2020高考英语一轮复习话题第17练【科普知识与现代技术】练习含解析

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(浙江专用)2020版高考英语一轮复习话题练第17练科普知识与现代技术练习

第17练科普知识与现代技术基础巩固Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．TheInternethasenabledus________________(know) andunderstandthewholeworldmuchbetter.2．However，someofscientificinventionshaveevencausedgreatharm________mankind. 3．Therapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnology________________(bring) aboutgreatchangestohumanlifesofar.4．Iwilltellyou________(direct) thatscientistsarethosewhopromotethesocialprogress.5．In18thcentury，the________(invent) ofthesteamengineledtothefirstIndustrialRevolution. 6．Weneedtoacceptthefactthatthesemoderninventionshavebroughtmuch________(conveni ent) tous.7．Incontrast，thisconditionjustindicatesthatourlifeisconnected________moderninventionsclosely. 8．WhyIsayitnormalisbecauseIbelievethatnothingis________(absolute) goodandrightforus.9．Exceptforthemoderninventionsoftransport，thereareplentyofotherthings，________(include) robots.10．Wecandomanythingsthatwedidn’thavetheabilitytodointhep astby________(use) robots.11．Ifourgovernmentdoitwell，I________(full) believethattheInternetwillprovidemoreconvenienceforus.12．Weliveinanage________moreinformationisavailablewithgreatereasethaneverbefore. 13．Thenewtechnology，if________(apply) toricegrowing，willhelpincreasethegrainoutput.14．Hethoughtthatthekeyto________(feed) peoplewastohavemorericeandtoproduceitmorequickly. 15．Iwanttointroduceoneofthemostinfluentialmodern________(invent) inourlife—thecomputernetwork.话题词汇1．advantage n．优势2．artificial adj.人造的，人工的3．negativeeffect负面影响4．breakthrough n．突破5．surftheInternet上网6．explore v．探索7．convenience n．方便8．withthedevelopmentof...随着……的发展9．changeone’slife改变某人的生活10．drawback n．缺点，不利条件能力提升Ⅱ.阅读理解(2018·辽宁葫芦岛一模)AccordingtoanewresearchfromtheUniversityofCambridgeinEngland，sheepareabletorecognizehumanfacesfromphotographs.Thefarmanimals，whoaresocialandhavelargebrains，werepreviouslyknowntobeabletorecognizeoneanother，aswellasfamiliarhumans.However，theirabilitytorecognizehumanfacesfromphotosaloneisnovel.Therecentstudy，theresultsofwhichwerepublishedinthejournal RoyalSociety showedthatthewoollycreatur escouldbetrainedtorecognizestillimagesofhumanfaces，includingthoseofformerPresidentBarackObamaandactressEmmaWatson.Initially，ter，theywereabletorecognizetheimagesforwhichtheyhadbeenrewarded.Thesheepcouldevenrec ognizeimagesoffacesshownatanangle，thoughtheirabilitytodosodeclinedbyabout15percent—thesamerateatwhichahuman’sabi litytoperformthesametaskdeclines.“Anyon ewhohasspenttimeworkingwithsheepwillknow thattheyareintelligentandindividualanimalswhoareabletorecognizetheirhandlers.”s aidProfessorJennyMorton，wholedtheCambridgestudy.“We’veshownwithourstudythatsheephaveadvancedfacerecog nitionabilities，closetothoseofhuman sandmonkeys.”Recognizingfacesisoneofthemostimportantsocialskillsforhumanbeings，andsomedisordersofthebrain，includingHuntington’sdisease，affectthisability.“Sheeparelonglivedandhavebrainsthataresimilarinsizeandcomplexitytothoseof somemonkeys.Thatmeanstheycanbeusefulmodelstohelpusunderstanddisordersofthebrain，suchasHuntington’sdiseasethatdevelopoveralongtimeandaffectcognitive(认知的) abilities.Ourstudygivesusanotherwaytomonitorhowtheseabilitieschange.”Mortonsaid .16．Accordingtothenewresearch，what’sunusualaboutsh eep? A．Theyhavelargebrains.B．Theycanrecognizetheirowners.C．Theycantellanimalsfromhumans. D．Theycanrecognizehumanfacesfromphotographs. 17．Howdidtheresearcherstrainthesheep?A．Bygivingfoodrewards.B．Byshowingphotosoffamouspeople.C．Byguidingthemtofollowtheirhandlers. D．Byshowingphotosofhumansandmonkeysbyturns. 18．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．Sheephaveahigherfacerecognitionabilitythanmonkeys. B．Thenewdiscoveryisofgreatbenefittothestudyofcognitiveabilitychanges. C．Thesheep’sfacerecognitionabilitymaypreventsomedisordersofthebrain. D．Thesheep’sfacerecognitionabilitystaysthesamewhenshownphotosatanyangle. 19．What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．AWonderfulScientistB．TheLifeofSheepC．ANewDiscoveryAboutSheepD．HowSheepRecognizeEachOtherⅢ.完形填空IwasconfusedwhileIwaseatinglunchinarestauranttheotherday.Iwassittingtherelo okingatwhatI’d__20__andwonderedifanyoneelsecouldseethe__21__inmymind.I’maboutt o__22__alotoffatandwashitdownwithadietsoda.WhatcanIsay？I’mtryingtolosesomeweight.__23__，Idothingslikethatallthetime，whichisprobablywhythepoundsare__24__soslowly.Ispendhalfanhouronthetreadmill(跑步机) andI__25__myselfwithpotatochips.I__26__thatIwillnolongereatthemagain，soIjusteatalotatthistime.Imakeitallthewaythroughtheentiredaydoingeverythingabsol utelyright，andthenatbedtime“justonechipwon’t__27__it”turnsinto“wheredidthatentirebagofp otatochipsgo？”Ofcourse，I__28__dowellwithmyweightlossprogram.OnceIputtogethertwofullweeksofeatingproperl yandexercising__29__.Iwasstartingtofeela(n)__30__.Icouldbendovertotiemyshoesmoreeasily.Butjustasitwasabouttobecomea__31__，Ienteredaperiodoflong，latenightsfilledwith__32__deadlines.Isatinfrontofmycomputer，eatingsnacksanddrinkingsodastohelpmestay__33__.Withinafewdays，thehabitofasensibleeatingandexercisingwasa__34__.Unfortunatebut__35__，Iwastootiredtogetonthetreadmill.__36__，Ihadworktodo，forwhichIneededalltheenergyIcould__37__.SoIstartedskippingexercisesessions.And__ 38__Istarteddoingso，itbecameeasiertoskipthem.Therearealwaysreasonsnottodothethingsthatwereallyshoulddo.Everyreasonisjust another__39__.20．A.cooked B．orderedC．designed D．introduced21．A.battle B．competitionC．performance D．practice22．A.burn B．containC．lose D．consume23．A.Surprisingly B．HappilyC．Unfortunately D．Hopefully24．ingoff B．passingawayC．takingoff D．turningaway25．A.equip B．connectC．present D．reward26．A.agree B．pretendC．imagine D．decide27．A.hurt B．countC．change D．solve28．A.always B．sometimesC．seldom D．never29．A.hardly B．instantlyC．regularly D．slightly30．A.urge B．attractionC．difference D．pain31．A.plan B．habitC．game D．hobby32．A.original B．commonC．inspiring D．tight33．A.awake B．calmC．healthy D．strong34．A.goal B．memoryC．reality D．trend35．A.unbelievable B．changeableC．understandable D．enjoyable36．A.Therefore B．HoweverC．Besides D．Otherwise37．ck B．saveC．show D．throw38．A.once B．beforeC．unless D．though39．A.choice B．faultC．cause D．excuseⅣ.应用文写作假定你是班长李华，请根据以下内容给新任外教Smith先生写一封信，向他表示欢迎并转达同学们对英语课的建议：1．介绍西方文化；2．组织多种多样的活动；3．关注学生发音，提高听说能力。

2020_2021学年高中英语学业水平合格性考试复习第一部分话题17科普知识与现代技术学案含解析

话题17 科普知识与现代技术[话题基础梳理]Ⅰ.话题相关词汇科技1．科学science2．科技technology3．科学家scientist4．发明家inventor5．先驱pioneer/forerunner6．发明invent7．创造create8．生产produce9．发展develop10．增长increase电子产品1．电子产品electronics2．邮件mail3．电脑computer4．键盘keyboard5．手机cellphone6．微信WeChat7．电话(tele)phone8．机器人robot9．模型model互联网1．互联网Internet2．网上冲浪surfing3．网站website4．打字type5．光light6．信息information其他1．优点advantage2．信letter3．工厂factory4．国际的international5．现代的modernⅡ.话题相关短语发明1．最有用的发明the most useful invention2．由……发明的be invented by...3．据我们所知as we know4．各种各样的all kinds of5．电脑游戏computer games6．越来越受欢迎(be)more and more popular7．感兴趣be interested in/show interest in功能1．更方便more convenient2．交流工具communication tool3．发信息send messages4．扮演角色play a role其他1．花费太多时间spend too much time2．电脑程序员computer programmer3．太空站space stationⅢ.话题常用句型1．科技使我们生活更方便。

