BEC高级：商业道德Business ethics 相关词汇

202X年商务英语词汇大全BEC词汇打印版

千里之行，始于足下。

202X年商务英语词汇大全BEC词汇打印版很抱歉，我不能提供BEC词汇打印版，但我可以提供BEC商务英语的一些常见词汇以供参考。

以下是一些常见的商务英语词汇:1. Market Research - 市场研究2. Competitive Analysis - 竞争分析3. Customer Relations - 客户关系4. Product Development - 产品开发5. Sales Forecasting - 销售预测6. Financial Analysis - 财务分析7. Business Strategy - 商业策略8. Investment Opportunities - 投资机会9. Supply Chain Management - 供应链管理10. Corporate Social Responsibility - 企业社会责任11. Globalization - 全球化12. Outsourcing - 外包13. Distribution Channels - 分销渠道14. E-commerce - 电子商务15. Brand Management - 品牌管理16. Human Resources - 人力资源17. Leadership Development - 领导力发展18. Business Ethics - 商业道德19. Public Relations - 公共关系20. Corporate Culture - 公司文化这些词汇可以帮助你更好地理解和使用商务英语。

是否有其他问题需要帮助的吗？第1页/共1页。

商业道德(Business Ethics)

• “Moral (Latin) and ethical (Greek) considerations”: How people ought to behave (to each other). Values of honesty, fairness, loyalty, justice, respect, etc.
• Morality is not just a question of avoiding evil (individual) but of pro-actively doing good (social).
• Justice is not just avoiding doing harm to the other person but of responding to the objective demands of the situation, to the call of a higher value.
Moral Reasoning
• Moral reasoning is the reasoning process by which human behaviors, policies, institutions are judged to be in accordance with or in violation of moral standards.
• 4. Moral standards are based on impartial considerations. Another way of expressing this is ‘universalizable’ or taking the point of view of an ‘ideal observer.’ Still, this impartiality must be balanced with partiality towards those we have a special relationship (family and friends) and the poor and the disabled.

外贸重点词汇

商业，商务，企业business 组织，企业organization 商号，企业firm责任，义务obligation 社会责任social responsibility 社会考虑，关注社会social concer ns消费者consumer 消费立法consumer legislation 消费者关心的问题consumer concerns 消费者权益倡导者consumer advocate 保护消费者利益consumerism安全权the right to safety 知情权the right to information 选择权the right to choose 投诉权the right to heard 非盈利性组织或企业nonprofit organization职业道德business ethics 调查survey 行贿，贿赂bribery 贪污embezzlement回扣kickback 生存survival 买卖公平，诚实交易honest dealing同行公司peer company 政府机关government agency 符合道德的ethical不符合道德的unethical 合法的legal 不合法的illegal 长期in the long run最大化to maximize 最小化to minimize 运行，起作用to function 抵制to boycott谴责to condemn 惠顾to patronize 与……打交道to deal with 误导to mislead谎报，弄虚作假to misrepresent 垄断to monopolize个体企业sole proprietorship 合伙企业partnership 无限责任合伙经营general partnershi p无限责任合伙人general partner 有限责任合伙经营limited partnership 有限责任合伙人li mited partner合伙协议partnership agreement 合资企业joint venture 有限责任limited liability无限责任unlimitied liability 个人所得税personal income tax 债权人，债主creditor资信等级，信用等级credit rating 个人资产personal assets 许可证licence许可证permit 经营计划operating plan 行业秘密trade secret 企业行为business practic e刺激，激励incentive 成为企业合伙人to become part-owner订立合同to enter into a contract 谈判to negotiation责任有限公司corporation 股份不上市的公司private corporation 股份上市公司public cor poration公司执照corporate charter 公司管理细则corporate bylaws 公司官员corporate officers 公司创办人incorporator 招股书prospectus 公司章程articles of incorporation法人实体legal entity 法人legal being 普通股common stock 优先股preferred stock股份share 股东shareholder 红利dividents 董事会board of directors证券交易所stock exchange 税后利润after-tax profit 应税收入taxable income双重税收double taxation 合并，兼并merger 福利fringe benefits 法规rules and regul ations交易to trade 投机to speculate 转移transfer 遵守to comply with经营企业to run a business 股份上市to be listed on exchanges。

大学商务英语教材词汇表

大学商务英语教材词汇表一、单词/短语解释1. Business (n.) - 商业，商务2. Commerce (n.) - 商业活动3. Economics (n.) - 经济学4. Marketing (n.) - 市场营销5. Finance (n.) - 金融6. Management (n.) - 管理7. Accounting (n.) - 会计8. International Trade (n.) - 国际贸易9. Entrepreneur (n.) - 企业家10. Corporate (adj.) - 公司的二、常用词汇1. Product (n.) - 产品2. Customer (n.) - 客户3. Sales (n.) - 销售4. Market (n.) - 市场6. Strategy (n.) - 战略7. Advertising (n.) - 广告8. Distribution (n.) - 分销9. Supply Chain (n.) - 供应链10. Partnership (n.) - 合作伙伴三、商务交流的词汇1. Negotiation (n.) - 谈判2. Contract (n.) - 合同3. Agreement (n.) - 协议4. Proposal (n.) - 提议5. Presentation (n.) - 演讲6. Conference (n.) - 会议7. Exhibition (n.) - 展览8. Networking (n.) - 社交四、金融相关词汇1. Investment (n.) - 投资3. Bond (n.) - 债券4. Interest Rate (n.) - 利率5. Dividend (n.) - 股息6. Inflation (n.) - 通货膨胀7. Asset (n.) - 资产8. Liability (n.) - 负债9. Mortgage (n.) - 抵押贷款10. Capital (n.) - 资本五、商务英语教材常用短语1. Business Meeting - 商务会议2. Market Research - 市场调研3. Financial Analysis - 财务分析4. International Business - 国际商务5. Business Ethics - 商业道德6. Business Plan - 商业计划7. Risk Management - 风险管理8. Human Resources - 人力资源9. Customer Service - 客户服务10. Business Trip - 商务旅行结语：以上为大学商务英语教材常用词汇表，希望对学习商务英语的学生们有所帮助。

剑桥商务英语BEC中高级词汇

千里之行，始于足下。

剑桥商务英语BEC中高级词汇BEC (Business English Certificate)中高级词汇分为以下几个类别：1. 公司和组织：- 企业 (enterprise)- 公司 (company)- 组织 (organization)- 董事会 (board of directors)- 上市公司 (public limited company)- 高管 (executive)- 监事会 (supervisory board)- 公司结构 (company structure)- 企业文化 (corporate culture)- 部门 (department)- 分公司 (branch office)- 合资企业 (joint venture)- 子公司 (subsidiary)2. 财务和会计：- 财务报表 (financial statement)- 利润表 (income statement)- 资产负债表 (balance sheet)- 现金流量表 (cash flow statement)- 成本 (cost)- 利润 (profit)第1页/共3页锲而不舍，金石可镂。

- 损失 (loss)- 货币 (currency)- 预算 (budget)- 预测 (forecast)- 资本 (capital)- 资金 (funds)- 投资 (investment)3. 市场和销售：- 市场调研 (market research)- 市场份额 (market share)- 市场营销 (marketing)- 销售额 (sales revenue)- 销售策略 (sales strategy)- 客户关系管理 (customer relationship management) - 销售渠道 (sales channel)- 销售代表 (sales representative)- 促销活动 (promotional activities)- 品牌 (brand)- 市场需求 (market demand)- 市场定位 (market positioning)- 市场竞争 (market competition)4. 经济和商业：- 经济增长 (economic growth)- 萧条 (recession)- 通货膨胀 (inflation)- 利率 (interest rate)千里之行，始于足下。

国际商务专业词汇(中英文对照)

