生产工艺、加工工艺控制材料的结构、性能和形状以达到使用要求。

材料科学与工程(materials science and engineering)材料科学与工程是研究有关材料的成份、结构和制造工艺与其性能和使用性能间相互关系的知识及这些知识的应用,是一门应用基础科学。

材料的成份、结构,制造工艺,性能及使用性能被认为是材料科学与工程的四个基本要素。

成份(composition)成分是指材料的化学组成及其所占比例。

组织、结构(morphology 、structure)组织结构是表示材料微观特征的。

组织是相的形态、分布的图象,其中用肉眼和放大镜观察到的为宏观组织,用显微镜观察到的为显微组织,用电子显微镜观察到的为电子显微组织。

结构是指材料中原子或分子的排列方式。

性能(property)性能是指材料所具有的性质与效用。

工艺(process)工艺是将原材料或半成品加工成产品的方法、技术等。

使用性能(performance)材料在具体的使用条件和环境下所表现出来的行为。

电负性( electro negativity )周期表中各元素的原子吸引电子能力的一种相对标度为电负性,又称负电性。

材料专业英语词汇

材料专业英语词汇

材料专业英语词汇材料专业英语词汇是材料工程专业学习的重要组成部分,掌握好材料专业英语词汇对于提高专业素养和学术水平具有重要意义。

下面将介绍一些常用的材料专业英语词汇,希望能够帮助大家更好地学习和掌握这些词汇。

首先,我们来看一些关于材料的基本词汇。

材料在英语中通常是指“material”,而材料的性能则可以用“property”来表示。

例如,强度可以用“strength”来表示,硬度可以用“hardness”来表示,韧性可以用“toughness”来表示,导热性可以用“thermal conductivity”来表示,导电性可以用“electrical conductivity”来表示,透明度可以用“transparency”来表示,等等。

其次,我们来看一些关于材料加工的词汇。

加工在英语中可以用“processing”来表示,而材料的成型可以用“forming”来表示,材料的切削可以用“cutting”来表示,材料的焊接可以用“welding”来表示,材料的涂覆可以用“coating”来表示,材料的热处理可以用“heat treatment”来表示,等等。

再次,我们来看一些关于材料测试的词汇。

测试在英语中可以用“testing”来表示,而材料的力学性能测试可以用“mechanical property testing”来表示,材料的化学成分分析可以用“chemical composition analysis”来表示,材料的表面形貌观察可以用“surface morphology observation”来表示,材料的断裂形貌分析可以用“fracture surface analysis”来表示,等等。

最后,我们来看一些关于材料应用的词汇。

应用在英语中可以用“application”来表示,而材料的应用领域可以用“application field”来表示,材料的设计可以用“material design”来表示,材料的选型可以用“material selection”来表示,材料的改性可以用“material modification”来表示,等等。

金属材料专业英语词汇(99单词)

金属材料专业英语词汇(99单词)

金属材料专业英语词汇(99单词) metal: 金属ceramic: 陶瓷polymer: 聚合物Composites: 复合材料Semiconductors: 半导体Biomaterials: 生物材料Processing: 加工过程Structure: 组织结构Properties: 性质Performance: 使用性能Mechanical properties: 力学性能Electrical properties: 电性能Thermal behavior: 热性能Magnetic properties: 磁性能Optical properties: 光性能Deteriorative characteristics: 老化特性第二章原子结构与原子键Atomic mass unit (amu): 原子质量单位Atomic number: 原子数Atomic weight: 原子量Bohr atomic model: 波尔原子模型Bonding energy: 键能Coulombic force: 库仑力Covalent bond: 共价键Dipole (electric): 偶极子electronic configuration: 电子构型electron state: 电位Electronegative: 负电的Electropositive: 正电的Ground state: 基态Hydrogen bond: 氢键Ionic bond: 离子键Isotope: 同位素Metallic bond: 金属键Mole: 摩尔Molecule: 分子Pauli exclusion principle: 泡利不相容原理Periodic table: 元素周期表Polar molecule: 极性分子Primary bonding: 强键Quantum mechanics: 量子力学Quantum number: 量子数Secondary bonding: 弱键valence electron: 价电子van der waals bond: 范德华键Wave-mechanical model: 波粒二象性模型第三章金属与陶瓷的结构Allotropy: 同素异形现象Amorphous: 无定形Anion: 阴离子Anisotropy: 各向异性atomic packing factor(APF): 原子堆积因数body-centered cubic (BCC): 体心立方结构Bragg’s law: 布拉格定律Cation: 阳离子coordination number: 配位数crystal structure: 晶体结构crystal system: 晶系crystalline: 晶体的diffraction: 衍射face-centered cubic (FCC): 面心立方结构点群 point group对称要素 symmetry elements各向异性 anisotropy原子堆积因数 atomic packing factor(apf)体心立方结构 body-centered cubic (bcc)面心立方结构 face-centered cubic (fcc)布拉格定律 Braggs law配位数 coordination number晶体结构 crystal structure晶系 crystal system晶体的 crystalline衍射 diffraction中子衍射 neutron diffraction电子衍射 electron diffraction六方密堆积 hexagonal close-packed鲍林规则 Paulings rulesNaCl型结构 NaCl-type structureCsCl型结构 Caesium Chloride structure 闪锌矿型结构 Blende-type structure纤锌矿型结构 Wurtzite structure金红石型结构 Rutile structure萤石型结构 Fluorite structure钙钛矿型结构 Perovskite-type structure 尖晶石型结构 Spinel-type structure硅酸盐结构 structure of silicates岛状结构 island structure链状结构 chain structure层状结构 layer structure架状结构 framework structure 体材料 bulk material滑石 Talc叶蜡石 Pyrophyllite高岭石 Kaolinite石英 Quartz长石 Feldspar美橄榄石 Forsterite各向同性的 isotropic各向异性的 anisotropy晶格 lattice晶格参数 lattice parameters 密勒指数 miller indices非结晶的 amorphous多晶的 polycrystalline多晶形 polymorphism单晶 single crystal晶胞 unit cell电位 electron states(化合)价 valence电子 electrons极性分子 polar molecules原子面密度 atomic planar density 合金 alloy粒度,晶粒大小 grain size显微结构 microstructure重量百分数 weight percent四方的 tetragonal单斜的 monoclinic。

材料专业英语必背词汇汇总

材料专业英语必背词汇汇总

材料专业英语必背词汇汇总下面是一些材料专业英语必备词汇的汇总:1. Material(材料)2. Property(性能)3. Structure(结构)5. Alloy(合金)7. Polymer(聚合物)8. Ceramics(陶瓷)9. Metal(金属)10. Mechanical(机械性能)11. Electrical(电性能)12. Thermal(热性能)13. Optical(光学性能)14. Strength(强度)15. Toughness(韧性)16. Hardness(硬度)17. Ductility(延展性)18. Brittleness(脆性)19. Elasticity(弹性)20. Conductivity(导电性)21. Corrosion(腐蚀)22. Fatigue(疲劳)23. Fracture(断裂)24. Melting point(熔点)25. Boiling point(沸点)26. Density(密度)27. Thermal conductivity(热导率)28. Modulus(模量)29. Creep(蠕变)30. Solubility(溶解性)31. Resistance(电阻)32. Stiffness(刚度)33. Viscoelasticity(粘弹性)34. Malleability(延展性)35. Refractivity(折射性)36. Optoelectronic(光电子)37. Processing(加工)38. Fabrication(制造)39. Casting(铸造)40. Welding(焊接)41. Machining(机械加工)42. Forming(成形)43. Molding(塑料成型)44. Extrusion(挤压)45. Injection molding(注塑)46. Sintering(烧结)47. Annealing(退火)48. Quenching(淬火)49. Tempering(回火)50. Brazing(钎焊)请注意,这只是一些基本的词汇,因此在学习材料专业英语时还应该扩展词汇量,并结合具体的材料科学与工程知识进行学习和实践。