Science and technology make our life more convenient.2．我认为电脑是20世纪世界上最有用的发明之一。

【推荐】2020届高考英语一轮复习完形填空专题集训--科普类及答案.doc

Word文档，精心制作，可任意编辑完形填空专题集训--科普类1、阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后各题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。

Once an Arab was traveling in the desert. When the sun went down in the west, he stopped and 1 his tent then, made a fire and have a 2 meal. When night fell,he 3 down to sleep.He had 4 fallen asleep when he felt asoft 5 on his elbow(手肘). He woke up to find that his camel had put his head inside the tent. The camel said: “Would you please let me keep my head in the tent to get warm? It is so cold outside. I will not take up too much 6 .”The Arab was a 7 man, “All right, do asyou 8 .” he said. Then he turned onhis 9 and went back to sleep.It wasn’t long 10 he felt a push on his shoulder. It was the camel again. “Dear master,” the camel said, “my head is quite warm now, but my neck is still cold. Do you mind 11 I keep it inside the tent, too?”“ 12 .” the man said. But this time he felt abit 13 , as camel had such a long neck.No sooner had he shut his eyes 14 he got a harder push in his side. This time the camel said, “will you please allow me to bring my front legs inside and warm then a little?”The Arab 15 over to one side of the tent. He made 16 as small as he could. It wasnot 17 comfortable, and sleep was now outof 18 .Soon after that the camel gave his a rough push and said, “The tent is too small for the two of us. 19 , my two hind legs are still left in the cold. It is only 20 that you should leave the tent wholly to me.” And with that, the camel kicked the poor man out.1.A.built B.made C.put up D.set2.A.simple B.rich C.excellent D.ordinaryid y C.lied D.went4.A.seldom B.not C.almost D.hardly5.A.touch B.beat C.kick D.bite6.A.place B.tent C.room D.blanket7.A.hard-hearted B.kind-hearted C.absent-mined D. careless8.A.please B.willing C.are like D.want9.A.light B.head C.arm D.side10.A.after B.before C.since D.then11.A.whether B.as C.that D.if12.A.Yes, of course B.No, not at all C.Don't.please D.No, you can.13.A.crowded fortable C.warmer D.narrower14.A.than B.then C.when D.after15.A.went B.walked C.climbed D.moved16.A.the tent. B.himself C.room D.ground17.A.very B.much C.a lot D.a little18.A.question B.the question C.quitepossible D.possibility19.A.Except B.Besides C.After all D.But20.A.unfair B.wrong C.reasonable D.right2、阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和 D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020高考英语一轮复习话题第17练【科普知识与现代技术】练习含解析

