初中英语--独立主格结构讲解归纳大全
《独立主格结构》 讲义
《独立主格结构》讲义一、什么是独立主格结构在英语语法中,独立主格结构是一个比较特殊且重要的语法点。
简单来说,独立主格结构是由“名词或代词+现在分词、过去分词、形容词、副词、不定式、介词短语等”构成,在句中作状语,表示时间、原因、条件、伴随等情况。
它与句子的主语没有直接的语法关系,自身有独立的逻辑主语。
这一特点使得独立主格结构在表达上更加灵活多样,能够丰富句子的结构和含义。
二、独立主格结构的构成形式1、名词/代词+现在分词这种形式中,名词或代词是现在分词的逻辑主语,现在分词表示主动和正在进行的动作。
例如:The weather being fine, we decided to go for a picnic (天气很好,我们决定去野餐。
)在这个句子中,“the weather”是“being fine”的逻辑主语,“天气好”这个动作是主动进行的。
2、名词/代词+过去分词此时,名词或代词是过去分词的逻辑主语,过去分词表示被动和完成的动作。
比如:The work done, he went home (工作完成了,他回家了。
)“the work”是“done”的逻辑主语,“工作被完成”是被动的。
3、名词/代词+形容词这种结构中,形容词说明名词或代词的特征或状态。
例如:He came into the room, his face red (他走进房间,脸红红的。
)“his face”是“red”的逻辑主语,“红”描述了“脸”的状态。
4、名词/代词+副词副词在独立主格结构中用于修饰名词或代词。
比如:The meeting over, they went home (会议结束了,他们回家了。
)“the meeting”是“over”的逻辑主语,“over”表示“会议”的结束状态。
5、名词/代词+不定式当名词或代词是不定式的逻辑主语时,常用这种形式。
例如:A lot of work to do, he had to stay up late (有很多工作要做,他不得不熬夜。
语法解析独立主格的用法和例子
语法解析独立主格的用法和例子独立主格是一种语法结构,在英语中被广泛使用。
它可以用来表达一种动作或状态,与主句的主语存在独立关系,但又与主句中的谓语动词有密切联系。
本文将重点介绍独立主格的用法和提供一些例子来加深大家的理解。
一、独立主格的定义和基本用法独立主格是由名词或代词 + 现在分词或过去分词构成的结构,常常出现在句子的开头,用于修饰整个句子或表达附加信息。
独立主格的核心是现在分词或过去分词,它通常表示一种原因、条件、方式、结果等。
下面是一些常用的独立主格结构及其基本用法:1. 名词 + 现在分词:表示原因或条件。
例如:- 天气晴朗,他们决定去钓鱼。
- 经过多年的努力,她成功地获得了博士学位。
2. 名词 + 过去分词:表示状态或结果。
例如:- 听到这个好消息,他非常高兴。
- 优秀的成绩使他的父母感到自豪。
3. 代词 + 现在分词:表示条件或原因。
例如:- 你既然已经完成作业,就可以去玩了。
- 她一直工作到很晚,她是个勤奋的人。
4. 代词 + 过去分词:表示结果或状态。
例如:- 你们回报的消息让我惊讶不已。
- 感谢大家的帮助,我们取得了很好的成绩。
二、独立主格的例子和解析以下是一些具体的例子,以帮助大家更好地理解独立主格的用法和构造。
1. The children finished their homework, their faces beaming with joy.在这个例子中,独立主格结构 "their faces beaming with joy" 表示结果,表示孩子们完成作业的结果是他们脸上洋溢着喜悦的表情。
2. The teacher explained the grammar rules, her voice filled with enthusiasm.在这个例子中,独立主格结构 "her voice filled with enthusiasm" 表示状态,表示老师解释语法规则时声音充满了热情。
英语独立主格结构用法全解
英语独立主格结构用法全解英语独立主格结构指的是一个句子中的名词短语或代词短语作为一个独立的成分,与句子的主语和谓语构成独立的语法结构。
它通常出现在句子的开头或结尾,用于表达额外的信息、修饰句子的主语或谓语,或者起到转折、并列等作用。
1.独立主格结构用作状语独立主格结构可以用作时间、地点、原因、方式等的状语,用来描述动作的背景或条件。
例如:- The weather being sunny, we decided to go for a picnic.(天气晴朗,我们决定去野餐。
)- Him being absent, we had to cancel the meeting.(他没有出席,我们不得不取消会议。
)- The car having broken down, we had to walk home.(汽车坏了,我们不得不走回家。
)2.独立主格结构用作主语补足语独立主格结构可以用来补充或说明句子的主语,给予主语更多的信息。
例如:- The sun shining brightly made everyone happy.(阳光明媚使每个人都开心。
)- Her parents' disapproval being obvious, she had no choice but to change her major.(她父母的不同意显而易见,她别无选择,只能换专业。
)- Your decision to quit the job in such a situation seems unwise.(在这种情况下,你决定辞职似乎不明智。
)3.独立主格结构用作动词补足语独立主格结构可以用来补充或说明句子的谓语动词,给予动词更多的意义和内容。
例如:- He stood there, hands in pockets, waiting for the bus.(他站在那儿,双手插在口袋里,等公交车。
独立主格结构完整讲解(最新)
独立主格结构完整讲解(最新)独立主格结构是英语语法中的一种特殊句式,它具有独特的结构和表达功能。
独立主格结构由两部分组成:一是独立主格部分,包括一个名词(或代词)和它的形容词、分词或介词短语等修饰语;二是主句部分。
独立主格结构在句子中具有状语的功能,可以表示时间、原因、条件、伴随状况等。
