of whom和of which用法归纳

of whom和of which用法归纳

1. of表示同位关系：即用于在A+of+B结构，其中的A和B为同位关系。如：

Her sons, both of whom work abroad, ring her up every week. 她的两个儿子，都在国外工作，他们每周都给她打电话来。

We’ve tested three hundred types of boot, none of which is completely waterproof.

我们已经测试过300种靴子，没有一种是完全防水的。

2. of表示整体与部分的关系：即用于“部分+of+整体(which, whom)”结构。如：

He went with a group of people, few of whom were correctly equipped for such a c limb. 他和一队人一起去了，其中没有几个人配有进行这样一次登山的适当装备。

The buses, most of which were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. 公共汽车大多数都已经挤满了人，它们被愤怒的人群包围着。

I met the fruit-pickers, several of whom were university students. 我遇到了摘水果的

人们，其中有几个人是大学生。

3. of表示所属关系：即of用于构成所有格。如：

He’s written a book the name of which I’ve forgotten. 他写了一本书，书名我给忘了。

The house the roof of which was damaged has now been repaired. 那幢屋顶被损坏

的房子现在已经修好了。

4. of与其他的词构成固定搭配：即of与从句中的某个词语构成固定搭配。如：

He’s married to a singer of whom you may have heard. 他与一位歌唱家结了婚，你可能听说过这个人。(介词of与动词hear构成固定搭配，意为“听说”)

注意：介词of后面除接关系代词which, whom外，有时也可能是whose。如：

She had a teddy-bear, both of whose eyes were missing. 她有一个玩具熊，它的两只眼睛都丢了。

表示部分与整体of which/whom

在非限制性定语从句中，表示“部分与整体”的关系时，用…of which/whom或者of

which/whom…都可以。表示部分的可以是具体数目或百分数，也可以是few, several, some, half, many, much, most, all, none, either, neither, a quarter, a number, the larger, the smallest, the majority等。

Our school has 80 teachers, 50 of whom (=of whom 50) are women. 我校有80个教师，其中50个是女的。

He has lots of books, most of which are English ones. 他有许多书，其中大部分是书。

注意：这里的of which不能用whose代替，这与表示所属关系的of which不同：

The room the door of which (=whose door) is blue belongs to me. 门是蓝色的那间房是我的。

英语定语从句的3个重要概念：

1. 定义：用来修饰某个名词、代词或整个句子的从句就叫做定语从句。如：

The man you talked about is our headmaster. 你们刚才所谈论的那个人是我们的校长

This is the bike my father gave me as my birthday present. 这是我父亲送给我作为生日礼物的单车。

The tree whose leaves are red was planted last year. 那棵叶子红色的树是去年栽的

2. 先行词：定语从句所修饰的词就叫做先行词，它一般是由名词、代词或句子充当。如：

The boy who is singing at the stage is only nine years old. 在舞台上唱歌的那个男孩今年才九岁。(现行词是名词)

Anyone that is willing to help others is welcome to our group. 任何愿意帮助他人的人都欢迎来参加我们的组织。(现行词是代词)

His mother is out of danger, which excites their family very much. 他母亲脱离了危险，这件事情使他们家兴奋不已。(现行词是句子)

3. 关系词：引导定语从句的词就叫做关系词。根据关系词的用法不同，关系词又分关系代词和关系副词，其中关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as, but等，关系副词有where, when, why等。关系词既起连接先行词与定语从句的作用，又做从句中的某个句子成分。如：

Li Lei is one of the students who are working very hard. 李蕾是一个学习非常努力的学生。(引导词who)

There is nobody but knows you here. 这儿没有不认识你的人。(引导词but)