of whom和of which用法归纳

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初中英语语法——三大从句汇总(重点笔记)

初中英语语法——三大从句汇总在英语中，主要有三大从句，即名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）、形容词性从句（即定语从句）、副词性从句（即状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）。

以下是一些基本的从句的语法知识点A、定语从句专项讲解与训练一、定语从句概念定语从句（attributive clause），顾名思义，就是一个句子作定语从属于主句。

定语一般是由形容词充当，所以定语从句又称作形容词从句。

另外，定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的，故又称作关系从句。

定语从句一般放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后，这种名词或代词被称作先行词。

请看示例：The woman who lives next door is a teacher.先行词定语从句在所有的从句中，算定语从句最难掌握，因为汉语里没有定语从句，汉语里只有定语，而且总是放在名词之前来修饰名词。

二、关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词代替前面的先行词，并且在定语从句中充当句子成分，可以作主语、宾语、定语等。

常见的关系代词有：who, that, which。

它们的主格、宾格和所有格如下表所示：先行词主格宾格所有格人 who whom whose物 which which whose of which人、物 that that —（一）关系代词who, whom和 whose的用法who代替人，是主格，在定语从句中作主语。

例如：An architect is a person who designs buildings. 建筑师是设计房屋的人。

I will never forget the teacher who taught us chemistry in the firstyear of my senior middle school.我将永远不会忘记在高一时教我们化学的那位老师。

Anyone who wants to apply for this job must send us the resume by email first. 想应聘这个职位的任何人都必须先通过电子邮件向我们发送简历。

of which的用法

of which的用法一、"Of which" 的含义和用法解析"Of which" 是一个常见的英语短语，主要用在从句中表示所属关系或描述某个集合中的部分。

它由介词 "of" 和代词 "which" 组成，可以在句子中作为介词短语或定语从句引导词使用。

1. 所属关系的表达在表达所属关系时，我们可以使用 "of which" 来连接两个名词，并且通常将"of which" 放置在被修饰名词后面。

例如：- The hotel, the rooms of which are recently renovated, is very popular among tourists.（这家酒店的客房最近进行了翻新，非常受游客欢迎。

）- She showed us her collection, some of which were rare antiques.（她向我们展示了她的藏品，其中一些是稀有的古董。

）2. 集合中的部分描述除了表示所属关系外，“of which” 也经常用来描述集合中的某个具体部分。

这种用法通常出现在以逗号分隔多个项目且需要详细展开解释时。

比如：- He listed several reasons for his decision, the most important of which was financial stability.（他列出了他做决定的几个理由，其中最重要的是财务稳定。

）- There are many dogs in the park, some of which are trained to assist people with disabilities.（公园里有很多狗，其中一些经过训练可以帮助残障人士。

）3. 关于介词位置的注意事项需要注意的是，"of which" 中的介词 "of" 不能提前到从句中的动词之前。

of which用法

of which用法
of which 是一个固定搭配，表示“哪一个/那些”，常用于将某个概念中的某部分拿出来新建一句，而其中前面的内容用于作为后面的定语从句的主语。

具体来说，of which 是一个由定冠词the + 名词组成的结构，用于后接一个表示特定事物的定语从句。

下面举一个例子：
The American Civil War lasted four years, of which the last year was the most destructive.
美国内战持续了4年，其中最后一年是最大的破坏力。

如果在本句子中把 of which 换成 which，就达不到表达的目的，因为 which 后面无法接定语从句，也就意味着不能指定究竟是哪一年。

of which 后面可以接介词短语、代词或者名词，也可以接十分复杂的句子，都是可以的。

下面举几个示例：
互联网使得可以在线订票，很多人都利用了这个优势。

他在伦敦参加了一场马拉松比赛，大部分用时不到三个小时就完成了。

哈佛大学拥有一个庞大的图书馆，其中有许多书籍都非常值钱。

另外， of which 后面要求接定语从句，但并不要求后面跟着定语从句中一定要有whom、which 和 that 的关系词，也可以是直接接主语、不定式或者形容词等等。

下面举例说明：
彼得是个医生，他很自豪。

这个城市满是各种画廊，去参观是一种很大的乐趣。

他出生于1908年，当时的社会仍然非常守财奴制。

总之，of which 是一种将某个概念中的某部分单独拿出来构成一句的结构，可以接介词短语、代词、名词或者复杂句子，通过用这个结构可以有效地描述内容。

whose的用法句型

whose的用法句型一、引言在英语中，"whose"是一个非常常用的疑问代词和相对代词。

它可以用来指代人或物的所有者或归属关系。

在句子中，"whose"经常被用于提问或表达所有权。

本文将详细介绍"whose"的用法和句型，帮助读者更好地理解和运用这个词。

二、基本用法1. 疑问句（Whose + 名词 + 动词）：这是最常见的使用方式，用于询问某个事物属于谁。

例如："Whose pen is this?"（这支钢笔是谁的？）2. 名词性从句：当主语或宾语是一个名词性从句时，可以使用"whose"来表示所属关系。

例如："I don't know whose car it is."（我不知道那辆车是谁的。

）三、指物的用法1. "of which"：当我们想要表达某样东西属于或与某物有关时，可以使用这种结构。

例如："The book, the cover of which was torn, belonged to me."（那本书，封面上撕了一个口子，是我的。

）2. "the...of which"：类似于第一种用法，在某些情况下我们可以使用这种结构来强调所述物品。

例如："The cake, the taste of which was absolutely delicious, was made by my grandmother."（那个蛋糕，味道非常好吃的，是我奶奶做的。

）四、指人的用法1. "of whom"：当我们想要表达某事属于或与某人有关时，可以使用这种结构。

例如："I met a woman yesterday, the sister of whom is a famous actress."（昨天我遇到了一个女人，她姐姐是一位著名演员。

2023年高中英语语法定语从句的关系词及考点

2023年高中英语语法定语从句的关系词及考点一、什么叫关系代词什么叫关系代词？简单地说，它是用于引导定语从句的代词。

我们之所以把引导定语从句的代词叫关系代词，是因为它们具有关联作用，能把引导的从句与所修饰的词语联系起来。

英语中的关系代词不多，主要有 that. who.whom whose. which as 等。

其中who.whom 只用干指人，which. as 只用干指物，whose. that既可以指人也可指物。

关系代词在定语从句主要用作主语、宾语、表语或定语。

如：Did you find the pen which you lost? 你的钢笔找到了吗？句中的which为关系代词，由它引导的定语从句which you lost 修饰名词the pen，which在定语从句中用作宾语，它也可以换成that，或省略。

