化工原理英文教材cha(1)
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化工原理英文教材传质分离过程Mass Transfer and Separation Processes
14
•How to separate a solution of salt and water?
(Problem for producing fresh water from the sea.) (1)Supply heat and boil water off; (2)Supply refrigeration and freeze out pure ice; (3)Pump the water to a higher pressure and force it through a thin solid membrane that will let water through preferentially to salt (reverse osmosis)反渗透.
•Thinking (introspection): Many environmental pollution problems are caused by separation itself?
Why? How to solve this problem?
13
3. Definition of Separation Processes
Product Streams (different in composition, at least 2 streams)
19
Example: Distillation Fractionating
column
Feed
Overhead product
Bottom product
20
•The separation is caused by the addition of a separating agent）. •separating agent: matter or energy •Usually the separating agent will cause the formation of a second phase of matter. • •Separation methods(mass transfer between two immiscible phases):
•How to separate a solution of salt and water?
(Problem for producing fresh water from the sea.) (1)Supply heat and boil water off; (2)Supply refrigeration and freeze out pure ice; (3)Pump the water to a higher pressure and force it through a thin solid membrane that will let water through preferentially to salt (reverse osmosis)反渗透.
•Thinking (introspection): Many environmental pollution problems are caused by separation itself?
Why? How to solve this problem?
13
3. Definition of Separation Processes
Product Streams (different in composition, at least 2 streams)
19
Example: Distillation Fractionating
column
Feed
Overhead product
Bottom product
20
•The separation is caused by the addition of a separating agent）. •separating agent: matter or energy •Usually the separating agent will cause the formation of a second phase of matter. • •Separation methods(mass transfer between two immiscible phases):
化工原理英文教材流体输送与计量泵设备Transportation and metering of fluids
If the suction pressure is actually less than the vapor pressure, cavitation will occur in the suction line, and no liquid can be drawn into the pump.
化工原理 Principles of Chemical Industry
Transportation and metering of fluids
The engineer is concerned with practical problems in transporting fluids from one place to another and in measuring their rates of flow.
Such devices increase the mechanical energy of the fluid.
The energy may be used to increase the velocity, the pressure, or the elevation of the fluid.
W
pb
gZb
ub2 2
pa
gZa
ua2 2
(8-1)
The equation(8-1) can be divided by g, gives
H
pb
g
Zb
ub2 2g
pa
g
Za
ua2 2g
(8-1a)
The quantity H is called developed (total) head, in which each term has the dimension of length.
天大化工原理-英文版课件-Chapter 1-11Definitions and Principles
18
4. Course objectives
• Understand the basic principles of and equipment of the unit operations. • Include designing or selection of devices. operatioroubleshooting of various unit operations.
• The international steam table calorie (calIT), used in heat power engineering, is defined by • 1 calIT=4.1868*×107 ergs = 4.1868* J (1.22)
25
• The standard gravity acceleration
gn 980.665cm / s
2
26
3. FPS Units
• The standard for mass is the avoirdupois pound (lb), • 1 lb = 0.45359237* kg (1.26) • The standard for length is the inch (in.), • 1 ft= 12× 2.54×10–2m= 0.3048* m (1.27) • The standard for time remains the second (s). • The thermodynamic temperature scale is called the Rankine scale,
9
1.1 UNIT OPERATIONS
• • • • 1. Unit operations 2. Classification of unit operations 3. Course description 4. Course objectives
4. Course objectives
• Understand the basic principles of and equipment of the unit operations. • Include designing or selection of devices. operatioroubleshooting of various unit operations.
