上海高考英语新题型之概要写作(Summary)资料讲解
【9A文】上海高考Summary如何写
SummarR如何写（I）说明文的summarR我们以上海英语高二课本中的一篇文章为例TheProblemofPackaging第一段Alargesourceofrubbishispackagingmaterial.Itoftenmakesupmorethan30percentofth etotal.TounderstandwhRthisistrue,thinkofthepackagingcommonlRusedforasimpleprod uct,suchastoothpaste.ThepackagingincludesnotonlRthetubeforthetoothpaste,butalsothe boRforthetube.ThisboRisputintoaplasticwrapper.Then,theboResaretransportedinacard boardcontainer.第二段MostpackagingmaterialendsupinalandfillafteritisthrownawaR.ThoughnecessarR,la ndfillstakeupvaluablespace,oftenstink,ndfi llsnotincluded,theproductionofpackagingmaterialitselfisamajorsourceofairandwaterpol lution.第三段PeoplearenowtrRingtosolvetheproblemscausedbRpackagingmaterials.In1991,Ger manRtooktheleadbRrequiringcompaniestorecRclethepackagingusedfortheirgoods.Tod othis,thecompaniessetuprecRclingbinsineverRneighborhood.Consumersnowseparateth eirrubbishintothreecategories—metal,plasticandpapercartons.TheRthenputitintotheapp ropriatebin.Therubbishsorted,itistransportedtoarecRclingcompanRforprocessing.第四段Theprogrammeworkedwellatfirst.However,theamountofrubbishhasbeguntoincrease again.OnereasonforthisisthatmanRconsumersnolongerreducewastebecausetheRthinkth eproblemissolved.ItseemsthattoproperlRdealwiththeproblemofrubbish,everRonemustr emainvigilantanddotheirpart.我们先来把每段的大意理一下：第一段的中心应该就是讲Alargesourceofrubbishispackagingmaterial.Itoftenmakesupmorethan30percentofthetot al.后面的牙膏的情况只是举例说明咯。
(完整版)上海高考Summary如何写
Summary如何写（I）说明文的summary我们以上海英语高二课本中的一篇文章为例The Problem of Packaging第一段A large source of rubbish is packaging material。
It often makes up more than 30 percent of the total. To understand why this is true, think of the packaging commonly used for a simple product, such as toothpaste。
The packaging includes not only the tube for the toothpaste， but also the box for the tube。
This box is put into a plastic wrapper。
Then, the boxes are transported in a cardboard container.第二段Most packaging material ends up in a landfill after it is thrown away. Though necessary， landfills take up valuable space, often stink， and can leak harmful substances into the soil。
Landfills not included， the production of packaging material itself is a major source of air and water pollution.第三段People are now trying to solve the problems caused by packaging materials. In 1991，Germany took the lead by requiring companies to recycle the packaging used for their goods. To do this， the companies set up recycling bins in every neighborhood. Consumers now separate their rubbish into three categories—metal, plastic and paper cartons。
上海高考英语新题型之概要写作(Summary)
上海高考英语新题型之概要写作澄衷高级中学孙吉从2017年起，上海英语高考试卷的题型将面临许多调整，其中之一便是增加了概要写作（Summary writing），也有许多人将之称为“小作文”。
概要写作分值占据15分，考查的是考生阅读和写作的综合能力。
概要写作所给定的语篇一般在200-250字，内容丰富多样，包含故事、时政、科普等，体裁以记叙文、说明文为主，字数一般要求在50-60字，答案尽量符合“Key points of a summary”的要求。
一．正确认识概要写作1. Definition of summary writing（概要写作的定义）By summary, we mean a brief restatement, in your own words, of the content of a passage, an article, a chapter or a book.2. Key points of a summary（概要写作的要点）Conciseness（简要性）：Omit unnecessary details like examples, explanations and other unimportant information.Length: 1/4-1/3 of the original text.Completeness（完整性）：To include all the main and supporting points delivered in you own words in a condensed manner.Accuracy（准确性）：To give the same attention and stress to the points as the author does.Coherence（连贯性）：Rather than an outline listed as key words and phrases, a summary is a paragraph with necessary transitions and function structures to make it flow.Objectivity（客观性）：Do not include your own ideas or emotions on the topic. The summary should reflect the content of the original passage only.3. Steps to write a summary（概要写作的步骤）1）Skim the text to find out the general theme.2）Analyze the text’s structure to divide it into several sections, find out the main idea of each section and write it out briefly with your own words. (one sentence) 3）Write down the key supporting points for each main idea without involving minor details.4）Organize the main and related supporting points in a logical order with necessary transitions to achieve coherence.5）Proofread for grammatical, spelling and punctuation mistakes.4. Beginning of a summary（概要写作的开头）Begin your summary with:*The author’s name*The article’s or chapter’s name*The author’s thesis statement—a general overview(survey) of the article.The Body:First of all, the author describes……He then points out that……In addition, the author talks about……Finally, the author suggests……Some other introductory phrases:*(The author) states in (this article) that…*(The author), in (this article) shows that…*In (this article), (the author) writes that…*As (the author) says in (this article),…*The main idea of (the author’s article) is…*The author believes (holds; maintains; claims; argues; points out; suggests; proposes) that + clause…*The author talks about (explains; describes; reveals; discusses; focuses on) + n.二．记叙文概要写作要点点拨记叙文体的阅读材料，相比其他文体而言，写概要相对容易。
高中英语上海高考Summary如何写
