天津大学考博英语必备语法解析

天津大学考博英语必备语法解析

简单句之所以简单是因为成分单一便于读者理解。而四级阅读理解中，出题人为增加阅读难度，就会把几个谓语动词放在一个句子当中。但是无论局势如何变化，英语句子本身就犹如一棵大树，只能有一个主干起支撑作用，其他起辅助作用。

解决方法：遇到多个谓语动词连用情况要分清主句谓语动词和从句的谓语动词。剔除细枝末节之后，句子也就好理解了。例如：

Scratchy throats,stuffy noses and body aches all spell misery, but being able to tell if the cause is a cold or flu(流感)may make a difference in how long the misery lasts.(2005.1).

解析：此句是由but引导的并列句。前面一句话容易理解，谓语动词是spell,关键看后一句话。but引导的句子黑体下划线是主语，该句子真正谓语动词是may make，如下面所示：

but being able to tell if the cause is a cold or flu(流感)may make a difference in how long the misery lasts.

翻译：喉咙发痒、鼻塞、浑身酸痛都令人痛苦，但是能够确定造成这种痛苦的根源是普通感冒还是流感，对这种痛苦能折磨你多就会起关键作用。

举例作为插入语(显著词such as;for example;including etc.).

插入语主要起补充或说明的作用，我们在进行快速阅读的时候通常会把它省略，即忽略不看。但是，笔者在这里要提出的一点是，如果根据文章问题回原文定位句子时，如果定位的关键句子包含了以上插入语中的任何一种形式，则答案往往就在此处。例如：

（PS:The way to contact yumingkaobo TEL:si ling ling-liu liu ba-liu jiu qi ba QQ:772678537)原文：Finally,other people may give us instrumental support—financial aid,material resources,and needed services—that reduces stress by helping us resolve and cope with our problems.

考题：Helping a sick neighbor with some repair work is an example of.

A.instrumental support

rmational support.

C.social companionship

D.the strengthening of self-respect.

(1)Cold symptoms such as stuffy nose,runny nose and scratchy throat typically develop gradually,and adults and teens often do not get a fever.(2005.1).

翻译：普通感冒患者的一些典型症状，如鼻塞、流鼻涕、喉咙发痒，发

作比较缓慢，成人和青少年患者一般不会有发热症状。

(2)And in general,flu symptoms including fever and chills,sore throat and body aches come on suddenly and are more severe than cold symptoms.(2005.1).

翻译：一般来说，流感症状包括发烧、发冷、喉咙发痒、浑身疼痛，比普通感冒的症状来得突然和猛烈。

注意：举例有时可以换成短语，如介词短语、不定式短语等等;还可以换成有两个破折号引起的插入语成分。例如：

It is37years later.Stokoe—now devoting his time to writing and editing books and jounals and to producing video materials on ASL and deaf culture—is having lunch at a cafénear the Gallaudet campus and explaining how he started a revolution.(2004.6)时间过了37年。现在Stoloe致力于撰写和编辑关于美国手语和聋哑人文化的书籍和杂志，以及制作相关的录像材料。

并列句连用使得句子变长(主谓宾都可以并列)

并列句是四级阅读理解中的主要句式。出题人会把几个成分相同的并列句子，通过剔除多余成分从而使其合并为一个很长的句子解决方法：破解这样句子的关键是要弄清楚两个句子的逻辑关系，补全成分后重新还原为几个单独的句子即可。例如：

To make matters worse for the government,it soon emerged that the Princess’s trip had been approved by the Foreign Office,and that she was in fact very well-informed about both the situation in Angola and the British government’s policy regarding landmines.(2004.6).

翻译：对政府来说，更糟糕的是，不久得知的消息是，王妃的安哥拉之行得到过外事办的批准，并且她事实上非常了解安哥拉的形势和英国政府关于地雷的政策。

相当于拆分成三个句子：

(1)To make matters worse for the government.

(2)It soon emerged that the Princess’s trip had been approved by the Foreign Office.

(3)It soon emerged that she was in fact very well-informed about both the situation in Angola and the British government’s policy regarding landmines.

本文由“育明考博”整理编辑