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WTO 常用英文词汇 (四)

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WTO中英对照

WTO中英对照

WTO中英对照1.WTO----World Trade Organization 世界贸易组织2.GATT----General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 关税与贸易总协定3.Multilateral trading system 多边贸易体制4.IMF----International Monetary Fund 国际货币基金组织5.IBRD---- International Bank for Reconstruction and Development 国际复兴与开发银行6.ITO----International Trade Organization 国际贸易组织7.Ministerial Conference 部长级会议8.General Council 总理事会9.non-discrimination principle 非歧视原则10. MFNT----most favored nation treatment 最惠国待遇11. national treatment 国民待遇12. market access principle 市场准入原则13. import license 进口许可证14. fair competition principle 公平竞争原则15. principle of transparency 透明度原则16. GSP----generalized system of preferences 普遍优惠制、普惠制17. special and differential treatment 特殊和差别待遇18. special safeguard 特殊保障措施19. domestic support 国内支持20. ATC----Agreement on Textiles and Clothing 《纺织品与服装协议》21. import/export/transit duty 进口/出口/过境税22. HS----The Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding system 《商品名称及编码协调制度》23. NRP----nominal rate of protection 名义保护率24. ERP----effective rate of protection 有效保护率25. NTBs----non-tariff barriers 非关税壁垒26. import/absolute/country quotas 进口/绝对/国别配额27. global(unallocated) quotas 全球配额28. autonomous/unilateral quotas 自主/单方面配额29. agreement/bilateral quotas 协议/双边配额30. VEQ----“voluntary”export quotas “自动”出口配额31. VER----“voluntary”export restraints “自动”出口限制32. dumping 倾销anti-dumping 反倾销33. exchange dumping 外汇倾销34. OGL----open general license 公开一般许可证35. SL----special license 特种货物进口许可证36. Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade 《技术性贸易壁垒协议》37. technical regulations/standard 技术法规/技术标准、38. conformity assessment procedures 合格评定程序39. Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures 《实施卫生与植物卫生措施协议》40. SPS---- sanitary and phytosanitary measures 卫生与动植物卫生措施41. Agreement on Preshipment Inspection 《装运前检验协议》42. PSI----preshipment inspection 装运前检验43. Agreement on Customs Valuation 《海关估价协议》44. customs valuation 海关估价45. dutiable/deductive value 完税/倒扣价格46. Agreement on Rules of Origin 《原产地规则协议》47. Agreement on Import licensing Procedures 《进口许可程序协议》48. (non-) automatic import licensing （非）自动进口许可程序49. TRIMs----Agreement on Trade-Related Investment Measures 《与贸易有关的投资措施协议》50. normal value 正常价值51. Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures 《补贴与反补贴措施协议》52. countervailing measures 抵消性措施53. prohibited/actionable/non-actionable subsidies 禁止性/可诉/不可诉补贴54. Agreement on Safeguard 《保障措施协议》55. GATs----General Agreement on Trade in Services 《服务贸易总协定》56. Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property 《保护工业产权巴黎公约》、《巴黎公约》57. Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works 《保护文学艺术作品伯尔尼公约》、《伯尔尼公约》58. TRIPs----Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights 《与贸易有关的知识产权协定》59. Agreement on Government Procurement 《政府采购协议》60. Agreement on Trade in Civil Aircraft 《民用航空器贸易协议》。

