人教版英语选修8unit2单词详解(共19张PPT)
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拓展： pay back 还钱，报复 pay for 支付...的钱
5. breakthrough n.突破，重大进展
make/achieve a breakthrough 取得突破性进展
Don't be discouraged! We have made a great breakthrough in a way. 别灰心！从某种意义上讲，我们已经取得了很大的突破。
bother doing sth费心/花费时间做某事
驾照考试不及格，这让汤姆很烦恼。 It bothered Tom that he had failed his driving test.
15. strike (struck, struck) 打，撞击，罢工
strike sb+ 介词+the+身体部位 打某人...
unit2 Cloning
1. differ vi. 不同于，意见相左
differ from 不同于... differ in...在...方面不同
My younger brother and I differ from each other in many ways. 我弟弟和我在许多方面都不同。
拓展： exactly adv. 确切地，精确地
3. undertake v.从事，承担
undertake the responsibility for sth 承担某事的责任
undertake the responsibility to do sth 承担做某事的责任
翻译；当我忙碌的时候，我的邻居承担起照顾我的宠物狗 的责任。 My neighbor undertake the responsibility to care for my pet dog while I was on business.
object to doing sth 反对做某事
No one objected to the plan at the meeting yesterday. 昨天的会议上，没有人反对这项计划。
拓展： objection n. 反对，不赞成 object n. 物体，对象 objective adj. 客观的，不带个人感情的
I owe it to the famous doctor that I am still alive. 我仍然活着，这要归功于那位很有名的医生。
拓展： owing to 因为，由于
14. bother vt.打扰 vi. 操心
It bothers sb to do sth /It bothers sb that ... 做某事使 人烦恼
6. cast v.扔，投掷
cast down 使失望（一般用于被动语态）
翻译：听到这个坏消息之后，她沮丧了好几天。 She was cast down for several days after she heard the bad news.
7. object vi. 反对，不赞成
object to sb/sth 反对某人/某事
A snowball struck him on the back of the head. 一个雪球击中了他的后脑勺。
It strikes sb that ....某人突然想起
It suddenly struck me that I should have been in favour of him
7. The tourism in this place will have an impact _o_n____the local environment.
11. forbid （forbade，forbidden）vt. 禁止，不准
forbid sb to do sth 禁止某人做某事
forbid sb from doing sth 禁止某人做某事
拓展： attainable adj.可获得的 unattainable adj. 达不到的，无法实现的
5. Liu lei insisted that he merely did what everyday would have done and strongly objected to_b_ei_n_g_c_a_ll(ecdall)
make a diference to
对..有影响
9. obtain vt.获得，赢得（尤指经努力） 10. attain vt.获得，达到（尤指经努力）
attain one's goal 达到某人的目的
His effort paid off and he attained his goal at last. 他的努力得到了回报，并且最终达到了目的。
拓展； different adj. 不同的，有区别的 difference n. 差别，差异
2. exact adj. 精确的，准确的
to be exact(=exactly speaking) 确切地说
翻译：我不知道这个房间的确切面积。 I don't know the exact size of the room.
我突然想到，我本来应该支持他的。
16. resist vt.抵抗，对抗
resist doing sth 反对做某事
They tried hard to resist her attacking move. 他们拼尽全力来抵抗她的进攻。
拓展： resistance n. 抵制，抵抗 resistant adj. 抵制的，抵抗的
拓展： break down出故障----breakdown n.故障 break out 爆发 ------- outbreak n. 爆发 come out 出现，结果是------outcome n.结果，效果
1. British English is d__if_fe_r_e_n_t_from American English. They_d_i_ff_e_r_in many minor aspects, such as spelling and proununciation. (differ) 2. Our budget is extremely tight, so you'd better work out _ex_a_c_t_l_y__(exact) how much money will go for each part of the project. 3. The research,u_n_d_e_r_ta_k__en(undertake) by Brighton-based Mindlab International, suggests that silent offices may be the least productive. 4. Our teachers often encourages us that every minute we spend on studying will finally pay__o_ff______in the near future.
-- Don't bother __lo_o_k_i_ng_(look) for it, I'm sure it will turn up some day. 12. The study found that when the same genes were brought to life in mice, they had the same cancer__re_s_is_ta_n_c_e(resist)as elephants.
8. There are laws in some countries which forbid __s_ho_w__in_g__(show) advertisements at inappropriate times and places. 9. My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was __in____favour of it. 10. I owe__i_t ____to my teacher that I have made great progress in English. 11. --Do you know where my blue coat is?
拓展：关于favour的短语 ask sb a favour 请某人帮个忙 do sb a favour帮某人个忙
13. owe vt. （1）欠（账、钱）
owe sb for sth 因某事欠某人...
（2）归功于，归因于
owe it to sb that ...把...归功于某人 owe sth to sb/sth把某事归功于某人/某事
4. pay off
(1) 达到目的，取得成功（不及物动词短语） With the help of a lot of people, our plan paid off.
(2) 付清，偿清 （及物动词短语） The poor lady worked hard day and night in order to pay off their debts.
a hero. 6. At the meeting, Marx raised an _o_b_je_c_ti_o_n_to working late night and he _o_b_je_c_te_dthat most of the workers were too old for the jod.（object）
forbid doing sth禁止做某事
翻译：他身体不好，所以医生禁止他喝酒 He was in poor health, so the doctor forbade him to drink wine.
Fra Baidu bibliotek
12. in favour of 赞成，支持
翻译：我已经对她讲了我们的计划，她表示完全赞同。 I have told her about our plan and she is completely in favour of it.
8. impact n. 巨大的影响
have an impact on sth/sb 对...有巨大影响
翻译：阅读能够影响我们看世界的方式。 Reading can have an impact on the way we see the world.
