GCT语法词汇精讲
GCT语法词汇精讲
GCT语法词汇精讲语法1、名词、代词的数和格的构成及其用法;这部分在往年真题里基本上没有考到,但我们还是需要注意以下问题:1)注意常用的不可数名词:information,news,furniture, physics, statistics data2) 注意修饰可数与不可数名词的量词:much,many,a few,a little3) 注意代词主格、宾格的区别:who,whom, whose2、动词的基本时态、语态的构成及其用法;时态:1) 各种时态的意义和表达形式2)体现不同时间的短语或成分3)时间成分中介词的不同时间指示:for,since,by语态:1)及物动词与不及物动词的区别2)动词短语不能拆开3)双宾语4)by,with, of from的区别3、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成及其用法;1)ed与ing形容词的区别2)等比句型既倍数:as…as+++times the + n + ofThis room is 4 times the size of the next door.The computer cost me 4 times the price of last one.3)不能用比较级和最高级规则:superior,inferior,prior, junior, senior (to)4、常用连接词、冠词的词义及其用法;特别注意体现句子间不同层次和前后关系的连接词5.非谓语动词1)跟动名词的动词和动词短语Enjoy, mind, suggest, finish, practice, admit, deny, put off, give up, be used to, look forward toMean to dodoinginvolve doing分词定语:Falling leaves burning house Fallen burned houseSurprising news exciting victory Surprised girl excited fans There was a ______ look on her face when she saw Tim at the party. Surprising surprisedThe man killed in the accidentmurdering his wife状语:Seeing the police, he went away. Working in the countryside, we became good friends.Finishing my homework,I went thome. They came out, talking and laughing. Led by the Party, we won one victory after another宾补:I found the classroom cleaned.I found the students cleaning the classroom when I came in.Tell him to come to my office.I often hear him sing English songs.2)跟不定式和动名词意义不同的动词3)make,let, have后不定式做宾补不带to4)注意下列句子to be discussedThis is the problem discussed at the meeting yesterday.being discussed6、虚拟语气的构成及其用法;1)非真实条件句的三种形式过去: if 主句had done would have doneIf there had been no fog, the Titanic wouldn’t have sunk.现在: if 主句V+ed would dowereIf I were you, I would accept his proposal.If the earth stopped moving, what our life would be like?将来: if 主句Should doWere to do would doIf Taiwan should/were to declare independence, we would use forces immediately.2)条件句中省略if和替代if的规则3)混合式4) suggest insist propose require request order(Should) doHe made a suggestion at the meeting that a special committee be set up to investigate the matter.He ordered that the task be finished at once.7、各类从句的构成及其用法;2)定语从句:先行词关系词:关系代词:人who(whom, whose物which that关系副词Please show me the book whose cover is red.只用that的情况1.当先行词被only修饰2. 最高级,序数词修饰3. 当不定代词做先行词:something, nothing, anything, everything, allThis is ______ I want to know.that which what it只用which的情况1.非限制性定语从句Taiwan is part of China, which is known to all.2.介词+which引起定语从句This is the room in which we had English classes this summer.what与that的区别What=the thing thatall that4)in that与now that的区别The two brothers are similar in that they both like pop songs.Now that everyone is here, let’s start th e class.That whatI believe that you are right.That Taiwan is part of China is known to all.I believe what you said.What you see here should be kept secret.5)一些疑问词后加ever也可以引导让步状语从句,意同no matter …Whatever, whenever, whichever, However difficult the problem is, we will solve it.Whatever you see here, please keep it secret.6)so…that与such…that的区别He ran so fast that I couldn’t catch up with him.Qingdao is so beautiful a city that people from all over the world come to visit it.Qingdao is such a beautiful city that people from all over the world come to visit it.3)providing(provided)that引导条件从句8、强调句型的结构及其用法;It is…that…I met an old friend in the park yesterday.Not until9、常用倒装句的结构及其用法1)否定副词,副词短语置于句首never seldom rarely by no means in no way under no circumstancesNever will I forget the day when I first came to Dongying.Under no circumstances will China first use its nuclear weapons.2)as引导让步状语Young as he is, he is capable.Try as he might, he failed.Hero as he is, he is not a good father.3)only置于句首Only in this way can we solve the problem.5)Hardly/scarcely had…when, no sooner had…thanHardly had I gone to bed when I fell asleep.No sooner had I gone to bed than I fell asleep.词汇考生应掌握本考试大纲词汇表中所规定的英语词汇量和需要达到的应用程度,即:1、领会式掌握4500个英语单词和500个常用词组;2、复用式掌握其中1800个左右的常用单词和200个常用词组;3、掌握一定数量的常用词缀,并能根据构词法和语境识别常见的派生词。
GCT整理单词-22页word资料
GCT考试英语单词核心词汇总accuse [ə'kju:z]vt.谴责,指责;(of)控告,告发accustomed [ə'kʌstəmd]a.惯常的,通常的;(to)习惯于...的,适应了的achieve [ə'tʃi:v]vt.完成,达到(目的);得到,获得acquaintance [ə'kweintəns]n.(with)熟悉,熟知,相识,了解;熟人,相识的人acquire [ə'kwaiə]vt.取得,求得,获得,学得actual ['æktʃuəl,'æktjuəl]a.现实的,实际的,事实上的;现在的,目前的acute [ə'kju:t]a.严重的,激烈的;敏锐的了;锐的,尖的;(疾病)急性的adapt [ə'dæpt]vt.使适应;改编;改写vi.(to)适应additional [ə'diʃənl]a.追加的,附加的;另外的address [ə'dres]n.通讯处,地址;致词,讲话vt.向...致词(说话);在(信封或包裹上)写姓名地址,致函adequate ['ædikwit]a.充足的,足够的;适当的,胜任的adjust [ə'dʒʌst]vt.(to)调整,调节;整理,使合适administration [əd`minis'treiʃən]n.经营,管理,支配;管理部门,行政机关,政府;实行,执行admire [əd'maiə]vt.钦佩;羡慕;赞赏;称赞,夸奖admit [əd'mit]vt./vi.准许...进来,准许...加入;(to)承认,供认adopt [ə'dɔpt]vt./vi.采用,采纳,采取;正式通过,批准;收养(子女)advance [əd'vɑ:ns]vi.前进;取得进展;(价格等)上涨;促进,推进,助长vt.预先发放,预先支付;提前,使提前发生;提出(建议等) n.前进,进展,发展;预付;提前adventure [əd'ventʃə]n.冒险,奇遇;冒险活动advisable [əd'vaizəbl]a.明智的;可取的;适当的advertise [`ædvətaiz]vt.为...做广告,宣传;(在报刊、电视、广播等中)公告,公布affiliate [ə'filieit]vt./vi.(使...)加入,联合;(to,with)使隶属(附属)于n.附属公司;分公司afford [ə'fɔ:d]vt.(与can,could,be able to连用)买得起,花得起(时间);提供,给予agency ['eidʒənsi]n.代理行,代办处,经销店;(政府等的)专业行政部门agent ['eidʒənt]n.代理人,代理商,经纪人;政府特工人员,政府代表;动因,原因;剂aggression [ə'greʃən]n.侵略,进攻aid [eid]vt.帮助,援助n.帮助,救护;助手,辅助物,辅助手段alarm [ə'lɑ:m]n.警报,警报器,警铃;惊恐,忧虑vt.向...报警;使惊慌,使不安,惊吓alienation [`eiljə'neiʃən]n.转让,让渡alike [ə'laik]a.(常作表语)相似的,同样的,相像的allocation [`ælə'keiʃən]n.分配;拨款(权)alter ['ɔ:ltə]v.改变,变更amateur ['æmətə:]a.业余的;非职业的;外行的n.业余爱好者,业余运动员;外行amaze [ə'meiz]v.使惊奇,使惊叹ambition [æm'biʃən]n.雄心,野心;期望得到的东西ambulance ['æmbjuləns]n.救护车,救护船,救护飞机amendment [ə'mendmənt]n.修正;赔款amuse [ə'mju:z]v.逗乐;给...提供娱乐analysis [ə'næləsis]n.分析;分析报告ancestor ['ænsistə]n.祖宗,祖先;原型,先驱ancient ['einʃənt]a.古代的;古老的annoy [ə'nɔi]affect [ə'fekt]vt.影响affection [ə'fekʃən] n.喜爱,慈爱,感情,爱慕之情annuity [ə'nju(:)iti]n.年金;养老金anticipate [æn'tisipeit]vi.预料,期望;先于...行动;提前使用apart [ə'pɑ:t]ad.离去,分开;(空间、时间)成距离,相隔;除去apparent [ə'pærənt]a.(to)显然的,明显的;表面上的,外表的,貌似(真实)的appeal [ə'pi:l]vi.(to)呼吁,恳求;(against)申诉;(to)求助于,诉诸于n.(to)要求,呼吁;上诉,申诉;吸引力appetite ['æpitait]n.食欲,胃口;欲望applicable ['æplikəbəl]a.(to)可适用的,可实施的;适当的,合适的appraisal [ə'preizəl]n.评价,估量,估价approach [ə'prəutʃ]vi./vt.(to)靠近,接近n.接近;途径;方法appropriate [ə'prəupriit]n.拨出(款项等);占用,挪用a. (to)适当的,恰当的approve [ə'pru:v]vt./vi.(of)赞成,赞同;批准,对...表示认可artificial [`ɑ:ti'fiʃəl]a.人造的,人工的;人为的,矫柔造作的aspect ['æspekt]n.方面;外表;(建筑物的)朝向,方向assemble [ə'sembl]vt./vi.集合;装配assessment [ə'sesmənt]n.评估;确定金额asset ['æset]n.有价值的人,优点,长处;(pl.)资产,财产assign [ə'sain]vt.(to)指派,指定;(to)分配;指定(时间、地点等) assume [ə'sju:m]vt.假定,设想;承担,担任,就职;呈现,具有,采取astonish [əs'tɔniʃ]vt.使惊讶,使吃惊attorney [ə'tə:ni]n.代理人;律师authority [ɔ:'θɔriti]n.权力;权威,专家;行政管理机构,当权者;(pl.)vt.使烦恼,使生气;打扰annual ['ænjuəl]a.每年的,年度的n.年刊,年鉴awful ['ɔ:ful]a.极坏的;可怕的;极度的;感到难过的,不舒服的awkward ['ɔ:kwəd]a.笨拙的;尴尬的;棘手的Bban [bæn]n./vt.禁止,禁令,取缔bankrupt ['bæŋkrʌpt]n.破产者vt.使破产a.破产的;彻底缺乏的bare [beə]a.赤裸的,光秃的;仅有的vt.裸露,露出barrier ['bæriə]n.栅栏;障碍;关卡beforehand [bi'fɔ:hænd]ad.预先,事先behalf [bi'hɑ:f]n.利益,方面bid [bid]v.投标;命令,吩咐;说(问候的话);祝愿;n.出价,报价block [blɔk]n.块;街区;障碍物;大楼,一排房屋vt.阻塞,封锁boast [bəust]v.(of,about)自夸,夸耀;有...可以夸耀,自豪地拥有n.自夸,自吹自擂bold [bəuld]a.大胆的;冒失的;黑体字的bond [bɔnd]n.契约;结合物,粘结剂;债券bonus ['bəunəs]n.奖金;红利;额外津贴boom [bu:m]n.低沉的隆隆声;营业等的激增,经济迅速发展vi./vt.雷、炮等发出隆隆声;兴隆,迅速发展border ['bɔ:də]n.边;边界,国界v.给...加上边,围;与...接壤(毗邻) bore [bɔ:]vt.使厌烦;钻(孔)打眼,凿通n.令人厌烦的人或事;孔,孔道bound [baund]a.必定的;受约束的,有义务的;准备到...去的,开往...的vi.跳跃,跳跃着前进;跳回,反弹vt. 成为...的界限,给...划界限n. 分界线,边界;界限,范围boundary ['baundəri]当局available [ə'veiləbl]a.现成可使用的,在手边的,可利用的;可以见到的,随时可来的award [ə'wɔ:d]vt.颁奖,授予n.奖,奖品burst [bə:st]v.使爆炸;(in,out)突然发生;(芽、蕾等)绽开n.爆炸;裂口,决口by-business ['bai`biznis]n.副业,兼职by-law ['bailɔ:]n.公司章程;细则,附则byproduct ['bai`prɔdəkt]n.副产品Ccabinet ['kæbinit]n.橱柜;政府内阁campaign [kæm'pein]n.战役;运动vi.参加运动,参加竞选candidate ['kændideit]n.报考者;候选人capture ['kæptʃə]vt.捉拿;俘获;夺取n.俘获,俘虏;战利品,俘虏物casual ['kæʒjuəl]a.偶然的;随便的;临时的,不定期的;不经意的,随便的caution ['kɔ:ʃən]n.小心,谨慎;警告,告诫;注意事项v.警告,劝某人小心;告诫cease [si:s]v.停止,结束cement [si'ment]n.水泥;胶粘剂vt.粘接;巩固centigrade ['sentigreid]n./a.摄氏温度(的);百分度的characteristic [`kæriktə'ristik]a.特有的,典型的n.特征,特性charge [tʃɑ:dʒ]v.索价;控告;充电n.费用;指控;充电,电荷charming ['tʃɑ:miŋ]a.可爱的,迷人的chase [tʃeis]vt./n.追猎,追赶chilly ['tʃili]a.寒冷的chore [tʃɔ:] n.分界线;边界bribe [braib]v.贿赂,向...行贿n. 贿赂,行贿bride [braid]n.新娘bureau ['bjuərəu] n.(机构的)局,部,办事处coarse [kɔ:s]a.粗糙的;粗俗的collapse [kə'læps]v./n.倒塌;崩溃;(价格)暴跌;倒闭,破产collective [kə'lektiv]a.集体的;共同的n.集体,团体commission [kə'miʃən]n.委任状;授权,委托;佣金,回扣;委员会vt.委托,委任commit [kə'mit]vt.犯(错、罪);(oneself)使承担义务;(to)把...交托给,把...提交给committee [kə'miti]n.委员会,全体委员commodity [kə'mɔditi]n.日用品;商品community [kə'mju:niti]n.社区,社会;团体,共同体;(动植物的)群落compel [kəm'pel]vt.强迫compensate ['kɔmpenseit]v.(损坏)赔偿,补偿;抵消complaint [kəm'pleint]n.抱怨,诉苦;申诉;疾病complex ['kɔmpleks]a.复杂的,难懂的;综合的n.综合企业,综合体;情节complicated ['kɔmplikeitid]a.复杂的,难懂的其compose [kəm'pəuz]v.由...组成;写作,作曲;使平静,使镇静compound ['kɔmpaund]a.复合的;合成的n.化合物;复合词(句) vt.使恶化,加重;使化合,使合成comprehensive [`kɔmpri'hensiv]a.综合的,广泛的;有理解力的,理解的compress [kəm'pres]vt.压缩,浓缩;摘要叙述compromise ['kɔmprəmaiz]n./vi.妥协,折衷vt.危及,放弃(原则,理想等) conceal [kən'si:l]v.隐藏,隐瞒;对...保密n.(pl.)家庭杂务circulate ['sə:kjuleit]v.