2018届高考英语人教版大一轮复习领航课时规范训练选修八 Unit 2 Cloning Word版含答案

课时规范训练(三十七)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2016·高考全国乙卷)I am Peter Hodes，a volunteer stem cell courier.Since March 2012，I've done 89 trips—of those,51 have been abroad.I have 42 hours to carry stem cells (干细胞) in my little box because I've got two ice packs and that's how long they last.In all，from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor (捐献者) to the time they can be implanted in the patient，we've got 72 hours at most.So I am always conscious of time.
I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America.I picked up the stem cells in Providence，Rhode Island，and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London.But when I arrived at the check­in desk at Providence，the lady on the desk said：“Well，I'm really sorry，I've got some bad news for you—there are no flights from Washington.” So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said：“In this box are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patient—please，please，you've got to get me back to the United Kingdom.”She just dropped everything.She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me，re­routed(改道) me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled.
For this courier job，you're consciously aware that in that box you've got something that is potentially going to save somebody's life.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。

大家都知道，医生是救死扶伤的典范，作者虽然不是医生，但他的工作也与很多人的性命息息相关，大家快来读一读文章，了解一下他的工作吧！
1．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “courier” in Paragraph 1?
A．provider B．delivery man
C．collector D．medical doctor
解析：选B。

词义猜测题。

根据画线单词后的I've done 89 trips以及．..from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor to the time they can be implanted in the patient，we've got 72 hours ...可知，“我”是一个运送干细胞的人，运送有严格的时间限制，故B 项“送货员”与之相符合。

其他三项的意思：provider供应者；collector收集者，收藏家；medical doctor医生。

2．Why does Peter have to complete his trip within 42 hours?
A．He cannot stay away from his job too long.
B．The donor can only wait for that long.
C．The operation needs that much time.
D．The ice won't last any longer.
解析：选D。

细节理解题。

根据第一段的I have 42 hours to carry stem cells in my little box because I've got two ice packs and that's how long they last.可知，保存干细胞的冰只能维持42个小时，所以“我”必须在这个时间内送达，D项与之相符合。

A、B、C三项在文中未提及。

3．Which flight did the woman put Peter on first?
A．To London. B．To Newark.
C．To Providence. D．To Washington.
解析：选B。

细节理解题。

根据第二段的最后一句She arranged for a flight ...for me，re­routed me through Newark and got me back to the UK ...可知，她先安排“我”去了Newark，然后再转到英国，故选B项。

B
For foreigners, entering a public toilet in China can be a horrifying experience. In the 1990s, a third of all complaints to tourism officials in Beijing concerned the design, and the bad smell of public toilets.
China has battled smelly toilets for at least 2,000 years. In the Kingdom of Wei (220—266 A．D.), visitors to the palace bathrooms would find boxes to cover their nose and ward_off unpleasant smells. Both flushing (冲水) toilets and toilet paper were invented in China, however, only for the use of the emperor.
Today Chinese scientists have claimed victory in their battle to improve public restrooms, introducing a bacterial spray that can almost get rid of all the bad smell. First, a set of six types of bacteria work to break down the smelly compounds and then a perfume made from orange skin lightly scents (使芳香) the air. The “smell­free toile t” study from the Chinese Academy of Science was declared the “ultimate” cure to an_“urgent”_national_issue.
“Five scientists have worked on this from 2011 to the beginning of this year，” said Dr. Yan Zhiying, a bacteriologist with the academy's Chengdu Institute of Biology, adding that they had spent &140,000 on the project.
“Some local government officials here visited a sewage(污水) plant and saw that the treatment technology had come from Japan. They wanted a home­grown solution so they asked us to work on it，” he added.“We obtained bacteria from all types of waste from
humans, pigs, chicken and ducks, and we tested our compounds one by one，” he said.“The smells coming out of public toilets, or trash cans, are made up of more than 160 different compounds，”he explained, adding that their bacteria spray can change and absorb many of them.
He boasted that the Chinese formula (配方), which costs only around ￡5 per liter, has no side effects and can be used to remove any bad smell.
4．The underlined words “ward off” in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by ________.
A．keep out B．take out
C．give ont D．come out
5．The underlined phrase “an ‘urgent' national issue” refers to ________.
A．the treatment of sewage
B．a horrifying experience
C．the bad smell of public toilets
D．the 160 smelly compounds
6．Which has not been mentioned as an advantage of the bacteria spray?
A．Low price. B．No side effects.
C．Removing bad smells. D．Beautiful design.
7．Which can we infer after the spray is used in toilets in China?
A．People needn't use flushing toilets.
B．A perfume is given off in the air.
C．Tourists' complaints will be reduced.
D．Bacteria break down smelly compounds.
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文，介绍的是中国科学院成都生物研究所发明了一种除臭喷洒剂，能够除去厕所的各种异味。