归纳：“影响”的其他表达： have an effect/influence on
5. breakthrough n.突破，重大进展
make/achieve a breakthrough 取得突破性进展
Don't be discouraged! We have made a great breakthrough in a way. 别灰心！从某种意义上讲，我们已经取得了很大的突破。
bother doing sth费心/花费时间做某事
驾照考试不及格，这让汤姆很烦恼。 It bothered Tom that he had failed his driving test.
15. strike (struck, struck) 打，撞击，罢工
strike sb+ 介词+the+身体部位 打某人...
unit2 Cloning
1. differ vi. 不同于，意见相左
differ from 不同于... differ in...在...方面不同
My younger brother and I differ from each other in many ways. 我弟弟和我在许多方面都不同。
拓展： exactly adv. 确切地，精确地
3. undertake v.从事，承担
undertake the responsibility for sth 承担某事的责任
undertake the responsibility to do sth 承担做某事的责任
翻译；当我忙碌的时候，我的邻居承担起照顾我的宠物狗 的责任。 My neighbor undertake the responsibility to care for my pet dog while I was on business.
object to doing sth 反对做某事
No one objected to the plan at the meeting yesterday. 昨天的会议上，没有人反对这项计划。
拓展： objection n. 反对，不赞成 object n. 物体，对象 objective adj. 客观的，不带个人感情的
I owe it to the famous doctor that I am still alive. 我仍然活着，这要归功于那位很有名的医生。
拓展： owing to 因为，由于
14. bother vt.打扰 vi. 操心
It bothers sb to do sth /It bothers sb that ... 做某事使 人烦恼
6. cast v.扔，投掷
cast down 使失望（一般用于被动语态）
翻译：听到这个坏消息之后，她沮丧了好几天。 She was cast down for several days after she heard the bad news.
7. object vi. 反对，不赞成
object to sb/sth 反对某人/某事
A snowball struck him on the back of the head. 一个雪球击中了他的后脑勺。
It strikes sb that ....某人突然想起
It suddenly struck me that I should have been in favour of him
7. The tourism in this place will have an impact _o_n____the local environment.
11. forbid （forbade，forbidden）vt. 禁止，不准
forbid sb to do sth 禁止某人做某事
forbid sb from doing sth 禁止某人做某事
拓展： attainable adj.可获得的 unattainable adj. 达不到的，无法实现的
5. Liu lei insisted that he merely did what everyday would have done and strongly objected to_b_ei_n_g_c_a_ll(ecdall)
make a diference to
对..有影响
9. obtain vt.获得，赢得（尤指经努力） 10. attain vt.获得，达到（尤指经努力）
attain one's goal 达到某人的目的
His effort paid off and he attained his goal at last. 他的努力得到了回报，并且最终达到了目的。
拓展； different adj. 不同的，有区别的 difference n. 差别，差异
2. exact adj. 精确的，准确的
to be exact(=exactly speaking) 确切地说
翻译：我不知道这个房间的确切面积。 I don't know the exact size of the room.
我突然想到，我本来应该支持他的。
16. resist vt.抵抗，对抗
resist doing sth 反对做某事
They tried hard to resist her attacking move. 他们拼尽全力来抵抗她的进攻。
拓展： resistance n. 抵制，抵抗 resistant adj. 抵制的，抵抗的
拓展： break down出故障----breakdown n.故障 break out 爆发 ------- outbreak n. 爆发 come out 出现，结果是------outcome n.结果，效果
1. British English is d__if_fe_r_e_n_t_from American English. They_d_i_ff_e_r_in many minor aspects, such as spelling and proununciation. (differ) 2. Our budget is extremely tight, so you'd better work out _ex_a_c_t_l_y__(exact) how much money will go for each part of the project. 3. The research,u_n_d_e_r_ta_k__en(undertake) by Brighton-based Mindlab International, suggests that silent offices may be the least productive. 4. Our teachers often encourages us that every minute we spend on studying will finally pay__o_ff______in the near future.
-- Don't bother __lo_o_k_i_ng_(look) for it, I'm sure it will turn up some day. 12. The study found that when the same genes were brought to life in mice, they had the same cancer__re_s_is_ta_n_c_e(resist)as elephants.
8. There are laws in some countries which forbid __s_ho_w__in_g__(show) advertisements at inappropriate times and places. 9. My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was __in____favour of it. 10. I owe__i_t ____to my teacher that I have made great progress in English. 11. --Do you know where my blue coat is?
拓展：关于favour的短语 ask sb a favour 请某人帮个忙 do sb a favour帮某人个忙
13. owe vt. （1）欠（账、钱）
owe sb for sth 因某事欠某人...
（2）归功于，归因于
owe it to sb that ...把...归功于某人 owe sth to sb/sth把某事归功于某人/某事
4. pay off
(1) 达到目的，取得成功（不及物动词短语） With the help of a lot of people, our plan paid off.
(2) 付清，偿清 （及物动词短语） The poor lady worked hard day and night in order to pay off their debts.
a hero. 6. At the meeting, Marx raised an _o_b_je_c_ti_o_n_to working late night and he _o_b_je_c_te_dthat most of the workers were too old for the jod.（object）
forbid doing sth禁止做某事
翻译：他身体不好，所以医生禁止他喝酒 He was in poor health, so the doctor forbade him to drink wine.
Fra Baidu bibliotek
12. in favour of 赞成，支持
翻译：我已经对她讲了我们的计划，她表示完全赞同。 I have told her about our plan and she is completely in favour of it.
8. impact n. 巨大的影响
have an impact on sth/sb 对...有巨大影响
翻译：阅读能够影响我们看世界的方式。 Reading can have an impact on the way we see the world.
归纳：“影响”的其他表达： have an effect/influence on