材料专业常用术语英语单词表

材料专业常用术语英语单词表

Unit 1property (材料的)性质heat treatme nt 热处理metal 金属glass 玻璃plastics 塑料fiber 纤维electro nic devices 电子器件component 组元,组分semic onducting materials 半导体材料materials scie nee and engin eeri ng 材料科学与工程materials scie nee 材料科学materials engin eeri ng 材料工程materials scie ntist 材料科学家materials engin eer 材料工程师syn thesize 合成syn thesissyn theticsubatomic structure 亚原子结构electro n 电子atom 原子nu clei 原子核nu cleusmolecule 分子microscopic 微观的microscope 显微镜n aked eye 裸眼macroscopic 宏观的specime n 试样deformati on 变形polished 抛光的reflect 反射magn itude 量级solid materials 固体材料mecha nical properties 力学性质load 载荷force 力elastic modulus 弹性模量stre ngth 强度electrical properties 电学性质electrical con ductivity 导电性dielectric con sta nt 介电常数electric field 电场thermal behavior 热学行为heat capacity 热容thermal con ductivity 热传导(导热性)magn etic properties 磁学性质magn etic field 磁场optical properties 光学性质electromag netic radiati on 电磁辐射light radiation 光辐射in dex of refract ion 折射率reflectivity 反射率deteriorative characteristics 劣化特性process ing 力口工performa nee 性能lin ear 线性的in tegrated circuit chip 集成电路芯片stre ngth 强度ductility 延展性deterioration 恶化,劣化mecha nical stren gth 机械强度elevated temperature 高温corrosive 腐蚀性的fabrication 制造Un it 2 chemical makeup 化学组成atomic structure 原子结构adva need materials 先进材料high-tech no logy 高技术smart materials 智能材料nanoengin eered materials 纟纳米工程材料metallic materials 金属材料nonl ocalized electr ons 游离电子con ductor 导体electricity 电heat 热tran spare nt 透明的visible light 可见光polished 抛光的surface 表面lustrous 有光泽的alumi num 铝silic on 硅alumi na 氧化铝silica 二氧化硅oxide 氧化物carbide 碳化物nitride 氮化物dioxide 二氧化物clay mi nerals 黏土矿物porcela in 瓷器ceme nt 水泥mecha nical力学行为behaviorceramic materials 陶瓷材料stiffness 劲度stre ngth 强度hard 坚硬brittle 脆的fracture 破裂in sulative 绝缘的resista nt 耐 .. 的resista nee 耐力,阻力,电阻molecular structures 分子结构chai n-like 链状backb one 骨架carb on atoms 碳原子low den sities 彳氐密度mecha nical characteristics 力学特性inert 隋性synthetic (人工)合成的fiberglass 玻璃纤维polymeric 聚合物的epoxy 环氧树脂polyester 聚酯纤维carbon fiber-rei nforced polymer composite 碳纤维增强聚合物复合材料glass fiber-rei nforced materials 玻璃纤维增强材料high-stre ngth, low-de nsity structural materials 高强度低密度结构材料solar cell 太阳能电池hydrogen fuel cell 氢燃料电池catalyst 催化剂nonren ewable resource 不可再生资源Un it 3 periodic table (元素)周期表atomic structure 原子结构magn etic 磁学的optical 光学的microstructure 微观结构macrostructure 宏观结构positively charged n ucleus 带正电的原子核atomic nu mber 原子序数proto n 质子atomic weight 原子量n eutro n 中子n egatively charged electr ons 带负电的电子shell壳层magn esium 镁chemical bonds 化学键partially-filled electro n shells 未满电子壳层bond 成键metallic bond 金属键nonm etal atoms 非金属原子covale nt bond 共价键ionic bond 离子键Un it 4physical properties 物理性质chemical properties 化学性质flammability 易燃性corrosi on 腐蚀oxidatio n 氧化oxidati on resista nee 抗氧化性vapor (vapour) 蒸汽,蒸气,汽melt 熔化solidify 凝固vaporize 汽化,蒸发condense 凝聚sublime 升华state 态plasma 等离子体phase tran sformatio n temperatures den sity 密度specific gravity 比重thermal con ductivity 热导lin ear coefficie nt of thermal expa nsion electrical con ductivity and resistivity 相变温度线性热膨胀系数电导和电阻corrosi on resista nee 抗腐蚀性magn etic permeability 磁导率phase tran sformatio ns 相变phase tran siti ons 相变crystal forms 晶型melt ing point 熔点boili ng point 沸腾点vapor pressure 蒸气压atm 大气压glass tran siti on temperature 玻璃化转变温度mass 质量volume 体积per un it of volume 每单位体积the accelerati on of gravity 重力加速度temperature depe ndent 随温度而变的,与温度有关的grams/cubic cen timeter 克每立方厘米kilograms/cubic meter 千克每立方米grams/milliliter 克每毫升grams/liter 克每升pounds per cubic inch 磅每立方央寸pounds per cubic foot 磅每立方央尺corrosi on resista nee 抗腐蚀性alcohol 酒精benzene 苯magn etize 磁化magn etic induction 磁感应强度magn etic field inten sity 磁场强度con sta nt 常数vacuum 真空magn etic flux den sity 磁通密度diamag netic 反磁性的factor 因数paramag netic 顺磁性的ferromag netic 铁磁性的non-ferrous metals 非铁金属,有色金属brass 黄铜ferrous 含铁的ferrous metals 含铁金属,黑色金属relative permeability 相对磁导率transformer 变压器,变换器eddy curre nt probe 涡流探针Un it 5hard ness 硬度impact resista neefracture tough nessstructural materialsani sotropic 各向异性orie ntati on 取向texture 织构 fiber rein forceme nt Ion gitudi nal 纵向tran sverse directi onshort tran sverse direction短横向 a function of temperature温度的函数,温度条件room temperature 室温elo ngatio n 伸长率tension 张力,拉力 compressi on 压缩ben di ng 弯曲shear 剪切torsio n 扭转static load ing 静负荷dyn amic loadi ng动态载荷 cyclic loading 循环载荷,周期载荷耐冲击性 断裂韧度,断裂韧性 结构材料 纤维增强 横向cross-sect ional area 横截面stress 应力stress distributi on 应力分布strain 应变engin eeri ng stra in 工程应变perpe ndicular 垂直no rmal axis 垂直车由elastic deformati on 弹性形变plastic deformati on 塑性形变quality con trol 质量控制non destructive tests 无损检测tensile property 抗张性能,拉伸性能Unit 6lattice 晶格positive ions 正离子a cloud of delocalized electr ons 离域电子云ionization 电离,离子化metalloid 准金属,类金属nonm etal 非金属cross-sect ional area 横截面diago nal line 对角线polonium 钋semi-metal 半金属lower left 左卜万upper right 右上方con ducti on band 导带vale nee band 价带electro nic structure 电子结构syn thetic materials (人工)合成材料oxygen 氧oxide 氧化物rust 生锈potassium 钾alkali metals 碱金属alkali ne earth metals 碱土金属volatile 活泼的tran siti on metals 过渡金属oxidize 氧化barrier layer 阻挡层basic 碱性的acidic 酸性的electrochemical series 电化序electrochemical cell 电化电池cleave 解理,劈开elemental 兀素的,单质的metallic form 金属形态tightly-packed crystal lattice 密排晶格,密堆积晶格atomic radius 原子半径nu clear charge 核电荷nu mber of bonding orbitals 成键轨道数overlap of orbital en ergies 轨道能重叠crystal form 晶型pla nes of atoms 原子面a gas of n early free electr ons 近自由电子气free electro n model 自由电子模型an electr on gas 电子气band structure 能带结构binding energy 键能positive pote ntial 正势periodic pote ntial 周期性势能band gap 能隙Brillouin zone 布里渊区n early-free electr on model 近自由电子模型solid solution 固溶体pure metals 纯金属duralumin 硬铝,杜拉铝Unit 9purification 提纯,净化raw materials 原材料discrete 离散的,分散的iodi ne 碘Ion g-cha in 长链alkane 烷烃,链烃oxide 氧化物nitride 氮化物carbide 碳化物diam ond 金刚石graphite 石墨inorganic 无机的mixed ion ic-covale nt bonding 离子一共价混合键con stitue nt atoms 组成原子con ducti on mecha nism 传导机制phonon 声子phot on 光子sapphire 蓝宝石visible light 可见光computer-assisted process con trol 计算机辅助过程控制solid-oxide fuel cell 固体氧化物燃料电池spark plug in sulator 火花塞绝缘材料capacitor 电容electrode 电极electrolyte 电解质electr on microscope 电子显微镜surface an alytical methods 表面分析方法Unit 12macromolecule 高分子repeati ng structural un its 重复结构单元covale nt bond 共价键polymer chemistry 高分子化学polymer physics 高分子物理polymer scie nee 高分子科学molecular structure 分子结构molecular weights 分子量long cha ins 长链cha in-like structure 链状结构mono mer 单体plastics 塑料rubbers 橡胶thermoplastic 热塑性thermoset 热固性vulca ni zed rubbers 硫化橡胶thermoplastic elastomer 热塑弹性体n atural rubbers 天然橡胶syn thetic rubbers 合成橡胶thermoplastic 热塑性thermoset 热固性resi n 树脂polyethyle ne 聚乙烯polypropyle ne 聚丙烯polystyre ne 聚苯乙烯polyvi nyl-chloride 聚氯乙烯polyvi nyl 聚乙烯的chloride 氯化物polyester 聚酉旨polyuretha ne 聚氨酉旨polycarbo nate 聚碳酸酯nylon 尼龙acrylics 丙烯酸树脂aery Ion itrile-butadie ne-styre ne ABS 树月脂polymerization 聚合(作用)conden sati on polymerizati on 缩聚additi on polymerizatio n 力口聚homopolymer 均聚物copolymer 共聚物chemical modificati on 化学改性termino logy 术语nomen clature 命名法chemist 化学家the Noble Prize in Chemistry 诺贝尔化学奖catalyst 催化剂atomic force microscope原子力显微镜(AFM)Unit 15composite 复合材料multiphase 多相bulk phase 体相matrix 基体matrix material 基质材料rei nforceme nt 增强体reinforcing phase 增强相rei nforci ng material 力口强材料metal-matrix composite 金属基复合材料ceramic-matrix composite 陶瓷基复合材料resi n-matrix composite 树脂基复合材料stre ngthe ning mecha nism 增强机理dispers ion stren gthe ned composite 弥散强化复合材料particle rei nforced composites 颗粒增强复合材料fiber-re in forced composites 纤维增强复合材料Unit 18nano tech no logy 纟纳米技术nano structured materials 纟纳米结构材料nano meter 纟纳米nano scale 纟纳米尺度nan oparticle 纟纳米颗粒nano tube 纟纳米管nanowire 纟纳米线matrix material 基质材料nanorod 纟纳米棒nanoonion 纟纳米葱nan obulb 纳米泡fullere ne 富勒烯size parameters 尺寸参数size effect 尺寸效应critical le ngth 临界长度mesoscopic 介观的qua ntum mecha nics 量子力学qua ntum effects 量子效应surface area per un it mass 单位质量的表面积surface physics and chemistry 表面物理化学substrate 衬底,基底graphe ne 石墨烯chemical an alysis 化学分析chemical compositi on 化学成分an alytical tech niq ues 分析技术sca nning tunn eli ng microscope 扫描隧道显微镜spatial resoluti on 空间分辨率de Brogile wavele ngth 德布罗意波长mean free path of electrons (电子)平均自由程qua ntum dot 量子点band gap 带隙连续态密度discrete en ergy level 离散能级con ti nu ous den sity of statesabsorpti on 吸收in frared 红夕卜ultraviolet 紫外visible 可见qua ntum confin eme nt (effect) 量子限域效应qua ntum well 量子势阱optoelectro nic device 光电子器件en ergy spectrum 能谱electr on mean free path 电子平均自由程spin relaxati on len gth 自旋弛豫长度Unit 21biomaterial 生物材料impla nt materials 植入材料biocompatibility 生物相容性in vivo 在活体内in vitro 在活体外organ tran spla nt 器管移植calcium phosphate 磷酸钙hydroxyapatite 羟基磷灰石research and development 研发R&DPreparati on & Characterizati onprocess ing tech niq ues 力口工技术cast ing 铸造rolling 轧制,压延weld ing 焊接ion impla ntati on 离子注入thin-film depositi on 薄膜沉积crystal growth 晶体生长sin teri ng 烧结glassblowi ng 玻璃吹制an alytical tech niq ues 分析技术characterizati on tech niq ues 表征技术electr on microscopy 电子显微术X-ray diffractio n X 射线衍射calorimetry 量热法Rutherford backscatteri ng 卢瑟福背散射n eutro n diffractio n 中子衍射nu clear microscopy 核子微探针。