Summary如何写（I）说明文的summary我们以上海英语高二课本中的一篇文章为例The Problem of Packaging第一段A large source of rubbish is packaging material. It often makes up more than 30 percent of the total. To understand why this is true, think of the packaging commonly used for a simple product, such as toothpaste. The packaging includes not only the tube for the toothpaste, but also the box for the tube. This box is put into a plastic wrapper. Then, the boxes are transported in a cardboard container.第二段Most packaging material ends up in a landfill after it is thrown away. Though necessary, landfills take up valuable space, often stink, and can leak harmful substances into the soil. Landfills not included, the production of packaging material itself is a major source of air and water pollution.第三段People are now trying to solve the problems caused by packaging materials. In 1991, Germany took the lead by requiring companies to recycle the packaging used for their goods. To do this, the companies set up recycling bins in every neighborhood. Consumers now separate their rubbish into three categories—metal, plastic and paper cartons. They then put it into the appropriate bin. The rubbish sorted, it is transported to are cycling company for processing.第四段The programme worked well at first. However, the amount of rubbish has begun to increase again. One reason for this is that many consumers no longer reduce waste because they think the problem is solved. It seems that to properly deal with the problem of rubbish, everyone must remain vigilant and do their part.我们先来把每段的大意理一下：第一段的中心应该就是讲 A large source of rubbish is packaging material. It often makes up more than 30 percent of the total. 后面的牙膏的情况只是举例说明咯。
【上海高考概要写作】summary writing1(有解析)
Exercise 1With only two weeks to go before Christmas, buying presents is a high priority for a lot of people. However, this year not so many people are leaving their homes to go shopping. These days lots of people can do their shopping in the comfort of their own home with the help of the Internet.Online shopping is becoming more and more popular for a number of reasons: prices are often lower online; you don’t have to queue up in busy shops and you can buy almost any product imaginable with just a few clicks of your mouse.Both male and female are buying into the trend, but women are expected to do more shopping on the Internet than men. It seems women are now more attracted to the convenience of online shopping than they used to be. Average spending online this Christmas by women will rise to £ 240 (3.360 yuan) compared to the slightly lower average of £ 233 (3,262 yuan) for men.In the past a lot of people were reluctant to shop online. Many were worried about the security of entering their card details on the Internet and the reliability of the Internet but as shopping online has become more widespread, these worries have begun to disappear. 45% of Internet users still do have security worries but it hasn’t slowed down the ever-increasing numbers of online shoppers.One victim of the online shopping boom is the UK high street. The average spending per person on the high street is only £197. 70% of Internet users who are now buying their Christmas gifts online.参考范文：This year, people are doing Christmas shopping online at home rather than leave their homes for cheaper goods and more convenience.(要点1) With increasing popularity of online shopping, women spend more than men.(要点2) Although safety is a major concern for shopping online,still more and more people choose to shop online.(要点3) With the pressure from widespread online shopping, traditional shops in the UK high street began their sales promotion earlier this Christmas.(要点4)分析过程：一、试题详解1.核心内容本文是一篇说明文,共分五段。
上海高中英语summary
上海高中英语summary
1. 抓住主旨，summary的目的在于概括文章或演讲的主要内容，因此学生需要准确把握文章的中心思想，理清文章的逻辑结构，避
免在summary中出现次要信息或者篇幅过长的内容。
2. 简明扼要，summary要求言之简洁，言之有物。
学生需要用
简洁明了的语言对所理解的内容进行概括，避免出现冗长的叙述或
者不必要的细节。
3. 语言准确，summary要求学生在表达上要准确无误，避免使
用原文中的具体词语和句式，而是要用自己的语言进行转述，同时
要注意使用恰当的连接词和过渡词，使得summary的表达更加流畅
自然。
4. 逻辑清晰，summary要求学生的表达要有条理，内容之间要
有逻辑关联，避免出现跳跃或者不连贯的情况，可以通过时间顺序、因果关系、对比等手段来组织summary的内容。
总的来说，上海高中英语summary是对学生综合语言能力的考验，要求学生在阅读理解、语言表达、逻辑思维等方面都有较高水
平。
学生在平时的学习中需要多读多练，提高自己的语言功底和综合运用能力，才能在summary中游刃有余地进行表达。
【上海高考概要写作】summary writing2(10篇,有解析)
Exercise 1Water is very important for living things. Without water there can be no life on the earth. All animals and plants need water. Man also needs water. Almost everyone knows that water covers three- fourths of the earth5s surface. Most of it, however, is in the oceans and is too salty to drink. Also, some of it is frozen and cannot be used. In fact, less than one percent is left for the use of people, animals and plant life.All through history men have tried to build their homes near the sources of fresh water. Now fresh water is becoming scarce, but more and more is needed because of the increasing number of people in the world. Some industries also use large amounts of fresh water in the production of things such as steel, petrol, paper, rubber and so on.Meanwhile, water problem is becoming more serious and more complex. Our increasing population tremendously increases urban wastes, primarily polluted water. On the other hand, increasing demands for water will decrease substantially the amount of water available for diluting(稀释）wastes. Rapidly expanding industries which involve more and more complex chemical processes will produce larger volume of liquid wastes, and many of these will contain chemicals which are poisonous. To feed our rapidly expanding population, agriculture will have to be intensified. This will involve ever-increasing quantities of agricultural chemicals. Scientists estimate that the problem of water shortage will become severe. Thus it is apparent that effective steps must be taken immediately to develop corrective measures for the pollution problem and to find new ways of saving and producing fresh water as well. Some nations have worked on the problem and are already sharing their information with others. They are trying to keep their rivers from becoming polluted. Deep wells are also being dug, and rain water is being collected in huge artificial lakes. In one way or another, they hope to provide enough water to satisfy the needs of their people.