福建省厦门市第十一中学2019-2020学年度第一学期期中教学质量检测 九年级数学

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福建省厦门市2019-2020学年九年级上学期期中英语试卷精选汇编:短文填空专题(答案不全)

福建省厦门市2019-2020学年九年级上学期期中英语试卷精选汇编:短文填空专题(答案不全)

短文填空专题福建省厦门市第十一中学2019-2020学年九年级上学期期中英语试题短文填词阅读下面短文,根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个适当的词,要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。

Why do we use the phrase “杏林高手” (expert in the apricot grove) to describe a highly-skilled doctor. Here is a great story about it.It’s_____61_____(say) that the phrase was first used to describe Dong Feng, a talented doctor who lived during the Three Kingdoms period (220-280). Dong was so skillful that he couldbring_______62_______ (die) people back to life. In addition to his amazing skills, Dong also had a kind_____63_____[hɑːt]. He never asked for payment from his ____64____(patient). Instead, he asked them to plant apricot( 杏) trees in his orchard( 果园) ____65____ they recovered from their illness - five trees if they were seriously ill, or just one tree if the illness was mild(轻微的).As Dong saved more people’s lives, _____66_____ number of apricot trees in his orchard grew. Over time, it became a large and beautiful grove( 树林). Dong decided that people could come to the grove with grain and exchange it for___67___[freʃ] apricots. Very soon his barn( 谷仓) was filled_____68_____grain, which Dong then gave away to poor people.Dong’s story became ______69______(wide) known after he passed away. Doctors in later dynasties( 朝代) did the same things Dong did in order to show their___70___[rɪˈspekt] for him. Gradually, people started to use “expert in the apricot grove” to describe doctors who were talented and had strong morals(品行).【答案】61. said62. dead 63. heart64. patients65. after 66. a67. fresh 68. with69. widely 70. respect【解析】【分析】文章介绍了“杏林高手”这个词的来历。

2023-2024学年福建省厦门十一中九年级(上)期中数学试卷(含答案)

2023-2024学年福建省厦门十一中九年级(上)期中数学试卷(含答案)

2023-2024学年福建省厦门十一中九年级(上)期中数学试卷一、选择题(每小题4分,共40分.每小题有且只有一个选项正确)1.(4分)中国“二十四节气”已被列入联合国教科文组织人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录,下列四幅作品分别代表“立春”、“立夏”、“芒种”、“大雪”,其中不是轴对称图形的是()A.B.C.D.2.(4分)下列一元二次方程中,一次项系数为3的是()A.2x2+3x﹣1=0B.x2+3=0C.2x2﹣3x﹣1=0D.3x2+2x﹣1=03.(4分)抛物线y=2x2﹣8与y轴的交点坐标是()A.(0,﹣8)B.(﹣8,0)C.(2,0)D.(﹣2,0)4.(4分)已知⊙O的半径为5,点P在⊙O内,则OP的长可能是()A.7B.6C.5D.45.(4分)如图,△ABC是等边三角形,D为BC边上的点,∠BAD=15°,△ABD经旋转后到达△ACE的位置,那么旋转了()A.75°B.60°C.45°D.15°6.(4分)2022年卡塔尔世界杯足球赛正在进行,小组内比赛采用单循环制,即每支球队必须和其余球队比赛一场.现A组有x支球队参加,共比赛了28场,则下列方程中符合题意的是()A.x(x﹣1)=28B.C.D.x(x+1)=287.(4分)一个圆的内接正多边形中,一条边所对的圆心角为72°,则该正多边形的边数是()A.4B.5C.6D.78.(4分)如图,在△ABC中,AB=AC,∠BAC=36°,AD⊥BC于点D,点E是AC上点,连接BE,交AD于点F,若AE=BE,则下列说法正确的为()A.点F为△ABC的外心B.点F为△ABC的内心C.点E、B、C在以F为圆心的同一个圆上D.点E为AC中点9.(4分)“直播带货”已经成为一种热门的销售方式,某主播代销某一品牌的电子产品(这里代销指厂家先免费提供货源,待货物销售后再进行结算,未售出的由厂家负责处理).经调查发现每件售价99元时,日销售量为200件,当每件电子产品每下降1元时,日销售量会增加2件.已知每售出1件电子产品,该主播需支付厂家和其他费用共50元,设每件电子产品售价为x(元),主播每天的利润为w(元),则w与x之间的函数解析式为()A.w=(99﹣x)[200+2(x﹣50)]B.w=(x﹣50)[200+2(x﹣99)]C.w=(x﹣50)[200+2(99﹣x)]D.w=(x﹣50)[200﹣2(99﹣x)]10.(4分)已知点A(a,2),B(b,2),C(c,7)都在抛物线y=(x﹣1)2﹣2上,点A 在点B左侧,下列选项正确的是()A.若c<0,则a<c<b B.若c<0,则a<b<cC.若c>0,则a<c<b D.若c>0,则a<b<c二、填空题(本大题有6小题,每小题4分,共24分)11.(4分)点(﹣2,1)关于原点对称的点的坐标为.12.(4分)如图,OA是⊙O的半径,弦BC⊥OA于点D,连结OB.若⊙O的半径为5cm,BC的长为8cm,则OD的长是cm.13.(4分)如图,四边形ABCD为⊙O的内接四边形,∠A=70°,则∠DCE的度数为.14.(4分)若关于x的一元二次方程kx2﹣2x﹣1=0有两个不相等的实数根,则实数k的取值范围是.15.(4分)如图,在△ABC中,∠BAC=90°,AB=AC=10cm,点D为△ABC内一点,∠BAD=15°,AD=6cm,连接BD,将△ABD绕点A按逆时针方向旋转,使AB与AC 重合,点D的对应点为点E,连接DE,DE交AC于点F,则CF的长为cm.16.(4分)已知抛物线y=ax2+bx+c,对任意的自变量x都有ax2+bx≥4a+2b,若该抛物线过点A(4﹣m,y1),B(m+1,y2),且y1<y2,则m的取值范围是.三、解答题(本大题有9小题,共86分.解答应写出必要的文字说明、演算步骤或推理过程.)17.(10分)(1)解方程:x2+4x﹣2=0;(2)解不等式组:.18.(7分)如图,AC是⊙O的直径,B,D是⊙O上的两点,连结AB,BC,CD,BD,若∠A+∠D=80°,求∠ACB的度数.19.(7分)先化简,再求值:,其中.20.(8分)某市从2021年起连续投入资金用于“建设美丽城市,改造老旧小区”.已知每年投入资金的增长率相同,其中2021年投入资金1000万元,2023年投入资金1440万元.求该市改造老旧小区投入资金的年平均增长率.21.(8分)如图,已知△ABC.(1)在平面内将△ABC绕点C逆时针旋转60°得△DCE(点D对应点A)(要求尺规作图,不写作法,保留作图痕迹);(2)在(1)的条件下,若DC⊥BC,AC=AB,求证:直线BA经过点D.22.(10分)如图,已知⊙O的半径为2,AB是⊙O的直径,点P是AB延长线上一点.以PO为边作△OPC,使得PC=PO,OC=4,OC与⊙O的交点为D,连接AC,PD.(1)判断直线DP和⊙O位置关系;(2)若的长为,AC=AP,延长PD交AC于点E,求证:EA=EP.23.(10分)根据以下素材,探索完成任务.如何设计喷灌器喷水口的升降方案素材1随着自动化设备的普及,家庭庭院也引入自动喷灌系统.从喷水口喷出的水柱成抛物线形.如素材一的图是该喷灌器OA喷水时的截面示意图,喷水口A点离地高度为0.25m,喷出的水柱在离喷水口水平距离为2m处达到最高,高度为0.45m,且水柱刚好落在庭院围墙和地面的交界B点处.素材2若准备在庭院内沿围墙建花坛种植绣球花,花坛高0.4m,宽0.8m,侧面用大理石包围,长方形BCDE是花坛截面,如图.调整喷水口的高度,喷出的水柱形状与原来相同,水柱落在花坛的上方DE边上(大理石厚度不计),达到给花坛喷灌的效果.问题解决任务1确定喷灌器的位置求出喷灌器OA与围墙的距离.任务2拟定喷头升降方案调整喷水口的高度,使水柱可以喷灌花坛,求喷水口距离地面高度的最小值.24.(12分)已知抛物线y=x2﹣2mx﹣3(m为常数).(1)求抛物线的顶点坐标(用含m的代数式表示);(2)当m≥1时,求抛物线顶点到x轴的最小距离;(3)当m=0时,点A,B为该抛物线上的两点,顶点为D,直线AD的解析式为y1=k1x+b1,直线BD的解析式为y2=k2x+b2,若k1k2=﹣,求证:直线AB过定点.25.(14分)如图1,四边形ABCD为正方形,点E为AD上的定点,点F是射线BE上的动点,连接AF.将点F绕点A逆时针旋转90°得到点H,连接AH,过点F,H分别作AF和AH的垂线交于点G,射线DH与射线BE交于点P.(1)求证:四边形AFGH为正方形;(2)点F在运动过程中,判断点P的位置是否发生变化?并说明理由;(3)连接CG,PG,AP,探究线段AB,AP,CG,PG的数量关系,并证明.2023-2024学年福建省厦门十一中九年级(上)期中数学试卷参考答案一、选择题(每小题4分,共40分.每小题有且只有一个选项正确)1.C;2.A;3.A;4.D;5.B;6.B;7.B;8.B;9.C;10.D;二、填空题(本大题有6小题,每小题4分,共24分)11.(2,﹣1);12.3;13.70°;14.k>﹣1且k≠0;15.(10﹣2);16.m>;三、解答题(本大题有9小题,共86分.解答应写出必要的文字说明、演算步骤或推理过程.)17.(1)x1=﹣2+,x2=﹣2﹣;(2)﹣3≤x<1.;18.50°.;19.,.;20.20%.;21.;22.(1)直线DP和⊙O相切,理由见解析;(2)见解析.;23.任务1:5m;任务2:0.442m.;24.(1)(m,﹣m2﹣3);(2)抛物线顶点到x轴的最小距离为4;(3)直线AB过定点(0,﹣).; 25.(1)证明见解答过程;(2)点F在运动过程中,点P的位置不发生变化,理由见解答过程;(3)AP2+(CG+PG)2=2AB2,理由见解答过程.;。

2019-2020 年厦门市第十一中学九年级第一学期期中教学质量检测英语试卷word无答案版(不含听

2019-2020 年厦门市第十一中学九年级第一学期期中教学质量检测英语试卷word无答案版(不含听

2019-2020 学年厦门市第十一中学九年级第一学期期中教学质量检测英语(试卷满分:150 分;考试时间:120 分钟;命题人:;审核人:)本卷八大题,91 小题,试卷共 11 页。

本试卷分为两大部分,第一部分(1-65 小题)为选择题,考生将答案用 2B 铅笔填涂在答题卡上;第二部分为非选择题,请考生将答案用 0.5 毫米的黑色签字笔书写在答题卡上。

第一部分(选择题)I.听力测试(共三节,20 小题,每小题1.5 分,满分30 分)第一节. 听句子,听下面五个句子,从每小题所给的三幅图中选出与句子内容相符的选项。

每个句子读两遍。

第二节. 听对话,听下面七段对话,从每小题所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出正确答案。

每段对话读两遍。

听第一段对话,回答第 6 小题。

6.What date is it probably today?A.June 1.B. September 10.C. October 1.听第二段对话,回答第7 小题。

7.What does Lucy look like now?A.She has short curly hair.B. She has long straight hair.C. She has short straight hair.听第三段对话,回答第8 小题。

8.What is the model plane made of?A.Steel.B. Paper.C. Wood.听第四段对话,回答第9 小题。

9.Where does the woman want to go?A.To a library.B. To a bookstore.C. To a bank.听第五段对话,回答第10、11 小题。

10.What did Mr. Wilson want the man to do?A.Give a talk to the students.B. Stop making trouble.C. Improve all his subjects.11.What is the man most probably?A.An English teacher.B. A football player.C. A student.听第六段对话,回答第12、13 小题。

厦门十一中2019—2020学年九年级上数学期中考试

厦门十一中2019—2020学年九年级上数学期中考试

2019-2020学年厦门市第十一中学九年级第一学期期中教学质量检测数 学(试卷满分:150分;考试时间:120分钟)班级: 姓名: 考号: 温馨提醒:1.本卷共三大题,25小题,试卷共4页2.请认真审题,并在答题卡的相应区域内答题,在本卷中作答无效.一、选择题:(本大题共10小题,每小题4分,共40分 ) 1.下列图形中,属于中心对称图形的是A . 等边三角形B . 直角三角形C . 菱形D . 对角互补的四边形 2.用配方法解一元二次方程2210x x +-=,配方后得到的方程是A.2(1)2x += B.2(1)3x -=C.2(1)2x -= D.2(1)3x +=3.已知⊙O 的直径为6,点P 到圆心O 的距离为4,则点P 在A .⊙O 内B .⊙O 外C .⊙O 上D .无法确定4.已知关于x 的一元二次方程0122=-+x mx 有两个不相等的实数根,则m 的取值范围是 A .01≠->m m 且 B .01≠<m m 且 C .1-<m D .1>m5. 抛物线y =2(x -2)2+5向左平移3个单位长度,再向下平移2个单位长度,此时抛物线的对称轴是A . 2=xB .1-=xC .5=xD . 1=x6.如图1,已知□ABCD 的两条对角线AC 与BD 交于平面直角坐标系的原点,点A 的坐标为(-2,3),则点C 的坐标是A .(-3,2)B .(-2,-3)C .(3,-2)D .(2,-3) 7.如图2,点C 在︵AB 上,点D 在半径OA 上,则下列结论正确的是A . ∠DCB +12∠O =180° B .∠ACB +∠O =180°C .∠ACB +12∠O =180° D .∠CAO +∠CBO =确的是所示,则下列判断不正的部分对应值如表、的二次函数1.82y x c bx ax y ++=30.2有一个根是方程=++c bx ax D 2-,4.==y x C 时当1.=x B 对称轴是直线的增大而增大随时,当x y x A 0.<180°图2 表19.两年前生产1吨甲种药品的成本是5000元.随着生产技术的进步,成本逐年下降,第二年的年下降率是第1年的年下降率的2倍,现在生产1吨甲种药品成本是2400元.为求第一年的年下降率,假设第一年的年下降率为x ,则可列方程 A .24002-15000=-)(x xB .2400)1(50002=-xC .24002-5000=-x xD .2400)21(15000=--x x )(10.如图,⊙P 与x 轴交于点A (-5,0),B (1,0),与y 轴的正半轴交于点C ,若∠ACB=60°,则点C 的纵坐标为A.313+B.322+C.24D.222+二、填空题:(本大题共6小题,每小题4分,共24分.把答案填在答题卡的相应位置) 11.如果方程0622=-+kx x 的一个根是3-,则=k ____.12.如图1,在平面直角坐标系中,点A 、B 的坐标分别是A (3,0)、B (0,4),把线段AB 绕点A 旋转后得到图1线段AB′,使点B 的对应点B′落在x 轴上,则点B′的坐标是 .13.我国南宋数学家杨辉在1275年提出一个这样的问题:“直田积(矩形面积)八百六十四步(平方步),只云阔(宽)不及长一十二步(宽比长少一十二步),问阔及长各几步”。

2019-2020学年厦门市第十一中学高三英语期中试卷及参考答案

2019-2020学年厦门市第十一中学高三英语期中试卷及参考答案

2019-2020学年厦门市第十一中学高三英语期中试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWe are proud to present a showcase for kid inventions from children chosen from the Kid's Forum at Blue Print Earth. We hope you enjoy the ideas expressed here and join us in supporting the next generation.Eater of Natural DisastersMy invention cansave your home by sucking up all-natural disasters. The government will not own this machine, but by you so there will be no taxes on it. Order Now! The Eater of Natural Disasters will run on renewable batteries. It will cost 50 dollars to make and I will sell it for just $ 75.Created by Matthew Szekeresh —Mt.WashingtonElementary, 5th Grade.Pick-up-Pollution BombMy invention is called the Pick-up-Pollution Bomb. It will just pick up pollution and it won't hurt anything else like people, animals, property, playgrounds, and parks. The reason why I made it is that I think there is too much pollution on the Earth. It sells for $100 apiece, and if you buy this now, I will send you another one for free.Created gratefully by Lauren Newberry — Mt. Washington Elementary, 5th GradeFlying HouseMy invention is a home that will blast off in space. For example, if there were an earthquake people would immediately blast off, or if there were a flood it would take off. Only for $ 400.99.Created by David Turner —Mt.WashingtonElementary, 5th GradeBug RobotMy invention is a robot that catches little bugs, eats little bugs, sucks up pollution, sucks up natural disasters, and turns them into food solving the problems of too many little bugs, natural disasters, pollution and starvation. My product is worth $500. My invention works on 2 triple — A batteries. And if you order one today I'll throw in 4 rechargeable triple-A batteries.Created by Cassie Courtey —Mt.WashingtonElementary, 5th Grade1. Why is the Flying House created?A. To explore the space.B. To clean the air.C. To prepare people for earthquakes.D. To help people escape from natural disasters.2. Which invention can turn pollution into food?A. The Bug Robot.B. The Pick-up-Pollution Bomb.C. The Flying House.D. The Eater of Natural Disasters.3. What can we infer about the four inventions?A. They are very easy to build.B. They are ideas from kids in the same school.C. They are expensive but of practical use.D. They are being used by people.BEarthquake can disrupt whales’ hunting for food for up to a year,according to a new study.On November 14, 2016, the Kaikoura earthquake struck New Zealand’s South Island, causing a destructive tsunami. Under the surface, the earthquake caused strong currents that swept away and mostly killed off diverse ecosystems of creatures living along the Kaikoura underwater canyon.As a result, whales had to dive deeper and longer to find food—“a major shift” in their behavior, says co-author Liz Slooten, a marine biologist at the University of Otago in New Zealand.The impact earthquakes have on land animals has been well documented, but scientists know ly little about what happens underwater. Such research is important for government agencies, which may need to take recent earthquakes into consideration when considering fishing quotas(限额), notes Rochelle Constantine, a marine mammal ecologist at the University of Auckland.The canyon’s upper reaches are rich in creatures, supplying food for the fish that make up the whales’ diet. So when these smaller life forms were washed away, it had “severe consequences for the community around there”, says study co-author Will Rayment. “That effect flowed all the way through the food chain.”As part of their ongoing study, the scientists were tracking 42 individual whales. After the earthquake, in all, the team managed to record data on 40 whales, showing that the abundance of whales in the general area didn’t change after the earthquake. However, the whales changed how they used their habitat.A year after the earthquake, the researchers observed the whales returning to their previous surface-breathing intervals. This could have been because the communities of animals that make up the whales’ food began to recover. “It gives you an idea of how resilient(有复原力的)these deep-sea communities are,” says Rayment.But he and his colleagues will continue long-term monitoring to see if there are effects they missed. Whale activity in the area had already been declining, though it’s unknown whether it is due to natural changes in food abundance, whale-watching tourism, fishing, or warming ocean temperatures. “There is something going on inKaikoura,” says Rayment.4. What happened after the Kaikoura earthquake in the Kaikoura canyon?A. Several destructive tsunamis struck the area.B. Whales had to swim to other oceans to find food.C. Nearly all marine creatures in Kaikoura were killed off.D. Strong currents washed away many smaller creatures.5. Which is one of the findings of the study?A. Earthquakes can make it easier for whales to find food.B. The whales changed their habitat after the earthquake.C. It usually takes whales a year to adapt to their new diet.D. The number of whales in the area dropped sharply after the quake.6. What does Rochelle Constantine think of the study?A. It can help government agencies to make some decisions about fishing.B. It can help government agencies to solve problems in the fishing industry.C. It is a breakthrough in research on what happens underwater after an earthquake.D. It offers a detailed description of the impact earthquake have on marine mammals.7. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Something is affecting the whale activity in Kaikoura.B. Fishing quotas have been increasing in recent years.C. The team missed some effects in the research process.D. The scientists will continue studying earthquakes.CPreventing heart disease is a topic I think about all the time, given my family history of heart disease. So last summer, I travelled toBolivia.The natives, called the Tsimane, were reported to have the healthiest hearts in the world. I wanted to learn what they could teach me about preventing heart disease.Getting to the Tsimane wasn't easy. They lived in small family groups of about 60 people along river banks. We finally found one of the villages at sunset. That night, we set up our tents in the middle of the village. Thatched huts surrounded us, with no electricity or modem conveniences.At first, I thought they mainly got their calorics from meat. However, I found food such as rice and com made up nearly 70% of their diet. The food was not processed, lacking added sugars or salts.During my stay there, I went hunting and fishing with the men and played soccer with the kids. I found the Tsimane were standing or walking nearly all of their waking hours. Men spent lots of time tracking animals. Fanning and gathering, mostly done by children and women, were all-day affairs.I also got a clear idea of how they rested. As soon as the sun went down, people returned to their huts and went to sleep. And with the call of the cock in the morning, another day began.The lifespan of the Tsimane is actually much shorter than those living in theUS. Various factors, like animal attacks and infections, bring down the lifespan. But up until the day they die, they are often very healthy. While heart disease kills thousands of Americans every year and costs nearly a billion dollars a day, the Tsimane remind us that wealth doesn't necessarily buy health.8. Why does the author pay so much attention to preventing heart disease?A. He dreams of becoming a doctor.B. He wants to teach others about the topic.C. His family members encourage him to do so.D. He was born with a high risk of heart disease.9. Which factors did the author mainly focus on in his research?A. Housing, food and cooperation.B. Diet, activity and rest.C. Physical work, social life and lifespan.D. Group size, family history and consumption10. What was the Tsimane 's sleep-wake cycle mainly based on?A. Natural sound.B. Routine activity.C. Animal behaviour.D. Natural light.11. What might the author advise us to do after his travels inBolivia?A. Take in less sugar and salt.B. Stand less and walk more.C. Eat white meat instead of red meat.D. Live in the middle of the community.DOne day when I was 5, my mother criticized me for not finishing my rice and I got angry. I wanted to play outside and not to be made to finish eating my old rice. In my angry motion to open the screen door (纱门) with my foot, I kicked back about a 12-inch part of the lower left hand corner of the new screen door. But I had no regret, for I was happy to be playing in the backyard with my toys.Today, I know if my child had done what I did, I would have criticized my child, and told him about how expensive this new screen door was, and I would have delivered a spanking (打屁股) for it. But my parents neversaid a word. They left the corner of the screen door pushed out, creating an opening, a crack in the defense against unwanted insects.For years, every time I saw that corner of the screen, it would remind me of my mistake from time to time. For years, I knew that everyone in my family would see that hole and remember who did it. For years, every time I saw a fly buzzing in the kitchen, I would wonder if it came in through the hole that I had created with my angry foot. I would wonder if my family members were thinking the same thing, silently blaming me every time a flying insectentered our home, making life more terrible for us all. My parents taught me a valuable lesson, one that a spanking or stern (严厉的) words perhaps could not deliver. Their silent punishment for what I had done delivered a hundred stern messages to me. Aboveall, it has helped me become a more patient person and not burst out so easily.12. When the author damaged the door, his parents _______.A. scolded him for what he had doneB. left the door unrepairedC. told him how expensive it wasD. gave him a spanking13. How did the author feel every time he saw the damaged door?A. He felt ashamed of his uncontrolled anger at that time.B. He found that his family members no longer liked him.C. He found it destroyed the happy atmosphere at his home.D. He felt he had to work hard to make up for (弥补) the damage.14. The experience may cause the author _______.A. to hide his anger away from othersB. not to go against his parents’ willC. to have a better control of himselfD. not to make mistakes in the future15. What of the following is the main idea of this passage?A. Adults should ignore their children’s bad behavior.B. Parents shouldn’t educate their children.C. What is the best way to become a more patient person?D. Silent punishment may have a better effect on educating people.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