汉英口译分类词汇——世贸组织词汇

汉英口译分类词汇——世贸组织词汇

（补贴协议）可诉补贴Actionable subsidy(纺织品与服装、农产品)⼀体化进程Integration process（服务贸易）境外消费Consumption abroad（服务贸易）跨境交付Cross border supply（服务贸易）商业存在Commercial presence(服务贸易)⾃然⼈ natural person(服务贸易)⾃然⼈流动Presence of natural person(解决争端)被诉⽅Defendant（解决争端）调查结果Findings(解决争端)上诉Appeal(解决争端)申诉⽅Complaint(利益的)丧失和减损Nullification and impairment(农产品)国内⽀持Domestic support（农产品）综合⽀持量AMS (Aggregate Measurement of Support)（农产品国内⽀持）黄箱措施Amber Box measures（农产品国内⽀持）蓝箱措施BOP(Balance-of-payments) Provisions（农产品国内⽀持）绿箱措施Green Box measures(农业)多功能性 Multifunctionality（欧盟）共同农业政策Common Agriculture Policy(争端解决)专家组Panel（知识产权）地理标识Geographical indications《巴黎公约》(关于保护⼯业知识产权的公约)Paris Convention《巴塞尔公约》（有关危险废弃物的多边环境协定）Basel Convention《北美⾃由贸易协定》NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement)《濒危物种国际贸易公约》Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species《伯尔尼公约》（有关保护⽂学和艺术作品版权的公约）Berne Convention《多种纤维协定》MFA (Multifibre Agreement)《纺织品与服装协议》ATC (Agreement on Textiles and Clothing)《服务贸易总协定》GATS (General Agreement on Trade in Services)《关于争端解决规则与程序的谅解》DSU(Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes)《京都议定书》 Kyoto Protocol《⾥斯本条约》（有关地理标识及其国际注册）Lisbon Agreement《蒙特利尔议定书》(有关保护⼤⽓臭氧层的多边环境协定)Montreal Protocol《农产品协议》特殊保障SSG (Special Safeguard)《农业协议》中关于反补贴的和平条款Peace clause《⽣物多样性公约》CBD(Convention on Biological Diversity)《信息技术协议》ITA (Information Technology Agreement)WTO最不发达国家⾼级别会议HLM (WTO High-level Meeting for LDCs)北美⾃由贸易区 NAFTA (North American Free Trade Area)采取措施后Ex post采取措施前Ex ante产品⽣命周期分析LCA (Life Cycle Analysis)出⼝补贴Export subsidy出⼝实绩Export performance垂直兼并 vertical merger当地含量Local content电⼦商务 Electronic Commerce东部和南部⾮洲共同市场COMESA (Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa)东盟⾃由贸易区ASEAN Free Trade Area动植物卫⽣检疫措施SPS (Sanitary and Phytosanitary Standard )反补贴税Countervailing duty反倾销措施 anti-dumping measures against…反向通知Counter-notification⾮配额产品 quota-free products⾮⽣产性投资 investment in non-productive projects⾮洲、加勒⽐和太平洋国家集团（洛美协定）ACP(African, Caribbean and Pacific Group)风险管理/评估 risk management/ assessment关贸总协定，世界贸易组织的前⾝ GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade)规避Circumvention国际标准化组织ISO (International Organization for Standardization)国际纺织品服装局ITCB (International Textile and Clothing Bureau)国际货币基⾦组织IMF (International Monetary Fund)国际劳⼯组织ILO (International Labor Organization)国际贸易中⼼ITC (International Trade Center)国际贸易组织ITO (International Trade Organization)国际贸易组织临时委员会ICITO (Interim Commission for the International Trade Organization)国际清算 international settlement国际收⽀ balance of international payments/ balance of payment国际收⽀条款BOP(Balance-of-payments) Provisions国际兽疫组织International Office of Epizootics国民待遇National treatment国内补贴Domestic subsidy国内⽣产Domestic production海关估价Customs valuation海关完税价值Customs value横向兼并 horizontal merger环保型技术EST(Environmentally-sound technology)灰⾊区域措施Grey area measures货币留成制度Currency retention scheme货币贸易理事会CTG(Council for Trade in Goods)基础税率Base tariff level既定⽇程Built-in agenda交叉报复Cross retaliation进⼝差价税Import variable duties进⼝附加税Import surcharge进⼝环节税 import linkage tax进⼝渗透Import penetration进⼝替代Import substitution进⼝许可Import licensing进⼝押⾦Import deposits经济合作与发展组织OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development)垃圾融资 junk financing联合国环境署UNEP (United Nations Environment Program)联合国开发计划署UNDP (United Nations Development Program)联合国粮农组织FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United States)联合国贸易与发展会议UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development)粮⾷安全Food security慢性萧条 chronic depression　贸易和投资⾃由化和便利化 TILF (Trade and Investment Liberalization and Facilitation)贸易与发展委员会Committee on Trade and Development贸易与环境委员会Committee on Trade and Environment模式Modalities南⽅共同市场（或称南锥体共同市场）MERCOSUR (Southern Common Market)南亚区域合作联盟SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional cooperation)欧洲⾃由贸易联盟EFTA (European Free Trade Association)配额调整条款modulation of quota clause瓶颈制约 'bottleneck' restrictions全球配额 global quota上诉机构Appeal body申报制度 reporting system; income declaration system⽣产补贴Production subsidy实⾏国民待遇 grant the national treatment to实质损害Material injury⾷品法典委员会 CAC(Codex Alimentaries Commission)世界海关组织WCO (World Customs Organization)世界贸易组织WTO (World Trade Organization)世界知识产权组织WIPO (World Intellectual Property Organization)市场准⼈的⾏政管理措施 AAMA (Administrative Aspects of Market Access)市场准⼊Market access通知义务Notification obligation同类产品Like product乌拉圭回合Uruguay Round消费膨胀 inflated consumption　协调制度（商品名称及编码协调制度）HS (Harmonized Commodity and Coding System)新议题New issues许可费 License fee有秩序的市场安排Orderly market arrangements约束⽔平Bound level争端解决机构Dispute Settlement Body政府采购 Government procurement知识产权IPRs (Intellectual property rights)直接⽀付Direct payment诸边协议 Plurilateral agreement专门的营销机构Market boards转基因⽣物GMOs (Genetically Modified Organisms)祖⽗条款 grandfather clause最不发达国家LDCs (Least-developed countries)最初谈判权(初谈权) INRs (Initial Negotiating Rights)最惠国待遇（现通常称'正常贸易关系'）MFN（most-favored-nation) treatment最惠国贸易地位(待遇)MFN (Most-favored-nation)(Treatment)WTO术语英⽂解释GeneralGATT — General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, which has been superseded as an international organization by the WTO. An updated General Agreement is now one of the WTO’s agreements.GATT 1947 — The old (pre-1994) version of the GATT.GATT 1994 — The new version of the General Agreement, incorporated into the WTO, which governs trade in goods.Members — WTO governments (first letter capitalized, in WTO style).MFN — Most-favoured-nation treatment (GATT Article I, GATS Article II and TRIPS Article 4), the principle of not discriminating between one’s trading partners.national treatment — The principle of giving others the same treatment as one’s own nationals.GATT Article III requires that imports be treated no less favourably than the same or similar domestically-produced goods once they have passed customs. GATS Article XVII and TRIPS Article 3 also deal with national treatment for services and intellectual property protection.TPRB, TPRM — The Trade Policy Review Body is General Council operating under special procedures for meetings to review trade policies and practices of individual WTO members under the TradePolicy Review Mechanism.transparency — Degree to which trade policies and practices, and the process by which they are established, are open and predictable.Uruguay Round — Multilateral trade negotiations launched at Punta del Este, Uruguay in September 1986 and concluded in Geneva in December 1993. Signed by Ministers in Marrakesh, Morocco, in April 1994.Tariffsbinding, bound — see “tariff binding”electronic commerce — The production, advertising, sale and distribution of products viatelecommunications networks.free-rider — A casual term used to infer that a country which does not make any trade concessions, profits, nonetheless, from tariff cuts and concessions made by other countries in negotiations under the most-favoured-nation principle.Harmonized System — An international nomenclature developed by the World Customs Organization, which is arranged in six digit codes allowing all participating countries to classify traded goods on a common basis. Beyond the six digit level, countries are free to introduce national distinctions for tariffs and many other purposes.ITA — Information Technology Agreement, or formally the Ministerial-Declaration on Trade in Information Technology Products, under which participants will remove tariffs on IT products by the year 2000.ITA II — Negotiations aimed at expanding ITA’s product coverage.nuisance tariff — Tariff so low that it costs the government more to collect it than the revenue it generates.schedule of concessions — List of bound tariff rates.tariff binding — Commitment not to increase a rate of duty beyond an agreed level. Once a rate of duty is bound, it may not be raised without compensating the affected parties.tariff escalation — Higher import duties on semi-processed products than on raw materials, and higher still on finished products. This practice protects domestic processing industries and discourages the development of processing activity in the countries where raw materials originate.tariff peaks — Relatively high tariffs, usually on “sensitive” products, amidst generally low tariff levels. For industrialized countries, tariffs of 15% and above are generally recognized as “tariff peaks”.tariffs — Customs duties on merchandise imports. Levied either on an ad valorem basis (percentage of value) or on a specificbasis (e.g. $7 per 100 kgs.). Tariffs give price advantage to similar locally-produced goods and raise revenues for the government.WCO — World Customs Organization, a multilateral body located in Brussels through which participating countries seek to simplify and rationalize customs procedures.Non-tariff measuresanti-dumping duties — Article VI of the GATT 1994 permits the imposition of anti-dumping duties against dumped goods, equal to the difference between their export price and their normal value, if dumping causes injury to producers of competing products in the importing country.circumvention — Measures taken by exporters to evade anti-dumping or countervailing duties.countervailing measures — Action taken by the importing country, usually in the form of increased duties to offset subsidies given to producers or exporters in the exporting country.dumping — Occurs when goods are exported at a price less than their normal value, generally meaning they are exported for less than they are sold in the domestic market or third-country markets, or at less than production cost.NTMs — Non-tariff measures such as quotas, import licensing systems, sanitary regulations, prohibitions, etc.price undertaking — Undertaking by an exporter to raise the export price of the product to avoid the possibility of an anti-dumping duty.PSI — Preshipment inspection — the practice of employing specialized private companies to check shipment details of goods ordered overseas — i.e. price, quantity, quality, etc.QRs — Quantitative restrictions — specific limits on the quantity or value of goods that can be imported (or exported) during a specific time period. rules of origin — Laws, regulations and administrative procedures which determine a product’s country of origin. A decision by a customs authority on origin can determine whether a shipment falls within a quota limitation, qualifies for a tariff preference or is affected by an anti-dumping duty. These rules can vary from country to country.safeguard measures — Action taken to protect a specific industry from an unexpected build-up ofimports — governed by Article XIX of the GATT 1994.subsidy — There are two general types of subsidies: export and domestic. An export subsidy is a benefit conferred on a firm by the government that is contingent on exports. A domestic subsidy is a benefit not directly linked to exports.tariffication — Procedures relating to the agricultural market-access provision in which all non-tariff measures are converted into tariffs.trade facilitation — Removing obstacles to the movement of goods across borders (e.g. simplification of customs procedures).VRA, VER, OMA — Voluntary restraint arrangement, voluntary export restraint, orderly marketing arrangement. Bilateral arrangements whereby an exporting country (government or industry) agrees to reduce or restrict exports without the importing country having to make use of quotas, tariffs or other import controls.Textiles and clothingATC — The WTO Agreement on Textiles and Clothing which integrates trade in this sector back to GATT rules within a ten-year period.carry forward — When an exporting country uses part of the following year’s quota during the current year.carry over — When an exporting country utilizes the previous year’s unutilized quota.circumvention — Avoiding quotas and other restrictions by altering the country of origin of a product.CTG — Council for Trade in Goods — oversees WTO agreements on goods, including the ATC.integration programme — The phasing out of MFA restrictions in four stages starting on 1 January1995 and ending on 1 January 2005.ITCB — International Textiles and Clothing Bureau — Geneva-based group of some 20 developing country exporters of textiles and clothing.MFA — Multifibre Arrangement (1974-94) under which countries whose markets are disrupted by increased imports of textiles and clothing from another country were able to negotiate quota restrictions.swing — When an exporting country transfers part of a quota from one product to another restrained product.TMB — The Textiles Monitoring Body, consisting of a chairman plus ten members acting in a personal capacity, oversees the implementation of ATC commitments.transitional safeguard mechanism — Allows members to impose restric t i o n s a g a i n s t i n d i v i d u a l e x p o r t i n g c o u n t r i e s i f t h e i m p o r t i n g c o u n t r y c a n s h o w t h a t b o t h o v e r a l l i m p o r t s o f a p r o d u c t a n d i m p o r t s f r o m t h e i n d i v i d u a l c o u n t r i e s a r e e n t e r i n g t h e c o u n t r y i n s u c h i n c r e a s e d q u a n t i t i e s a s t o / p > p > c a u s e o r t h r e a t e n s e r i o u s d a m a g e t o t h e r e l e v a n t d o m e s t i c i n d u s t r y . / p > p > A g r i c u l t u r e / S P S / p > p > A g e n d a 2 0 0 0 E C s f i n a n c i a l r e f o r m p l a n s f o r 2 0 0 0 0 6 a i m e d a t s t r e n g t h e n i n g t h e u n i o n w i t h a v i e w t o r e c e i v i n g n e w m e m b e r s . I n c l u d e s r e f o r m o f t h e C A P ( s e e b e l o w ) . / p > p > b o r d e r p r o t e c t i o n A n y m e a s u r e w h i c h a c t s t o r e s t r a i n i m p o r t s a t p o i n t o f e n t r y . / p > p > B S E B o v i n e s p o n g i f o r m e n c e p h a l o p a t h y , o r m a d c o w d i s e a s e . / p > p > b o x C a t e g o r y o f d o m e s t i c s u p p o r t . G r e e n b o x : s u p p o r t s c o n s i d e r e d n o t t o d i s t o r t t r a d e a n d t h e r e f o r e p e r m i t t e d w i t h n o l i m i t s . B l u e b o x : p e r m i t t e d s u p p o r t s l i n k e d t o p r o d u c t i o n , b u t s u b j e c t t o p r o d u c t i o n l i m i t s a n d t h e r e f o r e m i n i m a l l y t r a d e - d i s t o r t i n g . A m b e r b o x : s u p p o r t s c o n s i d e r e d t o d i s t o r t t r a d e a n d t h e r e f o r e s u b j e c t t o r e d u c t i o n c o m m i t m e n t s . / p > p > C a i r n s G r o u p G r o u p o f a g r i c u l t u r a l e x p o r t i n g n a t i o n s l o b b y i n g f o r a g r i c u l t u r a l t r a d e l i b e r a l i z a t i o n . I t w a s f o r m e d i n 19 8 6 i n C a i r n s , A u s t r a l i a j u s t b e f o r e t h e b e g i n n i n g o f t h e U r u g u a y R o u n d . C u r r e n t m e m b e r sh i p : A r g e n t i n a , A u s t r a l i a , B o l i v i a , B r a z i l , C a n a d a , C h i l e , C o l o m b i a , C o s t a R i c a , G u a t e m a l a , I n d o n e s i a , M a l a y s i a , N e w Z e a l a n d , P a r a g u a y , P h i l i p p i n e s , S o u t h A f r i c a , T h a i l a n d a n d U r u g u a y . / p > p > C A P C o m m o n A g r i c u l t u r a l P o l i c y T h e E U s c o m p r e h e n s i v e s y s t e m o f p r o d u c t i o n t a r g e t s a n d m a r k e t i n g m e c h a n i s m s d e s i g n e d t o m a n a g e a g r i c u l t u r a l t r a d e w i t h i n t h e E U a n d w i t h t h e r e s t o f t h e w o r l d . / p > p > C o d e x A l i m e n t a r i u s F A O / W H O c o m m i s s i o n t h a t d e a l s w i t h i n t e r n a t i o n a l s t a n d a r d s o n f o o d s a f e t y . / p > p > d i s t o r t i o n W h e n p r i c e s a n d p r o d u c t i o n a r e h i g h e r o r l o w e r t h a n l e v e l s t h a t w o u l d u s u a l l y e x i s t i n a c o m p e t i t i v e m a r k e t . / p > p > d e f i c i e n c y p a y m e n t P a i d b y g o v e r n m e n t s t o p r o d u c e r s o f c e r t a i n c o m m o d i t i e s a n d b a s e d o n t h e d i f f e r e n c e b e t w e e n a t a r g e t p r i c e a n d t h e d o m e s t i c m a r k e t p r i c e o r l o a n r a t e , w h i c h e v e r i s t h e l e s s . / p > p > E E P E x p o r t e n h a n c e m e n t p r o g r a m m e p r o g r a m m e o f U S e x p o r t s u b s i d i e s g i v e n g e n e r a l l y t o c o m p e t e w i t h s u b s i d i z e d a g r i c u l t u r a l e x p o r t s f r o m t h e E U o n c e r t a i n e x p o r t m a r k e t s . / p > p > f o o d s e c u r i t y C o n c e p t w h i c h d i s c o u r a g e s o p e n i n g t h e d o m e s t i c m a r k e t t o f o r e i g n a g r i c u l t u r a l p r o d u c t s o n t h e p r i n c i p l e t h a t a c o u n t r y m u s t b e a s s e l f - s u f f i c i e n t a s p o s s i b l e f o r i t s b a s i c d i e t a r y n e e d s . / p > p > i n t e r n a l s u p p o r t E n c o m p a s s e s a n y m e a s u r e w h i c h a c t s t o m a i n t a i n p r o d u c e r p r i c e s a t l e v e l s a b o v e t h o s e p r e v a i l i n g i n i n t e r n a t i o n a l t r a d e ; d i r e c t p a y m e n t s t o p r o d u c e r s , i n c l u d i n g d e f i c i e n c y p a y m e n t s , a n d i n p u t a nd m a r ke t i n g c o s t r e d u c t i o n m e a s u r e s a v a i l a b l e o n l yf o r ag r i c u l t u r a l p r o d u c t i o n . / p > p > I n te r n a t i o n a l Of f i c e o f E p i z o o t i c s D e a l s w i t h i n t e r n a t i o n a l s t a n d a r d s c o n c e r n i ng a n i m a lh e a l t h . / p > p > m u l ti f u n c t i o n a l i t y I d e a t h a t a g r i c u l t u r e h a s m a n y f u n c t i o n s i n a d d i t i o n t o p r o d u c i n g f o o d a n d f i b r e , e . g . e n v i r o n m e n t a l p r o t e c t i o n , l a n d s c a p e p r e s e r v a t i o n , r u r a l e m p l o y m e n t , e t c . S e e n o n - t r a d e c o n c e r n s . / p > p > n o n - t r a d e c o n c e r n s S i m i l a r t o m u l t i f u n c t i o n a l i t y . T h e p r e a m b l e o f t h e A g r i c u l t u r e A g r e e m e n t s p e c i f i e s f o o d s e c u r i t y a n d e n v i r o n m e n t a l p r o t e c t i o n a s e x a m p l e s . A l s o c i t e d b y m e m b e r s a r e r u r a l d e v e l o p m e n t a n d e m p l o y m e n t , a n d p o v e r t y a l l e v i a t i o n . / p > p > p e a c e c l a u s e P r o v i s i o n i n A r t i c l e 1 3 o f t h e A g r i c u l t u r e A g r e e m e n t s a y s a g r i c u l t u r a l s u b s i d i e s c o m m i t t e d u n d e r t h e a g r e e m e n t c a n n o t b e c h a l l e n g e d u n d e r o t h e r W T O a g r e e m e n t s , i n p a r t i c u l a r t h e S u b s i d i e s A g r e e m e n t a n d G A T T . E x p i r e s a t t h e e n d o f 2 0 0 3 . / p > p > r e f o r m p r o c e s s / p r o g r a m T h e U r u g u a y R o u n d A g r i c u l t u r e A g r e e m e n t s t a r t s a r e f o r m p r o c e s s . I t s e t s o u t a f i r s t s t e p , i n t h e p r o c e s s , i . e . a p r o g r a m f o r r e d u c i n g s u b s i d i e s a n d p r o t e c t i o n a n d o t h e r r e f o r m s . C u r r e n t n e g o t i a t i o n s l a u n c h e d u n d e r A r t i c l e 2 0 a r e f o r c o n t i n u i n g t h e r e f o r m p r o c e s s . / p > p > S P S r e g u l a t i o n s S a n i t a r y a n d P h y t o s a n i t a r y r e g u l a t i o n s g o v e r n m e n t s t a n d a r d s t o p r o t e c t h u m a n , a n i m a l a n d p l a n t l i f e a n d h e a l t h , t o h e l p e n s u r e t h a t f o o d i s s a f e f o r c o n s u m p t i o n . / p > p > v a r i a b l e l e v y C u s t o m s d u t y r a t e w h i c h v a r i e s i n r e s p o n s e t o d o m e s t i c p r i c e c r i t e r i o n . / p > p > / p > p > I n t e l l e c t u a l p r o p e r t y / p > p > B e r n e C o n v e n t i o n T r e a t y , a d m i n i s t e r e d b y W I P O , f o r t h e p r o t e c t i o n o f t h e r i g h t s o f a u t h o r s i n t h e i r l i t e r a r y a n d a r t i s t i c w o r k s . / p > p > C B D C o n v e n t i o n o n B i o l o g i c a l D i v e r s i t y . / p > p > c o m p u l s o r y l i c e n s i n g F o r p a t e n t s : w h e n t h e a u t h o r i t i e s l i c e n s e c o m p a n i e s o r i n d i v i d u a l s o t h e r t h a n t h e p a t e n t o w n e r t o u s e t h e r i g h t s o f t h e p a t e n t t o m a k e , u s e , s e l l o r i m p o r t a p r o d u c t u n d e r p a t e n t ( i . e . a p a t e n t e d p r o d u c t o r a p r o d u c t m a d e b y a p a t e n t e d p r o c e s s ) w i t h ou t t h e p e r m i s s i o n o f t h e p a t e n t o w n e r . A l l o w e d u n d e r t h e T R I P S A g r e e m e n t p r o v i d e d c e r t a i n p r o c e d u r e s a n d c o n d i t i o n s a r e f u l f i l l e d . S e e a l s o g o v e r n m e n t u s e . / p > p > c o u n t e r f e i t U n a u t h o r i z e d r e p r e s e n t a t i o n o f a r e g i s t e r e d t r a d e m a r k c a r r i e d o n g o o d s i d e n t i c a l o r s i m i l a r t o g o o d s f o r w h i c h t h e t r a d e m a r k i s r e g i s t e r e d , w i t h a v i e w t o d e c e i v i n g t h e p u r c h a s e r i n t o b e l i e v i n g t h a t h e / s h e i s b u y i n g t h e o r i g i n a l g o o d s . / p > p > e x h a u s t i o n T h e p r i n c i p l e t h a t o n c e a p r o d u c t h a s b e e n s o l d o n a m a r k e t , t h e i n t e l l e c t u a l p r o p e r t y o w n e r n o l o n g e r h a s a n y r i g h t s o v e r i t . ( A d e b a t e a m o n g W T O m e m b e r g o v e r n m e n t s i s w h e t h e r t h i s a p p l i e s t o p r o d u c t s p u t o n t h e m a r k e t u n d e r c o m p u l s o r y l i c e n c e s . ) C o u n t r i e s l a w s v a r y a s t o w h e t h e r t h e r i g h t c o n t i n u e s t o b e e x h a u s t e d i f t h e p r o d u c t i s i m p o r t e d f r o m o n e m a r k e t i n t o a n o t h e r , w h i c h a f f e c t s t h e o w n e r s r i g h t s o v e r t r a d e i n t h e p r o t e c t e d p r o d u c t . S e e a l s o p a r a l l e l i m p o r t s . / p > p > g e o g r a p h i c a l i n d i c a t i o n s P l a c e n a m e s ( o r w o r d s a s s o c i a t e d w i t h a p l a c e ) u s e d t o i d e n t i f y p r o d u c t s ( f o r e x a m p l e , C h a m p a g n e , T e q u i l a o r R o q u e f o r t ) w h i c h h a v e a p a r t i c u l a r q u a l i t y , r e p u t a t i o n o r o t h e r c h a r a c t e r i s t i c b e c a u s e t h e y c o m e f r o m t h a t p l a c e / p > p > g o v e r n m e n t u s e F o r p a t e n t s : w h e n t h e g o v e r n m e n t i t s e l f u s e s o r a u t h o r i z e s o t h e r p e r s o n s t o u s e t h e r i g h t s o v e r a p a t e n t e d p r o d u c t o r p r o c e s s , f o r g o v e r n m e n t p u r p o s e s , w i t h o u t t h e p e r m i s s i o n o f t h e p a t e n t o w n e r . S e e a l s o c o m p u l s o r y l i c e n s i n g . / p > p > i n t e l l e c t u a l p r o p e r t y r i g h t s O w n e r s h i p o f i d e a s , i n c l u d i n g l i t e r a r y a n d a r t i s t i c w o r k s ( p r o t e c t e d b y c o p y r i g h t ) , i n v e n t i o n s ( p r o t e c t e d b y p a t e n t s ) , s i g n s f o r d i s t i n g u i s h i n g g o o d s o f a n e n t e r p r i s e ( p r o t e c t e d b y t r a d e m a r k s ) a n d o t h e r e l e m e n t s o f i n d u s t r i a l p r o p e r t y . / p > p > I P R s I n t e l l e c t u a l p r o p e r t y r i g h t s . / p > p > L i s b o n A g r e e m e n t T r e a t y , a d m i n i s t e r e d b y W I P O , f o r t h e p r o t e c t i o n o f g e o g r a p h i c a l i n d i c a t i o n s a n d t h e i r i n t e r n a t i o n a l r e g i s t r a t i o n . / p > p > M a d r i d A g r e e m e n t T r e a t y , a d m i n i s t e r e d b y W I P O , f o r t h e r e p r e s s i o n o f f a l s e o r d e c e p t i v e i n d i c a t i o n s o f s o u r c e o n g o o d s . / p > p > m a i l b o x R e f e r s t o t h e r e q u i r e m e n t o f t h e T R I P S A g r e e m e n t a p p l y i n g t o W T O m e m b e r s w h i c h d o n o t y e t p r o v i d e p r o d u c t p a t e n t p r o t e c t i o n f o r p h a r m a c e u t i c a l s a n d f o r a g r i c u l t u r a l c h e m i c a l s . S i n c e 1 J a n u a r y 1 9 9 5 , w h e n t h e W T O a g r e e m e n t s e n t e r e d i n t o f o r c e , t h e s e c o u n t r i e s h a v e t o e s t a b l i s h a m e a n s b y w h i c h a p p l i c a t i o n s o f p a t e n t s f o r t h e s e p r o d u c t s c a n b e f i l e d . ( A n a d d i t i o n a l r e q u i r e m e n t s a y s t h e y m u s t a l s o p u t i n p l a c e a s y s t e m f o r g r a n t i n g e x c l u s i v e m a r k e t i n g r i g h t s f o r t h e p r o d u c t s w h o s e p a t e n t a p p l i c a t i o n s h a v e b e e n f i l e d . ) / p > p > p a r a l l e l i m p o r t s W h e n a p r o d u c t m a d e l e g a l l y ( i . e . n o t p i r a t e d ) a b r o a d i s i m p o r t e d w i t h o u t t h e p e r m i s s i o n o f t h e i n t e l l e c t u a l p r o p e r t y r i g h t - h o l d e r ( e . g . t h e t r a d e m a r k o r p a t e n t o w n e r ) . S o m e c o u n t r i e s a l l o w t h i s , o t h e r s d o n o t . / p > p > P a r i s C o n v e n t i o n T r e a t y , a d m i n i s t e r e d b y W I P O , f o r t h e p r o t e c t i o n o f i n d u s t r i a l i n t e l l e c t u a l p r o p e r t y , i . e . p a t e n t s , u t i l i t y m o d e l s , i n d u s t r i a l d e s i g n s , e t c . / p > p > p i r a c y U n a u t h o r i z e d c o p y i n g o f m a t e r i a l s p r o t e c t e d b y i n t e l l e c t u a l p r o p e r t y r i g h t s ( s u c h a s c o p y r i g h t , t r a d e m a r k s , p a t e n t s , g e o g r a p h i c a l i n d i c a t i o n s , e t c ) f o r c o m m e r c i a l p u r p o s e s a n d u n a u t h o r i z e d c o m m e r c i a l d e a l i n g i n c o p i e d m a t e r i a l s . / p > p > R o m e C o n v e n t i o n T r e a t y , a d m i n i s t e r e d b y W I P O , U N E S C O a n d I L O , f o r t h e p r o t e c t i o n o f t h e w o r k s o f p e r f o r m e r s , b r o a d c a s t i n g o r g a n i z a t i o n s a n d p r o d u c e r s o f p h o n o g r a m s . / p > p > T R I P S T r a d e - R e l a t e d A s p e c t s o f I n t e l l e c t u a l P r o p e r t y R i g h t s . / p > p > U P O V I n t e r n a t i o n a l U n i o n f o r t h e P r o t e c t i o n o f N e w V a r i e t i e s o f P l a n t s / p > p > W a s h i n g t o n T r e a t y T r e a t y f o r t h e p r o t e c t i o n o f i n t e l l e c t u a l p r o p e r t y i n r e s p e c t o f l a y - o u t d e s i g n s o f i n t e g r a t e d c i r c u i t s . / p > p > W I P O W o r l d I n t e l l e c t u a l P r o p e r t y O r g a n i z a t i o n . / p > p > / p > p > I n v e s t m e n t / p > p > e x p o r t - p e r f o r m a n c e m e a s u r e R e q u i r e m e n t t h a t a c e r t a i n q u a n t i t y o f p r o d u c t i o n m u s t b e e x p o r t e d . / p > p > F D I F o r e i g n d i r e c t i n v e s t m e n t . / p > p > l o c a l - c o n t e n t m e a s u r e R e q u i r e m e n t t h a t t h e i n v e s t o r p u r c h a s e a c e r t a i n a m o u n t o f l o c a l m a t e r i a l s f o r i n c o r p o r a t i o n i n t h e i n v e s t o r s p r o d u c t . / p > p > p r o d u c t - m a n d a t i n g R e q u i r e m e n t t h a t t h e i n v e s t o r e x p o r t t o c e r t a i n c o u n t r i e s o r r e g i o n . / p > p > t r a d e - b a l a n c i n g m e a s u r e R e q u i r e m e n t t h a t t h e i n v e s t o r u s e e a r n i n g s f r o m e x p o r t s t o p a y f o r i m p o r t s . / p > p > T R I M S T r a d e - r e l a t e d i n v e s t m e n t m e a s u r e s . / p > p > / p > p > D i s p u t e s e t t l e m e n t / p > p > A p p e l l a t e B o d y A n i n d e p e n d e n t s e v e n - p e r s o n b o d y t h a t , u p o n r e q u e s t b y o n e o r m o r e p a r t i e s t o t h e d i s p u t e , r e v i e w s f i nd i n g s i n p a ne l r e p o r t s . / p > p > a u t o m a t i c i t y T h e a u t o m a t i c c h r o n o l o g i c a l p r o g r e s s i o nf o r se t t l i n g t r a d e d i s p u t e s i n r e g a r d t o p a n e l e s t a b l i s h m e n t , t e r m s of r e f e r e n c e , c o m p o s i t i o n a n d a d o p t i o n p r o c e d u r e s . / p > p > D S B D i s p u t e S e t t l e m e n t B o d y w h e n t h e W T O G e n e r a l C o u n c i l m e e t s t o s e t t l e t r a d e d i s p u t e s . / p > p > D S U T h e U r ug u a y R o u n d U n d e r s t a n d i n g o n R u l e s a n d P r o c e d u r e s G o v e r n i n g th e S e t t l e m e n t o f Di s p u t e s . / p > p > n u l l i f i c a t i o n a n d i m p a i r m e n t D a m a g e t o a c o u n t r y s b e n e f i t s a n d e x p e c t a t i o n s f r o m i t s W T O m e m b e r s h i p t h r o u g h a n o t h e r c o u n t r y s c h a n g e i n i t s t r a d e r e g i m e o r f a i l u r e t o c a r r y o u t i t s W T O / p > p > b r > o b l i g a t i o n s . / p > p > p a n e l C o n s i s t i n g o f t h r e e e x p e r t s , t h i s i n d e p e n d e n t b o d y i s e s t a b l i s h e d b y t h e D S B t o e x a m i n e a n d i s s u e r e c o m m e n d a t i o n s o n a p a r t i c u l a r d i s p u t e i n t h e l i g h t o f W T O p r o v i s i o n s . / p > p > / p > p > S e r v i c e s / p > p > a c c o u n t i n g r a t e I n t e l e c o m s , t h e c h a r g e m a d e b y o n e c o u n t r y s t e l e p h o n e n e t w o r k o p e r a t o r f o r c a l l s o r i g i n a t i n g i n a n o t h e r c o u n t r y . / p > p > c o m m e r c i a l p r e s e n c e H a v i n g a n o f f i c e , b r a n c h , o r s u b s i d i a r y i n a f o r e i g n c o u n t r y . / p > p > G A T S T h e W T O s G e n e r a l A g r e e m e n t o n T r a d e i n S e r v i c e s . / p > p > g e n e r a l o b l i g a t i o n s O b l i g a t i o n s w h i。