2020高考英语一轮复习话题第17练【科普知识与现代技术】练习含解析基础巩固Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．TheInternethasenabledus(know)andunderstandthewholeworldmuchbetter.2．However，someofscientificinventionshaveevencausedgreatharmmankind. 3．Therapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnology(bring)aboutgreatchangestohumanlifesofar. 4．Iwilltellyou(direct)thatscientistsarethosewhopromotethesocialprogress.5．In18thcentury，the(invent)ofthesteamengineledtothefirstIndustrialRevolution. 6．Weneedtoacceptthefactthatthesemoderninventionshavebroughtmuch(convenient)tous. 7．Incontrast，thisconditionjustindicatesthatourlifeisconnectedmoderninventionsclosely. 8．WhyIsayitnormalisbecauseIbelievethatnothingis(absolute)goodandrightforus. 9．Exceptforthemoderninventionsoftransport，thereareplentyofotherthings，(include)robots. 10．Wecandomanythingsthatwedidn’thavetheabilitytodointhepastby(use)robots.Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误) 11．Therobotswillbedesignedtolooklikepeopletomakethemattractiveandeasiertoselltothepublic. 12．Acomputernetworkallowsuserstoshareresourcesincludingequipmentsandinformation. 13．Butsomeonepointsoutitsdisadvantages，forexamples，ithassomuchjunkinformationthatbotherusalot. 14．Ifourgovernmentdoitwell，IfullbelievethattheInternetwillprovidemoreconvenienceforus. 15．Themoderntransportbenefitsourlife，thoughsomepeoplealsocriticizeitsothere’remanyaccidents. 16．Actually，robotsofreallifealsohavedifferentkindsoffunctionsandtheygivetousmuchhelp. 17．Weliveinanagewhichmoreinformationisavailablewithgreatereasethaneverbefore. 18．Thenewtechnology，ifapplyingtoricegrowing，willhelpincreasethegrainoutput. 19．Hethoughtthatthekeytofeedpeoplewastohavemorericeandtoproduceitmorequickly. 20．Iwanttointroduceoneofthemostinfluentialmoderninventioninourlife—thecomputernetwork.话题词汇1．advantage n．优势2．artificial adj.人造的，人工的3．negative effect负面影响4．breakthrough n．突破5．surf the Internet上网6．explore v．探索7．convenience n．方便8．with the development of...随着……的发展9．change one’s life改变某人的生活10．drawback n．缺点，不利条件能力提升Ⅲ.阅读理解A(2018·辽宁葫芦岛一模)AccordingtoanewresearchfromtheUniversityofCambridgeinEngland，sheepareabletorecognizehumanfacesfromphotographs.Thefarmanimals，whoaresocialandhavelargebrains，werepreviouslyknowntobeabletorecognizeoneanother，aswellasfamiliarhumans.However，theirabilitytorecognizehumanfacesfromphotosaloneisnovel.Therecentstudy，theresultsofwhichwerepublishedinthejournal RoyalSociety showedthatthewoollycreaturescouldbetrain edtorecognizestillimagesofhumanfaces，includingthoseofformerPresidentBarackObamaandactressEmmaWatson.Initially，ter，theywereabletorecognizetheimagesforwhichtheyhadbeenrewarded.Thesheepcouldevenrecognizeimagesof facesshownatanangle，thoughtheirabilitytodosodeclinedbyabout15percent—thesamerateatwhichahuman’sabilitytoperformt hesametaskdeclines.“Anyonewhohasspenttimeworkingwithsheepwillknowthattheyareintelligentandind ividualanimalswhoareabletorecognizetheirhandlers.”saidProfessorJennyMorton，wholedtheCambridgestudy.“We’veshownwithourstudythatsheephaveadvancedfacerecognitionabilitie s，closetothoseofhumansandmonkeys.”Recognizingfacesisoneofthemostimportantsocialskillsforhumanbeings，andsomedisordersofthebrain，includingHuntington’sdisease，affectthisability.“Sheeparelonglivedandhavebrainsthataresimilarinsizeandcomplexitytothoseofsomemonkeys.Tha tmeanstheycanbeusefulmodelstohelpusunderstanddisordersofthebrain，suchasHuntington’sdiseasethatdevelopoveralongtimeandaffectcognitive(认知的) abilities.Ourstudygivesusanotherwaytomonitorhowtheseabilitieschange.”Mortonsaid.21．Accordingtothenewresearch，what’sunusualaboutsheep?A．Theyhavelargebrains.B．Theycanrecognizetheirowners.C．Theycantellanimalsfromhumans.D．Theycanrecognizehumanfacesfromphotographs.22．Howdidtheresearcherstrainthesheep?A．Bygivingfoodrewards.B．Byshowingphotosoffamouspeople.C．Byguidingthemtofollowtheirhandlers.D．Byshowingphotosofhumansandmonkeysbyturns.23．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．Sheephaveahigherfacerecognitionabilitythanmonkeys.B．Thenewdiscoveryisofgreatbenefittothestudyofcognitiveabilitychanges.C．Thesheep’sfacerecognitionabilitymaypreventsomedisordersofthebrain.D．Thesheep’sfacerecognitionabilitystaysthesamewhenshownphotosatanyangle.24．What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．AWonderfulScientistB．TheLifeofSheepC．ANewDiscoveryAboutSheepD．HowSheepRecognizeEachOtherB(2018·四川内江一模)Inrecentyears，carmanufacturers(制造商) havebeenputunderpressuretoinventavehiclethatisbothcheapertorunandbetterfortheenvironment.Oneofthefirstideasthatcarmanufacturerstriedwastoreplaceengineswhichrunonfossil(化石) fuelswithelectricmotors.Unfortunately，thesevehicleshadseveraldisadvantagesandtheydidn’tsellverywell.Theproblemswerethatthebatteries oftheseelectriccarsranoutveryquicklyandtookalongtimetorecharge.However，carmanufacturershaveimprovedtheconcept.Thisiswherethehybridcar，whichhasbothanelectricmotorandatraditionalpetrolengine，comesin.Theelectricmotorneverneedstoberechargedanditismuchbetterfortheplanetthanatraditionalca r.Inahybridcar，theengineiscontrolledbyacomputerwhichdetermineswhetherthecarrunsonpetrol，electricity，orboth.Whenthecarneedsmaximumpower，forexample，ifitisacceleratingorclimbingasteephill，itusesallofitsresources(资源)，butatsteadyspeedsitrunsonlyonpetrol.Whenslowingdownorbreaking，theelectricmotorrechargesitsbatteries.Hybridcarsarebetterfortheenvironmentbecausetheyhaveamuchsmallerenginethanatraditionalcar.A lso，hybridcarsonthemarketaremadeusingmaterialssuchasaluminumandcarbonfiber，whichmakesthemextremelylight.Bothofthemmeanthattheyuselesspetrolthannormalcars，sotheyproducelesspollution.Ofcourse，hybridcarsaren’tperfect; theystillrunonfossilfuelsandsopollutetheenvironmenttoacertaindegree.However，theymaybethefirststepalongtheroadtocleaner，“greener”cars.Carmanufacturersarealreadyworkingonvehicleswhichrunonhydrogengivingoffharmless watervapor.Itlookslikewemightbeheadingintherightdirection.25．Whatcanweknowaboutthevehicleswhichranonelectricmotors?A．Theymovedveryfast.B．Theywereunpopular.C．Theirengineswereoftenreplaced.D．Theirengineswereexpensive.26．Howdoesthecomputerinahybridcarfunction?A．Itkeepsthecarrunningsteadily.B．Itdirectsthecartoclimbhills.C．Itdecideswheretopowerthecar.D．Itcontrolshowthecarusespower.27．WhatdoestheunderlinedpartrefertoinParagraph5?A．Car’ssmallerengineandspecialmaterials.B．Electricmotorandpetrolengine.C．Hybridcarandhydrogencar.D．Aluminumandcarbonfiber.28．What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A．Cars’Engines B．CarPollutionC．GreenCars D．Cars’AdvantagesⅣ.完形填空IwasconfusedwhileIwaseatinglunchinarestauranttheotherday.IwassittingtherelookingatwhatI’d 29andwonderedifanyoneelsecouldseethe30inmymind.I’maboutto31alotoffatandwashitdownwithadietsod a.WhatcanIsay？I’mtryingtolosesomeweight.32，Idothingslikethatallthetime，whichisprobablywhythepoundsare33soslowly.Ispendhalfanhouronthetreadmill(跑步机) andI34myselfwithpotatochips.I35thatIwillnolongereatthemagain，soIjusteatalotatthistime.Imakeitallthewaythroughtheentiredaydoingeverythingabsolutelyright，andthenatbedtime“justonechipwon’t36it”turnsinto“wheredidthatentirebagofpotatochipsgo？”Ofcourse，I37dowellwithmyweightlossprogram.OnceIputtogethertwofullweeksofeatingproperlyandexercising38.I wasstartingtofeela(n)39.Icouldbendovertotiemyshoesmoreeasily.Butjustasitwasabouttobecomea40，Ienteredaperiodoflong，latenightsfilledwith41deadlines.Isatinfrontofmycomputer，eatingsnacksanddrinkingsodastohelpmestay42.Withinafewdays，thehabitofasensibleeatingandexercisingwasa43.Unfortunatebut44，Iwastootiredtogetonthetreadmill.45，Ihadworktodo，forwhichIneededalltheenergyIcould46.SoIstartedskippingexercisesessions.And47Istarteddoingso，itbecameeasiertoskipthem.Therearealwaysreasonsnottodothethingsthatwereallyshoulddo.Everyreasonisjustanother48.29．A.cooked B．orderedC．designed D．introduced 30．A.battle B．competition C．performance D．practice 31．A.burn B．contain C．lose D．consume 32．A.Surprisingly B．Happily C．Unfortunately D．Hopefully 33．ingoff B．passingaway C．takingoff D．turningaway 34．A.equip B．connect C．present D．reward 35．A.agree B．pretend C．imagine D．decide 36．A.hurt B．count C．change D．solve 37．A.always B．sometimes C．seldom D．never 38．A.hardly B．instantly C．regularly D．slightly 39．A.urge B．attraction C．difference D．pain 40．A.plan B．habit C．game D．hobby 41．A.original B．common C．inspiring D．tight 42．A.awake B．calm C．healthy D．strong 43．A.goal B．memory C．reality D．trend 44．A.unbelievable B．changeable C．understandable D．enjoyable 45．A.Therefore B．HoweverC．BesidesD．Otherwise 46．ckB．save C．showD．throw 47．A.onceB．before C．unlessD．though 48．A.choiceB．fault C．cause D．excuse答案解析Ⅰ.1.toknow2.to3.hasbrought4.directly5.invention6．convenience 7.with 8.absolutely9.including ing Ⅱ.11.Therobotswillbedesignedtolooklikepeopletomakethem ∧more attractiveandeasiertoselltothepubli c.12．Acomputernetworkallowsuserstoshareresourcesincluding equipments equipmentandinformation.13．Butsomeonepointsoutitsdisadvantages，forexamples ，ithassomuchjunkinformationthat bother bothers usalot.14．Ifourgovernmentdoitwell，I full fullybelievethattheInternetwillprovidemoreconvenienceforus.15．Themoderntransportbenefitsourlife ，thoughsomepeoplealsocriticizeit so becausethere’remanyaccidents.16．Actually，robotsofreallifealsohavedifferentkindsoffunctionsandtheygiveto\usmuchhelp.17．Weliveinanage whichwhenmoreinformationisavailablewithgreatereasethaneverbefore.18．Thenewtechnology，if applyingappliedtoricegrowing，willhelpincreasethegrainoutput.19．Hethoughtthatthekeytofeedfeedingpeoplewastohavemorericeandtoproduceitmorequickly.20．Iwanttointroduceoneofthemostinfluentialmodern inventioninventionsinourlife—thecomputernetwork.Ⅲ.语篇解读本文介绍了一项新的研究成果：绵羊能够从照片中识别人脸。

