英语语言学试题及答案

英语语言学试题（1）

I. Directions: Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and put the letter A, B, C or D in the brackets. (2%×10=20%)

1、As modern linguistics aims to describe and analyze the language people actually use, and not to lay down rules for "correct" linguistic behavior, it is said to be ___.

A、prescriptive

B、sociolinguistic

C、descriptive

D、psycholinguistic

2、Of all the speech organs, the ___ is/are the most flexible.

A、mouth

B、lips

C、tongue

D、vocal cords

3、The morpheme "vision" in the common word "television" is a(n) ___.

A、bound morpheme

B、bound form

C、inflectional morpheme

D、free morpheme

4、A ___ in the embedded clause refers to the introductory word that introduces the embedded clause.

A、coordinator

B、particle

C、preposition

D、subordinator

5、"Can I borrow your bike?" _____ "You have a bike."

A、is synonymous with

B、is inconsistent with

C、entails

D、presupposes

6、The branch of linguistics that studies how context influences the way speakers interpret sentences is called ___.

A、semantics

B、pragmatics

C、sociolinguistics

D、psycholinguistics

7、Grammatical changes may be explained, in part, as analogic changes, which are ___ or generalization.

A、elaboration

B、simplification

C、external borrowing

D、internal borrowing

8、___ refers to a marginal language of few lexical items and straightforward grammatical rules, used as a medium of communication.

A、Lingua franca

B、Creole

C、Pidgin

D、Standard language

9、Psychologists, neurologists and linguists have concluded that, in addition to the motor area which is responsible for physical articulation of utterances, three areas of the left brain are vital to language, namely, ___ .

A、Broca's area, Wernicke's area and the angular gyrus

B、Broca's area, Wernicke's area and cerebral cortex

C、Broca's area, Wernicke's area and neurons

D、Broca's area, Wernicke's area and Exner's area

10、According to Krashen, ___ refers to the gradual and subconscious development of ability in the first language by using it naturally in daily communicative situations.

A、learning

B、competence

C、performance

D、acquisition

II. Directions: Fill in the blank in each of the following statements with one word, the first letter of which is already given as a clue. Note that you are to fill in One word only, and you are not allowed to change the letter given. (1%×10=10%)

11、Chomsky defines "competence" as the ideal user's k_______ of the rules of his language.

12、The four sounds /p/,/b/,/m/ and /w/have one feature in common, i.e, they are all b______ .

13、M_______ is a branch of grammar which studies the internal structure of words and the rules by which words are formed.

14、A s______ is a structurally independent unit that usually comprises a number of words to form a complete statement, question or command.

15、Synonyms that are mutually substitutable under all circumstances are called c______ synonyms.

16、The illocutionary point of r_____ is to commit the speaker to something's being the case, to the truth of what has been said.

17、Words are created outright to fit some purpose. Such a method of enlarging the vocabulary is known as word c______.

18、Wherever the standard language can use a contraction (he+is→he's), Black English can d___ the form of "be".

19、The basic essentials of the first language are acquired in the short period from about age two to puberty, which