国际贸易英语词汇总结

国际贸易英语词汇总结

千里之行，始于足下。

国际贸易英语词汇总结国际贸易英语词汇总结国际贸易是指不同国家之间的商品和服务的沟通和交易。

在国际贸易中，英语是最常用的沟通语言之一。

以下是一些国际贸易中常用的英语词汇的总结：1. Import（进口）- to bring goods or services into a country from abroad2. Export（出口）- to send goods or services from one country to another for sale3. Trade（贸易）- the activity of buying, selling, or exchanging goods or services between countries4. Tariff（关税）- a tax or duty to be paid on a particular class of imports or exports5. Customs（海关）- the official department that administers and collects import and export duties6. Free trade（自由贸易）- international trade withoutrestrictions or trade barriers7. Balance of trade（贸易平衡）- the difference in value betweena country's imports and exports8. Importer（进口商）- a person or company that brings goods or services into a country from abroad for sale9. Exporter（出口商）- a person or company that sends goods or services from one country to another for sale10. Trade deficit（贸易逆差）- the situation when a country imports more than it exports第1页/共2页锲而不舍，金石可镂。

外贸贸易英语的必备词汇

外贸贸易英语的必备词汇

外贸贸易英语的必备词汇外贸英语最重要的是通过有效的外贸英语沟通，能够相互理解意思，拿下订单。

今天就跟大家分享一下外贸英语，希望可以帮助到大家外贸贸易机构词汇WTO (World Trade Organization) 世界贸易组织IMF (International Monetary Fund) 国际货币基金组织CTG (Council for Trade in Goods) 货币贸易理事会EFTA (European Free Trade Association) 欧洲自由贸易联盟AFTA (ASEAN Free Trade Area) 东盟自由贸易区JCCT (China-US Joint Commission on Commerce and Trade) 中美商贸联委会NAFTA (North American Free Trade Area) 北美自由贸易区UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development) 联合国贸易与发展会议GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) 关贸总协定外贸英语的必备词汇trade term / price term 价格术语world / international market price 国际市场价格FOB (free on board) 离岸价C&F (cost and freight) 成本加运费价CIF (cost, insurance and freight) 到岸价freight 运费wharfage 码头费landing charges 卸货费customs duty 关税port dues 港口税import surcharge 进口附加税import variable duties 进口差价税commission 佣金return commission 回佣，回扣price including commission 含佣价net price 净价wholesale price 批发价discount / allowance 折扣retail price 零售价spot price 现货价格current price 现行价格 / 时价indicative price 参考价格customs valuation 海关估价price list 价目表total value 总值外贸贸易保险术语All Risks 一切险F.P.A. (Free from Particular Average) 平安险W.A. / W.P.A (With Average or With Particular Average) 水渍险War Risk 战争险F.W.R.D. (Fresh Water Rain Damage) 淡水雨淋险Risk of Intermixture and Contamination 混杂、玷污险Risk of Leakage 渗漏险Risk of Odor 串味险Risk of Rust 锈蚀险Shortage Risk 短缺险T.P.N.D. ( Theft, Pilferage & Non-delivery) 偷窃提货不着险Strikes Risk 罢工险。