1.全球化世界贸易组织:(World Trade Organization)国际货币基金组织:(International Monetary Fund)《关税及贸易总协定》:(General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade)世界银行:(World Bank)国际贸易:(international trade)对外直接投资:(foreign direct investment)对外直接投资存量:(stock of foreign direct investment)外国企业:(multinational enterprise)国际企业:(international business)2.政治经济中的国家差异政治经济:(political economy)政治体制:(political system)集体主义:(collectivism)社会主义者:(socialists)共产主义者:(communists)社会民主主义者:(social democrats)私有化:(privatization)个人主义:(individualism)民主:(democracy)极权:(totalitarianism)市场经济:(maeket economy)计划经济:(command economy)法律体系:(legal system)普通法:(common law)大陆法:(civil law system)宗教法:(theocratic law system)合同法:(contract law)财产权:(property rights)私下行为:(private action)公共行为:(public action)《反海外腐败法》:(Foreign Corrupt Practices Act)知识产权:(intellectual property)专利:(patent)版权:(copyrights)商标:(trademarks)产品安全法:(product safety laws)产品责任:(product liability)3.政治经济和经济发展人均国民收入:(gross national income)购买力平价:(purchasing power parity)人文发展指数:(Human Development Index)创新:(innovation)创业者:(entrepreneurs)放松管制:(deregulation)第一进入者优势:(first-mover advantages)后进者优势:(late-mover disadvantages)政治风险:(political risk)经济风险:(economic risk)4.文化差异跨文化知识能力:(cross-cultural literacy)价值观:(values)准则:(norms)社会:(society)社会习惯:(folkways)道德准则:(ethics)社会结构:(social structure)群体:(group)社会阶层:(social strata)社会流动性:(social mobility)等级制度:(caste system)阶级制度:(class system)阶级意识:(class consciousness)宗教:(religion)伦理体系:(ethical systems)关系:(relationship)联系:(connection)权利距离:(power distance)个人主义:(individualism versus)集体主义:(collectivism)不确定性规避:(uncertainty avoidance)男性主义和女性主义:(masculinity versus femininity)儒家动力:(confucian dynamism)种族中心主义:(ethnocentrism)5.国际商务伦理商业伦理:(business ethics)伦理策略:(ethics strategy)社会责任:(socisl responsibility)伦理困境:(ethical dilemmas)组织文化:(organizayion cultural)文化相对论:(cultural relativism)道德论者:(righteous moralist)非道德论者:(native immoralist)实用主义伦理:(utilitarian approaches)权利理论:(rights theories)公正分配:(just distribution)无知之幕:(veil of ignorance)道德公约:(code of ethics)利益相关者:(stakeholders)6.国际贸易理论自由贸易:(free trade)新贸易理论:(nwe trade theory)重商主义:(mercantilism)零和博弈:(zero-sum game)绝对优势:(absolute advantage)规模报酬率:(constant returns to specialization)要素禀赋:(factor endowments)规模经济:(economies of scale)国际收支账户:(balance-of-payments accounts)经常账户:(current account)经常账户赤字盈余:(current account deficit surplus)资本账户:(capital account)金融账户:(financial account)7.国际贸易中的政治经济自由贸易:(free trade)关税:(tariff)从量税:(specific tariffs)从价税:(ad valorem tariffs)补贴:(subsidy)进口配额:(import quota)关税配额:(tariff rate quota)自愿出口限制:(voluntary export restraint)配额租金:(quota rent)国产化规定:(local content requirement)行政管理贸易政策:(administrative trade policies)倾销:(dumping)反倾销政策:(antidumping policies)抵消性关税:(counter vailing duties)幼稚工业论:(infant industry argument)战略贸易政策:(strategic trade policy)8.国际直接投资新设投资:(greenfield invsetment)流量:(flow of FDI)存量:(stock of FDI)对外直接投资:(outflows of FDI)外来直接投资:(inflows of FDI)固定资本形成总额:(gross fixed capital formation)折中理论:(eclectic paradigm)出口:(exporting)技术授权:(licensing)内部化理论:(internalization theory)不完善理论:(market imperfections approach)寡头垄断行业:(oligopoly)多点竞争:(multipoint competition)区位优势:(location-specific advantages)外部性:(externalities)国际收支账户:(balance-of-payments accounts)经常项目:(current account)离岸生产:(offshore production)9.区域经济一体化区域经济一体化:(regional economic integration)自由贸易区:(free trade area)关税同盟:(customs union)共同市场:(common market)经济联盟:(economic union)政治联盟:(political union)贸易创造:(trade creation)贸易转移:(trade diversion)执行董事会:(executive board)监管董事会:(governing council)最优货币区:(optional currency area)10.外汇市场外汇市场:(foreign exchange market)汇率:(exchange rate)外汇风险:(foreign exchange risk)外汇投机:(currency speculation)套息交易:(carry trade)即期汇率:(spot exchange rate)远期外汇:(forward exchange)远期汇率:(forward exchange rate)掉期:(currency swap)套汇:(arbitrage)载体货币:(vehicle currency)一价定律:(law of one price)效率市场:(efficient market)应用材料:(applied materials)费雪效应:(Fisher effect)跟风效应:(bandwagon effect)效率市场:(efficient market)无效市场:(inefficient market)自由兑换:(freely convertible)对外可兑换:(externally convertible)不可兑换:(nonconvertible)资本外逃:(capital flight)对等贸易:(counter trade)交易风险:(transaction exposure)折算风险:(translation exposure)经济风险:(economic exposure)提前策略:(lead strategy)错后策略:(lag strategy)11.国际货币体系国际货币体系:(international monetary system)浮动汇率:(floating exchange rate)盯住汇率:(pegged exchange rate)管理浮动:(dirty float)固定汇率:(fixed exchange rate)金本位制度:(gold standard)黄金平价:(gold par value)贸易收支平衡:(balance-of-trade equilibrium)管理浮动制度:(managed-float system)货币局制度:(currency board)货币危机:(currency crisis)银行危机:(banking crisis)外债危机:(foreign debt crisis)裙带资本主义:(crony capitalism)道德风险:(moral hazard)12.全球资本市场共享方差:(shared variance)对冲基金:(hedge funds)游资:(hot money)耐心货币:(patient money)外国债券:(foreign bonds)13.国际企业的战略战略:(strategy)盈利能力:(profitability)投资资本收益率:(ROIC)利润增长:(profit growth)价值创造:(value creation)运营:(operations)核心竞争力:(core competence)区位经济:(location economies)全球网络:(global web)经验曲线:(experience curve)学习效应:(learning effects)规模经济:(economies of scale)普遍需要:(universal needs)全球标准化战略:(global standardization strategy)本土化战略:(localization strategy)跨国战略:(transnational strategy)国际战略:(international strategy)14.国际企业的组织组织构架:(organizational architecture)组织结构:(organizational structure)控制系统:(control systems)奖励:(incentives)流程:(processes)组织文化:(organizational culture)垂直差异化:(vertical differentiation)水平差异化:(horizontal differentiation)建立整合机构:(integrating mechanisms)国际分部:(intermational division)世界范围的地区结构:(worldwide area structure)世界范围的产品分部:(worldwide product division structure)全球矩阵结构:(global matrix structure)知识网络:(knowledge network)个人控制:(personal control)行政组织结构:(bureaucratic control)产出控制:(output control)文化控制:(cultural control)绩效模糊:(performance ambiguity)15.进入战略和战略联盟战略联盟:(strategic alliance)私营部门债务:(private-sector debt)进入时机:(timing of entry)先入者优势:(first-mover advantages)开拓成本:(pioneering costs)交钥匙工程:(turnkey project)技术授权协议:(licensing agreement)技术授权协议:(cross-licensing agreement)特许经营:(franchising)合资企业:(joint venture)全资子公司:(wholly owned subsidiary)16.出口、进口和对等贸易出口管理公司:(export management company)信用证:(letter of credit)汇票:(draft)即期汇票:(sight draft)远期汇票:(time draft)提单:(bill of lading)进出口银行:(Export-Import-Bank)对等贸易:(counter trade)易货贸易:(barter)互购:(counter purchase)抵销:(offset)转手贸易:(switch trading)回购:(buy back)从价关税:(ad valorem tariff)委托代销:(consignment)禁运:(embargo)全球配额:(global quota)无形贸易壁垒:(invisible barriers to trade)信用证:(letter of credit)重商主义:(mercantilism)201条款:(section 201)17.全球生产、外包与物流生产:(production)物流:(cogistics)全面质量管理:(total quality management)六西格玛:(six sigma)最小效率规模:(minimum efficient scale)柔性制造技术:(flexible manufacturing technology)精益生产:(lean production)大规模定制:(mass customization)柔性机器单元:(flexible machine cells)价值重量:(value-to-weight)全球学习:(global learning)来源决策:(make-or-buy decisions)专业化资产:(specialized asset)动态能力:(dynamic capabilities)即时存货:(just-in-time)电子数据交换:(electronic data inferchange) 18.全球营销与开发营销组合:(marketing)市场细分:(market segmentation)集中零售体系:(concentrated retail system)分散零售体系:(fragmented retail system)渠道长度:(channel length)独占性的分销渠道:(exclusive distribution channel)渠道质量:(channel quality)源效应:(source effects)原产国效应:(country of orign effects)噪声:(noisy)推策略:(push strategy)拉策略:(pull strategy)需求价格弹性:(price elasticity of demand)富有弹性:(elastic)缺乏弹性:(inelastic)策略性定价:(strategic pricing)掠夺性定价:(predatory pricing)多点定价:(multipoint pricing)经验曲线定价:(experience curve pricing) 19.全球人力资源管理人力资源管理:(human resource management)外派经理:(expatriate manager)人员配备政策:(staffing policy)企业文化:(corporate culture)外派人员:(expatriates)内派人员:(inpatriates)外派失败:(expatriate failure)自我倾向:(self-orientation)他人倾向:(others-orientation)感知能力:(perceptual ability)文化刚性:(cultural thoughness)20.国际企业会计和财务会计准则:(accounting standards)审计准则:(auditing standards)内部远期汇率:(internal forward rate)货币管理:(money management)交易成本:(transaction costs)双边净额:(bilateral netting)多边净额:(multilateral)税收抵免:(tax credit)税收条款:(tax treaty)延期准则:(deferral principle)避税港:(tax havens)特许权使用费:(royalties)转移价格:(transfer price)弗罗廷贷款:(fronting loan)。

国际经贸高级英语精读与翻译

2.利益与社会责任企业社会责任和企业利益之间，德隆克曾经讲商业组织的目的是创造顾客。作为企业如果要创造更多的顾客，顾客确实为企业本身带来商业利益。作为责任来讲他本身所有的方式是参与到全过程，企业本身的利益也是和社会各个关系人联系在一起的，一直以来应该是利润最大化，要对股东负责，但事实上企业要保持一个能够持续成长的趋势，实际上不应该仅仅局限于为股东负责，实际上是站在利润最大化上面。所以我们认为，企业就像一棵种子，社会就是一块土地，如果这个企业本身能够种入到土地中间去，这个企业不是纯粹站在企业自身的利益，种子在土里死掉才能产生新的生物，长出更多的树木回馈社会。所以企业更多的时候在利益和社会责任之间找到平衡。
Unit 15 Business EthicsOnce Sold, Caveat Emptor.
2014-12-23
1
学习目标
• 本单元的要点 • 本单元主要是一篇关于商业的社会责任的不同观点的文章，以及讨论某些商业做法的论理问题的练习。有些人认为，商业的目的以及经理的作用就是为公司所有者、股份或股票持有者获取最大的利润；另外一些人认为公司绝对不能欺骗顾客，但是这只是出于商业考虑而不是出于道德上的考虑：一个对公司失望的顾客以后不再购买该公司的产品。还有一些人坚持认为公司对顾客、员工、生意上的伙伴、当地的社区、整个社会以及自然环境具有社会和道德上的责任，这种责任与为股份持有者创造金钱的回报一样重要，甚至更加重要。从课文中可以看到这些不同的观点。
3howrelationshipbetweenprofitmaximizationbusinessethics词汇和短语词汇和短语bribery贿赂builtinobsolescence内置废弃内在的废品charity慈善compensation补偿赔偿disapprove不赞成ethics伦理道德规范industrialespionage工业间谍legitimacy合法性正统性lobby游说议员词汇和短语词汇和短语perfectcompetition完全竞争pollution污染proponent建议者支持者拥护者rational合理的理性的socialresponsibility社会责任stakeholder利益相关者unbusinesslike无组织的无效能的vitality活力welfarecapitalism福利资本主义whistleblowing裁判仲裁profitssocialresponsibilitysummarizearticle课文压缩profitssocialresponsibilitysummarize1920smanylargeamerican20世纪20年代很多的美companiesbeganbuildnewsystems国大企业开始建立一些新的goodobviouslygoodcompanies

国际商务专业词汇(中英文对照)