材料科学专业英语词汇

材料科学专业英语词汇

材料科学专业英语词汇1. Material science - 材料科学2. Properties - 物性3. Structure - 结构5. Mechanical properties - 机械性能6. Thermal properties - 热性能7. Electrical properties - 电性能8. Optical properties - 光学性能9. Chemical properties - 化学性能10. Processing - 加工11. Synthesis - 合成12. Manufacturing - 制造13. Testing - 测试14. Characterization - 表征15. Nanomaterials - 纳米材料16. Polymers - 高分子材料17. Metals - 金属18. Ceramics - 陶瓷20. Biomaterials - 生物材料21. Material selection - 材料选择22. Material degradation - 材料退化23. Corrosion - 腐蚀24. Fracture - 断裂25. Fatigue - 疲劳26. Deformation - 变形27. Microstructure - 微观结构28. Phase transformation - 相变29. Crystal structure - 晶体结构30. Surface engineering - 表面工程31. Coating - 涂层32. Thin films - 薄膜33. Materials characterization techniques - 材料表征技术34. X-ray diffraction - X射线衍射35. Scanning electron microscopy - 扫描电子显微镜36. Transmission electron microscopy - 透射电子显微镜37. Atomic force microscopy - 原子力显微镜38. Differential scanning calorimetry - 差示扫描量热计39. Tensile testing - 拉伸试验。