福建省厦门市第十一中学2024-2025学年九年级上学期期中质量检测数学试卷

福建省厦门市第十一中学2024-2025学年九年级上学期期中质量检测数学试卷

福建省厦门市第十一中学2024-2025学年九年级上学期期中质量检测数学试卷一、单选题1.如图所示图形中,既是轴对称图形又是中心对称图形的是()A .B .C .D .2.在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,点()1,4P -关于原点对称的点的坐标是()A .()1,4--B .()1,4-C .()1,4D .()1,4-3.抛物线22y x =-+的顶点坐标为()A .()0,2B .()0,2-C .()2,0-D .()2,04.如图,点A ,B ,C 均在O 上,80AOB ∠=︒,则ACB ∠的度数为()A .80︒B .60︒C .50︒D .40︒5.若关于x 的一元二次方程240x x c -+=有两个相等的实数根,则实数c 的值为()A .16-B .4-C .4D .166.如图,某汽车车门的底边长为1m ,车门侧开后的最大角度为72︒,若将一扇车门侧开,则这扇车门底边扫过区域的最大面积是()A .2m 10πB .2m 5πC .22m 5πD .24m 5π7.某校开展课外阅读活动,经过两年,2021级的学生人均阅读量从七年级的每年36万字增长到九年级时的每年49万字,设2021级的学生人均阅读量年平均增长率为x ,根据题意列出方程,正确的是()A .()236149x +=B .()362149x ⨯+=C .()361249x +=D .()()236136149x x +++=8.已知O 的半径是3cm ,点O 到同一平面内直线l 的距离为一元二次方程2340x x --=的根,则直线l 与O 的位置关系是()A .相交B .相切C .相离D .无法判断9.如图,二次函数21y ax bx =-的图象与正比例函数2y kx =的图象交于点()3,2A ,与x 轴交于点()2,0B ,若120y y <<,则x 的取值范围是()A .02x <<B .03x <<C .0x <或3x >D .23x <<10.如图,在平面直角坐标系中,有()1,0A -,()0,1B ,()3,2P -三点,若点C 是以点P 为圆心,1为半径的圆上一点,则ABC V 的面积最大值为()A .22+B .22-C .2D .2二、填空题11.二次函数2y 2(x 1)3=-+的图象的对称轴是直线.12.若O 的半径为2,M 为平面内一点,3OM =,则点M 在O .(填“上”、“内部”或“外部”)13.已知1x =是方程230x mx -+=的解,则m 的值为.14.我国东汉初年的数学典籍《周髀算经》中总结了对几何工具“矩”(即直角形状的曲尺,如图1所示)的使用之道,其中就有“环矩以为圆”的方法.我国许多数学家对该方法作了如下更具体的描述:如图2所示,在平面内固定两个钉子A ,B ,保持“矩”的两边始终紧靠两钉子的内侧,转动“矩”,则“矩”的顶点C 的运动路线将会是一个圆.依此描述,请用你学过的一个数学概念或定理解释“环矩以为圆”这种方法的道理:.15.如图,在ABC V 和ADE V 中,40AB AC BAC DAE =∠=∠=︒,,将ADE V 绕点A 顺时针旋转一定角度,当AD BC ∥时,BAE ∠的度数是.16.在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,()11,A x y ,()22,B x y ,()33,C x y 是二次函数241y x x =-+-图象上三点.若101x <<,24x >,则1y 2y (填“>”或“<”);若对于11m x m <<+,212m x m +<<+,323m x m +<<+,存在132y y y <<,则m 的取值范围是.三、解答题17.解方程:2430x x -+=.18.如图,AB 是O 的直径,CD 是O 的弦,CD AB ⊥于点E ,点F 在O 上且CF CA =,连接AF .求证:AF CD =;19.先化简、再求值:2221111a a a -⎛⎫÷- ⎪-+⎝⎭,其中a =20.习近平总书记说:“读书可以让人保持思想活力,让人得到智慧启发,让人滋养浩然之气.”学校为响应我市全民阅读活动,利用节假日面向社会开放学校图书馆.据统计,第一个月进馆200人次,进馆人次逐月增加,到第三个月来进馆288人次.若进馆人次的月平均增长率相同,求进馆人次的月平均增长率.21.按照下列要求作出图形(不写作法,保留作图痕迹).(1)尺规作图:将图1中的破轮子复原(2)如图2,矩形ABCD 的顶点A 在圆上,顶点B ,C ,D 在圆内,请仅用无刻度的直尺画出图2中的圆心O .22.如图,以点O 为圆心,AB 长为直径作圆,在O 上取一点C ,延长AB 至点D ,连接DC ,DCB DAC ∠=∠,过点A 作AE AD ⊥交DC 的延长线于点E .(1)求证:CD 是O 的切线;(2)若42CD DB ==,,求AE 的长.23.如图,已知二次函数2y x bx c =++的图象与x 轴交于,A B 两点,与y 轴交于点C ,其中()()2,0,0,2A C --.(1)求二次函数的表达式;(2)若P 是二次函数图象上的一点,且点P 在第二象限,线段PC 交x 轴于点,D PDB △的面积是CDB △的面积的2倍,求点P 的坐标.24.在ABC V 中,AB AC =,120BAC ∠=︒,D 为BC 上一点,连接DA ,将线段DA 绕点D 顺时针旋转60︒得到线段DE .(1)如图1,当点D 与点B 重合时,连接AE ,交BC 于点H ,求证:AE BC ⊥;(2)当BD CD ≠时(图2中BD CD <,图3中BD CD >),F 为线段AC 的中点,连接EF .在图2,图3中任选一种情况,完成下列问题:①依题意,补全图形.②猜想AFE ∠的大小,并证明.25.【问题提出】在绿化公园时,需要安装一定数量的自动喷洒装置,定时喷水养护,某公司准备在一块边长为18m 的正方形草坪(如图1)中安装自动喷洒装置,为了既节约安装成本,又尽可能提高喷洒覆盖率,需要设计合适的安装方案.说明:一个自动喷洒装置的喷洒范围是半径为()m r 的圆面.喷洒覆盖率k sρ=,s 为待喷洒区域面积,k 为待喷洒区域中的实际喷洒面积.【数学建模】这个问题可以转化为用圆面覆盖正方形面积的数学问题.【探索发现】(1)如图2,在该草坪中心位置设计安装1个喷洒半径为9m 的自动喷洒装置,该方案的喷洒覆盖率ρ=______.(2)如图3,在该草坪内设计安装4个喷洒半径均为9m 2的自动喷洒装置;如图4,设计安装9个喷洒半径均为3m 的自动喷洒装置;⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅,以此类推,如图5,设计安装2n 个喷洒半径均为9m n 的自动喷洒装置.与(1)中的方案相比,采用这种增加装置个数且减小喷洒半径的方案,能否提高喷洒覆盖率?请判断并给出理由.(3)如图6所示,该公司设计了用4个相同的自动喷洒装置喷洒的方案,且使得该草坪的喷洒覆盖率1ρ=.已知正方形ABCD 各边上依次取点F ,G ,H ,E ,使得AE BF CG DH ===,设()m AE x =,1O 的面积为()2my ,求y 关于x 的函数表达式,并求当y 取得最小值时r 的值.【问题解决】(4)该公司现有喷洒半径为的自动喷洒装置若干个,至少安装几个这样的喷洒装置可使该草坪的喷洒覆盖率1ρ=?(直接写出结果即可)。

2019-2020学年(上)厦门市初三年质量检测及答案

2019-2020学年(上)厦门市初三年质量检测及答案

2019-2020学年(上)厦门市初三年质量检测学年(上)厦门市初三年质量检测注意事项:1.全卷三大题,25小题,试卷共5页,另有答题卡.2. 答案必须写在答题卡上,否则不能得分.3. 可以直接使用2B 铅笔作图.一、选择题(本大题有10小题,每小题4分,共40分.每小题都有四个选项,其中有且只有一个选项正确)有一个选项正确)1. 用求根公式计算方程0232=+-x x 的根,公式中b 的值为的值为A.3B.-3C.2D.23- 2. 方程()012=-x 的根是的根是A. 121==x x B.0,121==x x C.0,121=-=x x D.1,121-==x x3.如图1,四边形ABCD 的顶点A ,B ,C 在圆上,且边CD 与该圆交于点E ,AC ,BE 交于点F .下列角中,弧AE 所对的圆周角是所对的圆周角是A.∠ADEB.∠AFEC.∠ABED.∠ABC 4.下列事件中,是随机事件的是下列事件中,是随机事件的是 A.画一个三角形,其内角和是180°B.在只装了红色卡片的袋子里,摸出一张白色卡片在只装了红色卡片的袋子里,摸出一张白色卡片C.投掷一枚正六面体骰子,朝上一面的点数小于7D.在一副扑克牌中抽出一张,抽出的牌是黑桃65.图2中的两个梯形成中心对称,点p 的对称点是的对称点是 A.点A B.点B C.点CD.点D 6.抛物线1C 向右平移4个单位长度后与抛物线2C 重合,若(-1,3)在抛物线1C 上,则下列点中,一定在抛物线2C 上的是上的是A. (3,3)B.(3,-1)C.(-1,7)D.(-5,3) 7. 如图3,将命题“在同圆中,相等的圆心角所对的弧相等,所对的弦也相等”改写成“已知……求证……”的形式,下列正确的是的弦也相等”改写成“已知……求证……”的形式,下列正确的是A.已知:在⊙O 中,∠AOB=∠COD ,弧AB=弧CD.求证:AB=CDB.已知:在⊙O 中,∠AOB=∠COD ,弧AB=弧BC.求证:AD=BCC.已知:在⊙O 中,∠AOB=∠COD.求证:弧AD=弧BC ,AD=BC D.已知:在⊙O 中,∠AOB=∠COD.求证:弧AB=弧CD ,AB=CD8.一个不透明的盒子里只装有白色和红色两种颜色的球,这些球除颜色外没有其他不同。

2019-2020学年厦门市第十一中学高三英语期中考试试题及答案

2019-2020学年厦门市第十一中学高三英语期中考试试题及答案

2019-2020学年厦门市第十一中学高三英语期中考试试题及答案第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ALocated in the beautiful Sichuan Basin, Chongqing is a magical 8D city. The natural history and cultural scenery of the area provide children with learning opportunities because they can enjoy the many wonders of this area.Fengjie Tiankeng Ground JointTiankeng Diqiao Scenic Area is located in the southern mountainous area of Fengjie County. The Tiankeng pit is 666 meters deep and is currently the deepest tiankeng in the world. The scenic spot is divided into ten areas including Xiaozhai Tiankeng, Tianjingxia Ground, Labyrinth River, and Longqiao River. There are many and weird karst cave shafts, and countless legends haunt them.Youyang Peach GardenYouyang Taohuayuan Scenic Area is a national forest park, a national 5A-level scenic spot, and a national outdoor sports training base. Located in the hinterland of Wuling Mountain. The Fuxi Cave in the scenic spot is about 3,000 meters long, with winding corridors, deep underground rivers, and color1 ful stalactites. The landscape is beautiful.Jinyun Mountain National Nature ReserveJinyun Mountain is located in Beibei District of Chongqing City, about 45 kilometers away from the Central District of Chongqing City. The nine peaks of Jinyun Mountain stand upright and rise from the ground. The ancient trees on the mountain are towering, the green bamboos form the forest, the environment is quiet, and the scenery is beautiful, so it is called "Little Emei". Among them, Yujian Peak is the highest, 1050 meters above sea level; Lion Peak is the most precipitous and spectacular, and the other peaks are also unique.Chongqing People's SquareChongqing's Great Hall of the People, one of the landmarks of Chongqing, gives people the deepest impression than its magnificent appearance resembling the Temple of Heaven. It also uses the traditional method of central axis symmetry, with colonnade-style double wings and a tower ending, plus a large green glazed roof, large red pillars, white railings, double-eave bucket arches, and painted carved beams.1.How deep is the Tiankeng Ground Joint?A.666mB.3,000mC.45kmD.1050m2.Which of the following rocks can you see in Youyang Peach Garden?A.LimestoneB.StalactiteC.MarbleD.Quartzite3.Which attraction is closest to downtown Chongqing?A.Fengjie Tiankeng Ground JointB.Jinyun Mountain National Nature ReserveC.Chongqing People's SquareD.Youyang Peach GardenBIn 2002, young Elon Musk tried unsuccessfully to buy Russian rockets to help him send mice to Mars and back. Afterwards, the youngmillionaire decided to build his own rockets.Musk went to Southern California and started hiring people to help bring his dream to life. In a very short time, and despite some failures, his company SpaceX launched Falcon 1, the first successful privately-built liquid fuel rocket, into Earth's orbit in 2008.As the first Falcon rocket began testing, development was already underway for the Falcon 9. This much larger rocket, which uses nine engines to lift heavy payloads(有效载荷)into orbit, is engineered to return to Earth, ready to be reused for another flight.For Musk, space is the final destination. To help people get there, his company Neuralink is developing devices that will link people's brains with computers. A similar device has been developed at the University of Utah. It consists of a chip(芯片)with 256 threads(线程)that is placed between a person's skin and brain. The threads attach directly to brain tissue(脑组织).Patients who have the device are able to use only their minds to communicate with one another through computers.Neuralink's chips will have about 1,000 threads. A robot developed by the company will place up to ten chips under a person's skin. The chips will communicate without wires but with a tiny device that will be worn behind the person's ear. That device, in turn, will communicate with computers. The primary market for the technology will be for people that, because of injuries or birth defects, cannot control their hands and arms. With Neuralink^ product, they'll be able to mentally command a computer to type messages for them or carry out other tasks.4. According to this article, what was the first Falcon 1 able to do?A. Launch big satellites.B. Reach distant moons.C. Move around our planet.D. Study the universe.5. What does the article explain about Neuralink's chips?A. How they'll be set up.B. What safety features they'll have.C. How much money they'll earn.D. Where they'll be produced.6. According to this article, who is Neuralink going to market its product to first?A. Those who own great wealth.B. Those who are physically disabled.C. Those who travel internationally.D. Those who do research on plants.7. In which publication is this article most likely to appear?A. The Journal of Environmental Studies.B. Advances in Business and Technology.C. Digest of Fashion and Entertainment News,D. Consumer's Guide to Outdoor Recreation.CTo show empathy is to identify with another’s feelings. It is to emotionally put yourself in the place of another. The ability to empathize is directly dependent on your ability to feel your own feelings and identify them.If you have never felt a certain feeling, it will be hard for you to understand how another person is feeling. If you have never put your hand in a flame, you will not know the pain of fire. If you have not experienced jealousy, you will not understand its power.Readingabout a feeling and intellectually knowing about it is very different than actually experiencing it for yourself.Among those with an equal level of emotional intelligence, the person who has actually experienced the widest range and variety of feelings — the great depths of depression and the heights of fulfillment, for example, — is the one who is most able to empathize. On the other hand, when we say that someone “can’t relate” to other people, it is likely because they haven’t experienced, acknowledged or accepted many feelings of their own.Once you have felt discriminated against, for example, it is much easier to relate with someone else who has been discriminated against. Our innate emotional intelligence gives us the ability to quickly recall those instances and form associations when we encounter discrimination again. We then can use the “reliving” of those emotions to guide our thinking and actions. This is one of the ways nature slowly evolves towards a higher level of survival.For this process to work, the first step is that we must be able to experience our own emotions. This means we must be open to them and not distract ourselves from them or try to numb ourselves from our feelingsthrough drugs, alcohol, etc.Next, we need to become aware of what we are actually feeling — to acknowledge, identify, and accept our feelings. Only then can we empathize with others. That is one reason why it is important to work on your own emotional awareness and sensitivity — in other words, to be “in touch with” your feelings.8. How does the author explain the feelings of empathy?A. By giving examples.B. By having classification.C. By making comparison.D. By providing data.9. Which statement may the author agree with?A. Low level of empathy leads to fewer varieties of feelings.B. The deeper one’s feelings are, the more empathetic one is.C. Empathy is a way we recently picked up for better survival.D. Rich experiences may not go with a high level of empathy.10. What’s the purpose of the last two paragraphs of the text?A. To advise a sincere attitude to one’s experiences.B To suggest a right understanding of empathy.C. To require a realbond with one’s emotions.D. To call for true acceptance of one’s feelings.11. What is the best title for the text?A. How Empathy UnfoldsB. Be Open to Your EmotionsC. Why Is Empathy ImportantD. Accept Your True SelfDWhat will people die of 100 years from now? If you think that is a simple question,you have not been paying attention to the revolution that is taking place in bio-­technology(生物技术). With the help of new medicine,the human body will last a very long time. Death will come mainly from accidents,murder and war. Today’s leading killers,such as heart disease,cancer,and aging itself,will become distant memories.In discussion of technological changes,the Internet gets most of the attention these days. But the change in medicine can be the real technological event of our times. How long can humans live? Human brains were known to decide the final death. Cells(细胞)are the basic units of all living things,and until recently,scientists were sure that the life of cells could not go much beyond 120 years because the basic materials of cells,such as those of brain cells,would not last forever. But the upper limits will be broken by new medicine. Sometime between 2050and 2100,medicine will have advanced to the point at which every 10 years or so,people will beable to take medicine to repair their organs(器官). The medicine,made up of the basic building materials of life,will build new brain cells,heart cells,and so on-in much the same way our bodies make new skin cells to take the place of old ones.It is exciting to imagine that the advance in technology may be changing the most basic condition of human existence,but many technical problems still must be cleared up on the way to this wonderful future.12. According to the passage,human death is now mainly caused by ________.A. diseases and agingB. accidents and warC. accidents and agingD. heart disease and war13. In the author’s opinion,today’s most important advance in technology lies in(在于)________.A. the InternetB. medicineC. brain cellsD. human organs14. Humans may live longer in the future because ________.A. heart disease will be far away from usB. human brains can decide the final deathC. the basic materials of cells will last foreverD. human organs can be repaired by new medicine15. How long can humans live in the future according to the passage?A. Over 100 years.B. More than 120 years.C. About 150 years.D. The passage doesn’t tell us.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