本文将从以下几个方面对独立主格结构进行详细讲解。
一、独立主格结构的构成独立主格结构由两部分组成:独立主格部分和主句部分。
独立主格部分包括一个名词(或代词)和它的修饰语,主要有以下几种形式:1. 名词(或代词)+ 分词例如:The meeting over, we all left the room.会议结束后,我们都离开了房间。
2. 名词(或代词)+ 形容词例如:Weather permitting, we'll go to the park.如果天气允许,我们将去公园。
3. 名词(或代词)+ 介词短语例如:With the teacher's help, I improved my English.在老师的帮助下,我的英语取得了进步。
4. 名词(或代词)+ 副词例如:The students present, the teacher started the lecture.学生们都在场,老师开始了讲座。
二、独立主格结构的功能独立主格结构在句子中具有状语的功能,可以表示时间、原因、条件、伴随状况等。
以下是独立主格结构在不同情境下的应用:1. 表示时间例如:Spring coming, the trees begin to turn green.春天到来,树木开始变绿。
2. 表示原因例如:The game canceled, the fans were very disappointed.比赛取消,球迷们非常失望。
3. 表示条件例如:Weather permitting, we'll have a picnic this weekend.如果天气允许,这个周末我们将去野餐。
独立主格知识点总结
独立主格知识点总结用法:独立主格结构可以用来表达一个动作同时或者在另一个动作发生时同时进行,它常以“with”、“while”、“upon”、“on”、“for”等介词引导。
例如,“With a smile on her face, she waved goodbye to her friends.”(她面带微笑,向朋友挥手告别。
)形式:独立主格结构的形式为“名词或代词 + 动词-ing形式”,其中名词或代词通常是动词-ing形式所描述的动作的执行者。
例如,“He saw her sitting at the table, reading a book.”(他看见她坐在桌子旁读书。
)例句:1. With a loud noise, the car stopped suddenly.(车发出巨大的声响,突然停下了。
)2. While studying for the exam, she fell asleep at her desk.(她在为考试而学习时,在书桌上睡着了。
)3. Upon hearing the news, she burst into tears.(一听到这个消息,她就哭了。
)4. Forgetting his keys, he had to wait outside the door for half an hour.(忘了钥匙,他不得不在门外等了半个小时。
)常见错误:在使用独立主格结构时,有一些常见的错误需要避免。
其中一个常见的错误是使用错误的介词或者遗漏介词。
“I saw him walking to the store.”这个句子中,“walking to the store”应该修饰“him”,所以应该用介词。
另一个常见的错误是动词形式的错误。
“Wit h the sun shining brightly, we decided to go fora picnic.”这个句子中,“shining”是一个动词-ing形式,用来修饰“sun”,表示“太阳正照耀”。
初中英语独立主格的语法
初中英语独立主格的语法关于初中英语独立主格的语法大全【—独立主格的】下面是老师为同学们带来的独立主格结构的构成及其结构的特点介绍。
10.1 独立主格(一):独立主格结构的构成:名词(代词)+现在分词、过去分词;名词(代词)+形容词;名词(代词)+副词;名词(代词)+不定式;名词(代词) +介词短语构成。
(二)独立主格结构的特点:1)独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同,它独立存在。
2)名词或代词与后面的分词,形容词,副词,不定式,介词等是主谓关系。
3)独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。
举例:The test finished, we began our holiday.= When the test was finished, we began our holiday.考试结束了,我们开始放假。
The president assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.= After the president was assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.总统被谋杀了,举国上下沉浸在悲哀之中。
Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow.如果天气允许,我们明天去看你。
This done, we went home.工作完成后,我们才回家。
The meeting gone over, everyone tired to go home earlier.会议结束后,每个人都想早点回家。
He came into the room, his ears red with cold.他回到了房子里,耳朵冻坏了。
He came out of the library, a large book under his arm.他夹着本厚书,走出了图书馆上述关于对独立主格结构的结构介绍,希望对同学们学习上有帮助。
(完整版)独立主格结构完整讲解
(完整版)独立主格结构完整讲解独立主格结构的用法一、独立主格结构的概念独立主格结构(Absolute Structure)是由名词或代词加上分词等构成的一种独立结构,用于修饰整个句子。
独立主格结构中的名词或代词与其后的分词等构成逻辑上的主谓关系。