• The international steam table calorie (calIT), used in heat power engineering, is defined by • 1 calIT=4.1868*×107 ergs = 4.1868* J (1.22)
25
• The standard gravity acceleration
gn 980.665cm / s
2
26
3. FPS Units
• The standard for mass is the avoirdupois pound (lb), • 1 lb = 0.45359237* kg (1.26) • The standard for length is the inch (in.), • 1 ft= 12× 2.54×10–2m= 0.3048* m (1.27) • The standard for time remains the second (s). • The thermodynamic temperature scale is called the Rankine scale,
9
1.1 UNIT OPERATIONS
• • • • 1. Unit operations 2. Classification of unit operations 3. Course description 4. Course objectives
化工原理英文教材固体干燥过程Drying of Solids
2.4 Hvv
t
2vvvH7H2vv37vH3(H0(.10711v78.72.gv071g2123.PH2241v.14Hv4.H02v54)v[4tmtH2237)27237w373ta321te.720r31713P3.v01a101p53P.o0r1k13Pg051w[0ma5 te3水 r v汽apkogr]水
nv pv p ng pg P p H 0.622 p (5 2) H=f（P，p）
P p
p=pv—partial pressure of water vapor in moist air, N/m2; pg—partial pressure of dry air in moist air; P—total pressure of moist air, N/m2.
Hs
0.622
ps P ps
(5 3)
ps f (t) Hs f (P,t)
Where p=ps=f(t), ps=vapor pressure of water, Hs=f(P, t)
15
•(2)Specific volume of moist air :
Specific volume of dry air:
(2)continuous and batchwise drying processes. (3)According to the heat transfer manners: 1)Indirect dryers/dryers in which heat is transferred to the
solid from an external medium(condensing steam, etc) 2)Convective/direct dryers/Dryers in which the solid is directly
《化工专业英语第一》PPT课件演示教学
only for small shells.
• （3）运用图表、公式、符号、缩写词语等来替代和简化文字描述， 使论述和说明更为直观和简洁。如：LAS, e.g..
• (4).使用各类复合词较多，如chlor-alkali，by-products。
• 4.化学化工专业英语语法特点：
•
专业英语着重讲述客观现象和科学真理，要求行文简洁、表达客
问才能学好专业英语。广泛进行化学专业英语阅读，阅读过程中，有
意识地对反复出现的化学专业词汇进行观察、分析、归纳，发现化合
物命名中词头和词尾变化的规律。可以通过汉译英、英译汉、用英语 回答问题及写课文或某一段落摘要的练习，提高英语书面表达能力； 在具有较高基础英语听说能力后，不断积累并掌握简单、常用专业英 语词汇的听说技巧，能提高用英语进行专业技术交流的能力。
Oxys(酸)，后缀-gen 。 • 氟，F(Fluorum, [En]Fluorine)，得名于萤石(拉丁语 Fluor，原意是熔
剂)，化学成分是 氟化钙。 • 钠，Na(Natrium)，英语为 Sodium，因电解苏打(Soda，化学成分是
碳酸钠)制得而得 名。拉丁语 Natrium 意思也是苏打。 • 镁，Mg(Magnesium)，得名于苦土(Magnesia，希腊一个盛产苦土的
• 专业英语是大学课程体系的一个重要组成部分，是保证学 生能够真正掌握英语并能够实用英语的一个重要环节。
• 专业英语有着自身的特点，表现在语句结构、构词、写作 等方面，学生只有掌握了这些特点才能更好地学习并运用 专业英语。
• 本教材的内容包括：
• 按照化学基础知识如有机物和无机物、化学反应内容；化 工操作单元和化工设备如转热、反应器、喷雾干燥设备和 膜技术等内容；无机化工如盐酸和硝酸、纯碱、烧碱等内 容，有机化工、精细化工、高分子材料、化工产品说明书 和设备说明书、煤化工、环境保护和清洁生产、计算机辅 助设计、生物技术、锂离子电池等内容，使教材体现新技 术新材料技术的发展和应用。使本教材有简单到复杂、由 化学到化工、有设备到工艺、由基础到前沿的顺序安排学 习。同时让学生掌握化学化工词汇的构词规律，掌握专业 英语的特点和学习方法，掌握专业英语的翻译和写作。使 学生在今后的生产实践中能够借助词典阅读专业的先进技
化工原理(1)(全英文)知到章节答案智慧树2023年山东科技大学
