上海市九年级初三中考英语词性转换知识专练-教案

初中中考词性转换

考试基本要求

1.掌握教材中常用词的规则和不规则的词性变化形式；

2.知道常见的构词法，会归纳教材中常见词的词性转换，派生词；

3.熟记教材中的同根反义词。

复习策略

1.根据上下文先确定空处应填何种词性的词；

2.确定该词应作何种词性变化（特别注意同根反义词和缩略形式）；

3.大写字母。

常见词性转换类型有：(1)v.-n.动词转化为名词

post-postage mail-mail weigh-weight advise-advice

(2)v.-n.-a.动词转化成名词-形容词

act-actor / actress-active change-change-changeable

(3) v.-a.-ad.-n.动词转化成形容词，副词，名词

fill-full need-necessary-necessarily interest(v. / n.)-- interested --interesting

(4)n. a.名词转化为形容词

person --personal ( 个人的; 私人的) fun --funny

(5)n. pl. 名词转化为名词复数

gentleman --gentlemen human--- humans

（6)a. ad. 形容词转化为副词

possible--- possibly probable probably happy-happily slow-slowly(7)a. ad. n.形容词转化为副词，名词true-- truly --truth lucky --luckily-- luck

(8)原级比较级最高级

far --farther-- farthest far--further--furthest little-- less-- least

【夯实练习】

一、名词变形容词

1. rain __________

2. friend ____________

3. center_____________

4. hunger _________

5. south ___________

6. experience_________

7. salt __________ 8. physics ___________ 9. America___________

参考答案：

1. rain — rainy

2. friend — friendly

3. center — central

4. hunger — hungry

5. south — southern

6. experience — experienced

7. salt — salty 8. physics — physical 9. America — American

二、形容词变名词

1. happy__________

2. free ____________

3. silent ____________

4. difficult_________

5. strong __________

6. pleasant __________

7. social __________ 8. kind ___________ 9. long ___________

参考答案：

1. happy — happiness

2. free — freedom

3. silent — silence

4. difficult — difficulty

5. strong — strength

6. pleasant — pleasure

7. social — socialism 8. kind — kindness 9. long — length

三、形容词变副词:

1. wonderful_________

2. good____________

3. usual____________

4, bad______________ 5. willing___________ 6. immediate________

7. bright____________ 8. angry____________ 9. warm___________

10. terrible___________

参考答案：

1. wonderful — wonderfully

2. good — well

3. usual — usually

4. bad — badly

5. willing — willingly

6. immediate—immediately

7. bright — brightly

8. angry — angrily

9. warm — warmly

10. terrible — terribly

四、名词变动词:

1. courage_________

2. advice___________

3. practice_________

4. lie ___________

5. ship ____________

6. face ___________

7. service _________ 8. loss ___________ 9. breath__________

10. belief __________

参考答案：

1. courage — encourage/discourage

2. advice — advise

3. practice — practise

4. lie — lie

5. ship — ship

6. face —face

7. service — serve

8. loss — lose 9. breath — breathe 10. belief — believe

五、动词变名词:

1. decide ___________

2. produce__________

3. translate_________

4. enjoy ___________

5. fail______________

6. prepare_________

7. discuss__________ 8. explain___________ 9. discover_________

10. pronounce _________

参考答案：

1. decide — decision

2. produce — production/product

3. translate — translation

4. enjoy — enjoyment

5. fail — failure

6. prepare — preparation

7. discuss — discussion 8. explain — explanation 9. discover — discovery

10. pronounce — pronunciation

六、名词变形容词变副词:

1. fool____________ _____________

2. luck __________ __________

3. success___________ ____________

4. politics_________ __________

5. pride ____________ _____________

6. truth __________ __________

7. nature ___________ _____________ 8. care __________ __________

9. bravery __________ _____________ 10. comfort _________ __________

参考答案：

1. fool — foolish — foolishly

2. luck — lucky — luckily

3. success — successful — successfully

4. politics — political — politically

5. pride — proud — proudly

6. truth — true — truly

7. nature — natural — naturally 8. care — careful — carefully

9. bravery — brave — bravely 10. comfort — comfortable — comfortably

七、加前缀re-:

1. read ___________

2. write ____________

3.tell ___________

4. view __________

5. build ____________

参考答案：

1. read — reread

2. write — rewrite

3.tell — retell

4. view — review

5. build - rebuild

八、加前缀dis-:

1. like _____________

2. appear ___________

3. agree _________

4. order ____________

5. cover ___________