循环;流通;流传civilization [`sivilai'zeiʃən]n.文明,文化;开化client ['klaiənt]n.委托人;顾客clue [klu:]n.线索;思路;暗示conflict ['kɔnflikt, kən'flikt]n.抵触;争执;冲突vi.冲突,抵触confront [kən'frʌnt]v.迎面遇到,遭遇;勇敢地面对,正视;使对质,使当面对证confuse [kən'fju:z]vt.搞乱,使混乱;使困惑,把...弄胡涂;混淆,把...混同congress ['kɔŋgres]n.(代表)大会,正式会议;国会conscience ['kɔnʃəns]n.良心conscious ['kɔnʃəs]a.有意识的;头脑清醒的;自觉的consent [kən'sent]vi./n.同意;答应consequence ['kɔnsikwəns]n.后果,影响;重要性conservative [kən'sə:vətiv]a.保守的n.保守的人;保守派considerate [kən'sidərit]a.考虑周到的;体谅的consolidation [kən`sɔli'deiʃən]n.企业合并constant ['kɔnstənt]a.始终如一的;经常的;不变的,固定的n.常数,恒量constitution [`kɔnsti'tju:ʃən]n.宪法;体质;构成consult [kən'sʌlt]vt.商量;请教,找...商议;参考(地图),查看(词典) contemporary [kən'tempərəri]a.当代的;同时代的n.同时代人,同辈contract ['kɔntrækt, kən'trækt]n.合同,契约;包工v.订合同;缩短,缩写contradiction [`kɔntrə'dikʃən]n.矛盾;反驳convention [kən'venʃən]n.公约;习俗;大会condemn [kən'dem]vt.谴责;宣判condense [kən'dens]v.凝结;压缩;精简conduct ['kɔndəkt, kən'dʌkt]n.举止,行为v.处理;引导;导电,传热confess [kən'fes]v.承认,坦白;忏悔confirm [kən'fə:m] vt.证实,批准;使更坚固counter ['kauntə]n.计算器;柜台a./ad.相反的v.对抗,反驳counterfeit ['kauntəfit]v./n.伪造,假冒n.假货,伪造品critical ['kritikəl]a.决定性的,关键性的;批评的,批判的;危急的,紧要的cruel ['kruəl]a.残酷的,残忍的cultivate ['kʌltiveit]vt.耕作;栽培;培养cunning ['kʌniŋ]a.狡猾的,狡诈的curb [kə:b]n.场外证券市场,场外交易vt.制止,抑制cure [kjuə]vt.纠正;治愈n.治愈;疗法,良药currency ['kʌrənsi]n.货币;通用,流通Cdash [dæʃ]v.猛冲,飞奔;浇,泼,溅n.猛冲,突进;破折号dealer ['di:lə]n.买卖人,商人;经销商,证券商debate [di'beit]n./v.讨论;辩论deceive [di'si:v]v.欺骗,蒙骗decent ['di:snt]a.正派的;体面的,得体的;宽厚的,大方的deduct [di'dʌkt]v.扣除;减去default [di'fɔ:lt]n.不负责;缺席;拖欠v.不履行,不负责任;缺席,不到案;拖欠债务defects [di'fekt]n.不合格品deficit ['defisit]n.亏空,亏损;赤字,逆差conventional [kən'venʃənl]a.惯例的,常规的;传统的,规范的convert [kən'və:t]vt.使转变,使转化;使...改变信仰convey [kən'vei]vt.搬运,运送(旅客、货物等);传达(消息,思想等);传播(声音等)convince [kən'vins]vt.使信服,使确信cope [kəup]vi.对付;妥善处理costly ['kɔstli] a.昂贵的;代价高的demonstrate ['demənstreit]v.证明;演示;示威游行;现实,表露dense [dens]a.密的,密集的;密度大的deposit [di'pɔzit]vt.使沉淀,使沉积;存放,寄放;储蓄n.存款;押金;沉淀depreciation [di`pri:ʃi'eiʃən]n.折旧;价值下降deprive [di'praiv]vi.剥夺,使丧失derive [di'raiv]v.从...得到;源自desert ['dezət]n.沙漠vt.遗弃;擅自离开deserve [di'zə:v]vt.应受;值得design [di'zain]v.设计,构思;预定,指定n.设计(图样),构思;图谋,企图;图样,图案desirable [di'zaiərəbəl]a.值得拥有的,值得向的;有利的,可取的desperate ['despərit]a.(因绝望而)不顾一切的,孤注一掷的;绝望的,危急的;极向往的,极需要的destruction [dis'trʌkʃən]n.破坏;消灭devalue [di:'vælju:]n.贬值digest [di'dʒest,'daidʒest]vt.消化(食物);领会n.文摘,摘要diligent ['dilidʒənt]a.勤奋的,用功的discharge [dis'tʃ:dʒ]vt.允许...离开,释放,解雇;放出,排出,发射;释放;卸(货),下(车) n.放出;排出;放出,放电;卸delegation [`deli'geiʃən]n.代表团delicate ['delikit]a.娇嫩的;精细的;微妙的;易碎的,脆弱的delight [di'lait]v.使欣喜,使高兴n.快乐,高兴;使人高兴的东西(人) deliver [di'livə]vt.投递,送交;发表;分娩;给予(打击等);解救,拯救democracy [di'mɔkrəsi]n.民主政治,民主主义的;民主国家;民主,民主制draft [drɑ:ft]n.草稿;汇票;征兵,服役;通风,气流vt.起草,草拟;征募dread [dred]n./v.害怕,恐惧due [dju:]a.预定的;应给的,应得的;到期的;应有的dumb [dʌm]a.哑的;沉默的dump [dʌmp]vt.倾倒;倾销n.垃圾堆durable ['djuərəbl]a.持久的,耐久的duration [djuə'reiʃən]n.持久;持续时间earnings ['ə:niŋz]n.(常pl.)收入,收益;利润earnest ['ə:nist]a.诚挚的,认真的,热心的efficiency [i'fiʃənsi]n.效率;功效elementary [`eli'mentəri]a.基本的;初级的,初等的elevator ['eliveitə]n.电梯;升降机eliminate [i'limineit]vt.消灭,消除;淘汰embezzle [im'bezəl]vt.贪污,盗用;挪用(公款、公物等)emerge [i'mə:dʒ]vi.出现;显露,产生emergency [i'mə:dʒənsi]n.紧急情况,突然事件emit [i'mit]vt.发出,放射enclosure [in'kləuʒə](货),下(客)discipline ['disiplin]n.训练,训导;纪律,风纪;学科;惩罚,处分vt.训练,训导;惩罚,处罚disclose [dis'kləuz]vt.使显露;揭发,泄漏disguise [dis'gaiz]vt.化妆,假扮;隐瞒,掩饰;伪装n.伪装,隐瞒;用来伪装的东西(行动)dismiss [dis'mis]vt.免职,解雇;解散;不考虑;驳回,不受理dispute [dis'pju:t]v.争论,辩论n.争论,辩驳;争端dividend ['dividend]n.红利,股息;(pl.)回报,效益;被除数enthusiasm [in'θju:ziæzəm]n.热情,热心;巨大兴趣,热衷的事物entitle [in'taitl]vt.给...权利;给...定名envy ['envi]n.嫉妒,羡慕;嫉妒的对象,羡慕的目标vt.(at,of)嫉妒,羡慕equality [i(:)'kwɔliti]n.同等,平等escape [i'skeip]vt./vi.逃跑;逃避;(液体等)泄漏,溢出n.逃跑evasion [i'veiʒən]n.逃避;偷漏(税)eventually [i'ventʃuəli]ad.终于,最后exceed [ik'si:d]vt.超过,胜过exclaim [iks'kleim]v.大声说,呼喊,惊叫exclude [iks'klu:d]vt.把...除外,不包括execute ['eksikju:t]vt.执行;处决executive [ig'zekjutiv]a.执行的,行政的n.执行者,行政官;总经理,董事exemption [ig'zempʃən]n.豁免,免税额exhaust [ig'zɔ:st]n.排气装置;废气vt.耗尽;使精疲力竭;详尽论述exhibit [ig'zibit]vt.展览,陈列;显示,显出n.展品expand [iks'pænd]vt./vi.扩大;扩张;膨胀n.附件(随函);围墙,围栏encounter [in'kauntə]vt.遭遇到,遇上n.遭遇,遇到endure [in'djuə]v.忍耐,忍受;持续;持续enforce [in'fɔ:s]vt.实施,实行;强制执行engage [in'geidʒ]v.使从事;聘用;订婚enormous [i'nɔ:məs]a.巨大的,庞大的enterprise ['entəpraiz]n.事业心;企业,单位,公司;事业,计划entertain [`entə'tein]v.款待;娱乐extensive [iks'tensiv]a.广泛的,广博的;广阔的extent [iks'tent]n.程度,范围;广度,宽度,大小external [eks'tə:nl]a.外面的,外部的,外表的facility [fə'siliti]n.(pl.)设施(备);便利,容易,方便faint [feint]a.模糊的,不清楚的;虚弱的,无力的;眩晕的vi.发晕,昏倒n.昏厥faithful ['feiθfəl]a.忠诚的,忠实的;如实的,可靠的;尽职的,责任心强的fake [feik]n.伪造品vt.伪造,假冒a.假的,伪造的,冒充的familiar [fə'miljə]a.熟悉的,通晓的;随便的,不拘礼仪的;冒昧的,放肆的famine ['fæmin]n.饥荒fare [feə]n.车(船)费v.过日子,进展fashion ['fæʃən]n.时髦,流行式样;方式fasten ['fɑ:sn]v.结牢,拴住;使固定fatal ['feitl]a.致命的,毁灭性的;重大的,决定性的fatigue [fə'ti:g]n.疲乏,劳累vt./vi.(使)疲劳faulty ['fɔ:lti]a.有错误的,有缺点的expenditure [iks'penditʃə]n.支出,开支;支出额,花费,费用expire [iks'paiə]v.满期,终止;去世,断气explode [iks'pləud]v.爆炸,爆发;激增,迅速扩大exploit ['iksplɔit]vt.剥削;利用;开发n.(pl.)业绩,功绩explore [iks'plɔ:]vt.勘探,探测;探察,探索explosive [iks'pləusiv]a.爆炸性的,易爆炸的;极易引起争论的n.炸药,爆炸物expose [iks'pəuz]vt.使暴露;(to)使处于...作用之下;揭露extend [iks'tend]vt.延长,延伸;扩大;给予vi.伸展,扩大,(在范围或应用上)达到,延续fierce [fiəs]a.凶猛的,残忍的;狂热地,极度的;猛烈的,强烈的figure ['figə]n.数字;轮廓;人物;图表;(pl.)算术,计算v.想出,领会到finance ['fainæns,fi'næns]n.财政(学),金融;(常pl.)财源,资金,财务情况vt./vi.资助,为...提供资金fiscal ['fiskəl]a.国库的;财政的;金融的;会计的flame [fleim]n.火焰,火苗flash [flæʃ]v.闪烁;闪现;掠过n.闪光,闪烁;闪光灯flat [flæt]n.公寓住宅;一套房间a.平坦的;扁平的,挺直的;单调的,乏味的;价格固定的,收费统一的ad.平直的;直截了当的,断然地flexible ['fleksəbl]a.易弯曲的;灵活的flock [flɔk]n.一群(飞禽、牲畜);众多vi.群集,成群flourish ['flʌriʃ]v.繁荣;兴旺fluctuation [`flʌktju'eiʃən]n.波动;(价格)涨落fluent ['flu(:)ənt]a.流利的,流畅的focus ['fəukəs] feasible ['fi:zibl]a.可行的feast [fi:st]n.节日;宴会v.设宴,参加宴会feature ['fi:tʃə]n.特征,特色;(pl.)容貌;特写,专题节目;故事片vt./vi.突出,由...主演;其重要作用,作为主要角色federal ['fedərəl]a.联邦的fee [fi:]n.费用;酬金;学费feedback ['fi:dbæk]n.反馈fertile ['fə:tail]a.肥沃的,富饶的,多产的;(想象力或创造力)丰富的fertilizer ['fə:tilaizə]n.肥料frequency ['fri:kwənsi]n.频率;频繁fresh [freʃ]a.新的,新鲜的;新颖的;(水)淡的frighten ['fraitn]vt.吓唬;使惊恐frugal ['fru:gəl]a.节约的,俭朴的fulfil [ful'fil]vt.(=fulfill)履行,实现;满足,使满意function ['fʌŋkʃən]n.功能;重大聚会(宴会);函数,随他物变化而变化的事物vi.起作用,运行fundamental [`fʌndə'mentl]a.基本的,根本的n.基本原理(原则)furious ['fjuəriəs]a.狂怒的,猛烈的;强烈的,激烈的gaze [geiz]vi./n.凝视,盯,注视generate ['dʒenəreit]vt.发生,产生;导致,引起genuine ['dʒenjuin]a.真正的,真实的;真诚的gloomy ['glu:mi]a.阴沉的;忧郁的;令人失望的glorious ['glɔ:riəs]a.光荣的;辉煌的;令人愉快地,极好的glue [glu:]n.胶水,胶vt.胶合governor ['gʌvənə]v.聚焦;集中于n.焦点;中心fold [fəuld]v.折叠,折起n.折页;折痕forbid [fə'bid]vt.禁止;不许;阻止forecast ['fɔ:kɑ:st]vt./n.预测,预报foremost ['fɔ:məust]a.最初的,最前的forfeit ['fɔ:fit]n.罚金,罚款forgive [fə'giv]v.原谅,宽恕former ['fɔ:mə]a.以前的;在前的n.前者fortunate ['fɔ:tʃənit]a.幸运的,侥幸的frame [freim]n.框架;构架vt.给...装框子;陷害,诬告;制定,表达freeze [fri:z] v.结冰,冻结n.冻结;冰冻期grip [grip]vt./vi.紧握,抓紧;吸引住..的注意n.紧握,抓牢;控制,掌握gross [grəus]a.总的;毛重的;严重的,显著的;粗俗的,粗野的;臃肿的n.总额vt.获得...的总收入gymnasium [dʒim'neizjəm]n.(缩gym)体育馆,健身房haggle ['hægl]vi.讨价还价;争论不休halt [hɔ:lt]v./n.停止;止步handful [hændful]n.一把;少数,一小撮handle ['hændl]n.柄,把手,拉手vt.触,摸;操纵;处理,应付,对待handy ['hændi]a.手边的;近便的,方便的;手巧的harmony ['hɑ:məni]n.和谐,融洽;调和haste [heist]n.匆忙,急速,仓促vi./vt.赶快,匆忙hatred ['heitrid]n.敌意,憎恨,仇恨hazard ['hæzəd]n.危险;冒险vt.冒...的风险;尝试着做(提出) n.总督,省长,美国州长;主管人员,理事,董事grace ['greis]n.优雅,优美;宽限;(pl.)风度,魅力vt.使优美,给...增光graceful ['greisfəl]a.优美的,优雅的grant [grɑ:nt]vt.同意,准许;授予n.授予物grasp [grɑ:sp]v./n.抓住;理解,掌握grateful ['greitful]a.感激的;感谢的gratitude ['grætitju:d]n.感激,感谢grave [greiv]a.严肃的,庄重的;严重的n.坟墓gravity ['græviti]n.重力,地心引力;庄重;严肃greedy ['gri:di]a.贪吃的,贪婪的;渴望的grieve [gri:v] vt.使悲伤,使伤心hyperinflation [`haipə(:)rin'fleiʃən]n.恶性通货膨胀ideal [ai'diəl]n.理想;理想的东西a.理想的,完美的;想象的,空想的;唯心的identify [ai'dentifai]vt.认出,鉴定;认为...等同于,认为...一致idle ['aidl]a.闲置的;懒散的;无用的,无效的vi.懒散;虚度ignorant ['ignərənt]a.愚昧的,无知的;不知道的illicit [i'lisit]a.非法的,禁止的illiterate [i'litərit]n./a.文盲(的)illustrate ['iləstreit]vt.说明;图解,例解immense [i'mens]a.巨大的,广大的immigrant ['imigrənt]n.移民,侨民a.(从国外)移来的,移民的immunity [i'mju:niti]n.优惠;免除;豁免,豁免权impatient [im'peiʃənt]a.急躁的,不耐烦的;热切的,急切的implication [`impli'keiʃən]n.含意,暗示headquarters ['hed`kwɔ:təz]n.司令部,指挥部;总部heal [hi:l]vt./vi.治愈,愈合,恢复健康;调停,消除分歧等heap [hi:p]n.(一)堆;许多vt.堆,堆起heighten ['haitn]v.加高,提高hesitate ['heziteit]vi.犹豫,迟疑;不情愿;含糊,支吾hinder ['hində]v.阻止,妨碍hint [hint]n.暗示,提示;细微的迹象;建议vt.暗示,示意homesick ['həumsik]a.想家的horizontal [`hɔri'zɔntl]a.横的,水平的hospitality [`hɔspi'tæliti]n.好客;殷勤hostile ['hɔstail]a.敌方的;敌意的,敌对的humble ['hʌmbl]a.谦卑的;地位或职务低下的;简陋的,低劣的vt.降低,贬抑;使卑下inevitable [in'evitəbl]a.不可避免的,必然发生的infant ['infənt]n.婴儿,幼儿a.婴儿的;幼稚的;初期的infer [in'fə:]vt.推论,推理inferior [in'fiəriə]a.次的,低劣的;下级的n.下级,下属inflate [in'fleit]vt.使通货膨胀,使物价上涨influential [`influ'enʃəl]a.有影响的;有势力的inhabitant [in'hæbitənt]n.居民,住户initial [i'niʃəl]a.最初的,开始的n.首字母injection [in'dʒekʃən]n.注射,打针,注入;注射剂injury ['indʒəri]n.损害,伤害;受伤处innocent ['inəsnt]a.无辜的,无罪的;天真的;无害的,没有恶意的innovation [`inəu'veiʃən]n.革新;新概念,新方法impose [im'pəuz]vt.强加;使负担;征税impress [im'pres]vt.使铭记;盖印,压印impressive [im'presiv]a.感人的,给人以深刻印象的incentive [in'sentiv]n.奖励,刺激,诱因incident ['insidənt]n.发生的事;事变independent [`indi'pendənt]a.独立的,自主的;无偏见的,中立的;不关联的,无关的indicate ['indikeit]vt.指出,表示;表明indignant [in'dignənt]a.愤慨的,愤愤不平的indispensable [`indis'pensəbl]a.不可缺少的,必需的indulgence [in'dɔldʒəns]n.付款延期industrious [in'dəstriəs]a.