高三年级英语话题10：科普知识与现代技术--题型专练阅读

话题10：科普知识与现代技术--题型专练阅读（2020年全国Ⅰ卷D）The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown, Ohio, for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have taken it a step further--changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse, even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they’re short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater. “We’re thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day,” explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.One of his latest projects has been to make plants grow (发光) in experiments using some common vegetables. Strano’s team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The light，about one-thousandth of the amount needed to read by, is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn tree into self-powered street lamps.In the future, the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off “switch” where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source(电源)--such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway--a lot of energy is lost during transmission (传输). Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.1. What is the first paragraph mainly about?A. A new study of different plants.B. A big fall in crime rates.C. Employees from various workplaces.D. Benefits from green plants.2. What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineer?A. To detect plants’ lack of water.B. To change compositions of plants.C. To make the life of plants longer.D. To test chemicals in plants.3. What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future?A. They will speed up energy production.B. They may transmit electricity to the home.C. They might help reduce energy consumption.D. They could take the place of power plants.4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Can we grow more glowing plants?B. How do we live with glowing plants?C. Could glowing plants replace lamps?According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake. And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions (份), it’s the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid.To test the effect of social influence on eating habits the researchers conducted two experiments. In the first, 95 undergraduate women were individually invited into a lab to ostensibly (表面上) participate in a study about movie viewership. Before the film began, each woman was asked to help herself to a snack. An actor hired by the researchers grabbed her food first. In her natural state, the actor weighed 105 pounds. But in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit which increased her weight to 180 pounds.Both the fat and thin versions of the actor took a large amount of food. The participants followed suit, taking more food than they normally would have. However, they took significantly more when the actor was thin.For the second test, in one case the thin actor took two pieces of candy from the snack bowls. In the other case, she took 30 pieces. The results were similar to the first test: the participants followed suit but took significantly more candy when the thin actor took 30 pieces.The tests show that the social environment is extremely influential when we’re making decisions. If this fellow participant is going to eat more, so will I. Call it the “I’ll have what she’s having” effect. However, we’ll adjust the influence. If an overweight person is having a large portion, I’ll hold back a bit because I see the results of his eating habits. But if a thin person eats a lot, I’ll follow suit. If he can eat much and keep slim, why can’t I?1. What is the recent study mainly about?A. Food safety.B. Movie viewership.C. Consumer demand.D. Eating behavior.2. What does the underlined word “beanpoles” in paragraph 1 refer to?A. Big eaters.B. Overweight persons.C. Picky eaters.D. Tall thin persons.3. Why did the researchers hire the actor?A. To see how she would affect the participants.B. To test if the participants could recognize her.C. To find out what she would do in the two tests.D. To study why she could keep her weight down.4. On what basis do we “adjust the influence” according to the last paragraph?A. How hungry we are.B. How slim we want to be.Challenging work that requires lots of analytical thinking, planning and other managerial skills might help your brain stay sharp as you age, a study published Wednesday in the journal Neurology suggests.Researchers from the University of Leipzig in Germany gathered more than 1,000 retired workers who were over age 75 and assessed the volunteers’ memory and thinking skills through a battery of tests. Then, for eight years, the scientists asked the same group to come back to the lab every 18 months to take the same sorts of tests.Those who had held mentally stimulating, demanding jobs before retirement tended to do the best on the tests. And they tended to lose cognitive（认知）function at a much slower rate than those with the least mentally challenging jobs. The results held true even after the scientists accounted for the participants’ overall health status.“This works just like physical exercise,” says Francisca Then, who led the study. “ After a long run, you may feel like you’re in pain, you may feel tired. But it makes you fit. After a long day at work--sure, you will feel tired, but it can help your brain stay healthy.”It’s not just corporate jobs, or even paid work that can help keep your brain fit, then points out. A waiter’s job, for example, that requires multitasking, teamwork and decision-making could be just as stimulating as any high-level office work. And “running a family household requires high-level planning and coordinating（协调）,” she says. “ You have to organize the activities of the children and take care of the bills and groceries.”Of course, our brains can decline as we grow older for lots of reasons-including other environmental influences or genetic factors. Still, continuing to challenge yourself mentally and keeping your mind busy can only help.1.Why did the scientists ask the volunteers to take the tests?A.To assess their health status.B. To evaluate their work habits.C.To analyze their personality.D.To measure their mental ability.2.How does Francisca Then explain her findings in Paragraph 4?A. By using an expert’s words.B. By making a comparison.C. By referring to another studyD. By introducing a concept3.Which of the following is the best title for the text?A.Retired Workers Can Pick Up New SkillsB.Old People Should Take Challenging JobsC.Your Tough Job Might Help Keep You Sharp阅读理解二答案：1.D 2.D 3.A 4.C阅读理解三答案：1.D 2.B 3.CAssignmentPassage1【2020天津C】For people, who are interested in sound, the field of sound technology is definitely making noise. In the past, sound engineers worked in the back rooms of recording studios, but many of today’s sound professionals are sharing their knowledge and experience with professionals in other fields to create new products based on the phenomenon we call sound.Sound can be used as a weapon. Imagine that a police officer is chasing a thief. The thief tries to escape. And the officer can’t let him get away. He pulls out a special device, points it at the suspect, and switches it on. The thief drops to the ground. This new weapon is called a Long Range Acoustic Device(LRAD, 远程定向声波发射器). It produces a deafening sound so painful that it temporarily disables a person. The noise from the LRAD is directed like a ray of light and travelsonly into the ears of that person, but it is not deadly.For those who hunger for some peace and quiet, sound can now create silence. Let’s say you are at the airport, and the little boy on the seat next to you is humming(哼唱) a short commercial song. He hums it over and over again, and you are about to go crazy. Thanks to the Silence Machine, a British invention, you can get rid of the sound without upsetting the boy or his parents. One may wonder how the Silence Machine works. Well, it functions by analyzing the waves of the incoming sound and creating a second set of outgoing waves. The two sets of waves cancel each other out. Simply turn the machine or point it at the target, and your peace and quiet comes back.Directed sound is a new technology that allows companies to use sound in much the same way spotlights(聚光灯) are used in the theater. A spotlight lights up only one section of a stage; similarly, “spotsound” creates a circle of sound in on targeted area. This can be useful for businesses such as restaurants and stores because it offers a new way to attract customers. Restaurants can offer a choice of music along with the various food choices on the menu, allowing customers more control over the atmosphere in which they are dining. Directed sound is also beginning to appear in shopping centers and even at homes.46．What could be inferred from Paragraph 2 about the effect of the LRAD?A．It causes temporary hearing loss.B．It slows down a running man.C．It makes it easy to identify a suspect.D．It keeps the suspect from hurting others. 47．The Silence Machine is a device specially designed to ________.A．silence the people around you B．remove the sound of commercials C．block the incoming sound waves D．stop unwanted sound from affecting you 48．What feature do spotsounds and spotlights share?A．They travel in circles.B．They clear the atmosphere.C．They can be transformed into energy.D．They can be directed onto a specific area. 49．Directed sound can be used for ________.A．creative designs of restaurant menus B．ideal sound effects on the theater stage C．different choices of music for businesses D．strict control over any suspicious customer 50．What does the passage focus on?A．How professionals invented sound products.B．Inventions in the field of sound technology.C．The growing interest in the study of sound.【答案】46．A47．D48．D49．C50．B【解析】这是一篇说明文。

2020年高考英语真题重点语法和题型分类汇编精讲第17题阅读理解(解析版)

第17题阅读理解The Japanese have always been at the forefront at deploying robots to perform jobs that are traditionally done by humans. Over the past year, humanoid robots have been seen helping customers at the Mitsubishi Bank and even filling in for human science communicators at museums. Therefore, it is not surprising to hear that the country has the world's first hotel that is staffed almost entirely by the Androids!The aptly(巧妙地）named Henn-na ("strange" in Japanese)Hotel which opened its doors on July 17 is located at Nagasaki's Huis Ten Bosch theme park.. It is the idea of Hideo Sawada, a Japanese businessman who is fascinated by the possibility of replacing humans with robots. His aim is to have this futuristic hotel be run mainly by the intelligent humanoids .Guests checking-in are welcomed by a family friendly English-speaking robot wearing a bow tie andbell-hop(侍者）hat. Though experienced at his job, he does request guests not to ask him "a difficult question "since he is after all," just a robot!"Those seeking a more" regular" experience, can approach the human-likeJapanese-speaking robot.When ready, visitors can request the robot "porters" to help carry belongings to their room. Those that need to stow away valuables can hand them to a helpful robot who will place them inside an individual safe box in exchange for a small fee. A one-foot-high concierge is available to provide information about the hotel's amenities, nearby attractions, and even order a taxi if needed.So how much does it cost to live in this crazy cool hotel? It depends on when you decide to go. During the low season, guests can get away with paying as little $ 60 a night for a basic room. However, during the peak season when rates are determined by an online auction, the price can get as high as $153.1. What is Hideo Sawada interested in?A. Making different kinds of robots.B. Taking the place of humans with robots.C. Setting up more hotels run by robots.D. Making robots more intelligent.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。