雅思分类词汇：世贸相关词汇

雅思分类词汇：世贸相关词汇

雅思分类词汇：世贸相关词汇雅思分类词汇：世贸相关词汇雅思分类词汇：世贸相关词汇关贸总协定gatt(generalagreementontariffsandtrade)世界贸易组织wto(worldtradeorganization)乌拉圭回合uruguayround最惠国贸易地位(待遇)mfn(most-favored-nation)(treatment)争端解决机构disputesettlementbody《关于争端解决规则与程序的谅解》dsu(understandingonrulesandproceduresgoverningtheset tlementofdisputes)动植物卫生检疫措施sps(sanitaryandphytosanitarystandard)（农产品）综合支持量ams(aggregatemeasurementofsupport) (《农产品协议》)特殊保障ssg(specialsafeguard)《纺织品与服装协议》atc(agreementontextilesandclothing)《服务贸易总协定》gats(generalagreementontradeinservices)《信息技术协议》ita(informationtechnologyagreement)《多种纤维协定》mfa(multifibreagreement)《北美自由贸易协定》nafta(northamericanfreetradeagreement)东盟自由贸易区aseanfreetradearea东部和南部非洲共同市场comesa(commonmarketforeasternandsouthernafrica)南方共同市场（或称南锥体共同市场）mercosur(southerncommonmarket)南亚区域合作联盟saarc(southasianassociationforregionalcooperation)贸易与发展委员会committeeontradeanddevelopment贸易与环境委员会committeeontradeandenvironment欧洲自由贸易联盟efta(europeanfreetradeassociation)联合国粮农组织fao(foodandagricultureorganizationoftheunitednation)国际贸易中心itc(internationaltradecenter)国际贸易组织ito(internationaltradeorganization)国际贸易组织临时委员会icito(interimcommissionfortheinternationaltradeorganizat ion)国际劳工组织ilo(internationallabororganization)国际货币基金组织imf(internationalmonetaryfund)国际标准化组织iso(internationalorganizationforstandardization)经济合作与发展组织oecd(organizationforeconomiccooperationanddevelopme nt)联合国贸易与发展会议unctad(unitednationsconferenceontradeanddevelopment )联合国开发计划署undp(unitednationsdevelopmentprogram)联合国环境署unep(unitednationsenvironmentprogram)世界海关组织wco(worldcustomsorganization)世界知识产权组织wipo(worldintellectualpropertyorganization)非洲、加勒比和太平洋国家集团（洛美协定）acp(african,caribbeanandpacificgroup)（补贴协议）可诉补贴actionablesubsidy（农产品国内支持）"黄箱"措施amberboxmeasures(解决争端)上诉appeal上诉机构appealbody《巴塞尔公约》（有关危险废弃物的多边环境协定）baselconvention《伯尔尼公约》（有关保护文学和艺术作品版权的公约）berneconvention基础税率basetarifflevel（农产品国内支持）蓝箱措施bop(balance-of-payments)provisions国际收支条款bop(balance-of-payments)provisions既定日程built-inagenda约束水平boundlevel食品法典委员会cac(codexalimentariuscommission)（欧盟）共同农业政策commonagriculturepolicy《生物多样性公约》cbd(conventiononbiologicaldiversity)规避circumvention《濒危物种国际贸易公约》conventiononinternationaltradeinendangeredspecies（服务贸易）商业存在commercialpresence（服务贸易）境外消费consumptionabroad（服务贸易）跨境交付crossbordersupply(解决争端)申诉方complaint(解决争端)被诉方defendant反补贴税countervailingduty反向通知counter-notification交叉报复crossretaliation货币贸易理事会ctg(councilfortradeingoods)货币留成制度currencyretentionscheme海关完税价值customsvalue海关估价customsvaluation直接支付directpayment国内产业domesticindustry国内生产domesticproduction国内补贴domesticsubsidy(农产品)国内支持domesticsupport电子商务electroniccommerce环保型技术est(environmentally-soundtechnology)采取措施前exante采取措施后expost出口实绩exportperformance出口补贴exportsubsidy（解决争端）调查结果findings粮食安全foodsecurity免费搭车者(享受其他国家最惠国待遇而不进行相应减让的国家)free-rider（知识产权）地理标识geographicalindications转基因生物gmos(geneticallymodifiedorganisms)政府采购governmentprocurement（农产品国内支持）绿箱措施greenboxmeasures灰色区域措施greyareameasures拉美国家在wto中的非正式集团grulacwto最不发达国家高级别会议hlm(wtohigh-levelmeetingforldcs)协调制度（商品名称及编码协调制度）hs(harmonizedcommodityandcodingsystem)《里斯本条约》（有关地理标识及其国际注册）lisbonagreement国际劳工组织ilo(internationallabororganization)国际货币基金组织imf(internationalmonetaryfund)进口押金importdeposits进口许可importlicensing进口渗透importpenetration进口替代importsubstitution进口附加税importsurcharge进口差价税importvariableduties最初谈判权(初谈权)inrs(initialnegotiatingrights)(纺织品与服装、农产品)一体化进程integrationprocess国际兽疫组织internationalofficeofepizootics知识产权iprs(intellectualpropertyrights)国际纺织品服装局itcb(internationaltextileandclothingbureau)产品生命周期分析lca(lifecycleanalysis)最不发达国家ldcs(least-developedcountries)许可费licensefee同类产品likeproduct当地含量localcontent市场准入marketaccess专门的营销机构marketboards实质损害materialinjury模式modalities配额调整条款modulationofquotaclause《蒙特利尔议定书》(有关保护大气臭氧层的多边环境协定) montrealprotocol(农业)多功能性multifunctionality(服务贸易)自然人nationalperson国民待遇nationaltreatment新议题newissues通知义务notificationobligation(利益的)丧失和减损nullificationandimpairment有秩序的市场安排orderlymarketarrangements(争端解决)专家组panel《巴黎公约》(关于保护工业知识产权的公约) parisconvention(《农业协议》中关于反补贴的)和平条款peaceclause诸边协议plurilateralagreement(服务贸易)自然人流动presenceofnaturalperson生产补贴productionsubsidy雅思分类词汇：世贸相关词汇相关内容:。

WTO术语中英对照

WTO术语中英对照

W T O 简明术语（中英文对照）Ad valorem tariff 从价税Agreement on Agriculture 《农业协议》Anti-dumping duty 反倾销税Appeal （争端解决）上诉ATC-- Agr e e menton Textiles and C lothing 《纺织品与服装协议》Bound level 约束水平Compensation 补偿Consensus 协商一致Consultation 磋商Countervailing duty 反补贴税Customs valuation 海关估价DSB--Dispute Settlement Body 争端解决机构Dumping 倾销Export subsidy 出口补贴GATS--General A gre e me n t onTrade inService 《服务贸易总协定》GATT--General Ag r e e m e n t onTari f f and T rade 《关税与贸易总协定》Government procurement 政府采购Import licencin进g口许可Import substitution 进口替代Import surcharge 进口附加税Market access 市场准入Market price support 市场价格支持Material injury 实质损害MFN--Most-favored-nationtreatment最惠国待遇National treatment国民待遇Non-actionable subsidy （补贴协议）不可诉补贴NTMs--Non-tariff measures 非关税措施Plurilateral agreement诸边协议Prohibited subsidy（补贴协议）被禁止的补贴Protocols议定书PSI--Preshipment inspection装运前检验Rules of origin原产地规则Safeguard Measures保障措施Schedule of concessions承诺减让表Specific tariff从量税SPS --Sanitary and phytosanitary m easures 动植物卫生检疫措施Subsidy补贴Tariff binding关税约束承诺Tariffication 关税化TBT-- Technical barriers to trade技术性贸易壁垒TPRM-- Trade Policy Review Mechanism贸易政策审议机制Transparency透明度TRIMs-- Trade-relatedinvestment m easures与贸易有关的投资设施TRIPS--Trade related intellectual property rights与贸易有关的知识产权TRQ-- Tariff rate quotas/tariff q u o t a s关税配额Waiver（WTO 义务的）豁免WTO-- World TradingOrganization世界贸易组织AdvaloremTariff 从价onTextiles andClothing(ATC) 《纺织品与服装协议》Anti-dumping Duty 反倾销税Arbitration 仲裁Balance-of-payments （BOP）Provisions 国际收支条款Ceiling Bindings （关税）上限约束Conciliation 调解Compensation 补偿Consensus 协商一致Countervailing Duty 反补贴税C us t om s Valuation 海关估价de minimis 微量Export Subsidy 出口补贴GATT1994 《1994 年关税与贸易总协定》General Agreement on Trade in Services （GATS ）《服务贸易总协定》General Exceptions 一般例外Illustrative List 例示清单Import Licensing 进口许可Import Surcharge 进口附加税Infant Industry 幼稚产业Intellectual Property Rights （IPRs ）知识产权Market Access 市场准入National Treatment 国民待遇Non-actionable Subsidy 不可诉补贴Non-tariffs Measures （NTMs ）非关税措施。

国际贸易英语常用词汇

国际贸易英语常用词汇

国际贸易英语常用词汇1. Import - 进口2. Export - 出口3. Trade - 贸易4. Customs - 海关5. Tariffs - 关税6. Duties - 关税7. Free trade - 自由贸易8. Trade deficit - 贸易逆差9. Trade surplus - 贸易顺差10. Trade agreement - 贸易协议11. Trade barrier - 贸易壁垒12. Trade dispute - 贸易争端13. Trade war - 贸易战争14. Trade policy - 贸易政策15. Trade liberalization - 贸易自由化16. Trade restrictions - 贸易限制17. Trade negotiations - 贸易谈判18. Trade imbalance - 贸易不平衡19. Trade bloc - 贸易集团20. Trade partner - 贸易伙伴21. Trade deficit - 贸易逆差22. Trade surplus - 贸易顺差23. Import quota - 进口配额24. Export quota - 出口配额25. Import duties - 进口关税26. Export duties - 出口关税第1页/共8页27. Import restrictions - 进口限制28. Export restrictions - 出口限制29. Trade balance - 贸易平衡30. Trade organization - 贸易组织31. International trade - 国际贸易32. Trade deficit - 贸易逆差33. Trade surplus - 贸易顺差34. Balance of trade - 贸易差额35. Import/export license - 进出口许可证36. Fair trade - 公平贸易37. Foreign trade - 外贸38. Cross-border trade - 跨境贸易39. Trade barrier - 贸易壁垒40. Trade protectionism - 贸易保护主义41. Trade representative - 贸易代表42. Trade mission - 贸易代表团43. Trade commission - 贸易委员会44. Trade associations - 贸易协会45. Trade fair - 贸易博览会46. Global trade - 全球贸易47. Bilateral trade - 双边贸易48. Multilateral trade - 多边贸易49. Trade dispute settlement - 贸易争端解决50. Trade balance sheet - 贸易收支表51. Trade deficit - 贸易逆差52. Trade surplus - 贸易顺差53. Trade finance - 贸易融资54. Trade barriers - 贸易壁垒55. Trade restrictions - 贸易限制56. Trade liberalization - 贸易自由化57. Trade negotiations - 贸易谈判58. Trade agreement - 贸易协议59. Trade route - 贸易路线60. Trade cycle - 贸易周期61. Trade services - 贸易服务62. Trade secrets - 商业秘密63. Trade name - 商标64. Trade mark - 商标65. Trade-in - 以旧换新66. Trade-off - 折中67. Trade surplus - 顺差68. Trade deficit - 逆差69. Trade war - 贸易战70. Trade relationship - 贸易关系71. Trade route - 贸易路线72. Trade center - 贸易中心73. Trade union - 工会74. Trade fair - 商品展览会75. Trade embargo - 贸易禁令76. Trade sanctions - 贸易制裁77. Trade bloc - 贸易集团78. Import/export regulations - 进出口规定79. Trade deficit - 贸易逆差80. Trade surplus - 贸易顺差81. Import duties - 进口关税82. Export duties - 出口关税83. Import restrictions - 进口限制84. Export restrictions - 出口限制85. Export subsidy - 出口补贴第3页/共8页86. Trade imbalance - 贸易不平衡87. Trade war - 贸易战争88. Trade dispute - 贸易争端89. Trade negotiations - 贸易谈判90. Trade agreement - 贸易协议91. International trade - 国际贸易92. Global trade - 全球贸易93. Bilateral trade - 双边贸易94. Multilateral trade - 多边贸易95. Trade union - 工会96. Trade fair - 贸易展97. Trade secret - 商业秘密98. Trade-off - 折衷方案99. Trade barrier - 贸易壁垒100. Trade deficit - 贸易逆差101. Trade surplus - 贸易顺差102. Trade finance - 贸易融资103. Trade barrier - 贸易壁垒104. Trade restriction - 贸易限制105. Trade liberalization - 贸易自由化106. Trade negotiation - 贸易谈判107. Trade agreement - 贸易协定108. Trade route - 贸易路线109. Trade policy - 贸易政策110. Trade deficit - 贸易逆差111. Trade surplus - 贸易顺差112. Trade relations - 贸易关系113. Trade war - 贸易战争114. Trade dispute - 贸易争端115. Trade sanctions - 贸易制裁116. Trade union - 工会117. Trade fair - 贸易展览会118. Trade secret - 商业秘密119. Trade-off - 折中120. Trade barrier - 贸易壁垒121. Trade deficit - 贸易逆差122. Trade surplus - 贸易顺差123. Trade finance - 贸易融资124. Trade barrier - 贸易壁垒125. Trade restriction - 贸易限制126. Trade liberalization - 贸易自由化127. Trade negotiation - 贸易谈判128. Trade agreement - 贸易协定129. Trade route - 贸易路线130. Trade policy - 贸易政策131. Trade deficit - 贸易逆差132. Trade surplus - 贸易顺差133. Trade relations - 贸易关系134. Trade war - 贸易战争135. Trade dispute - 贸易争端136. Trade sanctions - 贸易制裁137. Trade union - 工会138. Trade fair - 贸易展览会139. Trade secret - 商业秘密140. Trade-off - 折中141. Trade barrier - 贸易壁垒142. Trade deficit - 贸易逆差143. Trade surplus - 贸易顺差144. Trade finance - 贸易融资第5页/共8页145. Trade barrier - 贸易壁垒146. Trade restriction - 贸易限制147. Trade liberalization - 贸易自由化148. Trade negotiation - 贸易谈判149. Trade agreement - 贸易协定150. Trade route - 贸易路线151. Trade policy - 贸易政策152. Balance of trade - 贸易差额153. World Trade Organization - 世界贸易组织154. Foreign direct investment - 外国直接投资155. Intellectual property rights - 知识产权156. Dumping - 倾销157. Subsidies - 补贴158. Antidumping - 反倾销159. Countervailing duties - 反补贴关税160. Safeguard measures - 保障措施161. Non-tariff barriers - 非关税壁垒162. Technical barriers to trade - 技术贸易壁垒163. Sanitary and phytosanitary measures - 卫生和植检措施164. Trade facilitation - 贸易便利化165. Rules of origin - 原产地规则166. Most favored nation - 最惠国待遇167. National treatment - 国民待遇168. Tariff escalation - 关税递增169. Tariff peaks - 关税峰值170. Trade in services - 服务贸易171. Trade in goods - 商品贸易172. Trade in agricultural products - 农产品贸易173. Trade in digital products - 数字产品贸易174. Trade in energy - 能源贸易175. Trade in intellectual property - 知识产权贸易176. Trade in pharmaceuticals - 药品贸易177. Trade in textiles - 纺织品贸易178. Trade in services agreement - 服务贸易协议179. Trade in information technology products - 信息技术产品贸易180. Trade in financial services - 金融服务贸易181. Trade in environmental goods - 环境产品贸易182. Trade in cultural products - 文化产品贸易183. Trade in tourism services - 旅游服务贸易184. Trade in education services - 教育服务贸易185. Trade in healthcare services - 医疗保健服务贸易186. Trade in transportation services - 交通运输服务贸易187. Trade in construction services - 建筑服务贸易188. Trade in professional services - 专业服务贸易189. Trade in telecommunication services - 电信服务贸易190. WTO agreements - WTO协议191. General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade - 关税和贸易总协定192. Agreement on Agriculture - 农业协议193. Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures - 补贴和反补贴措施协议194. Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade - 技术贸易壁垒协议195. Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures - 卫生和植检措施协议196. Agreement on Trade-Related Intellectual Property Rights - 与贸易有关的知识产权协议197. Agreement on Trade-Related Investment Measures - 与贸易有关的投资措施协议198. Agreement on Government Procurement - 政府采购协议199. Agreement on Customs Valuation - 关税估值协议第7页/共8页200. Agreement on Rules of Origin - 原产地规则协议。