材料专业 专业英语

材料专业  专业英语

PrefaceMaterials science 材料科学,材料学 Mechanical properties 力学性能Smart materials 智能材料,灵敏材料 nanomaterials 纳米材料 nanotechnology 纳米技术 biomaterials 生物材料 composition 成分,组成 performance性能Microstructure, structure 微观结构,组织,结构 Synthesis and processing 合成与工艺 Inorganic materials 无机材料 Composite materials 复合材料 Polymers 聚合物,高分子 Metal, metallic 金属,金属的ceramic 陶瓷 hardness 硬度 brittleness 脆性 module 模量 density 密度 Shape memory alloys形状记忆合金华南理工大学 金属材料实验室Elemental period tablehydrogen H Rubidium Rb helium He Yttrium Y lithium Li Zirconium Zr beryllium Be Niobium Nb boron B Molybdenum Mocarbon C Palladium Pd nitrogen N Silver Ag oxygen O Cadmium Cd fluorine F Indium In Neon Ne Tin Sn sodium Na Antimony Sb magnesium Mg Iodine I aluminum Al Xenon Xe silicon Si CesiumCs phosphorus P BariumBa sulfur S Tungsten W chlorine Cl Platinum Pt argon Ar GoldAu potassium K Mercury Hg calcium Ca Lead Pb scandium Sc lanthanumLa titanium Ti CeriumCe vanadium V chromium Crmanganese Mniron Fecobalt Conickel Ni copper Cuzinc Zngallium Ga germanium Ge arsenic As selenium Se bromine Br krypton Kr华南理工大学 金属材料实验室Chapter 1 Crystal structure of metalsCrystal structure 晶体结构 Lattice constants 点阵常数 Crystalline materials 晶体材料 Lattice vectors 点阵适量 Noncrystalline materials 非晶材料 crystal 晶体 Amorphous materials 非晶材料 Bravais lattice 布拉非点阵 Corrosion resistance 耐腐蚀 Crystal system 晶系 electron 电子Alpha, beta, gammaα, β, γatom 原子 cubic 立方 nucleus 原子核 tetragonal 四方 electronegativity 电负性 orthorhombic 正交 electronpositivity 电正性 hexagonal 六方 equilibrium 平衡Rhombonhedral / trigonal菱面体 repulsion 排斥 Monoclinic 单斜 attraction 吸引 Triclinic 三斜 potential 势能 Simple cubic简单立方 Ionic bonding 离子键Body centered cubic体心立方 Covalent bonding 共价键 Unit cell晶胞Metallic bonding 金属键 Lattice parameters 点阵矢量 molecule 分子 Face centered cubic 面心立方 semiconductor 半导体 Coordination number 配位原子数 Single crystal 单晶 Hexagonal packing 六方堆垛 Anisotropic 各向异性 Allotropic transformation 同素异位转变 isotopic 各向同性 Miller indices密勒指数Polycrystalline 多晶 crystallographic 晶体学的 Imperfection 缺陷 Crystallographic direction 晶向 Point defect 点缺陷 Crystallographic plane 晶面 Line defect 线缺陷 projection投影 planar defect, surface defect 面缺陷Planar miller index/indices面指数 dislocation 位错 Diagonal对角的 vacancy 空位 Perpendicular 垂直的interstitial 间隙的 Family of directions晶向族 substitutional 替换的,置换的Family of planes晶面族 Grain boundary 晶界 Lattice point 阵点 Stacking faults 堆垛层错 metallography 金相学 Anti-phase 反相 Toughness 韧性 Twin boundary 孪晶界 Stiffness 刚性Edge dislocation 刃位错 ductility 延展性,可锻性Screw dislocation 螺位错 strengthen 强度 Mixed dislocation 混合位错 Compact 压制 sintering 烧结 Edge棱边 translation平移Packing factor 堆垛密度华南理工大学 金属材料实验室C2 Solidification of metalsSolidify, solidification 凝固 nuclei 核,核心 Free energy 自有能 Kinetic energy 动能 bronze青铜 Brass黄铜 Surface free energy 表面自由能 nucleation 形核 Critical 临界的 undercooling过冷 Homogeneous nucleation 均匀形核 Heterogeneous nucleation 非均匀形核impurity 杂质 Interface 界面 diffusion 扩散 Latent heat 潜热 Cooling 冷却 growth 生长Dendritic growth(树)枝晶生长Cast, casting 铸造,铸件 Chill zone 激冷区 Column zone 柱状区 Equiaxed zone 等轴区 shrinkage 收缩 Gas porosity气孔 Interdendritic shrinkage枝晶间收缩 Favorable orientation 择优取向 Fine grain 细晶Galvanized sheet steel(电)镀锌钢板 Preferred growth 择优生长 Planar growth 平面生长 supercooling 过冷 superheating 过热 Embryo 晶胚华南理工大学 金属材料实验室Chapter 3 Plastic deformation and recrystallizePlastic deformation塑性变形 Recrystallize, recrystallization 再结晶 load 载荷 strain 应变 stress应力 Elastic deformation 弹性变形 Tensile properties 拉伸性能 Yielding, yielding point 屈服,屈服点 Low carbon steel 低碳钢 Shear 剪切 torsion 扭折 Parallel to平行于 Slip, slip plane, slip system, slip direction 滑移,滑移面,滑移系,滑移方向The closet-packed direction/plane 密排方向/面 twinning 孪晶 Slip line, slip band 滑移线 Polycrystalline materials多晶材料Single crystal 单晶 coherency共格 Grain orientation 晶粒取向 Dislocation movement/motion位错移动 Cold working 冷加工 Warm working 中温加工 Hot working 热加工 recovery 回复 Grain growth晶粒长大hardness 硬度 indentation 压痕 indenter 压头Sphere, cone, pyramid 球形,圆锥形,四棱锥 nondestructive 非破坏性的 Brinell hardness 布氏硬度 Vickers microhardness 维氏显微硬度 Rockwell hardness 洛氏硬度 Knoop hardness 努氏硬度 forging锻造Open-die, closed-die forging 开口模,闭合模 extrusion 挤出华南理工大学 金属材料实验室Chapter 4 Phase diagram and microstructurePhase diagram 相图 precipitation 析出 microstructure微观结构,z 组织 Lamellar growth层状生长Solid-solution strengthening 固溶强化 photomicrograph 显微照片 Dispersion strengthening 弥散强化 Microconstituent 显微组织成分 Brass黄铜 Hypoeutectic 亚共晶 Equilibrium phase diagram 平衡相图 Hypereutectic 过共晶 constitution 成分 Peritectic transformation 包晶转变 component 组元 Ternary phase diagram 三元相图 Solvent atom 溶剂原子 Solute atom 溶质原子 concentration 浓度 Solid solution 固溶 Binary alloy 二元合金isomorphous 同形的,同质的 Mole percent 摩尔百分比 solubility溶解度,固溶度 Liquidus temperature, line 液相温度,液相线 Solidus temperature, line 固相温度,固相线 Isotherm line 等温线 Solvus line 溶解度曲线 Phase rule 相律 freedom 自由度 Lever rule 杠杆定律 Eutectic 共晶的 eutectoid 共析的Immiscible, unmixable互不溶的Tie line两平衡相成分点间连线Equilibrium solidification 平衡凝固 Nonequilibrium solidification 非平衡凝固Intermetallic compound 中间金属化合物 Stoichiometric 化学计量比的 nonstoichiometric 非化学计量比的 Ordered crystal structure 有序晶体结构华南理工大学 金属材料实验室Chapter 5 Iron-Carbon alloy systemcomponent 组元 steel 钢 solvent 溶剂 solute 溶质 solubility 溶解度 Dissolved 溶解于,溶于 Soluble 可溶解的 Proportion 比例 Flake 片状 transformation 相变,转变 Ferrite铁素体 Interstitial solid solution 间隙固溶体carbide碳化物 Polymorphic transformation 多型性转变 Austenite 奥氏体 magnetic 磁性的 Cementite, iron carbide 渗碳体 orthorhombic 正交的 Metastable phase亚稳相 decompose 分解 substitution 替换,置换 Pearlite 珠光体 Eutectoid 共析的 Eutectic共晶的 Hypoeutectoid steel 亚共析钢 Eutectoid steel 共析钢 Hypereutectoid steel过共析钢 Proeutectoid 先共析体Layered structure 层状组织 Plain carbon steel碳素钢 Wrought iron, pure iron 纯铁 Carbon content 碳含量 Cast iron 铸铁 Low carbon steel 低碳钢 Medium carbon steel 中碳钢 High carbon steel 高碳钢 Ferrous alloys 铁基合金 Stainless steel 不锈钢华南理工大学 金属材料实验室Chapter 6 Heat treatmentHeat treatment 热处理 Annealing 退火 Bainite 贝氏体 Martensite马氏体 Precipitation hardening 析出强化 Surface hardening 表面强化 Normalizing 正火 Quenching 淬火 Tempering回火 Isothermal transformation diagram, TTT 等温转变 Continuous cooling diagram, CCT 连续转变 Diffusive transformation 扩散型相变 Non-diffusive transformation 非扩散型相变 Lattice distortion 点阵畸变Tetragonal 四方的 Coolant 冷却剂 hardenability 淬透性 Retained austenite残留奥氏体 Lath martensite 板条马氏体 Plate martensite 片状马氏体 Unit cell 晶胞Crystallographic relationship晶体学关系,晶体学取向Matrix materials 基体材料 Habit plane 惯习面 Expansion 膨胀 Quench crack 淬火裂纹 Residual stress 残留应力 Austenitizing 奥氏体化 Austempering 奥氏体等温淬火Process anneal 加工退火 Stress relief anneal去应力退火 Composition homogenization anneal 均匀化退火 Solution treatment 固溶处理 Spheroidisation 球化处理 Air-cool 空冷 Ageing时效 Over-saturated solid solution 过饱和固溶体 Carburizing 渗碳 Pack carburizing 装箱渗碳 Gas carburizing 气体渗碳 Liquid carburizing 液体渗碳华南理工大学 金属材料实验室Wear-resistant 耐磨 Nitriding 氮化,渗氮 Cyaniding 氰化 Carbonitriding 碳氮共渗Case hardening 表面硬化,表面硬化 Chroming 镀铬 Boronizing硼化处理Heat treatment furnace 热处理炉 Localized heating局部加热 Induction hardening process 感应加热处理华南理工大学 金属材料实验室。