福建省厦门十一中2019-2020学年九年级上学期期中数学试卷 (含答案解析)

福建省厦门十一中2019-2020学年九年级上学期期中数学试卷 (含答案解析)

福建省厦门十一中2019-2020学年九年级上学期期中数学试卷一、选择题(本大题共10小题,共40.0分)1. 下列图形中,是中心对称图形的是( )A. B. C. D.2. 用配方法解方程x 2+3x +1=0,经过配方,得到( )A. (x +32)2=134B. (x +32)2=54C. (x +3)2=10D. (x +3)2=83. 若⊙O 的直径为20 cm ,有一点A(点A 与圆心O 不重合)在⊙O 内,则线段OA 长的取值范围是( )A. OA >20 cmB. OA >10 cmC. 0 cm <OA <20 cmD. 0 cm <OA <10 cm4. 已知关于x 的一元二次方程(k +1)x 2+2x −1=0有实数根,则k 的取值范围是( )A. k ≥−2B. k ≥−2且k ≠−1C. k ≥2D. k ≤−25. 将二次函数y =−2(x −2)2−3的图象先向左平移2个单位,再向上平移2个单位后顶点坐标为( )A. (4,−1)B. (−4,−1)C. (0,−1)D. (0,1)6. 在▱ABCD 中,对角线AC ,BD 相交于点O ,以点O 为坐标原点建立平面直角坐标系,其中A(a,b),B(a −1,b +2),C(3,1),则点D 的坐标是( )A. (4,−1)B. (−3,−1)C. (2,3)D. (−4,1)7. 如图,OA 、OB 是⊙O 的半径,点C 在⊙O 上,连接AC 、BC ,若∠A =20°,∠B =70°,则∠ACB 的度数为( )A. 50°B. 55°C. 60°D. 65°8. 在二次函数y =ax 2+bx +c 中,x 与y 的部分对应值如下表所示:x… −1 0 1 3 … y … −3 1 3 1 …则下列说法:①图象开口向下;②图象的顶点坐标为(1,3);③当x=4时,y的值为−3;④−1是方程ax2+bx+c+3=0的一个根.其中正确的个数是()A. 1个B. 2个C. 3个D. 4个9.据统计,某省2015年的贫困人口约382万,截止2017年底,全省贫困人口约190万,设这两年全省贫困人口的年平均下降率为x,则下列方程正确的是()A. 382(1−2x)=190B. 382x2=190C. 382(1−x)2=190D. 382(1−x)+382(1−x)2=19010.如图,⊙C过原点,与x轴、y轴分别交于A、D两点.已知∠OBA=30∘,点D的坐标为(0,2),则⊙C半径是()A. 2√33B. 4√33C. 4√3D. 2二、填空题(本大题共6小题,共24.0分)11.已知关于x的方程x2+x+2a−1=0的一个根是0,则a=______.12.如图,点A在x轴的负半轴上,点B在y轴的正半轴上,∠BAO=30°,将△ABO绕点A逆时针旋转得到△ACD,点O的对应点D刚好落在AB上,直线CB交x轴于点E,已知点E(3√3,0),则点C的坐标是______.13.用一根长为24cm的铁丝围成一个长方形,长比宽多2cm,这个长方形的长和宽分别是多少?如果设这个长方形的宽为xcm,则可列方程________.14.如图,A(0,4),B(1,0)将线段AB绕点A逆时针方向旋转90°,点B的对应点C的坐标为______.15.如图,抛物线y=ax2+bx+c与x轴交于点A(−1,0),顶点坐标(1,n),与y轴的交点在(0,2),(0,3)之间(包含端点),则下列结论:①3a+b>0;②−1≤a≤−2;3③对于任意实数m,a+b≥am2+bm总成立;④关于x的方程ax2+bx+c=n−1有两个不相等的实数根.其中正确结论为______.(只填序号)16.如图,AB是⊙O的直径,且经过弦CD的中点H,过CD延长线上一点E作⊙O的切线,切点为F.若∠ACF=65°,则∠E=______.三、解答题(本大题共9小题,共86.0分)17.解方程:(1)x2+4x+2=0(2)x(x−3)=−x+3.18.已知二次函数y=(x−1)2+n,当x=2时,y=2.求该二次函数的解析式,并在平面直角坐标系中画出该函数的图象.19.△ABC在平面直角坐标系中的位置如图所示,A、B、C三点在格点上,作出△ABC关于原点O对称的△A1B1C1,并写出点C1的坐标.20.如图,在△ABC中,AB=AC,以AC为直径的⊙O交AB于点D,交BC于点E.(1)求证:BE=CE;(2)若∠B=70°,求DE⏜的度数;(3)若BD=2,BE=3,求AC的长.21.大润发超市在销售某种进货价为20元/件的商品时,以30元/件售出,每天能售出100件.调查表明:这种商品的售价每上涨1元/件,其销售量就将减少2件.(1)为了实现每天1600元的销售利润,超市应将这种商品的售价定为多少?(2)设每件商品的售价为x元,超市所获利润为y元.①求y与x之间的函数关系式;②物价局规定该商品的售价不能超过40元/件,超市为了获得最大的利润,应将该商品售价定为多少?最大利润是多少?22.如图,四边形ABCD内接于⊙O,点E在对角线AC上,∠1=∠2,EC=BC.(1)若∠CBD=39°,求∠CAD的度数;(2)求证:BC=CD.23.关于x的方程x2−(2k+1)x+k2=0.(1)如果方程有实数根,求k的取值范围;(2)设x1、x2是方程的两根,且x12+x22=6+x1x2,求k的值.24.在正方形ABCD中,AB=8,AC与BD相交于点O.(1)如图,作射线OM与边BC相交于点E,将射线OM绕点O顺时针旋转90°,得到射线ON,射线ON与边AB相交于点F,连接EF交BO于点G.①直接写出四边形OEBF的面积是____;②求证:△OEF是等腰直角三角形;③若OG=25√2,求OE的长;8(2)点P在射线CA上一点,若BP=2√26,射线PM与直线BC相交于点E,当CE=2时,将射线PM绕点P顺时针旋转45°,得到射线PN,射线PN与直线BC相交于点F,请直接写出BF 的长____.25.如图,对称轴为x=1的抛物线经过A(−1,0),B(2,−3)两点.(1)求抛物线的解析式;(2)P是抛物线上的动点,连接PO交直线AB于点Q,当Q是OP中点时,求点P的坐标;(3)C在直线AB上,D在抛物线上,E在坐标平面内,以B,C,D,E为顶点的四边形为正方形,直接写出点E的坐标.-------- 答案与解析 --------1.答案:B解析:解:A 、不是中心对称图形,故此选项错误;B 、是中心对称图形,故此选项正确;C 、不是中心对称图形,故此选项错误;D 、不是中心对称图形,故此选项错误.故选:B .根据中心对称图形的概念求解.此题主要考查了中心对称图形的概念.注意中心对称图形是要寻找对称中心,旋转180度后两部分重合.2.答案:B解析:解:∵x 2+3x +1=0,∴x 2+3x =−1,∴x 2+3x +(32)2=−1+(32)2,即(x +32)2=54, 故选:B .先把常数项1移项后,再在方程的左右两边同时加上一次项系数−2的一半的平方.此题考查了配方法解一元二次方程,解题时要注意解题步骤的准确使用.选择用配方法解一元二次方程时,最好使方程的二次项的系数为1,一次项的系数是2的倍数. 3.答案:D解析:本题考查了点与圆的位置关系,判断点与圆的位置关系,也就是比较点与圆心的距离和半径的大小关系.要确定点与圆的位置关系,主要确定点与圆心的距离与半径的大小关系,设点与圆心的距离d ,则d >r 时,点在圆外;当d =r 时,点在圆上;当d <r 时,点在圆内.解:∵⊙O 的直径为20cm ,∴⊙O的半径为10cm,∵点A在⊙O内,∴线段OA的取值范围是0cm<OA<10cm.故选D.4.答案:B解析:本题考查了根的判别式:一元二次方程ax2+bx+c=0(a≠0)的根与△=b2−4ac有如下关系:当△>0时,方程有两个不相等的实数根;当△=0时,方程有两个相等的实数根;当△<0时,方程无实数根,利用一元二次方程的定义和根的判别式的意义得到k+1≠0且△=22−4×(k+1)×(−1)≥0,然后求出两个不等式的公共部分即可.解:根据题意得k+1≠0且△=22−4×(k+1)×(−1)≥0,解得k≥−2且k≠−1.故选:B.5.答案:C解析:本题考查了二次函数图象与几何变换:由于抛物线平移后的形状不变,故a不变,所以求平移后的抛物线解析式通常可利用两种方法:一是求出原抛物线上任意两点平移后的坐标,利用待定系数法求出解析式;二是只考虑平移后的顶点坐标,即可求出解析式.利用二次函数的性质得到二次函数y=−2(x−2)2−3的图象的顶点坐标为(2,−3),然后利用点平移的坐标规律求解.解:二次函数y=−2(x−2)2−3的图象的顶点坐标为(2,−3),先向左平移2个单位,再向上平移2个单位后顶点坐标为(0,−1).故选:C.6.答案:A解析:本题考查的是平行四边形的性质,中心对称坐标变换有关知识,根据题意可知A,C关于原点对称,B,D关于原点对称,则求出a,b,然后再求出点D即可.解:由题意可得:A,C关于原点对称,B,D关于原点对称,∵A(a,b),B(a−1,b+2),C(3,1),∴a=−3,b=−1,∴点B坐标为(−4,1)∴点D坐标为(4,−1).故选A.7.答案:A解析:本题考查了圆周角定理,找到图中的圆心角和圆周角是解题的关键,根据圆周角定理得到∠O=2∠ACB,由三角形的内角和得到∠A+∠O=∠ACB+∠B,代入数据即可得到结论.解:∵∠O=2∠ACB,∵∠A+∠O=∠ACB+∠B,∴∠ACB=∠B−∠A=50°.故选A.8.答案:C解析:本题考查了抛物线与x轴的交点:把求二次函数y=ax2+bx+c(a,b,c是常数,a≠0)与x轴的交点坐标问题转化为解关于x的一元二次方程.也考查了二次函数的性质.先利用待定系数法求出抛物线的解析式得到y=−x2+3x+1,则可对①进行判断;把解析式配成顶点式可对②进行判断;计算自变量为4的函数值可对③进行判断;根据x=−1时,y=−3,即ax2+bx+c=−3可对④进行判断.解:∵抛物线经过点(0,1),(−1,−3),(1,3),∴{a+b+c=3a−b+c=−3 c=1,解得{a=−1b=3c=1,∴抛物线的解析式为y=−x2+3x+1,∵a=−1<0,∴抛物线开口向下,所以①正确;∵y=−(x−1.5)2+134,∴抛物线的顶点坐标为(32,134),所以②错误;当x=4时,y=−x2+3x+1=−16+12+1=−3,所以③正确;∵x=−1时,ax2+bx+c=−3,∴−1是方程ax2+bx+c+3=0的一个根,所以④正确.故选:C9.答案:C解析:解:设这两年全省贫困人口的年平均下降率为x,根据题意得:382(1−x)2=190,故选:C.等量关系为:2015年贫困人口×(1−下降率)2=2017年贫困人口,把相关数值代入计算即可.本题考查由实际问题抽象出一元二次方程,得到2年内变化情况的等量关系是解决本题的关键.10.答案:A解析:本题主要是运用了圆周角定理的推论、解直角三角形的知识,连接AD,根据90°的圆周角所对的弦是直径,得AD是直径,根据等弧所对的圆周角相等,得∠D=∠B=30°,运用解直角三角形的知识即可求解.解:连接AD,∵∠AOD=90°,∴AD是圆的直径.在直角三角形AOD中,∠D=∠B=30°,OD=2,∴AD=ODcos30∘=43√3.则圆的半径是23√3.故选A.11.答案:12解析:解:根据题意得:0+0+2a−1=0,解得a=12.故答案为:12.方程的解就是能使方程左右两边相等的未知数的值,把x=0代入方程,即可得到一个关于a的方程,即可求得a的值.本题考查了一元二次方程的解,一元二次方程的根一定满足该方程的解析式.12.答案:(3√3−9,9)解析:解:如图,作CH⊥AE于H.∵∠AOB=90°,∠BAO=30°,∴∠ABO=60°,∵AC=AB,∠DAC=∠OAB=30°,∴∠ABC=∠ACB=75°,∴∠OBE=180°−60°−75°=45°,∵∠BOE=90°,∴∠OBE=∠OEB=45°,∵E(3√3,0),∴OB=OE=3√3,∴AB=AC=2OB=6√3,OA=√3OB=9,∴AH=12AC=3√3,CH=√3AH=9,∴OH=9−3√3,∴C(3√3−9,9).故答案为(3√3−9,9).如图,作CH⊥AE于H.首先证明OB=OE=3√3,解直角三角形求出CH,AH,OA即可解决问题.本题考查坐标与图形的变化,解直角三角形,等腰三角形的判定和性质等知识,解题的关键是熟练掌握基本知识,属于中考常考题型.13.答案:x+x+2=12解析:解:设这个长方形的宽为xcm,则长为(x+2)cm,可列方程:x+x+2=12.故答案为:x+x+2=12.根据题意表示出长方形的长,进而利用矩形周长公式求出即可.此题主要考查了由实际问题抽象出一元一次方程,利用矩形周长公式得出是解题关键.14.答案:(4,5)解析:解:过C作CD⊥y轴于D,由旋转得:AB=AC,∠BAC=90°,∴∠CAD+∠BAO=90°,∵∠AOB=90°,∴∠BAO+∠ABO=90°,∴∠CAD=∠ABO,在△CDA和△AOB中,{∠CAD=∠ABO∠ADC=∠BOA=90°AC=AB,∴△CDA≌△AOB(AAS),∴AO=CD=4,OB=AD=1,∴OD=4+1=5,∴C(4,5),故答案为:(4,5).根据点A、B的坐标求出OA、AB的长度,过C作CD⊥y轴于D,然后证明△CDA≌△AOB,根据全等三角形对应边相等可得AO=CD=4,OB=AD=1,根据点C在第一象限写出点C的坐标即可.本题考查了坐标与图形的变化−旋转,根据旋转变换的性质求出两三角形全等是解题的关键,作出图形更形象直观.15.答案:②③④解析:本题考查了二次函数图象与系数的关系:二次项系数a决定抛物线的开口方向和大小.当a>0时,抛物线向上开口;当a<0时,抛物线向下开口;一次项系数b和二次项系数a共同决定对称轴的位置:当a与b同号时,对称轴在y轴左侧;当a与b异号时,对称轴在y轴右侧.常数项c决定抛物线与y轴交点:抛物线与y轴交于(0,c).抛物线与x轴交点个数由判别式确定:△=b2−4ac>0时,抛物线与x轴有2个交点;△=b2−4ac=0时,抛物线与x轴有1个交点;△=b2−4ac<0时,抛物线与x轴没有交点.利用抛物线开口方向得到a<0,再由抛物线的对称轴方程得到b=−2a,则3a+b=a,于是可对①进行判断;利用2≤c≤3和c=−3a可对②进行判断;利用二次函数的性质可对③进行判断;根据抛物线y=ax2+bx+c与直线y=n−1有两个交点可对④进行判断.解:∵抛物线开口向下,∴a<0,=1,即b=−2a,而抛物线的对称轴为直线x=−b2a∴3a+b=3a−2a=a<0,所以①错误;把点A(−1,0)带入解析式可得a−b+c=0,所以c=−3a,∵2≤c≤3,∴2≤−3a≤3,∴−1≤a≤−2,所以②正确;3∵抛物线的顶点坐标(1,n),∴x=1时,二次函数值有最大值n=a+b+c,∴a+b+c≥am2+bm+c,即a+b≥am2+bm,所以③正确;∵抛物线的顶点坐标(1,n),∴抛物线y=ax2+bx+c与直线y=n−1有两个交点,∴关于x的方程ax2+bx+c=n−1有两个不相等的实数根,所以④正确.故答案为②③④.16.答案:50°解析:解:连接DF,连接AF交CE于G,∵AB是⊙O的直径,且经过弦CD的中点H,∴AC⏜=AD⏜,∵EF是⊙O的切线,∴∠GFE=∠GFD+∠DFE=∠ACF=65°,∵∠FGD=∠FCD+∠CFA,∵∠DFE=∠DCF,∠GFD=∠AFC,∠EFG=∠EGF=65°,∴∠E=180°−∠EFG−∠EGF=50°,故答案为:50°.方法二:连接OF,易知OF⊥EF,OH⊥EH,又∠AOF=2∠ACF=130°,故∠E=180°−130°=50°连接DF,连接AF交CE于G,由AB是⊙O的直径,且经过弦CD的中点H,得到AC⏜=AD⏜,由于EF是⊙O的切线,推出∠GFE=∠GFD+∠DFE=∠ACF=65°根据外角的性质和圆周角定理得到∠EFG=∠EGF=65°,于是得到结果.本题考查了切线的性质,圆周角定理,垂径定理,正确的作出辅助线是解题的关键.17.答案:解:(1)∵x2+4x+2=0∴x2+4x=−2x2+4x+4=2(x−2)2=2x−2=±√2x=2+√2或x=2−√2.(2)∵x(x−3)=−x+3∴x(x−3)+x−3=0(x−3)(x+1)=0解得:x=−1或x=3.解析:(1)配方法求解可得;(2)因式分解法求解可得.本题主要考查解一元二次方程的能力,熟练掌握解一元二次方程的几种常用方法:直接开平方法、因式分解法、公式法、配方法,结合方程的特点选择合适、简便的方法是解题的关键.18.答案:解:∵二次函数y=(x−1)2+n,当x=2时,y=2,∴2=(2−1)2+n,解得n=1,∴该二次函数的解析式为y=(x−1)2+1.列表得:如图:解析:本题考查了待定系数法求二次函数解析式,二次函数的图象与性质,二次函数图象上点的坐标特征,正确求出函数解析式是解题的关键.将(2,2)代入y=(x−1)2+n求得n的值即可,再由函数解析式画出函数图象.19.答案:解:如图所示:△A1B1C1,即为所求,点C1的坐标为:(−3,−2).解析:直接利用关于原点对称点的性质得出各对应点位置进而得出答案.此题主要考查了旋转变换,正确得出对应点位置是解题关键.20.答案:(1)证明:连结AE,如图,∵AC为直径,∴∠AEC=90°,∴AE⊥BC,∵AB=AC,∴BE=CE;(2)解:连结OD、OE,如图,在Rt△ABE中,∠BAE=90°−∠B=90°−70°=20°,∴∠DOE=2∠DAE=40°,∴弧DE的度数为40°;(3)解:连结CD,如图,BC=2BE=6,设AC=x,则AD=x−2,∵AC为直径,∴∠ADC=90°,在Rt△BCD中,CD2=BC2−BD2=62−22=32,在Rt△ADC中,∵AD2+CD2=AC2,∴(x−2)2+32=x2,解得x=9,即AC的长为9.解析:本题考查了圆周角定理:在同圆或等圆中,同弧或等弧所对的圆周角相等,都等于这条弧所对的圆心角的一半.推论:半圆(或直径)所对的圆周角是直角,90°的圆周角所对的弦是直径.也考查了等腰三角形的判定与性质.(1)连结AE,如图,由圆周角定理得∠AEC=90°,而AB=AC,则根据等腰三角形的性质即可判断BE=CE;(2)连结OD、OE,如图,在Rt△ABE中,利用互余计算出∠BAE=20°,再根据圆周角定理得∠DOE= 2∠DAE=40°,然后根据圆心角的度数等于它所对的弧的度数即可得到弧DE的度数为40°;(3)连结CD,如图,BC=2BE=6,设AC=x,则AD=x−2,由圆周角定理得∠ADC=90°,在Rt△BCD中,利用勾股定理得CD2=32,然后在Rt△ADC中再利用勾股定理得到(x−2)2+32=x2,接着解方程求出x即可.21.答案:解:(1)设商品的定价为x元,由题意,得(x−20)[100−2(x−30)]=1600,解得:x=40或x=60;答:售价应定为40元或60元.(2)①y=(x−20)[100−2(x−30)],即y=−2x2+200x−3200;②∵a=−2<0,∴当x=−b2a =−2002×(−2)=50时,y取最大值;又x≤40,且当x<50时y随x的增大而增大,则在x=40时,y取最大值,即y最大值=1600,答:售价为40元/件时,此时利润最大,最大利润为1600元.解析:本题主要考查一元二次方程的应用、二次函数的应用,理解题意找到题目蕴含的相等关系,并据此列出方程或函数解析式是解题的关键.(1)设商品的定价为x元,根据总利润=单件利润×销售量,列出关于x的一元二次方程求解可得;(2)①根据(1)中相等关系即可得函数解析式;②根据二次函数的性质即可得最大值.22.答案:解:(1)∵∠CBD=39°,∴∠CAD=39°(同圆中,同弧所对圆周角相等);证明:(2)∵EC=BC,∴∠CBE=∠CEB,∴∠1+∠CBD=∠2+∠BAC,∵∠1=∠2,∴∠CBD=∠BAC,∵∠BAC=∠BDC,∴∠CBD=∠BDC,∴BC=CD.解析:此题主要考查了圆周角定理以及三角形外角的性质,正确应用圆周角定理是解题关键.(1)直接利用圆周角定理得出答案;(2)直接利用圆周角定理以及三角形外角的性质分析得出答案.23.答案:解:(1)根据题意得△=[−(2k+1)]2−4k2≥0,,解得k≥−14;即k的范围为k≥−14(2)根据题意得x1+x2=2k+1,x1x2=k2,∵x12+x22=6+x1x2,∴(x1+x2)2=6+3x1x2,∴(2k+1)2=6+3k2,整理得k2+4k−5=0,解得k1=1,k2=−5,∵k≥−1,4∴k的值为1.解析:(1)根据判别式的意义得到△=[−(2k+1)]2−4k2≥0,然后解关于k的不等式即可;(2)利用根与系数的关系得到x1+x2=2k+1,x1x2=k2,再变形x12+x22=6+x1x2得到(x1+x2)2=6+3x1x2,所以(2k+1)2=6+3k2,然后解关于k的方程后利用k的范围确定满足条件的k的值.本题考查了根的判别式和根与系数的关系:若x1,x2是一元二次方程ax2+bx+c=0(a≠0)的两根时,x1+x2=−ba ,x1x2=ca.24.答案:解:(1)①∵四边形ABCD是正方形,∴AO=BO=CO,AB=BC=8,∠ABO=∠ACB=∠DBC=45°,BO⊥AC,∴AC=8√2,∴AO=OC=BO=4√2∵将射线OM绕点O顺时针旋转90°,得到射线ON,∴∠FOE=90°=∠BOC,∴∠BOF=∠COE,且BO=CO,∠ABO=∠BCO,∴△BOF≌△COE(SAS)∴S△BFO=S△CEO,∴四边形OEBF的面积=S△OBC=12×4√2×4√2=16,故答案为16;②∵△BOF≌△COE,∴OE=OF,且∠EOF=90°,∴△OEF是等腰直角三角形;③∵OG=25√28,OB=4√2,∴BG=7√28,∵S△BFG:S△FGO=BG:GO=7:25,S△BEG:S△EGO=BG:GO=7:25,∴S△BEF:S△EFO=7:25,∴S△EFO=2532×S四边形OEBF=252,∴12OE2=252,∴OE=5;(2)如图2,当点E在线段BC上时,过点P作PH⊥BC于H,过点E作EG⊥AC于点G,∵∠ACB=45°,PH⊥BC,∴∠HPC=∠PCH=45°,∴PH=HC,∵PB2=PH2+BH2,∴4×26=PH2+(PH−8)2,∴PH=10,PH=−2(舍去),∴PH=CH=10,∴HB=2,PC=10√2,∵EC=2,EG⊥AC,∠ACB=45°,∴GC=√2=GE,∴PG=9√2,∵∠FPE=45°=∠HPC,∴∠FPH=∠EPG,且∠PHF=∠PGE,∴△PFH∽△PEG,∴PHPG =FHEG,∴109√2=HF√2,∴HF=109,∴BF=2+109=289;当点E在BC延长线上时,过点P作PH⊥BC于H,过点E作EG⊥AC于点G,同理可得:PH=10,EG=CG=√2,△PFH∽△PEG,∴PH PG =FH EG ,∴102+2=2,∴FH =1011,∴BF =2−1011=1211,综上所述:BF 的长为:289或1211,故答案为:289或1211.解析:本题是几何变换综合题,考查了正方形的性质,全等三角形的判定和性质,相似三角形的判定和性质,勾股定理等知识点,添加恰当辅助线构造相似三角形是本题的关键.(1)①由“SAS ”可证△BOF≌△COE ,可得S △BFO =S △CEO ,即可求解;②由全等三角形的性质可得OE =OF ,即可得结论;③由面积关系可求S △EFO =2532×S 四边形OEBF =252,即可求OE 的长;(2)过点P 作PH ⊥BC 于H ,过点E 作EG ⊥AC 于点G ,分两种情况讨论,由正方形的性质和勾股定理可求PH =10,通过证明△PFH∽△PEG ,可得PH PG =FH EG ,即可求解.25.答案:解:(1)对称轴为x =1的抛物线经过A(−1,0),则抛物线与x 轴的另外一个交点坐标为:(3,0), 则抛物线的表达式为:y =a(x +1)(x −3),将点B 的坐标代入上式并解得:a =1,故抛物线的表达式为:y =x 2−2x −3;(2)设点P(m,m 2−2m −3),将点A 、B 的坐标代入一次函数表达式并解得:直线AB 的表达式为:y =−x −1, 当Q 是OP 中点时,则点Q(12m,m 2−2m−32),将点Q的坐标代入直线AB的表达式并解得:x=3±√292,故点Q(3+√292,−5−√292)或(3−√292,√29−52);(3)①当BC为正方形的对角线时,如图1所示,直线AB的表达式为:y=−x−1,则点C(0,−1),点D(0,−3),BD=CD=2,故点E1(2,−3);②当BC是正方形的一条边时,(Ⅰ)当点D在BC下方时,如图2所示,抛物线顶点P的坐标为:(1,−4),点B(2,−3),故PD⊥BC,有图示两种情况,左图,点C、E的横坐标相同,在函数对称轴上,故点E2(1,−4);此时,点D、E的位置可以互换,故点E3(0,−3);右图,点B、E的横坐标相同,同理点E4(2,−5);(Ⅱ)当点D在AB上方时,此时要求点B与点D横坐标相同,这是不可能的,故不存在;综上,点E的坐标为:(2,−3)或(1,−4)或(0,−3)或(2,−5).解析:(1)对称轴为x=1的抛物线经过A(−1,0),则抛物线与x轴的另外一个交点坐标为:(3,0),则抛物线的表达式为:y=a(x+1)(x−3),即可求解;(2)设点P(m,m2−2m−3),当Q是OP中点时,则点Q(12m,m2−2m−32),即可求解;(3)分当BC为正方形的对角线、BC是正方形的一条边两种情况,分别求解即可.本题考查的是二次函数综合运用,涉及到一次函数的性质、正方形的性质、中点公式的运用等,其中(3),要注意分类求解,避免遗漏.。

