定语从句专题(打印版)

定语从句的引导词 关系副词

关系代词

指人的：who, that, whom, whose=of whom

指物的：which, that, whose=of which 指句子的：which, as 时间：when

原因：why

地点：where 定语从句专题

一，引导词有哪些 二，引导词怎么用 三，其他注意事项

引导词有哪些

引导词怎么用

关系代词用法表

在从句中所作成分

所修饰的先行词

状语

时间 when 地点 where 原因

Why = for which

定语从句的其他注意事项

限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的最大区别是，非限制性定语从句与主句之间由逗号隔开。非限制性定语从句不能用“that ”来引导，即“,”号后面不用“that ” 非限制性定语从句经常用于以下三种情况： 当先行词指独一无二的事物时；

The sun,which gives light and heat, is a fixed star.

Last week I visited the People ’s Great House,where many important meetings are held every

从句中所作成分

所修饰的先行词

主语

宾语

定语

前无介词

前有介词 人 who/that who/that/whom whom whose =of whom 物 which/that which/that which whose =of which

句子

as/which

which/as

which

/

year.

当关系词指代整句内容时；

As is known, Taiwan belongs to China.

Jack didn’t pass his driving test, which surprised us greatly.

当先行词为专有名词或先行词指代非常明确时.

Mr. Smith lives in Beijing, which is a long way from here.

I congratulated to my neighbor, whose son won the election.

②，先行词指物，什么时候只用which不用that：非限制性定语从句；前面有介词。

③，先行词指句子，用as和which的区别：as引导的从句可以放在主句前、主句中和主句后，而which引导的从句只能放在主句后；as一般指既定事实，翻译为“正如，正像”④，关系代词的省略：限制性定语从句中，关系代词在从句中作宾语，且前面无介词。例：This is the house (which/that) I used to live in.

This is the house in which I used to live.

这种结构在高考中出现的频率极大，辨别的方法是在这个结构里名词或代词紧挨着（the house 和I）。

⑤，引导词前面的介词的来源：

动词短语：This is the house in which I used to live. 固定搭配live in.

先行词：I will never forget the days on which we are together. 在那些天on the days.

句意：Look at the house of which the roof is red. 房子的屋顶the roof of which.

⑥，特殊名词作先行词

situation，condition，environment，atmosphere等作先行词可以当做抽象的地点来处理time作先行词，若为次数，用that引导从句，that可以省略

若为一段时间，用when或者at/during+which来引导从句

way作先行词，译为“方式、方法”时，从句如果缺宾语，则用that/which来引导；如果缺方式状语，则用that/in which来引导

⑦，定语从句与并列句的区别

答：并列句常使用并列连词连接前后两个成分，或在中间用分号，后一分句常用物主代词或人称代词，两个句子之间是平行关系；含有定语从句的句子是主从复合句，从句和先行词之间用关系词连接。

A:(1) He came to a building ; its top is much higher than the others’.

(并列句，用了分号和物主代词its指代上文提到的a building）

(2)He came to a building , whose top is much higher than the others’.

(定语从句，用了逗号和关系代词,whose 指代先行词a building)

B:(1)There are 50 students in our class, and 20 of them are girls.

(并列句,用了连词and和人称代词them指代上文提到的50 students)

(2)There are 50 students in our class,20 of whom are girls.

(定语从句,用了逗号和关系代词whom指代先行词50 students)