参考范文：Water is essential for all the living things on the earth.(要点1) With the worldwide increase ofpopulation，more water is needed.(要点2) Meanwhile，water sources are getting polluted by poisonous chemical wastes produced by human beings in one way or another.(要点3) Thus measures are being taken to solve this problem, hoping to find better ways to save and produce water to meet the needs.分析过程1.核心内容本文是一篇说明文，全文分为四段。
上海高考英语新题型之概要写作(Summary)资料讲解
上海高考英语新题型之概要写作(Summar y)上海高考英语新题型之概要写作澄衷高级中学孙吉从2017 年起，上海英语高考试卷的题型将面临许多调整，其中之一便是增加了概要写作( Summary writing)，也有许多人将之称为“小作文”。
概要写作分值占据15 分，考查的是考生阅读和写作的综合能力。
概要写作所给定的语篇一般在200-250 字，内容丰富多样，包含故事、时政、科普等，体裁以记叙文、说明文为主，字数一般要求在50-60 字，答案尽量符合“Key points of a summary的要”求。
一．正确认识概要写作1.Definition of summary writing （概要写作的定义）By summary, we mean a brief restatement, in your own words, of the content of a passage, an article, a chapter or a book.2.Key points of a summary （概要写作的要点）Conciseness（简要性）：Omit unnecessary details like examples, explanations and other unimportant information.Length: 1/4-1/3 of the original text.Completeness（完整性）：To include all the main and supporting points delivered in you own words in a condensed manner.Accuracy （准确性）：To give the same attention and stress to the points as the author does.Coherence（连贯性）：Rather than an outline listed as key words and phrases, a summary is a paragraph with necessary transitions and function structures to make it flow.Objectivity （客观性）：Do not include your own ideas or emotions on the topic. The summary should reflect the content of the original passage only.3.Steps to write a summary （概要写作的步骤）1）Skim the text to find out the general theme.2）A nalyze the text 's structure to divide it into severioanl s,e fcitnd out the main idea of each section and write it out briefly with your own words. （one sentence）3）W rite down the key supporting points for each main idea without involving minor details.4）O rganize the main and related supporting points in a logical order with necessary transitions to achieve coherence.5）Proofread for grammatical, spelling and punctuation mistakes.4.Beginning of a summary （概要写作的开头）Begin your summary with: *The author ' s name *The article ' s or chapter 's name*The author 's thsetsaiste ment—a general overview（survey） of the article. The Body:First of all, the author describes ⋯⋯He then points out that ⋯⋯In addition, the author talks about ⋯⋯Finally , the author suggests ⋯⋯Some other introductory phrases: *(The author) states in (this article) that ⋯*(The author), in (this article) shows that ⋯*In (this article), (the author) writes that ⋯*As (the author) says in (this article), ⋯*The main idea of (the author ' s article) is ⋯*The author believes (holds; maintains; claims; argues; points out; suggests; proposes) that + clause⋯*The author talks about (explains; describes; reveals; discusses; focuses on) + n. 二．记叙文概要写作要点点拨记叙文体的阅读材料，相比其他文体而言，写概要相对容易。
【上海高考概要写作】summarywriting4（10篇,有解析）
【上海高考概要写作】summarywriting4（10篇,有解析）Exercise 1College pays off financially. A wide range of statistics shows the economic advantage of a four-year college education. Over a lifetime, students who graduate from college can expect to make about 60% more than those who do not, well over a million dollars more than they would otherwise. But what about the benefits of college that are more difficult to measure? They are equally significant and add up to a lot of value over the course of a lifetime：College takes students to places they’ve never been to before. College is a passport to different places, different times, and different ways of thinking —from learning new languages to considering the development of human history to diving deep into the building blocks of matter. It gives students a chance to understand themselves differently, seeing how their lives are both like and unlike those who populated other eras(时代)）and other lands.College introduces students to people they've never met before. One of the most important ways in which students learn, at colleges and universities everywhere, is by interacting with people who are different from themselves both inside and outside the classroom. Students learn more at a place full of engaging people with a wide range of viewpoints.In these ways and in so many others, college helps students see themselves differently, giving them the room and the license to imagine new possibilities. Yes, it opens opportunities reflected in earning and employment statistics. But, perhaps even more valuable, it opens minds and worlds in ways that are beyondmeasurement. The value of higher education is symbolized by people who dream bigger and achieve more, who create their own futures and shape their own futures.参考答案：According to statistics，college makes a great difference to students’ earning power,(要1) while it also contributes to other valuable aspects beyond assessment in life.(要点2) Firstly, college motivat es students’ self-realization through various learning activities.(要点3) Secondly, it shapes students’ diverse perspectives by encouraging them to communicate with differentpeople.(要点4) In short, not only does college provide financial opportunities，but it opens up new possibilities.(要点5) 分析过程：试题详解：1，核心内容——本文是一篇议论文，全文共分四段。