1.全球化世界贸易组织:(World Trade Organization)国际货币基金组织:(International Monetary Fund)《关税及贸易总协定》:(General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade)世界银行:(World Bank)国际贸易:(international trade)对外直接投资:(foreign direct investment)对外直接投资存量:(stock of foreign direct investment)外国企业:(multinational enterprise)国际企业:(international business)2.政治经济中的国家差异政治经济:(political economy)政治体制:(political system)集体主义:(collectivism)社会主义者:(socialists)共产主义者:(communists)社会民主主义者:(social democrats)私有化:(privatization)个人主义:(individualism)民主:(democracy)极权:(totalitarianism)市场经济:(maeket economy)计划经济:(command economy)法律体系:(legal system)普通法:(common law)大陆法:(civil law system)宗教法:(theocratic law system)合同法:(contract law)财产权:(property rights)私下行为:(private action)公共行为:(public action)《反海外腐败法》:(Foreign Corrupt Practices Act)知识产权:(intellectual property)专利:(patent)版权:(copyrights)商标:(trademarks)产品安全法:(product safety laws)产品责任:(product liability)3.政治经济和经济发展人均国民收入:(gross national income)购买力平价:(purchasing power parity)人文发展指数:(Human Development Index)创新:(innovation)创业者:(entrepreneurs)放松管制:(deregulation)第一进入者优势:(first-mover advantages)后进者优势:(late-mover disadvantages)政治风险:(political risk)经济风险:(economic risk)4.文化差异跨文化知识能力:(cross-cultural literacy)价值观:(values)准则:(norms)社会:(society)社会习惯:(folkways)道德准则:(ethics)社会结构:(social structure)群体:(group)社会阶层:(social strata)社会流动性:(social mobility)等级制度:(caste system)阶级制度:(class system)阶级意识:(class consciousness)宗教:(religion)伦理体系:(ethical systems)关系:(relationship)联系:(connection)权利距离:(power distance)个人主义:(individualism versus)集体主义:(collectivism)不确定性规避:(uncertainty avoidance)男性主义和女性主义:(masculinity versus femininity)儒家动力:(confucian dynamism)种族中心主义:(ethnocentrism)5.国际商务伦理商业伦理:(business ethics)伦理策略:(ethics strategy)社会责任:(socisl responsibility)伦理困境:(ethical dilemmas)组织文化:(organizayion cultural)文化相对论:(cultural relativism)道德论者:(righteous moralist)非道德论者:(native immoralist)实用主义伦理:(utilitarian approaches)权利理论:(rights theories)公正分配:(just distribution)无知之幕:(veil of ignorance)道德公约:(code of ethics)利益相关者:(stakeholders)6.国际贸易理论自由贸易:(free trade)新贸易理论:(nwe trade theory)重商主义:(mercantilism)零和博弈:(zero-sum game)绝对优势:(absolute advantage)规模报酬率:(constant returns to specialization)要素禀赋:(factor endowments)规模经济:(economies of scale)国际收支账户:(balance-of-payments accounts)经常账户:(current account)经常账户赤字盈余:(current account deficit surplus)资本账户:(capital account)金融账户:(financial account)7.国际贸易中的政治经济自由贸易:(free trade)关税:(tariff)从量税:(specific tariffs)从价税:(ad valorem tariffs)补贴:(subsidy)进口配额:(import quota)关税配额:(tariff rate quota)自愿出口限制:(voluntary export restraint)配额租金:(quota rent)国产化规定:(local content requirement)行政管理贸易政策:(administrative trade policies)倾销:(dumping)反倾销政策:(antidumping policies)抵消性关税:(counter vailing duties)幼稚工业论:(infant industry argument)战略贸易政策:(strategic trade policy)8.国际直接投资新设投资:(greenfield invsetment)流量:(flow of FDI)存量:(stock of FDI)对外直接投资:(outflows of FDI)外来直接投资:(inflows of FDI)固定资本形成总额:(gross fixed capital formation)折中理论:(eclectic paradigm)出口:(exporting)技术授权:(licensing)内部化理论:(internalization theory)不完善理论:(market imperfections approach)寡头垄断行业:(oligopoly)多点竞争:(multipoint competition)区位优势:(location-specific advantages)外部性:(externalities)国际收支账户:(balance-of-payments accounts)经常项目:(current account)离岸生产:(offshore production)9.区域经济一体化区域经济一体化:(regional economic integration)自由贸易区:(free trade area)关税同盟:(customs union)共同市场:(common market)经济联盟:(economic union)政治联盟:(political union)贸易创造:(trade creation)贸易转移:(trade diversion)执行董事会:(executive board)监管董事会:(governing council)最优货币区:(optional currency area)10.外汇市场外汇市场:(foreign exchange market)汇率:(exchange rate)外汇风险:(foreign exchange risk)外汇投机:(currency speculation)套息交易:(carry trade)即期汇率:(spot exchange rate)远期外汇:(forward exchange)远期汇率:(forward exchange rate)掉期:(currency swap)套汇:(arbitrage)载体货币:(vehicle currency)一价定律:(law of one price)效率市场:(efficient market)应用材料:(applied materials)费雪效应:(Fisher effect)跟风效应:(bandwagon effect)效率市场:(efficient market)无效市场:(inefficient market)自由兑换:(freely convertible)对外可兑换:(externally convertible)不可兑换:(nonconvertible)资本外逃:(capital flight)对等贸易:(counter trade)交易风险:(transaction exposure)折算风险:(translation exposure)经济风险:(economic exposure)提前策略:(lead strategy)错后策略:(lag strategy)11.国际货币体系国际货币体系:(international monetary system)浮动汇率:(floating exchange rate)盯住汇率:(pegged exchange rate)管理浮动:(dirty float)固定汇率:(fixed exchange rate)金本位制度:(gold standard)黄金平价:(gold par value)贸易收支平衡:(balance-of-trade equilibrium)管理浮动制度:(managed-float system)货币局制度:(currency board)货币危机:(currency crisis)银行危机:(banking crisis)外债危机:(foreign debt crisis)裙带资本主义:(crony capitalism)道德风险:(moral hazard)12.全球资本市场共享方差:(shared variance)对冲基金:(hedge funds)游资:(hot money)耐心货币:(patient money)外国债券:(foreign bonds)13.国际企业的战略战略:(strategy)盈利能力:(profitability)投资资本收益率:(ROIC)利润增长:(profit growth)价值创造:(value creation)运营:(operations)核心竞争力:(core competence)区位经济:(location economies)全球网络:(global web)经验曲线:(experience curve)学习效应:(learning effects)规模经济:(economies of scale)普遍需要:(universal needs)全球标准化战略:(global standardization strategy)本土化战略:(localization strategy)跨国战略:(transnational strategy)国际战略:(international strategy)14.国际企业的组织组织构架:(organizational architecture)组织结构:(organizational structure)控制系统:(control systems)奖励:(incentives)流程:(processes)组织文化:(organizational culture)垂直差异化:(vertical differentiation)水平差异化:(horizontal differentiation)建立整合机构:(integrating mechanisms)国际分部:(intermational division)世界范围的地区结构:(worldwide area structure)世界范围的产品分部:(worldwide product division structure)全球矩阵结构:(global matrix structure)知识网络:(knowledge network)个人控制:(personal control)行政组织结构:(bureaucratic control)产出控制:(output control)文化控制:(cultural control)绩效模糊:(performance ambiguity)15.进入战略和战略联盟战略联盟:(strategic alliance)私营部门债务:(private-sector debt)进入时机:(timing of entry)先入者优势:(first-mover advantages)开拓成本:(pioneering costs)交钥匙工程:(turnkey project)技术授权协议:(licensing agreement)技术授权协议:(cross-licensing agreement)特许经营:(franchising)合资企业:(joint venture)全资子公司:(wholly owned subsidiary)16.出口、进口和对等贸易出口管理公司:(export management company)信用证:(letter of credit)汇票:(draft)即期汇票:(sight draft)远期汇票:(time draft)提单:(bill of lading)进出口银行:(Export-Import-Bank)对等贸易:(counter trade)易货贸易:(barter)互购:(counter purchase)抵销:(offset)转手贸易:(switch trading)回购:(buy back)从价关税:(ad valorem tariff)委托代销:(consignment)禁运:(embargo)全球配额:(global quota)无形贸易壁垒:(invisible barriers to trade)信用证:(letter of credit)重商主义:(mercantilism)201条款:(section 201)17.全球生产、外包与物流生产:(production)物流:(cogistics)全面质量管理:(total quality management)六西格玛:(six sigma)最小效率规模:(minimum efficient scale)柔性制造技术:(flexible manufacturing technology)精益生产:(lean production)大规模定制:(mass customization)柔性机器单元:(flexible machine cells)价值重量:(value-to-weight)全球学习:(global learning)来源决策:(make-or-buy decisions)专业化资产:(specialized asset)动态能力:(dynamic capabilities)即时存货:(just-in-time)电子数据交换:(electronic data inferchange) 18.全球营销与开发营销组合:(marketing)市场细分:(market segmentation)集中零售体系:(concentrated retail system)分散零售体系:(fragmented retail system)渠道长度:(channel length)独占性的分销渠道:(exclusive distribution channel)渠道质量:(channel quality)源效应:(source effects)原产国效应:(country of orign effects)噪声:(noisy)推策略:(push strategy)拉策略:(pull strategy)需求价格弹性:(price elasticity of demand)富有弹性:(elastic)缺乏弹性:(inelastic)策略性定价:(strategic pricing)掠夺性定价:(predatory pricing)多点定价:(multipoint pricing)经验曲线定价:(experience curve pricing) 19.全球人力资源管理人力资源管理:(human resource management)外派经理:(expatriate manager)人员配备政策:(staffing policy)企业文化:(corporate culture)外派人员:(expatriates)内派人员:(inpatriates)外派失败:(expatriate failure)自我倾向:(self-orientation)他人倾向:(others-orientation)感知能力:(perceptual ability)文化刚性:(cultural thoughness)20.国际企业会计和财务会计准则:(accounting standards)审计准则:(auditing standards)内部远期汇率:(internal forward rate)货币管理:(money management)交易成本:(transaction costs)双边净额:(bilateral netting)多边净额:(multilateral)税收抵免:(tax credit)税收条款:(tax treaty)延期准则:(deferral principle)避税港:(tax havens)特许权使用费:(royalties)转移价格:(transfer price)弗罗廷贷款:(fronting loan)。

商业道德business ethics

Business Ethics商业道德GoalLearn the Modern English dealing with the proper code of conduct to follow while engaged in activities for your company.学会用洋话连篇现代美语恰当处理公司商务活动TeaserDo companies need to do anything special to discourage employees from breaking the rules? Can you think of any well-known example where the basic code of ethics was violated?What do you think should happen to someone who doesn’t follow the recognized business ethics?公司需要采取一些特殊的措施来防止雇员们违反公司的纪律么？你能想到一些广为人知的违背基本道德规范的例子么？你认为应该如何对待不遵守公共商业道德规范的人？Concepts•Based on a simple sense of knowing right from wrong•Company rules and regulations regarding business ethics is standard policy in most Western businesses•Contravention is often a cause for dismissal•Knowing and following the applicable business ethics ensures a healthy operation for the company, the employees, and the customersVocabularyDiscriminationTreating people unfavorably because of age, sex, race, religion, sexual preference, color, creed, or national origin.Sexual harassmentAny form of unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature. Constitutes sexual harassment when submission to or rejection of this conduct explicitly or implicitly affects an individual's employment, unreasonably interferes with an individual's work performance or creates an intimidating, hostile or offensive work environment.EspionageProcess of illicitly gathering information using techniques ranging from cloak-and-dagger methods (theft, blackmail, mole planting, seduction, eavesdropping) to modern data gathering measures (electronic surveillance, hiring away key employees, phony business purchase negotiation, reverse engineering, fake job interviews, trash evaluation, etc.).IntegrityThe characteristic of a company or employee holding steadfastly true to company goals, ethics and code of conduct, and behaving in a transparent, truthful, and professional fashion.TruthfulnessTelling things the way they are, according to the facts.HonestyConsistently telling the truth, being sincere, and doing work with integrity.IncompletenessPutting a spin on a business report, presentation, press release, etc., with the intent of giving a favorable impression by hiding adversefacts and figures.TheftThe act of taking something doesn’t belong to you.Misuse of the InternetUsing the Internet on company time for non-company-related pursuits.BriberyMoney, property, or a favor given, offered, or promised to a person or accepted by a person in a position of trust as an inducement todishonest behavior.KickbacksThe act of illegally compensating someone to get a contract, to split money, or togain further economic, social, or political advantage.UsageSexual harassment can occur in a variety of circumstances. The main conditions that apply are: · The victim as well as the harasser may be a woman or a man.· The victim does not have to be of the opposite sex.· The harasser can be the victim's supervisor, an agent of the employer, a supervisor in another area, a co-worker, or a non-employee.· The victim does not have to be the person harassed but could be anyone affected by the offensive conduct.· Unlawful sexual harassment may occur without economic injury to or discharge of the victim. · Th e harasser's conduct must be unwelcome.EspionageEvery business has valuable proprietary data, such as customer and supplier lists, economic, technological and product research reports, sales and marketing plans, know- how and methods of doing business.TheftThe most common business thefts include:Office supplies, computer equipment, food, money.Remember that theft is taking something with the intent to keep it. If you forget a company pen in your pocket, it doesn’t automatically imply theft .Misuse of the InternetIncludes surfing the Web, Email, Games, etc.性骚扰的发生有多种情况。

PASSBEC新编剑桥商务英语口试必备手册(中高级)