全国版高考英语一轮复习话题练第17练科普知识与现代技术练习含解析052038.docx

第17练科普知识与现代技术基础巩固Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．TheInternethasenabledus(know) andunderstandthewholeworldmuchbetter. 2．However，someofscientificinventionshaveevencausedgreatharmmankind. 3．Therapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnology(bring) aboutgreatchangestohumanlifesofar.4．Iwilltellyou(direct) thatscientistsarethosewhopromotethesocialprogress.5．In18thcentury，the(invent) ofthesteamengineledtothefirstIndustrialRevolution. 6．Weneedtoacceptthefactthatthesemoderninventionshavebroughtmuch(convenient) tous.7．Incontrast，thisconditionjustindicatesthatourlifeisconnectedmoderninventionsclosely. 8．WhyIsayitnormalisbecauseIbelievethatnothingis(absolute) goodandrightforus. 9．Exceptforthemoderninventionsoftransport，thereareplentyofotherthings，(include) robots.10．Wecandomanythingsthatwe didn’thavetheabilitytodointhepastby(use) robots.Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误) 11．Therobotswillbedesignedtolooklikepeopletomakethemattractiveandeasiertosellto thepublic. 12．Acomputernetworkallowsuserstoshareresourcesincludingequipmentsandinformation. 13．Butsomeonepointsoutitsdisadvantages，forexamples，ithassomuchjunkinformationthatbotherusalot.14．Ifourgovernmentdoitwell，IfullbelievethattheInternetwillprovidemoreconvenienceforus. 15．Themoderntransportbenefitsourlife，thoughsomepeoplealsocriticizeitsothere’remanyaccidents.16．Actually，robotsofreallifealsohavedifferentkindsoffunctionsandtheygivetousmuchhelp. 17．Weliveinanagewhichmoreinformationisavailablewithgreatereasethaneverbefore. 18．Thenewtechnology，ifapplyingtoricegrowing，willhelpincreasethegrainoutput. 19．Hethoughtthatthekeytofeedpeoplewastohavemorericeandtoproduceitmorequickly. 20．Iwanttointroduceoneofthemostinfluentialmoderninventioninourlife—thecomputer network.能力提升Ⅲ.阅读理解A(2018·辽宁葫芦岛一模)AccordingtoanewresearchfromtheUniversityofCambridgeinEngland，sheepareabletorecognizehumanfacesfromphotographs.Thefarmanimals，whoaresocialandhavelargebrains，werepreviouslyknowntobeabletorecognizeoneanother，aswellasfamiliarhumans.However，theirabilitytorecognizehumanfacesfromphotosaloneisnovel.Therecentstudy，theresultsofwhichwerepublishedinthejournal RoyalSociety showedthatthewoollycreatur escouldbetrainedtorecognizestillimagesofhumanfaces，includingthoseofformerPresidentBarackObamaandactressEmmaWatson.Initially，ter，theywereabletorecognizetheimagesforwhichtheyhadbeenrewarded.Thesheepcouldevenrec ognizeimagesoffacesshownatanangle，thoughtheirabilitytodosodeclinedbyabout15percent—thesamerateatwhicha human’sabi litytoperformthesametaskdeclines.“Anyonewhohasspenttimeworkingwithsheepwillknow thattheyareintelligentandindividualanimalswhoareabletorecognizetheirhandlers.”s aidProfessorJennyMorton，wholedtheCambridgestudy.“We’veshownwithourstudythatsheephaveadvancedfacerecognitionabilities，closetothoseofhumansandmonkeys.”Recognizingfacesisoneofthemostimportantsocialskillsforhumanbeings，andsomedisordersofthebrain，includingHuntington’sdisease，affectthisability.“Sheeparelonglivedandhavebrainsthataresimilarinsize andcomplexitytothoseofs omemonkeys.Thatmeanstheycanbeusefulmodelstohelpusunderstanddisordersofthebrain，suchasHuntington’sdiseasethatdevelopoveralongtimeandaffectcognitive(认知的) abilities.Ourstudygivesusanotherwaytomonitorhowtheseabilitieschange.”Mortonsaid .21．Accordingtothenewresearch，what’sunusualaboutsheep? A．Theyhavelargebrains.B．Theycanrecognizetheirowners.C．Theycantellanimalsfromhumans. D．Theycanrecognizehumanfacesfromphotographs. 22．Howdidtheresearcherstrainthesheep?A．Bygivingfoodrewards.B．Byshowingphotosoffamouspeople.C．Byguidingthemtofollowtheirhandlers. D．Byshowingphotosofhumansandmonkeysbyturns. 23．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．Sheephaveahigherfacerecognitionabilitythanmonkeys. B．Thenewdiscoveryisofgreatbenefittothestudyofcognitiveabilitychanges. C．Thesheep’sfacerecognitionabilitymaypreventsomedisordersofthebrain. D．Thesheep’sfacerecognitionabilitystaysthesamewhenshownphotosatanyangle. 24．What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．AWonderfulScientistB．TheLifeofSheepC．ANewDiscoveryAboutSheepD．HowSheepRecognizeEachOtherB(2018·四川内江一模)Inrecentyears，carmanufacturers(制造商) havebeenputunderpressuretoinventavehiclethatisbothcheapertorunandbetterfortheenv ironment.Oneofthefirstideasthatcarmanufacturerstriedwastoreplaceengineswhichrunonfossil(化石) fuelswithelectricmotors.Unfortunately，thesevehicleshadseveraldisadvantagesandtheydidn’tsellverywell.Theproblemswereth atthebatteriesoftheseelectriccarsranoutveryquicklyandtookalongtimetorecharge.However，carmanufacturershaveimprovedtheconcept.Thisiswherethehybridcar，whichhasbothanelectricmotorandatraditionalpetrolengine，comesin.Theelectricmotorneverneedstoberechargedanditismuchbetterfortheplanetthan atraditionalcar.Inahybridcar，theengineiscontrolledbyacomputerwhichdetermineswhetherthecarrunsonpetrol，electricity，orboth.Whenthecarneedsmaximumpower，forexample，ifitisacceleratingorclimbingasteephill，itusesallofitsresources(资源)，butatsteadyspeedsitrunsonlyonpetrol.Whenslowingdownorbreaking，theelectricmotorrechargesitsbatteries.Hybridcarsarebetterfortheenvironmentbecausetheyhaveamuchsmallerenginethanatr aditionalcar.Also，hybridcarsonthemarketaremadeusingmaterialssuchasaluminumandcarbonfiber，whichmakesthemextremelylight.Bothofthemmeanthattheyuselesspetrolthannormalcars，sotheyproducelesspollution.Ofcourse，hybridcarsaren’tperfect; theystillrunonfossilfuelsandsopollutetheenvironmenttoacertaindegree.However，theymaybethefirststepalongtheroadtocleaner，“greener”cars.Carmanufacturersarealreadyworkingonvehicleswhichrunonhydrogengiv ingoffharmlesswatervapor.Itlookslikewemightbeheadingintherightdirection. 25．Whatcanweknowaboutthevehicleswhichranonelectricmotors? A．Theymovedveryfast.B．Theywereunpopular.C．Theirengineswereoftenreplaced.D．Theirengineswereexpensive.26．Howdoesthecomputerinahybridcarfunction?A．Itkeepsthecarrunningsteadily.B．Itdirectsthecartoclimbhills.C．Itdecideswheretopowerthecar.D．Itcontrolshowthecarusespower. 27．WhatdoestheunderlinedpartrefertoinParagraph5?A．Car’ssmallerengineandspecialmaterials.B．Electricmotorandpetrolengine.C．Hybridcarandhydrogencar.D．Aluminumandcarbonfiber.28．What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A．Cars’Engines B．CarPollutionC．GreenCars D．Cars’AdvantagesⅣ.完形填空IwasconfusedwhileIwaseatinglunchinarestauranttheotherday.Iwassittingthereloo kingatwhatI’d29andwonderedifanyoneelsecouldseethe30inmymind.I’maboutto31alotof fatandwashitdownwithadietsoda.WhatcanIsay？I’mtryingtolosesomeweight.32，Idothingslikethatallthetime，whichisprobablywhythepoundsare33soslowly.Ispendhalfanhouronthetreadmill(跑步机) andI34myselfwithpotatochips.I35thatIwillnolongereatthemagain，soIjusteatalotatthistime.Imakeitallthewaythroughtheentiredaydoingeverythingabsol utelyright，andthenatbedtime“justonechipwon’t36it”turnsinto“wheredidthatentirebagofpotat ochipsgo？”Ofcourse，I37dowellwithmyweightlossprogram.OnceIputtogethertwofullweeksofeatingproperlyand exercising38.Iwasstartingtofeela(n)39.Icouldbendovertotiemyshoesmoreeasily.Butjustasitwasabouttobecomea40，Ienteredaperiodoflong，latenightsfilledwith41deadlines.Isatinfrontofmycomputer，eatingsnacksanddrinkingsodastohelpmestay42.Withinafewdays，thehabitofasensibleeatingandexercisingwasa43.Unfortunatebut44，Iwastootiredtogetonthetreadmill.45，Ihadworktodo，forwhichIneededalltheenergyIcould46.SoIstartedskippingexercisesessions.And47Ista rteddoingso，itbecameeasiertoskipthem.Therearealwaysreasonsnottodothethingsthatwereallyshoulddo.Everyreasonisjusta nother48.29．A.cooked B．orderedC．designed D．introduced30．A.battle B．competitionC．performance D．practice31．A.burn B．contain C．lose D．consume 32．A.Surprisingly B．Happily C．Unfortunately D．Hopefully 33．ingoff B．passingaway C．takingoff D．turningaway 34．A.equip B．connect C．present D．reward 35．A.agree B．pretend C．imagine D．decide 36．A.hurt B．count C．change D．solve 37．A.always B．sometimes C．seldom D．never 38．A.hardly B．instantly C．regularly D．slightly 39．A.urge B．attraction C．difference D．pain 40．A.plan B．habit C．game D．hobby 41．A.original B．common C．inspiring D．tight 42．A.awake B．calm C．healthy D．strong 43．A.goal B．memory C．reality D．trend 44．A.unbelievable B．changeable C．understandable D．enjoyable 45．A.Therefore B．However C．Besides D．Otherwise 46．ck B．save C．show D．throw 47．A.once B．before C．unless D．though48．A.choiceB ．faultC ．causeD ．excuse答案解析Ⅰ.1.toknow 2.to 3.hasbrought 4.directly 5.invention6．convenience 7.with8.absolutely 9.including ingⅡ.11.Therobotswillbedesignedtolooklikepeopletomakethem∧moreattractiveandeasiertoselltothepublic.12．Acomputernetworkallowsuserstoshareresourcesincluding equipments equipmentandinformation. 13．Butsomeonepointsoutitsdisadvantages ，forexamples ，ithassomuchjunkinformationthat bother bothersusalot. 14．Ifourgovernmentdoitwell ，I full fullybelievethattheInternetwillprovidemoreconvenienceforus.15．Themoderntransportbenefitsourlife ，thoughsomepeoplealsocriticizeit so because there’remanyaccidents.16．Actually ，robotsofreallifealsohavedifferentkindsoffunctionsandtheygiveto\usmuchhelp.17．Weliveinanage which whenmoreinformationisavailablewithgreatereasethaneverbefore. 18．Thenewtechnology ，if applying appliedtoricegrowing ，willhelpincreasethegrainoutput.19．Hethoughtthatthekeytofeedfeedingpeoplewastohavemorericeandtoproduceitmorequickly.20．Iwanttointroduceoneofthemostinfluentialmodern invention inventionsinourlife—thecomputernetwork.Ⅲ.语篇解读本文介绍了一项新的研究成果：绵羊能够从照片中识别人脸。