化工原理（1）（全英文）知到章节测试答案智慧树2023年最新山东科技大学绪论单元测试1.The unit operation of separation of gas mixture based on the difference ofcomponents’solubility is . 利用气体各组分在液体中的溶解度的不同而实现气体分离的单元操作是。
（）参考答案:Absorption吸收2.Please judge which following unit operation belongs to mass transfer? 请判断哪个单元操作属于质量传递? ( )参考答案:Distillation 精馏3.Which unit operation belongs to heat transfer? 哪个单元操作属于热量传递?( )参考答案:Cooling 冷却4.As we all know, "three transfers" is a very important concept, which includesmomentum, heat, and mass transfer, now judge which following unitoperation belongs to momentum transfer? 总所周知，三传是非常重要的概念，它包括动量、热量和质量传递，请判断哪个单元操作属于动量传递?( )参考答案:Transportation of fluids 流体输送5.Some unit operations just include 1 transfer, however others maybe include2 or3 transfers at the same time, please indicate the unit operation belowthat exists mass and heat transfers meanwhile?一些单元操作只存在一种传递，有些则同时存在2到3种单元操作，请指出下面哪个单元操作既属于质量传递同时也属于热量传递？( )参考答案:Distillation精馏第一章测试1.Gas is a compressible fluid. 气体是一种可压缩性的流体。
化工原理英文教材传热原理Principles of heat flow in fluids
化工原理 Principles of Chemical Industry
Principles of heat flow in fluids
Typical heat-exchange equipment
Single-pass shell-and-tube condenser
Expansion joint
It is clear from Fig.11-4 that Δt can vary considerably from point to point along the tube, and, therefore, the flux also varies with tube length.
The local flux dq/dA is related to the local value of Δt by the equation
because, as inspection of Figs11-4a and b will show, it is
not possible with this method of flow to bring the exit temperature of one fluid nearly to the entrance temperature of the other and the heat that can be transferred is less than that possible in countercurrent flow.
The temperatures plotted Fig11-4 are average stream temperatures.
The temperature so defined is called the average or mixing-cup stream temperature.
Principles of heat flow in fluids
Typical heat-exchange equipment
Single-pass shell-and-tube condenser
Expansion joint
It is clear from Fig.11-4 that Δt can vary considerably from point to point along the tube, and, therefore, the flux also varies with tube length.
The local flux dq/dA is related to the local value of Δt by the equation
because, as inspection of Figs11-4a and b will show, it is
not possible with this method of flow to bring the exit temperature of one fluid nearly to the entrance temperature of the other and the heat that can be transferred is less than that possible in countercurrent flow.
The temperatures plotted Fig11-4 are average stream temperatures.
The temperature so defined is called the average or mixing-cup stream temperature.
