2014年文体学试卷

湖南科技学院二○一四年下学期期末考试英语专业2012 年级英语文体学试题考试类型：开卷试卷类型：A卷考试时量：120 分钟出卷人：唐建福题号I II III IV V 总分统分人得分阅卷人复查人I1. Style can defined as the ⑴linguistic habit of different people or characteristic of typical social situations.2. Stylistics may be defined as the study of or the investigation of ⑵style.3. Phoneme is the smallest ⑶sound unit in a specific language capable of semantic distinction.4. Dialect is a subtype of language which may be determined by ⑷geographical locality or particular social groupings.5. The three factors of register are ⑸field, tenor, and mode.6. General stylistics is chiefly concerned with the investigation of the ⑹linguistic features of all kinds of language use.7. A sentence made up of two or more simple sentences, joined together by conjunctions or punctuations is a ⑺compound sentence.8. Pause can be divided into voiced pause and ⑻silent pause.9. The rise-fall pitch is employed to give people a sincere praise or to show the feeling of⑼shock.10. The fall-rise pitch is used to give people some encouragement or give people a ⑽warning.11. The rising pitch is employed to show the meaning of indefiniteness, uncertainty and ⑾incompleteness.12. The falling pitch is used to show the meaning of definiteness, certainty and ⑿completeness.13. There are ⒀5 pitches in phonetics.14. With ⒁consultative style people usually offer some background information. It is usually employed in business activities.15. To attract readers’⒂attention is one of the functions of English advertisements.16. The relationship between irony and humor is that irony is a language means while humor is an ⒃effect.17. People usually use casual style between friends, acquaintances, or insiders. Its mainfeature is that people usually employ ellipsis, ⒄slangs or cants with it.18. Stress, ⒅intonation, pause, and voice quality are the 4 phonetic means in English.19.II．Multiple-choice (Attention: there is only one or more than one choice to one question). (2′×10=20′)1. The smallest unit in a language that carries meaning is .A. phemeB. morphemeC. phoneD. word2. What figure of speech has been used in “the young hunter was as strong as a lion”?A. metaphorB. metonymyC. synecdocheD. simile3. Which of the following are the types of change of meaning of English words?A. extensionB. specializationC. degradationD. elevation (ABCD)4. What are the basic components of the English vocabulary. (ACD)A. Anglo-SaxonB. GreekC. LatinD. French5. Stylistics is the study or the investigation of style.A. yesB. no6. What figure of speech has been used in “many hands make light work”?A. ironyB. overstatementC. synecdocheD. oxymoron7. Which of the following originate from Anglo-Saxon? (AB)A. members of the familyB. timeC. lawD. science8. What are the functions of inverted sentence? (BCD)A. For effectB. For emphasisC. For balanceD. For cohesion and conjunction9. What are the levels of stylistic analysis? (ABCD)A. Phonological levelB. Lexical level D. Syntactic level D. Discoursal level10. What are the grammatical functions of stress? (ABCD)A. Emphasize a certain word or meaning.B. Distinguish words, phrases, same spelling, different meaning.C. Change of stress in words causes change of phonemesD. Means of expressing strong emotions.1. What is the methodology of stylistic analysis? (A)A. linguistic analysisB. discourse analysis2. What are the stylistic functions of syntactic deviations in literature? (ABCD)A. As a marker of one’s social backgroundB. As a means of characterizationC. Social positionD. Irony, satire, emphasis, comical effects3. Structurally speaking, sentences may classified into: (ACD)A. Simple sentenceB. Exclamatory sentenceC. Compound sentenceD. Complex sentence4. What are the differences between language and speech? (ABCD)A. Language is abstract whereas speech is concrete.B. Language is potential whereas speech is actual.C. Language is code whereas speech is message.D. Language is stable and systematic whereas speech is subject to personal andsituational constraint.5. Functionally speaking, what types do English sentences have? (ABCD)A. DeclarativeB. InterrogativeC. ExclamatoryD. Imperative6. What are the gestures that may be used in a casual conversation? (ABCD)A. Facial expressionsB. eye-contactC. environmentD. clothing7. Five styles were advanced by Martin Joos in the book “The Five Clocks”. And they are:(BD)A. strict styleB. frozen styleC. polite styleD. casual style8. The differences between oral communication and written communication are: (ABC)A. Use some gestures ( body language ) in oral communicationB. Use a statement as a question in oral communicationC. Use some pure oral words in oral communicationD. Use some characters in written communication9. Stress has several apparent stylistic and grammatical functions. And they are: (ABCD)A. The first function is for emphasis.B. The second function is to change the meaning or the part of speech of some words, orboth.C. The third function is to differ some English wordsD. The fourth function is to show someone’s surprise, ang er, fear, doubt, pleasure, etc.10. How do we express ourselves in a proper way? Several factors do work. And they are:(ABCD)A. PhoneticsB. VocabularyC.GrammarD.Some knowledge concerning English stylisticsIII．Please judge whether the following statements are true or false. (Attention: if it is true, please mark T; otherwise, F)(1′×10=10′)1. Euphemism is a kind of mild expression for an offensive or harsh one. (√)2. Content is the style that may be different from case to case although the meaning mayremain the same. (х)3. Exophora is an item that refers to something in another text. (х)4. Simply speaking, registers refer to languages which are determined by situation. (√)5. In this example: “Is this a non-smoker? I don’t know”, there is a Verbal ellipsis. (х)6. Rhetorical question is a question which does not need an answer or the answer is obvious. (√)7. Contrastive conjunction is achieved by the use of conjunctive words of addition orprogression, such as and, furthermore, moreover, etc. (х)8. A not-text is a group of sentences that are typically or logically linked together. Thiskind of linkage is called cohesion. So cohesion is the quality that makes a text a text.