2023-2024学年高考英语复习--话题10：科普知识与现代技术

计算机computer
access （对计算机）访问 click点击 calculate计算 crash（计算机）瘫痪 delete删除 monitor显示器
insert插入 password密码 surf上网 log in登录 log out注销；退出系统 battery电池
网络Internet
affordable mobility options. while
1.I'll keep you company 你等待时我会陪伴你。
you're waiting.
2.I went swimming
the others played tennis.
3.
the news, so far, has been good, there may be
orbit 轨道
universe 宇宙
probe 探测器
solar 太阳能
spacecraft 宇宙飞船 astronaut宇航
hover 盘旋
员
launch 发射
gravity 重力
unmanned 无人操作的
planet 行星 rocket 火箭 satellite 卫星 shuttle 航天飞机 telescope 望远镜
• 来自加州大学戴维斯分校的一项研究表明,用电动代替汽油私家车在世界范围内,自动驾驶和共享系统可以从运输减少碳排放80%,降低交通基础设施的成本( 基础设施)和操作在2050年达到40%。
• 4. While much of the debate so far has been focused on the
3.What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future?

维克多英语《新方略》Unit 17 科普知识与现代技术

② vt 操作 (机器、设备等) to use
and control a machine or equipment operate a computer 操作计算机
Man-made satellites
Earth observation satellites. The function of the Fengyun (Wind and Cloud), Haiyang (Ocean), Ziyuan (Resources), Gaofen (High Resolution), Yaogan (Remote-Sensing) and Tianhui (Space Mapping) satellite series and constellation (星座) of small satellites for environment and disaster monitoring and forecasting has been improved.
Space applications
Application of navigation and positioning satellites. The Beidou Navigation Satellite System has significantly improved its accuracy and reliability, bringing into play an independent, controllable, complete and mature Beidou industrial chain and the three systems of Beidou industrial guarantee, application promotion and innovation.

2020版高考英语一轮复习话题晨背话题九科普知识与现代技术课件重庆大学版

对……有好的影响
8．improve the quality of life for humans 提高人类的生活质量
9．information products
信息产品
10．in the field of science
在科学领域
11．in storage
储存
12．long-distance educational system 远程教育系统
adj.
[第三组]
有希望的；有前途的智能的介绍引进，介绍发明，创造发明，创造发明者，创造者材料，原料物质上的；实际的
26．microcomputer n. microscope n. microwave n.
27．mix v. mixture n.
28．mobile adj. 29．modem n. 30．modern adj.
话题晨背
日积月累，增分无形
话题九科普知识与现代技术
[第一组]
1．accelerate vt.
加速
2．accessible adj.
易接近的，可得到的
3．advantage n.
优势
4．artificial adj.
人造的
5．automatic adj.
自动的
6．breakthrough n. 重大进展，突破
望远镜改造，改革，变换，改变更新，使现代化普遍的病毒
1．be used for
被用来
2．benefit from ...
从……获益
3．be available
可以利用的
4．be in the lead
领先
5．come true
实现

2020版高考英语新设计一轮复习重大版讲义：话题晨背话题九科普知识与现代技术含答案

话题九科普知识与现代技术[第一组] 1．accelerate v t.加速2．accessible adj. 易接近的，可得到的3．advantage n. 优势4．artificial adj. 人造的5．automatic adj. 自动的6．breakthrough n. 重大进展，突破7．brilliant adj. 巧妙的，使人印象深刻的，技艺高的8．click v. 点击9．convenience n. 方便；便利10．criterion (pl. criteria) n. 标准，准则，原则[第二组] 11．demand v t.& n. 要求12．digital adj. 数字的，数码的13．download v. 下载14．drawback n. 缺点，不利条件15．electronic adj. 电子的16．engine n. 发动机，引擎engineer n. 工程师；技师17．experiment n．&v. 实验18．explore v t. 探索19．function n．&v. 作用，功能，运转fundamental adj. 十分重大的，根本的20．guarantee v t.&n. 保证，担保[第三组] 21．hopeful adj. 有希望的；有前途的22．intelligent adj. 智能的23．introduce v t. 介绍introduction n. 引进，介绍24．invent v t. 发明，创造invention n. 发明，创造inventor n. 发明者，创造者25．material n. 材料，原料adj. 物质上的；实际的26．microcomputer n. 微机microscope n. 显微镜microwave n. 微波27．mix v. 混合，搅拌mixture n. 混合物28．mobile adj. 移动的29．modem n. 调制解调器30．modern adj. 现代的[第四组] 31．patent n. 专利权，专利证书32．personally ad v. 就个人而言33．potential adj. 潜在的，可能的34．predict v. 预言，预告，预报35．print v t. 印刷printer n. 打印机printing n. 印刷，印刷术36．privilege n. 特权，特殊待遇37．procedure n. 程序，手续38．process n．&v t. 过程，加工，处理39．produce v t. 生产；制造product n. 产品，制品production n. 生产；制造40．profit n. 利润，收益[第五组] 41．progress n．&v i. 前进；进步，进展42．provide v t. 提供43．replace v t. 取代44．research n．&v. 研究，调查45．revolution n. 革命46．science n. 科学，自然科学scientific adj. 科学的scientist n. 科学家47．significance n. 意义，重要性48．simplify v t. 使简化，使简易49．software n. 软件50．spacecraft n. 宇宙飞船[第六组] 51．standard n. 标准adj. 标准的52．succeed v i. 成功success n. 成功successful adj. 成功的，有成就的53．support v t.&n. 支持，赞助54．suppose v t. 猜想，假定，料想55．system n. 体系；系统systematic adj. 系统的，有条理的56．technical adj. 技术的，工艺的technique n. 技术；技巧technology n. 技术57．telescope n. 望远镜58．transform v. 改造，改革，变换，改变59．update v t. 更新，使现代化60．universal adj. 普遍的61．virus n. 病毒1．be used for 被用来2．benefit from ... 从……获益3．be available 可以利用的4．be in the lead 领先5．come true 实现6．follow the fashion 追随时尚7．have a good effect on 对……有好的影响8．improve the quality of life for humans提高人类的生活质量9．information products 信息产品10．in the field of science 在科学领域11．in storage 储存12．long-distance educational system远程教育系统13．live a/an ...life 过……的生活14．living standard 生活水平15．lead to/contribute to/result in/bring about导致16．negative effect 负面影响17．shop on the Internet 网购18．stand out 杰出19．scientific breakthrough 科学突破20．side effects 副作用21．potential ability 潜能22．surf the Internet 上网浏览信息23．watch over 看守；监视24．with the development of ... 随着……的发展25．change one’s life 改变某人的生活1．(2018·天津高考书面表达)The World Adolescent Robotics Competition will be held in Tianjin at the end of July in order to promote the development of robotics.为了促进机器人技术的发展，世界青少年机器人技能竞赛将于7月底在天津举行。

