英国文学——John Milton
弥尔顿(John Milton)
中期创作
中期（1639-1660），革命活动时期。主要精 力革命工作上，二十年里几乎于诗歌绝缘，为 政治斗争的需要，创作了一些议论文。著名的 有<<论出版自由>>、<<为英国人民声辩>>、 <<再为英国人民声辩>>、<<偶像的崇拜者>> 等。他的这些散文是论战的产物，富于战斗力， 是17世纪欧洲散文的冠冕。
晚期创作
晚期（1660-1674），被复辟王朝迫害时期， 也是诗人创作的高峰时期。完成了辉煌的 三大诗作：《失乐园》、《复乐园、 《斗士参孙》。名言名句
1、书籍并不是没有生命的东西，它包藏着一种生 命的潜力，与作者同样地活跃。不仅如此，它还 像一个宝瓶，把作者生机勃勃的智慧中最纯净的 精华保存起来。 2、好书是伟大心灵的宝贵血脉。 3、希望里蕴藏着极大的力量,能使志向和幻想成 为事实。 4、一本好书是一个艺术大师宝贵的血液，是超越 生命之外的生命，是可以铭记和珍藏的血液
……
人物简评
英国文学中的古典主义因素早在文艺复新时期已经存在， 从弥尔顿的作品中也可以看到古代文学的影响。但古典主 义作为一个流派则是随复辟王朝从法国回来之后才形成的。 英国古典主义流派依附反动封建王朝，从一开始就具有保 守倾向。他的创始者是约翰·德莱顿(1631-1700)。他是复 辟王朝的桂冠诗人，信仰天主教，他站在保守立场写了一 些政治讽刺诗、宗教论争诗和剧本。他的文学评论如《论 剧诗》(1668)和许多作品的序言，强调理性和规律，指出 悲剧中三一律的重要性，主张形式完美。他推崇古希腊、 罗马作家，但也肯定乔叟、斯宾塞、莎士比亚的成就。他 观察敏锐，对作家的评论时有灼见，超出前人和同时代的 评论家。他的大量古典主义创作，系统的古典主义理论， 他的讽刺诗的技巧，他的翻译，他的准确平易的散文，都 对18世纪英国古典主义文学有很大影响。
英国文学-John Milton
Paradise Lost Paradise Regained Samson Agonistes
Page 11
The Third Period:after the Revolution(1660-1674)
1517-1648
1588 1640
The Reformation
defeat of the Spanish Armada the outbreak of English Bourgeois Revolution
1642-1649
1660
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
English Civil War
The Restoration
Page 5
Milton settled in London, and became tutors to his two nephews. Meanwhile he diverted his attentions to a tireless defence of religious, civil, and domestic liberties, and started to publish a series of political pamphlets. In 1642, he married Mary Powel, daughter of Royalist parents, 17 years old then. Within six weeks she went back to her parents, and did not return. In 1643, he published The Doctrine and Discipline of Divorce, arguing that a true marriage was of mind as well as of body, advocating that divorce was not immoral if the couple could not love each other. It was a bold idea during those days and was not readily accepted by his fellow countrymen. The pamphlet made him notorious. In 1644, he published his most famous prose work, Areopagitica. He passionately pleaded for the freedom of the press. His wife returned to him in 1645.
john milton的英文简介
john milton的英文简介约翰·弥尔顿，英国诗人、政论家，民主斗士，英国文学史上伟大的六大诗人之一。
下面是小编给大家整理的john milton的英文简介，供大家参阅!john milton简介John Milton (December 9, 1608 to November 8, 1674) British poet, political commentator, democratic fighter, British literature in the history of one of the great six poets. Representative works are long poem "Lost Paradise", "Fu Paradise" and "Lux" Samson.In 1625, Milton went to Cambridge University and began writing poetry. After graduating from college and studying literature for 6 years. In 1638, Milton traveled to Europe. In 1640 the British Revolution broke out, Milton decided to join in the revolutionary movement, and published five books on religious freedom, in 1644, Milton also for freedom of speech and wrote "on the freedom of the press." In 1649, after the victory of the British colonies, Milton published "on the king and officials of the authority" and other documents to consolidate the revolutionary regime. 1660, the British feudal dynasty restoration, Milton was arrested and imprisoned, was soon released, then he concentrate on writing poetryjohn milton人物经历On December 9, 1608, John Milton was born. Milton's father is a legal instrument, the family is more honest. Although his father was a Puritan, but not as much as the other Puritans at that time, he likes music, but also guide Milton to love music. He also loves books such as life, while the young Milton played little like his father like books. Milton's father also specifically for his hired a private teacher, Milton just over ten years old, you can write some good poetry. At that time Milton often learned late into the night, which had a very bad impact on his later body.At the age of 12, his father sent Milton to a man named St. Paul's men's school at the time of study, 15 years old entered the University of Cambridge. The young Milton faces handsome, but proud, thought independent. Milton had intended to go to the British Church as a pastor. But the conflict between the Catholics and the Puritans intensified, and Milton was a Puritan.After completing college studies, Milton gave up the idea of being a pastor in the British Church, and for some time he did not know what to do. Repeated thinking, he firmly believe that he should be born poet. He lived his father about 20 miles from London's Dunton village estate for nearly five years, andin order to better realize his own ideals in the future, he began to write poetry and study.In the past five years, he wrote a large number of short poems, including "happy people" to express a longing for a happy life, "meditation" on the thought of meditation was described, "Liesidas" praise A drowned friend, "Commas" shows a masquerade.But soon, he began to feel tired of this quiet pastoral life. He is eager to the outside world more exciting. So he took his father to his money, embarked on a journey to France, Switzerland, Italy. In Italy, he heard that the British King and the contradiction between the people imminent, and soon may be the outbreak of war. So he immediately gave up the plan to travel and write poetry, rushed back to England.After returning to London, he strongly opposed the conservative party and devoted all his energy to writing a large number of political pamphlets that supported the freedom of the people. Published in 1644, "published freedom", bold attack on the British press censorship system; published in 1649, "the destruction of idols," advocated the death of Charles I; 1650 published "to defend the British people", to meet the Republican and revolutionary arrival.In 1649, according to the parliamentary judgment, KingCharles I was beheaded, while Oliver Cromwell came to power, became the head of government, and was called "protect the country". The leaders of the Puritan government, who had written a large number of essays and pamphlets written by