这种结构与主句不发生句法上的联系,它的位置相当灵活,可置于主句前、主句末或主句中,常由逗号将其与主句分开。
在句中作状语,相当于一个状语从句。
需特别注意的是,独立主格结构与主句之间不能使用任何连接词。
二、独立主格结构基本构成形式名词(代词)+现在分词;过去分词;形容词;副词;不定式;名词;介词短语)1. 名词(代词)+现在分词例句:The storm drawing near,the navvy decided to call it a day.The storm drawing near在句中作:原因状语=Since the storm was drawing near,the navvy decided to call it a day.由于暴风雨即将来临,那个挖土小工决定收工。
(call it a day 今天到此为止)例句:Winter coming, it gets colder and colder.Winter coming在句中作:伴随状语= The winter comes, and it gets colder and colder.冬天来了,天气越来越冷了。
造句:时间允许的话,我就和你一起走。
Time permitting, I will go with you. 独立主格作:条件状语=改写:If time permits, I will go with you.造句:那个姑娘望着他,他不知道说什么好。
The girl staring at him, he didn’t know what to say.独立主格作:时间状语=改写:As the girl stared at him, he didn’t know what to say.2. 名词(代词)+过去分词例句:He was listening attentively in class, his eyes fixed on the blackboard.他上课专心听讲,眼睛紧盯着黑板。
独立主格用法详解
独立主格用法详解一、独立主格结构的特点独立主格结构是一个名词或代词(作为逻辑主语),加上一个形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、不定式等在句中作状语。
它有以下三个特点:(1) 独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同,它独立存在。
(2) 名词或代词与后面的形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、不定式等存在逻辑上的主谓关系。
(3) 独立主格结构一般用逗号与主句分开,但与主句之间不能使用任何连接词。
二、独立主格结构的形式英语中,独立主格结构的形式是:名词或代词跟形容词、副词、介词短语、非谓语动词连在一起,构成独立主格结构。
1.名词/ 代词+ 不定式。
如:A house to be built, we must save every cent. 由于要建一座房子,我们必须节省每一分钱。
Now here is Li Lei, Wei Fang to come tomorrow. 现在李蕾来了,魏方明天到。
2.名词/ 代词+ -ing分词。
如:The bus coming here soon, we should get everything ready. 汽车很快就要来了,我们应该把一切事情准备好。
Mother being ill, Li Lei was very worried. 母亲病了,李蕾非常焦急。
3.名词/ 代词+ 动词的过去分词。
如:His cup broken, he used his bowl instead. 茶杯破了,他就用碗来代替。
4.名词/ 代词+ 形容词。
如:The ground muddy, we should be careful. 地面泞泥,我们应该小心。
5.名词/ 代词+ 副词。
如:The class over, we all went out to play. 下课后,我们都出去玩。
6.名词/ 代词+ 介词短语。
如(from ):Glasses in his hand, he asked where his glasses were. 手里拿着眼镜,他问他的眼镜哪去了。
独立主格结构完整讲解
独立主格结构完整讲解独立主格结构是一种常见的句法结构,它通常由一个名词或代词加上一个动词的ing形式构成,用于描述一个与主句主语相关但又相对独立的动作或状态。
独立主格结构的语法特点和用法比较灵活,可以在句子中作为插入语、原因状语、时间状语、让步状语等,用于增加语境的丰富性和句子结构的多样性。
1.独立主格结构作为插入语:- The car crashed into a tree, the driver texting on his phone.(这辆车撞到了一棵树上,司机正在用手机发短信。
)- We walked in the park, the birds chirping in the trees.(我们在公园里散步,树上的鸟儿在叽叽喳喳地唱着。
)2.独立主格结构作为原因状语:- My car broke down on the way to work, me being careless with maintenance.(在去上班的路上,我的车抛锚了,这是因为我对保养不够细心。
) - He missed his flight, him oversleeping this morning.(他错过了飞机,因为他今天早上睡过头了。
)3.独立主格结构作为时间状语:- I spent the whole day in the library, my friends hanging out at the beach.(我整天都呆在图书馆,好朋友们都在海滩玩。
)(她连续加班数周,她的同事休产假了。
)4.独立主格结构作为让步状语:- Despite the rain, the kids played outside, their parents not minding the wet clothes.(尽管下着雨,孩子们还是在外面玩,他们的父母并不介意弄湿衣服。
)- For all his efforts, he still failed the exam, him not studying hard enough.(尽管付出了努力,他还是考试不及格,因为没有学习足够努力。
