翻译之被动语态共21页
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最新【英语翻译】被动语态的翻译方法ppt课件
new measures to prevent corrosion.
• 已经注意(zhù yì)到采取防腐新措施。
第四页，共24页。
一、译成中文(zhōngwén)的主动 句
• （1）保留原文主语 • 翻译(fānyì)某些被动句时，如无需指出动作的发出者，
动词的动作不带有受动色彩，通常可以按照原文语序顺 译，原文的主语仍旧充当译文的主语。
the most daring.
• 只有最勇敢的人才能(cá inéng)攀登那些高耸的山峰。 • The magnificent hotel had been completely
destroyed by the big fire.
• 大火把这座富丽堂皇的宾馆完全烧毁了。
第十页，共24页。
（5）译成无主句(zhǔ jù)
atom is said to be positively charged.
• 6、A force is needed to stop a moving body.
第二十页，共24页。
• 7、Brief reference should be made here to
the law of universal gravitation.
fever.
• 12、It is rumoured that she is going to
divorce her second husband.
第二十一页，共24页。
Keys:
• 1、你知道这个男孩子为什么挨了骂吗？ • 2、我早知道这孩子在幼儿园会得到很好的照顾
(zhà o gù )
• 3、英国、美国和其他的一些国家讲英语。 • 4、这本书里提到了好几种学习方法。 • 5、如果原子失去了一个或更多的电子，我们就
• 已经注意(zhù yì)到采取防腐新措施。
第四页，共24页。
一、译成中文(zhōngwén)的主动 句
• （1）保留原文主语 • 翻译(fānyì)某些被动句时，如无需指出动作的发出者，
动词的动作不带有受动色彩，通常可以按照原文语序顺 译，原文的主语仍旧充当译文的主语。
the most daring.
• 只有最勇敢的人才能(cá inéng)攀登那些高耸的山峰。 • The magnificent hotel had been completely
destroyed by the big fire.
• 大火把这座富丽堂皇的宾馆完全烧毁了。
第十页，共24页。
（5）译成无主句(zhǔ jù)
atom is said to be positively charged.
• 6、A force is needed to stop a moving body.
第二十页，共24页。
• 7、Brief reference should be made here to
the law of universal gravitation.
fever.
• 12、It is rumoured that she is going to
divorce her second husband.
第二十一页，共24页。
Keys:
• 1、你知道这个男孩子为什么挨了骂吗？ • 2、我早知道这孩子在幼儿园会得到很好的照顾
(zhà o gù )
• 3、英国、美国和其他的一些国家讲英语。 • 4、这本书里提到了好几种学习方法。 • 5、如果原子失去了一个或更多的电子，我们就
被动语态翻译.ppt
Keeping the passive structre unchanged
• With the help of a microscope you can watch the integrated circuits being separated and tested. • 利用一架显微镜，你可以看到集成电 路正在被分离和被测试的情况。 • The window pane was broken by the child; he will certainly be scolded. • 窗上的玻璃叫那个孩子打破了，他一定要 挨骂的。
• She is greatly respected by everyone. • 她深受大家的尊敬。 • He was laughed at by his • neighbours. • 他遭到了邻居们的嘲笑。
Replacing the passive voice with other means
Converting the Passive voice into the active
• 1.keeping the original subject unchanged
• The oil of the world will have been used up, and man will be using the more convenient power obtained from the splitting of the atom. • 全世界的石油将会用尽，人们将使用 从原子分裂获得的这种更为方便的动力。
• She and her husband have been asked out for the banquet. • 她和丈夫应邀赴宴去了。 • He has been wedded to translation. • 他与翻译接下了不解之缘。
被动语态的译法PPT课件
❖ 一、施事的原因。人们表达思想的时候，通 常使用主动句。但当主动句的施事（agent） 由于以下的原因而不需要或不可能指明时， 英语往往采用被动句；
❖ 1.施事未知而难以言明，如：
❖ The murderer was caught yesterday, and it is said that he will be hanged.
yesterday. 【译文】这孩子昨天挨了一顿批 评。
例2：I was caught in the downpour.
【译文】我在大雨中挨浇了。
B. 译成 “给” 字句 “给”也是用于翻译该动作对动作 接受者（受事者）不愉快或不愿 接受的句子。
例1：Our clothes were soaked
❖ The culture of antiquity was rediscovered. ❖ 古代文化重见天日。
1. 译成被动句 A. 译成 “被” 字句 例1：Vitamin C is destroyed when
it is overheated. 【译文】 维生素C受热过度就会 被破坏。
2. 译成主动句 A. 顺译成形式是主动，意义是被动 的句子 把英语句子译成主动句，其形式是 主动，但从意义和逻辑关系上看还 是被动句。
❖ A pot of rice like this can feed 10 people. ❖ 困难克服了，工作完成了，问题也解决了。
❖ The difficulties have been overcome, the work has been finished and the problem solved.