Milton for the victory of the Republic in the revolution, then appointed him as secretary for foreign affairs. In addition to his Latin alphabet, which is responsible for translating foreign governments, he must also answer in Latin, and he is responsible for criticizing the attacks and statements against the Cromwell government. Because of the heavy task, he had to work day and night, soon, vision began to decline, the doctor warned him to stop using the eye, otherwise he will be blind. But he refused the doctor asked him to give up the heavy reading and writing work advice, continue to work hard. Eventually, by 1652, his eyes were completely blind. Even so, he did not stop working, he used to read the way he wrote others to work day and night to continue. Soon, his wife died, gave him left three young girl waiting, the largest but also 6 years old. This is a busy business for the blind people is undoubtedly worse.Soon, the king saved the regime to regain the regime. Charles II (the son of the former king) boarded the throne. Protestants are everywhere to escape. And some went to theUnited States, and some were arrested and sentenced to death. Milton hid a friend for a few months, his property was confiscated, his book was burned by the executioner. Finally, Milton was caught in the prison, so the king later let him. Milton ended the social life, and began to poetry again, he spent seven years to write the poem "lost paradise." In this poem, he tells how Satan has betrayed God, how Eve and Adam have been expelled from Eden and so on. He was blind because of his eyes, had to read by him, and sometimes let his daughter to write, and sometimes by visiting friends to write. "Paradise" for him to win a high reputation, many scholars and politicians so far away from the road, came to visit him. After completing this masterpiece, he wrote the "Rebirth Paradise", and a drama about the Samsoni of Rex (Samson was Israel Hercules, and was as blind as Milton in his later years).November 8, 1674, Milton died.john milton创作特点Theme of the workIn his writings, Milton elaborated liberalism from the aspects of natural human rights, freedom of the press, freedom of religious belief, freedom of education, freedom of marriage and so on. Milton believes that freedom, property, life is the natural rights of people, inviolable, that people have theright to overthrow the freedom of the tyrant. He also criticized the British system of review of books published, against the practice of strangling the truth, demanding freedom of speech and publication, creating the conditions for the spread of capitalist ideology and culture. After gaining these rights, Milton further affirmed the existence of man. In the religious view, he put forward a rational belief, which is actually a Christian humanistic view of religion, requires people to have a rational, free choice, cultivate virtue, with a good individual directly with God to communicate and communicate. Milton proposed his own different from the theological, secular feudal education reform program, trying to establish a modern education system. At the same time, due to Milton's own marriage experience, he particularly advocates equality between men and women, freedom of marriage. After the failure of the revolution, Milton began the creation of three long poems, reflecting the theme of freedom in his trilogy, expressing the poet as a tenacious liberal fighter, still in the post-restoration mood Believe in the confidence of the revolution."Paradise", "Fu Paradise" and "Warrior Samson" have shown people's struggle and salvation, are touched the works of the human mind, the poet on the deepest human morality, spirit andbelief in the exploration, Milton's reflection on man and human nature, thinking about the problems of human unfortunate roots and how people can be saved. The theme of redemption is embodied in the selection of the theme of the long poem and the shaping of the characters.Artistic characteristicsThe theme of the selection, Milton "Paradise Lost" by the ancestor of Adam, Eve by Sedan lure to be deprived of the story of the park, revealing the concept of Christian "original sin" to promote human beings should be realistic attitude to bear the burden of earthly life , Save yourself with atonement. The story of the restoration of the paradise with Jesus' victory over all the temptations of Satan shows that mankind can overcome all kinds of suffering and save if he can improve his character. "Warrior Samson" by the tragic character Samson, imprisoned, blind, suffered humiliation, at the expense of revenge life experience, complained about Milton's own political experience and ideals and beliefs, praised the struggle for the noble cause Perseverance of the character and at the expense of their salvation spirit.The image of the people, Milton out of the need to express the salvation of the lofty ideals, the choice of ambitiousevents as the theme, the use of magnificent long poems as a genre to lead the classic, magnificent style, creating a literary history of the classic image: Jesus, Samson, Adam and Eve. The image of the characters with the poet on the shaping of the idea of redemption. Adam and Eve are the ancestors of mankind, who have universal qualities of mankind, the condition of salvation; Jesus is the embodiment of the poet's ideal personality, virtue is the basis of salvation; Samson is the typical image of the road to salvation, Mankind brings hope of salvation.---来源网络整理，仅供参考。
约翰弥尔顿(中英)简介讲解
JOHN MILTON
“When I was yet a child, no childish play To me was pleasing; all my mind was set serious to learn and know, and thence to do what might be public good; myself I thought born to that end, born to promote all truth, all righteous things.”
• 思想可以把天堂变成地狱，也 可以把地狱变成天堂。
Milton’s Quotes
2.Better to reign in hell than serve in heaven.