A man who sells books in a shop is called a bookseller.开店售书的人叫做书商。

句中的who为关系代词，由它引导的定语从句who sells books in a shop修饰名词a man，who在定语从句中用作主语。

二、关系代词与关系副词用于引导定语从句的词语叫关系词。

关系词根据其词性的不同，可分为关系代词和关系副词。

引导定语从句的关系词既起连接先行词与定语从句的作用，同时又在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。

1.关系代词：主要有that.which.who.whom.whose.as等，它们在句子中可用作主语（如that.which.who等）、宾语（如that, which, whom等）和定语（如which.whose)。

如：Is he the man that sells dogs? 他就是卖狗的人吗？She is the girl who won the prize.她就是获奖的姑娘。

I've found the book which I was looking for.我找到了我要找的书。

定语从句语法规则

一．限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句1.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别。

限制性定语从句对先行词起修饰限制作用。

而非限制性定语从句是对先行词起补充说明作用。

非限制性定语从句中，先行词与定语从句往往有逗号隔开。

非限制性定语从句相当于并列句，状语从句等。

如：I want this man ,who(=for he) can speak English.He gave up the plan, which(=though it) was a very good one.I will take this one, which(=for it)seems to be the best one.He has two sons, who work in the same company.(He has only two sons)He has two sons who work in the same company.(Perhaps he has more than two sons.) 二．非限制性定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的用法。

1.关系代词和关系副词在任何情况下都不能省略。

2.who（主语），whom(宾语)，which(主语，宾语) 不能用that 代替，也不能互相替换。

3.介词+which/whom +从句结构中，介词不能移到从句后面。

4.when,where可用于非限制性定语从句。

题组训练○1That is my father, and he works in Shanghai.That is his father,_________works in Shanghai.○2I like the boy, who is very lovely.I like the boy, ________is very lovely.○3He told me a story yesterday, and I think it is very interesting. \He told me a story yesterday,_________ I think is very interesting.关系代词的用法（一）关系代词的作用和分类1.关系代词的作用有三个：（１）连接作用：关系代词引导从句，把它和主句连接起来。

whose,,of,whom与of,which的用法和区别

whose,,of,whom与of,which的用法和区别以下是wtt给大家整理的关于whose, of whom与of which的用法和区别，希望可以帮到大家1. 关系代词 whose，引导定语从句时，既可指人，又可指物，在从句中只能作定语;of whom 只能指人;of which 只能指物，有时whose 可以与 of whom 和 of which 互换使用。

如：The girl whose hair is golden is from England. 头发金色的那个女孩是英国人。

The house whose doors are green is an office building. 门是绿色的那座房子是办公楼。

2. “介词 + whose +名词”引导定语从句。

如：I love my motherland, for whose good future I will work hard. 我爱我的祖国，为了她美好的未来我要努力工作。

3. 在下列情况下，一般只用 of whom 和 of which。

(1) 定语从句的主语是 few, little, some, most, many, much 等时，一般只用of whom和of which。

In the room are lots of people, many of whom I don't know. 房间里有很多人，很多人我不认识。

He has a lot of story-books, a few of which I have never read. 他有很多故事书，有几本故事书我还从未看过。

(2) 定语从句的主语是数词、形容词的最高级时，一般只用of whom和of which。

如：The old man has three children, two of whom are college students and one of whom is a manager. 那个老人有三个小孩，其中两个是大学生，另一个是经理。

of which 的用法

of which 的用法一、什么是 "of which"？二、"of which" 的用法及示例1. 介词+关系代词2. 非限定性定语从句引导词三、常见错误使用情况及改正方法四、总结一、什么是 "of which"？"of which" 是英语中常见的短语，由介词 "of" 和关系代词 "which" 组成。

它在句子中起到连接名词或代词与其先行词，并引导定语从句的作用。

二、"of which" 的用法及示例1. 介词+关系代词：当先行词是一个带有介词的短语时，我们可以使用 "of which" 来引导一个定语从句，进一步修饰先行词。

示例：A) I bought a book, the cover of which was torn.我买了一本书，封面被撕破了。

（其中的状况即指这本书，而不是其他书）B) She has two daughters, both of whom are doctors.她有两个女儿，他们都是医生。

（这两个女儿具体指这位女士拥有的女儿，并没有混淆其他人）2. 非限定性定语从句引导词：在非限定性定语从句中，也可以使用 "of which" 来引导从句。

非限定制定语从句不是必需知道其先行词的具体身份。

示例：A) The professor stepped into the classroom, the lights of which were already on.这位教授走进教室，已经打开了灯。

（灯是在对话之前被打开的）B) I visited the ancient city, the beauty of which was breathtaking.我参观了这座古城，它的美令人惊叹。

（表达对美丽景色的感叹）三、常见错误使用情况及改正方法1. 错误：使用 "of that" 代替 "of which"。

inwhich,forwhich,onwhich,atwhich的不同用法

inwhich,forwhich,onwhich,atwhich的不同⽤法in which, for which, on which, at which的不同⽤法这些都是定语从句⾥⾯，由which引导的定语从句，介词提前。

in which可以翻译成在……⾥⾯for which可以翻译成为了……⽬的on which可以翻译成在……的上⾯，或具体时间的某⼀天at which可以翻译成在……⾥⾯或在……上⾯这些介词的使⽤除了意思上的区别，具体是要以which引导的从句⽽定的。

例如：(1) The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous.= The school in which he once studied is very famous.(2) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for.= Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked.(3) I have a dresser in my bedroom, which there are many cosmetics on.= I have a dresser in my bedroom on which there are many cosmetics.(4)The dumpling House which he often has dumplings at is very popular.= The dumpling House is very popular, at which he often has dumplings.当然这只是介词作为基本意思的⽤法，还有⼀些固定搭配，得具体情况具体分析。