福建省厦门市2019-2020学年九年级(上)期中数学试卷含答案解析

福建省厦门市2019-2020学年九年级(上)期中数学试卷含答案解析

福建省厦门市2019-2020学年九年级(上)期中数学试卷含答案解析一.选择题(共10小题)1.在平面直角坐标系中,点M(1,﹣2)与点N关于原点对称,则点N的坐标为()A.(﹣2,1)B.(1,﹣2)C.(2,﹣1)D.(﹣1,2)2.已知m是方程x2+2x﹣7=0的一个根,则代数式m2+2m=()A.﹣7 B.7 C.D.3.如图,点A为函数y=(x>0)图象上的一点,过点A作x轴的平行线交y轴于点B,连接OA,如果△AOB的面积为2,那么k的值为()A.1 B.2 C.3 D.44.如图,将△ABC绕点C顺时针方向旋转40°,得△A′B′C,若AC⊥A′B′,则∠A等于()A.50°B.60°C.70°D.80°5.将抛物线y=x2向上平移2个单位后,所得的抛物线的函数表达式为()A.y=x2+2 B.y=x2﹣2 C.y=(x+2)2D.y=(x﹣2)2 6.如图,晚上小亮在路灯下散步,他从A处向着路灯灯柱方向径直走到B处,这一过程中他在该路灯灯光下的影子()A.逐渐变短B.逐渐变长C.先变短后变长D.先变长后变短7.如图,某人从O点沿北偏东30°的方向走了20米到达A点,B在O点的正东方,且在A 的正南方,则此时AB间的距离是()A.10米B.10米C.10米D.米8.如图是二次函数y=ax2+bx+c的部分图象,由图象可知不等式ax2+bx+c<0的解集是()A.﹣1<x<5 B.x>5 C.﹣1<x且x>5 D.x<﹣1或x>5 9.有n支球队参加篮球比赛,共比赛了15场,每两个队之间只比赛一场,则下列方程中符合题意的是()A.n(n﹣1)=15 B.n(n+1)=15 C.n(n﹣1)=30 D.n(n+1)=30 10.有两个全等的含30°角的直角三角板重叠在一起,如图,将△A′B′C′绕AC的中点M转动,斜边A′B′刚好过△ABC的直角顶点C,且与△ABC的斜边AB交于点N,连接AA′、C′C、AC′.若AC的长为2,有以下五个结论:①AA′=1;②C′C⊥A′B′;③点N是边AB的中点;④四边形AA′CC′为矩形;⑤A′N=B′C=,其中正确的有()A.2个B.3个C.4个D.5个二.填空题(共6小题)11.若(m﹣2)﹣mx+1=0是一元二次方程,则m的值为.12.在①正方形;②长方形;③等边三角形;④线段;⑤锐角;⑥平行四边形中,绕某个点旋转180°后能与自身重合的有个.13.已知两个相似三角形相似比是3:4,那么它们的面积比是.14.抛物线y=ax2+bx+c(a>0)过点(﹣1,0)和点(0,﹣3),且顶点在第四象限,则a 的取值范围是.15.直角三角形两直角边的长分别为x,y,它的面积为3,则y与x之间的函数关系式为.16.如图,一段抛物线y=﹣x(x﹣5)(0≤x≤5),记为C1,它与x轴交于点O,A1;将C1绕点A1旋转180°得C2,交x轴于点A2;将C2绕点A2旋转180°得C3,交x轴于点A3;…如此进行下去,得到一“波浪线”,若点P(2018,m)在此“波浪线”上,则m的值为.三.解答题(共9小题)17.计算:2cos30°+sin45°﹣tan60°18.如图,△ABC中,DE∥BC,如果AD=2,DB=3,AE=4,求AC的长.19.解下列方程:(1)3x(x+3)=2(x+3)(2)2x2﹣6x﹣3=020.如图,在平面直角坐标系xOy中,直线y=x+1与双曲线y=的一个交点为P(m,2).(1)求k的值;(2)M(2,a),N(n,b)是双曲线上的两点,直接写出当a>b时,n的取值范围.21.已知关于x的一元二次方程(m2﹣m)x2﹣2mx+1=0有两个不相等的实数根.(1)求m的取值范围;(2)若m为整数且m<3,a是方程的一个根,求代数式2a2﹣3a﹣+2的值.22.如图,已知△ABC和△AEF中,∠B=∠E,AB=AE,BC=EF,∠EAB=25°,∠F=57°;(1)请说明∠EAB=∠FAC的理由;(2)△ABC可以经过图形的变换得到△AEF,请你描述这个变换;(3)求∠AMB的度数.23.如图,点E是矩形ABCD边AB上一动点(不与点B重合),过点E作EF⊥DE交BC于点F,连接DF,已知AB=4cm,AD=2cm,设A,E两点间的距离为xcm,△DEF面积为ycm2.小明根据学习函数的经验,对函数y随自变量x的变化而变化的规律进行了探究.下面是小明的探究过程,请补充完整:(1)确定自变量x的取值范围是;(2)通过取点、画图、测量、分析,得到了x与y的几组值,如表:x/cm 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 …y/cm2 4.0 3.7 3.9 3.8 3.3 2.0 …(说明:补全表格时相关数值保留一位小数)(3)建立平面直角坐标系,描出以补全后的表中各对对应值为坐标的点,画出该函数的图象;(4)结合画出的函数图象,解决问题:当△DEF面积最大时,AE的长度为cm.24.如图,∠BAD=90°,AB=AD,CB=CD,一个以点C为顶点的45°角绕点C旋转,角的两边与BA,DA交于点M,N,与BA,DA的延长线交于点E,F,连接AC.(1)在∠FCE旋转的过程中,当∠FCA=∠ECA时,如图1,求证:AE=AF;(2)在∠FCE旋转的过程中,当∠FCA≠∠ECA时,如图2,如果∠B=30°,CB=2,用等式表示线段AE,AF之间的数量关系,并证明.25.把函数C1:y=ax2﹣2ax﹣3a(a≠0)的图象绕点P(m,0)旋转180°,得到新函数C2的图象,我们称C2是C1关于点P的相关函数.C2的图象的对称轴与x轴交点坐标为(t,0).(1)填空:t的值为(用含m的代数式表示)(2)若a=﹣1,当≤x≤t时,函数C1的最大值为y1,最小值为y2,且y1﹣y2=1,求C2的解析式;(3)当m=0时,C2的图象与x轴相交于A,B两点(点A在点B的右侧).与y轴相交于点D.把线段AD原点O逆时针旋转90°,得到它的对应线段A′D′,若线A′D′与C2的图象有公共点,结合函数图象,求a的取值范围.参考答案与试题解析一.选择题(共10小题)1.在平面直角坐标系中,点M(1,﹣2)与点N关于原点对称,则点N的坐标为()A.(﹣2,1)B.(1,﹣2)C.(2,﹣1)D.(﹣1,2)【分析】根据两个点关于原点对称时,它们的坐标符号相反可得答案.【解答】解:∵点M(1,﹣2)与点N关于原点对称,点N的坐标为(﹣1,2),故选:D.2.已知m是方程x2+2x﹣7=0的一个根,则代数式m2+2m=()A.﹣7 B.7 C.D.【分析】根据一元二次方程的解的定义得到m2+2m﹣7=0,然后利用等式的性质可确定代数式m2+2m的值.【解答】解:∵m是方程x2+2x﹣7=0的一个根,∴m2+2m﹣7=0,∴m2+2m=7.故选:B.3.如图,点A为函数y=(x>0)图象上的一点,过点A作x轴的平行线交y轴于点B,连接OA,如果△AOB的面积为2,那么k的值为()A.1 B.2 C.3 D.4【分析】根据在反比例函数的图象上任意一点向坐标轴作垂线,这一点和垂足以及坐标原点所构成的三角形的面积是|k|=2,再根据反比例函数的图象位于第一象限即可求出k的值.【解答】解:根据题意可知:S△AOB=|k|=2,又反比例函数的图象位于第一象限,k>0,则k=4.故选:D.4.如图,将△ABC绕点C顺时针方向旋转40°,得△A′B′C,若AC⊥A′B′,则∠A等于()A.50°B.60°C.70°D.80°【分析】根据旋转的性质得∠BCB′=∠ACA′=40°,∠A=∠A′,再利用AC⊥A′B′可计算∠A′=50°,所以∠A=∠A′=50°.【解答】解:如图,∵△ACB绕点C顺时针方向旋转40°得△A′CB′,点B与B′对应,∴∠BCB′=∠ACA′=40°,∠A=∠A′,∵AC⊥A′B′,∴∠CDA′=90°,∴∠A′=90°﹣40°=50°,∴∠A=∠A′=50°.故选:A.5.将抛物线y=x2向上平移2个单位后,所得的抛物线的函数表达式为()A.y=x2+2 B.y=x2﹣2 C.y=(x+2)2D.y=(x﹣2)2【分析】求出平移后的抛物线的顶点坐标,然后利用顶点式形式写出即可.【解答】解:∵抛物线y=x2向上平移2个单位后的顶点坐标为(0,2),∴所得抛物线的解析式为y=x2+2.故选:A.6.如图,晚上小亮在路灯下散步,他从A处向着路灯灯柱方向径直走到B处,这一过程中他在该路灯灯光下的影子()A.逐渐变短B.逐渐变长C.先变短后变长D.先变长后变短【分析】由题意易得,小亮离光源是由远到近的过程,根据中心投影的特点,即可得到身影的变化特点.【解答】解:小亮在路灯下由远及近向路灯靠近时,其影子应该逐渐变短,故选:A.7.如图,某人从O点沿北偏东30°的方向走了20米到达A点,B在O点的正东方,且在A 的正南方,则此时AB间的距离是()A.10米B.10米C.10米D.米【分析】由AB=OA sin∠AOB可得答案.【解答】解:根据题意知∠AOB=60°、OA=20,则AB=OA sin∠AOB=20sin60°=20×=10(米),故选:B.8.如图是二次函数y=ax2+bx+c的部分图象,由图象可知不等式ax2+bx+c<0的解集是()A.﹣1<x<5 B.x>5 C.﹣1<x且x>5 D.x<﹣1或x>5【分析】先根据图象求出:抛物线与x轴的另一个交点为(﹣1,0),利用数形结合得出不等式的解.【解答】解:由对称性得:抛物线与x轴的另一个交点为(﹣1,0),由图象可知不等式ax2+bx+c<0的解集是:x<﹣1或x>5,故选:D.9.有n支球队参加篮球比赛,共比赛了15场,每两个队之间只比赛一场,则下列方程中符合题意的是()A.n(n﹣1)=15 B.n(n+1)=15 C.n(n﹣1)=30 D.n(n+1)=30 【分析】由于每两个队之间只比赛一场,则此次比赛的总场数为:n(n﹣1)场.根据题意可知:此次比赛的总场数=15场,依此等量关系列出方程即可.【解答】解:设有n支球队参加篮球比赛,则此次比赛的总场数为n(n﹣1)场,根据题意列出方程得:n(n﹣1)=15,整理,得:即n(n﹣1)=30,故选:C.10.有两个全等的含30°角的直角三角板重叠在一起,如图,将△A′B′C′绕AC的中点M转动,斜边A′B′刚好过△ABC的直角顶点C,且与△ABC的斜边AB交于点N,连接AA′、C′C、AC′.若AC的长为2,有以下五个结论:①AA′=1;②C′C⊥A′B′;③点N是边AB的中点;④四边形AA′CC′为矩形;⑤A′N=B′C=,其中正确的有()A.2个B.3个C.4个D.5个【分析】①根据旋转的性质,可得AM=MC=A′M=MC′=1,根据等腰三角形的性质,可得∠MCA′,根据等边三角形的判定,可得答案;②根据垂线的性质:过直线外一点与已知直线垂直的直线只有一条,可得答案;③根据等腰三角形的判定,可得答案④根据平行四边形的判定,可得四边形AA′CC′是平行四边形,再根据有一个角是直角的平行四边形是矩形,可得答案;⑤根据勾股定理可得BA的长,根据AB与AN的关系,可得AN的长,根据直角三角形的性质,可得答案.【解答】解:①∵点M是线段AC、线段A′C′的中点,AC=2,∴AM=MC=A′M=MC′=1,∵∠MA′C=30°,∴∠MCA′=∠MA′C=30°,∴∠A′MC=180°﹣30°﹣30°=120°,∴∠A′MA=180°﹣A′MC=180°﹣120°=60°,∴∠AMA′=∠C′MC=60°,∴△AA′M是等边三角形,∴AA′=AM=1,故①正确;②∵∠A′CM=30°,∠MCC′=60°,∴∠ACA′=∠A′CM+∠MCC′=90°,∴CC′⊥A′C,故②正确;③∵∠A′CA=∠NAC=30°,∠BCN=∠CBN=60°,∴AN=NC=NB,故③正确;④∵△AA′M≌△C′CM,∴AA′=CC′,∠MAA′=∠C′CM=60°,∴AA′∥CC′,∴四边形AA′CC′是平行四边形,∵∠AA′C=∠AA′M+∠MA′C=90°,四边形AA′CC′为矩形,故④正确;⑤AN=AB=,∠NAA′=30°,∠AA′N=90°,∴A′N=AN=,故⑤错误;故选:C.二.填空题(共6小题)11.若(m﹣2)﹣mx+1=0是一元二次方程,则m的值为﹣2 .【分析】本题根据一元二次方程的定义求解.一元二次方程必须满足两个条件:(1)未知数的最高次数是2;(2)二次项系数不为0.由这两个条件得到相应的关系式,再求解即可.【解答】解:根据题意得:,解得:m=﹣2.故答案是:﹣2.12.在①正方形;②长方形;③等边三角形;④线段;⑤锐角;⑥平行四边形中,绕某个点旋转180°后能与自身重合的有 4 个.【分析】根据中心对称图形的概念对各小题分析判断即可得解.【解答】解:①正方形是中心对称图形;②长方形是中心对称图形;③等边三角形不是中心对称图形;④线段是中心对称图形;⑤锐角,不是中心对称图形;⑥平行四边形是中心对称图形;所以,①②④⑥共4个.故答案为:4.13.已知两个相似三角形相似比是3:4,那么它们的面积比是9:16 .【分析】根据相似三角形的面积比等于相似比的平方可直接得出结果.【解答】解:∵两个相似三角形的相似比是3:4,∴它们的面积为9:16.故答案为9:16.14.抛物线y=ax2+bx+c(a>0)过点(﹣1,0)和点(0,﹣3),且顶点在第四象限,则a 的取值范围是0<a<3 .【分析】将点的坐标代入抛物线解析式得到关于a、b的等式和c的值并用a表示出b,再根据顶点坐标和第四象限内点的横坐标是正数,纵坐标是负数列不等式组求解即可.【解答】解:∵抛物线y=ax2+bx+c(a>0)过点(﹣1,0)和点(0,﹣3),∴,所以,a﹣b=3,b=a﹣3,∵顶点在第四象限,∴,即﹣>0①,<0②,解不等式①得,a<3,不等式②整理得,(a+3)2>0,所以,a≠﹣3,所以,a的取值范围是0<a<3.故答案为:0<a<3.15.直角三角形两直角边的长分别为x,y,它的面积为3,则y与x之间的函数关系式为y=.【分析】根据直角三角形的面积公式可得xy=3,据此可得.【解答】解:根据题意知xy=3,则xy=6,∴y=,故答案为:y=.16.如图,一段抛物线y=﹣x(x﹣5)(0≤x≤5),记为C1,它与x轴交于点O,A1;将C1绕点A1旋转180°得C2,交x轴于点A2;将C2绕点A2旋转180°得C3,交x轴于点A3;…如此进行下去,得到一“波浪线”,若点P(2018,m)在此“波浪线”上,则m的值为﹣6 .【分析】求出抛物线C1与x轴的交点坐标,观察图形可知第奇数号抛物线都在x轴上方,然后判断点P所在抛物线的位置,求出抛物线的解析式,然后把点P的坐标代入计算即可得解.【解答】解:∵一段抛物线:y=﹣x(x﹣5)(0≤x≤5),∴图象与x轴交点坐标为:(0,0),(5,0),∵将C1绕点A1旋转180°得C2,交x轴于点A2;将C2绕点A2旋转180°得C3,交x轴于点A3;…如此进行下去,由2018÷5=403…3可知抛物线C404在x轴下方,∴抛物线C404的解析式为y=(x﹣2015)(x﹣2020),∵P(2018,m)在第404段抛物线C404上,∴m=(2018﹣2015)(2018﹣2020)=﹣6.故答案为﹣6.三.解答题(共9小题)17.计算:2cos30°+sin45°﹣tan60°【分析】先把各角的三角函数值代入,再根据实数的运算法则进行计算即可.【解答】解:原式=,=,=.故答案为:.18.如图,△ABC中,DE∥BC,如果AD=2,DB=3,AE=4,求AC的长.【分析】根据平行线分线段成比例求出EC,即可解答.【解答】解:∵DE∥BC,∴,即,解得:EC=6,∴AC=AE+EC=4+6=10;19.解下列方程:(1)3x(x+3)=2(x+3)(2)2x2﹣6x﹣3=0【分析】(1)根据因式分解法即可求出答案.(2)根据公式法即可求出答案.【解答】解:(1)∵3x(x+3)=2(x+3),∴(x+3)(3x﹣2)=0,∴x=﹣3或x=.(2)∵2x2﹣6x﹣3=0,∴a=2,b=﹣6,c=﹣3,∴△=36+24=60,∴x==.20.如图,在平面直角坐标系xOy中,直线y=x+1与双曲线y=的一个交点为P(m,2).(1)求k的值;(2)M(2,a),N(n,b)是双曲线上的两点,直接写出当a>b时,n的取值范围.【分析】(1)将点P坐标代入两个解析式可求m,k的值;(2)根据反比例函数图象性质可求解.【解答】解:(1)∵直线y=x+1与双曲线y=的一个交点为P(m,2).∴∴m=1,k=2(2)∵k=2,∴双曲线每个分支上y随x的增大而减小,当N在第一象限时,∵a>b∴n>2当N在第三象限时,∴n<0综上所述:n>2或n<021.已知关于x的一元二次方程(m2﹣m)x2﹣2mx+1=0有两个不相等的实数根.(1)求m的取值范围;(2)若m为整数且m<3,a是方程的一个根,求代数式2a2﹣3a﹣+2的值.【分析】(1)根据一元二次方程的定义和判别式的意义得到关于m的不等式组,然后解不等式组即可;(2)先利用m的范围确定整数m的值得到2a2=4a﹣1,然后利用整体代入的方法计算代数式的值.【解答】解:(1)由题意有:,解得m>0且m≠1;(2)∵m>0且m≠1,而m为小于3的整数,∴m=2,当m=2时,方程化为2x2﹣4x+1=0,∵a是方程的一个根,∴2a2﹣4a+1=0,即2a2=4a﹣1,∴原式=4a﹣1﹣3a﹣+2=a﹣1﹣a+2=1.22.如图,已知△ABC和△AEF中,∠B=∠E,AB=AE,BC=EF,∠EAB=25°,∠F=57°;(1)请说明∠EAB=∠FAC的理由;(2)△ABC可以经过图形的变换得到△AEF,请你描述这个变换;(3)求∠AMB的度数.【分析】(1)先利用已知条件∠B=∠E,AB=AE,BC=EF,利用SAS可证△ABC≌△AEF,那么就有∠C=∠F,∠BAC=∠EAF,那么∠BAC﹣∠PAF=∠EAF﹣∠PAF,即有∠BAE=∠CAF=25°;(2)通过观察可知△ABC绕点A顺时针旋转25°,可以得到△AEF;(3)由(1)知∠C=∠F=57°,∠BAE=∠CAF=25°,而∠AMB是△ACM的外角,根据三角形外角的性质可求∠AMB.【解答】解:(1)∵∠B=∠E,AB=AE,BC=EF,∴△ABC≌△AEF,∴∠C=∠F,∠BAC=∠EAF,∴∠BAC﹣∠PAF=∠EAF﹣∠PAF,∴∠BAE=∠CAF=25°;(2)通过观察可知△ABC绕点A顺时针旋转25°,可以得到△AEF;(3)由(1)知∠C=∠F=57°,∠BAE=∠CAF=25°,∴∠AMB=∠C+∠CAF=57°+25°=82°.23.如图,点E是矩形ABCD边AB上一动点(不与点B重合),过点E作EF⊥DE交BC于点F,连接DF,已知AB=4cm,AD=2cm,设A,E两点间的距离为xcm,△DEF面积为ycm2.小明根据学习函数的经验,对函数y随自变量x的变化而变化的规律进行了探究.下面是小明的探究过程,请补充完整:(1)确定自变量x的取值范围是0≤x<4 ;(2)通过取点、画图、测量、分析,得到了x与y的几组值,如表:x/cm 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 …y/cm2 4.0 3.7 3.9 3.8 3.3 2.0 …(说明:补全表格时相关数值保留一位小数)(3)建立平面直角坐标系,描出以补全后的表中各对对应值为坐标的点,画出该函数的图象;(4)结合画出的函数图象,解决问题:当△DEF面积最大时,AE的长度为0或2 cm.【分析】(1)利用点E在线段AB上,即可得出结论;(2)先判断出△ADE∽△BEF,得出,进而表示出BF=,再取x=1和x =2求出y的即可;(3)利用画函数图象的方法即可得出结论;(4)由图象可知,即可得出结论.【解答】解:(1)∵点E在AB上,∴0≤x<4,故答案为:0≤x<4;(2)∵四边形ABCD是矩形,∴BC=AD=2,CD=AB=4,∠A=∠B=90°,∴∠ADE+∠AED=90°,∵EF⊥DE,∴∠AED+∠BEF=90°,∴∠ADE=∠BEF,∵∠A=∠B=90°,∴△ADE∽△BEF,∴,∵AE=x,∴BE=AB﹣AE=4﹣x,∴,∴BF=,当x=1时,BF=,∴CF=BC﹣BF=2﹣=,y=S矩形ABCD﹣S△ADE﹣S△BEF﹣S△CDF=8﹣×2×1﹣×3×﹣×4×=3.75≈3.8,当x=2时,BF=2,∴CF=BC﹣BF=0,此时,点F和点C重合,y=S矩形ABCD﹣S△ADE﹣S△BEF=8﹣×2×2﹣×2×2=4.0故答案为:3.8,4.0(3)描点,连线,画出如图所示的图象,(4)由图象可知,当x=0或2时,△DEF面积最大,即:当△DEF面积最大时,AE=0或2,故答案为0,2.24.如图,∠BAD=90°,AB=AD,CB=CD,一个以点C为顶点的45°角绕点C旋转,角的两边与BA,DA交于点M,N,与BA,DA的延长线交于点E,F,连接AC.(1)在∠FCE旋转的过程中,当∠FCA=∠ECA时,如图1,求证:AE=AF;(2)在∠FCE旋转的过程中,当∠FCA≠∠ECA时,如图2,如果∠B=30°,CB=2,用等式表示线段AE,AF之间的数量关系,并证明.【分析】(1)首先证明△ABC≌△ADC(SSS),推出∠BAC=∠DAC=45°,推出∠FAC=∠EAC=135°,再证明△ACF≌△ACE(ASA)即可解决问题;(2)由△ACF∽△AEC,推出=,可得AC2=AE•AF,求出AC即可解决问题;【解答】(1)证明:∵AB=AD,CB=CD,AC=AC,∴△ABC≌△ADC(SSS),∴∠BAC=∠DAC=45°,∴∠FAC=∠EAC=135°,∵∠FCA=∠ECA,∴△ACF≌△ACE(ASA),∴AE=AF.(2)证明:作CG⊥AB于G.∵BC=2,∠B=30°,∴CG=BC=1,∵AG=AC=1,∴AC=,∵∠FAC=∠EAC=135°,∴∠ACF+∠F=45°,∵∠ACF+∠ACE=45°,∴∠F=∠ACE,∴△ACF∽△AEC,∴=,∴AC2=AE•AF,∴AE•AF=2.25.把函数C1:y=ax2﹣2ax﹣3a(a≠0)的图象绕点P(m,0)旋转180°,得到新函数C2的图象,我们称C2是C1关于点P的相关函数.C2的图象的对称轴与x轴交点坐标为(t,0).(1)填空:t的值为2m﹣1 (用含m的代数式表示)(2)若a=﹣1,当≤x≤t时,函数C1的最大值为y1,最小值为y2,且y1﹣y2=1,求C2的解析式;(3)当m=0时,C2的图象与x轴相交于A,B两点(点A在点B的右侧).与y轴相交于点D.把线段AD原点O逆时针旋转90°,得到它的对应线段A′D′,若线A′D′与C2的图象有公共点,结合函数图象,求a的取值范围.【分析】(1)C1:y=ax2﹣2ax﹣3a=a(x﹣1)2﹣4a,顶点(1,﹣4a)围绕点P(m,0)旋转180°的对称点为(2m﹣1,4a),即可求解;(2)分t<1、1≤t、t三种情况,分别求解;(3)分a>0、a<0两种情况,分别求解.【解答】解:(1)C1:y=ax2﹣2ax﹣3a=a(x﹣1)2﹣4a,顶点(1,﹣4a)围绕点P(m,0)旋转180°的对称点为(2m﹣1,4a),C2:y=﹣a(x﹣2m+1)2+4a,函数的对称轴为:x=2m﹣1,t=2m﹣1,故答案为:2m﹣1;(2)a=﹣1时,C1:y=﹣(x﹣1)2+4,①当t<1时,x=时,有最小值y2=,x=t时,有最大值y1=﹣(t﹣1)2+4,则y1﹣y2=﹣(t﹣1)2+4﹣=1,无解;②1≤t时,x=1时,有最大值y1=4,x=时,有最小值y2=﹣(t﹣1)2+4,y1﹣y2=≠1(舍去);③当t时,x=1时,有最大值y1=4,x=t时,有最小值y2=﹣(t﹣1)2+4,y1﹣y2=(t﹣1)2=1,解得:t=0或2(舍去0),故C2:y=(x﹣2)2﹣4=x2﹣4x;(3)m=0,C2:y=﹣a(x+1)2+4a,点A、B、D、A′、D′的坐标分别为(1,0)、(﹣3,0)、(0,3a)、(0,1)、(﹣3a,0),当a>0时,a越大,则OD越大,则点D′越靠左,当C2过点A′时,y=﹣a(0+1)2+4a=1,解得:a=,当C2过点D′时,同理可得:a=1,故:0<a或a≥1;当a<0时,当C2过点D′时,﹣3a=1,解得:a=﹣,故:a≤﹣;综上,故:0<a或a≥1或a≤﹣.。