勤劳的,勤奋的inefficient [`ini'fiʃənt]a.效率低的insult [in'sʌlt]vt./n.侮辱,凌辱insure [in'ʃuə]vt.保证;给...保险integrate ['intigreit]v.成为一体,使合并;求...的积分intellectual [`inti'lektʃuəl]n.知识分子a.智力的intend [in'tend]vt.打算,意欲;打算使...成为,想让...做intense [in'tens]a.强烈;热烈的intensive [in'tensiv]a.加强的,深入细致的;集中的intention [in'tenʃən]n.意图,意向,目的interaction [`intər'ækʃən]n.相互作用,相互影响;干扰interfere [`intə'fiə]vi.干涉,干扰;妨碍intermediary [`intə'mi:diəri]n.中间商,中间人a.中间的intermediate [`intə'mi:diət]a.中间的;居中的;中级的n.中间物,媒介物input ['input]n.输入,投入;输入物vt.输入inquire [in'kwaiə]vt.(=enquire)询问,打听inscribing [in'skraibiŋ]n.注册;买或卖股票;登记insert [in'sə:t]vt.插入,嵌入insist [in'sist]v.坚持;坚决主张inspect [in'spekt]vt.视察;检查inspire [in'spaiə]v.鼓励,鼓舞;使产生灵感installment [in'stɔ:lmənt]n.分期付款;分期收款install [in'stɔ:l]vt.(=instal)安装,设置;使就职,任命instinct ['instiŋkt]n.本能,直觉;天性institute ['institju:t]n.协会,学会;学院;研究所vt.设立,设置,建立instruct [in'strʌkt]vt.教,教授;指导,指示;通知instrument ['instrumənt]n.仪器;工具;乐器insufficient [`insə'fiʃənt]a.不足的,不够的jam [dʒæm]v.压紧,被夹住;堵塞,拥挤;卡住不动;挤人n.果酱;阻塞,拥挤;卡住jealous ['dʒeləs]a.妒忌的,嫉妒的;羡慕的;猜疑的;精心守护的joint [dʒɔint]n.连接处;关节a.共有的;联合的;合资的journalist ['dʒə:nəlist]n.记者,新闻工作者junk [dʒʌŋk]n.无用,无价值的东西,废物;(中国的)帆船vt.丢弃,废弃junior ['dʒu:niə]a.年少的;后进的,下级的;(年级、职位等)较低的;(美国四年制大学)三年级的n.年少者,晚辈;下级;三年级学生justice ['dʒʌstis]n.正义,公正;司法justify ['dʒʌstifai]vt.认为有理;证明正当keen [ki:n] internal [in'tə:nl]a.内部的;国内的;内心的interpret [in'tə:prit]v.解释,说明;口译interrupt [`intə'rʌpt]v.中断,打断;阻碍;打岔,插嘴interval ['intəvəl]n.间隔;间歇;(工间、课间)休息interview ['intəvju:]n.接见;面试;访问vt.接见,会见,访问;面试invade [in'veid]vt.侵占;侵略;侵犯invalid [in'vælid]a.病弱的,有病的;供病人用的;无效的,失效的,作废的n.病人,伤病员inventory ['invəntəri]n.存货清单;商品清单invest [in'vest]v.投资;投入(时间精力等);授予,赋予investigate [in'vestigeit]vt.调查,调查研究invisible [in'vizəbl]a.看不见的,无形的involve [in'vɔlv]vt.卷入,陷入;连累;包括isolate ['aisəleit]vt.孤立,隔离leisure ['leʒə]n.空闲;悠闲,安逸lessen ['lesn]v.减少;减轻;贬低lest [lest]conj.唯恐;以免liable ['laiəbl]a.易于...的,有...倾向的;有义务的,有法律责任的;可能的,大概的liberal ['libərəl]a.大方的,宽容的;自由的,思想开明的;自由主义的license ['laisəns]n.(=licence)许可证;执照v.准许,认可likely ['laikli]a.可能的,有希望的;适合的ad.很可能likewise ['laikwaiz]ad.同样地,照样地;又,也,而且limb [lim]n.肢,臂,腿;树枝link [liŋk]a.锐利的;敏锐的;热心的;激烈的,强烈的kneel [ni:l]vi.跪着,下跪lag [læg]vi.落后,走得太慢n.滞后,时间上的间隔launch [lɔ:ntʃ]v.使(船)下水;发射;发动,开展;使开始从事n.发射,下水,新产品投产layoff ['lei'ɔ:f]n.临时解雇;关闭;停歇layout ['leiaut]n.布局;设计league [li:g]n.联盟;社团leak [li:k]v.渗漏;泄漏n.漏洞lean [li:n]v.倾斜;依靠,靠在...上a.瘦的,无脂肪的leap [li:p]vi.跳,跃;飞跃,跃进;急速行动,冲n.跳,跳跃;激增,突变leasehold ['li:shəuld]n.租赁,租约;租赁权;租赁期a.租(来)的leave [li:v]v.离开;留下;遗忘,丢下;听任;交给n.同意,许可;假期,准假legal ['li:gəl]a.合法的;正当的legend ['ledʒənd]n.传说,传奇;传奇人物manipulate [mə'nipjuleit]vt.操作,使用(机器等)操纵(人或市价,市场等),控制,影响manner ['mænə]n.方式,方法;态度,举止;风度,礼貌,规矩manual ['mænjuəl]a.手工的,体力的n.手册,指南manufacture [`mænju'fæktʃə]vt.(大量)制造,加工n.制造,制造业;产品margin ['mɑ:dʒin]n.页边空白,边缘;余地;价差,利润marine [mə'ri:n]a.海的,海上的;航海的;海上的,海事的;海军的n.海军陆战队士兵marvelous ['mɑ:viləs]a.(=marvellous)奇迹般的,了不起的;妙极的mask [mɑ:sk]n.面具,口罩,防护面具;假面具,伪装vt.用面具n.环,链环;联系,连接vt.连接,联系load [ləud]n.负载,负担v.装载;装满,使负担local ['ləukəl]a.地方的,本地的;局部的n.当地人,本地人locate [ləu'keit]vt.找到...位置,使...坐落于;把...设置在loss [lɔs]n.丧失;损失;亏损;输loyalty ['lɔiəlti]n.忠诚,忠心luggage ['lʌgidʒ]n.行李luxurious [lʌg'zjuəriəs]a.奢侈的,豪华的luxury ['lʌkʃəri]n.豪华,奢侈,奢华;奢侈品macroeconomics [`mækrəu`i:kə'nɔmiks]n.宏观经济学magic ['mædʒik]n.魔术;魔法a.魔术的;有魔力的magnetic [mæg'netik]a.有磁性的;有吸引力的magnificent [mæg'nifisnt]a.壮丽的,宏伟的;华丽的,豪华的;极好的maintenance ['meintinəns]n.保持;维修,保养;抚养费majority [mə'dʒɔriti]n.大多数;过半数merchant ['mə:tʃənt]n.商人mercy ['mə:si]n.怜悯,宽恕,仁慈;恩惠,幸运merge [mə:dʒ]v.合并;吞没,消失;结合,使合为一体mess [mes]n.混乱,杂乱,脏乱;麻烦;肮脏的人(东西) vt./vi.弄脏,弄乱microscope ['maikrəskəup]n.显微镜mild [maild]a.温暖的,暖和的;温和的,和善的,柔和的;轻微的,不严重的military ['militəri]a.军事的,军用的minimum ['miniməm]n.最小量,最小限度a.最小的,最低的遮住,遮盖;掩饰,掩盖mass [mæs]n.团,堆;大量;质量;(pl.)群众,大众masterpiece ['mɑ:stəpi:s]n.名著,杰作matter ['mætə]n.物质,物体;事情,问题,情况;麻烦事,毛病vt.有关系,要紧mature [mə'tjuə]a.成熟的;成年人的;考虑周到的;到期的v.成熟maximum ['mæksiməm]n.最大限度a.最大的,最高的means [mi:nz]n.方法,方式,手段;金钱,财产meantime ['mi:n'taim]n.其时,其间ad.当时,与此同时meanwhile ['mi:n(h)'wail]ad.当时,与此同时measure ['meʒə]n.尺寸;量具,计量;度量,测量;措施,办法vt./vi.测量,计量;度量;有...长(宽、高等)mechanic [mi'kænik]n.技工,机械工;力学,机械学mediator ['mi:dieitə]n.调解人;中介人medium ['mi:diəm]n.中间;媒介;方法,手段;渠道;居中,适中;新闻媒介 a.中间的memorial [mi'mɔ:riəl]a.纪念的,追悼的n.纪念碑(堂),纪念仪式mend [mend]vt.修理,修补;缝补;改正,改进merchandise ['mə:tʃəndaiz]n.商品,货物motive ['məutiv]a.发动的,运动的n.动机,目的,动因mount [maunt]v.登上,爬上,骑上;安装n.山,峰;支架,底座,底板mourn [mɔ:n]v.哀痛,哀悼;对...感到痛心multinational [mʌlti'næʃənl]a.多国的;跨国的n.跨国公司multiple ['mʌltipl]a.多样的,多重的,多倍的n.倍数multiples ['mʌltipləz]n.跨国公司multiply ['mʌltiplai]v.使相乘;增加;繁殖minor ['mainə]a.较小(少)的;次要的n.辅修学科v.辅修minute ['minit,mai'nju:t]n.分钟;片刻;会议记录a.微细的,微小的;详细的miracle ['mirəkl]n.奇迹;奇事;令人惊奇的人、事miserable ['mizərəbl]a.悲惨的,痛苦的;令人难受的(痛苦的) misfortune [mis'fɔ:tʃən]n.不幸,灾难;厄运,逆境mission ['miʃən]n.使团;使命,任务mobile ['məubail]a.活动的;机动的,流动的;多变的,易变的n.移动电话mode [məud]n.方式,样式modest ['mɔdist]a.谦逊的,谦虚的;适中的,适度的;害羞的modify ['mɔdifai]vt.更改,修改;修饰moist [mɔist]a.潮湿的monitor ['mɔnitə]n.班长;监视(听)器;显示器v.监视,监听;监控;检测monopoly [mə'nɔpəli]n.垄断;专卖,独家经营;垄断商品,专卖商品mood [mu:d]n.心境,情绪;语气(语法)moral ['mɔrəl]a.道德上的;有道德的n.寓意;道德,品行mortgage ['mɔ:gidʒ]n.抵押;抵押契据vt.抵押(借款) odd [ɔd]a.奇数的;单个的;零头的;古怪的;临时的n.可能性,机会offend [ə'fend]v.得罪;使厌恶;违反,违犯omit [əu'mit]vt.省略,删去;遗漏;忽略operation [`ɔpə'reiʃən]n.操作,运转;手术;军事行动,活动;数学运算opponent [ə'pəunənt]n.对手,敌手;反对者a.对立的,对抗的oppose [ə'pəuz]v.反抗,反对opposite ['ɔpəzit]a.相反的;对面的n.相反的事物,对立面prep.在...murder ['mə:də]n./v.谋杀,凶杀mutual ['mju:tʃuəl]a.相互的;共同的mysterious [mi'stiəriəs]a.神秘的;可疑的nationality [`næʃə'næliti]n.国籍;民族necessity [ni'sesiti]n.必需,急需;(pl.)必需品negative ['negətiv]a.否定的;消极的;负的,阴性的n.负数;底片neutral ['nju:trəl]a.中立的;中性的nonsense ['nɔnsəns]n.胡说,废话;冒失的行动,胡闹nuisance ['nju:sns]n.讨厌的人或事,麻烦事numerous ['nju:mərəs]许多的,众多的object ['ɔbdʒikt]n.物体;对象;目标;宾语vi.反对,拒绝objective [ɔb'dʒektiv]a.客观的;兵格的n.目标,任务oblige [ə'blaidʒ]vt.迫使,责成;施恩于observe [əb'zə:v]v.观察;遵守,奉行;评述obstacle ['ɔbstəkl]n.障碍,障碍物obtain [əb'tein]v.获得,得到occasion [ə'keiʒən]n.场合;时机;重大活动;起因,理由vt.引起occasional [ə'keiʒənəl]a.偶然的,不时的occupy ['ɔkjupai]vt.占领,占有;使忙碌overhead ['əuvə`hed]a./ad.在头顶上n.经常费用,管理费用overhear [`əuvə'hiə]vt.从旁听到,偶然听到overlook [`əuvə'luk]vt.俯视;没注意到;宽容overnight [`əuvə'nait]ad.一夜间;突然地a.一整夜的;突然的,似乎一夜之间出现的overseas [`əuvə'si:z]ad.在海外,在国外a.海外的,国外的overtake [`əuvə'teik] 的对面oppress [ə'pres]vt.压迫,压制;使心情沉重,使烦恼optimistic [`ɔpti'mistik]a.乐观的option ['ɔpʃən]n.选择权;选择;供选择的事物(人),选课organ ['ɔ:gən]n.器官;机构;风琴;新闻媒介,宣传工具origin ['ɔridʒin]n.起源,由来;血统ornament ['ɔ:nəmənt]n.点缀品,装饰品;点缀,装饰vt.装饰,点缀,美化otherwise ['ʌ0əwaiz]ad.以另外方式;在其他方面conj.否则,不然outcome ['autkʌm]n.结果,结局outline ['autlain]n.提纲,概要;轮廓vt.概括,概述;描...外形,描...轮廓output ['autput]n.产量,生产额;输出功率vt.输出(信息/数据等) outskirts ['autskə:ts]n.郊区,边界outstanding [aut'stændiŋ]a.杰出的;突出的,显著的;未解决的,未偿还的overall ['əuvərɔ:l]a.总体的;全面的,全部的n.工装裤,工作服ad.总的来说overcome [`əuvə'kʌm]vt.战胜,克服;压倒,使受不了overdraw [`əuvə'drɔ:]vt.透支,超支overdue [`əuvə'dju:]a.过期的;过期未付的peculate ['pekjuleit]vt.挪用公款;盗用;贪污peculiar [pi'kju:ljə]a.独特的;奇怪的,异常的peep [pi:p]vi.偷看,窥视penalty ['penlti]n.惩罚;罚金penetrate ['penitreit]v.穿透;渗入;了解,洞察;刺入,刺穿pension ['penʃən]n.养老金;抚恤金vt.发给...养老金vt.追上,赶上,超过;袭击;(暴风雨/麻烦等)突然降临pace [peis]n.步子;速度;节奏v.踱步pack [pæk]v.包装;挤满n.包;一群,一副paint [peint]v.上油漆;绘,画;描绘n.油漆;颜料palm [pɑ:m]n.手掌;棕榈vt.把...藏于手掌中panic ['pænik]n.恐慌,惊慌vt./vi.使恐慌,使惊慌失措parade [pə'reid]n.游行;检阅v.游行;列队行进paradise ['pærədais]n.天堂parallel ['pærəlel]a.平行的;类似的;并列的n.平行线;可相比的事物,相似处partial ['pɑ:ʃəl]a.部分的;局部的;偏心的participate [pɑ:'tisipeit]vi.参与,参加passage ['pæsidʒ]n.过道;(时间)流逝;(文章的)一节,一段;经过,通过passion ['pæʃən]n.激情,热情;酷爱;激怒,大怒passive ['pæsiv]a.被动的;消极的paste [peist]n.浆糊;面团vt.粘,贴pastime ['pɑ:staim]n.消遣,娱乐pat [pæt]vt./vi.轻拍;抚摩n.轻拍,抚摸patent ['peitənt, 'pætənt]n.专利(权)patron ['peitrən]n.资助人,赞助人;老顾客;主顾popularity [`pɔpju'læriti]n.普及,流行;名望portable ['pɔ:təbl]a.轻便的,手提式的portion ['pɔ:ʃən]n.部分,一份vt.把...分给,分配portrait ['pɔ:trit]n.肖像,画像positive ['pɔzətiv] perceive [pə'si:v]vi.察觉;认识到,意识到perform [pə'fɔ:m]v.做,履行;表演permanent ['pə:mənənt]a.永久的,持久的permission [pə'miʃən]n.允许,许可permit [pə'mit]v.允许,许可n.执照,许可证persist [pə'sist]vt.坚持,执意;持续personnel [`pə:sə'nel]n.(总称)人员,员工;人事部门perspective [pə'spektiv]n.透视画法,透视图;前景;看法,观点persuade [pə'sweid]vt.劝说,说服;使相信pessimistic [`pesi'mistik]a.悲观(主义)的phase [feiz]n.阶段,时期;方面;相,相位vt.分阶段实行(计划) phenomenon [fi'nɔminən]n.现象;非凡的人,特殊的事物physical ['fizikəl]a.身体的;物质的;物理学的plain [plein]a.平常的,简单的;易懂的;真诚的n.平原platform ['plætfɔ:m]n.平台,讲台;站台;(政党的)宣言,纲领plot [plɔt]n.小块地;阴谋;故事情节vt.密谋,策划;绘制...的平面图poisonous ['pɔiznəs]a.有毒的,有害的;恶毒的,刻毒的polish ['pɔliʃ]v.擦亮,磨光;修改,使优美n.擦光剂,上光蜡pollutant [pə'lu:tənt]n.污染物质press [pres]v.压,按,榨;逼迫n.新闻界,出版业;压榨机;压,按;印刷机prestige [pres'ti:ʒ]n.信誉,威望,声望previous ['pri:vjəs]a.先,前;先前的primarily ['praimərili]ad.首先;主要地。
GCT词汇熟记,4天完成你的英语
