50种节能方法

50 WAYS TO SAVE ENERGY

50种节能方法

Roger Engstrom P.E

Protek-CA

1-408-316-0093

Trying to develop a definitive list of 50 energy-saving ideas is a little like trying to sum up the history of the world in 50 words or fewer - you’re bound to miss or gloss over more than a few major points. With that in mind, the following recommendations offer several ideas for energy-savings technologies and design practices that can be incorporated as part of an overall, integrated design. This list could just as easily contain 500 or more ideas. Perhaps the most cost effective energy saving items are the first and the last item on the list, but go through them all to gain a broader perspective. Obviously, no one solution works in every situation. It ems must be evaluated based on the project’s specific requirements, and although items are listed under disciplinary heading, each must be viewed as part of an overall integrated solution.

要定义50种确定的节能方法有点像定义50个或更少的词汇来解释世界历史，你一定是斟酌或解释许多主要的观点。鉴于此，下面的建议只能为节能技术和设计惯例提供某些思想，而这些节能技术和设计惯例只是一个全面完整的节能设计中的一部分。要是能轻易地包容了500种或更多的思想方法就好了！或许最有效的节能方法是其上的第一项或末项，但是有明显使用效果的方法都是在利用它们的基础来获得的。显然，没有一个解决方法是通用的。虽然这些方法是按标题的规律性罗列在一起的，但是每一种方法只是一个全面完整解决方案的一部分，这些方法只能按具体的工程要求进行评价。

BUILDING ENVELOPE

建筑围护结构

1. Install a “Cool Roof”. One of the fastest and most cost effective ways to immediately start saving energy is by reducing the air conditioning load. Because cool roof materials stay 50 to 60 °F cooler at peak conditions, they offer many benefits to building owners and the community at large, including: reduced peak electricity demand, reduced cooling energy use, improved building comfort, reduced building maintenance expense, reduced heat island effect, reduced air pollution, reduced roofing waste. Plus there are rebates available th rough the “Cool Roof” program.

for more information.

1．安装凉屋顶：一种最快的也是最有效的直接节能方法是降低空调负荷。因为凉屋顶材料在峰值负荷的情况下能使制冷器保持10°C到15°C，所以能为建筑

业主和社区带来很大的益处，包括削减峰值电力需求、减少冷量的使用、提高建筑物的舒适性、减少建筑物的维护费用、消除热岛效应、减少空气污染、减少屋顶制作的浪费。通过“凉屋顶”方法可以有效地带来一些可得到节能回扣。情况详见

MECHANICAL SYSTEMS (Rebates are available for evaluation and installation of HVAC improvements)

机械系统（对改进空调系统的评价和安装，国外某些政府进行有效的补贴）2. Complete a General HVAC Systems Evaluation - Energy use is a variable to be quantified in this process and economics should be carefully considered. This step should not sidestep additional enhancements.

2．完善普通空调系统的评估：在这个过程中能量的消耗是一个待定的变量，应认真考虑其经济性。这一步不能回避额外的增加量。

3. Balance Indoor Air Quality against Energy Efficiency - Every design should make indoor air quality a cornerstone and energy efficiency should then be considered in light of this factor. Past energy conservation efforts were often completed without regard for indoor air quality and the poor results are well documented. Today, an engineer can take advantage of system enhancements such as heat pipes and run around hydronic heat recovery loops to minimize the impact on energy use due to current ventilation standards.

3．平衡能效和室内空气品质：每一个设计应把室内空气品质作为基础，然后在这个基础上考虑能效问题。过去的能量节约是在不考率室内空气品质情况下进行的，其效果比较差，这些从记录在案的材料可以得到很好证明。今天，工程技术人员可以利用象热盘管这样的设备改善系统，并调整热回收液体的循环，使目前由于通风设备的规格造成的能量消耗达到最小化。

4. Tailor Project Design Criteria- The definition of general design criteria (occupancy density, office equipment levels, lighting levels, comfort ranges, etc.) is often left up to the engineer who bases his design upon other typical buildings in the marketplace. The use of the building should be understood and design criteria tailored to specific needs. Actual operating data from similar buildings would be of value in this process, but it is not generally available. When determining final criteria the engineer should consider the flexibility to accept future increases in design factors so that the current design will not be burdened with overly conservative design criteria guidelines. Have the client review and understand these criteria.

4．制定工程设计标准：一般设计标准的定义（象人员密度、办公设备标准、照明标准、舒适范围等）经常都是由那些用市场上的典型建筑作为设计基础的工程技术人员去定义的。我们应该去了解建筑物的用途，并使设计标准适应其具体需求。这个过程中同类建筑的实际运行数据应该是有价值的，但也不会总是有效的。在确定最后的标准时，工程技术人员还应考虑设计将来发展的灵活性，这样就不会使目前的设计由于过度保守对将来产生负面的影响。最后进行