独立主格结构完整讲解
独立主格结构完整讲解独立主格作:方式状语While he was XXX in class。
his eyes were fixed on the blackboard.例句:The job finished。
he felt a sense of relief.工作完成后,他感到一种解脱感。
独立主格作:原因状语After the job was finished。
he felt a sense of relief.造句:她看到他走进房间,心情变得很好。
Seeing him walk into the room。
she felt much better.独立主格作:原因状语Because she saw him walk into the room。
she felt much better.三、常见的独立主格结构1.时间状语:time permitting,when he was young,afterthe war,before long,at present,nowadays,in the past,in the future等。
2.原因状语:the job finished,the book read,the work done,the n made,the problem solved等。
3.条件状语:weather permitting,time allowing,XXX等。
4.方式状语:eyes fixed,hands folded,mouth open,head down等。
5.伴随状语:the sun shining,the XXX,XXX falling等。
6.比较状语:the same being true of,the XXX等。
7.让步状语:his leg being broken,XXX bad等。
独立主格结构是一种灵活的修饰方式,可以在句子中起到多种不同的作用。
需要注意的是,独立主格结构与主句之间不能使用任何连接词,这是其与其他句子成分的主要区别。
独立主格结构的全面讲解
独立主格结构的全面讲解独立主格:非谓语动词带有自己的逻辑主语,在句中作状语,被称为独立主格结构1,逻辑主语+现在分词Time permitting,we will discuss more questions. 如果时间允许的话,我们将讨论更多的问题。
2,逻辑主语+过去分词The bag lost ,he had no money now. 由于书包丢了,他现在没有钱了。
3,逻辑主语+不定式Lots of homework to do ,I must do it now. 由于很多家庭作业要做,我现在必须做到。
4,其他形式的独立主格结构:1,逻辑主语+名词Many children are reading here ,most of them Chinese. 许多还在这里读书,大多数都是中国人。
2,逻辑主语+形容词:He reads books here ,his hands big and fat. 他在这里读书,他的手大而且胖。
3,逻辑主语+副词He pulled on his coat ,wrong side out. 他穿上他的外套,结果穿反了。
4,逻辑主语+介词短语He sat there ,his eyes on her back. 他坐在那里,眼睛望着她的背影。
With,without+复合宾语的结构1,With the coat wet,you can't wear it.由于外套是湿的,你不能穿它。
2,Without his mother out ,you can't come here. 由于他的母亲在家,你不能来这里。
3,The wall will be more beautiful with many pictures on it. 有了许多图片,这个墙更加的美丽。
4,With the teacher to teach ,you will find the best method. 由于这个老师的教育,你将会找到最好的方法。
独立主格结构常见类型及其用法
独立主格结构常见类型及其用法独立主格结构是由一个相当于主语的名词或代词加上非谓语动词、形容词(副)词、或介词短语构成的一种独立成分。
该结构不是句子,也不是从句,所以它内部的动词不能考虑其时态、人称和数的变化,它与其主句之间既不能通过并列连词连接也不能有从句引导词引导,常用逗号与其主句隔开。
独立主格结构在很多情况下可以转化为相应的状语从句或其他状语形式,但很多时候不能转化为分词形式,因为它内部动词的逻辑主语与主句主语不一致。
在做这类题目时一定要小心判断,不能粗心大意。
一、独立主格结构的构成形式1、逻辑主语+V-ing这种构成形式内部的逻辑主语是分词的动作执行者,分词表示的动作不是整句主语发出的动作,而是其逻辑主语发出的动作。
如:1.__________no bus, we had to walk home.A.There beingB.BeingC.Having beenD.There was2._______no bus, we had to walk home.A.As there beingB.As there wasC.BeingD.There was3._______Sunday, the library doesn't open.A.BeingB.There beingC.It beingD.Having been4.______Sunday, the library doesn't open.A.As it beingB.BeingC.It isD.As it is2、逻辑主语+V-ed该构成形式内部的逻辑主语是分词的动作承受者。