• 上天堂尽职，不如下地狱独裁。
Milton’s Quotes
3.The childhood shows the man, as mornin神之假面舞会》（the masque Comus， 1634年）
《论出版自由》（Areopagitica：A Speech for the Liberty of Unlicensed Printing,1644 年）
《失乐园》（Paradise Lost，1667年）
弥尔顿一生三次结婚，第一位太太小他17岁，第二 位小他20岁，第三位小他30岁。婚姻中有多次磕绊， 他曾多次写一些论述离婚的小册子。1644年，因为
这类小册子，再次被国会招去质询，恼怒之际，慷 慨陈辞，诞生言论出版史上里程碑式的文献—— 《论出版自由》。但这次充满激情和思辨的演讲在
当时并未引起太大反响，出版许可制度在半个世纪
约翰弥尔顿英国文艺复兴时期最伟大的诗人
约翰弥尔顿英国文艺复兴时期最伟大的诗人约翰弥尔顿（John Milton）是英国文艺复兴时期最伟大的诗人之一。
他生于1608年，逝世于1674年，一生的贡献和影响力在英国文学史上久负盛名。
弥尔顿以其杰出的作品《失乐园》（Paradise Lost）而闻名，该作品被公认为英国文学史上最伟大的叙事诗之一，也是世界文学的经典之作。
约翰弥尔顿的成就不仅仅体现在其作品的数量和质量上，还体现在他对英国文学发展的重要影响。
在他生活的时代，英国正经历文艺复兴，新的思想观念和文学形式不断涌现。
而弥尔顿正是这个时代的代表人物，他的作品和思想对后来的文学创作产生了深远的影响。
《失乐园》是约翰弥尔顿最为伟大的作品之一。
这部诗叙述了亚当和夏娃被驱逐出伊甸园的故事，同时也包含了对人类的原罪、对权力和自由的探索等深刻的哲学思考。
弥尔顿通过韵文和叙事结构的运用，展示了他卓越的语言表达能力和文学才华。
《失乐园》以其引人入胜的故事和复杂的主题深深吸引了读者，并在文学界产生了广泛的影响。
弥尔顿的作品不仅仅局限于诗歌领域，他还是一位杂文家和政治家。
他的政治观点和作品深受英国历史和社会的影响。
在他的杂文中，弥尔顿主张言论自由和思想自由，并积极参与到当时的政治讨论中。
他的政治立场和文化观点在当时是非常先进的，对英国的政治和文化发展起到了重要的推动作用。
约翰弥尔顿的诗歌风格独特，充满了对美和真理的追求。
他对诗歌的探索和创新，使他成为英国文学史上最重要的诗人之一。
他的作品通过优美的语言和深刻的思考，表达了对人类存在和命运的探索，体现了他对自由和正义的理想追求。
弥尔顿的诗歌作品一直被视为经典，对后世的诗人和文学创作都产生了深远的影响。
总结起来，约翰弥尔顿是英国文艺复兴时期最伟大的诗人之一。
他的杰出作品《失乐园》以其高超的诗歌技巧和深邃的思想充分展示了他的文学才华和创作才能。
而他的政治观点和杂文作品也对英国的政治和文化发展产生了重要影响。
弥尔顿的成就使他成为英国文学史上不可忽视的重要人物，他的作品将继续影响着后世的诗人和读者。
johnmilton的英文简介
john milton的英文简介约翰·弥尔顿，英国诗人、政论家，民主斗士，英国文学史上伟大的六大诗人之一。
下面是店铺给大家整理的john milton的英文简介，供大家参阅!john milton简介John Milton (December 9, 1608 to November 8, 1674) British poet, political commentator, democratic fighter, British literature in the history of one of the great six poets. Representative works are long poem "Lost Paradise", "Fu Paradise" and "Lux" Samson.In 1625, Milton went to Cambridge University and began writing poetry. After graduating from college and studying literature for 6 years. In 1638, Milton traveled to Europe. In 1640 the British Revolution broke out, Milton decided to join in the revolutionary movement, and published five books on religious freedom, in 1644, Milton also for freedom of speech and wrote "on the freedom of the press." In 1649, after the victory of the British colonies, Milton published "on the king and officials of the authority" and other documents to consolidate the revolutionary regime. 1660, the British feudal dynasty restoration, Milton was arrested and imprisoned, was soon released, then he concentrate on writing poetryjohn milton人物经历On December 9, 1608, John Milton was born. Milton's father is a legal instrument, the family is more honest. Although his father was a Puritan, but not as much as the other Puritans at that time, he likes music, but also guide Milton to love music. He also loves books such as life, while the young Milton played little like his father like books. Milton's father also specifically for his hired a private teacher, Milton just over ten years old, you can writesome good poetry. At that time Milton often learned late into the night, which had a very bad impact on his later body.At the age of 12, his father sent Milton to a man named St. Paul's men's school at the time of study, 15 years old entered the University of Cambridge. The young Milton faces handsome, but proud, thought independent. Milton had intended to go to the British Church as a pastor. But the conflict between the Catholics and the Puritans intensified, and Milton was a Puritan.After completing college studies, Milton gave up the idea of being a pastor in the British Church, and for some time he did not know what to do. Repeated thinking, he firmly believe that he should be born poet. He lived his father about 20 miles from London's Dunton village estate for nearly five years, and in order to better realize his own ideals in the future, he began to write poetry and study.In the past five years, he wrote a large number of short poems, including "happy people" to express a longing for a happy life, "meditation" on the thought of meditation was described, "Liesidas" praise A drowned friend, "Commas" shows a masquerade.But soon, he began to feel tired of this quiet pastoral life. He is eager to the outside world more exciting. So he took his father to his money, embarked on a journey to France, Switzerland, Italy. In Italy, he heard that the British King and the contradiction between the people imminent, and soon may be the outbreak of war. So he immediately gave up the plan to travel and write poetry, rushed back to England.After returning to London, he strongly opposed the conservative party and devoted all his energy to writing a large number of political pamphlets that supported the freedom of thepeople. Published in 1644, "published freedom", bold attack on the British press censorship system; published in 1649, "the destruction of idols," advocated the death of Charles I; 1650 published "to defend the British people", to meet the Republican and revolutionary arrival.In 1649, according to the parliamentary judgment, King Charles I was beheaded, while Oliver Cromwell came to power, became the head of government, and was called "protect the country". The leaders of the Puritan government, who had written a large number of essays and pamphlets written by Milton for the victory of the Republic in the revolution, then appointed him as secretary for foreign affairs. In addition to his Latin alphabet, which is responsible for translating foreign governments, he must also answer in Latin, and he is responsible for criticizing the attacks and statements against the Cromwell government. Because of the heavy task, he had to work day and night, soon, vision began to decline, the doctor warned him to stop using the eye, otherwise he will be blind. But he refused the doctor asked him to give up the heavy reading and writing work advice, continue to work hard. Eventually, by 1652, his eyes were completely blind. Even so, he did not stop working, he used to read the way he wrote others