目录第一单元公司运作与管理Teamwork 团队合作 1 Reducing Production Cost 降低生产成本 12Internal Communications 部沟通 8Reducing Overheads 减少管理费用 18How to Deal with a Heavy Workload 如何应对繁重的工作 23Work Environment工作环境 27Logistics物流 32Business Ethics 商业道德第二单元人力资源管理 37Recruiting & Selecting 人员招聘 42Employee Training 员工培训 48 Career Development 职业发展 53Promotion 晋升 59Staff promotion 激励员工 65Staff turnover 员工流失 71Appraising and Improving Performance 绩效考核与改进绩效 76Pay and benefits 薪酬与福利 80Labor relations劳动关系 85Work place safety and health 工作安全与职业保健 90Time management 时间管理 95Managing stress 缓解压力第三单元市场营销 101Product development 产品开发 106Setting price 产品定价 110Product promotion 产品推广 114Advertising 广告 118Packaging 包装 122Branding 品牌 126Customer satisfaction 顾客满意度 130Keeping Customers 留住顾客 134Marketing channels 营销渠道第四单元商务旅行 138Travel and transport 出行与交通工具 142 Travel and accommodation 差旅与住宿 148Domestic travel 国差旅 154Travelling abroad 国际差旅第五单元企业公关 160Corporate culture 企业文化 166Company image 公司形象 172Corporate gifting 公司送礼 178Corporate sponsorship 企业赞助 183Dress code 着装要求 189Entertaining business clients 招待客户第六单元公司发展 195Site location and relocation 公司选址和迁址 200 Going global 全球营销 205 Franchise 特许经营 209 Meeting competition 应对竞争第七单元商务电子化与新型工作方式 213 Office automation 办公自动化 217 Setting up company website 建立公司 224 Internet marketing 互联网促销 230 Flexible patterns of work 弹性工作方式第八单元商务会议 235Staging a meeting/conference 举办会议 241 Attending a meeting/conference 参加会议 247 Giving a presentation 大会发言 251 Trade fair and exhibitions 会展 257 PRACTICE TEST ONE 练习1 263PRACTICE TEST TWO 练习 2 271PRACTICE TEST TWO 练习 3 278UNIT ONE Company Operation and Management 第一单元公司运作与管理1.1Teamwork 团队合作Teamwork 团队合作，团队精神Team-based 以团队为基础的Horizontal organization structure 横向企业结构Corporate goals 企业目标Charter 规章，章程Be accountable for 对…负有责任Creative innovation 创新改革，创新发明创新精神Reward system 奖励制度Pay back 回报，报偿Individuality 个性Independent thinking 独立的思想Group decision-making 集体决策Managerial skill 管理技能Coordinate 使协调，调整Interpersonal relationship 人际关系Mutual trust 相互信任Bring out the potentials 充分发挥潜能Closely-knit （关系）密切的Keep track of 跟踪，追踪Time-consuming 花费时间的Line manager 部门经理，业务经理（与行政经理相对）Pre-building 团队建设Nurture 培养，教育，发展Nurture team dynamics 培养团队活力Promote team spirit 提倡团队精神Drive team success 驱使团队成功Minimize 将…减少到最少，最小化Inhibit 约束，抑止Liven up 使…有生气Training session 一场训练，培训课期Rafting 漂流Rock climbing 攀岩Teammate 队友Impact 影响，效果Complementary 补充的，互补的Revitalize 使新生，给予新的活力Trait （个人性格方面的）特征，显著的特点Commitment 敬业精神Interpersonal communication skills 人际交际技能，亦作 interpersonal skillsAddress 处理（事情）Creative innovation 创新精神How to Make Teams Effective 如何组建精锐的团队People in every workplace talk about building the team, working as a team, and my team, but few understand how to create the experience of teamwork or how to develop an effective team.在各种工作场合，人们都在谈论团队建设、团队合作、自己的团队，但是却很少有人真正理解如何体验团队合作以及如何组建一支精锐的团队。

BEC高级口语第一部分话题总结

千里之行，始于足下。

BEC高级口语第一部分话题总结
BEC高级口语第一部分包括以下话题：
1. Work and careers：关于工作和职业的话题，例如职业规划、就业市场、工作经验等。

2. Technology and communication：关于科技和通信的话题，例如电子邮件、社交媒体、手机等。

3. Globalization and business travel：关于全球化和商务旅行的话题，例如跨国公司、国际商务、文化差异等。

4. Management and leadership：关于管理和领导力的话题，例如团队管理、决策 making、创新等。

5. Customer service and sales：关于客户服务和销售的话题，例如客户满意度、销售技巧、市场营销等。

6. Ethics and corporate social responsibility：关于道德和企业社会责任的话题，例如商业道德、可持续发展、公平贸易等。

在准备BEC高级口语考试时，需要熟悉这些话题，并且能够就每个话题提
供相关的信息和观点。

因为口语考试的性质，还需要练习流利地表达自己的想法，并能够与考官进行对话。

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BEC高级精讲班第14讲Businessethics

BEC高级精讲班第14讲讲义HomeworkreviewI. Homework reviewl Read this text from a business magazine.A successful businesswomanLaura Ashley’s multi-million pound success came about almost by accident when she was a young married woman, pregnant with her first child. She designed some scarves at home because she was bored. 0 H Ashley’s designs now decorate houses all round the world.H. Those simple home-made items represented the beginning of a business empire which is now well known to millions.She was born in Wales in 1925 but moved to London in 1949 when she got married, and at first she was content to take on the traditional housewife’s role. “The idea of having four babies, cooking, sewing and looking after the home suited me perfectly.”9 What began as a hobby quickly became a successful business as she began to receive orders from a number of large London shops. It didn’t stop there: in the1950s, when most of society was looking forward to the space age, Laura Ashley made a fortune by looking back to past centuries, searching out old designs to decorate a variety of clothes and household furnishings. 10 Soon they were being shipped abroad in large quantities and she began to sell them from her own shop.C. All that changed when she became interested in printing fabrics.G. These traditional products created a huge wave of demand from the USA and elsewhere.In 1961 she moved her business to her native region of Wales, where the operation grew to dominate the town of Carno. 11 A second one was establishing some years later in The Netherlands.F. When its railway station closed, Ashley converted it into a factory.Throughout her life and despite the multinational success of her business, Ashley remained a traditional housewife at heart. 12 She saw the workplace as a kind of home, and her employees enjoyed unusually good working conditions; for example, there were no night shifts and the working week ended at midday on Friday. Even as the company grew, employees still had a say in how it was run. As she said, “our success is due to people. It is our employees who come first.”13 They, ofcourse, have profited from that – as have many others with a stake in the company. The business is now large and successful, with a sophisticated management team. To this day, though, the products remain traditional and all the shops are still decorated like 19th century houses.A. Her company reflected the traditional values she admired.D.When the company was floated on the stock market, many of them opted to become shareholders.By 1995, the year she died, the business had grown so much that she had decide to remain involved only in the area of design. 14 She had never set out to become a businesswoman, but last year the company she started as a hobby reported a turnover of ￡332 million, with a pre-tax profit of ￡3.8 million. That’s not bad for a business that started a t a kitchen table!B. The creative side of things was what she had always enjoyed most.C G F AD BVocabularyStudyII. Vocabulary StudyEnglish vocabulary which originates from Frenchelite noun [countable]a group of people who have a lot of power and influence because they have money, knowledge, or special skillspolitical/social/economic etc elitethe domination of power by a small political elitea struggle for power within the ruling eliteelite adjectivean elite group contains the best, most skilled or most experienced people or members of a larger groupan elite group of artists elite universitiesdebut verb1 [intransitive] to appear in public or become available for the first timeThe show will debut next Monday at 8.00pm.2 [transitive]to introduce a product to the public for the first timeￚsynonym launchRalph Lauren debuted his autumn collection in Paris last week.resume noun[countable]résumé1 a short account of something such as an article or speech which gives the main points but no detailsￚsynonym summarya brief résumé of the day's events2 American English a short written account of your education and your previous jobs that you send to an employer when you are looking for a new jobBritish Equivalent: CVclientele noun [singular]all the people who regularly use a shop, restaurant etcThe restaurant attracts a young clientele.bon voyage interjectionused to wish someone a good journeycafé noun [countable]1 a small restaurant where you can buy drinks and simple meals2 a public place that is connected to a computer network, where people with similar interests discuss things by sending and receiving messagesan Internet caféWhatarebusinessethics?III. What are business ethics?1. Speaking.ethic noun1 [countable] a general idea or belief that influences people's behaviour and attitudes 伦理标准，道德标准（或体系）The old ethic of hard work has given way to a new ethic of instant gratification. 过去辛勤劳动的道德标准让位给了新的道德体系，即迅速的满足。

BEC商务英语热词说法总结

千里之行，始于足下。

BEC商务英语热词说法总结BEC商务英语常用热词总结：
1. Globalization: 全球化
2. Sustainability: 可持续性
3. Outsourcing: 外包
4. E-commerce: 电子商务
5. Marketing strategy: 市场营销策略
6. Supply chain management: 供应链管理
7. Human resources: 人力资源
8. Corporate social responsibility: 企业社会责任
9. Risk management: 风险管理
10. Leadership skills: 领导能力
11. Financial analysis: 财务分析
12. Market research: 市场调研
13. Competitive advantage: 竞争优势
14. Customer relationship management: 客户关系管理
15. Intellectual property: 知识产权
16. Business ethics: 商业道德
17. Business negotiations: 商务谈判
18. Business etiquette: 商务礼仪
19. Cross-cultural communication: 跨文化交流
20. Product development: 产品开发
这些热词在商务英语中经常出现，针对这些热词，可以通过了解其定义、用法及相关例句来加深对其理解。

