基于单片机的电子脉搏血压计的设计

基于单片机的电子脉搏血压计的设计

摘要

人们在日常生活或是医学上常常是通过测量脉搏跳动的力度和频率来检测身体的健康状况，而普通的方法是用手按在人腕部的动脉上，根据脉搏的跳动进行计数，这样不仅测量时间长而且精度不高，为了节省测量时间，一般不采用长时间测量，而是几秒钟之内测出脉搏数。本文介绍一种基于STC89C52单片机的电子脉搏计，通过测量腕部动脉的压力，把压力转变为电信号，送入单片机，可以在3秒钟之内精确测量出每分钟脉搏数，测量结果用三位LED数码管显示，并且脉搏波形通过串口送入PC机，实时显示脉搏波形。

脉搏计是最常用的医疗检查设备之一，实时准确的脉搏测量在日常生活、患者监控、临床治疗及体育运动等方面都有着广泛的应用。脉搏测量包括瞬时脉搏测量和平均脉搏测量。瞬时脉搏可以反映心率的快慢，同时能反映心率是否匀齐；平均脉搏测量虽然只能反映心率的快慢，但记录方便。本文设计的电子脉搏计可以把这两个参数在测量时都记录下来并且显示，瞬时测量结果通过PC机实时显示，平均脉搏测量结果通过LED七段数码管显示。

关键词：STC89C52 单片机脉搏串口

Based on SCM electronic pulse plan

design

Abstract

People in daily life or medicine is often measured by the pulse frequency and strength to detect the health status of body by hand, and ordinary people by the arteries in the wrist, according to a pulse count, thus not only beat measuring time long and accuracy is not high, in order to save the measuring time, generally does not use the long time measurement, but a few seconds pulse count. Measured This paper introduces a STC89C52 MCU based on the electronic pulse plan, by measuring the pressure, the wrist artery pressure into electrical signals, into a single-chip microcomputer, can accurate measurement in three seconds per minute, a pulse with measurement results number three LED digital display, and pulse tube through a serial port into PCS, real-time display pulse waveform.

Pulse meter is one of the most commonly used in the medical examination device, real-time accurate measurement of the pulse of daily life, patient monitoring, clinical treatment and other aspects of sports have a wide range of applications. Pulse measurements include transient pulse measurement and the average pulse measurement. Instantaneous heart rate may reflect the speed of the pulse, while heart rate can reflect whether the uniform homogeneous; average heart rate, pulse measurement can only reflect the speed though, but the record of convenience. This design of elec- tronic pulse meter to measure these two parameters are recorded and displayed the time, instantaneous measurements in real time through the PC, shows that the average pulse measurements by seven segment LED digital display.

Keywords: STC89C52; microcontroller; pulse; the serial interface

目录

1 引言 (1)

2 总体设计思路 (2)

2.1 方案设计与选取 (2)

2.1.1 总体流程图 (2)

2.1.2 方案选择 (2)

2.2 总体电路图 (3)

3 硬件电路结构模块 (5)

3.1 单片机的选取 (5)

3.1.1 STC89C52引脚功能说明 (5)

3.1.2 振荡电路 (6)

3.1.3 复位电路 (6)

3.2 AD转换电路模块 (7)

3.2.1 ADC0809引脚功能 (7)

3.2.2 ADC0809主要特性 (8)

3.2.3 ADC0809工作过程 (8)

3.2.4 ADC0809与单片机接口电路 (9)

3.2.5 ADC0809与PC机连接 (10)

3.3 传感器的选取 (11)

4 软件程序设计 (14)

4.1 脉搏计数模块的设计 (14)

4.1.1 脉搏计数程序方案的选取 (14)

4.1.2 脉搏计数代码设计 (15)

4.2 LED数码管显示模块设计 (16)

4.2.1 显示模块的选取 (16)

4.2.2 LED数码管与单片机的接口电路 (17)

4.2.3 LED数码管驱动程序的设计 (18)

4.3 AD转换模块的设计 (19)

4.4 串口发送程序设计 (20)

4.5 上位机程序及界面设计 (21)

4.5.1 上位机程序的设计 (21)

4.5.2 上位机界面的设计 (23)

4.6 扩展血压计功能 (23)

5 软硬件调试 (24)