华章GCT备考讲义张宇词汇讲义华章MBA培训中心内部资料禁止翻印GCT 最高频词精讲第一讲近形词辨析(一)1. rise上升,上涨,增加raise举起;种养;提问;募集arise发生,出现arouse激起,唤起2. adapt使适应adjust 使适应;调整adopt采用;收养3. assist帮助,援助consist 由……组成resist抵制,抵抗insist坚持要求;坚持认为persist 坚持继续exist存在4. assure向……保证;使放心ensure确保insure保险5. transmit传播,传输,传送submit呈交,递交;屈服,让步permit允许;许可证commit 干(坏事);承诺,承担责任admit承认;允许……进入emit散发,放出omit 省略;遗漏6. transfer 转换,调动;转移transmit 传播,传送,传输transform 改变,把……变成transact交易,办理transport运输transplant移栽,移植7. consume 消费,消耗;吃掉resume重新开始,恢复assume假定,预设presume假定,预设8. release发布;释放reveal揭示;显示relieve减轻,缓解9. receive收到;接待deceive欺骗,蒙蔽perceive发觉,察觉10. wonder想知道;奇怪wander徘徊;精神恍惚hinder 妨碍,阻止murder谋杀,凶杀shoulder担负,肩负11. confirm确证,证实conform 符合;遵守reform改革;改造inform通知,告发perform 执行,做;表现;表演transform改变,转变;使……变成12. flash闪烁;闪现clash碰撞;碰撞声crush 压碎;压垮crash撞击,撞向;坠毁smash 打碎,粉碎13. assemble集合,集会;装配resemble相像gamble赌博,投机tremble发抖,颤抖humble谦卑的,卑贱的14. distribute分发;分布;分销attribute把……归于contribute 贡献;导致;投稿15. expose暴露impose强加;加税dispose处理掉compose组成,构成oppose反对,对抗propose提议,建议suppose 如果,假如16. maintain维持;维修,保养;主张retain保留,留住;持有sustain撑住,抵御;持续contain含有,包含entertain 使娱乐;款待obtain弄到17. reserve预定;储备,储量deserve应得,值得preserve保存,保鲜conserve保护,节约observe观察;遵守18. converse 交谈reverse 倒退;逆转;背面的diverse多种多样的19. explore 探索;研究;考察exploit 开采,开发;剥削explode 爆炸,爆发;激增explain解释,说明20. cancel取消conceal隐瞒;隐藏concern关注,关心;关系到concept观念,理念,概念concrete 具体的,有形的第二讲近形词辨析(二)21. aspect方面;样子inspect检查,视察suspect怀疑expect期望;预料prospect前景,未来respect 尊敬;问候,敬意speculate思索,推测,投机spectacle场面,景象,眼镜perspective观点,看法22. late晚的,迟的later后来latest最晚的;最新的lately最近,近来the latter (两者中)后者23. constant时常发生的,经常的;恒定的instant 立即的,即刻的distant遥远的,久远的24. conscious 清醒的,有知觉的conscience良知,良心cautious谨慎的25. effort努力affect 影响effect 影响,效果effective有效的efficient高效的sufficient充足的, 充裕的26. refine提炼,精练define给……下定义,限定27. general总的;一般的generous慷慨的,大方的genius天才generate产生28. dense稠密的tense紧张的intense强烈的,剧烈的intensive密集的;深入细致的extensive 广阔的, 广泛的immense巨大的29. contact接触,联系contract订合同,承包;合同contrast对比,对照,差异contest比赛,竞赛content内容;满足的,满意的controversy争论contrary相反的30. review回顾;复习revive振兴,重振revise修订,修改reverse背面的,相反的;逆转revenge报复,复仇revolt反抗,起义31. live活的;现场直播的living活着的;现存的alive活着的(表语)lively生动的;逼真的32. attract吸引,诱惑contract 承包;收缩;合同subtract 减掉,减去33. virtue美德,优点virtual实质上的;虚拟的virus 病毒,害处virgin未开垦过的34. distinct明显的;清晰的extinct灭绝的,绝种的instinct本能35. apply 申请;适用于;应用reply回答,答复imply暗示,意味supply供应;提供36. clarify澄清,阐明classify分类,分级identify识别出;视为相同qualify 使合格,使有资格specify 详细说明,使具体化terrify使害怕,使惊恐justify使……有理由,为……辩护37. access 通道;接近权,享用权assign 委派;分配(任务)assess 评估(财产、价值等)asset 资产38. describe 描写,描述;形容prescribe开药方;规定39. inhabit居住于,栖息于inherit继承40. tend往往是;看护,料理attend出席,参加;照顾,护理extend 延长,延伸;扩展intend打算,想要pretend假装,装扮41. exceed超过,超越proceed行进;继续succeed 成功;继任,继位42. decline谢绝;下降,衰落incline使倾向于underline 强调;给……下划线deadline 最后期限discipline纪律;训练;学科headline大字标题;新问提要outline 提纲;轮廓43. theme主题extreme 极端的;极端supreme至高的,最高的44. depress使沮丧,压抑express表达;特快的impress留下印象suppress镇压;查禁45. external外部的;外面的internal 内部的;里面的export出口,输出import进口,输入46. literary文学的,从事写作的literate 有文化的,识字的liberal自由的;开明的47. involve使卷入;牵涉到revolve使旋转resolve决心;解决dissolve使溶解;解散48. expend 消费,花费expand膨胀;扩大suspend 推迟,暂停;悬挂49. appreciate感激;欣赏,赏识approximate 近似,接近;大约的calculate 计算;打算circulate流通;循环communicate交流,沟通;通讯compensate赔偿,补偿concentrate集中corporate 合作,配合,协作coordinate使协调;并列的decorate 装饰,装璜demonstrate演示,示范;证明50. estimate估计,估价evaluate评价,评估fluctuate波动,起伏illustrate举例说明;加插图,图解imitate模仿,仿效integrate使一体化;使结合在一起liberate 解放,释放negotiate谈判,交涉originate起源于;首创participate参与,参加penetrate 渗入,穿透regulate管制,调节stimulate刺激;激励tolerate 容忍,默许violate 违犯,违背第三讲近义词辨析51. mark标记,记号sign征兆,迹象symbol象征,代表signal信号label标签trace线索,踪迹spot斑点,现场stain圬渍,弄脏52. extend延伸,扩展stretch伸展,拉长prolong延长postpone 推迟,延期delay 延误, 阻止53. enforce使论点有力;强制执行strengthen 增强,强化reinforce加固,增援enlarge放大,扩建expand扩张,扩大54. expensive昂贵的costly代价大的;贵重的valuable有价值的precious珍贵的priceless无价的55. compare比较;比做contrast对比显示差别distinguish区别,区分separate 分开;单独的,分开的isolate隔离56. damage损坏,损伤ruin毁灭spoil宠坏;搅乱harm危害,有害injure使受伤hurt使伤心wreck机、船失事57. replace取代substitute用……代替……trade用……换得……exchange交换58. deny 否认;拒绝给deprive剥夺reject断然拒绝decline谢绝,婉拒ignore不理睬;不顾;忽视neglect疏忽,没留意到59. artificial人造的false虚假的,错误的manual 手动的,人力的fake仿制的,赝品的faulty 劣质的,不完善的counterfeit伪造的,假的60. empty空的,无物的;空洞的blank空白的;茫然的vacant 空缺的;空闲的hollow 中空的margin 页边的空白vacuum真空bald秃头的bare 光秃的;赤裸的61. recover康复;找回restore复原;恢复resume重新开始,继续62. rival竞争对手,敌手enemy敌人companion同伴,伴侣partner合作者;搭档63. path小路,小径;途径route路线,线路lane小巷;车(航)道orbit天体轨道track跑道;轨道;轨迹64. wage 工资(体力劳动)salary薪水(按月/年;专业人员)revenue(国家、企业)收入income(家庭、个人)收入65. disturb打扰,打乱interrupt 打断,中断interfere 干涉,干预;干扰66. chase追逐,追捕;驱赶pursue追捕;追求;从事seek寻找,探索;企图trace追踪track跟踪,追踪67. remove 脱掉;移开delete删除withdraw收回;撤退;提款abandon放弃;抛弃discard丢弃68. tend 照料,看护;往往tame驯服,制服;顺从的breed繁殖,饲养;滋生cultivate 栽培;培养feed喂食;向……供给68. spare备用的;空闲的extra计划外的,额外的additional另外的,附加的69. origin 起源,由来;血统source出处,源头root根源70. element要素;元素substance物质matter物体;事情;要紧issue发布;一期;难题event大事件;比赛项目accident事故,意外incident插曲,小意外affair事务71. previous先前的former前任的;前者prior优先的;在前的72. range变动范围;知识范围scope 营业范围;余地73. ripe成熟的mature成熟的74. scarce缺乏的;不足的rare 罕见的;珍贵的75. fluid流动的,不固定的flowing流淌着的;飘扬的afloat漂浮着的fluent流利的76. assemble聚集,机会summon召集,传唤collect收集,搜集77. alone单独的;单单lonely孤独的,寂寞的single单身的;单一的unique独一无二的sole唯一的,仅有的78. mark 一分,分数grade成绩,分数score比赛得分;评分credit 学分79. routine惯例,例行公事habit (个人)习惯custom(社会)习俗tradition 传统convention守旧;惯例procedure流程,步骤process过程80. site选址;(活动)地点spot现场;约定地点location位置region地区,地带district 区域;行政区zone (有某特点、用途)区域第四讲同根异义词辨析81. considerate体贴的,周到的considerable客观的,大量的82. continual频繁的continuous持续的,不间断的83. sensitive敏感的;灵敏的sensible英明的,明智的sensational轰动的,骇人听闻的84. economic经济上的economical 节约的,节省的85. imaginable可想像的,能想到的imaginary虚构的imaginative富有想象力的86. various各种各样的variable多变的,易变的87. favorite最爱的,喜爱的favorable有利的,适宜的88. industrial工业的,产业的industrious勤奋的,勤劳的89. respectable可敬的,令人尊敬的respectful有礼貌的respective各自的,分别的90. c omparable可比的;比得上的comparative相对的,比较的91. successful成功的successive相继的92. relative相对的,比较的relevant相关的,有关的93. electric电动的,电力的electrical电学的,电的94. visible可见的,有形的visual视觉的,视力的95. passion激情,热情compassion同情,怜悯第五讲重点短语1. 介词短语in turn依次;反过来in return作为回报in advance事先,预先in public当众的,公开地in private私下地in person亲自,本人in vain徒劳in earnest认真地in fact 事实上in addition 另外,而且in common共有的,共同的in detail 详细的in part部分地in time适时地,及时地in a sense从某种意义上说in the face of不顾,面对in the light of按照, 根据in the event of如果发生,万一in case of 万一发生in spite of尽管in favor of赞成,支持in honor of为纪念in terms of就……而说in charge of负责,掌管in front of 在……前方in proportion to与……成比例in relation to涉及,关于i n step with与……步调一致in line with跟……一致,符合in accordance with 依据,与……一致on purpose故意on average平均,通常on sale出售;贱卖on earth究竟,到底on the spot在现场on the whole大体上on the contrary相反on second thoughts进一步考虑后on good terms有良好关系on account of 由于,因为on the ground of基于……的理由on a large/ small scale大(小规模)地by chance/ by accident偶然地,不小心地by mistake错误地by blood/ origin论血缘,论出身by nature天性上by the way顺便地,顺便说by no means绝不by all means无论如何,务必by means of借助于for the sake of为了……的利益for good 永久地for the better向好的方向发展at first 起先,起初at last 最后,终于at least 至少,起码at most 最多,顶多at large 未被捕的,自由的at length详细地at stake 危如累卵,危险的at random随机的,任意的at hand 在手边的, 在附近的, 即将到来的at a loss不知所措at intervals以……间隔at the sight of 一看见at the thought of一想起at the cost of以……为代价at one’s disposal由某人支配,供某人使用2. 动词短语make out the outline of the mountain辨认出make for the exit 向……走去make up the majority 组成make up for the lost time/the loss 弥补cut off the electricity/conversation 切断cut down the expenses 减少cut across抄近道cut in插嘴,插话carry out a plan/a policy/an experiment 执行carry on reading 继续carry over the rest goods 贮存(货物等)供下一季供应run down sb. in the back 诽谤run down the battery 被用完run into difficulty/debts遇到run over his notes/the reports浏览run out of the money 用完The thief broke away from the policeman. 逃离,脱离A fire/war/fight break out.爆发His lecture/the relationship breaks off. 中断,中止Our English will break through. 突破The ice breaks up in the spring. 裂开Atoms break up when tensely heated. 分解The meeting broke up at midnight. 结束His car broke down on his way home. 出故障,崩溃take over the company/the job 接管take up space/time 占据take up a new hobby, English 开始从事take in what you said/students 理解,欺骗take on responsibilities 承担take on more staff 雇佣take after his father in every way 相似,相象put out a fire/light 熄灭put up a notice张贴put up a tent 搭建put off a conference 推迟put up with the noise outside 忍受put forward a new proposal 提出come across my former teacher, an old picture 遇到,偶然碰见come out (news/book ~) 公开,出版come about How does it ~ that your answers are identical to mine?发生come (a)round after operation 苏醒come up with a new idea 想出,提出turn up the radio 开大He hasn’t turned up yet. 露面turn down the music关小turn down his application for the job 拒绝turn out to be wrong 证明是turn out the new model cars 生产turn over the company to me 转交,移交turn to a consultant 求助于call for equality/intensive care 要求,需要call off the meeting 取消call on the government/sb 呼吁/拜访call at the construction site 访问call up the public to join in the campaign号召lay out a plan 计划,安排lay down a new regulation 制定,立法lay off some staff 解雇lay in some food 储存,囤积set about contacting the company 开始做,着手处理set off/set out before dark 出发,启程set back the traffic延缓,阻断set aside some money every month 留出,拨出fall out ~ with each other over the education of the child 争吵fall through A plan/A policy ~ 落空;失败fall back to bank account 求助于,依靠fall behind落后get across the plan 使人理解get by 通过;逃脱get over difficulties/ fear 恢复,克服get at his secrecy 得到;查明get down to his business 开始go off (食)变质;断电go by what your supervisor says 遵守go by appearance 根据……判断go into details of the occurrence 研究,探讨go over his notes/the account 浏览;检查。
GCT英语核心词汇 解析(二)
GCT英语核心词汇解析(二) 41.collapse基本含义及用法1、倒坍;坍陷The unexpected rainstorm caused the collapse of the roof.突然来临的暴风雨把屋顶刮塌了。