可以用来表达并非不如意的事。但大多数被动意义 不用“被字式”。
❖ 汉语的被动式除了受到意义的限制外，还受 到形式的限制。王力指出，“中国正常的被 动式是必须把主事者说出的。”如：
❖ 1.施事未知而难以言明，如：
❖ The murderer was caught yesterday, and it is said that he will be hanged.
yesterday. 【译文】这孩子昨天挨了一顿批 评。
例2：I was caught in the downpour.
【译文】我在大雨中挨浇了。
B. 译成 “给” 字句 “给”也是用于翻译该动作对动作 接受者（受事者）不愉快或不愿 接受的句子。
例1：Our clothes were soaked
❖ The culture of antiquity was rediscovered. ❖ 古代文化重见天日。
1. 译成被动句 A. 译成 “被” 字句 例1：Vitamin C is destroyed when
it is overheated. 【译文】 维生素C受热过度就会 被破坏。
2. 译成主动句 A. 顺译成形式是主动，意义是被动 的句子 把英语句子译成主动句，其形式是 主动，但从意义和逻辑关系上看还 是被动句。
❖ A pot of rice like this can feed 10 people. ❖ 困难克服了，工作完成了，问题也解决了。
❖ The difficulties have been overcome, the work has been finished and the problem solved.
可以用来表达并非不如意的事。但大多数被动意义 不用“被字式”。
❖ 汉语的被动式除了受到意义的限制外，还受 到形式的限制。王力指出，“中国正常的被 动式是必须把主事者说出的。”如：
课件-被动语态的翻译.docx
®英汉翻译技巧之®被动语态的译法英语屮的被动语态使用极为广泛，凡是在不必说出主动者、不愿说出主动者、无从说出主动者或者是为了便于连贯上下文等等场合，往往都使用被动语态，尤其是在科技英语中被动语态几乎随处可见。
而汉语中的被动结构却不那么常见，因为从习惯上讲，汉语中的“被”、“遭”、“受”、“挨” 等字眼总是给人不那么舒服的感觉，因此在英汉翻译时，往往要尽量将被动语态化为主动结构。
® When the crude oil is obtained from the field, it is taken to the refineries to be treated. The comm on est form of treatme nt is heating ・ When the oil is heated, the first vapors to rise are cooled and become the finest petrol. Petrol has a low boiling point; if a little is pouredinto the hand, it soon vaporizes・ Gas that comes off the oil later is condensed into pa raff in. Last of all the lubricati ng oils of various grades are produced ・ What remai ns is heavy oil that is used as fuel.®教学内容® 1、英语中常用被动语态的情况® 2、汉语中被动意义的表现方式® 3、英语被动语态的翻译® 1、不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
例如：Such books are written for children・We haven't been told about it.The English evening has been put off till Saturday・® 2、出于礼貌措辞等方面考虑不愿说出动作的执行者是谁。
英汉翻译 被动语态
爱情和咳嗽都不能隐藏
Illness must be correctly diagnosed before they can be treated with medicine.
疾病必须先确诊，再用药。
2014-12-10
原文中的主语在译文中作宾语
It would be astonishing if that loss were not keenly felt.
这个建议已经为老师所接受。
The telephone was invented by Graham Bell.
电话为格雷厄姆 贝尔所发明。
2014-12-10
Practice
“
•He was set upon by two masked men. 他遭到两个蒙面人的袭击。 •Robert Finn was dismissed by the boss of the factory.
众口相传就把这则新闻传开了。 大家认为这讲座对初学者很重要。
2014-12-10
If time is enough...
0 1 The Great Hall of the People was built i long will it be before black and white television sets are found only in museums?
The three machines can be controlled by a single operator. 这三台机器可以由一人单独操纵。
2014-12-10
Practice
“
•Other forms of energy can be changed to electric energy by generators. 发电机能把其他形式的能转变为电能。 •Early fires on the earth were certainly caused by nature, not by man. 地球上早期的火肯定是由大自然引燃的，而不是人类 所为。
Illness must be correctly diagnosed before they can be treated with medicine.
疾病必须先确诊，再用药。
2014-12-10
原文中的主语在译文中作宾语
It would be astonishing if that loss were not keenly felt.