例如：The plane may be several hours late, in which case there’s no point in our waiting.（固定搭配：in the case)The speaker paused to examine his notes, at which point a loud crash was heard.（固定搭配：at the point)Ten years of hard work changed her greatly, for which reason he could hardly recognize her at first sight.（固定搭配：for the reason）The film at which I fell asleep was very boring.（Here "at which" is based on "fell asleep at the film"因为电影⽆聊⽽睡觉。

ofwhom和ofwhich用法归纳

of whom和of which用法归纳1. of表示同位关系：即用于在A+of+B结构,其中的A和B为同位关系;如：Her sons, both of whom work abroad, ring her up every week. 她的两个儿子,都在国外工作,他们每周都给她打电话来;We’ve tested three hundred types of boot, none of which is completely waterproof.我们已经测试过300种靴子,没有一种是完全防水的;2. of表示整体与部分的关系：即用于“部分+of+整体which, whom”结构;如：He went with a group of people, few of whom were correctly equipped for such a c limb. 他和一队人一起去了,其中没有几个人配有进行这样一次登山的适当装备;The buses, most of which were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. 公共汽车大多数都已经挤满了人,它们被愤怒的人群包围着;I met the fruit-pickers, several of whom were university students. 我遇到了摘水果的人们,其中有几个人是大学生;3. of表示所属关系：即of用于构成所有格;如：He’s written a book the name of which I’ve forgotten. 他写了一本书,书名我给忘了;The house the roof of which was damaged has now been repaired. 那幢屋顶被损坏的房子现在已经修好了;4. of与其他的词构成固定搭配：即of与从句中的某个词语构成固定搭配;如：He’s married to a singer of whom you may have heard. 他与一位歌唱家结了婚,你可能听说过这个人;介词of与动词hear构成固定搭配,意为“听说”注意：介词of后面除接关系代词which, whom外,有时也可能是whose;如：She had a teddy-bear, both of whose eyes were missing. 她有一个玩具熊,它的两只眼睛都丢了;表示部分与整体of which/whom在非限制性定语从句中,表示“部分与整体”的关系时,用…of which/whom或者ofwhich/whom…都可以;表示部分的可以是具体数目或百分数,也可以是few, several, some, half, many, much, most, all, none, either, neither, a quarter, a number, the larger, the smallest, the majority等;Our school has 80 teachers, 50 of whom =of whom 50 are women. 我校有80个教师,其中50个是女的;He has lots of books, most of which are English ones. 他有许多书,其中大部分是书;注意：这里的of which不能用whose代替,这与表示所属关系的of which不同：The room the door of which =whose door is blue belongs to me. 门是蓝色的那间房是我的;英语定语从句的3个重要概念：1. 定义：用来修饰某个名词、代词或整个句子的从句就叫做定语从句;如：The man you talked about is our headmaster. 你们刚才所谈论的那个人是我们的校长This is the bike my father gave me as my birthday present. 这是我父亲送给我作为生日礼物的单车;The tree whose leaves are red was planted last year. 那棵叶子红色的树是去年栽的2. 先行词：定语从句所修饰的词就叫做先行词,它一般是由名词、代词或句子充当;如：The boy who is singing at the stage is only nine years old. 在舞台上唱歌的那个男孩今年才九岁;现行词是名词Anyone that is willing to help others is welcome to our group. 任何愿意帮助他人的人都欢迎来参加我们的组织;现行词是代词His mother is out of danger, which excites their family very much. 他母亲脱离了危险,这件事情使他们家兴奋不已;现行词是句子3. 关系词：引导定语从句的词就叫做关系词;根据关系词的用法不同,关系词又分关系代词和关系副词,其中关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as, but等,关系副词有where, when, why等;关系词既起连接先行词与定语从句的作用,又做从句中的某个句子成分;如：Li Lei is one of the students who are working very hard. 李蕾是一个学习非常努力的学生;引导词whoThere is nobody but knows you here. 这儿没有不认识你的人;引导词butHe led us to a place where we have never been before. 他把我们带到了我们以前从未去过的地方; 引导词whereof whom/which引导的定语从句：在非限制性定语从句中,先行词作为一个整体,表示整体中的一部分,即表示“部分与整体”的关系时,用…of which / whom或者of which / whom…都可以;但与表示所属关系不同,这里不能用whose来代替of which;一、表示整体中的部分The buses, most of which were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. 公共汽车大多数都已经挤满了人,它们被愤怒的人群包围着;I picked up the apples, some of which were badly bruised. 我拣起那些苹果,其中有一些伤得很厉害;I bought a dozen eggs, six of which broke when I dropped the box. 我买了一打鸡蛋,六个在我失手掉了盒子时摔碎了;There are two bottles left, one of which is almost finished and the other of which is not quite. 只剩两瓶,一瓶快喝完了,另一瓶没完全喝完;The treasure some of which has been recovered, has been sent to the British Museum. 这些宝藏已送往大英博物馆,其中有一些是失而复得的;二、表示所属关系He’s written a book, the name of which I’ve forgotten. 他写了一本书,书名我忘了;句中的the name of which=whose name;It was an agreement the details of which could not be altered. 这是一项其细节不可更改的协定;句中的the details of which=whose details;在中,表示“部分与整体”的关系时,用…of which/whom或者of which/whom…都可以;表示部分的可以是具体数目或百分数,也可以是few, several, some, half, many, much, most, all, none, either, neither, a quarter, a number, the larger, the smallest, the majority等;Our school has 80 teachers, 50 =of whom 50 are women. 我校有80个教师,其中50个是女的;He has lots of books, most of which are English ones. 他有许多书,其中大部分是英语书;注意：这里的不能用whose代替,这与表示所属关系的of which不同：The room the door =whose door is blue belongs to me. 门是蓝色的那间房是我的在非限制性定语从句中,先行词作为一个整体,表示整体中的一部分,即表示“部分与整体”的关系时,用…of which / whom或者of which / whom…都可以;但与表示所属关系不同,这里不能用whose来代替of which;一、表示整体中的部分The buses, most of which were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. 公共汽车大多数都已经挤满了人,它们被愤怒的人群包围着;I picked up the apples, some of which were badly bruised. 我拣起那些苹果,其中有一些伤得很厉害;I bought a dozen eggs, six of which broke when I dropped the box. 我买了一打鸡蛋,六个在我失手掉了盒子时摔碎了;There are two bottles left, one of which is almost finished and the other of which is not quite. 只剩两瓶,一瓶快喝完了,另一瓶没完全喝完;The treasure some of which has been recovered, has been sent to the British Museum. 这些宝藏已送往大英博物馆,其中有一些是失而复得的;二、表示所属关系He’s written a book, the name of which I’ve forgotten. 他写了一本书,书名我忘了;句中的the name of which=whose name;It was an agreement the details of which could not be altered. 这是一项其细节不可更改的协定;句中的the details of which=whose details;一、用法说明介词+whom只能指人；介词+ which只能指物;如：Look, there comes Tom, for whom I have waiting for an hour. 瞧,汤姆来啦,我等他等了一个小时; Last Saturday evening,I went to Wu Dong s birt一、用法说明介词+whom只能指人；介词+ which只能指物;如：Look, there comes Tom, for whom I have waiting for an hour. 瞧,汤姆来啦,我等他等了一个小时;Last Saturday evening, I went to Wu Dong’s birthday party, in which I met a foreig ner named Jim. 上周星期六的晚上我去参加了吴东的生日聚会,在会上我会到了一个叫吉姆的外国人;She came into the house, on whose wall there was a portrait of Einstein. 她进入了房间,房子的墙壁上有一张爱因斯坦的画像;二、注意事项1有时,前面的介词可移到定语从句的中间或后面,此时whom可用who, that代替；whi ch可以用that代替;而且who, whom, which, that都可省略;如：The man with whom you talked just now is our manager. —The man who you talke d with just now is our manager. 你刚才与他谈话的那个人就是我们的经理;He handed me a pen, with which I wrote down my address for him. —He handed m e a pen, which I wrote down my address with for him. 他递给我一支钢笔,我就用那支钢笔给他写下了我的地址;2当先行词是时间、地点、原因从句时,介词+ which一般在定语从句中分别做时间、地点、原因状语,于是介词+ which可以分别用when, where, why代替;但若介词+ which不是作时间、地点、原因状语,则不能用when, where, why代替;如：Last week, I visited Shanghai, in which I have made several friends. —Last week, I visited Shanghai, where I have made several friends. 上周我参观了上海,在那儿我叫上几个朋友;I will remember the day forever on which I won the first place in the contest. —I will remember the day forever when I won the first place in the contest. 我将永远记住我在竞赛中获得第一名的那一天;三、介词的选用介词+关系代词引导定语从句时,介词往往受上下文的约束,究竟使用哪个介词时得从下面几方面来进行考虑;1从先行词跟介词的搭配习惯出发;如：In front of my house, there is a tree, in which some birds are singing. 我的房子前有一棵树,鸟儿正在树上唱歌;在树上一般用介词in2The computer for which I paid 5,000yuan is made in Shenzhen. 我花了五千元所买的这台电脑使深圳造的; pay 与for搭配3 从先行词、定语从句中的动词或形容词两方面同时考虑出发;如：Do you know the girl with whom the man talked just now 你认识跟那个男谈话的女孩吗talk 究竟接to, with还是接about, 这该由动词及现行词一起决定4复合介词+关系代词;如：Go down this road, at the end of which you can see a high building and it is our o ffice building. 沿着条路走,在路的尽头你会看到一座高大的建筑,那就是我们的办公大楼;5名词+介词+ 关系代词;如：He has three children, one of whose children is studying abroad now. 他又三个小孩,其中一个在国外读书;注意：当定语从句的动词与介词是不可分割的固定搭配时,介词不能放到关系代词之前;如：She has a little daughter, who is looked after by her grandma. 就不能写成：She has a little daughter, after whom is looked by her grandma. 因为,look after 是不可分开的固定短语;介词+关系代词转载定语从句是中学阶段英语学习的主要语法之一,也是高考题的命题热点所在,其中定语从句中关系代词前的判断更是高考英语命题的一个高频考点;下面,我们先来看看近两年高考中部分定语中“+关系代词”结构;01.Eric received training in computer for one year, ___B___ he found a job in a big company.辽宁A. after thatB. after whichC. after itD. after this02. Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree ___B___ they can be controlled on purpose.重庆A. with whichB. to whichC. of whichD. for which03. It is reported that two schools, ___D___ are being built in my hometown, will open next year. 四川A .they both B. which both C. both of them D. both of which04. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, ___D___ wanted to buy it 安徽A. none of themB. both of whomC. none of whomD. neither of whom05. He was educated at the local high school, ___A___ he went on to Beijing University.江苏A. after whichB. after thatC. in whichD. in that06.She was educated at Beijing University, ___A___ she went on to have her advanced study abroad. 全国IIwhich B. from which C. from that D. after that07. We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us ___B___ we gave some bells and glasses. 湖南A. to whichB. to whomC. with whomD. with which08. I was given three books on cooking, the first ___B___ I really enjoyed. 浙江A. of thatB. of whichC. thatD. which09. I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was,she had run back in the direction___D___ she had come. 重庆A. of whichB. by whichC. in whichD. from which对于“+which / whom”结构的考查,高考英语主要涉及以下几个方面：1.考查定语中谓语动词的搭配习惯1看定语中动词与的搭配Water is the natural medium in which fish live. 水是鱼类赖以生存的自然环境;注意搭配live inThe documents for which they were searching have been recovered. 他们找寻的文件已经找到了;注意搭配search forThis is a subject about which we might argue for a long while. 这是一个我们可能长时间争论的问题;注意搭配argue aboutI wanted to find someone with whom I could discuss books and music. 我想找到一个可以和我谈书和音乐的人;注意搭配discuss sth with sb注：有一些为的一部分,此时它们的位置应注意;如：The boy whom my sister is looking after is getting better.不能说成：The boy after whom my sister is looking is getting better.2看定语中形容词与的搭配He referred me to some reference books with which I am not very familiar. 他我要去参考一些我不熟悉的参考书;注意搭配be familiar with2.考查先行词与的搭配习惯这类考题往往要根据具体的语境来选择;如：This is our classroom, in the front of which there is a teacher’s desk. 这是我们的教室,前面有老师的讲台;注意搭配in the front of our classroomI’ll never forget the day on which she said goodbye to me. 我永远不会忘记她与我们告别的那一天;注意搭配on the day3.考查表示所属关系的of which whomOn the blackboard the teacher wrote a sentence, the meaning of which I don’t understand. 老师在黑板上写了一个句子,句子的意思我不明白;注意搭配the meaning of the sentence4.考查表示整体与部分关系的of which whomI have five English dictionaries of which Longman Dictionary is the best. 我有5本英语词典,其中最好的是朗文词典;注意搭配of the five dictionariesThe buses, most of which were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. 多数公共汽车已经上满了人,周围是一伙愤怒的群众;注意搭配most of the busesI met the fruit-pickers, several of whom were university students. 我碰到那些摘水果的人,其中有好几个是大学生;注意搭配several of them5.考查表示同位关系的of which whomHer sons, both of whom work abroad, rang her up this morning. 她的两个儿子都在国外工作,今天早上给她来了电话;注意搭配both of her sons模拟测试用适当的和关系代词填空：1. Do you like the book _______ she spent $102. Do you like the book ________ she paid $103. Do you like the book ________ she learned a lot4. Do you like the book _______ she often talks5. He built a telescope________ he could study the skies.6. There is a tall tree outside, ________ stands our teacher.7. China has a lot of rivers, the second longest _______ is the Yellow River.8. The tower _____ people can have a good view is on the hill.9. The man ________ I spoke on the phone last night is very good at wrestling.10.He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most ______ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.11. The workers, some _______ stayed for four years, came from different countries.12. The committee consists of 20 members, 5 ______ are women.13. The book contains 50 poems, most ______were written in the 1930s.14. There are two left, one ______ is almost finished, and the other ______ is not.参考答案1. on which2. for which3. from in which4. about which5. through which6. under which7. of which8. from which9. to whom 10. of which 11. of whom 12. of whom13. of which 14. of which, of which限制性定语从句：限制性定语从句对先行词起限制、修饰的作用,关系代词有that,which,whom,who,whose以及关系副词when,where等,没有明显的逗号把从句与主语分开,表达的意思为被修饰词的一个定语;例句：Do you know the professor who is speaking at the meetingWhere is the book which I bought this morning非限制性定语从句：作用相当于一种插入语或者对先行词的一种解释,和先行词之间只有比较松散的关系,文字中常常用逗号将其与主句分开,用法其实与限制性定语从句极为相似,只是不能用that做修饰词;例句：This letter is from his parents, who are working in Tibet.Englishi is an important subject, which every students should study well.The building, in front of which sat a boy, was a school.一、定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种;限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分,去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明,去掉了也不会影响主句的意思,它与主句之间通常用逗号分开,例如：This is the house which we bought last month. 这是我们上个月买的那幢房子;限制性The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.这幢房子很漂亮,是我们上个月买的;非限制性2 当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时,其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的,例如：Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 查理·史密斯去年退休了,他曾经是我的老师; My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden. 我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园; This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 这本小说很动人,我已经读了三遍;3 非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数,例如：He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎没抓住我的意思,这使我心烦;Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液态水变为蒸汽,这就叫做蒸发;二、从形式上看,限制性定语从句与其先行词紧紧相连,两者没有停顿；非限制性定语从句与先行词之间有逗号隔开;从意义上讲,限制性定语从句用来修饰先行词,两者密不可分；而非限制性定语从句仅仅对先行词作补充性叙述或说明,两者关系不那么紧密;由于两种定语从句存在着这些区别,一般来说,限制性定语从句多半译成汉语的前置定语,修饰其后的先行词,非限制性定语从句则往往译成后置的并列从句;that不能引导非限制性定语从句;通常对定语从句处理如下：1 限制性定语从句译成前置定语These neighborhoods frequently recreate much of the culture and the values of the nationality that makes up the majority of the population.这些居民区经常再现构成大多数居民的大量民族文化和价值观念;2 非限制性定语从句译成后置的并列分句In almost all developing countries, economic development depends upon growth in export trade, which in turn creates jobs and raises living standards.几乎所有的发展中国家经济的发展都依赖于出口贸易的增长,而出口的增长又有助于创造更多的就业机会和提高人民的生活水平;但是,有时候因为意思上的关系,或者出于汉语句子结构上的考虑,要把限制性定语从句译成后置的并列分句,而把非限制性定语从句译成前置定语;3 限制性定语从句译成后置的并列从句Each team plays ten or eleven games each season which begins in September and ends in November. 每个队每赛季参加十到十一场比赛,每个赛季九月份开始,十一月份结束;4 非限制性定语从句译成前置定语He appeared to be returning home from a walk, for his buckle shoes, which followed a fashion long since out of date, were covered with dust.他好象是散步之后回家去,因为他那早已过时的扣鞋上布满了灰尘;5 有的定语从句,从意义上看实际相当于一个状语从句,表示原因,目的,结果,让步等关系;这样的定语从句应译出汉语的偏正复句,但是要加上相应的连接词以表明其与主句的关系;Norway is, quite naturally, paying great attention to developments in Europe and in the Atlantic community, which are so instrumental to the maintenance of peace and security in our part of the world. 挪威自然十分关切欧洲和大西洋国家的发展,因为这些发展大大有助于维护世界上我们这一地区的和平和安全说明：关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句;三、下面是些例题,你做做看;一、that不能用来引导非限制性定语从句;如：考例一She heard the terrible noise, ________brought her heart into her mouth.A. itB. whichC. thisD. that解析选B;后半句为非限制性定语从句,尽管先行词noise属于事物,也不能用that而要用which来引导;which 指代noise,在从句中作主语;二、除which外,还可用when,where,whose,whom等引导非限制性定语从句,且各自的用法及差异与它们用在限制性定语从句时相同;如：Next month, when youll spend your summer holidays in your hometown, is approaching. 下个月即将来临,届时你们将在家乡度暑假;关系副词when指代表示时间的名词next month,并作从句的状语;She is going to live in Macao, where she has some close friends. 她要到澳门去居住,在那里她有几个密友; 关系副词where指代表示地点的名词Macao,并在从句中作状语;考例二Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, ________was very reasonable.A. which priceB. the price of whichC. its priceD. the price of whose解析选B;whose在从句中作表示所属关系的定语,既可指代人,也可指代物;指物时,常可转换为of which；指人时常可转换为of whom;考例三In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 pm,______many people have gone home.A. whose timeB. thatC. on whichD. by which time解析先行词5:30 pm与time之间是一种同位关系,可用which来作定语替代;从句中的完成状态,常与by短语连用;故选D;三、在非限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词不能省略;如：He was eager to go to the hospital to see his stepmother, whom he loved as his own mother. 他迫切地想到医院去看望他的继母,他把继母当自己的亲妈妈一样爱戴;四、非限制性定语从句的关系代词which,既可以指代前面的先行词,也可以指代前面整句的含义;如：考例四Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, of course,________made the others unhappy.A. whoB. whichC. thisD. what解析选B;指代“Dorothy总是高度评价自己在那场戏中所担任的角色”的整个事件;考例五Carol said the work would be done by October,________personally I doubt very much.A. itB. thatC. whenD. which解析表示时间的名词October,用“我个人非常怀疑”来修饰,意思不通;应该修饰整个主句, 表示对“Carol说在十月前能做好这项工作”怀疑;故选D;五、引导非限制性定语从句时as和which的差异：从句置于句首时,非限制性定语从句只能用as引导,而置于句末时,两者都可以使用; 如：考例六________is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.A. ItB. AsC. ThatD. What解析逗号表明为非限制性定语从句;选B;考例七________is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high schools is increasing.A. WhichB. AsC. ThatD. It解析答案为B;与考例六同理;典型定语从句易错题详解■The factory was built in a secret place, around ______ high mountains.A. which wasB. it wasC. which wereD. them were易错容易误选A或B,将A、B中的which 和it 误认为是其后句子的主语;分析最佳答案是C,around which were high mountains 是一个由“介词+which”引出的非限制性定语从句,而在该从句中,主语是high mountains,around which 是表语,所以句子谓语应用复数were,而不是用单数was;请做以下类例题目答案均为C：1 Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _______ some fruit shops.A. which isB. it isC. which areD. them are2 The murder happened in an old building, beside ______ the city police station.A. which areB. it isC. which isD. them are3 Next month we’ll move to a new building, next to _______ a nice restaurants where we can have Chinese food.A. which areB. it isC. which isD. them are■A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around ______ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand”A. thatB. whichC. whereD. what易错容易误选B,认为around 是介词,选which 用以代替前面的名词hospital,在此用作介词around 的宾语;分析最佳答案为C;以上语法分析并不算错,但问题是,照此分析,此句的意思即为：有没有这样一个医院,我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤这样的语境显然有点不合情理,因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤,而不是在医院附近治伤;此题选C 的理由是：句中的around 不是介词,而是副词,意为“在附近”；其后的where 引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词hospital,句意为：附近有没有一家医院,我可以去治我的手伤■_____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.A. ItB. AsC. ThatD. What易错容易误选A,认为此处应填一个形式主语;分析最佳答案是B;as 引导的是一个非限制性定语从句;比较下面一题：_______ is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.A. ItB. AsC. ThatD. What此题答案选A,it 为形式主语,真正的主语是后面的that 从句;再比较下面一组题,其中第1题选B,第2题选D：1 ______ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior school is increasing.A. WhichB. AsC. ThatD. It2 ______ is mentioned above that the number of the students in senior school is increasing.A. WhichB. AsC. ThatD. It■David is such a good boy _______ all the teachers like.A. thatB. whoC. asD. whom易错此题容易误选A,许多同学一看到题干中的such,再联系到选项中的that,便认为这是考查such … that …句式;况且,这样理解意思也还通顺;分析最佳答案为C,不是A,因为在such … that … 如此……以至……结构中,that 引导的是结果状语从句,并且that 在从句中不充当句子成分,若在上句填入such … that …,句末的动词like 缺宾语;选C的理由如下：as 用作关系代词,用以引导定语从句,修饰其前的名词boy,同时as 在定语从句中用作动词like 的宾语,句意为“所有老师都喜欢的一位好男孩”;有的同学可能还会问,假若选A,能否将其后的that 视为引导定语从句的关系代词呢不能,因为当先行词受到such 的修饰时,其后的定语从句应用关系代词as 来引导,而不用that;比较下面一题,答案为A,因为like 后有自己的宾语him：David is such a good boy _______ all the teachers like him.A. thatB. whoC. asD. whom请再做以下试题答案选D：It was not such a good dinner _______ she had promised us.A. likeB. thatC. whichD. as■The buses, most of _______ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.A. thatB. itC. themD. which易错容易误选C,用them 代指the buses;分析最佳答案是D;most of which were already full 为非限制性定语从句,修饰the buses;类似地,以下各题也选D：1 His house, for _______ he paid $10, 000, is now worth $50, 000.A. thatB. itC. themD. which2 Ashdown forest, through _______ we’ll be driving, isn’t a forest any longer.A. thatB. itC. themD. which3 This I did at nine o’clock, after _______ I sat reading the paper.A. thatB. itC. themD. which类似地,以下各题选whom,不选them：4 George, with _______ I played tennis on Sundays, was a warm-hearted person.A. thatB. himC. themD. whom5 Her sons, both of ______ work abroad, will come back home this summer.A. thatB. whoC. themD. whom6 I met the fruit-pickers, several of _______ were still university students.A. thatB. whoC. themD. whom■He had thousands of students, many of ______ gained great success in their own field.A. whomB. themC. whichD. who易错容易误选B,用them 代指students;分析最佳答案是A,many of whom gained great success in their own field 为非限制性定语从句;假若在many of… 的前面加上连词and,则选答案B;比较以下各题答案均选A：1 He asked a lot of questions, none of ______ was easy to answer.A. whichB. themC. whatD. that2 He asked a lot of questions, and none of ______ was easy to answer.A. themB. whichC. whatD. that3 He told me that he had two girl-friends, neither of _______ knew anything about the other.A. whomB. themC. whichD. who4 He told me that he had two girl-friends, and neither of _______ knew anything about the other.A. themB. whomC. whichD. who■He had a lot of friends, only a few of ______ invited to his wedding.A. whomB. themC. whichD. who易错容易误选A,认为这是非限制性定语从句;分析最佳答案是B,这不是非限制性定语从句,而是一个独立主格结构,因为空格后的动词invited 并不是一个完整的谓语,而是一个过去分词;当然,假若在invited 前加上助动词were,则是一个非限制性定语从句,答案便应选A;比较：1 They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _______ carried out in their work.A. whichB. themC. whatD. that答案选B,none of them carried out in their work 是独立主格结构,其中的carried out 为过去分词;2 They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _______ were carried out in their work.A. whichB. themC. whatD. that答案选A,none of them were carried out in their work 是非限制性定语从句,注意与上例比较句中多了一个助动词were;3 They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, but none of _______ were carried out in their work.A. whichB. themC. whatD. that答案选B,由于两句之间增加了一个并列连词but,使得该句成了一个并列句■On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents seated together joking.A. theirB. whoseC. whichD. that易错容易误选B,认为这是非限制性定语从句;分析最佳答案是A;与上面一题相似,their parents seated together joking 不是非限制性定语从句,而是一个独立主格结构,因为空格后的动词seated 不是谓语,而是一个过去分词,因为seat 作动词用时,是及物动词;比较以下相似题：1 On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents were seated together joking.A. theirB. whoseC. whichD. that选B;whose parents were seated together joking 为非限制性定语从句,因为其后有完整的谓语were seated;2 On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, and _______ parents were seated together joking.A. theirB. whoseC. whichD. that选A;因为句中有并列连词and,整个句子为并列句;。