华师大版初中数学九年级上册期中试卷(2019-2020学年福建省厦门十一中

华师大版初中数学九年级上册期中试卷(2019-2020学年福建省厦门十一中

2019-2020学年福建省厦门十一中九年级(上)期中数学试卷一、选择题:(本大题共10小题,每小题4分,共40分)1.(4分)下列图形中,属于中心对称图形的是()A.等边三角形B.直角三角形C.菱形D.对角互补的四边形2.(4分)用配方法解一元二次方程x2+2x﹣1=0,配方后得到的方程是()A.(x﹣1)2=2B.(x﹣1)2=3C.(x+1)2=2D.(x+1)2=3 3.(4分)已知⊙O的直径为6,点P到圆心O的距离为4,则点P在()A.⊙O内B.⊙O外C.⊙O上D.无法确定4.(4分)已知关于x的一元二次方程mx2+2x﹣1=0有两个不相等的实数根,则m的取值范围是()A.m<﹣1B.m>1C.m<1且m≠0D.m>﹣1且m≠0 5.(4分)抛物线y=2(x﹣2)2+5向左平移3个单位长度,再向下平移2个单位长度,此时抛物线的对称轴是()A.x=2B.x=﹣1C.x=5D.x=06.(4分)如图,已知▱ABCD的两条对角线AC与BD交于平面直角坐标系的原点,点A 的坐标为(﹣2,3),则点C的坐标为()A.(﹣3,2)B.(﹣2,﹣3)C.(3,﹣2)D.(2,﹣3)7.(4分)如图,点C在上,点D在半径OA上,则下列结论正确的是()A.∠DCB+∠O=180°B.∠ACB+∠O=180°C.∠ACB+∠O=180°D.∠CAO+∠CBO=180°8.(4分)二次函数y=ax2+bx+c的x,y的部分对应值如表所示,则下列判断不正确的是()x﹣2﹣1012y﹣2.50 1.52 1.5A.当x<0时,y随x的增大而增大B.对称轴是直线x=1C.当x=4时,y=﹣2D.方程ax2+bx+c=0有一个根是39.(4分)两年前生产1吨甲种药品的成本是5000元.随着生产技术的进步,成本逐年下降,第2年的年下降率是第1年的年下降率的2倍,现在生产1吨甲种药品成本是2400元.为求第一年的年下降率,假设第一年的年下降率为x,则可列方程()A.5000(1﹣x﹣2x)=2400B.5000(1﹣x)2=2400C.5000﹣x﹣2x=2400D.5000(1﹣x)(1﹣2x)=240010.(4分)如图,⊙P与x轴交于点A(﹣5,0),B(1,0),与y轴的正半轴交于点C.若∠ACB=60°,则点C的纵坐标为()A.+B.2+C.4D.2+2二、填空题:(本大题共6小题,每小题4分,共24分.把答案填在答题卡的相应位置)11.(4分)如果方程2x2+kx﹣6=0的一个根是﹣3,则k=.12.(4分)如图,在平面直角坐标系中,点A,B的坐标分别是A(3,0),B(0,4),把线段AB绕点A旋转后得到线段AB′,使点B的对应点B′落在x轴的正半轴上,则点B′的坐标是.13.(4分)我国南宋数学家杨辉在1275年提出了一个问题:直田积(矩形面积)八百六十四步(平方步),只云阔(宽)不及长一十二步(宽比长少一十二步).问阔及长各几步?若设阔(宽)为x步,则所列方程为.14.(4分)在平面直角坐标系xOy中,已知A(3,0),B(2,﹣2),将线段OA绕点O逆时针旋转,设旋转角为α(0°<α<135°).记点A的对应点为A1,若点A1与点B的距离为,则α=.15.(4分)如图,是抛物线y1=ax2+bx+c(a≠0)的图象的一部分,抛物线的顶点坐标是A (1,n),与x轴的一个交点B(4,0),直线y2=mx+d(m≠0)与抛物线交于A,B两点,下列结论:①3a+b=0,②方程ax2+bx+c+1=n有两个相等的实数根,③b2=4a(c﹣n),④当1<x<4时,有y2>y1,⑤ax2+bx≤a+b,其中正确的结论是(只填写序号).16.(4分)如图,AB为半圆O的直径,直线CE与半圆O相切于点C,点D是的中点,CB=6,四边形ABCD的面积为3AC,则圆心O到直线CE的距离是.三、解答题:(本大题共9小题,共86分.解答应写出文字说明,证明过程或演算步骤)17.(8分)解方程(1)x2+6x=0(2)x2﹣4x﹣3=018.(8分)已知二次函数y=x2+k的图象经过点(﹣2,3)(1)求二次函数的解析式;(2)画出此二次函数的图象.19.(7分)每个小方格都是边长为1个单位长度的正方形,在建立平面直角坐标系后,△ABC的顶点均在格点上,①写出A、B、C的坐标.②以原点O为对称中心,画出△ABC关于原点O对称的△A1B1C1,并写出A1、B1、C1.20.(8分)如图,点A、B、C都在圆O上,OC⊥OB,点A在劣弧上,且OA=AB,求∠ABC的度数.21.(9分)我市高新区某企业接到一批产品的生产任务,按要求必须在14天内完成.已知每件产品的售价为60元.工人甲第x天生产的产品数量为y件,y与x满足如下关系:y =(1)工人甲第几天生产的产品数量为60件?(2)设第x天生产的产品成本为P元/件,P与x的函数关系图象如图,工人甲第x天创造的利润为W元,求W与x的函数关系式,第几天时,利润最大,最大利润是多少?22.(10分)如图,四边形ABCD内接于⊙O,∠BAD=90°,AD、BC的延长线交于点F,点E在CF上,且∠DEC=∠BAC.(1)求证:DE是⊙O的切线;(2)若AB=AC,CE=10,EF=14,求CD.23.(10分)我们可以通过下列步骤估计方程x2﹣2x﹣2=0方程的根所在的范围.第一步:画出函数y=x2﹣2x﹣2=0的图象,发现函数图象是一条连续不断的曲线,且与x轴的一个交点的横坐标在0,﹣1之间.第二步:因为当x=0时,y=﹣2<0,当x=﹣1时,y=1>0,所以可确定方程x2﹣2x﹣2=0的一个根x1所在的范围是﹣1<x1<0第三步:通过取0和﹣1的平均数缩小x1所在的范围:取x=,因为当x=时,y<0.又因为当x=﹣1时,y>0,所以(1)请仿照第二步,通过运算验证方程x2﹣2x﹣2=0的另一个根x2所在的范围是2<x2<3.(2)在2<x2<3的基础上,重复应用第三步中取平均数的方法,将x2所在的范围缩小至a<x2<b,使得.24.(12分)如图,矩形ABCD中,AB=8,BC=6,将此矩形绕点B顺时针方向旋转θ(0<θ<180°)得到矩形A1BC1D1,直线BA1、C1D1分别与直线CD相交于点E、F.(1)若此矩形绕点B顺时针方向旋转90°,求DD1的长.(2)在旋转过程中,点D、A1、D1三点共线时,求△BCE的面积.(3)在矩形ABCD旋转的过程中,是否存在某个位置使得以B、E、F、D1为顶点的四边形为平行四边形?若存在,求出CF的长;若不存在,请说明理由.25.(14分)在平面直角坐标系中,点A(1,0),已知抛物线y=x2+mx﹣2m(m是常数),顶点为P.(1)当抛物线经过点A时,①求顶点P的坐标;②设直线l:y=3x+1与抛物线交于B、C两点,抛物线上的点M的横坐标为n(﹣1≤n≤3),过点M作x轴的垂线,与直线l交于点Q,若MQ=d,当d随n的增大而减少时,求n的取值范围.(2)无论m取何值,该抛物线都经过定点H,当∠AHP=45°时,求抛物线的解析式.2019-2020学年福建省厦门十一中九年级(上)期中数学试卷参考答案与试题解析一、选择题:(本大题共10小题,每小题4分,共40分)1.(4分)下列图形中,属于中心对称图形的是()A.等边三角形B.直角三角形C.菱形D.对角互补的四边形【分析】根据把一个图形绕某一点旋转180°,如果旋转后的图形能够与原来的图形重合,那么这个图形就叫做中心对称图形,这个点叫做对称中心进行分析即可.【解答】解:A、等边三角形不是中心对称图形,故此选项错误;B、直角三角形不是中心对称图形,故此选项错误;C、菱形是中心对称图形,故此选项正确;D、对角互补的四边形不是中心对称图形,故此选项错误;故选:C.【点评】此题主要考查了中心对称图形,关键是掌握中心对称图形定义.2.(4分)用配方法解一元二次方程x2+2x﹣1=0,配方后得到的方程是()A.(x﹣1)2=2B.(x﹣1)2=3C.(x+1)2=2D.(x+1)2=3【分析】把常数项﹣1移项后,应该在左右两边同时加上一次项系数2的一半的平方.【解答】解:把方程x2+2x﹣1=0的常数项移到等号的右边,得到x2+2x=1,方程两边同时加上一次项系数一半的平方,得到x2+2x+1=1+1,配方得(x+1)2=2.故选:C.【点评】本题考查了用配方法解一元二次方程,配方法的一般步骤:(1)把常数项移到等号的右边;(2)把二次项的系数化为1;(3)等式两边同时加上一次项系数一半的平方.选择用配方法解一元二次方程时,最好使方程的二次项的系数为1,一次项的系数是2的倍数.3.(4分)已知⊙O的直径为6,点P到圆心O的距离为4,则点P在()A.⊙O内B.⊙O外C.⊙O上D.无法确定【分析】要确定点与圆的位置关系,主要确定点与圆心的距离与半径的大小关系;若设点到圆心的距离为d,圆的半径为r,则d>r时,点在圆外;当d=r时,点在圆上;当d<r时,点在圆内.【解答】解:∵⊙O的直径为6,∴⊙O的半径为3,∵点P到圆心O的距离为4,∴4>3,∴点P在⊙O外.故选:B.【点评】本题考查了点与圆的位置关系的判断.解决此类题目的关键是首先确定点与圆心的距离,然后与半径进行比较,进而得出结论.4.(4分)已知关于x的一元二次方程mx2+2x﹣1=0有两个不相等的实数根,则m的取值范围是()A.m<﹣1B.m>1C.m<1且m≠0D.m>﹣1且m≠0【分析】由关于x的一元二次方程mx2+2x﹣1=0有两个不相等的实数根,根据一元二次方程的定义和根的判别式的意义可得m≠0且△>0,即22﹣4•m•(﹣1)>0,两个不等式的公共解即为m的取值范围.【解答】解:∵关于x的一元二次方程mx2+2x﹣1=0有两个不相等的实数根,∴m≠0且△>0,即22﹣4•m•(﹣1)>0,解得m>﹣1,∴m的取值范围为m>﹣1且m≠0.∴当m>﹣1且m≠0时,关于x的一元二次方程mx2+2x﹣1=0有两个不相等的实数根.故选:D.【点评】本题考查了一元二次方程ax2+bx+c=0(a≠0)的根的判别式△=b2﹣4ac:当△>0,方程有两个不相等的实数根;当△<0,方程有两个相等的实数根;当△=0,方程没有实数根;也考查了一元二次方程的定义.5.(4分)抛物线y=2(x﹣2)2+5向左平移3个单位长度,再向下平移2个单位长度,此时抛物线的对称轴是()A.x=2B.x=﹣1C.x=5D.x=0【分析】先根据二次函数的性质得到抛物线y=2(x﹣2)2+5的顶点坐标为(2,5),再利用点平移的规律,点(2,5)平移后的对应点的坐标为(﹣1,3),然后根据顶点式写出平移后的抛物线解析式,再利用二次函数的性质确定平移后的抛物线的对称轴方程.【解答】解:抛物线y=2(x﹣2)2+5的顶点坐标为(2,5),把点(2,5)向左平移3个单位,向下平移2个单位得到对应点的坐标为(﹣1,3),所以平移后的抛物线解析式为y=2(x+1)2+3,所以平移的抛物线的对称轴为直线x=﹣1.故选:B.【点评】本题考查了二次函数图象与几何变换:由于抛物线平移后的形状不变,故a不变,所以求平移后的抛物线解析式通常可利用两种方法:一是求出原抛物线上任意两点平移后的坐标,利用待定系数法求出解析式;二是只考虑平移后的顶点坐标,即可求出解析式.6.(4分)如图,已知▱ABCD的两条对角线AC与BD交于平面直角坐标系的原点,点A 的坐标为(﹣2,3),则点C的坐标为()A.(﹣3,2)B.(﹣2,﹣3)C.(3,﹣2)D.(2,﹣3)【分析】根据平行四边形是中心对称的特点可知,点A与点C关于原点对称,所以C的坐标为(2,﹣3).【解答】解:∵在平行四边形ABCD中,A点与C点关于原点对称∴C点坐标为(2,﹣3).故选:D.【点评】主要考查了平行四边形的性质和坐标与图形的关系.要会根据平行四边形的性质得到点A与点C关于原点对称的特点,是解题的关键.7.(4分)如图,点C在上,点D在半径OA上,则下列结论正确的是()A.∠DCB+∠O=180°B.∠ACB+∠O=180°C.∠ACB+∠O=180°D.∠CAO+∠CBO=180°【分析】首先在优弧AB上取点E,连接AE,BE,利用圆周角定理与圆的内接四边形的性质,即可求得答案.【解答】解:在优弧AB上取点E,连接AE,BE,∵∠E=∠O=90°,∠ACB+∠E=180°,∴∠ACB+∠O=180°.故B正确,A,C,D错误.故选:B.【点评】此题考查了圆周角定理以及圆的内接四边形的性质.注意准确作出辅助线是解此题的关键.8.(4分)二次函数y=ax2+bx+c的x,y的部分对应值如表所示,则下列判断不正确的是()x﹣2﹣1012y﹣2.50 1.52 1.5A.当x<0时,y随x的增大而增大B.对称轴是直线x=1C.当x=4时,y=﹣2D.方程ax2+bx+c=0有一个根是3【分析】求出二次函数y=ax2+bx+c的解析式为y=﹣x2+x+=﹣(x﹣1)2+2,得出对称轴为直线x=1,选项B不符合题意;得出x<1时,y随x的增大而增大,选项A 不符合题意;当x=4时,y=﹣2.5,选项C符合题意;由抛物线的对称性得出x=﹣1时,x=3时,y=0,选项D不符合题意;即可得出结论.【解答】解:由题意得:,解得:,∴二次函数y=ax2+bx+c的解析式为y=﹣x2+x+=﹣(x﹣1)2+2,∴对称轴为直线x=1,选项B不符合题意;∴x<1时,y随x的增大而增大,∴x<0时,y随x的增大而增大,选项A不符合题意;当x=4时,y=﹣2.5,选项C符合题意;∵x=﹣1时,y=0,对称轴为x=1,∴x=3时,y=0,选项D不符合题意;故选:C.【点评】本题考查了二次函数的性质、抛物线与x轴的交点等知识.熟练掌握二次函数图象的性质是解题的关键.9.(4分)两年前生产1吨甲种药品的成本是5000元.随着生产技术的进步,成本逐年下降,第2年的年下降率是第1年的年下降率的2倍,现在生产1吨甲种药品成本是2400元.为求第一年的年下降率,假设第一年的年下降率为x,则可列方程()A.5000(1﹣x﹣2x)=2400B.5000(1﹣x)2=2400C.5000﹣x﹣2x=2400D.5000(1﹣x)(1﹣2x)=2400【分析】若这种药品的第一年平均下降率为x,则第二年的年下降率为2x,根据两年前生产1吨某药品的成本是5000元,随着生产技术的进步,现在生产1吨药品的成本是2400元可列方程.【解答】解:设这种药品的年平均下降率为x,则第二年的年下降率为2x,根据题意得:5000(1﹣x)(1﹣2x)=2400.【点评】本题考查增长率问题,发生了两年变化,知道两年前为5000,两年后为2400,设出下降率即可列出方程.10.(4分)如图,⊙P与x轴交于点A(﹣5,0),B(1,0),与y轴的正半轴交于点C.若∠ACB=60°,则点C的纵坐标为()A.+B.2+C.4D.2+2【分析】连接P A,PB,PC,过P作PD⊥AB于D,PE⊥OC于E,根据圆周角定理得到∠APB=120°,根据等腰三角形的性质得到∠P AB=∠PBA=30°,由垂径定理得到AD =BD=3,解直角三角形得到PD=,P A=PB=PC=2,根据勾股定理得到CE===2,于是得到结论.【解答】解:连接P A,PB,PC,过P作PD⊥AB于D,PE⊥OC于E,∵∠ACB=60°,∴∠APB=120°,∵P A=PB,∴∠P AB=∠PBA=30°,∵A(﹣5,0),B(1,0),∴AB=6,∴AD=BD=3,∴PD=,P A=PB=PC=2,∵PD⊥AB,PE⊥OC,∠AOC=90°,∴四边形PEOD是矩形,∴OE=PD=,PE=OD=2,∴CE===2,∴OC=CE+OE=2+,∴点C的纵坐标为2+,【点评】本题考查了圆周角定理,坐标与图形性质,垂径定理,勾股定理,正确的作出辅助线是解题的关键.二、填空题:(本大题共6小题,每小题4分,共24分.把答案填在答题卡的相应位置)11.(4分)如果方程2x2+kx﹣6=0的一个根是﹣3,则k=4.【分析】方程的根即方程的解,就是能使方程左右两边相等的未知数的值,把x=﹣3代入方程,即可得到一个关于k的方程,从而求得k的值.【解答】解:根据题意,得2×(﹣3)2﹣3k﹣6=0,解得,k=4;故答案是:4.【点评】本题考查了一元二次方程的解.正确理解方程的解的定义是解题的关键.12.(4分)如图,在平面直角坐标系中,点A,B的坐标分别是A(3,0),B(0,4),把线段AB绕点A旋转后得到线段AB′,使点B的对应点B′落在x轴的正半轴上,则点B′的坐标是(8,0).【分析】利用勾股定理求出AB即可解决问题.