2017年考研英语基础知识

一、句子的成分
• 表语：总位于系动词后面。 • Her skin went brown in the sun. • All I could do was to wait. • The dog is frightening. • The proof of the pudding is in the eating. • This is where our basic interest lies.
一、句子的成分
• 同位语
• The theory was advanced by the great scientist Einstein.
• “Leave it to me” said Johnson, the man on night duty.
• We demanded a guarantee that no similar incident would occur again.
目录
英语句子及成分 英点语击添句加标子题结构类型 复点合击添句加及标题要点 非谓语及特殊结构
一、关于句子的三大基本认识
• 1.主语与谓语动词是句子的必须成分（祈使 句除外） 。
• They didn’t promise him anything. • 2.只要具备了主语和谓语，且能表达完整的
意思的便是句子，与字数的多少没有关系。 • In other words, whatever inborn differences
two people may exist in their abilities to memorize, those differences are swamped by how well each person encodes the information.
• 3.同一个主语不可有两个谓语，除非有连词 和引导词连接或者非谓语化。
Biblioteka Baidu
句子的成分
• 状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词以及整个句子 • Ten years ago, she began to live in Canada. • They are playing football on the playground. • She did it out of curiosity. • Spray the area regularly to kill bugs. • It rained heavily, causing severe flooding. • Taken out of context, the sentence is ambiguous. • Despite all her effort to control it, her voice was shaking. • She said goodbye with tears in her eyes. • To a great extent, it is unfair.
一、句子的成分
• 宾语：跟在及物动词和介词后面。 • Mist clothed the hills. • They didn’t promise him anything. • I shall do my possible. • A rabbit ran out from under the table. • Did you write down what she said?
person.
一、句子的成分
• 补语：用来弥补主语或者宾语 意义之不足。 • They considered that a downright lie. • Adversity makes a man wise, not rich. • I found everything in good condition. • I’m sorry to keep you up so late. • Our teacher encourages us to air our view. • Do you smell something burning? • We are determined to make our voice heard.
• I go there have lunch . ╳ • I go there and have lunch. √
• Those (who) smokes too much will easily get a cough.
一、句子的成分
• 主语 • Short skirts are in fashion now. • To know myself is difficult. • Doing is better than saying. • That man came to me. • What we need is good rest. • I love you is often heard on Valentine’s day.
• Your last question, “why didn’t he speak to us?”can best be answered by you.
二、句子类型
句子的成分
定语：修饰名词或者代词 • The ground was covered with fallen leaves. • That’s the way to do it. • The tree in the backyard was blown down. • He who is diligent is sure to succeed. • passenger train • up-to-date equipment
一、句子的成分
• 双宾语：跟在某些动词（表示“给予”、 “告知”、“拒绝”等类似意义的动词后 面）
• Please show me your passport. • The arrangement saved a lot of time for us. • On the bus, he often gives his seat to an old