ofwhom和ofwhich用法归纳

of whom和o‎f which用‎法归纳1. of表示同位‎关系：即用于在A+of+B结构，其中的A和B‎为同位关系。

如：Her sons, both of whom work abroad‎,ring her up every week. 她的两个儿子‎，都在国外工作‎，他们每周都给‎她打电话来。

We’ve‎tested‎three hundre‎d types of boot, none of which is comple‎t ely waterp‎r oof. 我们已经测试‎过300种靴‎子，没有一种是完‎全防水的。

2. of表示整体‎与部分的关系‎：即用于“部分+of+整体(which, whom)”结构。

如：He went with a group of people‎, few of whom were correc‎t ly equipp‎e d for such a climb. 他和一队人一‎起去了，其中没有几个‎人配有进行这‎样一次登山的‎适当装备。

The buses, most of which were alread‎y full, were surrou‎n ded by an angry crowd. 公共汽车大多‎数都已经挤满‎了人，它们被愤怒的‎人群包围着。

I met the fruit-picker‎s, severa‎l of whom were univer‎s ity studen‎t s. 我遇到了摘水‎果的人们，其中有几个人‎是大学生。

3. of表示所属‎关系：即of用于构‎成所有格。

如：He’s‎writte‎n‎a‎book‎the‎name‎of‎which‎I’ve‎forgot‎t en. 他写了一本书‎，书名我给忘了‎。

The house the roof of which was damage‎d has now been repair‎e d. 那幢屋顶被损‎坏的房子现在‎已经修好了。

高中英语语法：定语从句知识点

高中英语语法：定语从句知识点在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词，用作定语的从句叫做定语从句(attributive clause)。

被定语从句所修饰的词叫做先行词(antecedent)。

定语从句必须放在先行词之后。

引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词who、whom、whose、which、that 和关系副词when、where、why等。

一、关系代词和关系副词的功能关系代词和关系副词功能有三个：1）用来引导定语从句，在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，使二者联系起来。

2）关系代词和关系副词可作定语从句的一个成分。

关系代词可作主语、宾语、定语；关系副词可作状语。

3）关系代词和关系副词在从句中代替在他前面的先行词。

1、作主语关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数应与先行词一致。

All that is needed is a supply of oil.所需要的是大量的油。

（引导词that在句中作主语）The foreigner who visited our class yesterday is from Canada. 昨天到我班来访的外国人来自加拿大。

（引导词who在句中作主语）2、作宾语在定语从句里作宾语的关系代词在口语中常被省去The noodles (that) I cooked were delicious. 我煮的面条美味可口。

（引导词that，可省略）The fish (which) we bought wes not fresh. 我们买的鱼不新鲜。

（引导词which，可省略）3、作定语关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语用。

This is the boy whose mother is our Chinese teacher. 这就是那个男孩，他母亲是我们的语文老师。

注意：关系代词whose在从句中与它所修饰的词一起作介词宾语时，可以跟介词放在主语和从句之间。

The boss in whose company Mr. Kang worked called at the hospital. 老板到医院拜访了康先生，康先生在他的公司里工作。

高考英语定语从句精讲

高考英语定语从句精讲定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语等来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任。

在句子中起定语作用的从句称为定语从句。

定语从句在句中的作用相当于形容词，故又称为形容词性从句。

被定语从句修饰的名词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。

二关系词的用法。

关系词可分为关系代词和关系副词。

关系词指代先行词，放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又充当定语从句中的某一种成分（主语、宾语、状语等）。

引导定语从句的关系代词有"at，who，whom，whose，which;关系副词有when，where，why等。

关系词在句子中的指代作用及成分如下表1.关系代词的用法(1)who, whom的用法二者都用于指人。

who在定语从句中作主语、宾语;whom在定语从句中作宾语。

在现代英语里，有时who也可代替whom在从句中作宾语。

作宾语的关系代词who，whom可以省略(介词后作宾语的关系代词除外）。

She wasthe one who did most of the talking。

大部分时间都是她在说话。

（作主语） The boy who I know studies best in his class.我认识的那个男孩在班上学习最好。

（作宾语）I happened to meet the professor (who/whom) I got to know at a party.我碰巧遇见了那位在一次聚会上认识的教授。

（作宾语，whom可用who 代替) whom在从句中作介词的宾语，且介词提到whom前面时，不能用who 代替。

Yesterday I came across a few friends with whom I went to the park.昨天我碰见了几个朋友，我和他们一起去了公园。

（句中的whom不能用who 代替）(2)whose的用法whose可以指人也可以指物，在定语从句中作定语。

中考英语定语从句用法归纳总结

中考英语定语从句用法归纳总结1. 引导定语从句的关系代词有who、whom、whose、which和that。

其中，who指人作主语、宾语，whom指人作宾语，whose指人的所有格，which指非人作主语、宾语，that指人或物作主语、宾语。

2.定语从句通常紧跟在被修饰的名词之后。

3.关系代词作主语时，定语从句可以使用陈述语序或疑问语序。

例如：The girl who is standing over there is my sister.Who is the girl standing over there?4.关系代词作宾语时，修饰动词、形容词或介词短语。

例如：The book (that) I borrowed from the library is really interesting.5.定语从句中的关系代词在从句中充当还原词的成分。

例如：This is the teacher whom I talked to yesterday.The tree whose leaves are turning yellow is very old.6. 当先行词为不定代词时，关系代词用which或that。

例如：Do you have anything that/which you want to say?7.关系代词在定语从句中可以省略，尤其是在非限制性定语从句中。

例如：The boy (who/that) I met yesterday is my classmate. (限制性)Tom, (who is) my friend, is a good basketball player. (非限制性)8. 定语从句中关系代词whose和of which可表达所属关系，其后跟名词或整个句子。

例如：The man whose car was stolen reported it to the police.The house, the roof of which was damaged in the storm, has been repaired.9. 当定语从句中缺少主语时，用it或that来代替。

英语定语从句用法详解

语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
The man who / that I saw at the school gate yesterday is my English teacher.
先行词
定语
从句
昨天我在校门口看见的那个人是我的英语老师。
二、定语从句的关系词
引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括 that, which, who(宾格 whom，所有格 whose)等，关系副词 where, when, why 等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
4 定语从句简化为不定式作后置定语。 He is always the first person that comes to school.→He is always the first person to come to school.他总是第一个到校。 The report which will be given tomorrow is important to us.→The report to be given tomorrow is important to us. 明天要作的报告对我们很重要。 5 定语从句简化为 what 从句。 I couldn't remember the words that he said.→I couldn't remember what he said. 我记不得他说的话。
① I am waiting for the boy who /that is wearing a red coat. （关系代词作主语）先行词关系代词
我正在等穿着红色外套的那个男孩。
② The dictionary that / which my sister gave me last Sunday is very expensive.

whom和which的用法

whom和which的用法
摘要：
1.关系代词whom 和which 的定义和作用
2.whom 和which 的用法区别
3.whom 和which 的例句解析
正文：
关系代词whom 和which 在英语中扮演着重要的角色，它们用于引导定语从句，帮助我们更好地理解句子中的关系。