对于提高商务英语水平很有帮助。

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BEC分类词汇及缩写

BEC分类词汇HRcorporate structure hierarchical企业架构分级company/corporation法人团体incorporation组成公司美国用Inc，英国用ltd，指private company,与PLC（上市公司）对应/business/firm/enterprise/subsidiary/branch/officepresident/chairman/CEO/CFO/COO/managing director/ senior executiveautonomy 独立经营responsivenessteamwork spirit 团队精神common objective 共同目标shared expectation 共同愿景mutual understanding 普遍共识cultural norm 文化规范leadership 领导力roles and allocation 角色扮演collaboration 合作cooperate 合作make an equal contribution 相同的贡献share information 信息共享team building 团队建设take on responsibility 承担责任bring in a consultant/expatriate manager 引入顾问/咨询经理come up with ideas 提出想法multiple-cultural 多元文化cultural diversity 文化多样性performance criteria 绩效标准cross-cultural team 跨文化团队cultural awareness 文化意识staff motivation 员工激励job satisfaction 工作满意度intrinsic value 本源/内部价值extrinsic value 外部价值recognition 肯定financial reward 财务鼓励job enrichment 工作改进job rotation 工作流on-going training 岗位训练outdoor assault courses拓展课程staff morale 工作士气remuneration/ salary/wage/pay 酬劳/薪水（多用于办公室阶层）/工资（多用于非办公室阶层）/支付（通用说法）seniority工龄high-caliber /highly qualified 高水准incompetence 不能胜任staff appraisal 员工评估shift work 值班performance 表现；绩效promotion prospects 升职预期assessment 评估job description 职位描述job requirements 岗位要求working environment 工作环境redundancy 裁员lay-off 解雇benefits 福利voucher代金券/凭单/收据discount voucher优惠券retail voucher 零售优惠券childcare voucher 儿童优惠券accident insurance 意外保险pension养老金old-age pension/抚恤金/退休金retirement pension medicare（美为老人而设）医疗保障方案accident/travel/ critical illness insurancebonus scheme 组合奖金perk津贴headhunter 猎头job advertisement 招聘启事recruitment agency 招聘机构Career path 职业轨迹work one’s way up through the ranks 内部上升/内部提升extensive contact network 外部网络fill a vacancy 填补空白interim manager （短期职位）经理temp 临时雇员on probation在试用期中/服缓刑期间safety and rights 安全与权利office injuries 办公室伤害risk assessment 风险评估insurance costs 保险支出inspector 检察员adequate precaution 充分预防maintenance 维护civil liability 民事责任safety equipment 保安设备/装置first aid facilities 急救设施smoking breaks 吸烟区grievance 不满；抱怨staff complaint 员工不满unfair dismissal 不公平解雇work overtime 加班sexual harassment性骚扰verbal/written warning 书面警告2 marketingbrand power 品牌力量identity 识别target customer 目标客户brand damage 品牌受损competitive advantage 竞争优势user-friendliness 用户满意reputation 名誉reliability 可靠性after-sales service 售后服务warranty 担保product types 产品类型loyalty schemes 忠诚计划bonus points 利润点Self-owned chain 自由产业链Franchise 连锁经营Standardization 标准化economies of scale 规模经济marketing campaign 市场活动domestic market 国内市场Direct selling/leaflet/brochure/catalogue/flyer/pamphlet 直销/传单/手册/商品目录/传单/小册子market share 共同市场market presence 市场参与trade fair 贸易展会exhibitor 展出者showcase 展柜retailer 零售商mail order houses邮购商场Booth 货摊Lucrative 有利可图的3 financesub- prime debt 次级债stock and shares 股票和分红equity 抵押资产净值future stake股票期权dividend 股息P/E 利润价格比率CPI(consumer price index) 消费物价指数Assets/ Equities/ Liabilities 资产/股权/负债Income tax 进项税Depreciation折旧ROI 投资收益率；利润率Speculate 投机Broker 经纪人Peril 风险Listed/floated/quoted/public companyNASDAQ: national association of securities dealers automated quotation 纳斯达克Prospectus 内容计划书Dual-listed 双重上市Commission 委员会Sector板块Foreclosure取消抵押品赎取权Vested interest既得利益cash flow 现金流total sales 总销售额down payment 头期款；预付定金the remainder/final payment/completion fee 剩余费用cash on delivery 现金支付credit term 信任条款order components/parts 订单组成部分early settlement discount 早期折扣rent of property 租用物业payroll 工资labor costs 人力成本interest 利润inflow 货币回笼outflow 货币流出balance 平衡penalty charges 罚金supplier 供应商reporting results 业绩报告gross/net profit毛/净利润operating income营业收入（total net revenues--total operating costs and expenses）= gross profitnet income净收入(operating income + other income-other expense-income tax) = net profitrevenue/gains/turnover收入(未扣除费用与税款)（turnover=sales revenue）expenditure/overheads/expenses费用taxation税费gross /net profit margin毛/净利润率operating margin毛利率takeover/consolidation/merger/acquisition 接管/合并/并购/获得joint venture 合资经营R&D capabilities 研发能力cash and stock swap 现金和证券交易hostile acquisition 恶意收购predatory competitor恶意竞争者globalization 全球化outsourcing 外部资源outsourcer外包方/contractor承包方Haulage 运费medium-sized 中等规模distribution/logistics 分销；物流vendor 自动售卖机；小贩relocation & new premises 新场地选址pro-business environment 对商务有利的环境financial aids 财务援助state-of-the-art telecommunications 先进的通讯sophisticated transport logistics 精益物流Appropriate infrastructures 基础设施占用Highly efficient distribution network 高效率分销网络Accommodation 调节Amenities facilities 适应性设施Renovation 革新4 corporate culturemission statement 使命描述dress code 着装要求Code of conduct 行为规范business ethics 商业道德Industrial espionage 工业情报工作；工业间谍Imitation product 仿制产品Monitoring/Surveillance equipment 监听/监督设备Corporate philanthropy 企业捐助；慈善事业Discrimination 识别Privacy 隐私Child labor 童工Dumping 倾销Fair/foul play 公平/不公平竞争外贸英语函电常用缩略语大全A =first quality,first grade,first classA.A.R =agianst all risksABV =aboveABT =aboutA/C,AC=accountACCES =accessory,accessoriesACDG =accordingACDGLY=accordinglyACEPT,ACPT=acceptACEPTD,ACPTD=acceptedACPTBL=acceptableACPTC =acceptanceACK =acknowledge,acknowledged,acknowledgementACOMN,ACCOMDN=accommodationAD =advertisementADDL,ADDNL=additionalADDN =additionADDS,ADS=addressADJ =adjust（ment）ADV =advice,adviseAFRN =afternoonAGCY =agencyAGN =againAGNT =agentAGNST,AGST=againstAGR =agreeAGRD =agreedAGRMT =agreementAIR =airmailAIRD =airmailedAIRG =airmailingAIRML =airmailAIRFRT=airfreightALRDY =alreadyAM =AmericaAMAP =as many（much）as possibleAMDT =amendmentAMDD =amendedAMND =amendAMNDMT=amendmentAMNT,AMT=amountANS =answerA/O =account ofA/OR =and/orAPPLCTN=applicationAPPROX,APPR=approximate（ly）APV =approveAPVD =approvedARFRT =airfreightA.R. =all risksARNGMTS=arrangementsAPR =AprilARR,ARV=arriveART =articleARVD =arrivedARVL =arrivalA/S =at sight,after sightASA =as soon asASAP =as soon as possibleASRTMT,ASTMT=assortment（for textiles BIZ）ASST =assistantASSTANCE=assistanceASSTD =assorted（for textiles BIZ）ATCH =attach（ed）（ment）ATN,ATTN=attentionAUG =AugustAUTH =authorizeAVBL,AVLBL=availableAVTG =averageA.W.B, AWB=air way billAWTG =awaitingAM,A/M=above mentioneda.k.a.=also known asa.s.o.=and so onB =beBG =bagBAL,BALCE =balanceB/B =bed and breakfast（for hotel BIZ）BCOS,BCOZ =becauseB/D =bank draftBEF,BFR =beforeBGN =beginBIBI =byebyeBIZ =businessBK =bank,bookBKFST =breakfast（for hotel business）BKBLE,BKBL =bookableBKG =bookingB/L =Bill of LadingBLCH =bleachBLDG =buildingBLNDD =blended（for textile BIZ）BP =British PharmacopoeiaBR =BritainBRS =brassBSNS =businessBSR =basic service rate（for ocean transportation BIZ）BTM =bottomBTN =buttonBTWN =betweenBUS =businessBXS =boxesBYR =buyerCA =CanadaCAAC =Civil Aviation Adiministration of ChinaCAD =Canadian dollar,Cash against Documents CALIF =CaliforniaCAND =Canadian dollarCAPT =captainCAT =catalogueCBL =cableCCIB =China CoMModity Inspection BureauCERT =certificateCFM =confirmCFMD =confirmedCFMG =confirmingCFMN,CFMTN =confirmationCFS =container feight stationCFT（CBFT）=cubic feetCHNG =changeCHNGD =changedCHQ =chequeCHRGS =chargesC.I.C.,CIC =China Insurance ClauseCK =checkCLR =colorCLRWY =colourway（for textiles BIZ）CLSD =closedCMOS =complementary metal-oxide semiconductorC/N =credit noteCNCL =cancelCMT =cutting,making（manufacturing）and trimmingCNCLN =cancellationCNT,CANT =can't,cannotCNTR =counterC/O =in care of=certificate of originC/OFR =counter offerCOL =collationCOL-CARD =colour card（for textiles BIZ）CLOWAY =colorwayCOMM =commissionCOMP =completeCONC =concerningCOND,CONDI =conditionCONSGNT,CONSGT=consignment CONSR =consumerCONT =continueCONT,CONTR =contractCONTD =continuedCONTR,CTNR,CNTR=containerCOOP =co-operationCORP =cooperationCORR,CRT =correctCOSCO =China Ocean Shipping Co.C/P =Charter partyCR,CRED =creditCRT（S）=crate,cratesC/S =case,casesC/SMPL =counter sampleCST（S）=chest（s）CSTMR =customerCTF =correction to followCTLG =catalogueCTN（S）=carton（s）CU,CUB =cubicCUTG =cuttingCVC =cheif value cotton（for garments BIZ）CWT =hundred weightCY =container yardCY/CY =container yard to container yard DALPO =do all possibleDBL =doubleDBLB =double（room）with bathDBT =debitD/C =documentary credit（for banking BIZ）DCRE =decreaseDD,DTD =datedD/D =demand draftDEC =DecemberDELY =deliveryDEPT =departmentDESTN =destinationDFRN =different,differenceDIFF =differenceDIR =directorDIRTLY =directlyDIS,DISC =discountDISAPV =disapprove（al）DISHD =dishonoredDISRGD =disregardDIV =dividendDLRS,DLS =dollarsDLVR =deliverDLVD =deliveredDLVRY =deliveryDLY =delyD/N =debit noteDO =dittoDOC =documentsDOZ =dozenDPT =departureDR =debit,debitorDRG,DRWG=drawingDS =daysD/S =days sight=days after sight DSGN =designDT =dateDTL =detail（s）DUP,DUPLCT=duplicateDWN =downD.W.T.,DWT=deadweight ton（s）DZ =dozenE/D=expire dateEDF=estimated date of flightE.E.C=European Economic CommunityEEE,ERR=errorEELCE=L/CEL,E/L=export licenceEMGNCY=emergencyENC,ENCL=enclosureENQURY,ENQRY=enquiryE.&O.E=errors and omissions exceptedERLY=earlyEQL=equalEQUI=equivalentESTABG=establishingETA=estimated time of arrivalETD=estimated time of departureEXAM=examineEXCH,EXCHG=exchangeEXPLN=explainEXP=export,expireEXT=extend,extensionFACTRY=factoryFAQ=fair average qualityFAV=favourFAVRBL=favourableF/B=full board（for hotel BIZ）FCL=full container loadFDA=Food and Drug Adiministration（U.S.A.）F/E/C=foreign exchange certificatef.i.=for instance, free inFIG（S）=figure（s）FIO,F.I.O.=free in,out and stowedF.I.O.S.T=free in,out,stowed and trimmedFLT=flightFLW=followFLWG,FOLG=followingFEB=FebruaryFLWS=followsFM=fromFNL=finalF.O.=free outFOA=FOB airportFOC=free of chargeFOR=free on railFOT=free on truckFPA=free of particular averageF.R.E.C=Fire Risk Extension ClauseFRI=FridayFRT=freightFRZ=frozenFWD,FORWD=forwardFYI=for your informationFYG=for your guidanceFYR=for your referenceG/A=general averageGAL,GALL=gallonGBP=Great Britain PoundGD=goodGEN=generalGF=gold francGLD=goldGM（S）=gram（s）GMQ=Good Merchantable QualityGMT=Greenwich Mean TimeGNRL=generalG.O.H=garments on hangGOVT=governmentGR=grain,gram（me）G.R.T.=gross registered tonnageGR WT=gross,weightGSP=Generalized System of Preferences GT=gross tonGV=giveGUAR,GURANTE=guaranteeG/W=gross weightH/B=half board（for hotel BIZ）HGT=heightHK=HongKongHKD=HongKong dollarHk（S）=hand（s）（for textile BIZ）H.O=head officeHOLDY=holidayHR=here,hourHP=high pressure,horsepowerHRWITH=herewithHV=haveHVB=have been,has been,had beenHVY=heavyHWEVR,HWVR=howeverIAW=in accordance withI.C.C.=institute cargo clauses, International Chamber of CoMMerceICW=in connection withIFMN=infomationIL.,I/L=import licenceIMM,IMMED=immediate（ly）IMMD,IMMET=immediateIMMDLY,IMDTLY=immediatelyIMP=importIMPRV=improveIMPS=impossibleIMPT=importantIMPVD=improvedIN=inchINCD,INCLDD=includedINCDG=includingINCL,INCLD=includeINCL=inclusiveINCR,INCRE=increaseINCRCT,INCOR=incorrectINDIV=individualINF,INFM=informINFMD=informedINFMG=informingINFMTN,INFN,IFMN=informationINFO=infomationINP=if not possibleINQ=inquireINQRY=inquiryINS=insuranceINST=installmentINSTRCTN,INSTN=instructionINSUR=insuranceINTL=internationalINTRST（D）=interest（ed）INTST=interestINV,IVO=invoiceINVEST,INVSGT=investigateINVSGN=investigationI/O=instead ofI.O.P=irrespective of percentageIOT=in order toIOU=I owe youIRRESP=irrespectiveIRREV,IRVCBL=irrevocableISO=International Standards OrganizationIVO=in view ofJAL=Japan Air LinesJAN=JanuaryJAP=JapanJCQD=jacquard（for textiles BIZ）JKT=jacketJUL=JulyJUN=JuneKANS=KansasKC（S）=kilocycle（s）KG（S）=kilogram（s）KL=kiloliterKM=kilometerKP=keepKV=kilovoltKW=kilowattKWH=kilowatt-hourKY=KentuckyL=letter,large,sterlingLAB,Lab=laboratoryLB（S）=pound（s）LCD=liquid-crystal diodeLCL=less than cartload lot,less than container load LDN=LondonLDT=light displacementLED=light emitting diodeLET=letterL/G=letter of guaranteeLIT=litreLMT=local mean timeLNTH=lengthLST=local standard timeLT,L/T=long tonLTE=lateLTR,LTTR=letterLVE=leaveO/A =on or aboutO/B =on boardOBLD=obligedOBS =observeOBT =obtainOC =our cableOC5 =our cable dated 5thOCC =occupiedO.C.P,OCP=overland common pointOCT =OctoberODR =orderOFC =officeOFCL=officialOFF =officeOFA,OFR（S）=offer（s）OK =all right or agreedOL =our letterOPEC=Organization of the Petroleum=Exporting countriesOPN =openOPND=openedOPNG=openingOPT =optionORD =ordinaryORIG,ORGNL=originalOT =our telex,our telegramOTLX=our telexOTHWS=otherwiseOURSLVS=ourselvesOZ =ounceOZWS=otherwisePA =PennsylvaniaPACKG=packingPAMP,PAM=pamphletPAT =patentPATTN=patternPAYMT,PAYT=paymentPCE,PC=piecePCT =percentPCTG=percentagePENN=PennsylvaniaPHLN=PhilippinePIA =Pakistan Air LinesP/INV=proforma invoiceP.I.C.C.=The People's Insurance Co. of ChinaPKG =packing,packagePKTS=packetsPLS,PL=pleasePLT（S）=plate（s）POLY=polyesterPOSN=positionPOSS,POSSBL=possiblePRC =pricePREV=previousPROB=probablePROBM=problemPROD=produtionPROX=proximoPRVS=previousPRVT=privateP.S.T.,PST=Pacific Standard Time（U.S.A.）PUR =purchasePURCHS=purchasePURP=purposePVC=polyvinyl chloridePYMT=paymentQLTY =qualityQNTY =quantityQOT =quoteQSTN =questionQTN,QUTN=quotationQUOT,QUOTN=quotationR =areRCPT =receiptRCV =receiveRCVD =receivedRCVG,RECVG=receivingRD =read,roadRE =referringRECD,RECVD=receivedREF =referenceREFCON=refrigerated container REG =registerREFD =registeredREGDG=regardingREGL =regularREIMB=reimbursement RELTNS=relations RESPCTVLY=respectively REQ,REQST=request REQMNT=requirementREQR =requireREQRMT=requirementREP =representativeREPT =reportRESN =reservationRESP =respectiveRESV =reserveREV =revisedRGDS =regards,best regardsRMKS =remarksRND =roundR/O =room only（without breakfast）（for hotel business）ROC =refer to our cableROC8/2=refer to our cable dated Feb.8ROL =refer to our letterRO/RO=roll on/roll offR/O/T=roll on tube（for textiles business）ROT =refer to our telegram（telex）ROTLX=refer to our telexRPT =repeat,reportRPTN =repetitionRPY =replyRQST =requestREPON=responsible（bility）R.S.V.P.=please reply（repondez s'il vous plait）RTRN =returnRYC =refer to your cableRYL =refer to your letterRYT =refer to your telexRYTLX=refer to your telex of August 24RYTLX24/8=refer to your telex of August 24。

