传染病学英文名解及问答题(含答案)

Frequently asked question （in English）

Part I Noun explanation

1. convert infection/subclinical infection（隐性感染/亚临床感染）：it means only a special immune response

without or with very mild damage to the host after the agent entered which can be diagnosed by serologic means with demonstration of either a single high titer or a fourfold rise in titer to the infection. It is the most common model.

2. carrier state（病原携带状态）:it is a person who is colonized with an organism but shows no evidenee of

disease, although disease may have been present earlier. A carrier is a very important source of infection as the organisms can be disseminated from him.

3. latent infection（潜伏性感染）: it means an organism enters a host and lies dormant（静止的） for a period of

time, possibly for years, before producing disease as the host 'simmunity decreased.

4. in vasive ness（侵袭力）:the ability of the age nt to en ter and to move through tissue.

5. source of infection（传染源）：it is referred to a person or animal in which the pathogen stay and multiply and

can be disseminated .

6. route of transmission（传播途径）: the route the pathogen entered another susceptible after been disseminated

from the source of infection.

7. susceptible（易感者）:it is referred to a person who lacks immunity to a specific infectious disease.

8. relapse（复发）:it means the return of symptoms after they have apparently ceased during convalescence which

is caused by the multiplication of the pathogen in the host. It is often seen in typhoid fever, malaria, et al.

9. recrudesce nee再燃）:it means the reappeara nee of symptoms after temporary cessatio n.

10. sustained fever （稽留热）: high fever, lasting and little change in 24 hours, usually <1 degree. Often seen at

fastigium of typhoid fever, septicemia, and EHF.

11. remittent fever （弛张热）：high fever, temperature changes > 1 degree in 24 hours, but the lowest point of the

fever is still above the upper limit of the normal temperature. Often seen in the defervascence

of typhoid fever or EHF.

12. relapsing fever 回归热）： several days of high fever with interruption of a few days l ' no

fever pattern in brucellosis and relapsing fever.

13. Intermittent fever （间歇热）： temperature fluctuates between the high fever and the degree below the

normality. Usually seen in septicemia and malaria.

14. Irregular fever （不规则热）：the fever curve is irregular. Seen in influenza or septicemia.

15. palmer erythema/liver palm（肝掌）： This is intense reddening, mottled in nature, of the palmer aspects due to

vasodilation. Seen mainly over the thenar and hypothenar （大、小鱼际）eminences.

16. spider an giomata（蜘蛛痣）:Spider an giomata are small red macules with fine red lines radiati ng from it like

"spider legs". They blanch when compressed（压之褪色）. They represent tiny dilated collateral blood vessels and are seen in patients with chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis.