现代大学英语3 Unit 1 Your College Life 词汇精讲

Unit 1 Your College Lifeadulthoodn.+hood: a particular state, or period in someone's lifechildhood (=the period when you are a child)fatherhood (=the state of being a father)affirm: to state publicly that something is trueI dare affirm that the tomato will be very expensive.We gave them an opportunity to express their feelings, to affirm themselves. approve(1)to think that someone or something is good, right, or suitableHe seemed to approve of my choice.I don’t approve of children wearing makeup.Exercise: 他不同意我今年离校。

(2)to give official agreement or permission to somethingThese chemicals were only approved for use in animal foods. (transitive often passive)approval n.antonym: disapprovalword-formation:(1)否定前缀:(2)名词后缀~al:attitudinal adj.attitude n.: attitude to/towards sth; positive/negative attitudeHis attitude towards women really scares me.a positive attitude to lifeethical: connected with beliefs and principles about what is right and wrongethical standards 道德/伦理标准ethic: a general principle or belief that affects the way people behave 道德体系，行为准则，伦理work ethic 工作守则ethics: a set of principles that people use to decide what is right and what is wrong medical ethics 医德professional ethics 职业道德functionalfunctional furniture/buildings functionalisma fully functional hospitala functional disorderfunction: n./v.He functioned as ambassador.The hospital functioned normally.contribute v. contribution n.They say they would like to contribute more to charity, but money is tight this year. Medical negligence was said to have contributed to her death.He contributes regularly to the sports magazine.He is a regular contributor to the magazine.counsel v./nShe has spent five years counselling rape victims. (to counsel sb.)He counselled them to give up the plan. (to counsel sb. to do sth.)Most experts counsel caution in such cases. (to counsel sth.)a counsel of despaira counsel of perfectioncrisisfinancial/economic/political crisisthe current crisis in the farming industryWe admit that the nursing profession is in crisis.a mid-life crisisendeavor v./n.We always endeavor to please our customers.We will make every endeavor to find the two boys.endow v.①to give a large amount of moneyto endow a scholarship/program/project②to equip or supply with a talent or qualityNature endowed her with a beautiful voice.She was endowed with both good looks and brains.endowment n.He is a man of great endowments.Word formation: v.+ment=n.resent v.to feel bitter or angry about sth, especially because you feel it is unfairI strongly/deeply/bitterly resented her criticism. (resent sth.)The children resented the new woman in their father’s lif e. (resent sb.)He bitterly resented being treated like a child. (resent doing sth.)resentment: n. an angry unhappy feeling you have when you think you have been treated unfairly or without enough respectThe boy has felt/borne/harbored a deep-seated resentment towards/against his step-mother.synonyms: anger, hatred, indignation, rageexcessive: adj. much more than is reasonable or necessary; extremeExcessive drinking is harmful to your health.Crops were destroyed by the excessive rainfall.excessively adv.excess n.An excess of fat in one’s diet can lead to heart disease.feminine: having the qualities or appearance considered to be typical of women; connected with womenfeminine institutionmasculinefemale/malegenetic: connected with genesgeneticsgenetically modified foodheighten: to become stronger or increaseinterest/tension/feeling heightens~en: v. to make or becomeblacken, strengthen, widen, sadden, lengtheninheritHe’s inherited his father’s nose.He inherited these paintings from his father.inheritance n.heritage: the art, buildings, traditions, and beliefs that a society considers important to its history and culturecultural/musical/national heritageinhibit v.Recording the meeting may inhibit people from expressing their real views.An unhappy family life may inhibit children’s learning.inhibition n.The whole point about dancing is to stop thinking and lose all your inhibitions. interact v.Teachers have a limited amount of time to interact with each child.The immune system interacts with the nervous system.interaction n.word formation: inter/intrainter: between; from one to anotherinternational, internet, interstate, intermarriageintra: within sth.intranet, intrastate, intranationalinternalize v.internal: adj.: connected with the inside of sth./your bodythe internal structure of the buildinginternal organThe medicine is for internal use.antonym: externalthe external wallsher external appearanceword formation:~izeinternationalize, industrialize, Americaniz e, internalize, externalize…option n.: a choice you can make in a particular situationThe government has two options: to reduce spending or to increase taxes.This was not the only option open to him.keep/leave your options open: to wait before making a decisionI’m keeping all my options open for the moment.optional adj.: that you can choose to do or have if you want tooptional coursescompulsory coursespeer: a person who is the same age or who has the same social status as you American children did less well than their peers in China.Peer review system is being introduced to help teachers who are experiencing difficulty. (同行评估，同侪审查)perceive v.①to understand or think about something in a particular wayEven as a young woman she had been perceived as a future chief executive. (perceive sth/sb as sth)Children who do badly in school tests often perceive themselves to be failures. (perceive sb/sth to be sth)②to notice, see, or recognize sth.During the break, the coach perceived a change in her players’ mood.Cats are not able to perceive color.I gradually perceive that culture and language cannot be separated.perception n.perceptive adj.process v.28, 000 applications for travel visas have still to be processed.Data is processed as it is received.processed meatthe food processing industryproject v.The next edition of the book is projected for publication in March.The unemployment rate is projected to fall.The edges of the roof project outward and keep the rain away from the wall. Their wedding photos were projected on the screen.a slide projectorThe blast projected huge stones through the air.theologytheology theologicalbiology biologicalmineral mineralogyidea ideologyquestion v.①to ask questions②to have/express doubtsquestionable: that can be questionedunquestionable: that cannot be questionedwardrobe①a piece of furniture where you can hang your clothes②the clothes that sb. haswinter/summer wardrobe。