上海高考英语summary技巧
上海高考英语summary技巧一、背景介绍英语Summary作为高考英语写作的一个重要题型，对考生的综合语言能力和逻辑思维能力有很高的要求。
在Summary中，要求我们根据给定的文章，以自己的话精炼出原文的要点，并保持语言简洁、清晰，同时又要准确表达原文的意思。
下面将介绍几个在写Summary时能够提高准确性和规范性的技巧。
1.理解文章在写Summary之前，我们首先要仔细阅读并理解原文。
理解原文的思想和逻辑结构是做好Summary的基础。
因此，我们需要仔细分析原文的标题、首段和每个段落的主题句，并将这些关键信息提取出来。
2.掌握关键词汇在Summary中，关键词汇是非常重要的。
关键词汇可以帮助我们快速捕捉到原文的要点。
因此，在阅读原文的同时，我们要将一些关键词汇标记出来，便于后续写Summary时使用。
3.突出主旨要点写Summary的目的是概括原文的主旨要点，因此，在写作过程中我们要将这些主旨要点突出出来。
可以通过使用一些具体的表达方式（如使用特定的形容词或动词）来增强主旨要点的表达效果。
4.注意时态和语态在写Summary时，我们要注意将时态和语态保持一致。
如果原文中使用了过去时，我们在写Summary时也要使用过去时，不要混合使用。
5.语言简洁清晰在写Summary时，我们要力求语言简洁明了。
避免使用过多的修饰语和从句，使用简单的句子和词汇来表达主旨要点。
同时，要注意句子之间的逻辑关系，确保文章的结构清晰，逻辑通顺。
通过以上几个技巧，我们可以提高写Summary的准确性和规范性。
在准备高考英语时，我们可以多加练习，多积累一些常见的表达方式和关键词汇，以便在考试中能够更好地应对Summary题型。
相信只要我们努力去做，就能够在Summary题型中取得好成绩。
注：本文所提供的技巧仅供参考，请考生根据自身情况和实际需要加以灵活运用，以取得最佳效果。
上海高中summary练习题及讲解
上海高中summary练习题及讲解在准备上海高中的英语总结练习题时，可以设计一些练习，帮助学生提升他们的总结能力。
以下是一些练习题的例子，以及对如何解答这些题目的简要讲解。
练习题1：阅读以下段落，并总结其主要内容。
"The Great Gatsby, a novel by F. Scott Fitzgerald, is set in the 1920s and explores themes of wealth, love, and the American Dream. The story is narrated by Nick Carraway, who becomes entangled in the complex lives of his neighbors, Tom and Daisy Buchanan, and the enigmatic Jay Gatsby."答案示例：The Great Gatsby is a novel set in the 1920s that delves into the American Dream and the pursuit of wealth and love. It is narrated by Nick Carraway and centers around the lives of the Buchanans and Gatsby.讲解：在总结时，要抓住文章的核心主题和主要人物。
去掉细节，只保留关键信息。
注意不要引入原文中未提及的内容。
练习题2：请根据以下新闻报道，提炼出最重要的信息。
"The city council has approved a new plan to reduce trafficcongestion. The proposal includes the expansion of public transportation services, the introduction of bike lanes, and the implementation of a congestion charge in the central business district."答案示例：The city council has greenlit measures to alleviate traffic by enhancing public transit, adding bike lanes, and instituting a congestion charge in the CBD.讲解：在提炼新闻报道时，要关注行动主体（city council）、主要措施（public transportation services, bike lanes, congestion charge）和目标（reduce traffic congestion）。
【上海高考概要写作】summarywriting3（10篇,有解析）
【上海高考概要写作】summarywriting3（10篇,有解析）Exercise 1概要写作。
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
A man may usually be known by the books he reads as well as by the company he keeps；for there is a companionship of books as well as of men；and one should always live in the best company, whether it be of books or of men.A good book may be among the best of friends. It is the same today that it always was, and it will never change. It is the most patient and cheerful of companions. It does not turn its back upon us in times of adversity or distress. It always receives us with the same kindness；amusing and instructing us in youth, and comforting and consoling us in age.Men often discover their affinity(关系）to each other by the mutual love they have for a book just as two persons sometimes discover a friend by the admiration which both entertain for a third. There is an old proverb, “Love me, love my dog. ” But there is more wisdom in this:“Love me ，love m y book. ” The book is a truer and higher bond of union. Men can think, feel, and sympathize with each other through their favorite author. They live in him together, and he in them.Books possess an essence of immortality. They are by far the most lasting products of human effort. Temples and statues decay, but books survive. Time is of no account with great thoughts, which are as fresh today as when they first passed through their author’s minds，ages ago. What was then said and thought still speaks to us as vividly as ever from the printed page. The only effect of time has been to sift out(筛选）the badproducts; for nothing in literature can long survive but what is really good.The great and good do not die, even in this world. Embalmed in books, their spirits walk abroad. The book is a living voice. It is an intellect to which one still listens.参考范文：People should choose the best men and books to be their companion (要点1). And a good book could not only be one of their best friends who is usually a man(要点2)，but also be the bridge of friendships among people(要点3) . Besides，books are considered to be immortal in essence, especially good books(要点4) . Therefore, good books are really important and helpful to all the people(要点5) .分析过程：试题详解1，核心内容本文是一篇说明文，全文共分五段。
上海高考英语-概要写作summary_writing
anything, he first gave him a lot of money and then he sat down and took off his leather gloves, beautiful black leather shoes and his black dress socks． Then he handed them to the homeless man．The homeless man took them and stared at him with an open mouth．
man I do not know personally but whose actions gave a new meaning to the words — kind and generous．
I was walking down a busy street on a cold, windy day in early winter. A
Summary Writing
1. 确定文体 the types of the passage
types
key information
记叙文 人物+时间+地点+事件（起因 narration +经过+结果）
描写某事物的性质功用。即“对象
√ 说明文
+性质功用+利好”； 针对某个问题提出解决方法或措施。
6. 主动句和被动句互换
Robert Baker, a psychologist at the University of Kentucky, performed two experiments.