国际贸易中常用的词汇

国际贸易中常用的词汇

国际贸易中常用的词汇一、货物（Goods）1. Commodity.- 发音：[kəˈmɒdəti]- 词性：名词。

- 含义：商品，货物。

例如：The company deals in various commodities.（这家公司经营各种商品。

）2. Cargo.- 发音：[ˈkɑːɡəʊ]- 词性：名词。

- 含义：（船、飞机等装载的）货物。

例如：The cargo on the ship is very valuable.（船上的货物非常贵重。

）二、贸易方式（Trade Modes）1. Import.- 发音：[ˈɪmpɔːt]（名词）；[ɪmˈpɔːt]（动词）- 词性：名词、动词。

- 含义：进口，进口商品。

例如：The import of cars has increased this year.（今年汽车的进口量增加了。

）；We import a lot of electronics from Japan.（我们从日本进口很多电子产品。

）2. Export.- 发音：[ˈekspɔːt]（名词）；[ɪkˈspɔːt]（动词）- 词性：名词、动词。

- 含义：出口，出口商品。

例如：The export of textiles is an important part of our economy.（纺织品出口是我们经济的一个重要部分。

）；Our company exports furniture to many countries.（我们公司向许多国家出口家具。

）3. Wholesale.- 发音：[ˈhəʊlseɪl]- 词性：名词、形容词、副词、动词。

- 含义：批发。

例如：They do business in wholesale.（他们做批发生意。

）；The wholesale price is much lower.（批发价低得多。

）4. Retail.- 发音：[ˈriːteɪl]- 词性：名词、动词。

2023国际贸易英语词汇

2023国际贸易英语词汇

2023国际贸易英语词汇二、贸易保险术语All Risks 一切险F.P.A. (Free from Particular Average) 平安险W.A. / W.P.A (With Average or With Particular Average) 水渍险War Risk 战斗险F.W.R.D. (Fresh Water Rain Damage) 淡水雨淋险Risk of Intermixture and Contamination 混杂、玷污险Risk of Leakage 渗漏险Risk of Odor 串味险Risk of Rust 锈蚀险Shortage Risk 短缺险T.P.N.D. ( Theft, Pilferage Non-delivery) 偷窃提货不着险Strikes Risk 罢工险三、贸易机构词汇WTO (World Trade Organization) 世界贸易组织IMF (International Monetary Fund) 国际货币基金组织CTG (Council for Trade in Goods) 货币贸易理事会EFTA (European Free Trade Association) 欧洲自由贸易联盟AFTA (ASEAN Free Trade Area) 东盟自由贸易区JCCT (China-US Joint Commission on Commerce and Trade) 中美商贸联委会NAFTA (North American Free Trade Area) 北美自由贸易区UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development) 联合国贸易与进展会议GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) 关贸总协定四、贸易方式词汇stocks 存货，库存量cash sale 现货purchase 购买，进货bulk sale 整批销售，趸售distribution channels 销售渠道wholesale 批发retail trade 零售业hire-purchase 分期付款购买fluctuate in line with market conditions 随行就市unfair competition 不合理竞争dumping 商品倾销dumping profit margin 倾销差价，倾销幅度antidumping 反倾销customs bond 海关担保chain debts 三角债freight forwarder 货运代理trade consultation 贸易磋商mediation of dispute 商业纠纷调解partial shipment 分批装运restraint of trade 贸易管制RTA (Regional Trade Arrangements) 区域贸易支配favorable balance of trade 贸易顺差unfavorable balance of trade 贸易逆差special preferences 优待关税bonded warehouse 保税仓库transit trade 转口贸易tariff barrier 关税壁垒tax rebate 出口退税TBT (Technical Barriers to Trade) 技术性贸易壁垒五、贸易伙伴术语trade partner 贸易伙伴manufacturer 制造商，制造厂middleman 中间商，经纪人dealer 经销商wholesaler 批发商retailer, tradesman 零售商merchant 商人，批发商，零售商concessionaire, licensed dealer 受让人，特许权获得者consumer 消费者，用户client, customer 顾客，客户buyer 买主，买方carrier 承运人consignee 收货人六、进出口贸易词汇commerce, trade, trading 贸易inland trade, home trade, domestic trade 国内贸易international trade 国际贸易foreign trade, external trade 对外贸易，外贸import, importation 进口importer 进口商export, exportation 出口exporter 出口商import licence 进口许口证export licence 出口许口证commercial transaction 买卖，交易inquiry 询盘delivery 交货order 订货make a complete entry 正式/完整申报bad account 坏帐Bill of Lading 提单marine bills of lading 海运提单shipping order 托运单blank endorsed 空白背书endorsed 背书cargo receipt 承运货物收据condemned goods 有问题的货物catalogue 商品名目customs liquidation 清关customs clearance 结关。

世贸组织相关词汇

世贸组织相关词汇

第二期——世贸组织相关词汇（一）2004-05-14 14:35GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade)关贸总协定WTO (World Trade Organization)世界贸易组织Uruguay Round乌拉圭回合MFN (Most-favored-nation)(Treatment)最惠国贸易地位(待遇)Dispute Settlement Body争端解决机构DSU(Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes) 《关于争端解决规则与程序的谅解》SPS (Sanitary and Phytosanitary Standard )动植物卫生检疫措施AMS (Aggregate Measurement of Support)（农产品）综合支持量SSG (Special Safeguard)(《农产品协议》)特殊保障ATC (Agreement on Textiles and Clothing)《纺织品与服装协议》GATS (General Agreement on Trade in Services)《服务贸易总协定》ITA (Information Technology Agreement)《信息技术协议》MFA (Multifibre Agreement)《多种纤维协定》NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement)《北美自由贸易协定》ASEAN Free Trade Area东盟自由贸易区COMESA (Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa)东部和南部非洲共同市场MERCOSUR (Southern Common Market)南方共同市场（或称南锥体共同市场）SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional cooperation)南亚区域合作联盟Committee on Trade and Development贸易与发展委员会Committee on Trade and Environment贸易与环境委员会EFTA (European Free Trade Association)欧洲自由贸易联盟FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations)联合国粮农组织ITC (International Trade Center)国际贸易中心ITO (International Trade Organization)国际贸易组织ICITO (Interim Commission for the International Trade Organization) 国际贸易组织临时委员会ILO (International Labor Organization)国际劳工组织IMF (International Monetary Fund)国际货币基金组织ISO (International Organization for Standardization)国际标准化组织OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) 经济合作与发展组织UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development) 联合国贸易与发展会议UNDP (United Nations Development Program)联合国开发计划署UNEP (United Nations Environment Program)联合国环境署WCO (World Customs Organization)世界海关组织WIPO (World Intellectual Property Organization)世界知识产权组织第三期——世贸组织相关词汇（二）2004-05-14 14:44ACP(African, Caribbean and Pacific Group)非洲、加勒比和太平洋国家集团（洛美协定）Actionable subsidy（补贴协议）可诉补贴Amber Box measures（农产品国内支持）；黄箱；措施Appeal(解决争端)上诉Appeal body上诉机构Basel Convention 《巴塞尔公约》（有关危险废弃物的多边环境协定）Berne Convention 《伯尔尼公约》（有关保护文学和艺术作品版权的公约）Base tariff level基础税率BOP(Balance-of-payments) Provisions（农产品国内支持）蓝箱措施BOP(Balance-of-payments) Provisions国际收支条款Built-in agenda既定日程Bound level约束水平CAC(Codex Alimentarius Commission)食品法典委员会Common Agriculture Policy（欧盟）共同农业政策CBD(Convention on Biological Diversity)《生物多样性公约》Circumvention规避Convention on International Trade in Endangered《濒危物种国际贸易公约》SpeciesCommercial presence（服务贸易）商业存在Consumption abroad（服务贸易）境外消费Cross border supply（服务贸易）跨境交付Complaint(解决争端)申诉方Defendant(解决争端)被诉方Countervailing duty反补贴税Counter-notification反向通知Cross retaliation交叉报复CTG(Council for Trade in Goods)货币贸易理事会Currency retention scheme货币留成制度Customs value海关完税价值Customs valuation海关估价第四期——世贸组织相关词汇（三）2004-05-14 15:01Direct payment直接支付Domestic industry国内产业Domestic production国内生产Domestic subsidy国内补贴Domestic support(农产品)国内支持Electronic Commerce电子商务EST(Environmentally-sound technology)环保型技术Ex ante采取措施前Ex post采取措施后Export performance出口实绩Export subsidy出口补贴Findings（解决争端）调查结果Food security粮食安全Free-rider 免费搭车者(享受其他国家最惠国待遇而不进行相应减让的国家)Geographical indications（知识产权）地理标识GMOs (Genetically Modified Organisms)转基因生物Government procurement政府采购Green Box measures（农产品国内支持）绿箱措施Grey area measures灰色区域措施GRULAC拉美国家在WTO中的非正式集团HLM (WTO High-level Meeting for LDCs)WTO最不发达国家高级别会议HS (Harmonized Commodity and Coding System)协调制度（商品名称及编码协调制度）Lisbon Agreement 《里斯本条约》（有关地理标识及其国际注册）ILO (International Labor Organization)国际劳工组织IMF (International Monetary Fund)国际货币基金组织Import deposits进口押金Import licensing进口许可Import penetration进口渗透Import substitution进口替代Import surcharge进口附加税Import variable duties进口差价税第五期——世贸组织相关词汇(四)2004-05-14 15:08INRs (Initial Negotiating Rights)最初谈判权(初谈权)Integration process(纺织品与服装、农产品)一体化进程International Office of Epizootics国际兽疫组织IPRs (Intellectual property rights)知识产权ITCB (International Textile and ClothingBureau)国际纺织品服装局LCA (Life Cycle Analysis)产品生命周期分析LDCs (Least-developed countries)最不发达国家License fee许可费Like product同类产品Local content当地含量Market access市场准入Market boards专门的营销机构Material injury实质损害Modalities模式modulation of quota clause配额调整条款Montreal Protocol 《蒙特利尔议定书》(有关保护大气臭氧层的多边环境协定)Multifunctionality(农业)多功能性Natural Person(服务贸易)自然人National treatment国民待遇New issues新议题Notification obligation通知义务Nullification and impairment(利益的)丧失和减损Orderly market arrangements有秩序的市场安排Panel(争端解决)专家组Paris Convention 《巴黎公约》(关于保护工业知识产权的公约)Peace clause (《农业协议》中关于反补贴的)和平条款Plurilateral agreement诸边协议Presence of natural person(服务贸易)自然人流动Production subsidy生产补贴。

WTO简明术语(DOC)

WTO简明术语(DOC)