2020版高考英语高分话题范文：话题五科普知识与现代技术

\话题五: 科普知识与现代技术Writing 1 手机已成为人们生活中不可缺少的交流工具，谈谈手机在我们生活中的优缺点。

高分范文1As the life standard becomes higher and higher, mobile phones play an essential part in our own daily life now. Not only the adults but also many middle school students use them frequently. As far as I am concerned, using mobile phones is quite necessary in some way. The good or harm they will do to us all depends on how we use .There is no doubt that mobile phones h^/e many advantages. Since parents cannot be with their children all day long, mobile phones act as a communication tool between them. When the children and their parents have something special to tell each other, they can use mobile phones to communicate. As to the boarding students, mobile phones are much more necessary. They bring us a lot of convenience. What’s more, mobile phones can also help to promote friendship and provide us with a way to show love to our relatives. When it comes to a traditional festival, we can use mobile phones to send short messages. Mobiles phones can bring our wishes to the people around us and bring back their love and thankfulness. It’s quite enjoyable doing so.On the other hand, mobile phones also have disadvantages. Some students are keen on playing games and others spend too much time on sending short messages. In the course of doing so, both time and money are wasted. And sometimes it will influence our sleep and study. Thus we should keep in mind that our main responsibility is to study and we have no ability to afford the expenses as well. Mobile phones are communication tools but not our toys.All in all, everything has two sides. We should have a right attitude towards mobile phones and use them properly. Then they will do us good. Otherwise, they may cause disadvantages高分范文2It never occurred to many people that high school students can equip themselves with such modern devices as mobile phones, but it has really happened like a sudden storm. Contrary to the views of some people who are worried about fashions in our life, the storm can be very good.Time speaks first. Nowadays we are in the Information Age, in which quick communication is regarded as a basic element in everyone’s life. To be a student doesn’t mean to be isolated from the changing world；on the contrary, to keep in touch with the large amount of information shuttling in the world, help to make the student intelligent, open-minded and qualified for a citizen in a new age. Mobile phones are undoubtedly effective tools. Maybe Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) and laptop computers will soon become popular among students, but let the mobile phone play the role as a pioneer. Then we can consider the feasibility. With the technology advancing, and economy developing, mobile phones are now quite accessible to many people. They are no longer miraculous inventions but are approaching us and ready to serve us in our daily life. Considering this，a high school student’s possessing a mobile phone will not be a surprise or a show-off, but an action to meet the needs of the new age.In a word, mobile phones will do more good. Certainly, everything has a shadow behind its bright figure, but if we follow the trend properly, the storm will surely be beneficial.Writing 2根据所给的信息写一篇关于Junk Message的短文：>目前垃圾短信泛滥，给人们的生活带来闲扰；>谈谈垃圾短信泛滥的原因；>如何解决。

英语阅读：科普知识与现代技术(含答案)(1)

中考备考阅读话题练习：科普知识与现代技术一、阅读理解（共20小题；共40分）AHave you noticed your life becoming a little easier? Now, when you go to a certain shopping mall, you can enjoy its free Wi-Fi there. When you want to take a taxi, you can book one with your phone. In fact, all these can be seen as the basic parts of a smart city.The idea of a smart city was brought up by US company IBM in 2010. Generally, a smart city is a city that uses digital technologies such as the Internet to improve city planning, save money and resources, and make our life convenient. How smart can a city be? Here are great examples that we can learn from.In 2009, Dubuque became the first smart city in the US. The city used smart water meters to take the place of traditional water meters. They can detect(探测) water waste and leakage(泄漏) and send data to let the house owner know. The same system is used for other city resources like electricity and natural gas. This way, people know how they use their resources and are glad to help reduce waste.1. According to the passage, which of the following is RIGHT?A. Digital technologies are used in smart cities.B. An English company first raised the idea of a smart city.C. A smart city is mainly made up of free Wi-Fi and phones.D. A smart city is still an idea and hasn't come into being.2. The underlined word "convenient" is the closest in meaning to .A. usefulB. normalC. suitableD. easy3. Compared to traditional water meters, smart water meters do better in .A. cleaning waterB. supplying waterC. saving waterD. producing water4. The example of Santander shows the use of smart systems in aspects(方面) EXCEPT .A. businessB. health careC. traffic controllingD. public transportation5. What's the main idea of the passage?A. Digital technologies help improve city planning.B. Smart cities will make our future life better and smarter.C. Smart cities are very common in both Dubuque and Santander.D. Spain and the US take the leading position in building smart cities.BIf your pen broke at school today, what would you do? You would go to a shop and buy a new one. What if you could simply print out a real, working pen with your 3-D printer without leaving your room?Ten years ago people could only see 3-D printing in science fiction movies. But now 3-D printing is here and it's bringing big changes.Unlike normal printing that can only copy a 2-D picture with ink. 3-D printing can build almost anything made from material. The printer layers(分层) the material in different shapes to create the object you want to be copied.The 3-D printer has been used to make many different things. People have made cups, cars and even an airplane with it.Doctors have been using 3-D printers for several years. People's nervous systems have been printed out in 3-D form in medical research. Some body parts have been printed and used in hospital.Several months ago, doctors used a 3-D printer to rebuild the face of a person who had a bad accident. In the future, it is expected that the printer will make human organs to save more lives.However there are drawbacks to the printer. At the moment, printing can be quite slow and it's still rather expensive. The average(平均的) price of a household printer is around $1,700, not including the cost of the materials.6. People could see 3-D printing in ten years ago.A. large high schoolB. science fiction moviesC. digital camera shop7. People still can't make a(n) with a 3-D printer so far.A. airplaneB. faceC. organ8. What does the underlined word "drawbacks" mean?A. 不足B. 趋势C. 优点9. Which of the following is TRUE?A. The normal printer can build 3-D objects you want.B. No nervous systems are printed out in 3-D form.C. The 3-D printing can be cheaper and faster in the future.10. What's the best title of the passage?A. The Disadvantages of 3-D PrintingB. The Changes Brought by 3-D PrintingC. The Rapid Development of ScienceCDo you want to keep away from colds? You must say, "Of course". Now, first, please put on a happy face.A new study shows that happy and relaxing people seem to fall ill less often than those unhappy people. "It's possible that being happy helps the body fight illnesses," said the researcher Sheldon Cohen from New York University(大学). In an earlier study, Cohen found that cheerful and lively people caught coughs and colds less often. People's feelings seemed to affect their health. In this study, Cohen interviewed(采访) 193 adults(成人) every day for two weeks. During the interviews, the people told researchers that the doctors asked them to stay alone in a room for six days because of the cold.So if you are worried about your health, look on the bright side more often. Just as the old saying goes, "A coin has two sides".11. What does the underlined word "researcher" mean in Chinese?A. 工程师B. 经理C. 研究者D. 哲学家12. What did the study find?A. Happy people never fell ill.B. People's feelings didn't affect their health.C. Happy and lively people had less serious illnesses.D. People with good feelings became ill more easily.13. According to Cohen, which of the following can help fight illnesses and diseases?A. Sleeping.B. Laughing.C. Eating.D. Worrying.14. Where can you read the passage?A. In the newspaper.B. In a storybook.C. In a novel.D. In an opera.15. What does the sentence "A coin has two sides." mean?A. A coin has left and right side.B. A coin has front and back side.C. A thing usually has bad and good sides.D. The coin's front side is better than the back side.D1. The Dream. It is everyone's dream to work at home or not work at all. You can plan your own hours and work when you want to. There is no more rush hour and no hours that people waste when they get to and from a job every day.2. The Fact. The fact is that this dream can be attained. You can stay at home, work when you want to and make money when you need to. There are plenty of opportunities for you to make money at home, just by using your computer and the Internet.3. Start Today! Educate yourself, look closely into all the opportunities and decide on what works best for you. It will not happen during one night, but you can make the decision today and start to make it happen today.4. How Could You Do It? Do you have a blog or a personal website like millions of other people? Are you using it to make money? Most of these blog and website owners are not. But you can do that!5. . When you have your computer and the Internet working for you, your businesses will be working for you 24 hours a day, seven days a week. You will make money while you sleep, travel or do whatever you want to do all day long.6. Get Going! There are many ways you can make money with your computer. And you can begin your stay-at-home businesses with just a little money. What are you waiting for?16. In which part of a newspaper would you most probably read this passage?A. SpotsB. NewsC. CultureD. Business17. What d oes the underlined word “attained” in Point 2 mean?A. BrokenB. RealizedC. LostD. Destroyed18. What's the best title for Point 5?A. Sleep 24 Hours a DayB. Make Money Every MomentC. Play All Day LongD. Travel Around the World19. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?A. People need a lot of money to start a stay-at-homeB. People can even use their blogs to make moneyD. People can make the best decision and start to make20. How is the passage organized?A. By using famous people's wordsB. By giving reasons onlyC. By showing a topic and giving solutionsD. By telling old stories二、阅读与表达(混合式)（共10小题；共10分）A任务一：从下列A-D中选择合适的句子补全至文中①-④处。