上海高考英语-summary 技巧讲解(教师版)
1.对原文要点的理解和呈现情况
2.应用语法结构和词汇的准确性
3.上下文的逻辑性和连贯性
4.对各要点表达的独立性情况
三、概要写作解读
概要写作是2017年上海高考英语试卷中启用的题型。根据题目要求，考生需要在阅读一篇300词左右的文章的基础上，写一篇不多于60字的梗概，梗概写作是一种典型的读写结合的题型，也就是说，写作这一任务是在阅读文本的基础上完成的，所写的梗概必须涵盖文章所有主要信息，但又不能添加任何无关信息，也不需要对文章内容作出评价。
1、首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握文章主旨和结构，确定阅读文章的主题句，一般在段首；如果没有主题句，就需要自己总结组合。
2、找出原短文中每段的关键词并找到同义替换词。归纳每段的中心思想，用一句话总结出各段的段落大意，或每两段一个大意。写出相对独立的要点。
3、结合原文结构的顺序，将要点连接起来，运用适当the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out.
Though the belief in the merit of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighborever since the 18th century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supplyand hand washing are practical means of preventing disease.Yet,it seems that standards of cleanliness havemoved beyond science since World WarⅡ. Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea; clothes need to be whiterthan white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far?
【上海高考概要写作】summary writing5(10篇,有解析)
Exercise 1A father’s relationship to his child’s current and future academic success and the level of his or her development in academic potential and scholastic achievement are both factors with some rather interesting implications that educators are beginning to study. As a matter of fact, “life with father” has been discovered to be a very important factor in determining a child’s progress or lack of progress in school.A recent survey of over 16,000 children made by the National Child Development Study in London revealed that children whose fathers came to school conferences and accompanied their children on outings did better in school than those children whose fathers were not involved in those activities. The study, which monitored children born during a week in March, 1992，from the time of their birth through the years of their early schooling, further revealed that the children of actively involved fathers scored much higher in reading and math than those children whose only involved parent was the mother. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the role played by fathers in the raising of a child. It indicated a much higher level of parental involvement by the father than had been anticipated. Over 66% of the fathers were said to have played a major role in parental responsibility.The study also suggested that the greatest level of parenting took place in the families of only child. As the number of children and financial expenses increases, the father’s apparent interest and involvement with the children decreased. However, no matter what the size or financial condition of the family，a father’s active participation in the child’s development made a definite difference in the child’s progress.The study further revealed that while the frequency of overnight absences reflected a corresponding deficiency of the child’s level in math and reading, a father’s employment on night shifts appeared to have little effect on the child’s academic progress. The information evaluating the level of the father’s parenting performance was taken primarily from the admittedly subjective observations of their wives.参考答案：A recent study discovered that a father^ influence played a significant role in the level of the child’s academic progress.(要点1) As is suggested, the father’s involvement with children was affected by the size of the family and its financial expenses.(要点2) So children who tended to progress academically were those only children.(要点3) Moreover, a father’s frequent overnight absence had a bad effect on the child’s progress.(要点4)分析过程：试题详解1.核心内容本文是一篇说明文，共四段。
【上海高考概要写作】summary writing3(10篇,有解析)
Exercise 1概要写作。
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
A man may usually be known by the books he reads as well as by the company he keeps；for there is a companionship of books as well as of men；and one should always live in the best company, whether it be of books or of men.A good book may be among the best of friends. It is the same today that it always was, and it will never change. It is the most patient and cheerful of companions. It does not turn its back upon us in times of adversity or distress. It always receives us with the same kindness；amusing and instructing us in youth, and comforting and consoling us in age.Men often discover their affinity(关系）to each other by the mutual love they have for a book just as two persons sometimes discover a friend by the admiration which both entertain for a third. There is an old proverb, “Love me, love my dog. ” But there is more wisdom in this:“Love me ，love my book. ” The book is a truer and higher bond of union. Men can think, feel, and sympathize with each other through their favorite author. They live in him together, and he in them.Books possess an essence of immortality. They are by far the most lasting products of human effort. Temples and statues decay, but books survive. Time is of no account with great thoughts, which are as fresh today as when they first passed through their author’s minds，ages ago. What was then said and thought still speaks to us as vividly as ever from the printed page. The only effect of time has been to sift out(筛选）the bad products; for nothing in literature can long survive but what is really good.The great and good do not die, even in this world. Embalmed in books, their spirits walk abroad. The book is a living voice. It is an intellect to which one still listens.