材料科学专业英语词汇(整理版)

材料科学专业英语词汇(整理版)

材料科学专业英语词汇(整理版)材料科学专业英语词汇(整理版)以下是一些常用的材料科学专业英语词汇:1. 材料科学 - Materials science2. 材料工程 - Materials engineering3. 物理性能 - Physical properties4. 化学性质 - Chemical properties5. 结构性能 - Structural properties6. 材料强度 - Material strength7. 弹性模量 - Elastic modulus8. 硬度 - Hardness9. 腐蚀性 - Corrosiveness10. 耐磨性 - Wear resistance11. 热导率 - Thermal conductivity12. 电导率 - Electrical conductivity13. 密度 - Density14. 能量吸收 - Energy absorption15. 环境影响 - Environmental impact16. 金属 - Metal17. 陶瓷 - Ceramic18. 聚合物 - Polymer20. 玻璃 - Glass21. 晶体 - Crystal22. 金属合金 - Metal alloy23. 电子材料 - Electronic material24. 纳米材料 - Nanomaterial25. 材料测试 - Materials testing26. 材料设计 - Materials design27. 材料拓扑优化 - Materials topology optimization28. 材料制备 - Materials synthesis29. 材料表征 - Materials characterization30. 材料耐久性 - Materials durability31. 材料再循环 - Materials recycling希望这份材料科学专业英语词汇整理对你有帮助!。

材料科学与工程专业英语词汇

材料科学与工程专业英语词汇

材料科学与工程专业英语词汇1. material 材料2. composite material 复合材料3. ceramic material 陶瓷材料4. metallic material 金属材料5. alloy 材料合金6. material properties 材料性质7. mechanical properties 机械性质8. thermal properties 热学性质9. electrical properties 电学性质10. chemical properties 化学性质11. processing technology 加工工艺12. casting process 铸造工艺13. forging process 锻造工艺14. casting alloy 铸造合金15. high-temperature casting 高温铸造16. lost wax casting 失蜡法铸造17. extrusion process 挤压工艺18. rolling process 轧制工艺19. sintering process 烧结工艺20. sintering temperature 烧结温度21. welding technology 焊接工艺22. fusion welding 熔焊23. electron beam welding 电子束焊接24. laser welding 激光焊接25. adhesive bonding 粘接工艺26. adhesive 胶粘剂27. diffusion bonding 扩散焊接28. brazing process 钎焊工艺29. metallurgy 材料科学30. crystal structure 晶体结构31. phase transformation 物相转变32. grain size 晶粒尺寸33. microstructure microstructure 分析显微组织34. texture 织构35. phase 相36. solid solution solid solution 强化的固溶体37. transformation toughening transformation强化韧化38. dislocation 位错39. grain boundary dislocation 晶界位错40. stress state 应力状态41. deformation deformation 变形42. elastic deformation 弹性变形43. plastic deformation 塑性变形44. fracture fracture 断裂45. hardness hardness testing硬度测试46. Vickers hardness tester Vickers硬度计47. Brinell hardness tester 布氏硬度计48. tensile test拉伸试验49. compressive test 压缩试验50. bending test弯曲试验51. fracture test 断口分析52. corrosion resistance耐腐蚀性53. oxidation resistance耐氧化性54. fatigue resistance耐疲劳性55. thermal stability热稳定性56. electrical conductivity电导率57. thermal conductivity热导率58. dielectric constant介电常数59. permeability磁导率60. specific heat capacity比热容61. density密度62. reinforcement reinforcement增强剂/增强纤维63. carbon fiber碳纤维增强塑料(CFRP)等。