W T O简明术语AAccession 加入（世界贸易组织）Acceptable risk level 可接受的风险水平ACP---African、Caribbean and Pacific 非加太国家Actionable subsidy 可诉补贴Ad valorem tariff 从价税Aggregate measurement of support（AMS）（农业国内支持）综合支持量Agreement on Agriculture 《农业协议》Agreement on Textiles and Clothing（ATC）《纺织品与服装协议》Air transport services 空运服务Amber box measures （农业国内支持）“黄箱”措施Annex 附件Annual bound commitment（农业国内支持）年度约束水平Anti-circumvention 反规避Anti-competitive practice 反竞争行为Anti-dumping duty 反倾销税Audiovisual services 视听服务Automatic licensing 自动许可Appendix 附录Appeal （争端解决）上诉Appellate body （争端解决）上诉机构Appropriate level of sanitary or phytosanitary protection 适当的动植物卫生保护水平Acquisition of intellectual property rights 知识产权的获得Arbitration 仲裁Areas of low pest or disease prevalence 病虫害低度流行区Assessment of risk 风险评估Association of Southeast Asian Nations（ASEAN）东南亚国家联盟（东盟）Australia-New Zealand Closer Economic Relations（ANCER）《澳大利亚新西兰紧密经济关系协定》BBerne Convention 《伯尔尼公约》Base tariff level 基础税率Basic Instrument and Selected Documents（BISD）《基本文件和资料选编》Basic telecommunication services 基础电信服务Best information available （反倾销）可获得的最佳信息Blue box measures （农业国内支持）“蓝箱”措施Balance-of-payments（BOP）provisions 国际收支条款Built-in agenda （世界贸易组织）既定议程Business services 商务服务Bound level 约束水平Bretton Woods Conference 布雷顿森林会议CCairns Group 凯恩斯集团Causal link 因果联系Ceiling bindings （关税）上限约束Central Product Classification（CPC）《（联合国）中心产品分类》Challenge Procedures （政府采购）质疑程序Clean report of findings 检验结果清洁报告书Codex Alimentarius Commission（CAC）食品法典委员会Common Agriculture Policy（CAP）（欧洲共同体）共同农业政策Communication services 通信服务Conciliation 调解Confidential information 机密信息Conformity assessment procedures 合格评定程序Circumvention 规避Combined tariff 复合税Commercial presence （服务贸易）商业存在Committee on Trade and Development（CTD）贸易与发展委员会Committee on Trade and Environment（CTE）贸易与环境委员会Compensation 补偿Competition policy 竞争政策Complaining party （争端解决）申诉方Computed value 计算价格Consensus 协商一致Constructed value （反倾销）结构价格Consultation 磋商Consumption abroad （服务贸易）境外消费Copyright 版权Council for Trade in Goods（CTG）货物贸易理事会Counterfeit trademark goods 冒牌货Counter-notification 反向通知Countervailing duty 反补贴税Contraction parties 关税与贸易总协定缔约方Cross border supply （服务贸易）跨境交付Cross retaliation 交叉报复Currency retention scheme 货币留成制度Current market access（CMA）现行市场准入Current total AMS （农业国内支持）现行综合支持量Customs duty 关税Customs tariff 海关税率，海关税则Customs value 海关完税价值Customs valuation 海关估价Customs union 关税同盟DDeveloped member 发达成员Developing member 发展中成员Direct payment （农业国内支持）直接支付Distribution services 分销服务Domestic industry 国内产业Domestic production 国内生产Domestic sales requirement 国内销售要求Domestic subsidy 国内补贴Domestic support （农业）国内支持Dispute Settlement Body 争端解决机构Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes（DSU）《关于争端解决规则与程序的谅解》Due restraint （对农产品反补贴）适当克制Dumping 倾销Dumping margin 倾销幅度EEconomies in transition 转型经济体Enabling clause 授权条款Enforcement of intellectual property rights 知识产权法Equivalence （检验检疫标准）等效性European Communities（EC）欧洲共同体European Free Trade Association （EFTA）欧洲自由贸易联盟Electronic commerce 电子商务Enquiry point 咨询点European Union 欧洲联盟Exhaustion of intellectual property rights 知识产权权利用尽Existing subject matter （知识产权）现有客体Ex officio 依职权Export credit 出口信贷Export credit guarantee 出口信贷担保Export subsidy 出口补贴FFall-back method （海关估价）“回顾”方法Findings 争端解决调查结果First-come first served 先来先得Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations（FAO）联合国粮农组织Food security 粮食安全Foreign direct investment（FDI）外国直接投资Foreign exchange balancing requirement 外汇平衡要求Free-rider 搭便车（指根据最惠国待遇享受其他成员贸易减让而不进行相应减让的成员）Free trade area 自由贸易区GGATT 1947 《1947年关税与贸易总协定》GATT 1994 《1994年关税与贸易总协定》General Agreement on Trade in Service（GATS）《服务贸易总协定》General Agreement on Tariff and Trade （GATT）《关税与贸易总协定》General Council 总理事会General exceptions 一般例外Geographical indications （知识产权）地理标识Genetically Modified Organisms（GMO）转基因生物Good offices 斡旋Government procurement 政府采购Green box measures （农业国内支持）“绿箱”措施Grey area measures 灰色区域措施General Preferential System（GPS）普惠制HHarmonized Commodity Description and Coding System（HS）《商品名称及编码协调制度》Havana Charter 哈瓦那宪章Horizontal commitments （服务贸易）水平承诺IIdentical product 相同产品Illustrative list 例示清单Import deposits 进口押金Import licensing 进口许可Import substitution 进口替代Import surcharge 进口附加税Import variable duties 进口差价税Industrial designs 工业设计Infant industry 幼稚产业Information Technology Agreement（ITA）《信息技术协议》Injunctions 禁令Initial negotiating rights （INRs）最初谈判权（初谈权）Integration process 一体化进程Intellectual property rights（IPRs）知识产权Internal taxes 国内税International Labor Organization (ILO ) 国际劳工组织International Monetary Fund （IMF）国际货币基金组织International Organization for Standardization （ISO）国际标准化组织International Plant Protection Convention 《国际植物保护公约》International Textile and Clothing Bureau （ITCB）国际纺织品与服装局International Trade Organization （ITO）国际贸易组织International Trade Center （ITC）国际贸易中心International Bank for Reconstruction and Development 国际复兴开发银行JJudicial review 司法审议Judicial person （服务贸易）法人KLLayout-designs（Topographies）of integrated circuits 集成电路外观设计（拓扑图）Least-developed countries （LDCs）最不发达国家License fee （知识产权）许可费Like product 同类产品Limited tendering （政府采购）有限招标Local content requirement 当地含量要求Local equity requirement 当地股份要求Mad-cow disease 疯牛病Maintenance of intellectual property rights 知识产权的维护Maritime transport services 海运服务Market access 市场准入Market boards 市场营销机构Market price support 市场价格支持Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization 《建立世界贸易组织马拉喀什协定》Marrakesh protocol 《马拉喀什协定书》Material injury 实质损害Medication 调停Minimum market access （MMA）最低市场准入Minimum values （海关估价）最低限价Most-favored-nation treatment （MFN）最惠国待遇MFN exemptions （服务贸易）最惠国待遇例外Ministerial conference 部长级会议Modalities 模式Modulation of quota clause （保障措施）配额调整条款Movement of natural persons 自然人流动Multi-Fiber Arrangement （MFA）《多种纤维协定》Multilateral trade negotiations （MTNs）多边贸易谈判Mutual recognition agreement 相互承认协议NNational treatment 国民待遇Natural person 自然人Negative standard （原产地）否定标准Neighboring rights （版权）邻接权New issues （世界贸易组织）新议题Non-actionable subsidy 不可诉补贴Non-automatic licensing 非自动许可Non-discrimination 非歧视Non-violation complaints 非违规之诉North American Free Trade Agreement（NAFTA）《北美自由贸易协定》Notification obligation 通知义务Non-tariff measures（NTMs）非关税措施Non-trade concern 非贸易关切Nullification or impairment （利益）丧失或减损Offer （谈判）出价Open tendering （政府采购）公开招标Orderly marketing arrangement （OMA）有序销售安排Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development（OEDC）经济合作与发展组织Original member （世界贸易组织）创始成员PPanel 争端解决专家组Paris convention 《巴黎公约》Patents 专利Peace clause 关于农产品反补贴的和平条款Pest or disease-free area 病虫害非疫区Pirated copyright goods 盗版货Plurilateral agreement 诸边协议Positive standard （原产地）肯定标准Presence of natural person 自然人存在Preshipment inspection 装运前检验Price verification （装运前检验）价格核实Price undertaking （反倾销）价格承诺Principal supplying interest 主要供应利益Product mandating requirement 产品授权要求Product-to-product method 产品对产品（谈判）方法Production subsidy 生产补贴Professional services 专业服务Prohibited subsidy 被禁止的补贴Protocol accession 加入议定书Protocol of Provisional Application of GATT 关贸总协定临时适用协议书Provisional application 临时适用Prudential measures 审慎措施QQuads 四方集团（至美国、欧盟、日本和加拿大）Quantitative restrictions 数量限制Quantity trigger level （农业特殊保障措施）数量触发水平RReciprocity 对等Recommendations （争端解决）建议Reference years 参照年Regional trade agreements 区域贸易协议Request （谈判）要价Responding Party （争端解决）应诉方Restrictive business practices 限制性商业惯例Risk analysis 风险分析Risk assessment 风险评估Roll-back 逐步退回Rome convention 《罗马公约》Round （知识产权）使用费Rules of origin 原产地规则SSafeguards 保障措施Sanitary and phytosanitary （SPS）measures 卫生与植物措施Schedule of commitments （服务贸易）承诺表Schedule of concessions （货物贸易）减让表Sectoral negotiations 部门谈判Security exceptions 安全例外Selective tendering （政府采购）选择性招标Separate customs territory 单独关税区Serious injury 严重损害Serious prejudice 严重侵害Simple average tariff 简单平均关税Similar product 类似产品Special and differential（S&D）treatment provisions 特殊与差别待遇条款Special Drawing Rights （SDRs）（国际货币基金组织）特别提款权Special safeguard（SSG）measures （农产品）特殊保障措施Specific tariff 从量税Specificity （补贴）专项性Standardizing bodies 标准化机构Standards 标准Standstill 维持现状State trading enterprises （STEs）国营贸易企业Subsidy 补贴Subsidies in general 一般补贴Substantial supplying interest 实质供应利益Substantial transformation （产品）实质改变Suspend concessions 暂停减让TTariffs 关税Tariff bindings 关税约束Tariff classification 税则归类Tariff concessions 关税减让Tariff equivalent 关税等值Tariff escalation 关税升级Tariff headings 税目Tariffication 关税化Tariff line 税号Tariff peaks 关税高峰Tariff rate quotas/ Tariff quotas （TRQ）关税配额Technical assistance 技术援助Technical barriers to trade（TBT）技术性贸易壁垒Technical regulationsTelecommunication services 电信服务Terms of reference （TOR）（争端解决专家组）职责范围Textile Monitoring Body （TMB）（关税与贸易总协定）纺织品监督机构Textile Surveillance Body (TSB) (关税与贸易总协定)纺织品监督机构Tokyo Round Codes 东京回合守则Total AMS （农业国内支持）综合支持总量Trade-balancing requirement 贸易平衡要求Trade facilitation 贸易便利化Trade in civil aircraft 民用航空器贸易Trade in goods 货物贸易Trade in services 服务贸易Trademark（TM）商标Trade Policy Review Body （TPRB）贸易政策审议机构Trade Policy Review Mechanism （TPRM）贸易政策审议机制Trade-related intellectual property rights （TRIPs）与贸易有关的知识产权Trade-related investment measures （TRIMs）Trade remedies 贸易救济（措施）Trade-weighted average tariff 贸易加权平均关税Transaction Value 成交价格Transition economies 转型经济体Transitional safeguard measures （纺织品）过渡性保障措施Transparency 透明度Transport services 运输服务Trigger prices （农产品特殊保障措施）触发价格UUndisclosed information （知识产权）未公开信息United Nations Conference on Trade and Development 联合国贸易与发展会议Uruguay Round 乌拉圭回合VVariable duties 差价税Value-added telecommunication services 增值电信服务Voluntary export restraints （VERs）自愿出口限制WWaiver （义务）豁免Washington Treaty 《华盛顿条约》Withdraw concessions 撤回减让World Customs Organization（WCO）世界海关组织World Intellectual Property Organization （WIPO）世界知识产权组织World Trade Organization（WTO）世界贸易组织WTO Members 世界贸易组织全体成员WTO Secretariat 世界贸易组织秘书处。