下面我们将详细了解这两个关系代词的用法。

首先，我们来了解关系代词whom。

whom 是who 的宾格形式，用于指代人。

在定语从句中，whom 可以作为动词的宾语或者介词的宾语。

下面是一个例子：
He is the man whom I met yesterday.（他是我昨天遇见的那个人。

）在这个例子中，whom 作为介词of 的宾语，连接了主句和从句。

接下来，我们来看关系代词which。

which 指代物，既可以指代可数名词单数，也可以指代不可数名词。

在定语从句中，which 可以作为动词的宾语或者介词的宾语。

下面是一个例子：
The book which I bought last month is very interesting.（我上个月买的那本书很有趣。

）
在这个例子中，which 作为介词which 的宾语，连接了主句和从句。

尽管whom 和which 都可以引导定语从句，但它们在用法上存在一些
区别。

whom 只能指代人，而which 可以指代物。

此外，在介词宾语的位置上，whom 可以放在介词前或后，而which 通常放在介词后。

综上所述，关系代词whom 和which 在英语中各有其独特的用法。

定语从句关系词的用法

定语从句关系词的用法定语从句关系词怎么用？下面是店铺为大家收集整理的定语从句关系词的用法相关内容，欢迎阅读。

一、关系代词引导的定语从句1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语which 指物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语（作宾语时可以省略）who 指人在从句中作主语，宾语或表语whom 指人在从句中作宾语whose 指人或物在从句中作定语as 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语but 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语注意：指物时，whose+名词=the+名词+of which或of which+the+名词2、as 的用法（1）常用于下列结构：such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as注意：the same…as 表示同一类，不同一个the same…that 表示同一个（2）as与which的区别a、位置不同as可放在主句后，主句前或主句中间；which只能放在主句后。

b、as起连接作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处，意为“正如，正像”。

Which相当于并列句，可以用and this来代替，意为“这一点，这件事’”。

注意：as常用于下列结构：as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above,as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which 代替as。

c、在从句中作主语时，which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语，而as只可作系动词be的主语。

3、but用作关系代词，相当于who/that…not例：In China there is no one but knows Lei Feng.二、只用that不用which的情况1、.先行词为all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时.3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。

定语从句关系代词的特殊用法

定语从句关系代词的特殊用法[摘要]定语从句一直是高中语法的重点，大多数学生都能掌握关系代词的基本用法，但对关系代词的特殊用法知之甚少。

根据本人近几年的教学经验，就关系代词的特殊用法做了总结。

[关键词]定语从句关系代词用法一、限定性定语从句1.先行词有人也有物，关系代词用that。

e.g. They are talking about things and persons that they can remember.2.先行词为序数词或被序数词修饰时，关系代词只用that。

e.g. He is the last person that I want to see.It is the first American movie of this kind that I have ever seen.3.先行词为形容词最高级或被形容词修饰时，关系代词只用that。

e.g. This is the best way that has been used against pollution.This is the most interesting book that I have read.4.先行词是人或物，被the only, the very 修饰时，只用that。

e.g. This is the very book that I have been looking for.He was the only person that knew how to repair the machine.5主句以疑问词who，which，what 开头的疑问句，定语从句关系代词为了避免重复用that。

e.g. Who is the man that is dressed in black. Which is the book that you borrowed from the library?6.先行词指物，是anything，something，everything，nothing，all，little，much，some，none等不定代词时，关系代词用that.e.g.All that can be done has been done. We haven’t got much that we can offer you.7.先行词是物，前被every，some，no，little，much，few，all，one等修饰时，关系代词只用that。

whose,_of_whom与of_which

whose, of whom与of which1. 关系代词whose，引导定语从句时，既可指人，又可指物，在从句中只能作定语；of whom 只能指人；of which 只能指物，有时whose 可以与of whom 和of which 互换使用。

如：The girl whose hair is golden is from England. 头发金色的那个女孩是英国人。

The house whose doors are green is an office building. 门是绿色的那座房子是办公楼。

2. “介词+ whose +名词”引导定语从句。

如：I love my motherland, for whose good future I will work hard. 我爱我的祖国，为了她美好的未来我要努力工作。

3. 在下列情况下，一般只用of whom 和of which。

(1) 定语从句的主语是few, little, some, most, many, much等时，一般只用of whom和of which。

In the room are lots of people, many of whom I don’t know. 房间里有很多人，很多人我不认识。

He has a lot of story-books, a few of which I have never read. 他有很多故事书，有几本故事书我还从未看过。

(from )(2) 定语从句的主语是数词、形容词的最高级时，一般只用of whom和of which。

如：The old man has three children, two of whom are college students and one of whom is a manager. 那个老人有三个小孩，其中两个是大学生，另一个是经理。

(3) 定语从句的主语是all, none, both, neither, each等不定代词时，一般只用of whom和of which。

初中英语语法——三大从句汇总(重点笔记)

初中英语语法——三大从句汇总在英语中，主要有三大从句，即名词性从句〔包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句〕、形容词性从句〔即定语从句〕、副词性从句〔即状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等〕。

以下是一些根本的从句的语法知识点A、定语从句专项讲解与训练一、定语从句概念定语从句〔attributiveclause〕，顾名思义，就是一个句子作定语附属于主句。

定语一般是由形容词充当，所以定语从句又称作形容词从句。

另外，定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的，故又称作关系从句。

定语从句一般放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后，这种名词或代词被称作先行词。

请看例如：Thewoman wholivesnextdoorisateacher.先行词定语从句在所有的从句中，算定语从句最难掌握，因为汉语里没有定语从句，汉语里只有定语，而且总是放在名词之前来修饰名词。

二、关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词代替前面的先行词，并且在定语从句中充当句子成分，可以作主语、宾语、定语等。

常见的关系代词有：who,that,which。

它们的主格、宾格和所有格如下表所示：先行词主格宾格所有格人whowhomwhose物whichwhichwhoseofwhich人、物thatthat—〔一〕关系代词who,whom和whose的用法who代替人，是主格，在定语从句中作主语。

例如：Anarchitect is apersonwhodesignsbuildings .建筑师是设计房屋的人。

Iwillneverforgettheteacherwhotaughtuschemistryinthefirst1yearofmyseniormiddleschool.我将永远不会忘记在高一时教我们化学的那位教师。

Anyonewhowantstoapplyforthis jobmustsendustheresumebyemail first. 想应聘这个职位的任何人都必须先通过电子向我们发送简历。