材料专业英语常见词汇

材料专业英语常见词汇

材料专业英语常见词汇(一)Structure ['strʌktʃə] 组织Ceramic [si'ræmik]陶瓷Ductility [dʌk’tiləti]塑性Stiffness [’stifnis] 刚度Grain [ɡrein]晶粒Phase [feiz]相Unit cell 单胞Bravais lattice 布拉菲[’lætis]布拉菲点阵Stack [stæk]堆垛Crystal [’kristəl] 晶体Metallic crystal structure [mi’tælik, me—]金属性晶体点阵Non-directional [,nɔndi'rekʃənəl, -dai-] 无方向性Face—centered cubic ['kju:bik]面心立方Body—centered cubic 体心立方Hexagonal close-packed [hek'sæɡənəl]['kləus’pækt]密排六方Copper [’kɔpə] 铜Aluminum [ə'lju:minəm]铝Chromium [’krəumjəm] 铬Tungsten [’tʌŋstən] 钨Crystallographic Plane [,kristələu’ɡræfik][plein] 晶面Crystallographic direction 晶向Property ['prɔpəti]性质Miller indices [’indisi:z]米勒指数Lattice parameters ['lætis][pə’ræmitə] 点阵参数Tetragonal [te’træɡənəl] 四方的Hexagonal [hek’sæɡənəl]六方的Orthorhombic [,ɔ:θə'rɔmbik]正交的Rhombohedra [,rɔmbəu’hi:drə] 菱方的Monoclinic [,mɔnəu'klinik] 单斜的Prism ['prizm] 棱镜Cadmium ['kædmiəm] 镉Coordinate system [kəu'ɔ:dinit, kəu’ɔ:dineit]坐标系Point defect ['di:fekt,di’f—, di'fekt] 点缺陷Lattice ['lætis] 点阵Vacancy [’veikənsi]空位Solidification [,səlidifi’keiʃən]结晶Interstitial [,intə’stiʃəl]间隙Substitution [,sʌbsti'tju:ʃən] 置换Solid solution strengthening [sə’lju:ʃən] ['streŋθən, 'streŋkθən]固溶强化Diffusion [di’fju:ʒən]扩散Homogeneous [,hɔmə'dʒi:niəs,,həu—] 均匀的Diffusion Mechanisms [di’fju:ʒən] ['mekənizəm]扩散机制Lattice distortion [dis'tɔ:ʃən]点阵畸变Self—diffusion [’selfdi,fju:ʒən]自扩散Fick’s First Law 菲克第一定律Unit time 单位时间Coefficient [,kəui’fiʃənt] 系数Concentration gradient [,kɔnsən'treiʃən]['ɡreidiənt]浓度梯度Dislocation [,disləu'keiʃən]位错Linear defect [’liniə]['di:fekt, di’f—, di’fekt] 线缺陷Screw dislocation [skru:] 螺型位错Edge dislocation [edʒ] 刃型位错Vector ['vektə]矢量Loop [lu:p]环路Burgers’vector[’bə:ɡəs] 柏氏矢量Perpendicular [,pə:pən'dikjulə] 垂直于Surface defect 面缺陷Grain boundary [ɡrein][’baundəri] 晶界Twin boundary [twin] 晶界Shear force [ʃiə]剪应力Deformation [,di:fɔ:’meiʃən]变形Small ( or low) angle grain boundary [’æŋɡl]小角度晶界Tilt boundary [tilt]倾斜晶界Supercooled [,sju:pə'ku:ld] 过冷的Solidification [,səlidifi’keiʃən] 凝固Ordering process 有序化过程材料专业英语常见词汇(二)Crystallinity [,kristə'linəti] 结晶度Microstructure ['maikrəu,strʌktʃə] 纤维组织Term 术语Phase Diagram [feiz]['daiəɡræm] 相图Equilibrium [,i:kwi'libriəm]平衡Melt 熔化Cast 浇注Crystallization [,kristəlai'zeiʃən]结晶Binary Isomorphous Systems ['bainəri] [,aisəu’mɔ:fəs] 二元匀晶相图Soluble ['sɔljubl]溶解Phase Present 存在相Locate 确定Tie line 连接线Isotherm ['aisəuθə:m]等温线Concentration 浓度Intersection 交点The Lever Law 杠杆定律Binary Eutectic System [’bainəri][ju:’tektik] 二元共晶相图Solvus Line [’sɔlvəs] 溶解线Invariant [in’vεəriənt]恒定Isotherm ['aisəuθə:m] 恒温线Cast Iron 铸铁Ferrite ['ferait] 珠光体Polymorphic transformation [,pɔli'mɔ:fik][,trænsfə'meiʃən]多晶体转变Austenite ['ɔstinait]奥氏体Revert [ri'və:t,’ri:və:t]回复Intermediate compound [,intə’mi:djət][kəm'paund] 中间化合物Cementite [si'mentait]渗碳体Vertical ['və:tikəl]垂线Nonmagnetic [,nɔnmæɡ’netik] 无磁性的Solubility [,sɔlju’biləti] 溶解度Brittle ['britl]易脆的Eutectic [ju:'tektik]共晶Eutectoid invariant point[ju:’tektɔid] [in'vεəriənt]共析点Phase transformation 相变Allotropic [,æləu’trɔpik,—kəl]同素异形体Recrystallization [ri:,kristəlai’zeiʃən] 再结晶Metastable [,metə'steibl]亚稳的Martensitic transformation [,mɑ:tin'zitik]马氏体转变Lamellae ?薄片Simultaneously [saiməl’teiniəsli]同时存在Pearlite [’pə:lait]珠光体Ductile [’dʌktail, -til] 可塑的Mechanically [mi'kænikəli] 机械性能Hypo eutectoid ['haipəu][ju:'tektɔid]过共析的Particle ['pɑ:tikl] 颗粒Matrix ['meitriks]基体,矩阵Proeutectoid ?先共析Hypereutectoid [,haipəju'tektɔid] 亚共析的Bainite [’beinait] 贝氏体Martensite [’mɑ:tnzait]马氏体Linearity [,lini'ærəti] 线性的Stress—strain curve [kə:v] 应力—应变曲线Proportional limit [prəu'pɔ:ʃənəl]比例极限Tensile strength ['tensail, —səl]抗拉强度Ductility [dʌk’tiləti] 延展性Percent reduction in area 断面收缩率Hardness 硬度Modulus of Elasticity [’mɔdjuləs][,elæs’tisəti]弹性模量Tolerance ['tɔlərəns] 公差Rub 摩擦Wear 磨损Corrosion resistance [’tɔlərəns][ri'zistəns] 抗腐蚀性Aluminum [ə’lju:minəm]铝Zinc [ziŋk] 锌Iron ore ['aiən][ɔ:] 铁矿材料专业英语常见词汇(三)Blast furnace ['baiəu,blæst] ['fə:nis]高炉Coke [kəuk]焦炭Limestone [’laimstəun] 石灰石Slag [slæɡ] 熔渣Pig iron 生铁Ladle ['leidl]钢水包Silicon ['silikən, -kɔn]硅Sulphur ['sʌlfə] 硫Wrought [rɔ:t]可锻的Graphite [’ɡræfait] 石墨Flaky ['fleiki] 片状Low-carbon steels 低碳钢Case hardening 表面硬化Medium—carbon steels 中碳钢Electrode [i'lektrəud] 电极As a rule 通常Preheating [’pri:hi:tiŋ]预热Quench [kwentʃ]淬火Body-centered lattice 体心晶格Carbide [’kɑ:baid]碳化物Hypereutectoid [,haipəju'tektɔid] 过共晶Chromium [’krəumjəm]铬Manganese [’mæŋɡə,ni:s, ,mæŋɡə'ni:z] 锰Molybdenum [mɔ'libdinəm]钼Titanium [tai’teiniəm, ti—]钛Cobalt [kəu’bɔ:lt] 钴Tungsten ['tʌŋstən] 钨Vanadium [və’neidiəm]钒Pearlitic microstructure [pə:’litik] 珠光体组织Martensitic microstructure [,mɑ:tin’zitik] 马氏体组织Viscosity [vi’skɔsəti]粘性Wrought [rɔ:t] 锻造的Magnesium [mæɡ’ni:ziəm, -ʃi—]镁Flake [fleik] 片状Malleable [’mæliəbl]可锻的Nodular [’nɔdjulə, —dʒə-]球状Spheroidal [sfiə'rɔidəl] 球状Superior property [sju:’piriə, sju:pə—] [’prɔpəti]优越性Galvanization [,ɡælvənai’zeiʃən,—ni'z—] 镀锌Versatile [’və:sətail]通用的Battery grid 电极板Calcium [’kælsiəm]钙Tin [tin]锡Toxicity [tɔk'sisəti] 毒性Refractory [ri’fræktəri]耐火的Platinum ['plætinəm] 铂Polymer ['pɔlimə]聚合物Composite [’kɔmpəzit]混合物Erosive [i'rəusiv] 腐蚀性Inert [i'nə:t] 惰性Thermo chemically ['θə:məu][’kemikəli] 热化学Generator ['dʒenəreitə] 发电机Flaw [flɔ:] 缺陷Variability [,vεəriə'biləti] 易变的Annealing ?退火Tempering [’tempəriŋ] 回火Texture ['tekstʃə] 织构Kinetic [ki'netik, kai-]动力学Peculiarity [pi,kju:li'æriti] 特性Critical point 临界点Dispersity ? 弥散程度Spontaneous [spɔn’teiniəs]自发的Inherent grain [in'hiərənt][ɡrein 本质晶粒Toughness [’tʌfnis] 韧性Rupture ['rʌptʃə] 断裂Kinetic curve of transformation 转变动力学曲线Incubation period [,inkju'beiʃən]孕育期Sorbite ['sɔ:bait] 索氏体Troostite ['tru:stait] 屈氏体Disperse [dis’pə:s]弥散的Granular [’ɡrænjulə]颗粒状Metallurgical [,melə’lə:dʒik,-kəl] 冶金学的Precipitation [pri,sipi’teiʃən] 析出Depletion [di'pli:ʃən] 减少Quasi—eutectoid ['kweizai][ju:’tektɔid 伪共析Superposition [,sju:pəpə'ziʃən] 重叠Supersede [,sju:pə'si:d] 代替Dilatometric [,dilətəu'metrik]膨胀Unstable [,ʌn’steibl] 不稳定Supersaturate [,sju:pə'sætʃəreit]使过饱和Tetragonality ?正方度Shear [ʃiə]切变Displacement [dis'pleismənt] 位移Irreversible [,iri'və:səbl]不可逆的。