【解答】解:∵A(3,0),B(0,4),∴OA=3,OB=4,∵∠AOB=90°,∴AB==5,∴OB′=8,∴B′(8,0),故答案为(8,0).【点评】本题考查坐标与图形变化﹣旋转等知识,解题的关键是灵活运用所学知识解决问题,属于中考常考题型.13.(4分)我国南宋数学家杨辉在1275年提出了一个问题:直田积(矩形面积)八百六十四步(平方步),只云阔(宽)不及长一十二步(宽比长少一十二步).问阔及长各几步?若设阔(宽)为x步,则所列方程为x(x+12)=864.【分析】利用长乘以宽=864,进而得出答案.【解答】解:设阔(宽)为x步,则所列方程为:x(x+12)=864.故答案为:x(x+12)=864.【点评】此题主要考查了由实际问题抽象出一元一次方程,正确表示出矩形的长是解题关键.14.(4分)在平面直角坐标系xOy中,已知A(3,0),B(2,﹣2),将线段OA绕点O逆时针旋转,设旋转角为α(0°<α<135°).记点A的对应点为A1,若点A1与点B的距离为,则α=45°.【分析】利用勾股定理的逆定理证明∠A1OB=90°即可解决问题.【解答】解:如图,∵A(3,0),B(2,﹣2),∴OA=OA1=2,OB=2,∵BA1=,∴OA12+OB2=BA12,∴∠A1OB=90°,∴∠A1OA=45°,∴α=90°﹣45°=45°,故答案为45°【点评】本题考查坐标与图形的性质,勾股定理以及逆定理等知识,解题的关键是熟练掌握基本知识,属于中考常考题型.15.(4分)如图,是抛物线y1=ax2+bx+c(a≠0)的图象的一部分,抛物线的顶点坐标是A (1,n),与x轴的一个交点B(4,0),直线y2=mx+d(m≠0)与抛物线交于A,B两点,下列结论:①3a+b=0,②方程ax2+bx+c+1=n有两个相等的实数根,③b2=4a(c﹣n),④当1<x<4时,有y2>y1,⑤ax2+bx≤a+b,其中正确的结论是③⑤(只填写序号).【分析】利用抛物线的对称轴方程得到b=﹣2a,则3a+b=a<0,于是可对①进行判断;结合图象,利用抛物线y=ax2+bx+c与直线y=n﹣1有两个公共点,可对②进行判断;利用直线y=n与抛物线只有一个公共点(1,n)可判断方程ax2+bx+c=n有两个相等的实数根,所以b2﹣4a(c﹣n)=0,则可对③进行判断;利用函数图象可对④进行判断;根据二次函数的最值问题可对⑤进行判断.【解答】解:∵抛物线的对称轴为直线x=﹣=1,∴b=﹣2a,∴3a+b=3a﹣2a=a<0,所以①错误;∵抛物线的顶点为(1,n),∴抛物线y=ax2+bx+c与直线y=n﹣1有两个公共点,∴方程ax2+bx+c+1=n有两个不相等的实数根,所以②错误;∵直线y=n与抛物线只有一个公共点(1,n),∴方程ax2+bx+c=n有两个相等的实数根,∴b2﹣4a(c﹣n)=0,即b2=4a(c﹣n),所以③正确;∵抛物线与直线y2=mx+d(m≠0)与抛物线交于A(1,n),B(4,0),∴当1<x<4时,有y1>y2,所以④错误;∵抛物线的顶点坐标为(1,n),∴当x=1时,函数值最大,最大值为a+b+c,∴ax2+bx+c≤a+b+c,即ax2+bx≤a+b,所以⑤正确.故答案为③⑤.【点评】本题考查了二次函数与不等式(组):对于二次函数y=ax2+bx+c(a、b、c是常数,a≠0)与不等式的关系,函数值y与某个数值m之间的不等关系,一般要转化成关于x的不等式,解不等式求得自变量x的取值范围,或利用两个函数图象在直角坐标系中的上下位置关系求自变量的取值范围,也可作图利用交点直观求解,也可把两个函数解析式列成不等式求解.也考查了二次函数的性质.16.(4分)如图,AB为半圆O的直径,直线CE与半圆O相切于点C,点D是的中点,CB=6,四边形ABCD的面积为3AC,则圆心O到直线CE的距离是6﹣3.【分析】连接OD交AC于H,连接OC,根据垂径定理得到OD⊥AC,AH=HC,根据三角形中位线定理求出OH,根据三角形的面积公式求出DH,得到OD的长,根据切线的性质得到OC⊥EC,得到答案.【解答】解:连接OD交AC于H,连接OC,∵=,∴OD⊥AC,∴AH=HC,∵OA=OB,∴OH=BC=3,∵S四边形ABCD=S△ADC+S△ABC,∴•AC•DH+•AC•BC=3AC,∴DH+6=6,∴DH=6﹣6,∴OD=DH+OH=6﹣3,∵EC是切线,∴OC⊥EC,∴圆心O到直线CE的距离为6﹣3,故答案为:6﹣3.【点评】本题考查切线的性质、三角形的面积、三角形中位线定理,掌握圆的切线垂直于经过切点的半径是解题的关键.三、解答题:(本大题共9小题,共86分.解答应写出文字说明,证明过程或演算步骤)17.(8分)解方程(1)x2+6x=0(2)x2﹣4x﹣3=0【分析】(1)利用因式分解法求解可得;(2)利用配方法求解可得.【解答】解:(1)∵x2+6x=0,∴x(x+6)=0,则x=0或x+6=0,解得x=0或x=﹣6;(2)∵x2﹣4x=3,∴x2﹣4x+4=3+4,即(x﹣2)2=7,解得x﹣2=±,∴x=2+或x=2﹣.【点评】本题主要考查解一元二次方程的能力,熟练掌握解一元二次方程的几种常用方法:直接开平方法、因式分解法、公式法、配方法,结合方程的特点选择合适、简便的方法是解题的关键.18.(8分)已知二次函数y=x2+k的图象经过点(﹣2,3)(1)求二次函数的解析式;(2)画出此二次函数的图象.【分析】(1)把已知点的坐标代入入y=x2+k中求出即可得到抛物线解析式;(2)利用描点法画图.【解答】解:(1)把(﹣2,3)代入y=x2+k得4+k=3,解得k=1,所以二次函数的解析式为y=x2﹣1;(2)抛物线y=x2﹣1的顶点坐标为(0,﹣1),当y=0时,x2﹣1=0,解得x1=1,x2=﹣1,则抛物线与x轴的交点坐标为(﹣1,0),(1,0),如图,【点评】本题考查了用待定系数法求二次函数的解析式:在利用待定系数法求二次函数关系式时,要根据题目给定的条件,选择恰当的方法设出关系式,从而代入数值求解.19.(7分)每个小方格都是边长为1个单位长度的正方形,在建立平面直角坐标系后,△ABC的顶点均在格点上,①写出A、B、C的坐标.②以原点O为对称中心,画出△ABC关于原点O对称的△A1B1C1,并写出A1、B1、C1.【分析】①根据各点所在的象限,对应的横坐标、纵坐标,分别写出点的坐标;②首先根据关于原点对称的点的坐标特点:两个点关于原点对称时,它们的坐标符号相反得到A、B、C的对称点坐标,再顺次连接即可.【解答】解:①A(1,﹣4),B(5,﹣4),C(4,﹣1);②A1(﹣1,4),B1(﹣5,4),C1(﹣4,1),如图所示:【点评】此题主要考查了点的坐标,以及关于原点对称的点的坐标,关键是掌握关于原点对称的点的坐标特点:两个点关于原点对称时,它们的坐标符号相反.20.(8分)如图,点A、B、C都在圆O上,OC⊥OB,点A在劣弧上,且OA=AB,求∠ABC的度数.【分析】根据等边三角形的判定和性质,再利用圆周角定理解答即可.【解答】解:∵OA=OB,OA=AB,∴OA=OB=AB,即△OAB是等边三角形,∴∠AOB=60°,∵OC⊥OB,∴∠COB=90°,∴∠COA=90°﹣60°=30°,∴∠ABC=15°,【点评】本题考查的是圆周角定理,熟知在同圆或等圆中,同弧或等弧所对的圆周角相等,都等于这条弧所对的圆心角的一半是解答此题的关键.21.(9分)我市高新区某企业接到一批产品的生产任务,按要求必须在14天内完成.已知每件产品的售价为60元.工人甲第x天生产的产品数量为y件,y与x满足如下关系:y =(1)工人甲第几天生产的产品数量为60件?(2)设第x天生产的产品成本为P元/件,P与x的函数关系图象如图,工人甲第x天创造的利润为W元,求W与x的函数关系式,第几天时,利润最大,最大利润是多少?【分析】(1)根据y=60求得x即可;(2)先根据函数图象求得P关于x的函数解析式,再结合x的范围分类讨论,根据“总利润=单件利润×销售量”列出函数解析式,由二次函数的性质求得最值即可.【解答】解:(1)根据题意,得:∵若8x=60,得:x=>4,不符合题意;∴5x+10=60,解得:x=10,答:工人甲第10天生产的产品数量为60件;(2)由函数图象知,当0≤x≤4时,P=40,当4<x≤14时,设P=kx+b,将(4,40)、(14,50)代入,得:,解得:,∴P=x+36;①当0≤x≤4时,W=(60﹣40)•8x=160x,∵W随x的增大而增大,∴当x=4时,W最大=640元;②当4<x≤14时,W=(60﹣x﹣36)(5x+10)=﹣5x2+110x+240=﹣5(x﹣11)2+845,∴当x=11时,W最大=845,∵845>600,∴当x=11时,W取得最大值,845元,答:第11天时,利润最大,最大利润是845元.【点评】本题考查一次函数的应用、二次函数的应用,解题的关键是理解题意,记住利润=出厂价﹣成本,学会利用函数的性质解决最值问题.22.(10分)如图,四边形ABCD内接于⊙O,∠BAD=90°,AD、BC的延长线交于点F,点E在CF上,且∠DEC=∠BAC.(1)求证:DE是⊙O的切线;(2)若AB=AC,CE=10,EF=14,求CD.【分析】(1)先判断出BD是圆O的直径,再判断出BD⊥DE,即可得出结论;(2)根据余角的性质和等腰三角形的性质得到∠F=∠EDF,根据等腰三角形的性质得到DE=EF=14,根据勾股定理得到CD.【解答】解:(1)如图,连接BD,∵∠BAD=90°,∴点O必在BD上,即:BD是直径,∴∠BCD=90°,∴∠DEC+∠CDE=90°,∵∠DEC=∠BAC,∴∠BAC+∠CDE=90°,∵∠BAC=∠BDC,∴∠BDC+∠CDE=90°,∴∠BDE=90°,即:BD⊥DE,∵点D在⊙O上,∴DE是⊙O的切线;(2)∵∠BAF=∠BDE=90°,∴∠F+∠ABC=∠FDE+∠ADB=90°,∵AB=AC,∴∠ABC=∠ACB,∵∠ADB=∠ACB,∴∠F=∠EDF,∴DE=EF=14,∵CE=10,∠BCD=90°,∴∠DCE=90°,∴CD==4.【点评】此题主要考查了圆周角定理,切线的判定和性质,勾股定理,判断出BD⊥DE 是解本题的关键.23.(10分)我们可以通过下列步骤估计方程x2﹣2x﹣2=0方程的根所在的范围.第一步:画出函数y=x2﹣2x﹣2=0的图象,发现函数图象是一条连续不断的曲线,且与x轴的一个交点的横坐标在0,﹣1之间.第二步:因为当x=0时,y=﹣2<0,当x=﹣1时,y=1>0,所以可确定方程x2﹣2x﹣2=0的一个根x1所在的范围是﹣1<x1<0第三步:通过取0和﹣1的平均数缩小x1所在的范围:取x=,因为当x=时,y<0.又因为当x=﹣1时,y>0,所以(1)请仿照第二步,通过运算验证方程x2﹣2x﹣2=0的另一个根x2所在的范围是2<x2<3.(2)在2<x2<3的基础上,重复应用第三步中取平均数的方法,将x2所在的范围缩小至a<x2<b,使得.【分析】(1)计算x=﹣2和x=﹣1时,y的值,确定其x2所在范围是﹣2<x2<﹣1;(2)先根据第三步2和3的平均数确定x=2.5,计算x=2.5时y的值,得以2.5<x2<3,同理再求2.5和3的平均数为2.75,计算x=2.75时y的值,从而得结论.【解答】解:(1)因为当x=2时,y=﹣2<0,当x=3时,y=1>0,所以可确定方程x2﹣2x﹣2=0的一个根x2所在的范围是2<x2<3;(2)取x==2.5,因为当x=2.5时,y<0.又因为当x=3时,y>0,所以2.5<x2<3,取x==2.75,因为当x=2.75时,y>0.又因为当x=2.5时,y<0,所以2.5<x2<2.75,因为2.75﹣2.5=.取x==2.625,因为当x=2.625时,y<0.又因为当x=2.75时,y>0,所以2.625<x2<2.75,因为2.75﹣2.625=<,所以2.625<x2<2.75即为所求x2的范围【点评】本题为阅读理解题,主要考查利用图象法求一元二次方程的近似值、二次函数图象上的点的坐标等知识的综合应用.在解题时注意对题目中所给知识的正确理解,考查了阅读所给材料的理解和运用的能力,运用类比的方法,有一定的难度,注意数形结合、24.(12分)如图,矩形ABCD中,AB=8,BC=6,将此矩形绕点B顺时针方向旋转θ(0<θ<180°)得到矩形A1BC1D1,直线BA1、C1D1分别与直线CD相交于点E、F.(1)若此矩形绕点B顺时针方向旋转90°,求DD1的长.(2)在旋转过程中,点D、A1、D1三点共线时,求△BCE的面积.(3)在矩形ABCD旋转的过程中,是否存在某个位置使得以B、E、F、D1为顶点的四边形为平行四边形?若存在,求出CF的长;若不存在,请说明理由.【分析】(1)如图1中,延长DC交C1D1于H.求出DH,HD1,利用勾股定理即可解决问题.(2)如图2中,连接BD.利用全等三角形的性质证明ED=EB,设ED=EB=x,在Rt △BEC中,利用勾股定理构建方程求出x即可解决问题.(3)如图3中,存在.求出EC,EF即可.【解答】解:(1)如图1中,延长DC交C1D1于H.∵四边形ABCD,四边形A1BC1D1是矩形,∴∠A=∠ADH=∠AC1H=90°,∴四边形ADHC1是矩形,∴DH=AC=8+6=14,HC1=AD=6,∠DHC1=∠DHD1=90°∴HD1=8﹣6=2,∴DD1===10.(2)如图2中,连接BD.∵∠DA1B=∠DCB=90°.BD=DB,BA1=DC,∴△BDA1≌△DBC(HL),∴∠DBA1=∠BDC,∴ED=EB,设DE=BE=x,在Rt△BCE中,∵BE2=EC2+BC2,∴x2=(8﹣x)2+62,∴x=,∴EC=8﹣=,∴S△BEC=•BC•EC=×6×=.(3)如图3中,存在.∵四边形BD1FE是平行四边形,∴EF=BD1==10,∵EC∥BD1,∴∠CEB=∠A1BD1,∴tan∠CEB=tan∠EBD1,∴=,∴=,∴EC=8,∴CF=EC+EF=8=10=18.【点评】本题属于几何变换综合题,考查了矩形的性质,全等三角形的判定和性质,解直角三角形等知识,解题的关键是理解题意,灵活运用所学知识解决问题,属于中考常考题型.25.(14分)在平面直角坐标系中,点A(1,0),已知抛物线y=x2+mx﹣2m(m是常数),顶点为P.(1)当抛物线经过点A时,①求顶点P的坐标;②设直线l:y=3x+1与抛物线交于B、C两点,抛物线上的点M的横坐标为n(﹣1≤n ≤3),过点M作x轴的垂线,与直线l交于点Q,若MQ=d,当d随n的增大而减少时,求n的取值范围.(2)无论m取何值,该抛物线都经过定点H,当∠AHP=45°时,求抛物线的解析式.【分析】(1)①将点A的坐标代入抛物线表达式并解得:抛物线的表达式为:y=x2+x ﹣2,点P(﹣,﹣);②M的横坐标为n(﹣1≤n≤3)时,图象对应的是BC之间的部分,d=QM=3n+1﹣n2﹣n+2=﹣n2+2n+3,函数的对称轴为:n=1,即可求解;(2)由点A、H的坐标知,AH=,tanα=4;点P存在在AH左右两侧的情况,分别求解即可.【解答】解:(1)①将点A的坐标代入抛物线表达式并解得:抛物线的表达式为:y=x2+x ﹣2,点P(﹣,﹣);②函数图象如下图1所示,联立抛物线与直线表达式并解得:x=﹣1或3,即点B、C的坐标分别为:(﹣1,﹣2)、(3,10),故M的横坐标为n(﹣1≤n≤3)时,图象对应的是BC之间的部分,设点M(n,n2+n﹣2),点Q(n,3n+1),d=QM=3n+1﹣n2﹣n+2=﹣n2+2n+3,函数的对称轴为:n=1,当d随n的增大而减少,n≥1,而﹣1≤n≤3,故1≤n≤3.(2)点P的坐标为:(﹣m,﹣m2﹣2m),由点A、H的坐标知,AH=,tanα=4;点P存在在AH左右两侧的情况,如图2所示;①当点P在AH右侧时,如图2左侧图,过点M作MR⊥AH于点R,∠AHP=45°,tanα=4,设:RM=4x=RH,则AR=x,则AH=AR+RH=5x=,解得:x=,则AM=x=,则点M(,0);由H、M的坐标得直线HM的表达式为:y=﹣x+,将点P的坐标代入上式并整理得:3m2+34m+88=0,解得:m=﹣4或﹣;②当点P在AH左侧时,如图2右侧图,同理可得:点M(﹣,0),则直线HM的表达式为:y=x+,将点P的坐标代入上式并整理得:5m2+34m+56=0,解得:m=﹣4或﹣;综上,抛物线的表达式为:y=x2﹣4x+8或y=x2﹣x+或y=x2﹣x+.【点评】本题考查的是二次函数综合运用,涉及到一次函数的性质、解直角三角形等,其中(2),要注意分类求解,避免遗漏.。