参考范文：People should choose the best men and books to be their companion (要点1). And a good book could not only be one of their best friends who is usually a man(要点2)，but also be the bridge of friendships among people(要点3) . Besides，books are considered to be immortal in essence, especially good books(要点4) . Therefore, good books are really important and helpful to all the people(要点5) .分析过程：试题详解1，核心内容本文是一篇说明文，全文共分五段。
上海高考概要写作summarywriting5(10篇,有解析)
Exercise 1A father’ s relationship to his child’ s current and future academic success and the level o her development in academic potential and scholastic achievement are both factors with somerather interesting implications that educators are beginning to study. As a matter of fact, “ lifewith father” has been discovered to be a very important factor in determining a childor lack of progress in school.A recent survey of over 16,000 children made by the National Child Development Study inLondon revealed that children whose fathers came to school conferences and accompanied their children on outings did better in school than those children whose fathers were not involved inthose activities. The study, which monitored children born during a week in March, 1992，fromthe time of their birth through the years of their early schooling, further revealed that the childrenof actively involved fathers scored much higher in reading and math than those children whoseonly involved parent was the mother. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the role playedby fathers in the raising of a child. It indicated a much higher level of parental involvement by the father than had been anticipated. Over 66% of the fathers were said to have played a major rolein parental responsibility.The study also suggested that the greatest level of parenting took place in the families of onlychild. As the number of children and financial expenses increases, the father’ s and involvement with the children decreased.However, no matter what the size or financialcondition of the family ，a father’ s active participation in the child’ s development ma difference in the child’ s progress.The study further revealed that while the frequency of overnight absences reflected a corresponding deficiency of the child ’levels in math and reading, a father ’employments onnight shifts appeared to have little effect on the child ’academics progress. The information evaluating the level of the father ’parentings performance was taken primarily from the admittedly subjective observations of their wives.参照答案：A recent study discovered that a father^ influence played a significant role in the level of thechild ’ s academic progress重点.( 1) As is suggested, the father’ s involvement with children w affected by the size of the family and its financial expenses.(重点 2) So children who tended to progress academically were those only children.( 重点3) Moreover, a father’frequents overnight absence had a bad effect on the child重点’ s4)progress.(剖析过程：试题详解1.中心内容本文是一篇说明文，共四段。
上海高考英语新题型Summary的解题技巧—教师版
高考英语新题型解题技巧一、知识讲解知识点1：Summary的概况I.概念: a short statement that gives the main information about something, without giving all the details.II.考查内容：Summary 综合考察学生获取文章主要信息的能力、归纳总结的能力、写作的能力。
文章主1）本题总分为10分，其中内容5分，语言5分。
（初定）2）评分时应注意的主要方面：内容要点、信息呈现的连贯性和准确性。
3）词数超过60，酌情扣分。
2.各档次给分要求：1）内容部分A.能准确、全面地概括文章主旨大意，并涵盖主要信息B.能准确概括文章主旨大意，但遗漏个别主要信息。
C.能概括文章主旨大意，但遗漏部分主要信息。
D.未能准确概括文章主旨大意，遗漏较多主要信息或留有过多细节信息。
E.几乎不能概括文章的主旨大意，未涉及文中有意义的相关信息。
2）语言部分A.能用自己的语言连贯、正确地表述。
B.能用自己的语言较连贯、正确地表述，但有个别语言错误。
C.基本能用自己的语言连贯、正确地表述，但连贯性较差，且有少量不影响表意的语言错误。
D.基本能用自己的语言表述，但连贯性较差，且严重语言错误较多。
E.几乎不能用自己的语言连贯、正确地表述。
1.知识点2：解题步骤I.Summary解题的关键在于用自己的话及有限的文字综述文章核心主旨，表达贯穿全文的大意，但切不可过于泛化。
此过程可分为三步：1.阅读，2.拟稿，3.定稿1.阅读A.标注文章段落或对文章进行分层。
B.给文章或Summary起一个标题, 一个好标题有助于确定文章的中心思想，避免偏题。
C.划出文章或段落主题句和关键词，并对重要部分进行简要概括。
2.拟稿A.对主题句进行修正，并使用适当连词将主题句、关键词和所概括的重要内容进行串联，组成完整的一篇Summary。
B.Summary尽量用自己的话完成，切不可加入个人观点或评论。
上海高考英语新题型之概要写作(Summary)
For personal use only in study and research; not for c o m m e r c i a l u s e上海高考英语新题型之概要写作澄衷高级中学孙吉从2017年起，上海英语高考试卷的题型将面临许多调整，其中之一便是增加了概要写作（Summary writing），也有许多人将之称为“小作文”。
概要写作分值占据15分，考查的是考生阅读和写作的综合能力。
概要写作所给定的语篇一般在200-250字，内容丰富多样，包含故事、时政、科普等，体裁以记叙文、说明文为主，字数一般要求在50-60字，答案尽量符合“Key points of a summary”的要求。