The roof of the old house collapsed.这座旧房子的房顶坍了。
2、突然病倒;突然失败;(价格等)暴跌the collapse of plans 计划失败3、衰竭;衰弱;突然体力不支a state of near collapse 体力近乎崩溃The old man collapsed in the street.ncollapse复习提醒:未见于历年真题42.collide with基本含义及用法vi.(车等)碰撞;(意志等)冲突,抵触(with)In running round the corner, he collided with another man.在跑过拐角时,他撞上另一个人。
If the aims of two countries collide,there may be war.如果两国的目标冲突,就可能发生战争。
复习提醒:1、关注该短语中的介词搭配:with2、2003年阅读理解中曾经出现于正文43.commerceN. 商业、贸易domestic commerce 国内贸易foreign commerce 对外贸易词性转化:commercial:1、商业的commercial depression商业萧条commercial company贸易公司2、商品化的;商用的commercial iron 商品铁以获利为目的的;质量低劣的commercial artist: 受大众欢迎的艺术家commercialismn.商业主义,商业精神,商业习惯;商业文体[用语]commercialistn.商业家,商业主义者;营利主义者44.comfortN.1、安乐;舒适;安逸He lived in comfort. 他过得很舒服。
gct英语语法考点总结
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gct英语语法讲解
gct英语语法讲解这里对GCT英语的语法进行了详细的讲解,简单易懂。
下面是小编给大家整理的gct英语语法,供大家参阅!gct英语语法:动词动词的基本分类have; do; be(1)助动词will would ;may might; can could; must; need; shall should;ought to; dare注意:特殊情态动词:would rather, would sooner; would (just) as soon; had better, had sooner; can not but; may (just) as well.情态动词在虚拟语气中的含义及其用法。
(2)实意动词及物动词:transitive verb可以直接跟宾语,且必须有宾语。
We reached the railway station at noon.I believe that the committee will consider our suggestion.Our suggestion will be considered by the committee.不及物动词:intransitive verb有宾语,需搭桥。
We arrived at the railway station at noon.Listen to me.无宾语,亦可以。
Birds fly. The sun rises.动词的基本时态、语态的构成形式及其用法;一般现在时(主谓一致):现在进行时:现在完成时(重点):某一个动作的完成对现在会产生影响用现在完成时,他不表示具体的时间一般将来时:将来进行时;将来完成时一般过去时:过去进行时;过去完成时(重点):过去的过去是过去完成时注意:现在进行时表示将来:一般现在时表示将来:主动语态:被动语态:非谓语动词的构成及其用法形式:To do (to have done; to be done; to be doing; to have been doing)Doing (having done; being done; having been doing)否定在having前加notDonegct英语语法形容词副词形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成及其用法;1.as+adj/adv+as或not so(as)+adj/adv+as.句型。
gct英语语法知识
gct英语语法知识掌握GCT英语语法的学习步骤,才能够在考试之中超常发挥。
下面是店铺给大家整理的gct英语语法_,供大家参阅!gct英语语法考点1、 reduce sb.to是固定搭配,其中to为介词,后跟动名词,意为“使某人陷入……困境”,例如:Misfortunes reduced the poor peasant to selling his daughter to the landlord.接连不断的不幸迫使那个可怜的农民把女儿卖给地主。
2、catch作“当场破获,发觉,撞见(某人)做某事(尤指坏事)”讲时,后面常接“名词(代词)+现在分词”,例如:I caught the boys stealing apples from my garden.我撞见那些孩子们偷我园中的苹果。
You won't catch me doing that again! 我再也不会干那种事了。
3、动词know后面既不能接动名词,也不能接不定式作宾语,但动词know后面可以接“疑问词+不定式”的结构,例如:Nobody knows how to operate the new machine.没有人知道怎样操作这台新机器。
He doesn't know what to say before the VIP.他不知道在那位大人物面前该说些什么。
do with意为“处理,对付(deal with)”。
4、be to have done结构表示“本来打算做完某事”,强烈地暗示“事实上没有做某事”,这是一种特殊的虚拟语气,相当于intend to have done或plan to have done,but did not do ln fact,但实际上没做。
5、if虚拟语气用在条件句中表示对过去的假设,从句使用过去完成时,主句使用“would(should,could,might)+have done”,例如:If the facts had been collected earlier, we would have had more time to study them.如果这些材料早些时候搜集到,我们就会有更多的时间对其进行研究了。
英语GCT核心词汇(一)
GCT核心词汇(一)1. abund anta.(in)丰富的,大量的,充足的:abundant supplies of oil 石油供应充足2. academica.①学院的,学校的:the academic year 学年②学术的:The question is purely academic.3. accentn. 口音,重音v. 强调4. accessn.①通路,入口:access to the mountain 到达山峰的通路②接近,进入:We gained access into the house through the window.have/gain access to 有机会,可以获得5. achievementn.①完成,达到(目的),实现:the achievement of one's object 达到目的②成就,成绩,成功:scientific achievements科学成就.6. addvt. 添加,增加:Three added to four makes seven.add up to 合计达,意味着addition n.(增)加,加法,附加物in addition另外,加之7. additionala.附加的,额外的,另外的:additional charge 附加费8. admissionn.①准许进入,准许加人:No admission after 5 P. m. ②承认,供认:She made an admission that she had lied.③人场费,入场券:Admission $10.9. agencyn.代理行,代办处,经销店:an employment agency职业介绍所10. ancienta. ①古代的:ancient civilizations 古代文明②年老的,古老的:an ancient city 一座古城11. appearvi. ①出现,暴露:A car suddenly appeared round the corner. ②好像是,仿佛,似乎:Everyone appear s (to be) well prepared.appearance n. ①出现,露面:He is making his first appearance at a local theatre. ②外表,外貌:Don't judge by appearance.12. applyvi./vt. ①请求,申请:Last year he applied to return to his own village.②应用,运用:Apply as much force as is necessary. 需要多少力量就用多少力量。
英语单词
同类词汇/词形变异
accessible:
The resort is easily accessible by road, rail and air. (Be reached easily)
17. It is stated in the passage that Russia and China _______ .
A. ordinary telephone service is available everywhere
B. people prefer mobile phone to ordinary telephones
复习提醒
08. adapt
基本含义及其用法
1、顺应、适应To make suitable to or fit for a specific use or situation. (使适合,使适应某种特定用法或状况; )
adapt to
使适应;使适合
adapt oneself to
He adapted himself to the cold weather/ the change.
这只表走得准么?(表走得是否准,暗含有人工校对的意思)
correct 为一般用语, 指“正确的”, 如:
He gave correct answers to the questions.
他对这些问题提出了正确的答案。
exact 表示“确切的”,“精确无误的”,指“与事实完全相符”, 如:
His answer is quite exact.
GCT英语串讲班讲义(4)
第⼀部分词汇复习重点词汇和固定⽤法⼀、近义(形)词注:n—noun v—verb a—adjective av—adverb conj--conjunction21. comprise包含 contain包含、包容 embrace拥抱、包含 include包括(⾮主要部分,有附带之意) 22. conceive构思、揣想 deceive欺骗 perceive感知 feel觉得 acquire获得、习得 23. constant⼀成不变的 continuous连续不断的 continual持续、频繁的(可有停顿) steady稳定不变的 content满⾜的a.、满⾜v.、内容,内容物n. 24. debate辩论 dispute争论、争执 quarrel争吵 argue争论、证明、劝说 bargain讨价还价 discuss讨论 25. detain扣留 delay耽搁 sustain承受 linger徘徊 postpone推迟 26. discard丢弃、抛弃 discharge卸下发射 dispose处理(也可能再利⽤,⽽不是扔弃) 27. dump倾卸、倾倒 eliminate根除、排除 28. disturb扰乱、妨碍、使不安 interrupt中断、插嘴 interfere⼲涉、⼲预 bother烦扰、打搅(北京安 通学校提供) 29. dot⼩圆点 spot污点、地点n,弄污v point点、观点、意义n,指出v stain污染n,沾染v dirt污垢 30. employ剥削、利⽤ abuse滥⽤ 31. enforce强迫、厉⾏ execute执⾏、实施 practice练习、开业 perform执⾏、表演 exert发挥、施加影响 32. extra额外的、外加的 additional增加的、追加的 spare多余的、空闲的 33. extreme极端的、偏激的 extensive⼴泛的、⼴博的 expansive可膨胀的、可扩充的 intensive密集的、精进的 expensive昂贵的(北京安通学校提供) 34. fairly相当地、公平地 finely精美地 gently⽂雅地、轻轻地 greatly⾮常 35. grave严肃的a grieve使伤⼼、使痛苦 groan呻吟 grease抹油 36. hamper妨碍、牵制(使受拖累) handicap妨碍、使不利 obstacle障碍n(跟to) block阻塞 hinder阻碍、打扰 37. immense⼴⼤的、巨⼤的a commerce商业n commence开始v condense浓缩v 38. lame跛⾜的a lime⽯灰n limb四肢n limp蹒跚v,柔软的a lane⼩路、车道n lawn草坪n 39. crazy发狂的、疯狂的 enthusiastic狂热、热情的 mad发疯的 passionate热烈的、易怒的 40. annoyed使⽣⽓的 provoking令⼈愤怒的、难熬的 fierce凶猛的、猛烈的 furious狂怒的、激烈的 intense强烈的、紧张的 irritate激怒、使发怒。
GCT整理单词
GCT考试英语单词核心词汇总accuse [ə'kju:z]vt.谴责,指责;(of)控告,告发accustomed [ə'kʌstəmd]a.惯常的,通常的;(to)习惯于...的,适应了的achieve [ə'tʃi:v]vt.完成,达到(目的);得到,获得acquaintance [ə'kweintəns]n.(with)熟悉,熟知,相识,了解;熟人,相识的人acquire [ə'kwaiə]vt.取得,求得,获得,学得actual ['æktʃuəl,'æktjuəl]a.现实的,实际的,事实上的;现在的,目前的acute [ə'kju:t]a.严重的,激烈的;敏锐的了;锐的,尖的;(疾病)急性的adapt [ə'dæpt]vt.使适应;改编;改写vi.(to)适应additional [ə'diʃənl]a.追加的,附加的;另外的address [ə'dres]n.通讯处,地址;致词,讲话vt.向...致词(说话);在(信封或包裹上)写姓名地址,致函adequate ['ædikwit]a.充足的,足够的;适当的,胜任的adjust [ə'dʒʌst]vt.(to)调整,调节;整理,使合适administration [əd`minis'treiʃən]n.经营,管理,支配;管理部门,行政机关,政府;实行,执行admire [əd'maiə]vt.钦佩;羡慕;赞赏;称赞,夸奖admit [əd'mit] affiliate [ə'filieit]vt./vi.(使...)加入,联合;(to,with)使隶属(附属)于n.附属公司;分公司afford [ə'fɔ:d]vt.(与can,could,be able to连用)买得起,花得起(时间);提供,给予agency ['eidʒənsi]n.代理行,代办处,经销店;(政府等的)专业行政部门agent ['eidʒənt]n.代理人,代理商,经纪人;政府特工人员,政府代表;动因,原因;剂aggression [ə'greʃən]n.侵略,进攻aid [eid]vt.帮助,援助n.帮助,救护;助手,辅助物,辅助手段alarm [ə'lɑ:m]n.警报,警报器,警铃;惊恐,忧虑vt.向...报警;使惊慌,使不安,惊吓alienation [`eiljə'neiʃən]n.转让,让渡alike [ə'laik]a.(常作表语)相似的,同样的,相像的allocation [`ælə'keiʃən]n.分配;拨款(权)alter ['ɔ:ltə]v.改变,变更amateur ['æmətə:]a.业余的;非职业的;外行的n.业余爱好者,业余运动员;外行vt./vi.准许...进来,准许...加入;(to)承认,供认adopt [ə'dɔpt]vt./vi.采用,采纳,采取;正式通过,批准;收养(子女)advance [əd'vɑ:ns]vi.前进;取得进展;(价格等)上涨;促进,推进,助长vt.预先发放,预先支付;提前,使提前发生;提出(建议等) n.前进,进展,发展;预付;提前adventure [əd'ventʃə]n.冒险,奇遇;冒险活动advisable [əd'vaizəbl]a.明智的;可取的;适当的advertise [`ædvətaiz]vt.为...做广告,宣传;(在报刊、电视、广播等中)公告,公布affect [ə'fekt]vt.影响affection [ə'fekʃən] n.喜爱,慈爱,感情,爱慕之情annuity [ə'nju(:)iti]n.年金;养老金anticipate [æn'tisipeit]vi.预料,期望;先于...行动;提前使用apart [ə'pɑ:t]ad.离去,分开;(空间、时间)成距离,相隔;除去apparent [ə'pærənt]a.(to)显然的,明显的;表面上的,外表的,貌似(真实)的appeal [ə'pi:l]vi.(to)呼吁,恳求;(against)申诉;(to)求助于,诉诸于n.(to)要求,呼吁;上诉,申诉;吸引力amaze [ə'meiz]v.使惊奇,使惊叹ambition [æm'biʃən]n.雄心,野心;期望得到的东西ambulance ['æmbjuləns]n.救护车,救护船,救护飞机amendment [ə'mendmənt]n.修正;赔款amuse [ə'mju:z]v.逗乐;给...提供娱乐analysis [ə'næləsis]n.分析;分析报告ancestor ['ænsistə]n.祖宗,祖先;原型,先驱ancient ['einʃənt]a.古代的;古老的annoy [ə'nɔi]vt.使烦恼,使生气;打扰annual ['ænjuəl]a.每年的,年度的n.年刊,年鉴awful ['ɔ:ful]a.极坏的;可怕的;极度的;感到难过的,不舒服的awkward ['ɔ:kwəd]a.笨拙的;尴尬的;棘手的Bban [bæn]n./vt.禁止,禁令,取缔bankrupt ['bæŋkrʌpt]n.破产者vt.使破产a.破产的;彻底缺乏的bare [beə]a.赤裸的,光秃的;仅有的vt.裸露,露出barrier ['bæriə]n.栅栏;障碍;关卡beforehand [bi'fɔ:hænd]appetite ['æpitait]n.食欲,胃口;欲望applicable ['æplikəbəl]a.(to)可适用的,可实施的;适当的,合适的appraisal [ə'preizəl]n.评价,估量,估价approach [ə'prəutʃ]vi./vt.(to)靠近,接近n.接近;途径;方法appropriate [ə'prəupriit]n.拨出(款项等);占用,挪用a. (to)适当的,恰当的approve [ə'pru:v]vt./vi.(of)赞成,赞同;批准,对...表示认可artificial [`ɑ:ti'fiʃəl]a.人造的,人工的;人为的,矫柔造作的aspect ['æspekt]n.方面;外表;(建筑物的)朝向,方向assemble [ə'sembl]vt./vi.集合;装配assessment [ə'sesmənt]n.评估;确定金额asset ['æset]n.有价值的人,优点,长处;(pl.)资产,财产assign [ə'sain]vt.(to)指派,指定;(to)分配;指定(时间、地点等) assume [ə'sju:m]vt.假定,设想;承担,担任,就职;呈现,具有,采取astonish [əs'tɔniʃ]vt.使惊讶,使吃惊attorney [ə'tə:ni]n.代理人;律师authority [ɔ:'θɔriti] ad.预先,事先behalf [bi'hɑ:f]n.利益,方面bid [bid]v.投标;命令,吩咐;说(问候的话);祝愿;n.出价,报价block [blɔk]n.块;街区;障碍物;大楼,一排房屋vt.阻塞,封锁boast [bəust]v.(of,about)自夸,夸耀;有...可以夸耀,自豪地拥有n.自夸,自吹自擂bold [bəuld]a.大胆的;冒失的;黑体字的bond [bɔnd]n.