to work day and night to continue. Soon, his wife died, gave him left three young girl waiting, the largest but also 6 years old. This is a busy business for the blind people is undoubtedly worse.Soon, the king saved the regime to regain the regime. Charles II (the son of the former king) boarded the throne. Protestants are everywhere to escape. And some went to the United States, and some were arrested and sentenced to death. Milton hid a friend for a few months, his property was confiscated,his book was burned by the executioner. Finally, Milton was caught in the prison, so the king later let him. Milton ended the social life, and began to poetry again, he spent seven years to write the poem "lost paradise." In this poem, he tells how Satan has betrayed God, how Eve and Adam have been expelled from Eden and so on. He was blind because of his eyes, had to read by him, and sometimes let his daughter to write, and sometimes by visiting friends to write. "Paradise" for him to win a high reputation, many scholars and politicians so far away from the road, came to visit him. After completing this masterpiece, he wrote the "Rebirth Paradise", and a drama about the Samsoni of Rex (Samson was Israel Hercules, and was as blind as Milton in his later years).November 8, 1674, Milton died.john milton创作特点Theme of the workIn his writings, Milton elaborated liberalism from the aspects of natural human rights, freedom of the press, freedom of religious belief, freedom of education, freedom of marriage and so on. Milton believes that freedom, property, life is the natural rights of people, inviolable, that people have the right to overthrow the freedom of the tyrant. He also criticized the British system of review of books published, against the practice of strangling the truth, demanding freedom of speech and publication, creating the conditions for the spread of capitalist ideology and culture. After gaining these rights, Milton further affirmed the existence of man. In the religious view, he put forward a rational belief, which is actually a Christian humanistic view of religion, requires people to have a rational, free choice, cultivate virtue, with a good individual directly with God tocommunicate and communicate. Milton proposed his own different from the theological, secular feudal education reform program, trying to establish a modern education system. At the same time, due to Milton's own marriage experience, he particularly advocates equality between men and women, freedom of marriage. After the failure of the revolution, Milton began the creation of three long poems, reflecting the theme of freedom in his trilogy, expressing the poet as a tenacious liberal fighter, still in the post-restoration mood Believe in the confidence of the revolution."Paradise", "Fu Paradise" and "Warrior Samson" have shown people's struggle and salvation, are touched the works of the human mind, the poet on the deepest human morality, spirit and belief in the exploration, Milton's reflection on man and human nature, thinking about the problems of human unfortunate roots and how people can be saved. The theme of redemption is embodied in the selection of the theme of the long poem and the shaping of the characters.Artistic characteristicsThe theme of the selection, Milton "Paradise Lost" by the ancestor of Adam, Eve by Sedan lure to be deprived of the story of the park, revealing the concept of Christian "original sin" to promote human beings should be realistic attitude to bear the burden of earthly life , Save yourself with atonement. The story of the restoration of the paradise with Jesus' victory over all the temptations of Satan shows that mankind can overcome all kinds of suffering and save if he can improve his character. "Warrior Samson" by the tragic character Samson, imprisoned, blind, suffered humiliation, at the expense of revenge life experience, complained about Milton's own political experience and idealsand beliefs, praised the struggle for the noble cause Perseverance of the character and at the expense of their salvation spirit.The image of the people, Milton out of the need to express the salvation of the lofty ideals, the choice of ambitious events as the theme, the use of magnificent long poems as a genre to lead the classic, magnificent style, creating a literary history of the classic image: Jesus, Samson, Adam and Eve. The image of the characters with the poet on the shaping of the idea of redemption. Adam and Eve are the ancestors of mankind, who have universal qualities of mankind, the condition of salvation; Jesus is the embodiment of the poet's ideal personality, virtue is the basis of salvation; Samson is the typical image of the road to salvation, Mankind brings hope of salvation.。
约翰弥尔顿的名词解释
约翰弥尔顿的名词解释约翰·弥尔顿（John Milton）是一位享有盛誉的英国作家，被公认为是文艺复兴时期最伟大的诗人之一。
他以其卓越的诗歌创作和对人类自由思想的理解而闻名于世。
然而，对于那些不熟悉弥尔顿作品的人来说，他的名字可能只是一个陌生的单词，因此，本文将对弥尔顿的名字进行解释，深入探究他的作品，理解他的意义。
在解释约翰·弥尔顿这个名字之前，首先要了解他的背景和作品。
弥尔顿于1608年出生在英国伦敦，家庭地位较高，并接受了优秀的教育。
他在剑桥大学学习，尤其受到对拉丁文化和意大利文学的研究的影响。
弥尔顿继承了文艺复兴时期的人文主义思想，注重个人价值和人类自由。
作为一名诗人，弥尔顿被广泛认可的作品是《失乐园》（Paradise Lost），这部叙事长诗是他最知名也是最引人注目的作品之一。
《失乐园》描绘了上帝与撒旦之间的争斗，以及人类面对诱惑与罪恶的抉择。
这部作品不仅展示了弥尔顿丰富的想象力和诗歌才华，还通过人类思考和自由的主题，触及了人们内心最深的情感。
弥尔顿是一位具有政治倾向的作家，他的作品经常涉及自由、权力和反抗的主题。
然而，本文旨在避开政治话题，以便更好地聚焦于弥尔顿的名字解释。
约翰这个名字是一个普遍的男性名字，它源于希伯来语中的“约翰尼”，意思是“上帝是仁慈的”。
这个名字可能是弥尔顿家族的传统命名，也可能反映了弥尔顿对宗教和神秘主题的关注。
而弥尔顿这个姓氏在英国也相对常见，它源于一个地名，可能来自于“Mills Town”，意为“有许多磨房的城镇”。
这个姓氏的来源与弥尔顿家族的家族史有关，可能与他们的祖先在生产和贸易方面的活动有关。
然而，这只是对弥尔顿姓氏的假设，没有确切的记录来证实其来源。
总体而言，约翰·弥尔顿这个名字代表了一个伟大的诗人和思想家，他的作品深刻地扣人心弦，触摸到了人类最深层次的情感。
他对自由、个人价值和宗教思想的探讨，使他的作品超越了时代，并对后世产生了深远的影响。
John-Milton(弥尔顿)--英国文学
Lord Protector Oliver Cromwell died in October, 1658, and the days of the Commonwealth were coming to a close.
In early 1659, Milton published A Treatise of Civil Power and Ready and Easy Way To Establish a Free Commonwealth.