如:1._________, the train started.A.The signal givenB.Giving the signal B.The signal being given D.The signal giving2.__________, the train started.A.After having given the signalB.After the signal givenC.Giving the signalD.After the signal was given3._________, the text became easier for us to learn.A.Explaining new wordsB.New words explainedC.Being explained new wordsD.Having explained new words4.______________, the text became easier for us to learn.A. When new words were explainedB.Explaining new wordsC.New words explainingD.Being explained new words3、逻辑主语+形容词(副词)该结构相当于一个未带动词的“主—系—表”结构。
初中英语-独立主格
3.1 随堂小测
选择正确的单词填入空格中
1. all things __________,the plan trip will have to be called off. a.be considered b.considered c.considering d.having considering 2. with a light __________, he is still working in the office. a. burning b. burnt c. to burn d. to be burnt 3. ____, the hunter went into the forest. A. A gun on shoulder B. A gun was on his shoulder C. Gun on shoulder D. A gun being on shoulder 注:此题还可以如下表述: With a gun on shoulder,the hunter went into the forest
3.2 随堂小测
请将以下小句改写为独立主格构成的从句
1. The murder was brought in The murder’s hands were tied behind his back 答案:The murder was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back
2. If weather permits,we'll go out for a walk. 答案:Weather permitting, we'll go out for a walk.
2. 独立主格例句讲解
① The test finished, we began our holiday. = When the test was finished, we began our holiday. 考试结束了,我们开始放假。 ② He came into the rห้องสมุดไป่ตู้om, his ears red with cold. = He came into the room, and his ears were red with cold. 他回到了房子里,耳朵冻坏了。 ③ The lights off, we could not go on with the work. = Since the lights were off,we could not go on with the work. 灯熄了,我们不能继续工作了。
独立主格结构用法归纳
独立主格结构用法归纳独立主格结构是英语语法中的一种特殊结构,它由一个名词(或代词)和一个动词的动名词形式构成,常常用来表达并列、原因、条件、时间等关系,使句子更加丰富和灵活。
本文将归纳总结独立主格结构的常见用法。
1. 表示时间关系独立主格结构可以用来表示几个动作同时进行或先后发生的时间关系。
例如:- The sun having set, we decided to have dinner.- The meeting being over, she left the room.2. 表示原因或理由独立主格结构可以用来表达一个行为或状态的原因或理由。
例如:- The weather being fine, we decided to go for a picnic.- The book being interesting, I couldn't put it down.3. 表示条件关系独立主格结构常用来表示一个条件或假设,进一步说明主句中的动作。
例如:- The work being finished, we can go home now.- The road being icy, drivers should be careful.4. 表示逻辑关系独立主格结构还可以用来表达一个逻辑关系,使句子的意思更加明确。
例如:- The problem being solved, we can move on to the next task.- The question being raised, we need to find a solution.5. 表示让步关系独立主格结构有时可以表达一个让步关系,表示尽管存在某种情况,但结果仍然如此。
例如:- The car being old, it still runs very smoothly.- The child being young, he could solve the math problem.需要注意的是,独立主格结构通常放在句首,与主句之间用逗号或破折号隔开。
英语中的独立主格结构归纳
英语中的独立主格结构归纳非谓语动词作状语时,它的逻辑主语应该是句子的主语。
但有时非谓语动词带有自己的主语,从而在结构上与主语不发生关系,我们称之为独立主格结构(Absolute Construction)。
其实,所谓“独立主格结构”也并非真正独立,它还是一种从属的结构。
一、非谓语动词独立主格结构在独立主格结构中,非谓语动词和它前面的名词或代词存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。
Such an able man to help you,you will surely succeed sooner or later.有这么能干的人来帮你, 你迟早一定会成功的。