(х)9. Tenor of discourse is the social relationships between the participants in thecommunication. (√)10. The compositions written by a class of middle school students can be called differentstyles? (х)1. Syllable refers to a vowel sound either with or without a consonant or consonants inclusters. (√)2. Lexical analysis is chiefly concerned about how the words in a text are put together toproduce meaning and other kinds of message. (х)3. Syntactical analysis is chiefly concerned about how sentences are joined together toproduce a cohesive and coherent text. (х)4. Taboo refers to words forbidden to be used in public because of their being dirty oroffensive. (√)5. Technical words refer to those words used in special professions. (√)6. Loose sentence is one that is not grammatically complete until the end is reached. (х)7. Parallelism is a rhetorical device in which identical words are used but not necessarily inidentical position. (х)8. Repetition is a rhetorical device in which two or more than two similar syntacticstructures with different words are placed side by side. (х)9. Pause can be divided into structural pause and emotive pause. (√)10. Intimate style is usually used between husband and wife. Moreover it is employed injargons sometimes. (√)IV．Analyze the following passage. (Attention: please give the definition of this kind of sentence structure, its characteristics and its stylistic effects) (12%)V．Indicate what kind of figures of speech is used in the following examples. (2′×10=20′)1. ——Where have you been for the last four years?——At college taking medicine.——And did you get well? (pun)2. Life is but a brief candle. (metaphor)3. From the cradle to the grave (metonymy)4. Many hands make light work. (synecdoche)5. She’s as old as a mountain. (hyperbole)6. ——What weather do the mice dislike?——When it rains cats and dogs. (pun)7. He is a fool. He never knows where his personal interest lies. His whole heart isconcerned about the interest of other people. (irony)8. Belinda smiled, and all the world was gay. (overstatement/hyperbole)9. The drunkard loves his bottle better than his wife. (metonymy)10. ——Why are parliamentary reports called “blue books”?——Because they are never red. (pun)10. My love is a red, red rose. (metaphor)1. The young hunter was as strong as a lion. (simile)2. ——What starts with T, ends with T, and is full of T?——Teapot. (pun)——And did you get well? (pun)3. A victorious defeat (oxymoron)4. My love is a red, red rose. (metaphor)43. Name at least five kinds of figure of speech in English.Simile, metaphor, metonymy, synecdoche, irony, overstatement, etc.44. What possible social relationships exist between the participants in the following sentences? (12’)1). Excuse me, could you tell me the right time, please?2). What time is it, please?3). What’s the time?Sentence 1) shows a high degree of politeness and formality which may most probably appear in a conversation between strangers with great social distance in between.Sentence 2) still shows some degree of politeness and formality which may be in a conversation between acquaintances.Sentence 3) is a direct question without taking care of politeness. This is characteristic of conversations between friends or classmates or family members.45. Indicate what kind of figures of speech is used in the following examples.The young hunter was as strong as a lion. (simile)Life is but a brief candle. (metaphor)From the cradle to the grave (metonymy)Many hands make light work. (synecdoche)She’s as old as a mountain. (hyperbole)A victorious defeat (oxymoron)He is a fool. He never knows where his personal interest lies. His whole heart is concerned about the interest of other people. (irony)Belinda smiled, and all the world was gay. (overstatement/hyperbole)The drunkard loves his bottle better than his wife. (metonymy)My love is a red, red rose. (metaphor)7. ——What starts with T, ends with T, and is full of T?——Teapot. (pun)8. ——Where have you been for the last four years?——At college taking medicine.——And did you get well? (pun)9. ——What weather do the mice dislike?——When it rains cats and dogs. (pun)10. ——Why are parliamentary reports called “blue books”?——Because they are never red. (pun)IV．Analyze the following conversation. (Attention: please give the definition of this kind of figure of speech, and its stylistic effects) (12%)A: I have a hair-raising story to tell.B: Tell it to a bald-headed man.In this conversation, pun is used to avoid unnecessary inconveniences and also produce ambiguities which can make a humorous effect. Here person B deliberately used the dual meaning of “hair-raising”to express his unwillingness to listen to person A’s story in a friendly and humorous way. The phrase “hair-raising” means either growing hair or dreadful.Susan: Jim, can you give me Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address?Jim: No, but he used to live at the white house in Washington DC.In this conversation, pun is used to produce ambiguities which can make a humorous effect. The humor is produced through Jim’s failure to correctly understand the meaning of the word “address” here. Susan means the speech while the student interprets it as the place where Lincoln lived.26. Explain the connotative meaning of the underlined words in the following sentence.She knows nothing about the cruelty about the world. She is a lily.Lily is a flower and by cultural conventions a symbol of purity and innocence in the west.Why should we learn and study English stylistics? (10′)a) It will help us to express ourselves in English properly.b) It will help us to know something about language features of a variety of English written styles.c) It will help us to select a proper way for getting the best language effects and attaining our communicative purposes.d) It will help us to go at literary criticism.e) It will help us to do the translation work well.。