《力士参孙》
4. A handful of sonnets
• (1) 18 English and 5 Italian sonnets． • (2) They are compact（文体简洁，紧凑）
and well organized. • (3) The language is simple and
Chinese Translation
西里克：三年来尽管我的双眼
看来无斑无暇，却被夺去目 光—— 一无用处的眼珠已把视觉遗忘， 太阳、月亮和星星都整年不见， 男子、妇女的身影也从不出现。 我并不埋怨上天的意志和巨掌， 也不让信心和希望受丝毫影响， 仍坚持驾着我生命之船冲向前。
也许你要问：我靠什么来支持？ 靠良知：朋友；为了捍卫自由， 我累坏了眼睛，而这崇高责职，
Commonwealth & Restoration
•Secretary for Foreign Tongues •Hiding, brief imprisonment • Concerned with the social upheavals of the time, Milton defended the English Commonwealth
约翰.弥尔顿(John_Milton)
The poem starts with the speaker, Milton, reflecting upon his blindness and how God expects him to make full use of his ability as a writer, if he cannot even see the paper on which he writes. The talent of the poet is useless now that he is losing his sight , even though he wishes to serve God with his writing now more than ever. After stating this problem, he wonders if God wants him to do smaller tasks since he can no longer see light or use his talent. Milton own patience answers his question as foolish: that God does not need man to do work for Him and those obedient to Him bear his mild yoke. Patience continues to tell Milton that God is being continuously served by thousands of people and the natural world. Most importantly Milton understands that waiting can be its own kind of service. When expressing this, Milton expresses it in a tone of depression and frustration.
弥尔顿的名词解释
弥尔顿的名词解释弥尔顿（John Milton）是英国文学史上一位备受推崇的重要作家。
他的名字常常与史诗和政治思想联系在一起。
然而，对于一位如此丰富多彩的作家，仅仅用这些形容词来描述是远远不够的。
在本文中，我们将探讨弥尔顿的多重身份，试图对他的名词解释进行全面而深入的剖析。
首先，弥尔顿是一位诗人。
他的史诗作品《失乐园》至今仍被广泛阅读和研究。
这部作品讲述了亚当和夏娃被逐出伊甸园的故事，探讨了人类的原罪以及对自由意志和道德选择的思考。
《失乐园》以其雄伟宏大的叙事和崇高的思想而闻名于世，被誉为英国文学的经典之作。
弥尔顿的诗歌风格高峰为弯折文体，运用了丰富的修辞手法和韵律，使其作品具有独特的音乐感和节奏感。
其次，弥尔顿是一位政治家。
他生活在英国内战期间，对于当时的政治局势充满了兴趣和热情。
他的政治思想深受共和主义和自由派思想的影响，尤其是伊利亚斯·罗多姆（Elias Rooden）和詹姆斯·哈特雷（James Hartley）等人的理论。
弥尔顿的政治理念体现在他的著作《论出版自由》和《论达文主义》中。
他坚信个人的自由和言论的自由是民主社会的基石，也是思想独立和进步的基础。
他的政治理念虽然未能得到当时政权的认可，但他的思想对后来的政治思潮产生了深远的影响。
此外，弥尔顿也是一位教育家。
他在教育方面有着深入的研究和实践经验。
他在伦敦大学担任拉丁文教师的职务，他的教学方式以培养学生独立思考和全面发展为核心。
他的教育理念集中体现在他的著作《帕尔阿迪斯学院》和《童女圣母训诫书》中。
弥尔顿强调通过培养创造力和批判性思维来引导学生，他认为教育应该使学生能够拥有自主思考和洞察事物的能力，成为充满理想和热情的社会公民。
除此之外，弥尔顿还是一位戏剧家。
虽然他的戏剧作品并不如他的史诗那样闻名世界，但他的戏剧作品仍然展现了他丰富的文学才华和对人性的独特洞察。
其中，最受欢迎的作品是《圣诞圣女玛利亚》和《他加拉》。
约翰弥尔顿JohnMilton的简介ppt
为英国革命辩护，反对法国干涉英国 革命。
翻译作品
《伊尼特》
古罗马诗人维吉尔的作品，是英 语文学中的重要译本。
《荷马史诗》
古希腊史诗《伊利亚特》和《奥 德赛》的英译本，对英国文学影 响深远。
03
约翰弥尔顿的影响
对英国文学的影响
确立了英国文学的古典主义传统
约翰弥尔顿的诗歌和散文作品，如《失乐园》和《复乐园》，对英国文学的古 典主义传统产生了深远的影响，为后来的作家提供了典范。
18世纪
弥尔顿的作品逐渐受到重视和推 崇，成为英国文学经典之一。
02
约翰弥尔顿的作品
诗歌
《失乐园》
描述人类失去乐园的故事，是弥尔顿最著名的作 品之一。
《复乐园》
描述耶稣在沙漠中抵御魔鬼诱惑的故事。
《撒旦之书》
描述撒旦和其反叛天使的历程。
散文
《论出版自由》
主张言论自由和出版自由，对后世 影响深远。
作品价值的重新审视
随着时代的变化，人们对约翰弥尔顿的作品价值进行了重新审视，对其主题、风格和技巧等方面进行了深入探讨。
THANKS
感谢观看
约翰弥尔顿的作品对欧洲浪漫主义文学产生了重要的影响， 他的诗歌中所表达的人性、自由和信仰等主题，成为了欧洲 浪漫主义文学的重要思想来源。
对后世作家的启示
强调诗歌的艺术性
约翰弥尔顿的作品强调了诗歌的艺术性，他通过自己的创作实践证明了诗歌不仅 是表达情感和思想的工具，更是一种艺术形式。
重视诗歌的社会责任感
父亲去世后，继承了家族 的地产，开始过着乡绅生 活。
政治生涯
1640年
担Hale Waihona Puke 国会议员，支持共和 制。1649年
约翰弥尔顿(中英)简介
Milton’s Quotes
2.Better to reign in hell than serve in heaven.
• 上天堂尽职，不如下地狱独裁。
Milton’s Quotes
3.The childhood shows the man, as morning shows the day.
❖ John Milton’s poetry
•On His Bindness
❖ when I consider how my light is spent Ere half my days in this world and wide And that one telent which in death to hide Lodged with me useless, though my soul more bent To serve there with my Marker,and present My true accont,lest He returning chide "Doth God exact day labour ,light denied!"