4．解析：选A。

词义猜测题。

根据画线词前的find boxes to cover their nose可知用盒子把鼻子盖住是为了挡住难闻的气味。

keep out意为“阻止……进入”，符合语境。

take out 意为“拿出”，give out意为“分发；发出”，come out意为“出版；被揭晓”，均不符合语境。

5．解析：选C。

词义猜测题。

全文的焦点是中国公厕臭味难闻的问题，现在中科院正针对这个问题进行研究，显然这个全国性的紧急问题就是公共厕所的臭味。

故选C项。

6．解析：选D。

细节理解题。

依据文章最后一段He boasted that the Chinese formula，which costs only around ￡5 per liter，has no side effects and can be used to remove any bad smell.可知，这个除味喷剂的优点有：价格低、没有副作用、可去除任何臭味。

文中没
有提到D项(设计美观)。

故选D项。

7．解析：选C。

推理判断题。

根据第一段内容可知，三分之一的游客投诉是关于公厕的臭味问题，下文讲到中科院已经研制出一种除味喷剂，可以去除厕所的异味。

由此可以推断，这种喷剂在中国的公厕中喷洒后，游客的投诉应该会减少。

C
Everyone looks forward to progress, whether in one's personal life or in the general society. Progress indicates a person's ability to change the way he is living at the moment. Progress must lead to a better life and a better way of doing things. All these, however，remain true only in so far as people want to accept technology and move forward by finding new and more efficient ways of doing things.
However, at the back of the minds of many people，especially those who miss the “good old days”， efficiency comes with a price. When communication becomes more efficient, people are able to contact one another no matter where they are and at whatever time they wish to. The click of a button allows people miles apart to talk or see each other without even leaving their homes.With the communication gadgets,_such as mobile phones and iPads, people often do not take the effort to visit one another personally. A personal visit carries with it the additional feature of having to be in the person's presence for as long as the visit lasts. We cannot unnecessarily excuse ourselves or turn the other person off.
With efficiency also comes mass production. Such is the nature of factories and the success of industrialization today. Factories have improved efficiency. Unskillful tasks are left to machines and products are better made and produced with greater accuracy than any human hand could ever have done. However, with the improvements in efficiency also comes the loss of the personal touch when making these products. For example, many handicrafts (手工艺品) are now produced in a factory.Although this means that supply is better able to increase demand, now that the supply is quick and efficient, the demand might fall because mass production lowers the quality of the handicraft and it is difficult to find unique designs on each item.
Nevertheless, we must not commit the mistake of analyzing progress only from one point of view. In fact，progress has allowed tradition to keep up. It is only with progress and the invention of new technology that many old products can be brought back to their old state. New technology is required for old products to stay old.
It is people's attitude towards progress that causes the type of influence that
technology has on society.Technology is flexible. There is no fixed way of making use of it. Everything depends on people's attitude. The worst effects of progress will fall on those who are unable to rethink their attitudes and views of society. When we accept progress and adapt it to suit our needs, a new “past” is created.
8．The underlined word “gadgets” in Para. 2 is closest in meaning to “________”．A．tools B．messages
C．barriers D．skills
9．Compared with home­made handicrafts, machine­made products ________.
A．lack great accuracy
B．lack the personal touch
C．are of high value
D．are quite welcome
10．What can be learned about technology from Paragraph 4?
A．It can destroy old traditions.
B．It can lead to social progress.
C．It can be used to correct mistakes.
D．It can be used to preserve old products.
11．What can be concluded from the last paragraph?
A．Progress can suit the needs of daily life.
B．People review the past with great regret.
C．Technology should be introduced in a fixed way.
D．People's attitude decides the use of technology.
【语篇导读】科技的进步给我们带来了便捷的同时，也有一定的弊端。

是人们的态度决定着科技对社会的进步起推进作用还是阻挠作用。

8．解析：选A。

词义猜测题。

根据第二段“such as mobile phones and iPads”可知，gadgets 为交流的“工具”。

9．解析：选B。

细节理解题。

根据第三段“However，with the improvements in efficiency also comes the loss of the personal touch when making these products.”可知机器创造的产品缺少人的接触。

故选B。

10．解析：选D。

推理判断题。

根据第四段最后一句“New technology is required for old products to stay old.”可推出，新技术能用于保存旧的产品。

故选D。

11．解析：选D。

段落大意题。

最后一段第一句“It is people's attitude towards progress that causes the type of influence that technology has on society.”可知，人们的态度
决定技术的使用，这是本段的主题句。