商务英语词汇大全[BEC词汇打印版]

商务英语词汇大全abroad adv.在国外，出国，广泛流传absence n.缺席，离开absent adj.不在，不参与absenteeism n.（经常性）旷工，旷职absorb v.吸收，减轻（困难等）作用或影响abstract n.摘要access n.接近（或进入）的机会，享用权v.获得使用计算机数据库的权利accommodation n.设施，住宿account n.会计账目accountancy n.会计工作accountant n.会计accounts n.往来账目account for解释，说明account executive n.（广告公司）客户经理accruals n.增值，应计achieve v.获得或达到，实现，完成acknowledge v.承认，告知已收到（某物），承认某人acquire v.获得，得到acquisition n.收购，被收购的公司或股份acting adj.代理的activity n.业务类型actual adj.实在的，实际的，确实的adapt v.修改，适应adjust v.整理，使适应administration实施，经营，行政administer v.管理，实施adopt v.采纳，批准，挑选某人作候选人advertise v.公布，做广告ad n.做广告，登广告advertisement n.出公告，做广告advertising n.广告业after-sales service n.售后服务agenda n.议事日程agent n.代理人，经纪人allocate v.分配，配给amalgamation n.合并，重组ambition n.强烈的欲望，野心amortize v.摊还analyze v.分析，研究analysis n.分析，分析结果的报告analyst n.分析家，化验员annual adj.每年的，按年度计算的annual general meeting（AGM）股东年会anticipate v.期望anticipated adj.期待的appeal n.吸引力apply v.申请，请求；应用，运用applicant n.申请人application n.申请，施用，实施appointee n.被任命人appraisal n.估量，估价appreciate v.赏识，体谅，增值appropriate v.拨出（款项）approve v.赞成，同意，批准aptitude n.天资，才能arbitrage n.套arbitration n.仲裁arrears n.欠账assemble v.收集，集合assembly line n.装配线，流水作业线assess v.评定，估价asset n.资产current asset n.流动资产fixed asset n.固定资产frozen asset n.冻结资产intangible assets n.无形资产liquid assets n.速动资产tangible assets n.有形资产assist v.援助，协助，出席audit n.查账，审计automate v.使某事物自动操作average n.平均，平均水准awareness n.意识；警觉backing n.财务支持，赞助backhander n.贿赂backlog n.积压（工作或订货）bad debt死账（无法收回的欠款）balance n.收支差额，余额balance of payments n.贸易支付差额balance sheet n.资产负债表bankrupt adj.破产的bankruptcy n.破产bank statement n.银行结算清单（给帐户的），银行对账单bar chart n.条形图，柱状图bargain v.谈判，讲价base n.基地，根据地batch n.一批，一组，一群batch production批量生产bear market n.熊市beat v.超过，胜过behave v.表现，运转bbehavior n.举止，行为，运转情况below-the-line advertising线下广告，尚未被付款的广告benchmark衡量标准benefit n.利益，补助金，保险金得益fringe benefits附加福利Sickness benefit疾病补助费bid n.出价，投标takeover bid n.盘进（一个公司）的出价bill n.账单，票据billboard n.（路边）广告牌，招贴板black adj.违法的in the black有盈余，贷方black list黑名单，禁止贸易的（货物、公司及个人）名单black Monday n.黑色星期一，指1987年10月国际股票市场崩溃的日子blue chips蓝筹股，绩优股blue-collar adj.蓝领（工人）的Board of Directors n.董事会Bond n.债券Bonus n.津贴，红利books公司账目book value n.账面价值，（公司或股票）净值bookkeeper n.簿记员，记账人boom n.繁荣，暴涨boost v.提高，增加，宣扬bottleneck n.瓶颈，窄路，阻碍bottom adj.最后的，根本的v.到达底部，建立基础bounce v.支票因签发人无钱而遭拒付并退回brainstorm n/v点子会议，献计策,头脑风暴branch n.分支，分部brand n.商标，品牌brand leader n.占市场最大份额的品牌，名牌brand loyalty n.（消费者）对品牌的忠实break even v.收支相抵，不亏不盈break even point收支相抵点,盈亏平衡点breakthrough n.突破brief n.摘要brochure n.小册子broker n.经纪人，代理人bull market牛市budget n.预算bulk n.大量（货物）adj.大量的bust adj.破了产的buyout n.买下全部产权CAD(=Computer Aided Design)计算机辅助设计call n.打电话call on v.呼吁，约请，拜访campaign战役，运动candidate n.求职者，候选人canteen n.食堂canvass v.征求意见，劝说capacity n.生产额，（最大）产量caption n.照片或图片下的简短说明capital n.资本，资金capture v.赢得cash n.现金，现付款v.兑现cash flow n.现金流量case study n.案例分析catalogue n.目录，产品目录catastrophe n.大灾难，大祸CEO=Chief Executive Officer（美）总经理chain n.连锁店challenger n.挑战者channel n.(商品流通的)渠道charge n.使承担，要（价），把…记入…chart n.图表checkout n.付款台chief adj.主要的，首席的，总的CIF, c.i.f.成本保险费加运费circular n.传阅的小册子（传单等）circulate v.传阅claim n./v.要求，索赔client n.委托人，顾客cold adj.没人找上门来的，生意清淡的commercialize v.使商品化commission n.佣金commitment n.承诺commodity商品，货物company n.公司limited (liability) company股份有限公司public limited company (plc) n.股票上市公司compensate v.补偿，酬报compensation n.补偿，酬金compete v.比赛，竞争competition n.比赛，竞争competitor n.竞争者，对手competitive adj.竞争性的component n.机器元件、组件、部件，部分concentrated marketing n.集中营销策略condition n.条件，状况configuration n.设备的结构、组合conflict n.冲突，争论conglomerate n.综合商社，多元化集团公司consolidate v.账目合并consortium n.财团constant adj.恒定的，不断的，经常的consultant n.咨询人员，顾问，会诊医生consumables n.消耗品consumer durables n.耐用消费品(如：洗衣机)consumer goods n.消费品，生活资料contingency n.意外事件continuum n.连续时间contract n.合同，契约contractor n.承办商，承建人contribute v.提供，捐献contribution n.贡献，捐献，税conversion n.改装，改造conveyor n.运送，传递，转让core time n.（弹性工作制的）基本上班时间（员工于此段时间必须上班，弹性只对除此以外的时间有效）cost n.成本fixed costs固定成本running costs日常管理费用variable costs可变成本cost-effective adj.合算的，有效益的costing n.成本计算，成本会计credit n.赊购，赊购制度credit control赊销管理（检查顾客及时付款的体系）letter of credit信用证credit limit赊销限额credit rating信贷的信用等级，信誉评价creditor n.债权人，贷方creditworthiness n.信贷价值，信贷信用crisis n.危机，转折点critical adj.关键的*criticalpath analysis n.关键途径分析法currency n.货币，流通current adj.通用的，现行的Current account往来账户，活期（存款）户current assets n.流动资产current liabilities n.流动负债customize v.按顾客的具体要求制造（或改造等）；顾客化cut-throat adj.残酷的，激烈的cut-price a.削价（出售）的CV(=curriculum vitae)n.简历，履历cycle time n.循环时间damages n.损害，损失deadline n.最后期限deal n.营业协议，数量v.交易dealer n.商人debit n.借方，欠的钱v.记入账户的借方debt n.欠款，债务to get into debt负债to be out of debt不欠债to pay off a debt还清债务debtor n.债务人aged debtors长期债务人declare v.申报，声明decline n./v.衰退，缓慢，下降decrease v.减少deduct v.扣除，减去default n.违约，未履行defect n.缺陷defective adj.有缺点的defer v.推迟deferred payments n.延期支付deficit n.赤字delivery cycle n.交货周期demand management n.需求规划decorticated adj.消极的，冷谈的deposit n.储蓄，预付（定金）depot n.仓库depreciate v.贬值，（对资产）折旧depressing adj.令人沮丧的deputy n.代理人，副职，代理devalue v.货币贬值（相对于其它货币）diet n.饮食，食物，特种饮食differentiation n.区分，鉴别dimensions n.尺寸，面积，规模direct v.管理，指导director n.经理，主管Managing Director n.总经理direct cost n.直接成本direct mail n.（商店为招揽生意而向人们投寄的）直接邮件direct selling n.直销，直接销售directory n.指南，号码簿discount n.折扣，贴现dismiss v.让……离开，打发走dismissal n.打发走dispatch n./v.调遣display n./v.展出，显示dispose v.安排，处理（事务）dispose of去掉，清除distributionn.分配，分发，分送产品diversify v.从事多种经营；多样化divest v.剥夺dividend n.股息，红利，年息division n.部门dog n.滞销品down-market a./ad.低档商品的down-time/downtime n.设备闲置期DP(=Data Processing) n.计算机数据处理，计算机数据处理部门dramatic adj.戏剧性的drive积极性，能动due adj.应付的，预期的dynamic有活力的earnings n.工资,收入efficiency n.效率endorse v.背书，接受engage v.雇用entitle v.授权entitlement n.应得的权利holiday entitlement n.休假权equity n.股东权益equity capital股本equities普通股，股estimated demand n.估计需求evaluate v.估价，评价eventual adj.最终exaggerate v.夸张exceed v.超过exhibit n.展览，表现expenditure n花费，支出额expense n.费用，支出expense account n.费用帐户expenses n.费用，业务津贴expertise n.专长，专门知识和技能exposure n.公众对某一产品或公司的知悉；广告所达到的观众总数facilities n.用于生产的设备、器材facilities layout n.设备的布局规划、计划facilities location n.设备安置factoring n.折价购买债券fail-safe system n.安全系统feasibility study n.可行性研究feedback n.反馈，反馈的信息field n.办公室外边，具体业务file n.文件集，卷宗，档案，文件v.归档fill v.充任finance n.资金，财政v.提供资金financial adj.财政的financing n.提供资金，筹借资金finished goods n.制成品firm n.公司fire v.解雇fix v.确定，使固定在fix up v.解决，商妥fiscal adj.国库的，财政的flagship n.同类中最成功的商品，佼佼者flexible adj.有弹性的，灵活的flextime n.弹性工作时间制flier(=flyer) n.促销传单float v.发行股票flop n.失败flow shop n.车间fluctuate v.波动，涨落，起伏FOB, f.o.b n.离岸价follow-up n.细节落实，接连要做的事forecast v.预测four P's指produce、price、place、promotion framework n.框架，结构franchise n.特许经销权v.特许经销franchisee n.特许经营人franchiser n.授予特许经营权者fraud n.欺骗freebie n.(非正式的）赠品，免费促销的商品freelance n.& adj.自由职业者（的）funds n.资金，基金futures n.期货交易gap n.缺口，空隙gearing n.配称（即定息债务与股份资本之间的比率）gimmick n.好主意，好点子goal n.目标going adj.进行的，运转中的going rate n.产品的市场价格goods n.货物，商品goodwill n.声誉go public v.首次公开发行股票grapple with v.与……搏斗，尽力解决grievance n.申诉，抱怨gross adj.总的，毛的gross margin n.毛利率gross profit n.毛利gross yield n.毛收益graduallyadv.逐渐地group n.（由若干公司联合而成的）集团grow v.增长，扩大growth n.增长，发展guarantee n.保证，保单guidelines n.指导方针，准则hand in v.呈送hand in one's notice递交辞呈handle v.经营hands on adj.有直接经验的hard sell n.强行推销hazard n.危险，危害行为head n.主管，负责health and safety n.健康和安全hedge n.套期保值hidden adj.隐藏的，不明显的hierarchy n.等级制度，统治集团，领导层hire v.雇用hire purchase n.分期付款购物法hit v.击中，到达holder n.持有者holding company n.控股公司hostile adj.不友好的，恶意的HRD n.人力资源发展部human resources n.人力资源hype n.天花乱坠的（夸张）广告宣传impact n.冲击，强烈影响implement v.实施，执行implication n.隐含意义incentive n.刺激；鼓励income n.工资或薪金收入，经营或投资的收入earned income劳动收入，劳动所得unearned income非劳动收入，投资所得increment v.定期增加incur v.招致，承担indemnity n.偿还，赔偿index n.指数，索引retail price index零售价格指数indirect costs n.间接成本induction n.就职industrial adj.工业的industrial action n.（罢工、怠工等）劳工行动industrial relations n.劳资关系inefficiency n.低效率，不称职inflate v.抬高（物价），使通货等）膨胀inflation n.通货膨胀infringe v.违法，违章initial adj.初步的innovate v.革新input n.投入insolvent adj.无清偿力的installment n.部分，分期付款insure v.给……保险，投保insurance n.保险interest n.利息，兴趣interest rate n.利率interim n.中期，过渡期间intermittent production n.阶段性生产interview n./v.面试interviewee n.被面试的人interviewer n.主持面试的人，招聘者introduce v.介绍，提出inventory n.库存buffer inventory用于应付突发性需求的存货capacity inventory用于将来某时使用的存货cycle inventory n.循环盘存decoupling inventory保险性存货（以应付万一）finished goods inventory制成品存货（盘存）pipeline inventory n.在途存货raw materials inventory n.原材料存货work-in-progress inventory在制品盘存（存货）invest v.投资investment n.投资investor n.投资者invoice n.发票v.给（某人）开发票irrevocable adj.不可撤消的，不能改变的issue n.发行股票rights issue n.优先认股权IT=Information Technology信息技术item n.货物，条目，条款job n.工作job description工作说明，职务说明job lot n.一次生产的部分或少数产品job mobility工作流动job rotation工作轮换job satisfaction工作的满意感（自豪感）job shop n.专门车间jobbing n.为一次性的或小的订货需求而特设的生产制度joint adj.联合的joint bank account（几人的）联合银行存款账户journal n.专业杂志jurisdiction n.管辖（权）junk bonds n.低档（风险）债券，垃圾债券junk mail n.（未经收信人要求的）直接邮寄的广告宣传just-in-time n.无库存制度key adj.主要的，关键的knockdown adj.（价格）很低的know-how n.专门技术label n.标签，标牌v.加标签，加上标牌labor n.劳动，工作，劳动力labor market劳动力市场labor relations劳资关系labor shortage劳动力短缺launch v.推出一种新产品n.新产品的推出lay-off/layoff n./v.临时解雇layout n.工厂的布局lead v.领先，领导lead time n.完成某项活动所需的时间leaflet n.广告印刷传单lease n.租借，租赁物legal adj.合法的lend v.出借，贷款lessee n.承租人lesser n.出租人ledger n.分类帐nominal ledger n.记名帐purchase ledger n.进货sales ledger n.