❖ 弥尔顿一生三次结婚，第一位太太小他17岁，第二 位小他20岁，第三位小他30岁。婚姻中有多次磕绊， 他曾多次写一些论述离婚的小册子。1644年，因为
这类小册子，再次被国会招去质询，恼怒之际，慷 慨陈辞，诞生言论出版史上里程碑式的文献—— 《论出版自由》。但这次充满激情和思辨的演讲在
当时并未引起太大反响，出版许可制度在半个世纪
后才在英国叫停。不过，由于美国独立战争和法国
大革命，弥尔顿的思想逐渐被世人认识并受到推崇。 《论出版自由》被译为多种文字，流传开来。
米尔顿生平简介
一、米尔顿生平简介约翰・弥尔顿（John Milton,1608～1674）英国诗人、政论家。
1608年12月9日出生于伦敦一个富裕的清教徒家庭。
父亲爱好文学，受其影响，弥尔顿从小喜爱读书，尤其喜爱文学。
1625年16岁时入剑桥大学，并开始写诗，1632年取得硕士学位。
因目睹当时国教日趋反动，他放弃了当教会牧师的念头，闭门攻读文学6年，一心想写出能传世的伟大诗篇。
1638年弥尔顿为增长见闻到当时欧洲文化中心意大利旅行，拜会了当地的文人志士，其中有被天主教会囚禁的伽利略。
弥尔顿深为伽利略在逆境中坚持真理的精神所感动。
翌年听说英国革命即将爆发，便中止旅行，仓促回国，投身革命运动。
1641年，弥尔顿站在革命的清教徒一边，开始参加宗教论战，反对封建王朝的支柱国教。
他在一年多的时间里发表了5本有关宗教自由的小册子，1644年又为争取言论自由而写了《论出版自由》。
1649年，革命阵营中的独立派将国王推上断头台，成立共和国。
弥尔顿为提高革命人民的信心和巩固革命政权，发表《论国王与官吏的职权》等文，并参加了革命政府工作，担任拉丁文秘书职务。
1652年因劳累过度，双目失明。
1660年，王朝复辟，弥尔顿被捕入狱，不久又被释放。
从此他专心写诗，为实现伟大的文学抱负而艰苦努力，在亲友的协助下，共写出3首长诗：《失乐园》(1667)，《失乐园》(1671)和《力士参孙》(1671)。
1674年11月8日卒于伦敦。
二、主要作品《论出版自由》《论国王与官吏的职权》《失乐园》《失乐园》《力士参孙》《荷马史诗》《神曲》三、《失乐园》作品简介《失乐园》(1667)长约一万行，分十二卷，故事取自《旧约》。
夏娃和亚当因受撒旦引诱，偷吃知识树上的禁果，违背了上帝旨令，被逐出乐园。
撒旦原是大天使，但他骄矜自满，纠合一部分天使，和上帝作战(卷5、6)，于是被打到地狱里遭受苦难(卷1、2)。
他这时已无力反攻天堂，才想出间接报复的办法，企图毁灭上帝创造的人类。
约翰 米尔顿
约翰米尔顿(John Milton) 1608-1674Major works:(1) Paradise Lost.失乐园(2) Paradise Regained. 复乐园(3) Samson Agonistes.力士参孙约翰.弥尔顿,伟大的诗人,革命文豪。
很多文学批评家都认为，英国诗人中除了莎士比亚之外，当首推弥尔顿。
他生于伦敦，在剑桥大学的克莱斯特学院获得学士和硕士学位后，便开始专心于诗歌创作。
1632年至1638年五年间，弥尔顿辞去了政府部门的工作，住到他父亲郊外的别墅中，整日整夜的阅读，他几乎看全了当时所有英语、希腊语、拉丁语和意大利语作品。
在这段时期弥尔顿写作了《酒神之假面舞会》等一些作品。
1632年至1637年期间，弥尔顿几乎读遍了当时所有英语，希腊语，拉丁语和意大利语的作品。
1638年，弥尔顿去欧洲旅行，他在意大利停留了大部分时间。
由于英国动荡的宗教局面弥尔顿提前回国，他所写的一些小册子被歪曲，他本人也被烙上了激进分子的烙印。
1642年，弥尔顿与玛利·普威尔结婚，新娘只有十七岁。
六个星期后，无法处理好新婚生活的玛利回到了她父母家，弥尔顿写信要求离婚。
但最终他们和解了，玛利为弥尔顿生下了四个孩子，其中的一个孩子生下没多久就夭折了。
1651年，弥尔顿原本就衰弱的视力变得更坏，他彻底失明了。
玛利死后，弥尔顿再婚，几个月后，这位新妻子因为难产而死。
弥尔顿的第三任妻子是伊丽莎白·明萨尔，这段婚姻维持的较长也较幸福。
1639年，由于英国动荡的宗教和政治形势，弥尔顿于翌年回国，准备投身于即将爆发的英国革命。
弥尔顿随后写出一系列政论文，支持清教徒的革命。
1649年他担任克伦威尔派的弥尔顿曾在其国务会议中任拉丁文秘书。
他先后写了《为英国人声辩》，《再为英国人声辩》两篇檄文，为”弑君“正名，成功地反击了欧洲的保皇派，自己也因此声望大增。
由于过度疲劳，弥尔顿于1652年双目失明，他随即辞去了公职，但从未停止为革命呐喊，在复辟前两个月还发表了《建立共和国的捷径》一文。
约翰弥尔顿JohnMilton的简介ppt
弥尔顿的散文作品同样具有深厚 的文学造诣，他的散文风格清新
自然，语言流畅。
在他的散文作品中，可以看到他 对社会现实的深刻洞察和对人性
的细腻描绘。
弥尔顿的散文作品常常以对话或 独白的形式展开，通过生动的人 物形象和情节来阐述他的思想和
观点。
戏剧创作及演出情况
弥尔顿在戏剧创作方面也颇有建树，他的戏剧作品以深刻的思想内涵和精湛的艺术 表现赢得了广泛的赞誉。
社会影响力
他的作品和思想深刻地反映了当时社会的政治、宗教和文化冲突，对 后世的社会思潮和文学发展产生了重要影响。
国际影响力
弥尔顿的作品被翻译成多种语言，在世界范围内广泛传播，对国际文 学产生了深远的影响。
对后世的启示
弥尔顿的坚持和勇气激励着后世的文学家和读者，他的作品和思想将 继续在文学史上熠熠生辉。
02 约翰弥尔顿文学创作
诗歌创作特点及风格
约翰·弥尔顿的诗歌以宏伟的构 思、深邃的思想和精湛的艺术 技巧著称。
他的诗歌风格庄重、高雅，语 言富有韵律感和音乐性，常常 运用象征、隐喻等修辞手法。
弥尔顿的诗歌主题广泛，涉及 宗教、政治、历史等多个领域， 表达了他对自由、正义和真理 的不懈追求。
散文作品欣赏与分析
网络传播与社交媒体
随着网络技术的发展，约翰·弥尔顿的作品在各大文学网站 、社交媒体平台上得到广泛传播和分享，进一步扩大了其 作品的受众范围。
学术研究与探讨
约翰·弥尔顿的作品在当代文学研究领域也备受关注，学者 们对其诗歌风格、主题思想、艺术成就等方面进行了深入 研究和探讨。
经典作品赏析与解读
《失乐园》
韧不拔的品质。
对后世文学创作启示
01
追求自由与独立精神
约翰·弥尔顿的作品中充满了对自由与独立的追求，这种精神对后世文
英国文学-John Milton (1608-1674)
Paradise Regained Samson Agonistes源自 I. Life and Works
1. Boyhood At 12 we found him already a scholar in spirit: “When I was yet a child, no children play To me was pleasing; all my mind was set Serious to learn and know, and thence to do What might be public good; myself I thought Born to that end, born to promote all truth, All righteous things.”
