历史文化

第五章历史文化

Ⅰ. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. Pay special attention to the italicized words.

1. The manager sat in his office amid his morning mail.

2. He is a man above vulgar interests.

3. The ancient compass is of high sensibility.

4. It looks as if we are in for a storm.

5. He was between sheets by eleven.

6. On a third voyage in 1498 Columbus found Trinidad and explored the northern coast of South America.

7. Fresh from his role in Titanic, he has a double starring role in The Man in the Iron Mask.(《铁面人》)

8. Later when the children came home for the week of Christmas, the house was bright with Christmas colours.

9. He continued to search through the Bahamian Cays down to Cuba, a place name which suggested Cipangu (Japan), and then eastward to the island he named Espanola.

10. Out of all the glorious tales written about the U. S. revolution for independence from Britain, the fact is hardly known that a black man was the first to die for American independence.

Ⅱ. Translate the following sentences into English. Pay special attention to the underlined words.

1．中国经历了一系列艰苦的变革和试验。

2．我再向外看时，他已抱了朱红的橘子往回走。

3．1292年，马可波罗携弟弟和儿子，随十四条大船组成的船队和六百名船员从中国南方一个港口出发，离开中国，前往威尼斯。

4．爹上班去了，妹不在家，妈刚找到工作，还得过一小时才下班。

5．经过仔细研究，他们发现这个设计落后了。

6．“来啦!”她转身蹦着跳着跑了，越过草地，跑上小径，跨上台阶，穿过阳台，进了门廊。

7．他们一不会做工，二不会种地，三不全打仗。

8．他们派了一个杀手去追杀他。

9．他们立刻出动去追击敌人。

10．我进屋时，他在读书。

Ⅲ. Translate the following passage into Chinese.

Born in 1451, the son of an Italian weaver, Christopher Columbus took to the sea at an early age, making up for his lack of formal education by teaching himself geography, navigation, and Latin. By the 1480s Columbus -- a tall, red-haired, long-faced man with a ruddy complexion, oval eyes, and a prominent nose -- was an experienced seaman. Dazzled by the prospect of Asian riches, he hatched a scheme to reach the Indies (India, China, the East Indies, or Japan) by sailing west. After the courts of Portugal, England, and France showed little interest in his plan, Columbus turned to Spain for backing. He won the support of Ferdinand and Isabella, the Spanish monarchs, and himself raised much of the money needed to finance the voyage. The legend that the queen had to hock the crown jewels is as spurious as the fable that Columbus set out to prove the earth was round.

Columbus chartered one seventy-five-foot ship, the Santa Maria, and the Spanish city of Palos supplied two smaller caravels, the Pinta and Nina. From Palos this little squadron, with eighty-seven officers and men, set sail westward for what Columbus thought was Asia. The first leg of the journey went well, thanks to a strong trade wind. But then the breeze lagged, the days passed, and the crew began to grumble about their captain's farfetched plan. To rally flagging morale, he reminded the crew of the dazzling riches awaiting them. Yet skepticism remained rife, and he finally promised that the expedition would mm back if land were not sighted in three days.

Early on October 12, 1492, after thirty-three days at sea, a lookout on the Santa Maria yelled "Tierra ! Tierra ! [ Land ! Land ! ]" It was an island in the Bahamas that Columbus named San Salvador (Blessed Savior). According to Columbus's own reckoning he was near the Indies, so he called the island people los Indios. He described the Indians as naked people, "very well made, of very handsome bodies and very good faces." The