《国际贸易实务》重点词汇

《国际贸易实务》重点词汇

Chapter 1 Introduction to International TradeNational Development and Reform Commission 国家发展和改革委员会export-driven economic growth 出口导向型经济增长export tax rebates 出口退税export taxes 出口关税excess Liquidity 流动性过剩trade frictions 贸易摩擦international trade 国际贸易world trade 世界贸易foreign trade 对外贸易overseas trade 海外贸易trade in goods 货物贸易trade in services 服务贸易self-sufficient 自给自足economic resources 经济资源visible trade 有形贸易invisible trade 无形贸易dumping倾销tourism 旅游业balance of trade 贸易差额host country东道国barter 物物交换，以货易货，货物交易，易货贸易favorable balance of trade 贸易顺差(trade surplus)unfavorable balance of trade 贸易逆差(trade deficit)Balance of Payments 国际收支平衡，国际收支差额favorable balance of payments 国际收支顺差unfavorable balance of payments 国际收支逆差International Monetary Fund（IMF）国际货币基金组织Foreign Direct Investment（FDI）对外直接投资，外商直接投资Portfolio Investment 间接投资Chapter 2 International Trade Policytrade protectionism 贸易保护主义free trade 自由贸易the national interest 国家利益Doha trade talks 多哈贸易谈判acquisitions 购并trade barriers 贸易壁垒infant industries 幼稚产业quantitative restrictions 数量限制encouragements 鼓励import tariff 进口关税tariff barriers关税壁垒non-tariff barriers（NTB）非关税壁垒export taxes 出口关税export subsidies 出口补贴protective tariffs 保护性关税revenue tariff 财政关税specific duties 从量税ad valorem duties 从价税compound duties 复合税import quota 进口配额binding quota限制性(绑定)配额non-binding quota不具约束力的配额tariff-rate quotas 关税配额zero quota零配额absolute quotas 绝对配额market failures 市场失灵domestic content国内含量licensing system 许可证制度red-tape barriers 进口环节壁垒“buy local” rules 本地采购规则domestic supply 国内供给domestic demand 国内需求floor price 最低限价shortfall of supply 供应短缺Government Procurement Policies 歧视性政府采购政策Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTS)美国协调关税明细表Harmonized System 商品名称及编码协调制度International Harmonized Commodity Coding and Classification System商品名称及编码协调制度World Customs Organization (WCO)世界海关组织Customs Tariff of Import/Export of the People’s Republic of China中华人民共和国进出口关税条例Voluntary Export Restraint（VER）自动出口限制Multi-Fiber Arrangement 多种纤维协定Domestic Content Requirements 国内成分要求Government Procurement Policies 政府采购政策Buy America Act of 1933 1933年购买美国货法案Export Enhancement Program（EEP）美国的出口促进计划Dairy Export Incentive Program（DEIP）奶制品出口激励项目Chapter 3 Trade Bloc and Trade Blockopen regionalism 开放的区域主义trade liberalization 贸易自由化most favored nation 最惠国multilateralism 多边主义Doha round 多哈回合discriminatory tariffs 歧视性关税“spaghetti bowl”意大利面碗tariff rates 关税税率trade discrimination 贸易歧视country of origin原产地trade bloc 贸易集团trade block 贸易禁运bilateral free trade agreements 双边自由贸易协定PTAs（preferential trade agreements）特殊优惠贸易协议APEC （Asia-Pacific Economic Co-operation Organization）亚太经合组织FTAAP（Free Trade Agreement of Asia and the Pacific）亚太自由贸易协定NAFTA（North American Free Trade Agreement）北美自由贸易区MERCOSUR南方共同市场SCCM（Southern Common Markets）南方共同市场ASEAN（Association of Southeast Asian Nations）东南亚国家联盟AFTA（ASEAN Free Trade Area）东盟自由贸易区EU（European Union）欧盟（欧洲联盟）EFTA（European Free Trade Area）欧洲自由贸易区EEC（European Economic Community）欧洲经济共同体EC（the European Community）欧洲共同体free trade area 自由贸易区customs union 关税同盟common market共同市场economic union 经济同盟，经济联盟trade embargoes 贸易禁运economic sanctions 经济制裁boycotts抵制multilateral trade agreements多边贸易协定United Nations 联合国trade elasticity 贸易弹性Chapter 4 WTO：A Navigation Guidefranchise特许经营Uruguay Round 乌拉圭回合WTO Agreements 世界贸易组织协议World Bank 世界银行Doha Development Agenda 多哈发展议程（多哈回合谈判）GATT（General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade）关税与贸易总协定WTO（World Trade Organization）世界贸易组织IMF（International Monetary Fund）国际货币基金组织Appellate Body 上诉机构Dispute Settlement Panels 争端解决专门小组Plurilateral Committees 诸边协议委员会Ministerial Conference 部长会议1. The General Council 常务理事会2. The Dispute Settlement Body 争端解决机构3. The Trade Policy Review Body 贸易政策审议机构1. Goods Council 货物贸易理事会2. Services Council 服务贸易理事会3. TRIPS Council 与贸易有关的知识产权理事会The Textiles Monitoring Body 纺织品监督机构Heads of Delegations（HOD）代表团首脑The Secretariat 秘书处sustainable development 可持续发展Plurilateral Trade Agreement 诸边(复边)贸易协定Marrakesh Ministerial Meeting 马拉喀什部长会议（摩洛哥）TRIPS Agreement 与贸易有关的知识产权协定Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights（TRIPS）与贸易有关的知识产权General Agreement on Trade in Services （GATS）服务贸易总协定Trade-Related Investment Measures （TRIMS）与贸易有关的投资措施Trade Without Discrimination 贸易无歧视Urgent Importing Measures紧急进口措施Most-Favored-Nation Treatment 最惠国待遇contracting parties 缔约国plurilateral agreements诸边协议national treatment 国民待遇transparency 透明度market access 市场准入navigation guide 导航patronage nations施惠国favored nations 受惠国Chapter 5 International Trade TermsL/C issuing date 信用证的开证日期seasonal commodity季节性商品partial shipment 分批装运transshipment 转运shipment 装运terms of payment 支付条件draft 汇票liner 班轮trade terms，price terms，delivery terms 贸易术语，价格术语，交货术语Warsaw-Oxford Rules 1932 1932年华沙--牛津规则International Law Association 国际法律协会Revised American Foreign Trade Definitions 1941 1941年美国对外贸易定义修正本International Chamber of Commerce（ICC）国际商会INCOTERMS 2000 2000年国际贸易术语解释通Value added tax（VAT）增值税United Nations Commission on International Trade Law（UNCITRAL）联合国国际贸易法律委员会multi-modal Transport多式联运inland waterway transportation内陆水运customs clearance清关shipboard（Ship’s Rail）船舷documentary sales 单据买卖cover insurance 投保symbolic delivery象征性交货unloading charge 卸货费frontier 边境quay 码头trim 平舱stow 理舱EXW（Ex Works）工厂交货FCA（Free Carrier）货交承运人FAS（Free Alongside Ship）船边交货FOB（Free on Board）装运港船上交货FOB Liner Terms (FOB班轮条件)FOB Under Tackle (FOB吊钩下交货)FOB Stowed(FOB 包理舱费在内)FOB Trimmed(FOB 包平舱费在内)CFR（Cost and Freight）成本加运费CFR Liner Terms(CFR班轮条件)CFR Landed(CFR卸到岸上)CFR Ex-Ship’s Hold(CFR舱底交货)CIF（Cost, Insurance and Freight）成本加保险费加运费CPT（Carriage Paid to）运费付至CIP（Carriage and Insurance Paid to）运费、保险费付至DAF（Delivered at Frontier）边境交货DES（Delivered Ex Ship）目的港船上交货DEQ（Delivered Ex Quay）目的港码头交货DDU（Delivered Duty Unpaid）未完税交货DDP（Delivered Duty Paid）完税后交货Chapter 6 Terms of CommoditySales by Seller’s/Buyer’s Sample 凭卖方样品买卖/凭买方样品买卖Reference/Duplicate Sample 参考样品Quality Tolerance 品质公差Counter Sample 对等样品More or Less Clauses 溢短装条款Neutral Packing 中性包装Customs Formality 海关手续Inspection Certificate of Quality 质量检验证书FDA (Food and Drugs Administration) 药品及食品管理局Marking of Goods 货物标记Net Weight 净重Theoretical Weight 理论重量Gross Weight 毛重Computed Tare 约定皮重Conditioned Weight 公量Unit Weight 单位重量Moisture Content 含水量Customary Tare 习惯毛重Legal Weight 法定重量Actual Tare 实际皮重Average Tare 平均毛重BY-product 副产品AQSIQ (State Administration for Quality Supervision and Inspection and Quarantine) 国家质量监督检验检疫总局Representative Samples 代表性样品Original Samples 原始样品Type Samples 标准样品(FAQ)Fair Average Quality 中等品质(GMQ)Good Merchantable Quality 上好可销品质Animal and Plant Quarantine Office 动植物检验机关Register of Shipping 船及机构State Bureau of Metrology 国家计量局Catalogue of Export and Import Commodities Subject to Inspection 进出口商品目录Lloyd’s Surveyor 英国劳氏公证行Chapter 7 International Cargo TransportOil tankers 油轮Voyage Charter 定程租船Ro-Ro vessels 滚装船Time Charter 定期租船LASH(lighter Aboard Ship) 载驳船BBC(Bare Boat Charter) 光船租船Chartering contract 租船合同Sailing schedule 船期表Demurrage charge 滞期费Liner freight tariff 班船运价表Dispatch charge 速遣费Optional additional 选卸附加费Direct additional 直航附加费Transshipment additional 转船附加费Port congestion additional 港口拥挤附加费Forwarding agents 运输代理LCL(Less than Container Load) 拼箱货Settlement of exchange 结汇FCL(Full Container Load) 整箱货Air waybill 空运单CFS(Container Freight Station) 集装箱货运站Shipping advice 装运通知Disposal rights 处置权Partial shipment/transshipment 分批装运Bill of landing 提单Clean B/L 清洁提单Order B/L 提示提单Combined transport B/L 多式联运提单Straight B/L 直接提单/记名提单Through B/L 全程提单/联运提单Liner B/L 班轮提单Ante-dated B/L 倒签提单Advanced B/L 预借提单Consignment note 发货通知书Blank endorsement 空白备书IATA(International Air Transport Association)国际航空运输协会Combined transport documents 联合运输单据Chapter 8 Cargo InsuranceInsurance Applicant 投保人General Average 共同海损Insurance Amount 投保金额Extraneous Risks 外来风险Insurance Policy 保险单Constructive Total Loss 推定全损Perils of the Sea 海上风险Sue and Labor Expenses 施救费用Salvage Charges 救助费用Insurance Broker 承保人Particular Average 单独海损Premium 保险费Air Transportation Cargo War Risks航空运输货物战争险Land Transportation Risks 陆运险All Risks for Land Transportation 陆运一切险Ocean Marine Insurance 海洋运输保险Air Transportation All Risks 航空运输一切险War risks 战争险Basic Risks Coverage 基本保险范围Insured Amount 保险金额T.P.N.D(Theft, Pilferage and Non-delivery)偷窃与提货不着险Taint of Odor 串味险Overland Transportation Insurance 陆上运输保险Parcel Post Insurance 邮包运输保险WPA(With Particular Average) 水渍险/单独海损赔偿FPA(Free from Particular Average) 平安险Additional Risks Coverage 附加险范围Fresh water and/or Rain Damage 淡水雨淋险Insurance Certificate 保险凭证《国际贸易实务》重点词汇Chapter 9 Terms of PriceCost Structure 费用/成本结构Cost of Production 生产费用Profit Margin 边际利润率Selling Cost 销售成本Target Costing 目标成本Variable Cost 可变成本Skimming Price Strategy 撇脂定价策略Penetration Strategy 渗透策略Floating Exchange Risk 浮动汇率风险(TFC)Total Fixed Cost 总固定成本(EDLP)Everyday Low Price 每日低价Cost-based Pricing成本基础定价法Break-even Pricing 损益两平定价法Marginal Cost Pricing 边际成本定价法(BEP)Break-even Point益损两平点Invoicing Currency 计价货币Payment Currency支付货币Hard Currency 硬货币Soft Currency 软货币Exchange Rates汇率Commission/Discount 佣金/折扣Price Adjustment 价款调整Forward Market/Spot Market 期货/现货市场Forward Contract 远期合同Floating Exchange Rates 浮动汇率Forward Rate 期汇率Brokerage House 经纪公司Wall Street Journal 华尔街日报*Plain Commission 透明佣金（不确定）Secret Commission 秘密佣金Quantity Discount 数量折扣Cash Discount 现金折扣Special Discount 特别折扣Unit Price 单价FOB price 离岸价CIF price 到岸价CFR price 成本加运费价格Export-oriented Strategy Firm出口导向型公司Regulations on Foreign Exchange Administration 外汇管理条例SAFE(State Administration of Foreign Exchange) 国家外汇管理局11。

国际贸易高频词汇

国际贸易高频词汇

国际贸易高频词汇一、贸易术语类。

1. FOB（Free on Board）[ˌfriːɒn ˈbɔːd]- 词性：名词短语。

- 释义：船上交货（指定装运港），是指卖方在指定的装运港将货物装上买方指定的船只后，卖方即完成交货义务。

2. CIF（Cost, Insurance and Freight）[ˌkɒst ɪnˈʃʊərəns ænd fre ɪt]- 词性：名词短语。

- 释义：成本、保险费加运费（指定目的港），指卖方必须在合同规定的装运期内在装运港将货物交至运往指定目的港的船上，负担货物越过船舷为止的一切费用和货物灭失或损坏的风险并办理货运保险，支付保险费，以及负责租船订舱，支付从装运港到目的港的正常运费。

3. CFR（Cost and Freight）[ˌkɒst ænd freɪt]- 词性：名词短语。

- 释义：成本加运费（指定目的港），指卖方必须在合同规定的装运期内，在装运港将货物交至运往指定目的港的船上，负担货物越过船舷为止的一切费用和货物灭失或损坏的风险，并负责租船订舱，支付抵达目的港的正常运费。