契约;结合物,粘结剂;债券bonus ['bəunəs]n.奖金;红利;额外津贴boom [bu:m]n.低沉的隆隆声;营业等的激增,经济迅速发展vi./vt.雷、炮等发出隆隆声;兴隆,迅速发展border ['bɔ:də]n.边;边界,国界v.给...加上边,围;与...接壤(毗邻) bore [bɔ:]vt.使厌烦;钻(孔)打眼,凿通n.令人厌烦的人或事;孔,孔道bound [baund]a.必定的;受约束的,有义务的;准备到...去的,开往...的vi.跳跃,跳跃着前进;跳回,反弹vt. 成为...的界限,给...划界限n. 分界线,边界;界限,范围boundary ['baundəri]n.权力;权威,专家;行政管理机构,当权者;(pl.)当局available [ə'veiləbl]a.现成可使用的,在手边的,可利用的;可以见到的,随时可来的award [ə'wɔ:d]vt.颁奖,授予n.奖,奖品burst [bə:st]v.使爆炸;(in,out)突然发生;(芽、蕾等)绽开n.爆炸;裂口,决口by-business ['bai`biznis]n.副业,兼职by-law ['bailɔ:]n.公司章程;细则,附则byproduct ['bai`prɔdəkt]n.副产品Ccabinet ['kæbinit]n.橱柜;政府内阁campaign [kæm'pein]n.战役;运动vi.参加运动,参加竞选candidate ['kændideit]n.报考者;候选人capture ['kæptʃə]vt.捉拿;俘获;夺取n.俘获,俘虏;战利品,俘虏物casual ['kæʒjuəl]a.偶然的;随便的;临时的,不定期的;不经意的,随便的caution ['kɔ:ʃən]n.小心,谨慎;警告,告诫;注意事项v.警告,劝某人小心;告诫n.分界线;边界bribe [braib]v.贿赂,向...行贿n. 贿赂,行贿bride [braid]n.新娘bureau ['bjuərəu] n.(机构的)局,部,办事处coarse [kɔ:s]a.粗糙的;粗俗的collapse [kə'læps]v./n.倒塌;崩溃;(价格)暴跌;倒闭,破产collective [kə'lektiv]a.集体的;共同的n.集体,团体commission [kə'miʃən]n.委任状;授权,委托;佣金,回扣;委员会vt.委托,委任commit [kə'mit]vt.犯(错、罪);(oneself)使承担义务;(to)把...交托给,把...提交给committee [kə'miti]n.委员会,全体委员commodity [kə'mɔditi]n.日用品;商品community [kə'mju:niti]n.社区,社会;团体,共同体;(动植物的)群落compel [kəm'pel]vt.强迫compensate ['kɔmpenseit]v.(损坏)赔偿,补偿;抵消complaint [kəm'pleint]n.抱怨,诉苦;申诉;疾病complex ['kɔmpleks]a.复杂的,难懂的;综合的n.综合企业,综合体;情cease [si:s]v.停止,结束cement [si'ment]n.水泥;胶粘剂vt.粘接;巩固centigrade ['sentigreid]n./a.摄氏温度(的);百分度的characteristic [`kæriktə'ristik]a.特有的,典型的n.特征,特性charge [tʃɑ:dʒ]v.索价;控告;充电n.费用;指控;充电,电荷charming ['tʃɑ:miŋ]a.可爱的,迷人的chase [tʃeis]vt./n.追猎,追赶chilly ['tʃili]a.寒冷的chore [tʃɔ:]n.(pl.)家庭杂务circulate ['sə:kjuleit]v.循环;流通;流传civilization [`sivilai'zeiʃən]n.文明,文化;开化client ['klaiənt]n.委托人;顾客clue [klu:]n.线索;思路;暗示conflict ['kɔnflikt, kən'flikt]n.抵触;争执;冲突vi.冲突,抵触confront [kən'frʌnt]v.迎面遇到,遭遇;勇敢地面对,正视;使对质,使当面对证confuse [kən'fju:z] 节complicated ['kɔmplikeitid]a.复杂的,难懂的其compose [kəm'pəuz]v.由...组成;写作,作曲;使平静,使镇静compound ['kɔmpaund]a.复合的;合成的n.化合物;复合词(句) vt.使恶化,加重;使化合,使合成comprehensive [`kɔmpri'hensiv]a.综合的,广泛的;有理解力的,理解的compress [kəm'pres]vt.压缩,浓缩;摘要叙述compromise ['kɔmprəmaiz]n./vi.妥协,折衷vt.危及,放弃(原则,理想等) conceal [kən'si:l]v.隐藏,隐瞒;对...保密condemn [kən'dem]vt.谴责;宣判condense [kən'dens]v.凝结;压缩;精简conduct ['kɔndəkt, kən'dʌkt]n.举止,行为v.处理;引导;导电,传热confess [kən'fes]v.承认,坦白;忏悔confirm [kən'fə:m] vt.证实,批准;使更坚固counter ['kauntə]n.计算器;柜台a./ad.相反的v.对抗,反驳counterfeit ['kauntəfit]v./n.伪造,假冒n.假货,伪造品critical ['kritikəl]a.决定性的,关键性的;批评的,批判的;危急的,紧要的cruel ['kruəl]vt.搞乱,使混乱;使困惑,把...弄胡涂;混淆,把...混同congress ['kɔŋgres]n.(代表)大会,正式会议;国会conscience ['kɔnʃəns]n.良心conscious ['kɔnʃəs]a.有意识的;头脑清醒的;自觉的consent [kən'sent]vi./n.同意;答应consequence ['kɔnsikwəns]n.后果,影响;重要性conservative [kən'sə:vətiv]a.保守的n.保守的人;保守派considerate [kən'sidərit]a.考虑周到的;体谅的consolidation [kən`sɔli'deiʃən]n.企业合并constant ['kɔnstənt]a.始终如一的;经常的;不变的,固定的n.常数,恒量constitution [`kɔnsti'tju:ʃən]n.宪法;体质;构成consult [kən'sʌlt]vt.商量;请教,找...商议;参考(地图),查看(词典) contemporary [kən'tempərəri]a.当代的;同时代的n.同时代人,同辈contract ['kɔntrækt, kən'trækt]n.合同,契约;包工v.订合同;缩短,缩写contradiction [`kɔntrə'dikʃən]n.矛盾;反驳convention [kən'venʃən]n.公约;习俗;大会a.残酷的,残忍的cultivate ['kʌltiveit]vt.耕作;栽培;培养cunning ['kʌniŋ]a.狡猾的,狡诈的curb [kə:b]n.场外证券市场,场外交易vt.制止,抑制cure [kjuə]vt.纠正;治愈n.治愈;疗法,良药currency ['kʌrənsi]n.货币;通用,流通Cdash [dæʃ]v.猛冲,飞奔;浇,泼,溅n.猛冲,突进;破折号dealer ['di:lə]n.买卖人,商人;经销商,证券商debate [di'beit]n./v.讨论;辩论deceive [di'si:v]v.欺骗,蒙骗decent ['di:snt]a.正派的;体面的,得体的;宽厚的,大方的deduct [di'dʌkt]v.扣除;减去default [di'fɔ:lt]n.不负责;缺席;拖欠v.不履行,不负责任;缺席,不到案;拖欠债务defects [di'fekt]n.不合格品deficit ['defisit]n.亏空,亏损;赤字,逆差delegation [`deli'geiʃən]n.代表团delicate ['delikit]conventional [kən'venʃənl]a.惯例的,常规的;传统的,规范的convert [kən'və:t]vt.使转变,使转化;使...改变信仰convey [kən'vei]vt.搬运,运送(旅客、货物等);传达(消息,思想等);传播(声音等)convince [kən'vins]vt.使信服,使确信cope [kəup]vi.对付;妥善处理costly ['kɔstli] a.昂贵的;代价高的demonstrate ['demənstreit]v.证明;演示;示威游行;现实,表露dense [dens]a.密的,密集的;密度大的deposit [di'pɔzit]vt.使沉淀,使沉积;存放,寄放;储蓄n.存款;押金;沉淀depreciation [di`pri:ʃi'eiʃən]n.折旧;价值下降deprive [di'praiv]vi.剥夺,使丧失derive [di'raiv]v.从...得到;源自desert ['dezət]n.沙漠vt.遗弃;擅自离开deserve [di'zə:v]vt.应受;值得design [di'zain]v.设计,构思;预定,指定n.设计(图样),构思;图谋,企图;图样,图案desirable [di'zaiərəbəl] a.娇嫩的;精细的;微妙的;易碎的,脆弱的delight [di'lait]v.使欣喜,使高兴n.快乐,高兴;使人高兴的东西(人) deliver [di'livə]vt.投递,送交;发表;分娩;给予(打击等);解救,拯救democracy [di'mɔkrəsi]n.民主政治,民主主义的;民主国家;民主,民主制draft [drɑ:ft]n.草稿;汇票;征兵,服役;通风,气流vt.起草,草拟;征募dread [dred]n./v.害怕,恐惧due [dju:]a.预定的;应给的,应得的;到期的;应有的dumb [dʌm]a.哑的;沉默的dump [dʌmp]vt.倾倒;倾销n.垃圾堆durable ['djuərəbl]a.持久的,耐久的duration [djuə'reiʃən]n.持久;持续时间earnings ['ə:niŋz]n.(常pl.)收入,收益;利润earnest ['ə:nist]a.诚挚的,认真的,热心的efficiency [i'fiʃənsi]n.效率;功效elementary [`eli'mentəri]a.基本的;初级的,初等的elevator ['eliveitə]a.值得拥有的,值得向的;有利的,可取的desperate ['despərit]a.(因绝望而)不顾一切的,孤注一掷的;绝望的,危急的;极向往的,极需要的destruction [dis'trʌkʃən]n.破坏;消灭devalue [di:'vælju:]n.贬值digest [di'dʒest,'daidʒest]vt.消化(食物);领会n.文摘,摘要diligent ['dilidʒənt]a.勤奋的,用功的discharge [dis'tʃ:dʒ]vt.允许...离开,释放,解雇;放出,排出,发射;释放;卸(货),下(车) n.放出;排出;放出,放电;卸(货),下(客)discipline ['disiplin]n.训练,训导;纪律,风纪;学科;惩罚,处分vt.训练,训导;惩罚,处罚disclose [dis'kləuz]vt.使显露;揭发,泄漏disguise [dis'gaiz]vt.化妆,假扮;隐瞒,掩饰;伪装n.伪装,隐瞒;用来伪装的东西(行动)dismiss [dis'mis]vt.免职,解雇;解散;不考虑;驳回,不受理dispute [dis'pju:t]v.争论,辩论n.争论,辩驳;争端dividend ['dividend]n.红利,股息;(pl.)回报,效益;被除数enthusiasm [in'θju:ziæzəm] n.电梯;升降机eliminate [i'limineit]vt.消灭,消除;淘汰embezzle [im'bezəl]vt.贪污,盗用;挪用(公款、公物等) emerge [i'mə:dʒ]vi.出现;显露,产生emergency [i'mə:dʒənsi]n.紧急情况,突然事件emit [i'mit]vt.发出,放射enclosure [in'kləuʒə]n.附件(随函);围墙,围栏encounter [in'kauntə]vt.遭遇到,遇上n.遭遇,遇到endure [in'djuə]v.忍耐,忍受;持续;持续enforce [in'fɔ:s]vt.实施,实行;强制执行engage [in'geidʒ]v.使从事;聘用;订婚enormous [i'nɔ:məs]a.巨大的,庞大的enterprise ['entəpraiz]n.事业心;企业,单位,公司;事业,计划entertain [`entə'tein]v.款待;娱乐extensive [iks'tensiv]a.广泛的,广博的;广阔的extent [iks'tent]n.程度,范围;广度,宽度,大小external [eks'tə:nl]a.外面的,外部的,外表的facility [fə'siliti]n.热情,热心;巨大兴趣,热衷的事物entitle [in'taitl]vt.给...权利;给...定名envy ['envi]n.嫉妒,羡慕;嫉妒的对象,羡慕的目标vt.(at,of)嫉妒,羡慕equality [i(:)'kwɔliti]n.同等,平等escape [i'skeip]vt./vi.逃跑;逃避;(液体等)泄漏,溢出n.逃跑evasion [i'veiʒən]n.逃避;偷漏(税)eventually [i'ventʃuəli]ad.终于,最后exceed [ik'si:d]vt.超过,胜过exclaim [iks'kleim]v.大声说,呼喊,惊叫exclude [iks'klu:d]vt.把...除外,不包括execute ['eksikju:t]vt.执行;处决executive [ig'zekjutiv]a.执行的,行政的n.执行者,行政官;总经理,董事exemption [ig'zempʃən]n.豁免,免税额exhaust [ig'zɔ:st]n.排气装置;废气vt.耗尽;使精疲力竭;详尽论述exhibit [ig'zibit]vt.展览,陈列;显示,显出n.展品expand [iks'pænd]vt./vi.扩大;扩张;膨胀expenditure [iks'penditʃə] n.(pl.)设施(备);便利,容易,方便faint [feint]a.模糊的,不清楚的;虚弱的,无力的;眩晕的vi.发晕,昏倒n.昏厥faithful ['feiθfəl]a.忠诚的,忠实的;如实的,可靠的;尽职的,责任心强的fake [feik]n.伪造品vt.伪造,假冒a.假的,伪造的,冒充的familiar [fə'miljə]a.熟悉的,通晓的;随便的,不拘礼仪的;冒昧的,放肆的famine ['fæmin]n.饥荒fare [feə]n.车(船)费v.过日子,进展fashion ['fæʃən]n.时髦,流行式样;方式fasten ['fɑ:sn]v.结牢,拴住;使固定fatal ['feitl]a.致命的,毁灭性的;重大的,决定性的fatigue [fə'ti:g]n.疲乏,劳累vt./vi.(使)疲劳faulty ['fɔ:lti]a.有错误的,有缺点的feasible ['fi:zibl]a.可行的feast [fi:st]n.节日;宴会v.设宴,参加宴会feature ['fi:tʃə]n.支出,开支;支出额,花费,费用expire [iks'paiə]v.满期,终止;去世,断气explode [iks'pləud]v.爆炸,爆发;激增,迅速扩大exploit ['iksplɔit]vt.剥削;利用;开发n.(pl.)业绩,功绩explore [iks'plɔ:]vt.勘探,探测;探察,探索explosive [iks'pləusiv]a.爆炸性的,易爆炸的;极易引起争论的n.炸药,爆炸物expose [iks'pəuz]vt.使暴露;(to)使处于...作用之下;揭露extend [iks'tend]vt.延长,延伸;扩大;给予vi.伸展,扩大,(在范围或应用上)达到,延续fierce [fiəs]a.凶猛的,残忍的;狂热地,极度的;猛烈的,强烈的figure ['figə]n.数字;轮廓;人物;图表;(pl.)算术,计算v.想出,领会到finance ['fainæns,fi'næns]n.财政(学),金融;(常pl.)财源,资金,财务情况vt./vi.资助,为...提供资金fiscal ['fiskəl]a.国库的;财政的;金融的;会计的flame [fleim]n.火焰,火苗flash [flæʃ]v.闪烁;闪现;掠过n.闪光,闪烁;闪光灯n.特征,特色;(pl.)容貌;特写,专题节目;故事片vt./vi.突出,由...主演;其重要作用,作为主要角色federal ['fedərəl]a.联邦的fee [fi:]n.费用;酬金;学费feedback ['fi:dbæk]n.反馈fertile ['fə:tail]a.肥沃的,富饶的,多产的;(想象力或创造力)丰富的fertilizer ['fə:tilaizə]n.肥料frequency ['fri:kwənsi]n.频率;频繁fresh [freʃ]a.新的,新鲜的;新颖的;(水)淡的frighten ['fraitn]vt.吓唬;使惊恐frugal ['fru:gəl]a.节约的,俭朴的fulfil [ful'fil]vt.(=fulfill)履行,实现;满足,使满意function ['fʌŋkʃən]n.功能;重大聚会(宴会);函数,随他物变化而变化的事物vi.起作用,运行fundamental [`fʌndə'mentl]a.基本的,根本的n.基本原理(原则)furious ['fjuəriəs]a.狂怒的,猛烈的;强烈的,激烈的gaze [geiz]vi./n.凝视,盯,注视generate ['dʒenəreit]flat [flæt]n.公寓住宅;一套房间a.平坦的;扁平的,挺直的;单调的,乏味的;价格固定的,收费统一的ad.平直的;直截了当的,断然地flexible ['fleksəbl]a.易弯曲的;灵活的flock [flɔk]n.一群(飞禽、牲畜);众多vi.群集,成群flourish ['flʌriʃ]v.繁荣;兴旺fluctuation [`flʌktju'eiʃən]n.波动;(价格)涨落fluent ['flu(:)ənt]a.流利的,流畅的focus ['fəukəs]v.聚焦;集中于n.焦点;中心fold [fəuld]v.折叠,折起n.折页;折痕forbid [fə'bid]vt.禁止;不许;阻止forecast ['fɔ:kɑ:st]vt./n.预测,预报foremost ['fɔ:məust]a.最初的,最前的forfeit ['fɔ:fit]n.罚金,罚款forgive [fə'giv]v.原谅,宽恕former ['fɔ:mə]a.以前的;在前的n.前者fortunate ['fɔ:tʃənit]a.幸运的,侥幸的frame [freim] vt.发生,产生;导致,引起genuine ['dʒenjuin]a.真正的,真实的;真诚的gloomy ['glu:mi]a.阴沉的;忧郁的;令人失望的glorious ['glɔ:riəs]a.光荣的;辉煌的;令人愉快地,极好的glue [glu:]n.胶水,胶vt.胶合governor ['gʌvənə]n.总督,省长,美国州长;主管人员,理事,董事grace ['greis]n.优雅,优美;宽限;(pl.)风度,魅力vt.使优美,给...增光graceful ['greisfəl]a.优美的,优雅的grant [grɑ:nt]vt.同意,准许;授予n.授予物grasp [grɑ:sp]v./n.抓住;理解,掌握grateful ['greitful]a.感激的;感谢的gratitude ['grætitju:d]n.感激,感谢grave [greiv]a.严肃的,庄重的;严重的n.坟墓gravity ['græviti]n.重力,地心引力;庄重;严肃greedy ['gri:di]a.贪吃的,贪婪的;渴望的grieve [gri:v] vt.使悲伤,使伤心hyperinflation [`haipə(:)rin'fleiʃən]n.框架;构架vt.给...装框子;陷害,诬告;制定,表达freeze [fri:z] v.结冰,冻结n.冻结;冰冻期grip [grip]vt./vi.紧握,抓紧;吸引住..的注意n.紧握,抓牢;控制,掌握gross [grəus]a.总的;毛重的;严重的,显著的;粗俗的,粗野的;臃肿的n.