销货帐leverage n.杠杆比率liability n.负债liabilities n.债务license n.许可证license v.许可，批准life cycle n.寿命周期likely adj.可能的line process流水线（组装）link n.关系，联系，环liquid adj.易转换成现款的liquidate v.清算liquidity n.拥有变现力liquidation n.清理（关闭公司），清算liquidator n.清算人，公司资产清理人listed adj.登记注册的listing n.上市公司名录literature n.（说明书类的）印刷品，宣传品litigate v.提出诉讼loan n./v.贷款，暂借logo n.企业的特有标记lose v.亏损loser n.失败者loss n.损失lot n.批，量loyalty n.忠诚，忠实magazine n.杂志，期刊mail shot n.邮购maintain v.维持，保持maintenance n.维持，坚持major adj.重大的，主要的，较大的majority shareholding绝对控股make n.产品的牌子或型号make-to-order adj.根据订货而生产的产品make-to-stock adj.指那些在未收到订货时就已生产了的产品management n.管理，管理部门middle management n.中层管理人员senior management n.高层管理人员managerial adj.管理人员的，管理方面的manager n.经理plant manager n.工厂负责人line manager n.基层负责人staff manager n.部门经理助理management accounts n.管理帐目matrix management n.矩阵管理management information system(MIS) n.管理信息系统manning n.人员配备manpower n.劳动力manpower resources n.劳动力资源manual adj.体力的，人工的，蓝领的manufacture v.（用机器）制造manufacturer n.制造者（厂、商、公司）manufacturing adj.制造的manufacturing industry制造业margin n.利润gross margin n.毛利率net margin n.净利润mark-up v.标高售价，加价market n.市场；产品可能的销量down market adv./ adj.低档商品地/的up market adj./adv.高档商品的/地marketing mix n.综合营销策略，指定价、促销、产品等策略的配合market leader n.市场上的主导公司market niche n.小摊位，专业市场的一个小部分market penetration n.市场渗入market segmentation市场划分market share n.市场占有率，市场份额mass-marketing n.大众营销术master production schedule n.主要生产计划material requirements planning(MRP) n.计算生产中所需材料的方法materials handling n.材料管理，材料控制maximize v.使增至最大限度、最大化measure n.措施，步骤media n.新闻工具，传媒mass media大众传媒（如电视、广播、报纸等）merchandising n.（在商店中）通过对商品的摆放与促销进行经营merge v.联合，合并merger n.（公司，企业等的）合并merit n.优点，值得，应受method study n.方法研究middleman n.中间人，经纪人full milk n.全脂牛奶skimmed milk n.脱脂乳minimize v.使减至最小限度，最小化mission n.公司的长期目标和原则mobility n.流动性，可移性moderately adv.中等地，适度地monopoly n.垄断，独占mortgage n./v.抵押motivate v.激励，激发……的积极性motivated adj.有积极性的motivation n.提供动机，积极性，动力motive n.动机negotiate v.谈判negotiable adj.可谈判的，可转让的net adj.净的，纯的network n.网络niche n.专业市场中的小摊位notice n.通知，辞职申请，离职通知objective n.目标，目的obsolete adj.过时的，淘汰的，废弃的offer n.报价，发盘offer v.开价off-season adj./adv.淡季的off-the-shelf adj.非专门设计的off-the-peg adj.标准的，非顾客化的opening n.空位operate v.操作，经营，管理operating profits营业利润operations chart n.经营（管理）表operations scheduling n.生产经营进度表opportunity n.机会optimize v.优化option n.选择权share option n.期权organigram n.组织图organization chart n.公司组织机构图orient v.定向，指引orientation n.倾向，方向；熟悉，介绍情况outcome n.结果outlay n.开销，支出，费用outlet n.商店a retail outlet零售店outgoings n.开支，开销outlined adj.概括，勾勒的草图output n.产量outsource v.外购产品或由外单位制做产品outstanding adj.未付款的，应收的over-demand n.求过于供overdraft n.透支overdraft facility透支限额overdraw v.透支overhead costs n.营业成本overheads n.企业一般管理费用overpay n.多付（款）overtime n.加班overview n.概述，概观owe v.欠钱，应付p.a.(=per annum) n.每年packaging n.包装物；包装parent company n.母公司，总公司part-time adj.部分时间工作的，业余的participate v.参加，分享partnership n.合伙，合伙企业patent n.专利pay n.工资，酬金v.付钱，付报酬take-home pay实得工资payroll n.雇员名单，工资表peak n.峰值，顶点penetrate v.渗透，打入（市场）penetration n.目标市场的占有份额pension n.养老金，退休金perform v.表现，执行performance n.进行，表现工作情况performance appraisal n.工作情况评估perk n.额外待遇（交通、保健、保险等）personnel n.员员工，人员petty cash n.零用现金phase out n.分阶段停止使用pick v.提取生产用零部件或给顾客发货picking list n.用于择取生产或运输订货的表格pie chart n.饼形图pilot n.小规模试验pipeline n.管道，渠道plant capacity n.生产规模，生产能力plot v.标绘，策划plough back n.将获利进行再投资point of sale (POS) n.销售点policy n.政策，规定,保险单portfolio n.（投资）组合portfolio management n.组合证券管理post n.邮件，邮局；职位position n.职位potential n.潜在力，潜势power n.能力purchasing power购买力PR=Public Relations公共关系preference shares n.优先股price n.价格market price市场价，市价retail price零售价probation n.试用期product n.产品production cycle n.生产周期production schedule n.生产计划product life cycle n.产品生命周期product mix n.产品组合（种类和数量的组合）productive adj.生产的，多产的profile n.简介形象特征profit n.利润operating profit n.营业利润profit and loss account n.损益账户project v.预测promote v.推销promotion n.提升，升级proposal n.建议，计划prospect n.预期，展望prospectus n.计划书，说明书prosperity n.繁荣，兴隆prototype n.原型，样品publicity n.引起公众注意public adj.公众的，公开的go public上市public sector公有企业publicity n.公开场合，名声，宣传publics n.公众，（有共同兴趣的）人或社会人士punctual adj.准时的punctuality n.准时purchase v. & n.购买purchaser n.买主，采购人QC(=Quality Circle) n.质检人员qualify v.有资格，胜任qualified adj.有资格的，胜任的，合格的qualification n.资格，资格证明quality n.质量quality assurance n.质量保证quality control质量控制，质量管理quarterly adj./adv.季度的，按季度questionnaire n.调查表，问卷quote n.报价，股票牌价quotation n.报价，股票牌价Ｒ＆ＤResearch and Development研究与开发Radically adv.根本地，彻底地raise n.（美）增薪v.增加，提高；提出，引起range n.系列产品rank n./v.排名rapport n.密切的关系，轻松愉快的气氛rate n.比率，费用fixed rate固定费用，固定汇率going rate现行利率，现行汇率rating评定结果ratio n.比率rationalize v.使更有效，使更合理raw adj.原料状态的，未加工的raw material n.原材料receive v.得到receipt n.收据receiver n.接管人，清算人accounts receivable应收帐receivership n.破产管理recession n.萧条reckon v.估算，认为recognize v.承认reconcile v.使……相吻合，核对，调和recoup v.扣除，赔偿recover v.重新获得，恢复recovery n.重获，恢复recruit v.招聘，征募n.新招收的人员recruitment n.新成员的吸收red n.红色in the red赤字，负债reduce v.减少reduction n.减少redundant adj.过多的，被解雇的redundancy n.裁员，解雇reference n.参考，参考资料reference number (Ref. No.)产品的参考号码refund n./v.归还，偿还region n.地区reimburse v.偿还，报销reject n./v.拒绝reliability n.可靠性relief n.减轻，解除，救济relocate v.调动，重新安置remuneration n.酬报，酬金rent v.租n.租金rep（代表）的缩写report to v.低于（某人），隶属，从属reposition v.(为商品)重新定位represent v.代表，代理representative n.代理人，代表reputation n.名声，声望reputable adj.名声/名誉好的reserves n.储量金，准备金resign v.放弃，辞去resignation n.辞职resistance n.阻力，抵触情绪respond v.回答，答复response n.回答，答复restore v.恢复result/results n.结果，效果retail n./v.零售retailer n.零售商retained earnings n.留存收益retire v.退休retirement n.退休return n.投资报酬return on investment (ROI) n.投资收入，投资报酬revenue n.岁入，税收review v./n.检查reward n./v.报答，报酬，奖赏rework v.（因劣质而）重作risk capital n.风险资本rival n.竞争者，对手adj.竞争的rocket v.急速上升，直线上升，飞升ROIReturn on Investment投资利润roughly adv.粗略地round adj.整数表示的，大约round trip往返的行程royalty n.特许权，专利权税run v.管理，经营running adj.运转的sack v.解雇sales force销售人员sample n.样品v.试验；抽样检验saturation n.（市场的）饱和（状态）saturate v.饱和save v.节省，储蓄savings n.存款scale n.刻度，层次scapegoat n.替罪羊scare adj.缺乏的，不足的scrap n.废料或废品seasonal adj.季节性的section n.部门sector n.部门securities n.债券及有价证券segment n.部分v.将市场划分成不同的部分segmentation n.将市场划分成不同的部门semi-skilled adj.半熟练的settle v.解决，决定settlement n.解决，清偿，支付service n.服务，帮佣services n.专业服务settle v.安排，支付set up v.创立share n.股份shareholder n.股东shelf-life n.货架期（商品可以陈列在货架上的时间shift n.轮班showroom n.陈列室simulation n.模拟shop n.商店closed shop限制行业（只允许本工会会员）open shop开放行业（非会员可从事的工作）shop steward工会管事shop floor生产场所shortlist n.供最后选择的候选人名单v.把……列入最后的候选人名单sick leave病假sick note病假条sick pay病假工资skilled employee n.熟练工人skimming n.高额定价，撇奶油式定价slogan n.销售口号slump n.暴跌a slump in sales销售暴跌soft-sell n.劝诱销售（术），软销售（手段）software n.软件sole adj.仅有的，单独的sole distributor独家分销商solvent adj.有偿付能力的sourcing n.得到供货spare part n.零部件specification n.产品说明split v.分离spokesman n.发言人sponsor n.赞助者（为了商品的广告宣传）spread n.（股票买价和卖价的）差额stable adj.稳定的staff n.职员stag n.投机认股者v.炒买炒卖stagnant adj.停滞的，萧条的statute n.成文法statutory adj.法定的steadily adv.稳定地，平稳地stock n.库存，股票stock exchange n.证券交易所stockbroker n.股票经纪人stock controller库房管理者storage n.贮藏，库存量strategy n.战略streamline v.精简机构，提高效率stress n.压力，紧迫strike n.罢工structure n.结构，设备subcontract v.分包（工程项目），转包subordinate n.下级adj.下级的subscribe v.认购subsidiary n.子公司subsidize v.补贴，资助subsidy n.补助金substantially adv.大量地，大幅度地summarize v.概括，总结superior n.上级，长官supervisor n.监督人，管理人supervisory adj.监督的，管理的supply n./v.供给，提供survey n.调查SWOT analysis n.SWOT分析是分析一个公司或一个项目的优点、弱点、机会和风险synergy n.协作tactic n.战术，兵法tailor v.特制产品tailor made products特制产品take on雇用takeover n.接管target n.目标v.把……作为目标tariff n.关税；价目表task n.任务，工作task force n.突击队，攻关小队（为完成某项任务而在一起的一组人）tax n.税，税金capital gains tax n.资本收益税corporation tax n.公司税，法人税income tax n.所得税value added tax增值税tax allowance免减税tax avoidance避税taxable可征税的taxation征税tax-deductible在计算所得税时予以扣除的telesales n.电话销售，电话售货temporary adj.暂时的temporary post临时职位tender n./v.投标territory n.（销售）区域tie n.关系，联系throughput n.工厂的总产量TQC(=Total Quality Control) n.全面质量管理track record n.追踪记录，业绩trade n./v.商业，生意；交易，经商balance of trade贸易平衡trading profit贸易利润insider trading内部交易trade mark商标trade union工会trainee n.受培训者transaction n.交易，业务transfer n./v.传输，转让transformation n.加工transparency n. (投影用)透明胶片treasurer n.司库，掌管财务的人treasury n.国库，财政部trend n.趋势，时尚trouble-shooting n.解决问题turnover n.营业额，员工流动的比率staff turnover人员换手率stock turnover股票换手率undertake v.从事、同意做某事undifferentiated marketing n.无差异性营销策略uneconomical adj.不经济的，浪费unemployment n.失业unemployment benefit n.失业津贴unit n.单位unit cost n.单位成本update v.使现代up to date adj./adv.流行的，现行的，时髦的upgrade v.升级，增加upturn n.使向上，使朝上USP唯一的销售计划vacancy n.空缺vacant adj.空缺的value n./v.价值，估价valuation n.价值value-added n.增加值variable n.可变物variation n.变化，变更variety n.多样化a variety of多种多样的vary v.改变，修改VATValue Added Tax增值税vendor n.卖主（公司或个人）venture n.冒险，投机venue n.地点，集合地点viable adj.可行的viability n.可行性vision n.设想，公司的长期目标vocation n.行业，职业vocational adj.行业的，职业的wage n.（周）工资wage freeze n.工资冻结warehouse n.仓库，货栈wealth n.财富，资源wealthy adj.富裕的，丰富的welfare n.福利white-collar白领阶层white goods n.如洗衣机等用在厨房中的产品wholesale n./adj./adv.批发wholesaler批发商wind up v.关闭公司withdraw v.拿走，收回，退出withdrawal n.拿走，收回，退出wholesale n./a.批发；批发的wholesaler n.批发商work n.工作working conditions n.工作条件work-in-progress n.工作过程workload n.工作量work order n.（包括原料、半成品、成品的）全部存货总量work station工作位置working capital n.营运资本，营运资金write off v.取消write-off n.债务的取消yield n.有效产量zero defect n.合格产品zero inventory n.零存货。

