英语句子成分和五个基本句型

3．主语 + 谓语 + 宾语
1）The boss employed five more workers. 主语 谓语 宾语 2）My brother takes care of the vegetable garden. 3）Few students like taking exams. 4）He forgot to close the door. 5）I hope I can speak English fluently.
二.五种简单句基本句型
主语+系+表语 主语+谓语

及物动词
系动词
动词
不及物动词

主语+谓语+宾语 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语
1．主语 + 系动词 + 表语
1）Our city is at the crossing of some important railways. 主语 系动词 表语 2）The city will become rich. 主语 系动词 表语 在这类结构中最常用的系动词是： “变化”类： get/ become/ turn/grow/go __________________________________________. “感官”类: taste/ smell/ feel/look/sound __________________________________________. “持续”类： stay/ keep/remain ___________________________________________. 其他：（似乎）________ _______ (证明是)_________ Seem appear turn out/
七）宾语补足语。英语有些及物动词，除了要有宾语之 外，还要加上宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完整。

They elected me captain of the team. 名词 We try to make our country strong. 形容词 We found everything in good order there.介词短语 I should advise you to get the chance. to do 不定式 I saw him going upstairs. 现在分词 doing They found the house broken in. done 过去分词
（四）宾语 表示动作的对象，是动作的承受者。宾语一 动词/动词短语 之后。_____ 介词 词后也会跟宾语。 般放在___________

She covered her face with her hands. 名词 n We haven't seen her for a long time. 代词 pron 动名词 Do you mind opening the window? Give me four please. 代词和数词 He wants to dream a nice dream. to do不定式 We need know what others are doing. 句子 We should care more about our friends. 介词+名词
名 词.单词作定语时通常放在它所修 （五）定语 是修饰___ 前 饰的名词之_____ ；短语和从句作定语时则放在它所修饰 的名词之_____ 后 。
名词 They are woman workers. Tom's father didn't write home until yesterday. 名词所有格 形容词 adj Mary is a beautiful girl.. 数词 The play has three acts. 形容词 /序数词 /to do 不定式 This is her first trip to Europe. China is a developing country. 现在分词 doing I have nothing to eat. to do 不定式 Those who want to go to Tibet are to sign their names here. 从句
宾语和宾语补足语一起构成动词的
复合结构
八）主语补足语 如果上述结构变成被动语态，原宾语成 为主语，原宾语补足语相应地变为主语补足语

I was elected captain of the team. Our country will be made strong.
与宾语补足语一样
构成句子的成分有很多，比如：主语、 谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语以及 表语等。 但是，我们要记住

wk.baidu.com
六）状语 状语表示地点、时间、原因、目 的、结果、条件、让步、伴随情况等。

The best fish swim near the bottom. 地点状语 I left the village five years ago. 时间状语 I arrived late because of the traffic jam . 原因状语 We'll send a car to fetch you. 目的状语 The fish can eat a person in two minutes , leaving 结果状语 only bones The students came into the classroom, singing and dancing. 伴随状语 If he goes, so will I . 条件状语 Though he is a child, he knows a lot. 让步状语
Exercise

我每天起的很早，走到小花园，坐在凳子上。
Every day I get up early, walk to the park and sit on the bench.

小鸟在树上欢快的歌唱，鱼儿在池塘 里自由的嬉戏，我玩得也高兴.
The birds sing happily in the tree, the fish play freely in the pool and I also enjoy myself.
Exercise

他违反了交通规则。 He broke the traffic rules. _________________________________.
他拿出一瓶啤酒，很快将其喝光。 He took out a bottle of beer and drank it up _________________________________. quickly. 他许诺给我一个礼物。 _________________________________. He promised to give me a gift.
系动词、连系动词 之后。 三）表语 它的位置在_______________ 性质 特征 状态 是用来说明主语的_______,______, _______ 的.
名词 n My father is a professor. 代词 pron Who's that? It's me. Everything here is expensive. 形容词 adj The match became very exciting. adj The story of my life may be of help to others. 介词短语 Three times five is fifteen. 数词 His plan is to seek work in the city. to do不定式 My first idea was that you should hide your feelings. 句子
英语的句子成分：


一） 主语： 名词 Walls have ears. 代词 He will take you to the hospital. 数词 Three plus four equals seven. to do不定式 To see is to believe. doing动名词 Smoking is not allowed in public places. 动词/动词短语 Whether or not they will come depends on the weather. 句子 二）谓语由__助动词或情态动词 ___________担任。加其他动词的适当形 式也构成谓语动词。 Action speaks louder than words. The chance may never come again. Mary has been working at the dress shop since 1994.
任何一个句子，都必须拥有自己的 主语和谓语！
归纳 简单句的五个基本句型 The train has arrived． 主语 +谓语 He seems quite reliable. 主语+系动词+表语 We are learning how to survive, how 主语+谓语+宾语 to be and how to learn at school. 主语+谓语+间宾+直宾. She told me how to deal with the difficulty. 主语+谓语+宾语+宾补. His noble example inspired the rest of 只要同学们能按照五个句型，就能写出正确的 us to greater efforts. 句子啦。
一、介绍与其重要性

句子是写作的基本单位，只有写好句子才有可 能写好文章。英语的句子成分有八种：
主语、谓语动词、表语、宾语、 定语、状语、主语补足语和宾语补足语。
●学会判断句子成分对以后学习难句奠定了基础。
英语句子的构成也有其特定的规律，掌握了句子 的基本句型、常见句式和词语的习惯搭配， 就能写出完整、正确的句子。


这个计划证明是可行的。 ____________________________________. The plan turned out/proved （to be) practical.
2．主语 + 谓语
1）Building has started. 主语 谓语 2）The train leaves at 7:40. 主语 谓语 动词副词 ______搭配：The teacher teaches well. The child walks very slowly. 动词介词 _____搭配： The girl looked at the picture. The children ran to the forest.
4．主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语
1）He has fetched us some new textbooks. 主语 谓语 间接宾语 直接宾语 2）Grandma cooked us a nice meal. 主语 谓语 间接宾语 直接宾语 3）The man told the girl that he wants to test her the subject. 4）The boy asked me if I could speak Chinese.
prove(to be)
Exercises

你的故事听起来很有趣。 You story sounded very interesting. ____________________________________.
树叶在秋天会变黄。 ____________________________________. Leaves turn yellow in fall. 这种炎热的天气将会保持几天。 The hot day will remain/stay/ keep a few days. ____________________________________.