化工原理Ⅰ1教学大纲
《化工原理Ⅰ-1》教学大纲一、课程基本信息1、课程英文名称：Principle of Chemical EngineeringⅠ-12、课程类别：专业基础课程3、课程学时：总学时56，实验学时4，上机学时44、学分：3.55、先修课程：高等数学、大学物理、物理化学、化工热力学6、适用专业：化学工程与工艺7、大纲执笔：化学工程与工艺教研室刘瑾8、大纲审批：化学化工学院学术委员会9、制定(修订)时间：2006年9月二、课程的目的与任务化工原理是化学工程学科中的基础部分，是化学工程与工艺专业的一门骨干技术基础课。
本课程的主要任务是研究化工生产中以物理加工为背景，具有共同规律的各种单元操作的基本原理；典型设备的构造、性能与操作原理；研究单元操作及其典型设备的有关计算；寻找适宜的操作条件，探索强化过程的方向及改进设备的途径。
通过本课程的学习，使学生牢固掌握单元操作的基础理论；初步掌握化工过程的开发、设计与操作的有关方法；同时培养学生学会从工程实际出发，运用工程观点从多种角度，尤其是经济角度考虑技术问题。
三、课程的基本要求1、化工原理是一门具有承上启下作用的技术基础课程。
是学生具备了必要的高等数学、物理、物理化学、机械制图、计算技术等基础知识后的一门必修主干课程。
2、本课程以课堂教学为主，辅以其他教学环节，如习题课、演示课、CAI、电化教学、实验教学、计算机仿真。
学生应完成一定数量的课外作业，通过作业、测验和考试等方式，以及后续的化工原理课程设计来检查和巩固教学效果。
3、本课程采用双语教学。
四、教学内容、要求及学时分配(一) 理论教学绪论2学时1、化工过程与单元操作的关系化工生产过程的特点；化工工艺学与化学工程学的性质；单元操作的任务2、化工原理课程的性质，内容基础理论；典型单元操作；相关课程3、化工原理课程的重要基础概念物料衡算；能量衡算；单位换算和公式转换；平衡关系；过程速率；经济效益基本要求：了解《化工原理》课程的性质和学习要求。
化工原理第二版第一章
当p1 p2不变时， 若PA PC小，
则R大
（3）倒U形压差计
16
若被测流体为液体，也可选 用比其密度小的流体（液体 或气体）作为指示剂
最常用的倒U形压差计是以空 气作为指示剂
p1 p2 Rg ( 0 ) Rg
17 例：用U形压差计测量气体管道两点的压力差，指示液为水，读数R为 12mm。为了放大读数，改为双液体U管，指示液A为含40％乙醇的水溶液， 密度为920 kg/m3，指示液C为煤油，密度为850 kg/m3。问读数可以放大 多少倍？此时读数为多少？
化工原理
Chemical Engineering Principles
第一章 液体流动 Basic Mechanics of Fluids
流体流动：最普遍的化工单元操作之一
2
3 §1 流体静止的基本方程
1.1 密度(density)
单位体积流体的质量，称为流体的密度.
m
V
ρ——流体的密度，kg/m3； m——流体的质量，kg； V——流体的体积，m3。
12 1.4 液柱压差计
（1） U形管压差计
设指示液的密度为 0
被测流体的密度为
pA p1 g(m R)
pA' p2 gm 0 gR
pA pA'
p1 g(m R) p2 gm 0 gR
p1 p2 (0 )gR
对一定的流体，其密度是压力和温度的函数，即
f ( p,T )
4 液体密度 : 通常液体可视为不可压缩流体，认为其密度仅 随温度变化（极高压力除外），其变化关系可由手册中查 得。
气体密度: 对于气体，当压力不太高、温度不太低时，可 按理想气体状态方程计算.
化工原理英文教材流体输送阻力系数Flow past immersed bodies
For low Reynolds numbers the drag force for a sphere conforms to a theoretical equation called Stokes´law, which may be written
FD 3ud p
(7-3)
From Eq.(7-3), the drag coefficient predicted by Stokes´ law is, using Eq(7-1)
The total integrated drag from wall shear is called
wall drag.
The total integrated drag from pressure is called form drag.
In potential flow (ideal fluids) there is no wall drag.
R(7-e2)
Drag coefficients of typical shapes
In Fig, curves of CD(ζ) vs. Re are shown for spheres, long cylinders, and disks. The axis of the cylinder and the face of the disk are perpendicular to the direction of flow.
(7-25)
du dt
ae
p p
Ap
Vp p
u2 2
(7-30)
Terminal velocity
The drag always increases with velocity, the acceleration du/dt of a particle decreases with time and approaches to zero.
化工原理英文教材传热设备heat-exchange equipment
Special heat-transfer devices used to liquefy vapors by removing their latent heats are called condensers.
Condensers fall into two classes. In the first, called shelland-tube condenser, the condensing vapor and coolant are separated by a tube wall.
Flash p342
2-4 exchanger
The 1-2 exchanger has an important limitation. Because of the parallel-flow pass, the exchanger is unable to bring the exit temperature of one fluid very near to the entrance temperature of the other.
