腹部解剖经典图分享资料

❖ The Scarpa` fascia:
1) is attached to linea alba medially.
2) continuse downwards cross the inguinal ligament to
blend with the fascia lata of the thigh about 1.5cm below
腹部（1）
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主要内容 Main Content
• 境界与分区 The boundary and region
• 表面解剖 The surface anatomy
• 腹前外侧壁 The Anterolateral Abdominal Wall
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一、境界与分区
Boundary and Region
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腹外斜肌 External oblique
❖ Above the level of umbilicus, it is a fatty layer.
❖ In the inferior part of the anterolateral wall, the subcutaneous tissue is composed of two layers, the fatty outer layer, known as Camper`s fascia, and the membranous inner layer, the Scarpa` fascia.
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1. 肌层 The Muscular layer
❖前外侧群 The Anterolateral Group The three flat muscles are the:
– 腹外斜肌 external oblique muscle – 腹内斜肌 internal oblique muscle – 腹横肌 transversus abdominis： – 腹直肌 rectus abdominis – 锥状肌 pyramidalis
(四分法)
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二、表 面 解 剖 The Surface Anatomy
• 体表标志 Surface landmark • 表面投影 Surface projection
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1. 骨 性 标 志
Costal arch 肋弓
Pubic tubercle 耻骨结节
Pubic crest 耻骨嵴
Xiphoid process 剑突
向下在腹股沟下方约一横指处，紧附于股部的深筋膜，在耻骨结节之间17，越 过耻骨联合向下至会阴，与会阴浅筋膜（Colles筋膜）相延续。
Skin
Superficial fasica Camper’s fascia
Scarpa’s fascia
浅
Βιβλιοθήκη Baidu
Muscles of anterior
abdominal
Iliac crest 髂嵴
Anterior superior iliac spine
髂前上棘
Superior edge of pubic symphysis 耻骨联合上缘
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Location of inguinal ligament
2. 软 组 织 标 志
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3. 体 表 投 影
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三、腹 前 外 侧 壁
the inguinal ligament.
3) is continuous with the superficial fascia of the perineum
(Colles’ fascia).
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浅 动 脉 、 浅 静 脉 、 皮 神 经
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髂腹股沟区和下腹部的皮瓣
The ilioinguinal and the lower abdominal flaps
皮肤 浅筋膜 深筋膜和肌肉 腹横筋膜
腹膜下筋膜 壁腹膜
The layers of the anterolateral abdominal wa1l3l
（一）浅 层 结 构
The superficial structures
• 皮肤 Skin • 浅筋膜 Superficial fascia
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1. Skin: thinner and more elastic 薄而富有弹性15
筋
wall
膜
Transversalis fascia
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2. Superficial fascia
❖ Superficial fascia consists of a layer of connective tissue that contains a variable amount of fat.
Camper 筋膜
2❖. 在Su腹p壁e下rfi部ci（al约f在as脐c平ia面：以主下要）由，脂浅筋肪膜和分疏为松两结层：缔浅组层织称组为成Ca。mper1`6s
fascia,含有丰富的脂肪组织，又称脂肪层，向下与股部的浅筋膜相互延续；
Scarpa 筋膜
❖ 深层称为Scarpa` fascia，是富有弹性纤维的膜性层，在中线附于白线，
1. 腹部的境界
•上界：为胸廓下口， 即剑突、肋弓、第 11肋前端、第12肋 下缘和第12胸椎围 成；
• 下界：为耻骨联合 上缘、耻骨嵴、耻 骨结节、腹股沟韧 带、髂嵴至第5腰椎 下缘的连线。
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2. (固有)腹腔的境界 • 上界：膈 • 下界：骨盆上口
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3A. 腹 部 的 分 区
(九分法)
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3B. 腹 部 的 分 区
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（二）深层结构 The Deep Structures
• 肌肉层次 Muscular layer • 血管、淋巴及神经
Vessels, lymph and nerve • 腹横筋膜 Transversalis fascia • 腹膜下筋膜 Extraperitoneal fascia • 壁腹膜 Parietal peritoneum
The Anterolateral Abdominal Wall
• 浅层结构 Superficial structures • 深层结构 Deep structures
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1.Skin 2.Superficial fascia 3.Deep fascia and muscles 4.Transverse fascia 5.Extraperitoneal fascia 6.Parietal fascia