这个建议已经为老师所接受。
The telephone was invented by Graham Bell.
电话为格雷厄姆 贝尔所发明。
2014-12-10
Practice
“
•He was set upon by two masked men. 他遭到两个蒙面人的袭击。 •Robert Finn was dismissed by the boss of the factory.
众口相传就把这则新闻传开了。 大家认为这讲座对初学者很重要。
2014-12-10
If time is enough...
0 1 The Great Hall of the People was built i long will it be before black and white television sets are found only in museums?
The three machines can be controlled by a single operator. 这三台机器可以由一人单独操纵。
2014-12-10
Practice
“
•Other forms of energy can be changed to electric energy by generators. 发电机能把其他形式的能转变为电能。 •Early fires on the earth were certainly caused by nature, not by man. 地球上早期的火肯定是由大自然引燃的，而不是人类 所为。
被动语态的翻译 PPT课件
当被动句中有地点状语，由介词“by”引导的方式状语及 “from”等表示的其它状语时，有时可把这种状语译成主语， 将介词省略，而把原主语译成宾语，这样，就更符合汉语的 习惯。如例2
11
被动语态的翻译
1.3 译成判断句 有些英语被动句并不突出强调被动动作，而着重对事物的状 态、过程和性质等加以描写，其作用与系表结构类似 , 因此，此 类句式可翻译成中文的判断句。例如: l) Everything in the world is build up from atoms. 世间万物都是由原子构成的。 2) The first explosive in the world was made and used in China. 世界上最早的炸药是在中国制造和使用的。
17
被动语态的ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้译
1.4 “It+ be+ past participle + that引导的从句”句型的翻译 A. 不加主语 It is hoped that... 希望…… It is reported that … 据报道…… It is said that... 据说…… It is supposed that… 据推测…… It may be said without fear of exaggeration that… 可以 毫不夸张地说…… It must be admitted that... 必须承认…… It must be pointed out that... 必须指出…… It will be seen from this that… 由此可见……
英译汉时，不少英语被动句被译成汉语主动句，使句
子更符合汉语习惯。 1) Don’t be alarmed if your newborn fails to be startled by loud noises or fails to turn toward sound. 如果你的新生儿听到响声并不吃惊，或者没有把头转 向发出声音的方向，不必慌张。
11
被动语态的翻译
1.3 译成判断句 有些英语被动句并不突出强调被动动作，而着重对事物的状 态、过程和性质等加以描写，其作用与系表结构类似 , 因此，此 类句式可翻译成中文的判断句。例如: l) Everything in the world is build up from atoms. 世间万物都是由原子构成的。 2) The first explosive in the world was made and used in China. 世界上最早的炸药是在中国制造和使用的。
17
被动语态的ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้译
1.4 “It+ be+ past participle + that引导的从句”句型的翻译 A. 不加主语 It is hoped that... 希望…… It is reported that … 据报道…… It is said that... 据说…… It is supposed that… 据推测…… It may be said without fear of exaggeration that… 可以 毫不夸张地说…… It must be admitted that... 必须承认…… It must be pointed out that... 必须指出…… It will be seen from this that… 由此可见……
英译汉时，不少英语被动句被译成汉语主动句，使句
子更符合汉语习惯。 1) Don’t be alarmed if your newborn fails to be startled by loud noises or fails to turn toward sound. 如果你的新生儿听到响声并不吃惊，或者没有把头转 向发出声音的方向，不必慌张。
L12被动语态的译法.ppt
Supplement: 汉语的主动句译成英语的被动句
说话时，已摆了茶果上来。 Meanwhile refreshments had been served. (汉 语主动句译成英文被动句。) 马路两旁是整齐的梧桐树。 The avenue was lined with neatly-spaced plane trees. 全国同胞们，中华人民共和国已宣告成立。 Fellow-countrymen, the founding of the People’s Republic of China is proclaimed.
我们随时都会被出入机场的敌机发现。 They were given a hearty welcome.
他们受到热烈欢迎。 Our views have been accepted by the committee.
我们的观点已经为委员会所接受。 Computers are regarded as one of the most efficient
这个问题必须在适当的时候，用适当的方式 予以处理。（back)
译成汉语被动句
能够译成汉语被动句的句子都着重被动的动作，常用 “被”,“给”, “遭”, “挨”, “为……所”, “使”, “由…”, “受到”等表示。
Any minute we would surely be spotted by enemy planes flying in and out of the airfield.
汉语中有 被/由/叫/挨/让/给/受/遭 等词时,可译成 英语被动句
他常被派做这项工作。 He is often sent to do this work. 你叫雨淋湿了。 You have been wetted in the rain. 这孩子昨天挨了一顿批评。 The boy was criticized yesterday.