一．正确认识概要写作1. Definition of summary writing（概要写作的定义）By summary, we mean a brief restatement, in your own words, of the content ofa passage, an article, a chapter or a book.2. Key points of a summary（概要写作的要点）Conciseness（简要性）：Omit unnecessary details like examples, explanations and other unimportant information.Length: 1/4-1/3 of the original text.Completeness（完整性）：To include all the main and supporting points delivered in you own words in a condensed manner.Accuracy（准确性）：To give the same attention and stress to the points as the author does.Coherence（连贯性）：Rather than an outline listed as key words and phrases, a summary is a paragraph with necessary transitions and function structures to make it flow.Objectivity（客观性）：Do not include your own ideas or emotions on the topic. The summary should reflect the content of the original passage only.3. Steps to write a summary（概要写作的步骤）1）Skim the text to find out the general theme.2）Analyze the text’s structure to divide it into several sections, find out the main idea of each section and write it out briefly with your own words. (one sentence)3）Write down the key supporting points for each main idea without involving minor details.4）Organize the main and related supporting points in a logical order with necessary transitions to achieve coherence.5）Proofread for grammatical, spelling and punctuation mistakes.4. Beginning of a summary（概要写作的开头）Begin your summary with:*The author’s name*The article’s or chapter’s name*The author’s thesis statement—a general overview(survey) of the article.The Body:First of all, the author describes……He then points out that……In addition, the author talks about……Finally, the author suggests……Some other introductory phrases:*(The author) states in (this article) that…*(The author), in (this article) shows that…*In (this article), (the author) writes that…*As (the author) says in (this article),…*The main idea of (the author’s article) is…*The author believes (holds; maintains; claims; argues; points out; suggests; proposes) that + clause…*The author talks about (explains; describes; reveals; discusses; focuses on) + n.二．记叙文概要写作要点点拨记叙文体的阅读材料，相比其他文体而言，写概要相对容易。
上海高考Summary如何写
精心整理Summary 如何写（I ）说明文的summary我们以上海英语高二课本中的一篇文章为例TheProblemofPackaging第一段Alargesourceofrubbishispackagingmaterial.Itoftenmakesupmorethan30percentofthetotal.Tounderstand whythisistrue,thinkofthepackagingcommonlyusedforasimpleproduct,suchastoothpaste.Thepackaginginclu desnotonlythetubeforthetoothpaste,butalsotheboxforthetube.Thisboxisputintoaplasticwrapper.Then,thebox 第讲后面说明文概要模板a.现象揭示类：Thisarticlepointsoutthecommonphenomenon--（主题),which ….（补充解释）.b.利弊对比类：Thearticlecomparesthed isadvantages/benefitsofAandB.A…whileB…Thepassagediscussestheimpactofsth.Onthepositiveside…,butitmayalso….c.研究显示类：Thestudyrevealsthat…Thepurposeofthereportistoshowthat…Summary:Thearticlepointsouttheproblemofpackaging.Aboutonethirdofrubbishresultsfromthepackagingmaterials, whichcausedamagetotheenvironmentduringtheirproductionandafterendinginlandfills.Thoughtheprogramsc arriedouttocombattheproblemaretemporarilysuccessful,theproblemremainsagreatconcern.(50words)Summary如何写（II）Adrivinggoalformostwebsitesisforthatsitetobeeasilyfoundbypeoplelookingfortheproductsorservices. Oneofthewayspeoplemayfindthesesitesisviaasearchengine.Withthisinmind,companiesobviouslywanttheir websitestoappealtosearchenginesaswell.(第一段文字讲网站要让搜索引擎喜欢，那预测下，接下来的文字可能会是，该怎么让搜索引擎喜欢呢？有什么要注意的要素呢？)Firstofall,websitecontentshouldbeuniqueandtimely.（第一句话是主题句，网站内容要独特新颖且assessingyourwebsite'suserfriendliness,understandthateaseofusecomesfirst,butdonotdiscountthebenefitsof addingabitofdelightintothatexperienceaswell.整理下思路：该文章主要讲了网站为了迎合搜索引擎，必须要考虑到搜索引擎的一些rankingsignals，分别是uniqueandtimelycontent,mobilefriendliness,pagespeedandsiteperformance,appropriateupdatefrequency 和enjoyablecustomerexperience.Summary:Thisarticlefocusesonhowwebsitesmakethemselveseasilyaccessibletousersthroughsearchengines.Ther ankingsignalstobeconsideredincludeuniqueandtimelycontent,mobilefriendliness,pagespeedandsiteperform ance,appropriateupdatefrequencyandenjoyablecustomerexperience.(41words)总结语言图式，内容图式，结构图式教师在讲解试卷的过程中，如果只是就题目而分析的话，可能就失去了很多好的机会让学生更立体的了解一段文字，往往我们更多地关注文章的语言图式和内容图式，对结构图式避而不谈，这是“只见树木，不见森林”的做法。
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上海高考英语新题型之概要写作(S u m m a r y)上海高考英语新题型之概要写作澄衷高级中学孙吉从2017年起，上海英语高考试卷的题型将面临许多调整，其中之一便是增加了概要写作（Summary writing），也有许多人将之称为“小作文”。
概要写作分值占据15分，考查的是考生阅读和写作的综合能力。
概要写作所给定的语篇一般在200-250字，内容丰富多样，包含故事、时政、科普等，体裁以记叙文、说明文为主，字数一般要求在50-60字，答案尽量符合“Key points of a summary”的要求。
一．正确认识概要写作1. Definition of summary writing（概要写作的定义）By summary, we mean a brief restatement, in your own words, of the content of a passage, an article, a chapter or a book.2. Key points of a summary（概要写作的要点）Conciseness（简要性）：Omit unnecessary details like examples, explanations and other unimportant information.Length: 1/4-1/3 of the original text.Completeness（完整性）：To include all the main and supporting points delivered in you own words in a condensed manner.Accuracy（准确性）：To give the same attention and stress to the points as the author does.Coherence（连贯性）：Rather than an outline listed as key words and phrases, a summary is a paragraph with necessary transitions and function structures to make it flow.Objectivity（客观性）：Do not include your own ideas or emotions on the topic. The summary should reflect the content of the original passage only.3. Steps to write a summary（概要写作的步骤）1）Skim the text to find out the general theme.2）Analyze the text’s structure to divide it into several sect ions, find out the