总额vt.获得...的总收入gymnasium [dʒim'neizjəm]n.(缩gym)体育馆,健身房haggle ['hægl]vi.讨价还价;争论不休halt [hɔ:lt]v./n.停止;止步handful [hændful]n.一把;少数,一小撮handle ['hændl]n.柄,把手,拉手vt.触,摸;操纵;处理,应付,对待handy ['hændi]a.手边的;近便的,方便的;手巧的harmony ['hɑ:məni]n.和谐,融洽;调和haste [heist]n.匆忙,急速,仓促vi./vt.赶快,匆忙hatred ['heitrid]n.敌意,憎恨,仇恨hazard ['hæzəd]n.危险;冒险vt.冒...的风险;尝试着做(提出) headquarters ['hed`kwɔ:təz] n.恶性通货膨胀ideal [ai'diəl]n.理想;理想的东西a.理想的,完美的;想象的,空想的;唯心的identify [ai'dentifai]vt.认出,鉴定;认为...等同于,认为...一致idle ['aidl]a.闲置的;懒散的;无用的,无效的vi.懒散;虚度ignorant ['ignərənt]a.愚昧的,无知的;不知道的illicit [i'lisit]a.非法的,禁止的illiterate [i'litərit]n./a.文盲(的)illustrate ['iləstreit]vt.说明;图解,例解immense [i'mens]a.巨大的,广大的immigrant ['imigrənt]n.移民,侨民a.(从国外)移来的,移民的immunity [i'mju:niti]n.优惠;免除;豁免,豁免权impatient [im'peiʃənt]a.急躁的,不耐烦的;热切的,急切的implication [`impli'keiʃən]n.含意,暗示impose [im'pəuz]vt.强加;使负担;征税impress [im'pres]vt.使铭记;盖印,压印impressive [im'presiv]a.感人的,给人以深刻印象的incentive [in'sentiv]n.司令部,指挥部;总部heal [hi:l]vt./vi.治愈,愈合,恢复健康;调停,消除分歧等heap [hi:p]n.(一)堆;许多vt.堆,堆起heighten ['haitn]v.加高,提高hesitate ['heziteit]vi.犹豫,迟疑;不情愿;含糊,支吾hinder ['hində]v.阻止,妨碍hint [hint]n.暗示,提示;细微的迹象;建议vt.暗示,示意homesick ['həumsik]a.想家的horizontal [`hɔri'zɔntl]a.横的,水平的hospitality [`hɔspi'tæliti]n.好客;殷勤hostile ['hɔstail]a.敌方的;敌意的,敌对的humble ['hʌmbl]a.谦卑的;地位或职务低下的;简陋的,低劣的vt.降低,贬抑;使卑下inevitable [in'evitəbl]a.不可避免的,必然发生的infant ['infənt]n.婴儿,幼儿a.婴儿的;幼稚的;初期的infer [in'fə:]vt.推论,推理inferior [in'fiəriə]a.次的,低劣的;下级的n.下级,下属inflate [in'fleit]vt.使通货膨胀,使物价上涨n.奖励,刺激,诱因incident ['insidənt]n.发生的事;事变independent [`indi'pendənt]a.独立的,自主的;无偏见的,中立的;不关联的,无关的indicate ['indikeit]vt.指出,表示;表明indignant [in'dignənt]a.愤慨的,愤愤不平的indispensable [`indis'pensəbl]a.不可缺少的,必需的indulgence [in'dɔldʒəns]n.付款延期industrious [in'dəstriəs]a.勤劳的,勤奋的inefficient [`ini'fiʃənt]a.效率低的insult [in'sʌlt]vt./n.侮辱,凌辱insure [in'ʃuə]vt.保证;给...保险integrate ['intigreit]v.成为一体,使合并;求...的积分intellectual [`inti'lektʃuəl]n.知识分子a.智力的intend [in'tend]vt.打算,意欲;打算使...成为,想让...做intense [in'tens]a.强烈;热烈的intensive [in'tensiv]a.加强的,深入细致的;集中的intention [in'tenʃən]n.意图,意向,目的influential [`influ'enʃəl]a.有影响的;有势力的inhabitant [in'hæbitənt]n.居民,住户initial [i'niʃəl]a.最初的,开始的n.首字母injection [in'dʒekʃən]n.注射,打针,注入;注射剂injury ['indʒəri]n.损害,伤害;受伤处innocent ['inəsnt]a.无辜的,无罪的;天真的;无害的,没有恶意的innovation [`inəu'veiʃən]n.革新;新概念,新方法input ['input]n.输入,投入;输入物vt.输入inquire [in'kwaiə]vt.(=enquire)询问,打听inscribing [in'skraibiŋ]n.注册;买或卖股票;登记insert [in'sə:t]vt.插入,嵌入insist [in'sist]v.坚持;坚决主张inspect [in'spekt]vt.视察;检查inspire [in'spaiə]v.鼓励,鼓舞;使产生灵感installment [in'stɔ:lmənt]n.分期付款;分期收款install [in'stɔ:l]vt.(=instal)安装,设置;使就职,任命instinct ['instiŋkt]n.本能,直觉;天性interaction [`intər'ækʃən]n.相互作用,相互影响;干扰interfere [`intə'fiə]vi.干涉,干扰;妨碍intermediary [`intə'mi:diəri]n.中间商,中间人a.中间的intermediate [`intə'mi:diət]a.中间的;居中的;中级的n.中间物,媒介物internal [in'tə:nl]a.内部的;国内的;内心的interpret [in'tə:prit]v.解释,说明;口译interrupt [`intə'rʌpt]v.中断,打断;阻碍;打岔,插嘴interval ['intəvəl]n.间隔;间歇;(工间、课间)休息interview ['intəvju:]n.接见;面试;访问vt.接见,会见,访问;面试invade [in'veid]vt.侵占;侵略;侵犯invalid [in'vælid]a.病弱的,有病的;供病人用的;无效的,失效的,作废的n.病人,伤病员inventory ['invəntəri]n.存货清单;商品清单invest [in'vest]v.投资;投入(时间精力等);授予,赋予investigate [in'vestigeit]vt.调查,调查研究invisible [in'vizəbl]a.看不见的,无形的involve [in'vɔlv]vt.卷入,陷入;连累;包括isolate ['aisəleit]institute ['institju:t]n.协会,学会;学院;研究所vt.设立,设置,建立instruct [in'strʌkt]vt.教,教授;指导,指示;通知instrument ['instrumənt]n.仪器;工具;乐器insufficient [`insə'fiʃənt]a.不足的,不够的jam [dʒæm]v.压紧,被夹住;堵塞,拥挤;卡住不动;挤人n.果酱;阻塞,拥挤;卡住jealous ['dʒeləs]a.妒忌的,嫉妒的;羡慕的;猜疑的;精心守护的joint [dʒɔint]n.连接处;关节a.共有的;联合的;合资的journalist ['dʒə:nəlist]n.记者,新闻工作者junk [dʒʌŋk]n.无用,无价值的东西,废物;(中国的)帆船vt.丢弃,废弃junior ['dʒu:niə]a.年少的;后进的,下级的;(年级、职位等)较低的;(美国四年制大学)三年级的n.年少者,晚辈;下级;三年级学生justice ['dʒʌstis]n.正义,公正;司法justify ['dʒʌstifai]vt.认为有理;证明正当keen [ki:n]a.锐利的;敏锐的;热心的;激烈的,强烈的kneel [ni:l]vi.跪着,下跪lag [læg] vt.孤立,隔离leisure ['leʒə]n.空闲;悠闲,安逸lessen ['lesn]v.减少;减轻;贬低lest [lest]conj.唯恐;以免liable ['laiəbl]a.易于...的,有...倾向的;有义务的,有法律责任的;可能的,大概的liberal ['libərəl]a.大方的,宽容的;自由的,思想开明的;自由主义的license ['laisəns]n.(=licence)许可证;执照v.准许,认可likely ['laikli]a.可能的,有希望的;适合的ad.很可能likewise ['laikwaiz]ad.同样地,照样地;又,也,而且limb [lim]n.肢,臂,腿;树枝link [liŋk]n.环,链环;联系,连接vt.连接,联系load [ləud]n.负载,负担v.装载;装满,使负担local ['ləukəl]a.地方的,本地的;局部的n.当地人,本地人locate [ləu'keit]vt.找到...位置,使...坐落于;把...设置在loss [lɔs]n.丧失;损失;亏损;输loyalty ['lɔiəlti]n.忠诚,忠心vi.落后,走得太慢n.滞后,时间上的间隔launch [lɔ:ntʃ]v.使(船)下水;发射;发动,开展;使开始从事n.发射,下水,新产品投产layoff ['lei'ɔ:f]n.临时解雇;关闭;停歇layout ['leiaut]n.布局;设计league [li:g]n.联盟;社团leak [li:k]v.渗漏;泄漏n.漏洞lean [li:n]v.倾斜;依靠,靠在...上a.瘦的,无脂肪的leap [li:p]vi.跳,跃;飞跃,跃进;急速行动,冲n.跳,跳跃;激增,突变leasehold ['li:shəuld]n.租赁,租约;租赁权;租赁期a.租(来)的leave [li:v]v.离开;留下;遗忘,丢下;听任;交给n.同意,许可;假期,准假legal ['li:gəl]a.合法的;正当的legend ['ledʒənd]n.传说,传奇;传奇人物manipulate [mə'nipjuleit]vt.操作,使用(机器等)操纵(人或市价,市场等),控制,影响manner ['mænə]n.方式,方法;态度,举止;风度,礼貌,规矩manual ['mænjuəl] luggage ['lʌgidʒ]n.行李luxurious [lʌg'zjuəriəs]a.奢侈的,豪华的luxury ['lʌkʃəri]n.豪华,奢侈,奢华;奢侈品macroeconomics [`mækrəu`i:kə'nɔmiks]n.宏观经济学magic ['mædʒik]n.魔术;魔法a.魔术的;有魔力的magnetic [mæg'netik]a.有磁性的;有吸引力的magnificent [mæg'nifisnt]a.壮丽的,宏伟的;华丽的,豪华的;极好的maintenance ['meintinəns]n.保持;维修,保养;抚养费majority [mə'dʒɔriti]n.大多数;过半数merchant ['mə:tʃənt]n.商人mercy ['mə:si]n.怜悯,宽恕,仁慈;恩惠,幸运merge [mə:dʒ]v.合并;吞没,消失;结合,使合为一体mess [mes]n.混乱,杂乱,脏乱;麻烦;肮脏的人(东西) vt./vi.弄脏,弄乱microscope ['maikrəskəup]n.显微镜mild [maild]a.温暖的,暖和的;温和的,和善的,柔和的;轻微的,不严重的military ['militəri]a.手工的,体力的n.手册,指南manufacture [`mænju'fæktʃə]vt.(大量)制造,加工n.制造,制造业;产品margin ['mɑ:dʒin]n.页边空白,边缘;余地;价差,利润marine [mə'ri:n]a.海的,海上的;航海的;海上的,海事的;海军的n.海军陆战队士兵marvelous ['mɑ:viləs]a.(=marvellous)奇迹般的,了不起的;妙极的mask [mɑ:sk]n.面具,口罩,防护面具;假面具,伪装vt.用面具遮住,遮盖;掩饰,掩盖mass [mæs]n.团,堆;大量;质量;(pl.)群众,大众masterpiece ['mɑ:stəpi:s]n.名著,杰作matter ['mætə]n.物质,物体;事情,问题,情况;麻烦事,毛病vt.有关系,要紧mature [mə'tjuə]a.成熟的;成年人的;考虑周到的;到期的v.成熟maximum ['mæksiməm]n.最大限度a.最大的,最高的means [mi:nz]n.方法,方式,手段;金钱,财产meantime ['mi:n'taim]n.其时,其间ad.当时,与此同时meanwhile ['mi:n(h)'wail]ad.当时,与此同时a.军事的,军用的minimum ['miniməm]n.最小量,最小限度a.最小的,最低的minor ['mainə]a.较小(少)的;次要的n.辅修学科v.辅修minute ['minit,mai'nju:t]n.分钟;片刻;会议记录a.微细的,微小的;详细的miracle ['mirəkl]n.奇迹;奇事;令人惊奇的人、事miserable ['mizərəbl]a.悲惨的,痛苦的;令人难受的(痛苦的) misfortune [mis'fɔ:tʃən]n.不幸,灾难;厄运,逆境mission ['miʃən]n.使团;使命,任务mobile ['məubail]a.活动的;机动的,流动的;多变的,易变的n.移动电话mode [məud]n.方式,样式modest ['mɔdist]a.谦逊的,谦虚的;适中的,适度的;害羞的modify ['mɔdifai]vt.更改,修改;修饰moist [mɔist]a.潮湿的monitor ['mɔnitə]n.班长;监视(听)器;显示器v.监视,监听;监控;检测monopoly [mə'nɔpəli]n.垄断;专卖,独家经营;垄断商品,专卖商品mood [mu:d]n.心境,情绪;语气(语法)measure ['meʒə]n.尺寸;量具,计量;度量,测量;措施,办法vt./vi.测量,计量;度量;有...长(宽、高等)mechanic [mi'kænik]n.技工,机械工;力学,机械学mediator ['mi:dieitə]n.调解人;中介人medium ['mi:diəm]n.中间;媒介;方法,手段;渠道;居中,适中;新闻媒介a.中间的memorial [mi'mɔ:riəl]a.纪念的,追悼的n.纪念碑(堂),纪念仪式mend [mend]vt.修理,修补;缝补;改正,改进merchandise ['mə:tʃəndaiz]n.商品,货物motive ['məutiv]a.发动的,运动的n.动机,目的,动因mount [maunt]v.登上,爬上,骑上;安装n.山,峰;支架,底座,底板mourn [mɔ:n]v.哀痛,哀悼;对...感到痛心multinational [mʌlti'næʃənl]a.多国的;跨国的n.跨国公司multiple ['mʌltipl]a.多样的,多重的,多倍的n.倍数multiples ['mʌltipləz]n.跨国公司multiply ['mʌltiplai]v.使相乘;增加;繁殖murder ['mə:də]n./v.谋杀,凶杀mutual ['mju:tʃuəl] moral ['mɔrəl]a.道德上的;有道德的n.寓意;道德,品行mortgage ['mɔ:gidʒ]n.抵押;抵押契据vt.抵押(借款) odd [ɔd]a.奇数的;单个的;零头的;古怪的;临时的n.可能性,机会offend [ə'fend]v.得罪;使厌恶;违反,违犯omit [əu'mit]vt.省略,删去;遗漏;忽略operation [`ɔpə'reiʃən]n.操作,运转;手术;军事行动,活动;数学运算opponent [ə'pəunənt]n.对手,敌手;反对者a.对立的,对抗的oppose [ə'pəuz]v.反抗,反对opposite ['ɔpəzit]a.相反的;对面的n.相反的事物,对立面prep.在...的对面oppress [ə'pres]vt.压迫,压制;使心情沉重,使烦恼optimistic [`ɔpti'mistik]a.乐观的option ['ɔpʃən]n.选择权;选择;供选择的事物(人),选课organ ['ɔ:gən]n.器官;机构;风琴;新闻媒介,宣传工具origin ['ɔridʒin]n.起源,由来;血统ornament ['ɔ:nəmənt]n.点缀品,装饰品;点缀,装饰vt.装饰,点缀,美化otherwise ['ʌ0əwaiz]a.相互的;共同的mysterious [mi'stiəriəs]a.神秘的;可疑的nationality [`næʃə'næliti]n.国籍;民族necessity [ni'sesiti]n.必需,急需;(pl.)必需品negative ['negətiv]a.否定的;消极的;负的,阴性的n.负数;底片neutral ['nju:trəl]a.中立的;中性的nonsense ['nɔnsəns]n.胡说,废话;冒失的行动,胡闹nuisance ['nju:sns]n.讨厌的人或事,麻烦事numerous ['nju:mərəs]许多的,众多的object ['ɔbdʒikt]n.物体;对象;目标;宾语vi.反对,拒绝objective [ɔb'dʒektiv]a.客观的;兵格的n.目标,任务oblige [ə'blaidʒ]vt.迫使,责成;施恩于observe [əb'zə:v]v.观察;遵守,奉行;评述obstacle ['ɔbstəkl]n.障碍,障碍物obtain [əb'tein]v.获得,得到occasion [ə'keiʒən]n.场合;时机;重大活动;起因,理由vt.引起occasional [ə'keiʒənəl]a.偶然的,不时的occupy ['ɔkjupai] ad.以另外方式;在其他方面conj.否则,不然outcome ['autkʌm]n.结果,结局outline ['autlain]n.提纲,概要;轮廓vt.概括,概述;描...外形,描...轮廓output ['autput]n.产量,生产额;输出功率vt.输出(信息/数据等) outskirts ['autskə:ts]n.郊区,边界outstanding [aut'stændiŋ]a.杰出的;突出的,显著的;未解决的,未偿还的overall ['əuvərɔ:l]a.总体的;全面的,全部的n.工装裤,工作服ad.总的来说overcome [`əuvə'kʌm]vt.战胜,克服;压倒,使受不了overdraw [`əuvə'drɔ:]vt.透支,超支overdue [`əuvə'dju:]a.过期的;过期未付的peculate ['pekjuleit]vt.挪用公款;盗用;贪污peculiar [pi'kju:ljə]a.独特的;奇怪的,异常的peep [pi:p]vi.偷看,窥视penalty ['penlti]n.惩罚;罚金penetrate ['penitreit]v.穿透;渗入;了解,洞察;刺入,刺穿pension ['penʃən]n.养老金;抚恤金vt.发给...养老金vt.占领,占有;使忙碌overhead ['əuvə`hed]a./ad.在头顶上n.经常费用,管理费用overhear [`əuvə'hiə]vt.从旁听到,偶然听到overlook [`əuvə'luk]vt.俯视;没注意到;宽容overnight [`əuvə'nait]ad.一夜间;突然地a.一整夜的;突然的,似乎一夜之间出现的overseas [`əuvə'si:z]ad.在海外,在国外a.海外的,国外的overtake [`əuvə'teik]vt.追上,赶上,超过;袭击;(暴风雨/麻烦等)突然降临pace [peis]n.步子;速度;节奏v.踱步pack [pæk]v.包装;挤满n.包;一群,一副paint [peint]v.上油漆;绘,画;描绘n.油漆;颜料palm [pɑ:m]n.手掌;棕榈vt.把...藏于手掌中panic ['pænik]n.恐慌,惊慌vt./vi.使恐慌,使惊慌失措parade [pə'reid]n.游行;检阅v.游行;列队行进paradise ['pærədais]n.天堂parallel ['pærəlel]a.平行的;类似的;并列的n.平行线;可相比的事物,相似处perceive [pə'si:v]vi.察觉;认识到,意识到perform [pə'fɔ:m]v.做,履行;表演permanent ['pə:mənənt]a.永久的,持久的permission [pə'miʃən]n.允许,许可permit [pə'mit]v.允许,许可n.执照,许可证persist [pə'sist]vt.坚持,执意;持续personnel [`pə:sə'nel]n.(总称)人员,员工;人事部门perspective [pə'spektiv]n.透视画法,透视图;前景;看法,观点persuade [pə'sweid]vt.劝说,说服;使相信pessimistic [`pesi'mistik]a.悲观(主义)的phase [feiz]n.阶段,时期;方面;相,相位vt.分阶段实行(计划) phenomenon [fi'nɔminən]n.现象;非凡的人,特殊的事物physical ['fizikəl]a.身体的;物质的;物理学的plain [plein]a.平常的,简单的;易懂的;真诚的n.平原platform ['plætfɔ:m]n.平台,讲台;站台;(政党的)宣言,纲领plot [plɔt]n.小块地;阴谋;故事情节vt.密谋,策划;绘制...的平面图poisonous ['pɔiznəs]。