(such an able man和to help you 之间存在着主谓关系)= Since such an able man will help you, you will surely succeed sooner or later.He seating himself at the desk, his mother began to tell him a story.他在书桌旁坐好后,他母亲开始给他讲故事。
(seating himself at the desk拥有了自己的逻辑主语he,注意是“主格”)= When he seated himself at the desk, his mother began to tell him a story.The key to the bike lost, he had to walk to school.由于丢了自行车钥匙,他只好步行去学校。
(lost 的逻辑主语是the key,lost 也可以用完成式having been lost)= Because the key to the bike had been lost, he had to walk to school.A.不定式“独立主格结构”在“逻辑主语+动词不定式”结构中,动词不定式和它前面的名词或代词存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。
独立主格结构详细讲解
独立主格结构详细讲解独立主格一、独立主格结构的含义和实质独立主格结构”(absolute n)是一种带有自己主语的非谓语动词分句或无动词分句。
由于在语法上有自己的逻辑主语,结构上与主句不发生关系,因此传统语法称之为“独立主格结构”。
实际上,它是一种从属分句,与主句紧密联系在一起,通常在句中起状语分句的作用。
独立主格结构可放于句首、句尾,用逗号和主句隔开。
二、独立主格结构的基本形式和功能独立主格结构由名词或代词和非谓语动词分句(现在分词、过去分词、不定式)或无动词分句(名词、形容词、副词、介词短语)组成,表示前面名词或代词的动作或状态。
基本形式为:名词普通格/代词主格+现在分词/过去分词/不定式/名词/形容词/副词/介词短语,with引导的复合结构。
1.名词/代词+现在分词现在分词表示前面的名词或代词主动进行的动作或状态等。
例如:The man lay there。
his hands trembling。
So many students being absent。
the meeting had to be put off。
His homework done。
Tom went to sleep.注:“独立结构”中的being或havingbeen有时可以省去,这样就成了无动词分句或过去分词分句。
2.名词/代词+过去分词过去分词表示前面的名词或代词被动完成的动作或所处的一种状态。
例如:The boy lay on his back。
his hands crossed under his head。
The job not finished。
we couldn’t see the film。
Her shirt caught on a nail。
she could not move.后面两个句子也可以看成省略掉了havingbeen,being。
如果加上,这两个句子就又变成了现在分词分句。
3.名词/代词+不定式不定式表示将来的动作。
英语语法讲解----独立主格结构(“结构”相关文档)共10张
1. His mother being ill, he had to stay home to look after her.
2. Other things being equal, I would buy the black dress.
主格名词/代词 + 副词
The meeting being over, our headmaster soon left
with复合结构 与 独立主格结构
它们都可以在句中作原因状语、伴随状况状语、条件状
语、时间状语或结果状语用,一般也可以相互转换。 虽然它们的语法功能和意义相同,但其结构形式和 名称却不相同。
with复合结构的模式是:
with+名词/代词+分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语
独立主格结构的模式是:
主格名词/代词+分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语
enter the room.
= The key having been lost, she could not enter the room.
三、作条件状语
1、With time permitting, we’ll visit the Summer Palace. = Time permitting, we’ll visit the Summer Palace.
1、With the weather terribly cold, we entered the = The car going wrong, we’ll have to stop at the foot room to warm ourselves. at the foot of the mountain. enter the room. Our English teacher came into the classroom, papers in hand. 主格名词/代词 + 不定式 主格名词/代词 + 副词 2、With the car going wrong, we’ll have to stop Our English teacher came into the classroom, papers in hand. 2、With the key having been lost, she could not The meeting being over, our headmaster soon left = Soon she arrived at a park whose grass was green = Time permitting, we’ll visit the Summer Palace. 1、With time permitting, we’ll visit the Summer Palace. away from home.