D
(2017·河北衡水中学模拟)I have two kids, a boy and a girl. I don't worry about my girl；I'm sure she'll be well trained in mixed martial arts. I worry about my son. I'm pretty sure he's going to be feminine(女性化的). Sorry to say that, but let's face it. No dad wants his son to go feminine.
At the rate we're moving in a couple of years you won't be able to tell the difference between boys and girls. Sound extreme? Think about this. In every movie where advanced time­traveling beings come to our planet there's one constant：You can't tell the male aliens from the female aliens!
But that's the future. Kids today are soft and fat. People ask why. Is it junk food? No. Junk food has been around for fifty years. Is it video games? No. Video games have been around for thirty years.None of the kids playing them back in the day were terribly obese.We're all scratching our heads trying to figure out what we've introduced to society to ruin our kids. But it's not anything we've added that has ruined our kids. It's stuff we've gotten rid of.
Take the gym rope for example. Remember that thing that stretched from the floor to the ceiling in your gym class that you could never climb？Most of the kids couldn't make it to the top. But that wasn't the point; the point was you had to try while some m iddle­aged guy who couldn't make it up a flight of stairs shouted at you. We should have put our son on that rope, and given him a head start. But we didn't want to shame the boy, so we took it down.
Taking down the rope would be a good idea if there were no ropes in life. But they're everywhere. You just can't see them.They're in every goal unrealized and expectation not met. The point everyone missed about the rope is you weren't supposed to make it to the top. It was there to create a fire that burned in the oversized belly of every kid.
12．What is the example of aliens used to show?
A．Girls are growing like boys.
B．Boys are going feminine.
C．There are really time­traveling beings.
D．Alien movies are popular with children.
13．What causes kids today to be soft and fat?
A．Junk food.
B．Video games.
C．Stuff introduced to society.
D．Things removed from society.
14．How does the author find teenagers today?
A．They have too much dignity.
B．They are overprotected.
C．They are less independent.
D．They are thought too highly of.
15．What does the rope probably symbolize?
A．Goals. B．Expectations.
C．Competition. D．Assistance.
【语篇导读】本文为议论文。

作者分析了导致男孩子女性化的原因。

12．解析：选B。

推理判断题。

第二段作者给出了电影中外星人的例子是为了证明本段的主题句。

根据“you won't be able to tell the difference between boys and girls”，再结合第一段最后一句可知第二段作者给出外星人的例子，目的是说现在的男孩子女性化了。

故答案为B项。

13．解析：选D。

事实细节题。

根据第三段中的“But it's not anything we've added that has ruined our kids.It's stuff we've gotten ride of.”可知答案为D项。

14．解析：选B。

推理判断题。

根据第四段可知当今的孩子被过分地保护。

故答案为B项。

15．解析：选C。

推理判断题。

根据倒数第一、二段可知作者举例中的rope指的是生活中的竞争(competition)。

故答案为C项。

Ⅱ.七选五
Being energy and resource efficient and conscious of improving the health and well­being of the work environment will likewise reduce the costs of running one business.____1____
Conserve your computer's energy.
For many people with desk jobs the computer is necessary to preserve things done.____2____It is estimated that people waste over $1 billion on electricity every year just in computer use! To conserve energy from your computer use, turning off your computer when it's not in use may be a good choice.
3____
It is already bad enough that you have to worry about air pollution every time you
walk outside, but it is likewise a big priority when you work inside. So, open your windows to increase airflow. If you can't open windows, be sure to take outdoor breaks throughout the day. And don't smoke in or near the office.
Green your desk, cubicle (小房间), office ...
4____Or, even better, buy plants for all of your neighbors. They will not only see this as one friendly gesture, but they'll likewise have cleaner air to breathe! Plants absorb indoor air pollution and increase the flow of oxygen, therefore winning a green decoration to complement your desk!
Recycle.
There are many items in your office that you can recycle.____5____You are capable of acquiring a few bins and posting recycling guidelines on them. Some of the items to be collected may include paper products，cardboard boxes, plastic bags, etc.
A．Maintain healthy airflow.
B．Yet this “efficiency” comes at a cost.
C．It's time to “go green” at work, and here is how.
D．Literally earn a plant and place it on or near your desk.
E．It's natural to accept similar measures at work to save energy.
F．If you do not have one recycling station at work, start one on your own!
G．Setting the computer to the sleep mode when you're away temporarily makes good sense.
【解题导语】本文主要介绍了同环保相关的一些内容。

1．解析：选C。

根据文章第一句及下文列举的具体内容可知，空处起承上启下的作用。

故C 项符合语境。

2．解析：选B。

根据下文中的“people waste over $1 billion on electricity every year just in computer use”可知，B项“但是，这种‘效率'的出现是有代价的”符合语境。

3．解析：选A。

根据本段的内容尤其是“a big priority when you work inside”“increase airflow”可知，本段主要讲的是要保持空气的流通方面的内容。

故A项最能概括本段的主要内容。

4．解析：选D。

根据下文中的“Or，even better，buy plants for all of your neighbors.”以及“winning a green decoration to complement your desk”可知D项符合语境。

5．解析：选F。

根据下文中的“You are capable of acquiring a few bins and posting recycling guidelines on them.”可知，F项“如果你工作的地方没有回收站的话，你自己动手成立一个”符合语境。