II. Paradise Lost II.
1. Milton’s masterpiece, and the greatest English epic
12 books, done in blank verse The stories are taken from the Old Testament: 。the creation; 。the rebellion in Heaven of Satan and his fellow-angels; 。their defeat and expulsion from Heaven; 。the creation of the earth and of Adam and Eve; 。the fallen angels in hell plotting against God; 。Satan’s temptation of Eve; 。the departure of Adam and Eve from Eden.
弥尔顿写作特点
弥尔顿写作特点约翰·弥尔顿（John Milton）是17世纪英国著名的文学家和诗人，被誉为英国文艺复兴时期最杰出的作家之一、他的写作风格和特点对英国文学产生了重要影响。
下面将介绍弥尔顿的写作特点。
首先，弥尔顿的写作特点之一是复杂的句法结构和修辞手法。
他的作品中充满了长句和使用各种修辞手法来增强表达力。
他经常使用修辞问答、排比和倒装等手法来突出重点和增加句子的表现力。
例如，在他最著名的史诗巨著《失乐园》中，他使用了大量的修辞和复杂的句法结构来营造出一种庄严而雄伟的叙事氛围。
其次，弥尔顿的写作特点还包括对宗教和政治议题的关注。
他是一位虔诚的基督徒，他的作品中深深地体现了对上帝、信仰和宗教理念的探索。
《失乐园》中的故事主题是亚当和夏娃的堕落，探讨了关于人类罪恶、自由意志和上帝的正义等与宗教信仰相关的问题。
此外，弥尔顿对政治问题也有浓厚的兴趣。
在他的一些政治论文和著作中，他表达了对专制主义和监禁言论自由的批评，强调了自由和个人权利的重要性。
此外，弥尔顿的写作特点还包括对古代文学和文化的深入了解和熟练运用。
他广泛研究了希腊和罗马文学作品，尤其是荷马史诗和希腊悲剧。
他从古希腊文学中汲取灵感和启发，创造了《失乐园》中英雄史诗的形式，运用史诗叙事和英雄人物来传达他的思想和意图。
他还翻译过许多古代文学作品，将古代文化带入了现代英国文学。
最后，弥尔顿的写作特点还包括其对个人和独立思考的重视。
他秉持着个人独立和自由的信念，强调每个人都有追求真理和表达思想的权利。
他的作品表达了他对个人权利和自由的坚定信仰。
此外，他的作品也鼓励读者思考和质疑已有的权威和观点，激励人们发展独立思考能力。
总结起来，弥尔顿的写作特点包括复杂的句法结构和修辞手法、对宗教和政治议题的关注、对古代文学和文化的深入了解和应用以及对个人和独立思考的重视。
这些特点使他的作品在17世纪的文学史上占据了重要地位，并对后世的文学产生了广泛影响。
英国文学--米尔顿milton
哀失明
想到了在这茫茫黑暗的世界里， 还未到半生这两眼就已失明， 想到了我这个泰伦特，要是埋起来， 会招致死亡，却放在我手里无用， 虽然我一心想用它服务造物主， 免得报账时，得不到他的宽容； 想到这里，我就愚蠢地自问， "神不给我光明，还要我做日工?"
但"忍耐"看我在抱怨，立刻止住我： "神并不要你工作，或还他礼物。 谁最能服从他，谁就是忠于职守， 他君临万方，只要他一声吩咐， 万千个天使就赶忙在海陆奔驰， 但侍立左右的，也还是为他服务。" (殷宝书 译)
Theme
“assert eternal Providence and justify the ways of God to man” Traditional idea: -Milton is exposing God’s tyranny and singing praise of Satan’s revolt against the unjust God. -Satan is the real hero of the poem.
So Adam and Eve fall from grace
Although centred on the human drama of Adam and Eve, the hero of the poem is Satan whose description in Book 1, soon after the fall, is really great and powerful.
He traveled in France and Italy and returned to London in 1639. After the Revolution succeeded, and commonwealth was established, Milton became Latin Secretary to the council of Foreign Affairs. In 1652, he became totally blind due to overwork. With the Restoration in 1660, Milton was imprisoned .