中考英语语法独立主格
中考英语语法独立主格中考英语语法独立主格独立主格结构是由名词或代词作为逻辑主语,加上分词、形容词、副词、动词不定式或介词短语作为逻辑谓语构成。
下面是给大家带来的中考语法独立主格,欢迎大家阅读参考,我们一起来看看吧!初中英语知识点:独立主格With的复合结构作独立主格它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成,复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语,复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当,第二部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当,分词可以是现在分词,也可以是过去分词。
With结构构成方式如下:1. with或without-名词/代词+形容词;例句:He is used to sleeping with the windows open.2. with或without-名词/代词+副词;例句:She left the room with all the lights on.3. with或without-名词/代词+介词短语;例句:He walked into the dark street with a stick in his hand.4. with或without-名词/代词+动词不定式;例句:With so much work to do, I have no time for a holiday.5. with或without-名词/代词+分词。
例句:We found the house easily with the little boy leading the way.(现在分词表示主动动作,即分词所表示的动作是由with后的宾语发出来的)With all the things she needed bought, she went home happily.(过去分词表示被动,with后面的宾语与过去分词之间是被动关系)6. without+名词/代词+补语例句:Possibly this person died withont anyone knowing where the coins were hidden.He wondered if he could slide out of the lecture hall without anyonenoticing (him).7. with+不定式和+分词的区别加不定式是指将要进行的动作,加分词是指主动或被动动作。
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独立主格结构讲解归纳大全
1. 名词(代词)+ 现在分词
The clock striking twelve, I went to bed. (表原因)
These women having produced works of the highest quality, any survey of the 19th century English literature must include them. (表原因)
2. 名词(代词)+ 过去分词
He lay there on his back, his teeth set, his right hand clenched on his breast. (表伴随)
Enough time given, she will surely do the job better. (表条件)
3. 名词(代词)+ 不定式
Here are the first three volumes, the fourth one to come out next month. (表伴随)
He proposed a picnic, he himself to pay for the railway tickets and John to provide the food. (表方式)
4. 名词(代词)+ 形容词短语
Her face pale with anger, she rose to go away. (表原因)
I saw a deep pond, the water blue like the sky. (表结果)
5. 名词(代词)+ 介词短语
Then, last night, I followed him here and climbed in, sword in hand. (表方式)
Child in arms, a few women stood there chatting. (表方式)
6. 名词(代词)+ 副词短语
Summer over, the students returned to school. (表原因)
7. 名词(代词)+ 名词短语
His first shot a failure, Tom fired again. (表原因)
8. with复合结构
“with复合结构”也是独立主格结构的一种,同样十分重要。
在句中表示“原因,结果,伴随,方式”等情况。
现把“with复合结构”的各种情况作一总结。
(1) with + 宾语 + 形容词
The children were listening to the teacher with their eyes wide open. (表伴随)
(2) with + 宾语 + 介词短语
The old man used to take a walk with a stick in his hand. (表方式)
(3) with + 宾语 + 副词
The proud girl walked away with her head up. (表方式)
(4) with + 宾语 + 现在分词
Mary felt very shy with so many eyes looking at her. (表原因)
(5) with + 宾语 + 过去分词
If you sit looking away from a person, or with your back turned, you are saying you are not interested in that person. (表方式)
(6) with + 宾语 + 不定式
With too much work to do the next day, he felt anxious and didn’t sleep well. (表原因)
一般说来,with 复合结构放在句末多表示伴随状况;若放在句首,则多表示“原因”或“条件”,例如:
With her mother away from home, the little girl felt lonely. 由于她妈妈不在家,这个女孩感到很孤单。
With the guide leading the way, I had no difficulty finding their village. 因为向导带路,我没怎么费事就找到了他们的村子。
【特别提示】从上面的各种例句中可以看出,独立主格结构本身不是一个完整的句子,它实际上是一个含有逻辑主语的某种短语,用来修饰其它一个句子的。
1. 独立主格结构的转换
独立主格结构可以根据其语法作用,进行句式转换。
例如:The clock striking twelve, I went to bed.
①转换为状语从句:When the clock was striking twelve, I went to bed.
②也可以转换成一个并列句:The clock stuck twelve and I went to bed.
2. 独立主格结构与冠词
在“名词+ 介词短语”独立主格结构中,如果逻辑主语和介词短语中的名词都是可数名词单数,这些名词前不要用冠词,目的为了更加简练。
He was standing over there, pipe in mouth.
Flag on shoulder, the soldier rushed to the top of the building.
但若与with连用,名词前则要加冠词或物主代词。
如:
Then, last night, I followed him here and climbed in, with a sword in his hand.
3. 独立主格结构中being 的省略
在下列句子中,being 可以省略,若不省略,则是现在分词短语。
Summer (being) over, the students returned to school.
His first shot (being) a failure, Tom fired again.
Her face (being) pale with anger, she rose to go away.。