商务英语BEC高级词汇解析

belongs to someone who has agreed to the conditions of a takeover bid 同意股票
assess [ E5ses ] (v.) estimate the value of估价
[例] The property was assessed at ￡20,000.
3. capacity 生产能力
e.g. There will be the capacity problem when the company is already
producing the ma_imum quantity possible, but there is demand for more.
machines has greatly improved.
2.to bring or call together into a group or whole集合
[例] Ask your colleagues to assemble in the meeting room at 10:_.
我们努力与商业伙伴建立关系.
3. business plan 经营计划(包括在一定时期提高销量.开发新产品,以及如何筹措资金.资源等)
e.g. The bank manager wants to see a business plan before agreeing to lend
money.
assembly point (n.) a place where people should gather in an
emergency.集合地点
assented stock (n.) an item of financial value, eg an ordinary share, that

商务英语-business-ethics

18
Part Ⅲ
• critical during times of fundamental change
• sensitizes leaders and staff to how they want to act -- consistently.
• guide leaders through complex conflicts about what is right or wrong.
they should act. ② a strong moral compass
to guide leaders through complex dilemmas. ③substantially improved society.
25
Part Ⅳ
How to manage ethics in the business
According to the research, about 29% of enterprise lack of business ethic. It is really a tough problem.
12
PartⅡ
• CASE 2: Cigarette companies put ads on the market
• 2.The best way to handle ethical dilemmas is to avoid their occurrence in the first place.
• 3. Make ethics decisions in groups, and make decisions public, as appropriate.
• And the flawed milk might arose kidney stone(肾结石).

高级剑桥商务英语BEC口语常用词汇

千里之行，始于足下。

高级剑桥商务英语BEC口语常用词汇以下是一些高级剑桥商务英语（BEC）口语中常用的词汇：1. Negotiation - 谈判2. Contract - 合同3. Partnership - 合作伙伴关系4. Deadline - 截止日期5. Budget - 预算6. Investment - 投资7. Profit - 利润8. Loss - 亏损9. Competition - 竞争10. Market - 市场11. Strategy - 战略12. Target - 目标13. Customer - 客户14. Sales - 销售15. Marketing - 市场营销16. Product - 产品17. Service - 服务18. Partnership - 合作伙伴19. Team - 团队20. Leadership - 领导21. Communication - 沟通22. Presentation - 演示23. Negotiation - 谈判24. Decision - 决策第1页/共2页锲而不舍，金石可镂。

25. Risk - 风险26. Opportunity - 机会27. Innovation - 创新28. Efficiency - 效率29. Quality - 质量30. Customer satisfaction - 客户满意度这些词汇将有助于您在商务英语口语中表达和讨论各种商业概念和主题。

记住，在使用这些词汇时要尽量根据上下文把握其准确含义。