main idea of each section and write it out briefly with your own words. (one sentence) 3）Write down the key supporting points for each main idea without involving minor details.4）Organize the main and related supporting points in a logical order with necessary transitions to achieve coherence.5）Proofread for grammatical, spelling and punctuation mistakes.4. Beginning of a summary（概要写作的开头）Begin your summary with:*The author’s name*The article’s or chapter’s name*The author’s thesis statement—a general overview(survey) of the article.The Body:First of all, the author describes……He then points out that……In addition, the author talks about……Finally, the author suggests……Some other introductory phrases:*(The author) states in (this article) that…*(The author), in (this article) shows that…*In (this article), (the author) writes that…*As (the author) says in (this article),…*The main idea of (the author’s article) is…*The author believes (holds; maintains; claims; argues; points out; suggests; proposes) that + clause…*The author talks about (explains; describes; reveals; discusses; focuses on) + n.二．记叙文概要写作要点点拨记叙文体的阅读材料，相比其他文体而言，写概要相对容易。
在写概要前，除明确文章主题外，还应抓住六个要素：when, where, who, what, why, how。
在这六个要素中，所占内容比重最大的是what。
一般来说，记叙文的故事概要可以用这样的模板来表示：Who did what by…because…当然，不是说每个故事概要都包含how或why，有时两者选其一即可。
下文是课堂训练的一个例子：Directions:Please read the following passage and write a summary of it in no more than 60 words.I took a trip to a big lake in Indonesia with my family two years ago. It was reallya huge lake with beautiful scenery all around. People were amazed by the endless view in front of our eyes. Later on, unlike other girls, I volunteered to go water-skiing alone. I put on the life jacket, got on the motorboat immediately and started my engine as soon as possible.The lake seemed broad and endless. I was so thrilled(激动) to enjoy my trip among the mountains and waters that I sped my motorboat. Then, after some time, I found myself in the middle of the endless lake. A sudden fear came around me. I didn’t know where I was or even how far I had gone from the shore. What was worse, it began to rain and it became very cold and foggy. I rode everywhere but couldn’t find my way back. It was useless for me to cry or shout for help. I was so terrified that I began to think about all kinds of horrible things. After floating on the water helplessly and hopelessly for a long time, suddenly I heard someone calling my name. Soon, a big steamboat sailed to me and they pulled me up to the deck and asked me if I was hurt. I couldn’t say a word but cried in my father’s arms.材料分析：根据文本内容，这是一篇故事类的记叙文，要求对其进行概要写作。
因此，我们先找出记叙文的六要素：When—two years agoWhere—a trip to a big lake in IndonesiaWho—“I”, the writerWhat—got lost; was foundWhy—go water-skiing alone; too thrilledResult—father came to her rescue列出了要点之后，我们就可以用自己的话将要点组织起来，概括成一段约50词的通顺概要：The passage tells us the writer’s experience of adventure. Once the writer was on a trip to a lake where she went water-skiing alone. She was so excited and enjoyed herself that soon she got lost. Fortunately, her father finally came to her rescue. （44 words）三．说明文概要写作要点点拨说明文体的阅读材料内容大致可以分为以下几类：现象揭示类：The article points out the common phenomenon—(主题)，which…(补充解释)利弊对比类：The article compares the disadvantages/benefits of A and B. A…while B…The passage discusses the impact of sth.On the positive side,…, but it may also…研究显示类：The study reveals that…The purpose of the report is to show that…下文是课堂训练的一个例子：Directions:Please read the following passage and write a summary of it in no more than 60 words.A large source of rubbish is packaging material. It often makes up more than 30 percent of the total. To understand why this is true, think of the packaging commonly used for a simple product, such as toothpaste. The packaging includes not only the tube for the toothpaste, but also the box for the tube. This box is put into a plastic wrapper. Then, the boxes are transported in a cardboard container.Most packaging material ends up in a landfill after it is thrown away. Though necessary, landfills take up valuable space, often stink（发出恶臭）, and can leak harmful substances into the soil. Landfills not included, the production of packaging material itself is a major source of air and water pollution.People are now trying to solve the problems caused by packaging materials. In 1991, Germany took the lead by requiring companies to recycle the packaging used for their goods. To do this, the companies set up recycling bins in every neighborhood. Consumers now separate their rubbish into three categories—metal, plastic and paper cartons. They then put it into the appropriate bin. The rubbish sorted, it is transported to a recycling company for processing.The programme worked well at first. However, the amount of rubbish has begun to increase again. One reason for this is that many consumers no longer reduce waste because they think the problem is solved. It seems that to properly deal with the problem of rubbish, everyone must remain alert and do their part.材料分析：根据文本内容，这是一篇讲包装材料所带来的问题的说明文，要求对其进行概要写作。