高中英语科技类练习题20题含答案解析

高中英语科技类练习题20题含答案解析1.Scientists are constantly looking for new ways to solve problems. This shows the importance of _____.A.technologyB.traditionC.cultureD.history答案解析：A。

题干中提到科学家不断寻找新方法解决问题，这体现了科技的重要性。

选项B“tradition”传统；选项C“culture”文化；选项D“history”历史，均与题干中科技发展的场景不符。

2.With the development of technology, our lives have become much _____.A.easierB.harderC.busierD.slower答案解析：A。

随着科技的发展，我们的生活变得更加容易。

选项B“harder”更艰难；选项C“busier”更忙碌；选项D“slower”更缓慢，均不符合科技发展使生活变好的主题。

3.New technologies are often used to improve _____.A.healthcationC.environmentD.economy答案解析：B。

新技术经常被用来改善教育。

选项A“health”健康；选项C“environment”环境；选项D“economy”经济，在题干中科技发展和创新的场景下，新技术改善教育更为贴切。

4.Smartphones are an example of modern _____.A.inventionsB.discoveriesC.creationsD.innovations答案解析：D。

智能手机是现代创新的一个例子。

选项A“inventions”发明；选项B“discoveries”发现；选项C“creations”创造，而“innovations”更强调创新，符合智能手机作为科技产品不断创新的特点。

高考英语学业水平测试一轮复习第一部分话题20 科普知识与现代技术(Popular science

话题20 科普知识与现代技术(Popular science and modern technology) Ⅰ.话题相关词汇1．空间站space station2．失重zero gravity3．软着陆soft landing4．人造卫星manmade/artifical satellite5．气象卫星meteorological satellite6．太阳能电池solar cell7．计算机(网络)的cyber8．网络文化；电脑化文明cyberculture9．网络漫游net surf10．搜索引擎search engine11．数据检索retrieval12．点击pointandclick13．登录，上线log on/log in14．注销，下线log off/log out15．聊天室chatroom16．下载download17．邮件列表mailing list18．电子信箱地址email address19．跟帖followup message20．网站website21．无绳cordless phone22．网络network23．(尤指网络中)对(某人)非礼，非礼函件flame24．常见问题FAQ(frequently asked questions)25．访问路径access path26．计算机用户computer user27．会议conference call28．电视会议video conference29．电信会议teleconference30．用户名user name/alias31．网友Internet buddy32．键友key pal33．笔友pen pal34．网民cyber citizen; Webster online; netizen35．网盲internot36．计算机盗版computer piracy37．随着经济的快速开展with the rapid development of economy38．人民生活水平的显著提高/稳步增长the remarkable improvement/steady growth of people's living standard39．先进的科学技术advanced science and technology40．面临新的机遇和挑战be faced with new opportunities and challenges41．科技science and technology42．重大发明great invention43．起飞take off44．搭航班take the flight45．在线on line46．主页front page/homepage47．装备be equipped with48．布置furnish49．电器设备electric equipment/appliance50．数据库database51．密码password52．代码code53．安全码security codeⅡ.佳作背诵上周，你们班就初中生能否骑电动自行车上学进展了一次讨论。

〖英语作文专项〗中考英语话题专项训练十七科普知识与现代技术

第十七节科普知识与现代技术
常用句子： 1.——电脑被用来做什么？ ——搜索信息，与朋友聊天，玩游戏，等等。 —What are the computers used for？ _________________________________________ —They are used for searching _________________________________________ information, chatting with friends _________________________________________ and playing games, and so on. ________________________________________
fail 2.失败_________
show 3.给……看_________ print 4.印刷_________
compare 5.比较，对比_________
第十七节科普知识与现代技术
pull 6.拉，拖_________ create 7.创造，造成_________
push 8.推_________
第二部分
话题专项训练
第十七节
科普知识与现代技术
第十七节科普知识与现代技术
一、基础积累(默写本）名词： machine 1.机器_________
video 2.录像，视频_________
PC=personal computer 3.个人计算机_________ computer 4.电脑，电子计算机_________
第十七节科普知识与现代技术
短语：
on/over the radio 1.通过收音机_____________

2025届新教材高考英语全程一轮复习晨背第16天科学与技术一科普知识

晨背第16天科学与技术(一) 科普学问一、表达词汇——力求准度(一)常用词汇——写对1．airport n. 航空站；飞机场2．machine n. 机器3．foresee vt.(foresaw, foreseen) 预见；预知4．expert n. 专家5．prize n. 奖赏；奖品6．prove vt. 证明7．provide vt. 供应8．electricity n. 电；电流9．email n. 电子邮件vt. 给……发电子邮件10．engine n. 发动机；引擎11．personally adv. 就自己而言12．signal vi. & vt. 发信号n. 信号13．cell n. 细胞14．technique n. 技术15．average adj. 平均的；一般的n. 平均数16．technology n. 技术(二)拓展词汇——用活1．invent v. 独创invention n. 独创inventor n. 独创者2．produce vt. 生产；制造production n. 生产；制造3．advance vt. 提出；使……前进advanced adj. 先进的；高级的；高等的4．assumption n. 假定；设想assume vt. 假定；设想5．explore vt. & vi. 探究；探测；探究explorer n. 探险家；勘探者exploration n. 探究6．experiment n. 试验experimental adj. 科学试验的7．predict v. 预言；预报；预报prediction n. 预言；预报；预报二、阅读词汇——拓展广度1．process n. & v. 过程；加工，处理2．analyse v. 分析3．annual adj. 每年的；年度的4．universal adj. 普遍的；通用的5．planet n. 行星6．circle n. & vt. 圆圈；将……圈起来7．breakthrough n. 重大进展；突破8．industrial adj. 工业的9．artificial adj. 人工的；人造的10．plastic adj. 塑料的11．rubber n. 橡胶；合成橡胶12．scissors n. 剪刀，剪子13．monitor vt. & n. 监测；班长14．procedure n. 程序；步骤；手续15．drawback n. 缺点；不利条件16．transplant vt. 移植17．statistics n. 统计数字18．sample n. 样品；例子三、用短语表达——高人一筹1．improve the quality of life for humans 提高人类的生活质量2．in the field of science 在科学领域3．make a breakthrough 取得突破4．information technology 信息技术5．electronic books 电子读物6．solar system 太阳系7．launch a satellite 放射人造卫星8．with the development of science and technology随着科技的发展9．be sent into space 被放射到太空10．in the long run 从长远来看11．have access to space travel能到太空旅行12．return to the earth 返回地球13．in the field of science 在科学领域14．space exploration 太空探究15．make a trip into the Mars到火星上去旅游背话题佳句——亮人一眼1．The cellphone seems to be one of the most important inventions of the 20th century. Using the cellphone to surf the Internet has become quite common in our daily lives. 手机好像是20世纪最重要的独创之一。

高三英语二轮专题复习第17节科普知识与现代技术(一)

第17节科普知识与现代技术(一)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2018·广东佛山二模)Imagine that you’re the creator and show runner of the newest hit comedy show on television.Only it isn’t a hit yet，and your live studio audience isn’t giving you the big laughs the show deserves.Do you film the show all over again，hoping that this time the audience will laugh? Or is there another option for making a joke sound funnier than it was received?Sweeten(改善) the sound by adding a laugh track! “Sweetening”，or the addition of sound effects such as laughs，screams，and other audience-produced noises to the audio track of a TV show，has been used since the 1940s to produce the appearance，or rather the sound，of an engaged and entertained response to a show’s ugh tracks came into existence as not only a solution，and sometimes replacement，for an unengaged live audience but also as a way to engage an at-home audience into a more-traditional，public，and theaterlike experience.Adding a laugh track to a television show makes the viewers at home feel much less like they’re sitting on a couch staring at the television screen and much more like they’re in a room full of laughing happy people (to varying degrees of success)．Though the art of sweetening has risen and fallen in popularity over the past 60 years，credit for its creation and continued use is owed to laugh-track pioneer and sound engineer Charles Douglass.Douglass was the first to develop，in 1953，a machine for producing fake “canned laughter”，accessible at the push of a button or pull of a lever(操纵杆)．Despite being artificial，sensibly edited laugh tracks are found by television studios to bring about a positive audience response，as their use is usually accompanied by higher ratings and increased audience memory.Though some television audiences may disagree with the value of the laugh track，the cheerful and repetitive sound holds a permanent place in the history and future of television comedy.语篇解读本文主要谈论了电视节目中使用笑声音轨的原因。

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