人教版英语八年级上册第三单元Unit3知识点讲练-教学文档
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八年级上册Unit 3
Section A Page 17
1. 两个事物进行比较可以用形容词或副词的比较级表达:
(1) A + be+ 形容词比较级+ than +B (A比B更… )
Jane is taller than Kate.
(2) A + 动词+ 副词比较级+ than +B (A比B更… )
Jane runs faster than Kate.
2. 形容词的比较级的构成。
(1) 比较级一般在形容词后加_________, 如:tall—taller, short—shorter, old—older
(2)以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词,应该_______________________, 如:funny—funnier,
heavy—heavier. 单音节词除外,如: shy— shyer
(3)如果只有一个元音字母,并且后有一个辅音字母结尾,应该
___________________________, 如:big—bigger, thin—thinner
(4)多音节词的比较级,应该___________________, 如:outgoing—more outgoing,
beautiful—more beautiful
(5)不规则词的变化需要死记:
good/well---___________; bad/ill--____________, many/much---_________;
little---________; far--_______
3. (1) both….and…. 表“两者都”,连接两个主语时视为复数。如:
Both you or I ______ right. ( be ) 你和我都是对的
(2) either...or…表“要么…要么…”,连接两个主语时,谓语动词遵守就近原则。如:
Either you or I ______ right. ( be ) 要么你要么我是对的
4. both表“两者都”,all表“多者都”
题:_______ of my parents are teachers. We are ________ in China.
5. play the drums 打鼓(乐器前要加the,drum要用复数,架子鼓不止一个)
6. heavy (1)重的(2) 胖的,同义词为fat,反义词为thin.
7. 反义疑问句:前面是陈述句,用来表达自己的观点,后面反问对方以证实自己的观点。
基本规律为前肯后否,前否后肯。后面的附加疑问句的构成与改一般疑问句的方法相同。
如:①He isn’t a teacher, ___________ ? ②She can dance, _________ ?
③He likes English, __________?
(1)反义疑问句的回答根据事实用Yes或No来回答,但前否后肯的很容易出错,可改成
一般疑问句或前肯后否再作回答。如;
He can’t sing, ___________ ? ( 如果他能,怎么回答)----- _______________
(2) this, that 和表物的不定代词做主语,用it代替;表人的不定代词用they来代替。
Something is wrong, __________ ? Everyone likes English, _____________ ?
(3)反意疑问句的陈述部分带有little, few, never, hardly, seldom等否定意义的词时,问句部
分用肯定式。如:There is litter water in the cup , __________ ?
(4)反意疑问句的陈述部分含有由un-, im-, in-, dis-, 等否定意义的前缀构成的词语时,陈
述部分要视为肯定含义,问句部分用否定形式。如:
Your father is unhappy, ___________ ?
(5)反意疑问句的陈述部分为I don't think+ that从句时,从句为否定意义,问句部分的动
词和主语仍与that从句保持一致且用肯定式。如:
I don't think that you can do it, __________? (不用do I?)
(6)陈述部分为Let's……时,因为此句型用来提建议,所以问句部分习惯上用shall we?
如:Let's go home together, shall we?
(7)陈述部分为Let us……时,问句部分习惯上用will you?形式。如:
Let us stop to rest, will you?
(8)陈述部分为祈使句,问句部分可以用will you和won’t you。
①Please open the window, won’t you? (肯定祈使句有时也可以用will you?提问)
②Don't make any noise, will you? (否定祈使句只能用will you ?)
Section A Page 18
1. 形容词和副词
(1)形容词常译为“....的”。①常放名词前,修饰名词,如:a good boy ②也可以放系动词后做表语,用来描述主语是怎么样的。如:The boy is good.
(2)副词常译为“…地”。常放动词后,修饰动词,表“怎样地做某事”,很多副词以ly结
尾,如do well;run fast;get up early;talk loudly;speak quietly.
2. 以ly结尾的副词和形容词,一般前面加more 构成比较级,但early和friendly 例外。如:
loudly→more loudly,quietly →more quietly,early →earlier,friendly →friendlier
3. 同级比较:表两事物是一样的,形容词和副词用原形。
(1)A +be +as +形容词原形+ as +B ( A和B是一样地…)
Jane is as tall as Kate.
(2)A +动词+as +副词原形+ as +B ( A和B做某事一样地…)
Tara works as hard as Tina.
(3) not as…as = not so…as表“不如...”, 常可以与比较级转换。如:
Jane is not as/so tall as Kate. (Jane不如Kate高。)
= Kate is taller than Jane. (Kate比Jane更高)
3. the singing competition 唱歌比赛
4. fantastic = great 好极了的It was fantastic/ great
5. Which 用来问“哪一个”,回答常用“The + 名词+描述性短语”,如:
________ one was Lisa ? ---- The one with shorter hair. ( A. Who B. Which C. What )
6. win ( won )赢,后接比赛、名词、奖品做宾语,如:
He won the game. He won the first place.
7. 不定式可以放be 动词后做表语,表“….是去做某事”,如
The most important thing is to learn something new. 最重要的事是去学新的东西。
Their dream is _________ a bridge. ( have )
My job was _______ chickens. (feed)
8. learn something new 学习新的东西(形容词放不定代词后)
9. have fun = enjoy oneself = have a good time 玩得开心,过得愉快
have fun doing sth. 在做某事中过得愉快We have fun ________ English. ( learn )
Section A Page 19
1. 比较级的几种特殊用法:
(1) “比较级+ and + 比较级”或“more and more +多音节词”表示“越来越……”
如:① warmer and warmer ② more and more beautiful.
(2) “the +比较级+句子, the+比较级+句子”,表示“越……,越……”。
The more we get together, the happier we’ll be. 我们越多的在一起,我们就越快乐。
(3) 修饰比较级的词有:a little, much, a lot, rather, even等,不能用very修饰比较级
He is ______ taller than me. ( A. a few B. a little C. very D. many )
(4) 两个相同对象进行比较,为了避免重复,常用that来代替前面的单数比较对象,用