十一中初三

十一中初三

2019-2020学年厦门市第十一中学九年级第一学期期中教学质量检测英语(试卷满分:150分;考试时间:120分钟;命题人:谢永泉;审核人:林真)本卷八大题,91小题,试卷共11页。

本试卷分为两大部分,第一部分(1-65小题)为选择题,考生将答案用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡上;第二部分为非选择题,请考生将答案用0.5毫米的黑色签字笔书写在答题卡上。

第一部分(选择题)I.听力测试(共三节,20小题,每小题1.5分,满分30分)第一节. 听句子,听下面五个句子,从每小题所给的三幅图中选出与句子内容相符的选项。

每个句子读两遍。

第二节. 听对话,听下面七段对话,从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出正确答案。

每段对话读两遍。

听第一段对话,回答第6小题。

6. What date is it probably today?A. June 1.B. September 10.C. October 1.听第二段对话,回答第7小题。

7. What does Lucy look like now?A. She has short curly hair.B. She has long straight hair.C. She has short straight hair. 听第三段对话,回答第8小题。

8. What is the model plane made of?A. Steel.B. Paper.C. Wood.听第四段对话,回答第9小题。

9. Where does the woman want to go?A. To a library.B. To a bookstore.C. To a bank.听第五段对话,回答第10、11小题。

10. What did Mr. Wilson want the man to do?A. Give a talk to the students.B. Stop making trouble.C. Improve all his subjects.11. What is the man most probably?A. An English teacher.B. A football player.C. A student.听第六段对话,回答第12、13小题。

2019-2020学年厦门市第十一中学高三生物上学期期中考试试卷及参考答案

2019-2020学年厦门市第十一中学高三生物上学期期中考试试卷及参考答案

2019-2020学年厦门市第十一中学高三生物上学期期中考试试卷及参考答案一、选择题:本题共15小题,每小题2分,共30分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。

1. 真核细胞中蛋白质的主要作用是()①构成染色体①构成“膜结构”①主要的能源物质①组成多种酶①组成各种激素①调节细胞代谢①组成维生素①储存遗传信息A.①①①①B.①①①①C.①①①①D.①①①①2. 下图是用显微镜观察植物细胞实验中的两个视野,要把视野中的物像从甲图转为乙图,下列操作步骤正确的排序是①转动细准焦螺旋①转动粗准焦螺旋①移动装片①调节光圈(或转换反光镜)①转动转换器A. ①→①→①→①B. ①→①→①→①C. ①→①→①→①D. ①→①→①→①3. 豌豆叶肉细胞中的核酸,含有的碱基种类是()A.1种B.5种C.4种D.8种4. 人体在剧烈运动、大量出汗后,因口渴而大量饮水。

关于此间发生的内环境变化及调节过程,下列推断正确的是()A.饮水后血浆渗透压下降、渗透压感受器抑制、抗利尿激素增加B.出汗时体温增高、冷觉感受器抑制、促甲状腺激素释放激素减少C.出汗后体温下降、热觉感受器兴奋、促甲状腺激素释放激素增加D.口渴时血浆渗透压增高、抗利尿激素含量增加、大脑皮层渴觉中枢兴奋5. 下列相关叙述正确的是()A.用台盼蓝染色,能被染成蓝色的细胞为活细胞B.高倍显微镜观察黑藻叶绿体时,可见叶绿体具有双层膜C.叶绿体是植物细胞的养料制造车间和能量转换站,其内膜向内折叠扩大膜面积为多种酶提供了大量的附着位点D.将甲牛的体细胞核注入到母牛乙去核的卵细胞中,融合后的细胞经卵裂形成早期胚胎,将胚胎植入母牛丙的子宫内,出生的小牛性别与甲牛相同6. 下图为一只果蝇两条染色体上部分基因分布示意图。

下列说法错误的是()A.在有丝分裂后期,基因cn、cl、v、w会出现在细胞的同一极B.在减数第二次分裂后期,基因cn、cl、v、w可出现在细胞的同一极C.图中控制眼睛颜色的基因互为等位基因D.在有丝分裂中期,X染色体和常染色体的着丝点都排列在赤道板上7. 下列各项是关于酶的叙述,其中正确的一项是:()①酶是活细胞产生的①酶都有消化功能①酶的本质是蛋白质、蛋白质都是酶①酶能在生物体外起作用①酶促反应与外界条件无关①淀粉酶能促进淀粉水解①萨姆纳从刀豆种子中提取出了脲酶,并证明其为蛋白质A.①①①B.①①①①C.①①①①①D.①①①①8. 下列对细胞内生物膜在结构上具有一定流动性的叙述中,错误的是()A.内质网通过“出芽”形成囊泡,囊泡与高尔基体膜融合B.细胞质中囊泡与核糖体膜融合C.细胞膜向内凹陷形成囊泡,离开细胞膜回到细胞质中融合D.高尔基体膜突出形成囊泡,离开高尔基体膜与细胞膜融合9. 流感病毒包膜中有一类血凝素刺突,是一种糖蛋白,可以与宿主细胞膜上的受体相结合,在病毒侵入宿主细胞的过程中扮演重要角色。

2019-2020学年厦门市第十一中学高三生物上学期期中考试试卷及答案解析

2019-2020学年厦门市第十一中学高三生物上学期期中考试试卷及答案解析

2019-2020学年厦门市第十一中学高三生物上学期期中考试试卷及答案解析一、选择题:本题共15小题,每小题2分,共30分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。

1. 下列关于遗传、变异与进化的叙述,正确的是()A. 人体体细胞发生的基因突变属于不可遗传的变异B. 染色体上的基因缺失或重复可导致基因突变C. 新物种的形成一定发生了进化D. 自然选择直接作用于基因型,能决定生物进化方向2. 当体表痛和内脏痛共用一个中间神经元时(如下图),神经中枢无法判断刺激究竟来自内脏还是体表,但由于神经中枢更习惯于识别体表的信息,常将内脏痛误认为是体表痛,这种现象称为牵涉痛。

下列有关叙述正确的是()A.图中a、b、c组成一个完整的反射弧B.在牵涉痛形成过程中a没有发生兴奋C.牵涉痛产生过程中兴奋在a、b之间双向传递D.牵涉痛为条件反射,神经中枢位于大脑皮层3. CLAC通道是细胞应对内质网钙超载的保护机制,该通道依赖的TMCO1是内质网跨膜蛋白,这种膜蛋白可以感知内质网中过高的钙浓度并形成具有钙离子通道活性的四聚体,主动将内质网中过多的钙离子排出,当内质网中的钙浓度恢复到正常水平后四聚体解聚,钙通道活性消失。

下列说法错误的是()A.TMC01基因缺陷的细胞可能会出现内质网中钙离子浓度异常B. 内质网内钙离子浓度的调节存在反馈调节机制C. 用3H标记合成TMC01的氨基酸,放射性会依次出现在核糖体、内质网、高尔基体中D. 钙离子可作为内质网中钙离子浓度调节的信号分子4. 人体内的细胞毒性T细胞(Tc)能直接攻击和杀伤其他细胞,辅助性T细胞(Th)能直接刺激已经结合了抗原的细胞毒性T细胞和B细胞的增殖;Tc能发挥作用依赖于细胞膜表面所具有的糖蛋白CD8识别。

下列叙述错误的是()A.Th是由造血干细胞发育而成,并在胸腺中成熟的B. 若人体内出现癌细胞,则依赖于Tc发挥作用,予以清除C. 如果编码CD8的基因不能正常表达,可能出现自身免疫病D.Th细胞、B细胞、Tc细胞都属于淋巴细胞5. 下图中①~①表示一个细胞有丝分裂过程中染色体变化的不同情况,在整个细胞周期中染色体变化的顺序应该是A. ①①①①①B. ①①①①①C. ①①①①①D. ①①①①①6. 我们在初中学过有关病毒的知识,下列各项不属于病毒特点的是()A. 它是一种生物B. 不能独立生活C. 具有细胞结构D. 由蛋白质组成的衣壳和核酸组成7. 下图某反射弧结构的模式图,其中乙表示神经中枢,甲、丙未知。

