八年级上册形容词和副词的比较等级

形容词和副词的比较等级

一、形容词和副词有三个等级：1.原级。2.比校级，表示“较……”或

“更…… 一些”的意思。3•最高级，表示“最……”的意思。

二.形容词.副词比较等级的构成：

(一人规则变化：

①一般直接在形容词或副词后加・ei•或・est,

jn： small ― smaller — smallest long—longer—longest

②以不发音・e结尾的形容词或副词直接加-1•或-st,

jn：large •- largest ・■• largest nice—nicer—nicest

③以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的，双写该辅音字母，再

加・ei•或-esto big —bigger—biggest hot…hotter—hottest

④以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词和副词，把“y”变“i”，再加-ei•或・est・

busy—busier—busiest happy—happier—happiest

⑤論分双音节及多音节形容諒或副词前要加more和most构成比较级和最

高级，如：

slowly ・■• more slowly most slowly

(lifficult—more difficult—most difficult beautiful—more beautiful…most beautiful

(二)、不规则的变化：

good / well—better …best manv/much•“more•“most bad / ill /

badly …worse—worst little…less…least

far …farther / further …farthest/ furthest

old…older/ elder…oldest/ eldest

三、形容词、副词原级的用法

1.修饰形容词副词原级的常见的词有:very, so, too, enough, quite等。

2.常用句型：

(1)“甲+be动词+as+形容词原级+as+乙”

“甲+谓语动词+as+副词原级+as+乙”

表示甲乙两者在某一方面程度相等。

I'm as tall as you. He runs as fast as you.

(2)“ 甲 + be+not+as/so + 形/副原级 + as + 乙"

"甲+ don,t/(loesn,t+行为动词原形+ as/so +形/副原级+ as +乙” 表示甲不如乙•・・・・・

Um not as/so tall as you • He doesiTt run as/so fast as you.

This book isiTt as/so interesting as that one.

(3)“甲+谓语动词+less+形/副原级+than +乙"表示甲不如乙.・・・・・

This book is less interesting than that one.

Tom writes less carefully than Jim.

四、形容词、副词比较奴的用法：

1.表示两者进行比较就用比较级，修饰形容词副词比较级的常见的词有：a little, a bit, a lot, still, no, any, much, even , far 等。

2•比较级常用句型：

（1）“甲+be+形容词比较级+ than+乙”

“甲+行为动词+副词比较级+ than+乙”表示甲比乙........

注意：than后面接代词时，一般要用主格形式，但在口语中也可使用宾格形式。如：My brother is taller than I / me.

Lilyas room is bigger than mine.

Tom writes more carefully than Jim.

⑵甲+谓语动词+比较级+ than+ any other+单数名词+ （介词短语）表示甲比其他任何一个・・・・・・•都・・・・・・

Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China.

Tom writes more carefully than any other sudent in his class.

⑶“甲+谓语动词+ the +比较级+ of the two +其他”表示“甲是两者中较… 的Lucy is the taller of the two girls.

⑷"比较级+and +比较级” “more and more +多音节形容词/副词”表示“越来越•・・・・・”

It's getting warmer and warmer in spring.

Our hometown is becoming more and more beautiful.

(5)“the+比较级,the +比较级”表示“越.・・•就越•・・・・・”

The more we get together, the happier we will be.我们聚会得越多，我们就越高兴。

The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.

(6)Who/ Which +谓语动词+比较级，甲or乙？表示两者之间进行选择“哪Who is taller, Li Ming or Wang Tao?

Which sweater is more beautiful, the yellow one or the pink one?

Who draws better ,Tom or Jim?

五、最高级的用法：

1.表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用最高级。形容词的最高级要加定冠词the,副词最高级前的the可有可无。

注意：当形容词最高级前有物主代词，指示代词，名词所有格修饰时，不再加the.

2.最高级主要句型有：

⑴ 甲+谓语动词+the + adj./adv.最髙级（+名词单数）+of/ in短语

“甲在某一范围或某一群体中最••••”

a. in表示“在…内（指某范围内）”可以跟表示单位，组织，时间等单数名词. He runs the fastest in his class.

b. of表示属性（指在同类的人,物中）后可接：®the +基数词②the +基数词+ 名词复数③all +the +复数名词④all

eg. Jim works hardest of us all.

Jim works hardest of the three （studen⑸

Tom gets up most earlier of all the students.

My mother is the busiest in my family

（2 ）甲】谓语动词+ the +序数词】形/副•最高级+单数名词+in/of短语叭••是