有机化合物命名总结
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methyl
methanol
methyl alcohol
methanal
formaldehyde
methanone
methanoic aicd
carboxylic acid
formic acid
two
di-
ethane
ethyl
ethene
ethylene
ethyne
acetylene
ethanol
数字
拉丁前缀
烷烃
烷基
烯烃
炔烃
醇
醛
酮
羧酸
alkane
alkyl
alkene
alkyne
1.烷-e+ol
2.基团+alcohol
1.烷-e+al
2.基团+aldehyde
1.烷-e+one
2.基团+ketone
1.烷-e+oic aicd
2.烷+carboxylic acid
one
mono-
methane
hexyl alcohol
hexanal
hexanone
hexanoic aicd
pentane carboxylic acid
seven
dec(a)-
heptane
heptyl
heptene
heptyne
heptanol
heptyl alcohol
heptanal
heptanone
heptanoic aicd
hexane carboxylic acid
eight
oct(a)-
octane
octyl
octene
octyne
octanol
octyl alcohol
octanal
octanone
octanoic aicd
heptane carboxylic acid
nine
non(a)
nonane
nonyl
nonene
propanone
propanoic aicd
ethane carboxylic acid
four
tetra-
quadri-
butane
butyl
butene
butyne
butanol
butyl alcohol
butanal
butanone
butanoic aicd
propane carboxylic acid
ethyl alcohol
ethanal
acetaldehyde
ethanone
ethanoic aicd
methane carboxylic acid
acetic acid
three
tri-
propane
propyl
propene
propyne
propanol
propyl alcohol
propanal
five
pent(a)-
pentane
pentyl
pentene
pentyne
pentanol
pentyl alcohol
pBiblioteka Baiduntanal
pentanone
pentanoic aicd
butane carboxylic acid
six
hex(a)-
hexane
hexyl
hexene
hexyne
hexanol
nonane carboxylic acid
化合物
命名规则
芳香烃(aromatic hydrocarbon)
substitutes (取代基) +benzene
烷基卤（alkyl halide）
芳基卤（aryl halide）
1. 基团+Xide
2. Xo+ 烷
醚（ether）
1.基团+ether
2. R氧基+烷
酯（ester）
基团(表示R’)+酸-ic+ate
酰基(acyl)
羧酸-oic +oyl(yl)
酰卤(acyl halide)
羧酸-oic +oyl(yl) +Xide
酸酐（carboxylic acid anhydride）
羧酸+anhydride
酰胺（amide）
羧酸-oic+amide
nonyne
nonanol
nonyl alcohol
nonanal
nonanone
nonanoic aicd
octane carboxylic acid
ten
dec(a)-
decane
decyl
decene
decyne
decanol
decyl alcohol
decanal
decanone
decanoic aicd
methanol
methyl alcohol
methanal
formaldehyde
methanone
methanoic aicd
carboxylic acid
formic acid
two
di-
ethane
ethyl
ethene
ethylene
ethyne
acetylene
ethanol
数字
拉丁前缀
烷烃
烷基
烯烃
炔烃
醇
醛
酮
羧酸
alkane
alkyl
alkene
alkyne
1.烷-e+ol
2.基团+alcohol
1.烷-e+al
2.基团+aldehyde
1.烷-e+one
2.基团+ketone
1.烷-e+oic aicd
2.烷+carboxylic acid
one
mono-
methane
hexyl alcohol
hexanal
hexanone
hexanoic aicd
pentane carboxylic acid
seven
dec(a)-
heptane
heptyl
heptene
heptyne
heptanol
heptyl alcohol
heptanal
heptanone
heptanoic aicd
hexane carboxylic acid
eight
oct(a)-
octane
octyl
octene
octyne
octanol
octyl alcohol
octanal
octanone
octanoic aicd
heptane carboxylic acid
nine
non(a)
nonane
nonyl
nonene
propanone
propanoic aicd
ethane carboxylic acid
four
tetra-
quadri-
butane
butyl
butene
butyne
butanol
butyl alcohol
butanal
butanone
butanoic aicd
propane carboxylic acid
ethyl alcohol
ethanal
acetaldehyde
ethanone
ethanoic aicd
methane carboxylic acid
acetic acid
three
tri-
propane
propyl
propene
propyne
propanol
propyl alcohol
propanal
five
pent(a)-
pentane
pentyl
pentene
pentyne
pentanol
pentyl alcohol
pBiblioteka Baiduntanal
pentanone
pentanoic aicd
butane carboxylic acid
six
hex(a)-
hexane
hexyl
hexene
hexyne
hexanol
nonane carboxylic acid
化合物
命名规则
芳香烃(aromatic hydrocarbon)
substitutes (取代基) +benzene
烷基卤（alkyl halide）
芳基卤（aryl halide）
1. 基团+Xide
2. Xo+ 烷
醚（ether）
1.基团+ether
2. R氧基+烷
酯（ester）
基团(表示R’)+酸-ic+ate
酰基(acyl)
羧酸-oic +oyl(yl)
酰卤(acyl halide)
羧酸-oic +oyl(yl) +Xide
酸酐（carboxylic acid anhydride）
羧酸+anhydride
酰胺（amide）
羧酸-oic+amide
nonyne
nonanol
nonyl alcohol
nonanal
nonanone
nonanoic aicd
octane carboxylic acid
ten
dec(a)-
decane
decyl
decene
decyne
decanol
decyl alcohol
decanal
decanone
decanoic aicd