An even number of tube-side passes are used in multipass exchangers. The shell side may be either single-pass or multipass.
In multipass exchangers, floating heads are frequently used.
Flash p339
In an exchanger the shell-side and tube-side heattransfer coefficients are of comparable importance, and both must be large if a satisfactory overall coefficient is to be attained.
Condensers fall into two classes. In the first, called shelland-tube condenser, the condensing vapor and coolant are separated by a tube wall.
Flash p342
2-4 exchanger
The 1-2 exchanger has an important limitation. Because of the parallel-flow pass, the exchanger is unable to bring the exit temperature of one fluid very near to the entrance temperature of the other.
An even number of tube-side passes are used in multipass exchangers. The shell side may be either single-pass or multipass.
In multipass exchangers, floating heads are frequently used.
Flash p339
In an exchanger the shell-side and tube-side heattransfer coefficients are of comparable importance, and both must be large if a satisfactory overall coefficient is to be attained.
化工原理英文教材-分离-相间扩散和传质原理Principles of Diffusion and Mass Transfer Between Phases
cAM A cBM B const
••sTtSMJhFucMJhuAemoDAAeAbDMrAmdAsMvdoABcntMBooAcifAodtAcadlldAdtuuaAcdAvhncbctrAmcbdMoAdeidAJBnJMvclebMJvuAcMBgoABtoMBmBdBrl(d代BunldiAcMcu入cemAcBAJMBm)BffBBEellDBdeoodMqDn0MtcwwBdbr0.BABB00(i/A1c0rcaddMo7acdcRfdba.nntPrBlc1eboTnosBJ3twsdi0)MAsssPMRi(ttn1Bdh(hVT17tBueeo.71eJmr.E013etBC0)3ooqfe)l.oda(rn1erif7sn(fft1.uclD1(o7e1s4wA.i71)poB.4dln1grda)dnai4nvcit)bAseAeezs,tetihrmDoede.BnsAB
A
EqAuilibrium
LVab,,xyab VVbb,,yybb VLb ,b ,yxb b LLbb,,xxbb LVb ,,xyb VV,,yy
VL,,yx VLLa,,,xxya
Ay Dfroirvciyneyg
yx
AA
curve
y
yy
y
yy
Driving
force x
VLa,,xya La , xa
J A N A cAu0 cA(uA u0 ) (17.4)
J A =Diffusion flux of component A in the mixture
12
J B NB cBu0 cB (uB u0 ) (17.5) J B =Diffusion flux of component B in the mixture
化工原理英文教材管道和渠道中的不可压缩流动Incompressible flow in pipes and channels
Integration of equation(5-10) with the boundary condition ur=0, r=rw gives
ur
w 2 rw
rw2 r 2
(5-11)
The maximum value of the local velocity is denoted by umax and is located at center of the pipe. The value of umax is found from equation (5-11) by substituting 0 for r, gives
This chapter deals with the steady flow of incompressible fluids through closed pipes and channels
Shear stress and skin friction in pipes
Sheer—stress distribution
The treatment is especially straightforward fluid, for which quantities such as the velocity distribution, the average velocity, and momentum and kinetic energy correction factors are readily calculated.
τ
Flow
p
rw
r
-(p+dp)
τ
Figure
dL
Fluid element in steady flow through pipe.
化工原理英文教材chapter1
化工原理英文教材chapyou again
2024/2/10
化工原理英文教材chapter1
化工原理英文教材chapter1
v Preparing lessons or preview before class
v →Review after class v Don't take the course just for the grade. v Practice makes a master. If you don't
represented by a letter which symbolizes that quantity, this letter is called dimension. v For SI system, L for length, M for mass, T for temperature, for time. v 3 Unit conversion.
化工原理英文教材chapter1
Background
v What is the text book? Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering.
v It is most popular in Chem. Eng. major in USA univ.
v Authors? Warren L. McCabe, Julian C. Smith and Peter Harriott.