商务英语被动语态翻译PPT学习教案
人们普遍对公共关系这个词存在误解，错误地用它 来描述从销售到招待客人等无所不包的各种活动， 而实际上，它是一个非常专门的交流过程。
第7页/共35页
Ex.
1. An MBA degree is considered to be one of the important requirements for the corporate position.
人们认为工商管理硕士学历是担任这一公司职位的必要 条件之一。
2. With the development of modern electrical engineering, power can be transmitted to wherever it is needed.
随着现代电气工程的发展，人们能把电力输送uitcase.
Ex.
Trade relationship has been established between China and most other countries in the world.
中国与世界上大多数国家建立了贸易关系。
第10页/共35页
第20页/共35页
2. 译成汉语的被动式：其结构是“受事者-动词”。汉 语中表达被动的一些词或结构：遭受﹑遭到﹑受到﹑得 到﹑受﹑挨﹑叫﹑被…… ﹑给…… ﹑为……所等等。
Political contests remind us that the candidates are marketed as well as soap; students recruitment by colleges reminds us that higher education is marketed; and fund raising reminds us that “causes” are marketed. 政治竞争让我们看到候选人也像肥皂一样被宣传推销；大 学录取学生使我们明白高等教育也要宣传推销；集资活动 也让我们了解到“各种事业”同样也需要宣传推销。
第7页/共35页
Ex.
1. An MBA degree is considered to be one of the important requirements for the corporate position.
人们认为工商管理硕士学历是担任这一公司职位的必要 条件之一。
2. With the development of modern electrical engineering, power can be transmitted to wherever it is needed.
随着现代电气工程的发展，人们能把电力输送uitcase.
Ex.
Trade relationship has been established between China and most other countries in the world.
中国与世界上大多数国家建立了贸易关系。
第10页/共35页
第20页/共35页
2. 译成汉语的被动式：其结构是“受事者-动词”。汉 语中表达被动的一些词或结构：遭受﹑遭到﹑受到﹑得 到﹑受﹑挨﹑叫﹑被…… ﹑给…… ﹑为……所等等。
Political contests remind us that the candidates are marketed as well as soap; students recruitment by colleges reminds us that higher education is marketed; and fund raising reminds us that “causes” are marketed. 政治竞争让我们看到候选人也像肥皂一样被宣传推销；大 学录取学生使我们明白高等教育也要宣传推销；集资活动 也让我们了解到“各种事业”同样也需要宣传推销。
演示文稿可用高中英语被动语态课件
Your idea sounds reasonable. What he said proved to be correct.
第14页，共23页。
3.不及物动词和某些短语。 happen,last,begin,stop,open,take place,
break out,come about,belong to, run out 等. (1)World war Ⅱ broke out in 1937. (2)The shop opens at 6 am every day. 4.在need ,want,require,deserve等词后用动 名词的主动形式表示被动含义，也可用不 定式的被动形式。 The matter wants looking into. The matter wants to be looked into.
被动语态
第4页，共23页。
三、各种时态的被动语态：
He is regarded as a brilliant scientist. 他Th一被is般认b现为o在o是k时一w：位aas才mw华r/ i横itste溢/na的irne科1d学9o6n家9e.。 这T一现h本e般在书b过进r是去o行k时1时e9：n：69wb年aiakm写se /成/isiws的be/。eraeinredgobrneepinagirdeodnneow.
It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house.
It is reported that her mother died of SARS.
众所周知…… It is well known that… 据推测说…… It is supposed that…
第14页，共23页。
3.不及物动词和某些短语。 happen,last,begin,stop,open,take place,
break out,come about,belong to, run out 等. (1)World war Ⅱ broke out in 1937. (2)The shop opens at 6 am every day. 4.在need ,want,require,deserve等词后用动 名词的主动形式表示被动含义，也可用不 定式的被动形式。 The matter wants looking into. The matter wants to be looked into.
被动语态
第4页，共23页。
三、各种时态的被动语态：
He is regarded as a brilliant scientist. 他Th一被is般认b现为o在o是k时一w：位aas才mw华r/ i横itste溢/na的irne科1d学9o6n家9e.。 这T一现h本e般在书b过进r是去o行k时1时e9：n：69wb年aiakm写se /成/isiws的be/。eraeinredgobrneepinagirdeodnneow.
It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house.
It is reported that her mother died of SARS.