米尔顿最伟大的三部诗作
米尔顿（John Milton）是一位英国文学家，他给文学作品带来了终极的变革，他的三
部伟大的诗作也使他成为英语史上最重要的文学家之一。
他的三部诗作“撒旦落羽”（Paradise Lost）、”撒旦落羽的续集”（Paradise Regained）和“撒旦落羽的报复”（Samson Agonistes），被誉为英语史上最伟大的诗歌作品。
《撒旦落羽》（Paradise Lost）是米尔顿的首部伟大的诗作，它的主题是关于亚当和
夏娃从上帝之园掉入地狱的故事。
该诗以上帝创造世界，撒旦叛逆上帝和两人被外逐出伊
甸园为前提，描述了撒旦如何收买亚当和夏娃，展现了他们的人性，以及上帝如何宽恕他们，并赐予他们新的希望。
《撒旦落羽的续集》（Paradise Regained）是米尔顿的第二部伟大的诗作，它的主题
是关于耶稣在撒旦的诱惑下，赢得胜利的故事。
在这部诗作中，耶稣被描述为一位有智慧，有勇气，有信心的英雄，他最终战胜了撒旦，从而拯救了人类。
《撒旦落羽的报复》（Samson Agonistes）是米尔顿最后一部伟大的诗作，它的主题
是关于圣经中撒母耳记中撒门的故事，他最终以报复撒旦为代价成为英雄。
这部诗作描述
了撒门被贬黜，失去力量，被仇敌抓走，最终拿自己的生命作为代价，战胜了撒旦的场景，展现了他的勇气和忠诚。
米尔顿的三部伟大的诗作不仅被誉为最伟大的英语诗作，而且也被认为是整个西方文
学的里程碑。
他的作品被翻译成其他语言，并被不同文化的人们所欣赏，他的影响力深远。
米尔顿伟大的三部诗作为人类文明作出了重大贡献，令人敬佩。
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John Milton约翰.弥尔顿(1608-1674)
十七世纪英国诗人、政论家，民主斗士。
弥尔顿是清教徒文学的代表，他的一生都在为资产阶级民主运动而奋斗，他代表作《失乐园》是和《荷马史诗》、《神曲》
并称为西方三大诗歌。
1st period:
1608年出生于伦敦一个富裕的清教徒家庭。
父亲爱好文学，受其影响，弥尔顿从小喜爱读书，尤其喜爱文学。
1625年16岁时进入剑桥大学，并开始写诗，1629年与1632年弥尔顿先后获得了学士和硕士学位。
其间，他写下了《欢乐的人》、《沉思的人》等著名的诗篇。
毕业后，弥尔顿随开明的父亲退居到伦敦郊区科纳河畔的小村子霍顿，开始了长达6年的自我进修。
希腊语、西班牙语、法语，甚至闪族语。
叙利亚语和希伯来语都已难不到他，再也没有什么可以阻止他最终成为英国最博学的诗人了。
1634年这个清教徒居然应朋友之邀写出了一部空前的假面舞剧《科玛斯》，演出后大获成功，反响强烈。
与假面舞剧奇幻华丽的风格不同的是，之后弥尔顿写出的《利瑟达斯》，则是一首哀婉、严峻、体现了丰富的思想与逻辑的挽诗，(与雪莱的《阿多尼斯》、丁尼生的《悼念集》和阿诺德的《色希斯》并称为英国“四大悼亡诗”)。
2nd period
1638年弥尔顿为增长见闻到当时欧洲文化中心意大利旅行，拜会了当地的文人志士，其中有被天主教会囚禁的伽利略。
弥尔顿深为伽利略在逆境中坚持真理的精神所感动。
翌年听说英国革命即将爆发，便中止旅行，仓促回国，投身革命运动。
1641年，弥尔顿站在革命的清教徒一边，开始参加宗教论战，反对封建王朝的支柱国教。
他在一年多的时间里发表了5本有关宗教自由的小册子，1644年又为争取言论自由而写了《论出版自由》。
1649年，革命阵营中的独立派将国王（查理一世）推上断头台，成立共和国。
弥尔顿为提高革命人民的信心和巩固革命政权，发表《论国王与官吏的职权》等文，并参加了革命政府工作，担任拉丁文秘书职务。
3rd period
1652年因劳累过度，双目失明。
1660年，王朝复辟，弥尔顿被捕入狱，不久又被释放。
从此他专心写诗，为实现伟大的文学抱负而艰苦努力，在亲友的协助下，共写出3首长诗：《失乐园》(1667)，《复乐园》(1671)和《力士参孙》(1671)。
1674年11月8日卒于伦敦。
死后与莎士比亚，乔叟齐名。
Paradise Lost《失乐园》
《失乐园》是弥尔顿最杰出的作品之一，这部叙事长诗是由12卷本的素体无韵诗写成。
取材于《旧约·圣经》创世纪一章。
《失乐园》是描写人类堕落的长篇史诗，讲述了人祖亚当和夏蛙在伊甸园中原奉纯真无邪，因魔鬼撒旦的诱惑而反抗上帝的旨意，以致堕落致罪的过程。
诗中的主角是撒旦(也以恶魔之名出现)是第一个背叛上帝，发动天国叛乱的堕落天使，他的同伴也是破逐出天国的天使。
为了唆使亚当与夏蛙反抗上帝，撒旦经历了各种危险和考验。
《失乐园》结构上继承了古希腊罗马的史诗传统，描写了天堂和地狱、混沌和人间多种壮阔的场景。
在这部复杂的作品中，人类失去乐园的故事表达了作者的清教主义，对撒旦的描写则倾注着他的革命思想，正是那些歌颂叛逆者的响亮诗行构成了诗中最动人的篇章。
它是17世纪英国诗坛的一部杰作，是英国资产阶级革命的宏伟史诗。
《失乐园》主题：
表达了诗人清教主义，说明人类不幸来源。
贯穿了诗人高昂的革命激情和对英国资产阶级革命的反思。
《失乐园》撒旦形象：
受迫害但不屈不挠，反抗权威的资产阶级革命家形象。
双重性：
①、斗志昂扬、不屈不挠反抗权威，反映革命失败后，资产阶级革命家们毫不气馁的斗争精神。
具有权威、勇气、领袖才能和政治家风度。
②、矜持自大，为非作歹的堕落天使。
暗示资产阶级失败原因。
（恶性膨胀原因）
Samson Agonists《力士参孙》
是诗体悲剧，取材旧约《士师记》，多认为是弥尔顿最有力的感人作品.
创作于（1671）取材于《旧约（Old Testament）》的《士师记（Book of Judges）》。
讲述的是以色列的大力士参孙被情人腓力斯人出卖，以色列人的统治者是腓力斯人，他们弄瞎了他的双眼。
参孙念念不望复仇。
后腓力斯人逼迫参孙演武，参孙推倒庙宇，与敌人同归于尽。
参孙充满献身精神，轻率的婚姻导致了不幸，虽双目失明却毫不屈服，
我们可以看到：《力士参孙》Samson Is Milton himself ,fighting for the freedom of his country.其实是一幅弥尔顿的自画像、参孙和弥尔顿都经历了不幸的婚姻生活；他们尽管被囚禁、双目失明，但是仍然不屈不挠。
同时通过描叙参孙的精神复苏，弥尔顿也表达了他对清教革命必胜的信念和决心。
这也是一本英国清教革命的宣言书。
这首诗剧以希腊悲剧为典范写成，突出地表现了人物的内心感受，具有震撼人心的力量。