铁路术语(中英文)

一、一般名词术语General

1、车辆的种类

铁道车辆rolling stock, railway vehicle, railway car 客车carriage, passenger car

货车wagon, freight car

特种车special car

钢木车steel-wood car

全金属车all metal car

全钢车all steel car

二轴车two-axle car

四轴车four-axle car

六轴车six-axle car

转向架式车bogie car

关节式车articulated car

动车motor-car

拖车trailer

控制车controlling car

动车组powered car train-set

合造车combined car

简易客车simply equipped coach

代用客车substitute passenger car

双层客车double-deck coach

母车car with axle generator

子车car without axle generator

座车seat coach

硬座车semi-cushioned seat coach

软座车cushioned seat coach, soft seat coach 卧车sleeping car

硬卧车semi-cushioned berth sleeping car

软卧车cushioned berth sleeping car

餐车dining car

行车luggage van,baggage car

邮政车mail van,postal car

了望车observation car

公务车service car,private car

文教车culture and education car

医疗车hospital car

卫生车ambulance car

试验车test car

维修车maintenance car

宿营车dormitory van,train crew car

轨道检查车track inspection car

轨道探伤车rail faults detection car

隧道摄影车tunnel-photographing car

限界检查车structure gauge detection car

检衡车track scale test car

发电车generator car

锅炉车boiler car

救援车relief car

敞车open-top car,gondola car

棚车covered wagon,box car

平车flat car

罐车tank car

守车caboose, brake van

煤车coal car

砂石车gravel car

矿石车ore car

漏斗车hopper car

水泥车cement car

保温车thermal car

隔热车insulated-cover wagon,insulated box car

加冰冷藏车ice-cooled refrigerator car

冷冻板冷藏车eutectic-ice-cooled refrigerator car

加温车heater car

冷藏加温车refrigerator and heater car

机械冷藏车mechanical refrigerator car

单节机械冷藏车mono-unit mechanical refrigerator car 机冷货物车mechanical refrigerator freight car

机冷发电车mechanical refrigerator generating car

机械冷藏车组mechanical refrigerator car train-set

通风车ventilated car

家畜车live stock car, stock car

活鱼车fish car

零担办公车office car for peddler train

毒品车posion car

集装箱车container car

长大货物车heavy-duty car,high capacity car

凹底平车depressed center flat car

落下孔车well car, well-hole car

双联平车twinned flat car

钳夹车schnabel car

自动倾翻车side dump car

除雪车sweeper, snow plow

长钢轨车组long rail car train-set

电站车组power station car train set

车辆纵向longitudinal direction of car

车辆横向transverse direction of car

车端end of car

一位端“B”end of car

二位端“A”end of car

一位侧No.1 position side

二位侧No. 2 position side

轴位position of axle

轮位position of wheel

梁位position of sill

车钩中心线高hright fron top of rail to coupler center

车辆长度length of car

车辆宽度width of car

车辆最大宽度max. width of car

车辆高度height of car

车辆最大高度max. height of car

车体长度length over ends of car body

底架长度length of underframe

罐体长度length of tank barrek

车体宽度width over sides of car body

底架长度underframe width

车体长inside length of car body

车体宽inside width of car body

车体侧面高inside height of car body

车体中心高inside height from floor to roof centre

地板面高height of floor from rail top

车辆定距（心盘中心距）length between bogie pivot centers

车辆全轴距total wheel base of car

车辆定距比ratio of car body length to length between bogie centres 换长equivalent length

旁承间隙side bearing clearance

自重tare weight

载重loading capacity

整备品重servicing weight

总重gross weight

自重系数coefficient of tare weight, tare-to-load capacity

每延米重load per meter of track

簧上重量suspended weight, weight above spring

簧下重量non-suspended weight, weight under spring

构造速度design speed

通过最小曲线半径min. radius of curvature negotiated

动力系数coefficient of kinetic force

振动舒适度comfortable quality of vibration

平稳性指标（振动舒适度指标）index of running stability

倾复稳定性security of over turing from track

脱轨稳定性security of derailment