众所周知…… It is well known that… 据推测说…… It is supposed that…
被动语态翻译讲解.pptx
Translation Skill — Passive Voice
（翻译技巧 ——被语态的译法） 在英语学习中，被动语态句子十分常见，主要有以下几 种情况：
➢出于礼貌措辞等方面考虑不愿说出动作的执行者 是谁。
You are requested to give a performance. It is generally considered not advisable to act that way.
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译成汉语的主动句
2.主语译成宾语 英语被动语态的施动者通常由“by”引导， 因此翻译的时候可以直接把“by”的宾语译 为汉语句子的主语；也有些时候，其他介词 的宾语也可以译为句子的主语
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2.主语译成宾语
1)By the end of the war，800 people had been saved by the organization.大战结束时，这个组织拯救了800人。 2)A right kind of fuel is needed for an atomic reactor.原子反应 堆需要一种合适的燃料。
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感谢您的观看！
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areas: natural science and social science.
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译成汉语的其他句型
1.译成汉语的无主句
英语的许多被动句不需或无法讲出动作的发出者，往往 可译成汉语的无主句，而把原句中的主语译成宾语。英语 中有些固定的动词短语，如：make use of，pay attention to， take care of，put an end to等用于被动句时，常译成被动句。
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（翻译技巧 ——被语态的译法） 在英语学习中，被动语态句子十分常见，主要有以下几 种情况：
➢出于礼貌措辞等方面考虑不愿说出动作的执行者 是谁。
You are requested to give a performance. It is generally considered not advisable to act that way.
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译成汉语的主动句
2.主语译成宾语 英语被动语态的施动者通常由“by”引导， 因此翻译的时候可以直接把“by”的宾语译 为汉语句子的主语；也有些时候，其他介词 的宾语也可以译为句子的主语
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2.主语译成宾语
1)By the end of the war，800 people had been saved by the organization.大战结束时，这个组织拯救了800人。 2)A right kind of fuel is needed for an atomic reactor.原子反应 堆需要一种合适的燃料。
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感谢您的观看！
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areas: natural science and social science.
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译成汉语的其他句型
1.译成汉语的无主句
英语的许多被动句不需或无法讲出动作的发出者，往往 可译成汉语的无主句，而把原句中的主语译成宾语。英语 中有些固定的动词短语，如：make use of，pay attention to， take care of，put an end to等用于被动句时，常译成被动句。
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英语被动语态视译
❖ 大家知道常用温度计是 水银温度计。
Our teacher was seen to be working in the office.
❖ 有人看见老师在办公室 备课。
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PRACTICE
❖ It is believed that today's pop music can serve as a creature force by stimulating the thinking of its listeners.
a theater last night.
院，时间是昨晚。
❖ The thing must be handled with care.
❖ Rainbows are formed when sunlight passes through small drops of water in the sky.
❖ It+ be + v-ed + that/S+ be + v-ed + to do译成
有人，人们，大家，我们等
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谢谢！
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❖ 必须使学生在德育、智育、 体育方面得到全面发展。
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把 by 后的宾语倒译成汉语的主语
❖ We are kept strong ❖ 洁净的空气使我们身 and well by clean air. 体健康。
❖ By the end of the war, 800 people had been saved by the organization.
❖ Most of the questions have been settled satisfactorily, and only a few questions of secondary importance remain to be discussed
初中英语主动语态和被动语态(共21张PPT)
sb be watched to do
观
sth
动 hear sb do sth 词
sb be heard to do sth
notice sb do sth sb be noticed to do sth
②含有短语的被动语态结构。
一般来说，只有及物动词才有被动语态，因为只有及物动词才有承 受者。
但许多不及物动词加上副词或介词构成动词短语也相当于及物动词的用 法，可以
③We have learned 3000 English words so far.（主动） → 3000 English words have been learned by us so far.
Fill in the blanks with the Passive Voice.
1、Tea i_s_g_r_o_w__n (grow) in Fujian. 2、Chinese _i_s_s_p_o__k_e_n_ (speak) in China. 3、The bed ___is__u_s_e_d__ (use) for sleeping. 4、Our classroom _i_s_c_le_a_n__e_d (clean) every day. 5、The cars _a_r_e__m_a_d_e__ (make) in Beijing.
什么时候要用被动语态呢？ 在下列三种情况之一要用被动语态： ①不知道动作的执行者是谁，用被动语态。 ②没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者，用被动
语态。 ③需要强调动作的承受者时，用被动语态
主动句中谓语动词的发出者由by引出，作为by的宾语，也可以省略。
请看以下主动语态和被动语态结构的转换：
主动语态:主语＋谓语＋宾语