材料专业英语词汇汇总

材料专业英语词汇汇总

材料专业英语词汇汇总Materials Science and Engineering Terminology.Atomic and Crystalline Structure.Atom: The smallest unit of an element that retains its chemical properties.Crystal: A solid with a regular and repeating arrangement of atoms or molecules.Crystal structure: The three-dimensional arrangement of atoms or molecules within a crystal.Lattice: A regular array of points representing the positions of atoms or molecules in a crystal.Unit cell: The smallest repeating unit in a crystal.Mechanical Properties.Strength: The ability of a material to resist deformation or failure under load.Stiffness: The resistance of a material to deformation under stress.Elasticity: The ability of a material to recover its shape after deformation.Plasticity: The ability of a material to deform permanently under stress.Fracture toughness: The resistance of a material to crack propagation.Thermal Properties.Thermal conductivity: The ability of a material to conduct heat.Specific heat capacity: The amount of heat required toraise the temperature of a unit mass of a material by one degree.Melting point: The temperature at which a material changes from a solid to a liquid.Boiling point: The temperature at which a material changes from a liquid to a gas.Electrical Properties.Electrical conductivity: The ability of a material to conduct electricity.Semiconductor: A material with electrical conductivity between that of a conductor and an insulator.Insulator: A material with very low electrical conductivity.Superconductor: A material that exhibits zeroelectrical resistance at certain temperatures.Magnetic Properties.Magnetic susceptibility: The extent to which a material is magnetized in response to an external magnetic field.Ferromagnetism: A material that is strongly attracted to magnets and can retain magnetization.Paramagnetism: A material that is weakly attracted to magnets.Diamagnetism: A material that is repelled by magnets.Optical Properties.Refractive index: The ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to the speed of light in a material.Optical bandgap: The energy difference between the valence band and the conduction band in a semiconductor orinsulator.Absorption coefficient: The measure of how much light is absorbed by a material.Composite Materials.Composite: A material made of two or more different materials that are combined to achieve desired properties.Matrix: The continuous phase of a composite.Reinforcement: The discontinuous phase of a composite that enhances specific properties.Nanomaterials.Nanomaterial: A material with at least one dimension in the nanometer range (1-100 nm).Nanotube: A cylindrical nanostructure with a diameter in the nanometer range.Nanoparticle: A three-dimensional nanostructure with dimensions in the nanometer range.Nanowire: A one-dimensional nanostructure with a diameter in the nanometer range.Processing and Characterization Techniques.Casting: A process of forming a metal object by pouring molten metal into a mold.Forging: A process of shaping metal by hammering or pressing it under high temperature.Extrusion: A process of forming a metal object by forcing it through a die.Sintering: A process of bonding metal powders into a solid object by heating them below their melting point.Microscopy: A technique used to examine the structureand properties of materials at high magnification.Spectroscopy: A technique used to determine the chemical composition and molecular structure of materials.Diffraction: A technique used to determine the crystalline structure and defects in materials.。

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材料专业英语
1目录
PARTⅠMetallic材料及热处理............................................. . (2)
1.金属机械性能............................................ . (2)
2.铁碳平衡图.......................................... .. (7)
3.钢 (10)
4.铸铁 (15)
5.转变曲线.............................................. (18)
6.钢热处理........................................... .. (21)
7.表面硬化.............................................. .. (24)
8.有色合金.............................................. .. (27)
9.非金属材料.............................................. .. (31)
PARTⅡ金属成型技术............................................. . (35)
1.砂型铸造 (35)
2.锻造(Ⅰ) (39)
3.锻造(Ⅱ) (45)
4.焊接(Ⅰ) (49)
5.焊接(Ⅱ) (59)
金属的一部分Ⅲ加工............................................. . (64)
1.基本定义为刀尖与未变形切屑尺寸 (64)
切削加工2.物理基础初步信息 (68)
3.切削力和切削功率........................................... . (73)
4.发动机车床 (77)
5.铣床和铣刀........................................... . (81)
6.磨 (85)
7.数控 (91)
第一部分金属材料及热处理
1.金属机械性能
一种材料通常可以从另一个由物理性质,如颜色,密度,比热,热膨胀系数,导热性和导电性,磁特性,和熔点的系数的装置区分开来。

