电子信息与通信工程专业英语期末必考翻译

1."In most cases, these signals originate as sensory data from the real world: seismic vibrations visual images, sound waves, etc. DSP isthe mathematics, the algorithms, and the techniques used to manipulate these signals after they have been converted into a digital form."在大多数情

况下，这些信号来源于人对真实世界的

感觉，比如地震的震动，视觉图像，声

音波形等。数字信号处理是一种数学工具，是一种用来处理那些将上述信号转

换成数字形式后的信号的算法和技术。2.Fourier’s representation of functionsas a superposition of sines and cosines has become Ubiquitous for both the analytic and numerical solution of differential equations and for the analysis and treatment of communication signals函数的傅里

叶表示，即将函数表示成正弦和余弦信

号的叠加，这种方法已经广泛用于微分

方程的解析法和数值法求解过程以及通

信信号的分析和处理。

3.If f (t ) is a nonperiodic signal, the summation of the periodic functions ,such as sine and cosine, does not accurately represent the signal. You could artificially extend the signal to make it periodic but it would require additional continuity at the end points .如果f(t)是非周期信号，那么用周期函

数例如正弦和余弦的和，并不能精确的

表示该信号f(t)。你可以人为的拓展

这个信号使其具有周期性，但是这要求

在端点处附加连续性

4.A digital filter is a

mathematical algorithm implemented

in hardware, firmware, and

software that operates on a

digital input signal to produce a

digital output signal for

achieving filtering objectives.数

字滤波器是一种数学算法，它可以用硬

件，固件和软件来实现。它作用于数字

输入信号产生数字输出信号从而达到滤

波目标。

5.The basic idea of Fourier series

method is to design an FIR filter

that approximates the desired

frequency response of filter by

calculating its impulse response.

"用傅里叶级数设计FIR滤波器的

基本的理念是计算出此滤波器的单位冲

激响应来逼近所期望的滤波器的频率响

应。

"

6."If the signal has sharp

transitions, it is necessary to

window the

input data, so that the sections

converge to zero at the endpoints"

如果信号有急剧的过渡，就有必有

对输入信号加窗，这样信号在端点处就

会收敛于零。

7." The concepts of signals and sy

stems arise in a wide

variety of fields, and the ideas a

nd techniques associated

with these concepts play an import

ant role in such diverse

areas of science and technology as

communication,

aeronautics and astronautics, cir

cuit design, acoustics,

seismology, biomedical engineerin

g, energy generation

distribution systems, chemical pro

cess control, and speech

processing. "信号与系统的概念出

现在广阔的范围内，在科学技术的不同

领域，如通信、航空航天、电路设计、

声学、地震学、生物学、生物医学工程、

发电和输电系统、化学过程控制和语音

处理中都离不开这个概念的思想与技术。

它在科学技术中发挥了重要作用。

8." Without some restrictions, whe

n the

characterization of a system requi

res a complete input-out-

put relationship, knowing the outp

ut of a system to a certain set of

input doe not allow us to determi

ne the output of the system to oth

er sets of inputs."当系统的特性描

述要求完整的输入输出关系时，如果没

有约束条件，即使知道了系统对某些

特定输入产生的输出时，我们也并不知

道系统对其他输入产生的输出。

9.An example of a finite-

energy signal is a signal that tak

es on the value 1 for 0≤t≤1 and

0 otherwise.举一个有限能量信号

的例子：信号在0≤t≤1，而在其他时

间范围取值为0。

10.This, of course, makes sense, s

ince if there is a nonzero average

energy per unit time, then integr

ating or summing this over an infi

nite time interval yields an infin

ite amount of energy.当然这是有

意义的，因为如果单位时间内存在一个

非零的平均能量，那么在一个无限的时

间间隔范围内，对其积分或者求和就会

产生一个无限的能量总和。

11.We can bring continuous-

time and discrete-

time systems together through the

concept of sampling, and we can de

velop some insights into the use o

f discrete-

time systems to process continuous

-

time signals that have been sample

d.我们可以在抽样的概念下将连续时

间和离散时间系统放在一起考虑。我们

可以将一些离散时间系统的概念推广，

用以处理抽样后的连续时间系统。

12.One of the most important motiv

ations for the development of gene

ral tools for analyzing and design

ing systems is that

systems from many different applic

ations have very similar

mathematical descriptions.许多具

有不同应用的系统都有相类似的数学描