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语法1、名词、代词的数和格的构成及其用法;这部分在往年真题里基本上没有考到,但我们还是需要注意以下问题:1)注意常用的不可数名词:information,news,furniture, physics, statistics data2) 注意修饰可数与不可数名词的量词:much,many,a few,a little3) 注意代词主格、宾格的区别:who,whom, whose2、动词的基本时态、语态的构成及其用法;时态:1) 各种时态的意义和表达形式2)体现不同时间的短语或成分3)时间成分中介词的不同时间指示:for,since,by语态:1)及物动词与不及物动词的区别2)动词短语不能拆开3)双宾语4)by,with, of from的区别3、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成及其用法;1)ed与ing形容词的区别2)等比句型既倍数:as…as+++times the + n + ofThis room is 4 times the size of the next door.The computer cost me 4 times the price of last one.3)不能用比较级和最高级规则:superior,inferior,prior, junior, senior (to)4、常用连接词、冠词的词义及其用法;特别注意体现句子间不同层次和前后关系的连接词5.非谓语动词1)跟动名词的动词和动词短语Enjoy, mind, suggest, finish, practice, admit, deny, put off, give up, be used to, look forward toMean to dodoinginvolve doing分词定语:Falling leaves burning house Fallen burned houseSurprising news exciting victory Surprised girl excited fansThere was a ______ look on her face when she saw Tim at the party. Surprising surprisedThe man killed in the accidentmurdering his wife状语:Seeing the police, he went away. Working in the countryside, we became good friends.Finishing my homework,I went thome. They came out, talking and laughing. Led by the Party, we won one victory after another宾补:I found the classroom cleaned.I found the students cleaning the classroom when I came in.Tell him to come to my office.I often hear him sing English songs.2)跟不定式和动名词意义不同的动词3)make,let, have后不定式做宾补不带to4)注意下列句子to be discussedThis is the problem discussed at the meeting yesterday.being discussed6、虚拟语气的构成及其用法;1)非真实条件句的三种形式过去: if 主句had done would have doneIf there had been no fog, the Titanic wouldn’t have sunk.现在: if 主句V+ed would dowereIf I were you, I would accept his proposal.If the earth stopped moving, what our life would be like?将来: if 主句Should doWere to do would doIf Taiwan should/were to declare independence, we would use forces immediately.2)条件句中省略if和替代if的规则3)混合式4) suggest insist propose require request order(Should) doHe made a suggestion at the meeting that a special committee be set up to investigate the matter.He ordered that the task be finished at once.7、各类从句的构成及其用法;2)定语从句:先行词关系词:关系代词:人who(whom, whose物which that关系副词Please show me the book whose cover is red.只用that的情况1.当先行词被only修饰2. 最高级,序数词修饰3. 当不定代词做先行词:something, nothing, anything, everything, allThis is ______ I want to know.that which what it只用which的情况1.非限制性定语从句Taiwan is part of China, which is known to all.2.介词+which引起定语从句This is the room in which we had English classes this summer.what与that的区别What=the thing thatall that4)in that与now that的区别The two brothers are similar in that they both like pop songs.Now that everyone is here, let’s start the class.That whatI believe that you are right.That Taiwan is part of China is known to all.I believe what you said.What you see here should be kept secret.5)一些疑问词后加ever也可以引导让步状语从句,意同no matter …Whatever, whenever, whichever, However difficult the problem is, we will solve it.Whatever you see here, please keep it secret.6)so…that与such…that的区别He ran so fast that I couldn’t catch up with him.Qingdao is so beautiful a city that people from all over the world come to visit it.Qingdao is such a beautiful city that people from all over the world come to visit it.3)providing(provided)that引导条件从句8、强调句型的结构及其用法;It is…that…I met an old friend in the park yesterday.Not until9、常用倒装句的结构及其用法1)否定副词,副词短语置于句首never seldom rarely by no means in no way under no circumstancesNever will I forget the day when I first came to Dongying.Under no circumstances will China first use its nuclear weapons.2)as引导让步状语Young as he is, he is capable.Try as he might, he failed.Hero as he is, he is not a good father.3)only置于句首Only in this way can we solve the problem.5)Hardly/scarcely had…when, no sooner had…thanHardly had I gone to bed when I fell asleep.No sooner had I gone to bed than I fell asleep.词汇考生应掌握本考试大纲词汇表中所规定的英语词汇量和需要达到的应用程度,即:1、领会式掌握4500个英语单词和500个常用词组;2、复用式掌握其中1800个左右的常用单词和200个常用词组;3、掌握一定数量的常用词缀,并能根据构词法和语境识别常见的派生词。
A.1. abandon give up the plan2. accuse charge3. adequate food sufficient enough plentiful4. adapt to the new environmentAdjust oneself toAdopt the plan accept5. appeal to6. apply for this job7. accomplish the task complete finish8. acquire degree or diploma the knowledgeObtain get derive from9. annual production outputYearly10. alter the plan change11. absorb take in12. assess evaluateBBreak it open1. be backward2. ban forbid3. belong to4. blend with mix withThese buildings blend in well with the trees.5. become a burden to us6. boom revive flourish recover from illnessBusiness is booming.7. bloom8. bore sb by boring9. benefit from this book10. boast that overstate thatC1. caution careBe cautious about careful about2. cancel call off3. concentrate on this book4. compare the price contrast with the price there.5. confirm that the time for the flight6. compel force to7. clarify the fact clear up verify8. compete with that group company firm corporationcompetition9. collide with the truckhit10. calculate count money11. collapse economy will collapse12. cleverlyD.1. damp weather humid air/evening moist eyes were moist with tears.2. delay postponePut off put out the fire3. deceive cheat4. delete cross out remove5. debt runs into two figuresBe in ~6. deserve this praise7. deny refuse8. derive from acquire from9. distinguish10. dispute argument quarrelJ1. Justice fairness2. judge by appearance3. junior middle school4. journey to trip5. be jealous ofK1. kick away2. kindness3. knock down4. knit sth into a sweaterL1. Lack knowledge water food2. lengthen3. locate be located in4. lend borrow5. limit restrict to restrict oneself to two cigarettes a day be restricted within narrow limits6. legal papers/rights lawfulmarriage/heir It is not lawful to steal.7. lay offM1.manufacture produce make2. master the skill3. be mature4. take some measures to control5. motivate sb. to do Inspire sb to do6. mix with blend with integrate with7. murder kill8. movementN1. native language2. negative passivepositive opinion3. neglect ignore overlook4. be nervous5. noble family person6. notice that7. numerous many a great deal of8. be neat tidy9. His temperature becomes normal10. nurture a student’s talent educateOover1. have an objective purpose2. obey the rules3. observe what will happen4. obtain get acquire from5. It is obvious thatapparent clear that6. offend anger7. opponent8. oppose the plan be against9. output production10. overcome these difficultiessolve the problems11. overlook neglect ignoreP1. pause halt stop cease2. pastime hobby Sailing is her favorite pastime.3. be partial to4. live on pension5. finish it in two phases.6. plain7. be positive8. prosecute for accuse of charge with9. postpone to delay toQ1. qualify sb. for2. quit his job smoking resign R1. raise give sb. a raise2. recession happenedDepression3. be relevant to4. rescue sb fromsave5. resist sth.6. restrict limit7. retire from this jobretired workerS1. scarce rare2. sensible decision3. sensitive to4. a series of lectures5. severe storm competition6. skim scan glance over skim a flat stone over the water The swallows skimmed along the ground.7. social status8. supervise supervisor boss9.stayT1. has a hot mild Temper2. trend3. thrive revive Our hopes revived. He that will thrive, must rise at five.4. tolerate endure put up with5. twist one’s arm词组:介词As a rule, at a loss, at a time, at hand, at all costs, at any rate, by all means, by turns, by way of, for short, for the present, in a sense, in advancePhrases1. tell us explain sth in detail2. in brief he told us the fact3. By means of the train, they moved to4. in vain5. It is out of the question impossible6. to the point7. As for this issue, Concerning8. His question is out of place.9. in front of10. in the future11. in person12. in public13. in time14. He is on duty动词短语long for looking forward tocarry outconcentrate on focus onThey lived through the depressionexperiencedmake up for your lossmake progresscompensate forbe made up of be composed of put sth. into use operation make fun of laugh atlive up tolose heartpay attention topoint output up with endureput off delayput forwarddeal with cope withresult in bring aboutset about to doshow up comestand for representtake in accepttake placeuse up water exhaust。