材料力学单词

allowable stress容许应力

angle of rotation转角

angle of twist扭转角

axial force轴力

axis轴线

beam flange梁翼缘

bearing stress挤压应力bending moment弯矩

block块体

bolt螺栓

boundary边界

brittle material脆性材料

built-in support固定支座cantilever beam悬臂梁

centroidal principal axis形心主轴circumferencial周向的，环向的clevis U形夹

cold working冷作硬化combined deformation组合变形compatibility condition协调条件concave凹的

continues连续的continuous beam连续梁

convex凸的

criterion of failure失效准则

critical load临界力，临界载荷critical point危险点

critical section危险面

cross section横截面

curvature曲率

deflection curve挠曲线

degree of indeterminacy超静定次数differential equation微分方程differential volume element微元体dimensional纬度的，量纲的，displacement位移

distortion strain energy density 形状改变应变能密度

double shear双剪

ductile material塑性材料ductility塑性eccentric axial loading偏心受力elastic弹性的

elastic limit弹性极限elongation at fracture断裂伸长率energy method能量法engineering stress-strain工程应力-应变factor of safety安全系数failure失效

first moment of an area静矩

flexural rigidity抗弯刚度flexural stress弯曲应力force力，载荷gauge length标距generalized Hooke's law广义虎克定律geometry discontinuity几何不连续hinge铰

Hooke's law虎克定律

impact factor冲击系数impact loading冲击载荷integral constant积分常数intermediate column中长柱

internal force diagram内力图isotropic各向同性manufacture error制造误差material property材料特性maximum最大的maximum principal stress theory最大拉应力理论mechanical behaviour力学行为method of superposition叠加法microstructure微观结构

Mohr's circle摩尔圆，应力圆moment of inertia惯性矩negative负的

neutral axis中性轴

neutral equilibrium随遇平衡状态neutral surface中性面

normal strain线应变

normal stress正应力

oblique bending斜弯曲

open thin-walled member开口薄壁构件overhanging beam外伸梁

pin support铰支座

planar rigid frame平面刚架

plane bending平面弯曲

plane strain平面应变plastic塑性的

plate板

Poisson's ratio泊松比

polar moment of inertia极惯性矩positive正的

primary static beam基本静定梁principal axis主轴

principal plane主平面principal strain主应变principal stress主应力prismatic beam等直梁

product of inertia惯性积projected area投影面

proof stress名义屈服应力proportional limit比例极限

pure bending纯弯曲

radii of gyration惯性半径restrained beam两端固定梁rigid frame刚架

rivet铆钉

roller support滑动铰支座rotatiotnal velocity转速

safety factor method安全系数法section core截面核心section modulus of torsional

抗扭截面模量rigidity

shear center剪切中心

shear flow剪力流

shear force剪力

shear modulus剪切模量

shear section剪切面

shear strain切应变

shell壳

sign convention符号约定simply supported beam简支梁

single shear单剪slenderness ratio长细比specimen试件

stable equilibrium稳定平衡状态state of bi-axial stress两向应力状态state of plane stress平面应力状态state of stress at a point一点的应力状态state of tri-axial stress三向应力状态state of uni-axial stress单向应力状态statically indeterminate超静定，静不定strain应变

strain energy应变能

strain energy density 应变能密度，应变比能

strain gauge应变片

strain rate应变率

strain rosette应变花strength condition强度条件stress应力

stress analysis应力分析stress concentration应力集中stress element应力单元stress tensor应力张量stress-strain diagram应力-应变图symmetric axis对称轴symmetric bending对称弯曲tensile rigidity抗拉刚度tensile strength抗拉强度tensile test拉伸试验theory of failure强度理论

thin-walled薄壁的

torque扭矩

torsional rigidity抗扭刚度transmission shaft传动轴transverse bending横力弯曲

true stress-strain真实应力-应变

ultimate stress 抗拉强度，极限应力

volumetric strain energy density 体积变化应变能密度

yield stress屈服应力

Young's modulus 杨氏模量，弹性模量