其中的一些,例如热导率,电导率,和密度,可能是最重要的选择材料用于某些特定用途。

描述如何的材料反应以机械的使用这些属性,但是,通常更重要的是工程师在选择材料与设计方面。

这些机械性质涉及材料如何将服务期间发生反应的各种负荷。

机械性能的材料制成的,以施加的力的特性的响应。

这些属性分为五大类:强度,硬度,弹性,塑性,和韧性。

(1)强度是材料抵抗作用力的能力。

根据施加负载的种类,强度可以是拉伸,压缩或剪切。

通过应用负载的,材料的弹性变形,这就是所谓的应变。

它可以
被定义为
由材料所提供的阻力也被称为然后可以被定义为应力
引起的材料的变形是两种类型,弹性和塑性的。

弹性变形的变形材料,其中,当所施加的负载被移除,将弹回到其正常形状的部分。

塑性变形,另一方面,永久设置在材料中,并且不能被重新获得。

拉伸强度通过拉伸试验进行的万能试验机上测量的。

这涉及一个试样按图所示标准的制备。

1.1。

标准样品是圆柱形的具有直径d的横截面。


计长度L由下式给出
Then然后一个均匀增加拉伸载荷被施加在试样上。

随着负载的增加试样最初被弹性地伸长。

上进一步延伸,试样开始颈缩在某些时候当材料超出弹性范围。

试样的宽度减小会进一步负载力的作用下被降低并且最后发展裂缝时测试完成。

在测试过程中,一个记录被保持负载以及相应伸长的。

应力和应变从上述数据计算并绘制在图中所示的图。

1.2 C20钢。

可以观察到,有一个限度达到所施加的应力成正比如由曲线的线性部分表示的感应变形。

这种线性部分的端部是该材料高于该材料开始塑性变形的屈服点。

在塑性区,还有如由曲线的弓形部分的应力和应变之间的非线性关系。

最后,当施加载荷的力超出了限制,可以通过在材料,试样断裂承担。

在弹性极限的应力称为屈服强度。

在断裂之前的材料达到最大应力称为极限强度。

类似试验,也可用于测量压缩和剪切强度进行的。

桥大梁,电梯电缆,和建筑横梁都必须有此属性。

(2)硬度是材料抵抗穿透和磨损的能力。

它一般可以通过用较硬的材料制成的压痕测量。

取得的压痕取决于施加的负载,所述压头的清晰度和的量,施加的负荷被保持的时间。

有一些压痕测试来测量材料的硬度通常。

这些通常涉及一个球,一锥形或根据测试缩进到材料以特定载荷施加较硬的材料的一个金字塔。

这样制成的永久压痕测量,得到在给定的比例为测试硬度的指示。

最常用的测试是:布氏硬度试验中,在一个球体由钢或碳化钨(通常直径10±0.01毫米)缩进成直角的逐渐施加负载到样品表面和压痕直径制成试样上测量。

然后布氏硬度数,BHN 由下式给出
其中P是施加的负载(公斤),
D是球(毫米)和d的直径为压痕(毫米)施加的载荷的直径,P是基于样品材料的硬度被测试。

需要使用布氏测试期间必须采取一些预防措施是,该材料的表面,其硬度被测试应光滑和均匀,并有足够的材料压痕下方并在各方面,得到了一个适当的值压痕。

洛氏试验利用原则,即压头的穿透深度是成正比的材料的硬度。

因此,硬度测定是更
快与其他方法相比。

在洛氏试验,120°角的SPHERO圆锥形金刚石锥和半径0.2毫米的球状顶点是用来使压痕与压痕的深度,t被用作准则来计算硬度值。

500吨- 洛氏硬度数(R)的由R = 100定
根据用于缩进有一些秤的A,B,C等在罗克韦尔测试中可用的负载。

这些都是用于材料具有不同的硬度。

在洛氏B测试,为0.0625英寸直径的钢球时为100千克的负荷。

这个试验通常用于低和中碳钢。

它不应该被用于材料,其硬度是上述的RB 100。

材料与上述此值洛氏C试验(30 RB对应于0 RC)是使用更为普遍的硬度。

这是测量硬度,因为硬度可以直接从洛氏硬度计上的刻度读取的最快方法。

此外,也有其他的测试,如维氏和努氏硬度试验
测量硬度超过一个小区域。

切削工具,文件和演练必须耐磨损或磨损。

装甲板,破碎机械,金属轧辊钢厂都必须抵御渗透。

(3)弹性是弹回到原来的形状的能力。

汽车保险杠和弹簧都应该有这样的品质。

(4)延展性是经过外形的永久性变化而不破裂的能力。

在定量方面,它通常被测量为断裂的材料的伸长率的拉伸测试到原始长度期间的比率,以百分比表示。

紧接在骨折后的拉伸试验中得到的伸长的最终值可以作为延展性。

由于伸长率取决于选择用于拉伸试验的标距长度,该长度必须随伸长率值指定。

或者,它也可以被表示为在横截面面积在断裂试样的初始横截面面积减少的比率。

这是独立的标距长度,因此是一种更方便的量度为延展性。

它也被称为被拖入导线的材料的能力,因为只有韧性材料可被抽入连续的电线不破坏在其间。

除了拉伸测试根据所需的一个pplication延性测试的特殊形式可使用弯曲试验和拔罐测试的板金成型应用的目的而进行的。

脆性是相反的延展性的财产。

现代,深形成汽车车身和翼子板,以及其它冲压成型的产品必须具有这种性质。

(5)韧性是吸收机械施加能量的能力。

总之它是采取冲击负荷的能力。

它可以被看作是在应力应变曲线下的总面积,因为它是工作的,而不会引起断裂完成对材料的量的指示。

因而韧性可被视为包括两个强度和延展性的一个参数。

材料的韧性通过冲击试验,其中一个缺口图1.3 Charpy冲击试验机酒吧制备按照标准从测试材料来测量,在一个副保持和重被允许从以这样的已知高度摆动一种方式,它击中其路径缺口酒吧和打破它。

由于材料有其断裂过程中吸收能量的一定量,摆动质量失去其能量的一部分,因此将不能够达到从那里开始,如图图1.3相同的高度。

乘以权重的高度(h)上的损失表示由断裂时试样,它可以从测试仪上的指示器被直接测量所吸收的能量。

图。

试样装夹方法1.4类型
Fig.1.5标准测试试样的冲击试验
在夏比冲击试验,试样被保持两个线夹之间,而在悬臂梁式冲击试验的试样保持在一端像悬臂在图1.4表示。

在艾佐德和夏比冲击试验中所用的标准测试样品是由棒具有10mm 的正方形横截面,其细节示于Fig.1.5。

耐冲击性是取决于材料的成分以及赋予它的热处理工艺。

将退火的材料通常将具有比相应的归一化或淬火试样更好的韧性。

粗粒结构将趋向于具有更高的延展性相比,细晶粒结构,从而更好的韧性。

韧性是需要在火车车厢,汽车车桥,液压锤,导轨,及类似产品。

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