化工原理英文教材 chapter1
2024/2/10
化工原理英文教材chapter1
Introduction
v About the Courses and time scheduling Lecturing (theory)： 14 weeks, 4 classes each week
2024/2/10
化工原理英文教材chapter1
化工原理英文教材chapter1
v Preparing lessons or preview before class
v →Review after class v Don't take the course just for the grade. v Practice makes a master. If you don't
represented by a letter which symbolizes that quantity, this letter is called dimension. v For SI system, L for length, M for mass, T for temperature, for time. v 3 Unit conversion.
化工原理英文教材chapter1
Background
v What is the text book? Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering.
v It is most popular in Chem. Eng. major in USA univ.
v Authors? Warren L. McCabe, Julian C. Smith and Peter Harriott.
化工原理英文教材 chapter1
2024/2/10
化工原理英文教材chapter1
Introduction
v About the Courses and time scheduling Lecturing (theory)： 14 weeks, 4 classes each week
化工原理Ⅰ课程教学大纲
《化工原理Ⅰ》课程教学大纲英文名称：The Principle of Chemical Engineering课程编号：04210061适用专业：化学制药技术总学时数：56学时学分：4 学分一、本课程性质、目的和任务《化工原理》是化工类各专业学生必修的一门主要的基础技术课程，其主要任务是学习化工生产中主要单元操作的基本原理、典型设备及其计算（或选型）方法，培养学生具有一定的分析和解决化工单元操作中遇到的实际问题的能力。
1．以物料衡算、能量衡算、平衡关系、传递速率、经济核算为理论依据，掌握化工生产中主要单元操作的基本原理，典型设备及其计算（或选型）方法。
2．掌握各种单元操作过程的本质，使之在影响因素众多的实际问题中能抓住问题的主要方面，提高学生解决化工单元操作中遇到的实际问题的能力。
3．通过实际生产过程的讲授，使学生对化工生产过程的单元操作有更深刻的认识，注重培养学生解决生产实际问题的能力。
二、课程教学内容及要求绪论1、教学内容一、《化工原理》课程的研究对象。
二、《化工原理》课程的内容、性质和任务。
三、物料衡算、能量衡算。
四、单位制及单位换算。
2、重点、难点1重点：化工原理课程的内容、性质和任务；物料衡算；单位制及单位换算。
难点：能量衡算。
3、教学基本要求（1）了解本课程研究对象、内容及发展概况。
（2）了解本课程主要研究方法。
（3）熟练掌握本课程的单位和单位换算、物料衡算和能量衡算。
第一章流体流动1、教学内容第一节流体静力学基本方程式一、流体的密度二、流体的静压强三、流体静力学基本方程式四、流体静力学基本方程式的应用：U形压差计、液位测量、液封高度计算第二节流体在管内的流动一、流量与流速二、定态流动与非定态流动三、连续性方程式四、稳定流动时流体的质量衡算——连续性方程式。
五、稳定流动时流体的总能量衡算——柏努利方程式。
六、柏努利方程式的应用。
第三节流体的流动现象一、牛顿粘性定律及流体的粘度。
二、流体的流动型态及雷诺准数。
化工原理教材第一章流体力学与应用
1t=103kg 1u≈1.6605655×10-27kg
1L=1dm3=10-3m3
因目前常用的物理、化学数据和工程用数、表、列线图仍 有许多是用物理制（CGS制）单位和工程单位，尚未换算 过来，CGS与工程单位制中的基本单位如表6所示。工程 单位制中以“力”为基本量，用符号kgf表示。
表6 CGS制与工程制的基本单位
教学目的
入门
学好本课程对保证化工装置的正常运行、 优化工艺设备的设计、提高产品的质量、 挖掘设备的生产潜力、降低设备投资及生 产成本、节约能耗、防止污染、加速新技 术开发等都有非常重要的作用。
一、单元操作
单元操作进行的方式
1.间歇操作： 每次操作之初向设备内投入一批物料，经过一番处理后，
量的名称
单位名称
长度
米
质量
千克
时间
秒
电流
安培
热力学温度
开尔文
物质的量
摩尔
发光强度
坎德拉
单位符号 m kg s A K mol cd
表2 国际单位制的辅助单位
量的名称
单位名称
平面角
弧度
立体角
球面角
单位符号 rad sr
表3 国际单位制中具有专门名称的导出单位（常用单位）
量的名称
频率 力；重力 压力（压强），应力 能量，功，热
作业：下周课前上交，请勿抄袭
考核方式：平时与期末比例同时参照教务办相关要求。