2019-2020学年厦门市第十一中学高三英语上学期期中考试试卷及答案解析

2019-2020学年厦门市第十一中学高三英语上学期期中考试试卷及答案解析

2019-2020学年厦门市第十一中学高三英语上学期期中考试试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项APersonal Time Off(PTO)is something my wife and I created after having kids. We learned that,over time,a full life can leave little time for personal rest and for reflection,hanging out with friends,or just being“off. ”So,after a number of years,we make a change. If I can persuade you to take your own PTO,then these might help.■Schedule itFirst of all,one of our favorite family sayings is“schedule it. ”Sounds easy enough,but life gets complicated managing full-time work and full-time family. Put yourPTO time on the calendar and you make it a real thing.■Be flexible and strictIf you can schedule PTO at the same time each week,then all the better. Because our calendar can get rather full,flexibility in scheduling becomes a necessity. But being strict in actually taking the time each week is more important. Skipping it once makes it easier to skip again.■Take enough timeMy typical PTO lasts a couple of hours or longer. Sometimes it might be half the day depending on what I’m doing. The goal is to spend enough time away to1et your shoulders drop.■Do what you want to doRemember,PTO time is about personal time to do what you want to do,not what you have to do. PTO time is about relaxation. Grab a friend and get a beer. Work can wait until tomorrow.1.What can be the first step to take the PTO?A.Persuade the family.B.Have a personal rest.C.Ask friends for advice.D.Make a time plan.2.What does the underlined part“let your shoulders drop”probably mean?A.Get you more focused.B.Have you feel relaxed.C.Shake your shoulders often.D.Make you feel more stressed.3.What does the text mainly talk about?A.Tips on how to take your time offB.Skills to manage work and familyC.Advice on how to free yourselfD.Ways of scheduling your workBAt any moment, about half the world’s population is wearing denim(牛仔布)clothes. But few realize tiny bits of denim have been adding up to a surprising amount of pollution in water, as a new study shows.Sam Athey, one of the study’s authors, says, “Even though denim is made of a natural material—cotton, it contains chemicals.” Cotton fibers were treated with many types of chemicals, she notes. Some improve its durability and feel. Others give denim its distinctive blue color1 .Athey and her team washed jeans and found that about 50,000 microfibers came off from each pair per wash. Not all of those fibers make their way into the environment. Wastewater treatment plants catch about 83 to 99 percent ofthem. Catching 99 percent may sound pretty good. But one percent of 50,000 is still 500 fibers per wash. And since every pair of jeans is washed again and again, it still adds up to lots of microfibers entering the water environment.Denim microfibers showed up in sediment(沉淀物)from the Great Lakes. More of these fibers polluted a series of shallow lakesin southern Ontario. They even turned up in sediment from the Arctic Ocean in northern Canada. The team found denim accounted for 12 to 23 percent of microfibers in the sediment. There were other microfibers too. But the team focused on denim because so many people wear jeans.“Everyone wears jeans so they could be our largest input of microfibers into our streams and soils,” Athey says. “An easy way to limit that is by washing our jeans less often.” Athey grew up thinking she should wash her jeans after wearing them every couple of times, but most jean companies recommend washing them no more than once a month. “The solution is not that you shouldn’t wear jeans,” she says. “We need to buy fewer denim clothes and only wash them when they truly need it.”4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Chemicals are contained in natural cotton.B. Chemicals can make denim color1 ful.C. Chemicals prevent fibers from falling.D. Chemicals can make the life of denim longer.5. What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. Denim.B. Sediment.C. Microfibers.D. Chemicals.6. What does the author mainly want to tell us through Athey’s words ?A. To avoid wearing jeans.B. To reduce denim consumption.C. To wash jeans more often.D. To limit input in denim production.7. In which section of a magazine might the text be found?A. Science.B. Entertainment.C. Tourism.D. Geography.CIf you ever find yourself trapped in the wilderness without food, you'llhave to figure out how to feed yourself. Many plants in the wild areedible, but many are also poisonous. So it is necessary to learn how to determine whether the plants you find can be eaten safely.Avoid using this method without careful planning. Some plants can be deadly, and even if you follow these guidelines perfectly, there is always a chance that a plant will make you seriously ill. Prepare yourself for wilderness outings by learning about the local plants, and carry a guidebook to help you identify plants. Even if you are unprepared and cannot find food you know to be safe, remember that, depending on your activity level, the human body can go for days without food, and you’re better off being hungry than being poisoned.Testing the plant in your mouth is dangerous, so go forward very slowly and carefully. First, hold a small portion of the prepared plant part against your lip for 3 minutes. Do not put the plant in your mouth. If you notice any burning, tingling (刺痛), or other reactions, discontinue testing. Second, place another small portion of the plant part on your tongue. Hold the plant on your tongue without chewing for 15 minutes. Discontinue testing if you notice any reaction. Third, chew the plant and holdit in your mouth for 15 minutes. Chew the plant well, and do not swallow. Discontinue testing if you notice any reaction. Fourth, swallow the small portion of the plant. Wait 8 hours. Do not eat or drink anything during this period except purified water. If you feel sick, immediately throw up what you eat and drink plenty of water. If activated charcoal (活性炭) is available, take that with the water.8. What’s the meaning of the underlined world “edible” in paragraph 1?A. Suitable for using as food.B. Widely spread.C. Existing in large quantities.D. Not widely known.9. What can we know from paragraph 2?A. Planning is unnecessary when using the method.B. Not all plants in the wild can serve as food generally.C. Suffering hunger can be more dangerous than testing plants.D. Following the method perfectly can ensure safety.10. Which is the correct order of testing plants in the mouth?① wait and see ② chew it in the mouth③ put it on the tongue④ put it against lips ⑤ swallow itA. ③④②①⑤B. ④③②①⑤C. ③④②⑤①D.④③②⑤①11. Where might the passage come from?A. A student’s diary.B. A science report.C. A guide book for camping.D. A doctor’ s notebook.DJennifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student to pursue her goal of earning a nursing degree. That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family to earn a bachelor's(学士) degree.Jennifer grew up on a farm in a family of 10 children. Her dad worked at a job away from the farm, and her mother ran the farm with the kids. After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition(学费), because there was no extra money set aside for a college education. After graduation, she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling.Jennifer now is married and has three children of her own. She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves: nursing. She chose the UW-Eau Claire program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home. She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids. Jennifer received great support from her family as she worked to earn her degree: Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills, and her 68-year-old mother helped take care of the children at times.Through it all, she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors. Jennifer sacrificed(牺牲) a lot to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study. “Some nights my heart was breaking to have to pick between my kids and studying for exams or papers,” she says. However, herchildren have learned animportant lesson, witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an inspiration to her family—and that's pretty powerful.12. What did Jennifer do after high school?A. She helped her dad with his work.B. She ran the family farm on her own.C. She taught her sisters and brothers.D. She supported herself through college.13. Why did she choose the program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital?A. To learn from the best nurses.B. To take care of her kids easily at night.C. To save money for her parents.D. To find a well-paid job there.14. What did Jennifer sacrifice to achieve her goal?A. Her health.B. Her chance of promotion.C Her reputation. D. Her time with family.15. What can we learn from Jennifer's story?A. Hard work pays off.B. Love breaks down barriers.C. Time is money.D. Education is the key to success.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年厦门市第十一中学高三英语期中考试试题及参考答案

2019-2020学年厦门市第十一中学高三英语期中考试试题及参考答案

2019-2020学年厦门市第十一中学高三英语期中考试试题及参考答案第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AFor some people, there’s no better companion than mans best friend-a dog. This four-legged pet can bring comfort and joy and provide much- needed exercise for you when it needs walkies! This probably explains why dog ownership increased last year because people spent more time at home during he CovID-I9 lockdown.However, as demand for a new dog increased, so did the price tag. Popular breeds, such as Cockapoos and Cocker Spaniels, saw even sharper price increases, and puppies have been selling for $3,000 or more.Animal welfare charities fearthat high prices could encourage puppy farming, smuggling (走私) or dog theft. An investigation found some breeders have been selling puppies and kittens on social media sites--something charities have called “extremely irresponsible”.But despite some new owners purchasing a dog legally, maybe from a rescue center or registered breeder, they’ve proved to be ill-prepared for life with a new pet, and the pet itself has found it hard tocome to terms withlife in a new home.Looking to the future, there are concerns about the welfare of these much-loved pets. Lan Alkin manager of the Oxfordshire Animal Sanct uary in the UK, notes: “At the moment, the dogs are having a great time, but separation anxiety could still surface when people go back to work.” And Cliare Calder from the UKs Dogs Trust rescue charity says, “The economic situation also means that some people may find they can’t afford to look aftera dog.” The message is not to buy a dog in haste and to pick one that fits into our lifestyle.1. The greater demand for dogs can cause the following problems except ________.A. illegal trade of dogsB. less dog farmingC. high prices of dogsD. online sale of dogs2. What does the underlined phrase"come to terms with"in paragraph 4 mean?A. Fit in withB. Go in forC. Make up for.D. End up with3. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. Despite the problems, dogs are living happily.B. The writer has a positive attitude towards dogs future.C. Experts are worried that dogs will be unaffordable to people.D. The writer advises people to think twice before keeping dogs as pets.BThere are 8.8 million blind people in India. In fact, there are 36 million blind people worldwide and a quarter of them are in India; however, many cases of blindness in India are curable. The poor in India have limited access to primary eye healthcare and often do not eat foods rich in micronutrients, like vitamins and minerals, which play an important role in maintaining good eye health.Many people worldwide are not even aware that they may have a vision (视力) problem simply because they do not get their eyes tested every year with a doctor, who tests for the functioning of the eye muscles (肌肉), as well as common diseases like night blindness. This exam is strongly recommended by experts because some changes in vision, which the patient may take longer to notice, can be found easily in this way.Certain simple changes in diet and lifestyle can ensure better eye health for you. These include drinking plenty-of water, not smoking, and eating brightly color1 ed and leafy fruit and vegetables. Wearing sunglasses protects your eyes from the sun, which damages otherwise healthy eyes. Learn about your family's eye disease history, and be on the lookout for any problem about your vision. Make sure that you see a doctor immediately for early intervention(干预) if you see any of these signs of worsening eye health.If you or a loved one needs to cure blindness or other eye diseases, turn to a crowdfunding (众筹) platform. A group of eye health caregivers have fundraised with crowdfunding platform ImpactGuru to raise money to perform operations on the eyes of blind women in south Asia. Running an online fundraiser enables both doctors and patients to find a way out of the dark. If you want eye care to develop, start a fundraiser today.4. Why are there so many blind people in India?A. There is a lack of eye hospitals in India.B. People pay no attention to their eyes at all.C. Poor Indians lack food good for eye health.D. The environment damages their eyes.5. What does the author suggest in Paragraph 2?A. Examining your eyes annually.B. Strengthening muscles every day.C. Raising the awareness of physical health.D. Attaching importance to self-examination.6. Which of the following may do harm to your eyes?A. Smoking a lot.B. Wearing sunglasses.C. Drinking much water.D. Watching brightly-color1 ed pictures.7. What does the author want to show in the last paragraph?A. How to start a fundraiser online.B. The importance of raising money.C. The role of crowdfunding in eye care.D. What should bedone to raise money.CFirefighters in Florida this week helped rescue a bald eagle with a fishing hook stuck in its beak(嘴)and the attached line wrapped around its wing and beak. Firefighters at Pasco County Fire Rescue Station 21 on Thursday were greeted by two children holding the injured bald eagle and seeking help, according to the station’s Facebook page.The firefighters called Owl’s Nest Sanctuary(保护区)for Wildlife in Odessa for assistance and a volunteer came out to help. "It appears that the eagle was wrapped in the line for about two days, was underweight, and thirsty,” the post said.Floridahas one of the densest concentrations of nesting bald eagles in the lower 48 states with an estimated 1 ,500 nesting pairs according to the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission.PascoCountyis located in the state's west central coast north ofTampa.After the eagle was examined, it was placed in a container and taken to the sanctuary for treatment where Kris Potter, the sanctuary's director, successfully removed the hook.The sanctuary posted on its Facebook page that the eagle is making up for lost time when it comes to food. "He's eating all his meals with great enthusiasm and doesn't leave a crumb(碎屑)behind,“ the post said. "In the meantime, this big guy is resting and recovering ——he's already looking so much better!”After the eagle is considered stable, it will be taken toBuschGardensinTampafor further treatment, according to the post.“ Thankfully the eagle appears in good health and veterinarians(兽医)believe that the eagle will fully recover," the post said.When the eagle is cleared for return to the wild, it will be released in the area around Station 21 , the station said in its post.“A big thank-you to everyone who helped save this bald eagle's life! We are thankful for this happy outcome!” the post concluded. The sanctuary used the story to remind those who enjoy fishing to properly dispose of theirgarbage.8. Who initially found the injured bald eagle?A. Firefighters.B. Two children.C. The sanctuary's founder.D. A volunteer.9. Where will the eagle be set free?A. AtPascoCounty Fire Rescue Station 21.B. In the neighborhood around Station 21.C. In the sanctuary inOdessa.D. InBuschGardensinTampa.10. Why did the sanctuary post the story?A. To win a good reputation.B. To praise those firefighters.C. To appeal to people to protect bald eagles.D. To remind fishing lovers to deal with rubbish properly.11. What can we know about the outcome of the event?A. It's unexpected.B. It's beautiful.C. It's humorous.D. It's discouraging.DIn the old days, when you had to drive to a movie theater to get some entertainment, it was easy to see how your actions could have an impact(影响)on the environment. After all, you were jumping into your car, driving across town, coughing out emissions(产生排放)and using gas all the way. But now that we're used to staying at home and streaming movies, we might get a littleproud. After all, we're just picking up our phones and maybe turning on the TV. You're welcome. Mother Nature.Not so fast, says a recent report from the French-based Shift Project. According to "Climate Crisis: The Unsustainable Use of Online Video", digital technologies are responsible for 4% of greenhouse gas emissions, and that energy use is increasing by 9% a year. Watching a half-hour show would cause 1. 6 kilograms of carbon dioxide emissions. That's like driving 6. 28 kilometers. And in the European Union, the Eureca project found that data centers(where videos are stored)there used 25% more energy in 2017 compared to just three years earlier,reports the BBC.Streaming is only expected to increase as webecome more enamored ofour digital devices(设备)and the possibility of enjoying entertainment where and when we want it increases. Online video use is expected to increase by four times from 2017 to 2022 and account for 80% of all Internet traffic by 2022. By then, about 60% of the world's population will be online.You're probably not going to give up your streaming services, but there're things you can do to help lessen the impact of your online use, experts say. For example, according to Lutz Stobbe, a researcher from the Fraunhofer Institute in Berlin, we have no need to upload 25 pictures of the same thing to the cloud because it consumes energy every time. If instead you delete a few things here and there, you can save energy. Moreover, it's also a good idea to stream over Wi-Fi, watch on the smallest screen you can, and turn off your Wi-Fi in your home if you're not using your devices.12. What topic is the first paragraph intended to lead in?A. The environmental effects of driving private cars.B. The improvements on environmental awareness.C. The change in the way people seek entertainment.D The environmental impacts of screaming services.13. What does the underlined phrase become more enamored of" in paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Get more skeptical of.B. Become more aware of.C. Feel much crazier about.D. Get more worried about.14. What can we infer about the use of streaming services?A. It is being reduced to protect the planet.B. Its environmental effects are worsening.C. It is easily available to almost everyone.D. Its side effects have drawn global attention.15. Which of the following is the most environmentally-friendly?A. Watching downloaded movies on a mobile phone.B. Downloading music on a personal computer.C. Uploading a lot of images of the same thing.D. Playing online games over mobile networks.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

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2019-2020学年厦门市第十一中学九年级第一学期期中教学质量检测
数 学
(试卷满分:150分;考试时间:120分钟)
班级: 姓名: 考号: 温馨提醒:1.本卷共三大题,25小题,试卷共4页
2.请认真审题,并在答题卡的相应区域内答题,在本卷中作答无效.
一、选择题:(本大题共10小题,每小题4分,共40分 ) 1.下列图形中,属于中心对称图形的是
A . 等边三角形
B . 直角三角形
C . 菱形
D . 对角互补的四边形 2.用配方法解一元二次方程2210x x +-=,配方后得到的方程是
A.2
(1)2x += B.2
(1)3x -=
C.2
(1)2x -= D.2(1)3x +=
3.已知⊙O 的直径为6,点P 到圆心O 的距离为4,则点P 在
A .⊙O 内
B .⊙O 外
C .⊙O 上
D .无法确定
4.已知关于x 的一元二次方程0122=-+x mx 有两个不相等的实数根,则m 的取值范围是 A .01≠->m m 且 B .01≠<m m 且 C .1-<m D .1>m
5. 抛物线y =2(x -2)2+5向左平移3个单位长度,再向下平移2个单位长度,此时抛物线的对称轴是
A . 2=x
B .1-=x
C .5=x
D . 1=x
6.如图1,已知□ABCD 的两条对角线AC 与BD 交于平面直角坐标系的原点,点A 的坐标为(-2,3),则点C 的坐标是
A .(-3,2)
B .(-2,-3)
C .(3,-2)
D .(2,-3) 7.如图2,点C 在︵
AB 上,点D 在半径OA 上,则下列结论正确的是
A . ∠DC
B +12∠O =180° B .∠ACB +∠O =180°
C .∠ACB +1
2
∠O =180° D .∠CAO +∠CBO =
确的是
所示,则下列判断不正的部分对应值如表、的二次函数1.82y x c bx ax y ++=3
0.2有一个根是方程=++c bx ax D 2
-,4.==y x C 时当1
.=x B 对称轴是直线的增大而增大
随时,当x y x A 0.<180°
图2 表1
9.两年前生产1吨甲种药品的成本是5000元.随着生产技术的进步,成本逐年下降,第二年的年下降率是第1年的年下降率的2倍,现在生产1吨甲种药品成本是2400元.为求第一年的年下降率,假设第一年的年下降率为x ,则可列方程 A .24002-15000=-)(x x
B .2400)1(50002
=-x
C .24002-5000=-x x
D .2400)21(15000=--x x )(
10.如图,⊙P 与x 轴交于点A (-5,0),B (1,0),与y 轴的正半轴交于点C ,
若∠ACB=60°,则点C 的纵坐标为
A.313+
B.322+
C.24
D.222+
二、填空题:(本大题共6小题,每小题4分,共24分.把答案填在答题卡的相应位置)
11.如果方程0622
=-+kx x 的一个根是3-,则=k ____.
x -2 -1 0 1 2 y
-2.5
1.5
2
1.5
图1
12.如图1,在平面直角坐标系中,点A 、B 的坐标分别是A (3,0)、B (0,4),把线段AB 绕点A 旋转后得到线段AB′,使点B 的对应点B′落在x 轴上,则点B′的坐标是 .
13.我国南宋数学家杨辉在1275年提出一个这样的问题:“直田积(矩形面积)八百六十四步(平方步),只云阔(宽)不及长一十二步(宽比长少一十二步),问阔及长各几步”。

设阔为x 步,根据题意,可列方程 .
14. 在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,已知A (3,0),B (2,-2),将线段OA 绕点O 逆时针旋转,设旋转角为α(0°<α<135°).记点A 的对应点为A 1,若点A 1与点B 的距离为17,则 α= .
图1 图2
15.如图2,是抛物线)0(21≠++=a c bx ax y 的图象的一部分,抛物线的顶点坐标是),1(n A ,与x 轴的一个交
点)0,4(B ,直线)0(2≠+=m d mx y 与抛物线交于A ,B 两点,下列结论: ①03=+b a ,②方程n c bx ax =+++12有两个相等的实数根, ③)(42n c a b -=,
④当41<<x 时,有12y y >,⑤b a bx ax +≤+2,其中正确的结论是 (只填写序号).
16.如图3,AB 为半圆O 的直径,直线CE 与半圆O 相切于点C ,点D 是︵AC 的中点,CB =6,四边形ABCD 的面积为33AC ,则圆心O 到直线CE 的距离是 .
三、解答题:(本大题共9小题,共86分.解答应写出文字说明,证明过程或演算步骤) 17.解方程(8分)
0612=+x x )( 034)2(2
=--x x n
C
O B 18. (8分)已知二次函数k x y +=2
的图象经过点(-2,3)
(1)求二次函数的解析式;(2)画出此二次函数的图象.
19.(7分)每个小方格都是边长为1个单位长度的正方形, 在建立平面直角坐标系后,ABC ∆的顶点均在格点上, ①写出C B A 、、的坐标.
②以原点O 为对称中心,画出ABC ∆关于原点O 对称 的111C B A ∆.
20.(8分)如图,点C B A 、、都在圆O 上,OB OC ⊥,点A 在劣弧⌒
BC 上,且AB OA =, 求ABC ∠的度数.
21. (9分) 我市高新区某企业接到一批产品的生产任务,按要求必须在14天内完成.已知每件产品
的售价为60元.工人甲第x 天生产的产品数量为y 件,y 与x 满足如下关系:
(1)工人甲第几天生产的产品数量为60件?
8(04)510(414)x x y x x ⎧=⎨
+≤⎩≤≤< (2)设第x 天生产的产品成本为P 元/件,P 与x 的函数关系图象如图, 工人甲第x 天创造的利润为W 元, 求W 与x 的函数关系式,第几天时, 利润最大,最大利润是多少?
22. (10分)如图,四边形ABCD 内接于⊙O ,︒=∠90BAD ,
BC AD 、的延长线交于点F ,点E 在CF 上,
且BAC DEC ∠=∠.
(1)求证:DE 是⊙O 的切线;
.14,10,)2(CD EF CE AC AB ,求若===
23.(10分)阅读下列材料:
我们可以通过下列步骤估计方程0222=--x x 的根所在的范围.
第一步:画出函数0222
=--x x 的图象,发现函数图象是一条连续不断的曲线,且与x 轴的一个交
点的横坐标在0,-1之间.
第二步:因为当0=x 时,02<-=y ;当1-=x 时,01>=y ,
所以可确定方程0222
=--x x 的一个根1x 所在的范围是01-1<<x
第三步:通过取0和-1的平均数缩小1x 所在的范围:
取 21201-=+-=
x ,因为当2
1
-=x 时,0<y , 又因为当1-=x 时,0>y , 所以2
1
1-1-
<<x (1)请仿照第二步,通过运算验证方程0222=--x x 的另一个根2x 所在的范围是322<<x (2)在322<<x 的基础上,重复应用第三步中取平均数的方法,将x 2所在的范围缩小至
b x a <<2,使得4
1≤
-a b . 24.(12分)如图,矩形ABCD 中,6,8==BC AB ,将此矩形绕点B 顺时针方向旋转)1800(0<<θθ
得到矩形111D BC A ,直线 111D C BA 、分别与直线CD 相交于点 F E 、. (1)若此矩形绕点B 顺时针方向旋转90°,求1DD 的长. (2)在旋转过程中,点11D A D 、、三点共线时,求△BCE 的面积.
(3)在矩形ABCD 旋转的过程中,是否存在某个位置使得以1D F E B 、、、为顶点的四边形为平行四边形?若存在,求出CF 的长;若不存在,请说明理由.
(备用图) (备用图)
25. (14分)在平面直角坐标系中,点)0,1(A ,已知抛物线m mx x y 22-+=(m 是常数), 顶点为P . (1) 当抛物线经过点A 时,① 求顶点P 的坐标;
② 设直线l :13+=x y 与抛物线交于C B 、两点,抛物线上的点M 的横坐标为)31(≤≤-n n ,过点M 作x 轴的垂线,与直线l 交于点Q ,若d MQ =,当d 随n 的增大而减少时,求n 的取值范围.
C
B
D
A
C
B
D
A
(2)无论m取何值,该抛物线都经过定点H,当︒
AHP时,求抛物线的解析式.
=
∠45。

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