网上学习：
绪论
《化工原理》是化工及其相关专业学生必 修的一门技术基础课，是《高等数学》、 《大学物理》、《基础化学》、《物理化 学》等课程的后继课程，为反应工程、传 递过程、工艺过程开发等专业课程的先行 课程，是自然科学领域的基础课向工程科 学的专业课过渡的入门课程。
1L=1dm3=10-3m3
因目前常用的物理、化学数据和工程用数、表、列线图仍 有许多是用物理制（CGS制）单位和工程单位，尚未换算 过来，CGS与工程单位制中的基本单位如表6所示。工程 单位制中以“力”为基本量，用符号kgf表示。
表6 CGS制与工程制的基本单位
教学目的
入门
学好本课程对保证化工装置的正常运行、 优化工艺设备的设计、提高产品的质量、 挖掘设备的生产潜力、降低设备投资及生 产成本、节约能耗、防止污染、加速新技 术开发等都有非常重要的作用。
一、单元操作
单元操作进行的方式
1.间歇操作： 每次操作之初向设备内投入一批物料，经过一番处理后，
量的名称
单位名称
长度
米
质量
千克
时间
秒
电流
安培
热力学温度
开尔文
物质的量
摩尔
发光强度
坎德拉
单位符号 m kg s A K mol cd
表2 国际单位制的辅助单位
量的名称
单位名称
平面角
弧度
立体角
球面角
单位符号 rad sr
表3 国际单位制中具有专门名称的导出单位（常用单位）
量的名称
频率 力；重力 压力（压强），应力 能量，功，热
作业：下周课前上交，请勿抄袭
考核方式：平时与期末比例同时参照教务办相关要求。
网上学习：
绪论
《化工原理》是化工及其相关专业学生必 修的一门技术基础课，是《高等数学》、 《大学物理》、《基础化学》、《物理化 学》等课程的后继课程，为反应工程、传 递过程、工艺过程开发等专业课程的先行 课程，是自然科学领域的基础课向工程科 学的专业课过渡的入门课程。
化工原理英文教材流体流动的基本方程Basic equations of fluid flow
S o, S S, p p 0
F Mb Ma
The momentum flow rate M of a fluid tream having a mass flow rate m and all moving at a velocity u equals mu
F mub ua
It is true if the velocity u is an average velocity at the cross section.
Ma a
Mb b
Assuming that the flow is steady and flows in the x direction.
The sum of forces acting in the x direction equals the difference between the momentum leaving with the fluid per unit time and that brought in per unit time by the fluid or
If u varies from point to point in the cross section of stream, however, the total momentum flow does not equal the product of mass flow rate and average velocity
the component of the gravity in the direction of flow
Fg cos A 0
From this equation, noting that A=bL and Fg=ρrLbg
So
F Mb Ma
The momentum flow rate M of a fluid tream having a mass flow rate m and all moving at a velocity u equals mu
F mub ua
It is true if the velocity u is an average velocity at the cross section.
Ma a
Mb b
Assuming that the flow is steady and flows in the x direction.
The sum of forces acting in the x direction equals the difference between the momentum leaving with the fluid per unit time and that brought in per unit time by the fluid or
If u varies from point to point in the cross section of stream, however, the total momentum flow does not equal the product of mass flow rate and average velocity
the component of the gravity in the direction of flow
Fg cos A 0
From this equation, noting that A=bL and Fg=ρrLbg
So