二、支付方式类。

1. T/T（Telegraphic Transfer）[tɪˈleɡræfɪk trænsˈfɜː(r)]- 词性：名词短语。

- 释义：电汇，是指汇出行应汇款人申请，拍发加押电报\电传或SWIFT给在另一国家的分行或代理行（即汇入行）指示解付一定金额给收款人的一种汇款方式。

2. L/C（Letter of Credit）[ˈletə(r) ɒv ˈkredɪt]- 词性：名词短语。

- 释义：信用证，是指由银行（开证行）依照（申请人的）要求和指示或自己主动，在符合信用证条款的条件下，凭规定单据向第三者（受益人）或其指定方进行付款的书面文件。

3. D/P（Documents against Payment）[ˈdɒkjuments əˈɡenst ˈpeɪmənt]- 词性：名词短语。

WTO法律词汇整理

WTO法律词汇整理

WTO法律词汇整理1.WTO-World Trading Organization世界贸易组织2. Anti-dumping duty 反倾销税3. Appeal （争端解决）上诉4. ATC-Agreement on Textiles and Clothing 《纺织品与服装协议》5. Dumping 倾销6. Bound level 约束水平7. Compensation 补偿8. Consensus 协商一致9. Consultation 磋商10.Countervailing duty 反补贴税11. Customs valuation 海关估价12. DSB--Dispute Settlement Body争端解决机构13. Export subsidy 出口补贴14. GATS--General Agreement on Trade in Service 《服务贸易总协定》15. GATT--General Agreement on Tariff and Trade 《关税与贸易总协定》16. Government procurement 政府采购17. Import licensing 进口许可18. Import substitution 进口替代19. Import surcharge 进口附加税20. Market access 市场准入21. Market price support 市场价格支持22. Material injury 实质损害23. MFN--Most-favored-nation treatment最惠国待遇24. National treatment 国民待遇25. Non-actionable subsidy（补贴协议）不可诉补贴26.NTMs--Non-tariff measur非关税措施27.Plurilateral agreement 诸边协议28. Prohibited subsidy（补贴协议）被禁止的补贴29.Protocols 议定书30.PSI--Preshipment inspection装运前检验31. Rules of origin 原产地规则32. Safeguard Measures 保障措施33. Schedule of concessions 承诺减让表34. Specific tariff 从量税35. SPS-Sanitary and phytosanitary measures 动植物卫生检疫措施36. Tariff binding 关税约束承诺37. Tariffication 关税化38. TBT--Technical barriers to trade技术性贸易壁垒39. TPRM--Trade Policy Review Mechanism贸易政策审议机制40. Transparency 透明度41. TRIMs--Trade related investment measures 与贸易有关的投资设施42. TRIPS--Trade related intellectual property rights 与贸易有关的知识产权43. TRQ--Tariff rate quotas/tariff quotas 关税配额44. Waiver （WTO义务的）豁免45. Ad valorem Tariff 从价税46. Arbitration 仲裁47.Balance-of-payments (BOP) Provisions 国际收支条款48. Ceiling Bindings （关税）上限约束49. Conciliation 调解50. de minimis 微量51. General Exceptions 一般例外52. Illustrative List 例示清单53. Import Surcharge 进口附加税54. Infant Industry 幼稚产业55. Intellectual Property Rights （IPRs）知识产权56. ASEAN Free Trade Are东盟自由贸易区57. “bottleneck” restrictions瓶颈制约59. Transit Duties 过境关税60. Par value of Exchange 汇兑平价61. Autonomous Tariff 自主关税62. Export Finance 出口信贷63. Customs Co-operation Council关税合作理事会64.Tariff Escalation 关税升级65.Margin of Preference 优惠差额66.Effective Vate of Protection有效保护率67.Retaliation and cross retaliation报复与交叉报复68.AMS-Aggregate Measure of Support综合支持量69.Uruguay Round 乌拉圭回合70.DSU-Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Dispute《关于争端解决规则与程序的谅解》71.EST-Environmentally-soundtechnology 环保型技术72.grey area measures 灰色区域措施73.import penetration 进口渗透74.INRs-Initial Negotiating Rights最初谈判权（初谈权）75.local content 当地含量76.nullification and impairment（利益的）丧失和减损77.panel （争端解决）专家组78.peace clause （《农业协议》中关于反补贴的）和平条款79.reporting system 申报制度80.CTG-Council for Trade in Goods货币贸易理事会81.Currency retention scheme货币留成制度82. Ex ante/post 采取措施前/后83. Food security 粮食安全84. Geographical indications（知识产权）地理标识85. Green Box measures（农产品国内支持）绿箱措施86.LDCs-Least-developed countries最不发达国家87. Like product 同类产品88.Montreal Protocol《蒙特利尔议定书》(有关保护大气臭氧层的多边环境协定)89.Notification obligation 通知义务90.Paris Convention 《巴黎公约》(关于保护工业知识产权的公约)plaint （解决争端)申诉方92.Defendant (解决争端)被诉方93.Counter-notification 反向通知94.free-rider 免费搭车者（享受其他国家最惠国待遇而不进行相应减让的国家）95.HS-Harmonized Commodity and Coding System 协调制度（商品名称及编码协调制度）96.AAMA-Administrative Aspects of Market Access 市场准人的行政管理措施97.Import variable duties 进口差价税98.Import surcharge 进口附加税99.SSG-Special Safeguard (《农产品协议》)特殊保障100. MFA-Multifibre Agreement 《多种纤维协定》。

WTO词汇(中英翻译对照)

WTO词汇(中英翻译对照)

关贸总协定，世界贸易组织的前身GATT （General Agreement on Tariffs andTrade）世界贸易组织WTO （World Trade Organization）乌拉圭回合Uruguay Round最惠国待遇（现通常称"正常贸易关系"）MFN（most-favored-nation）treatment 争端解决机构dispute settlement body《关于争端解决规则与程序的谅解》DSU （Understanding on Rules andProcedures Governing the Settlement ofDisputes）《北美自由贸易协定》NAFTA （North American Free TradeAgreement）东盟自由贸易区ASEAN Free Trade Area东部和南部非洲共同市场COMESA （Common Market for Easternand Southern Africa）反倾销措施anti-dumping measures against…非配额产品quota-free products非生产性投资investment in non-productive projects风险管理/评估risk management/ assessment国际收支balance of international payments/balance of payment实行国民待遇grant the national treatment to瓶颈制约"bottleneck" restrictions非洲、加勒比和太平洋国家集团（洛美协定）ACP （African，Caribbean and Pacific Group）（补贴协议）可诉补贴actionable subsidy上诉机构appeal body基础税率base tariff level国际收支条款BOP（Balance-of-payments）Provisions 既定日程built-in agenda约束水平bound level（欧盟）共同农业政策Common Agriculture Policy规避circumvention反补贴税countervailing duty交叉报复cross retaliation海关完税价值customs values环保型技术EST（Environmentally-sound technology）出口实绩export performance出口补贴export subsidy粮食安全food security免费搭车者（享受其他国家最惠国待遇而不进行相应减让的国家）free-rider政府采购government procurement灰色区域措施grey area measuresWTO最不发达国家高级别会议HLM （WTO High-level Meeting for LDCs）协调制度（商品名称及编码协调制度）HS （Harmonized Commodity and CodingSystem）进口许可import licensing进口渗透import penetration最初谈判权（初谈权）INRs （Initial Negotiating Rights）知识产权IPRs （Intellectual property rights）最不发达国家LDCs （Least-developed countries）当地含量local content市场准入market access专门的营销机构market boards（服务贸易）自然人national person国民待遇national treatment（利益的）丧失和减损nullification and impairment（争端解决）专家组panel（《农业协议》中关于反补贴的）和平条款peace clause诸边协议plurilateral agreement（服务贸易）自然人流动presence of natural person生产补贴production subsidy消费膨胀inflated consumption慢性萧条chronic depression进口环节税import linkage tax北美自由贸易区NAFTA （North American Free Trade Area）全球配额global quota祖父条款grandfather clause贸易和投资自由化和便利化TILF （Trade and Investment Liberalizationand Facilitation）国际清算international settlement横向兼并horizontal merger垂直兼并vertical merger垃圾融资junk financing申报制度reporting system；income declarationsystem市场准人的行政管理措施AAMA （Administrative Aspects of MarketAccess）A2000 Agenda 2000年议程Abandoned Claims 被放弃的诉请Acceding Country 申请加入国Acceding Government 申请加入的政府Acceptable Level of Risk 可接受的风险水平Accession 加入Accession Country 加入国Accession Package 加入一揽子文件Accountancy Disciplines 会计准则Accounting Services 会计服务Accreditation 认可Accreditation and Approval 认可和批准Actionable Subsidy （补贴协议）可诉补贴Actual Dumping Margin 实际倾销幅度Actual Value 实际价值Actuarial Services 保险精算服务Actuarial Specialist 精算专家Ad valor tariff 从价税Ad Valorem Duty 从价税Ad Valorem Equivalent 从价等量Ad Valorem Subsidization 从价补贴Ad Valorem Tariff 从价关税Additional Commitments 额外承诺Additional Duty 额外关税Adjustment Cost 调整成本Administered Support Price 政府支持价格Administrative Action 行政行为Administrative Determinations 行政裁定Administrative Revocation 行政撤销Advance Deposit for Imports 预付进口押金Adverse Effects 不利影响Adverse Inferences 不利推断Advertising Services 广告服务Advisory Opinion 咨询性意见Affirmative 肯定裁决Affirmative Defense 积极抗辩Affirmative Determination 肯定性裁定Affirmative Finding 肯定性调查结果Afford Adequate Opportunity 提供充分机会After Sales Services 售后服务Agency Insurance Services 保险代理服务Agenda 22 世纪议程Aggregate measure of support 综合支持量Aggressive Multilateralism 攻击性多边主义Aggressive Reciprocity 攻击性互惠Agreed database 各方都同意的数据库Agreed Exclusions 议定的例外Agreed Standard From 议定的标准格式Agreement on Agriculture 农业协定Agreement on Compensation 补偿协定Agricultural Integration 农业一体化Agriculture Protection Argument 农业保护论Air Transport Services 空运服务Alleged Dumping 被指控的倾销Alleged Injury 被指控的损害Alleged Subsidy 被指控的补贴Allocation of Quotas 配额分配Allowance for Waste 损耗Alternative Duty 选择税Amber Box Measures （农产品国内支持）黄箱措施Amendments to WTO Agreements 协定修改American Selling Price（ASP）美国销售价格Amicus Brief 法庭之友的书面陈述Amicus Curiae 法庭之友amount of subsidy 补贴数额AMS Disciplines 综合支持量纪律AMS Methodology 综合支持量方法Analogue Country 替代国Analytical Index 分析索引Ancillary Services 空运辅助服务Animal Welfare 动物福利Annual bound commitment 年度约束水平Anti-Circumvention 反规避Anti-Circumvention Action 反规避行动Anti-Competitive Practices 反竞争做法Anti-Dumping 反倾销Anti-Dumping Act 反倾销法Anti-Dumping Action 反倾销行动Anti-Dumping Agreement 反倾销协定Anti-Dumping Code 反倾销守则Anti-Dumping Complaint 反倾销申诉Anti-Dumping Duty 反倾销税Anti-Dumping Duty Order 反倾销税令Anti-Dumping Investigation 反倾销调查Anti-Dumping Law 反倾销法律Anti-dumping measures（AD,A-D）反倾销措施Anti-Dumping Penalty 反倾销补偿金Anti-Dumping Policy 反倾销政策Anti-Dumping Practice 反倾销实践Anti-Dumping Proceeding 反倾销程序Anti-Dumping Tribunal 反倾销调查裁决机关Anti-Globalization 反全球化Anti-Surge Clause 反激增条款Appeal （争端解决）上诉Appeals 上诉Appellate Body 上诉机构Appellate Body Report 上诉机构报告Appellate Review 上诉审查Appellations of Origin 原产地名称Appellee 被上诉方Applicant Contracting Party 申请缔约方Application Form 申请表格Application Procedures 申请程序Appraised Value 估定价值Appraisement 估价Appropriate Compensation 适当补偿Appropriate Countermeasures 适当反措施Appropriate Schedule 适当减让表Arbitration 仲裁Arbitration Award 仲裁裁决Architectural Services 建筑设计服务Archive Services 档案服务Arm’s Length Negotiations 公平谈判Arm’s Length Price 公平价格Arm’s Length Pricing 公平定价Arm’s Length Rate 公平利润率Arm’s Length Transaction 公平交易Artwork 工艺Assessment of Risk 风险评估Assessment of Tariff Offers 评估关税出价Assessment of the Origin 原产地预确定Asset Management 资产管理服务Assignment 转让Assignment Agreement 转让协议Assignor 转让人Assurance of Conformity 合格保证Asymmetrical Comparison 非对称比较At-the-Border Barriers 边境壁垒Audiovisual Service 视听服务Auditing Services 审计服务Automatic Import Licensing 自动进口许可Automatic Licensing 自动许可Autonomous Trade Regimes 自主贸易制度Average CIF Unit Value 平均到岸价Average Reference Price 平均参考价格Award 裁决A Reasonable Rate of Increase in Reserves 储备增加的合理比率Abuse of Intellectual Property Rights 滥用知识产权Access to Confidential Information 对机密信息的获取Accident and Health Insurance services 意外和健康保险服务会计、审计和簿记服务Accounting, Auditing and Book-keepingServices知识产权的取得或维持Acquisition or Maintenance of IntellectualProperty Rights协议适用之日前发生的行为Acts Occurring Prior to Date of Applicationof Agreement纺织品与服装协定中的实际威胁Actual Threat under Agreement on Textileand Clothing临时减少或豁免关税Ad Interim Reduction or Exemption ofCustoms DutiesAd Valorem Percentage Criterion 从价百分比标准多种纤维安排中的延期一年Additional Period of One Year underMulti-Fibre AgreementAdditional Written Memoranda 附加书面备忘录适当和持久的技术资质Adequate and Enduring TechnicalCompetenceAdministration of Trade Regulations 贸易法规的实施市场准入的行政管理措施Administrative Aspects of Market Access(AAMA)（农产品）综合支持量Aggregate Measurement of Support(AMS)Administrative Memorandum 行政备忘录Administrative Procedures and Remedies 行政程序和救济Administrative, Selling and General Costs 管理、销售和一般费用Advisory and other Auxiliary Services 金融咨询和其他附属服务Advisory, Intermediation Services 金融咨询、中介服务（农业）综合支持量Aggregate measurement of support（AMS ）国际投资保护协定Agreement for Protection of InternationalInvestmentAgreement on Textile and Clothing(ATC) 纺织品与服装协定与投资有关的贸易措施Agreement on Trade-Related InvestmentMeasures(TRIMs)协定及相关法律文件Agreements and Associated LegalInstrumentsAgricultural Chemical Products 农业化学物质产品Aircraft Repair and Maintenance Services 航空器的维修和保养服务Allocation of Shares in the Quota 配额中的份额分配Alternative Dispute Resolution 争端解决的替代方式American Selling Price System of Valuation 美国销售价格估价制度Amicus Submissions by NGOs 非政府组织的法庭之友书面陈述Amount for Profit and General Expenses 利润和一般费用总额以接受者所获利益形式的补贴金额Amount of a Subsidy in Terms of theBenefit to the RecipientAn Inconsistency of a Serious Nature 严重不符Andean Community 安第斯共同体Annecy Round 安纳西回合年度和最终约束承诺水平Annual and Final Bound CommitmentLevels出口补贴年度承诺水平Annual Export Subsidy CommitmentLevelsAnti-Dumping Act of 1916 1916 年反倾销法Anti-Dumping Act of 1921 1921 年反倾销法Appellate Body Operating Fund(ABOF) 上诉机构业务基金Application for Anti-Dumping Action 反倾销调查申请Application of International Standards 适用国际标准后续条约的适用Application of Successive TreatiesRelative to the Same Subject-MatterApplications Specialist 系统应用专家卫生或植物卫生保护的适当水平Appropriate Level of Sanitary orPhytosanitary ProtectionArbitrary or Fictitious Customs Values 武断或虚构的海关价格Area of Low Pest or Disease Prevalence 病虫害低度流行区磋商与合作安排Arrangements for Consultation andCooperationArticle 2 Exemptions 第 2 条例外Article 21.5 Panel 第21.5 款专家组Article 22.6 Arbitration 第22.6 款仲裁Assistance for Research Activities 研究活动补助Associated Foreign Direct Investment 关联外国直接投资Assured Life of the Schedules 减让表的有效期Attribution of Serious Damage in ATC 纺织品与服装协定中严重损害的归因乌拉圭回合中的视听服务谈判Audio Visual Service Negotiations in theUruguay RoundAuthoritative Interpretation of Provisions 适用协定规定的权威性解释海关数据自动化系统Automated System for CustomsDate(ASYCUDA)Automatic Import Licensing Procedures 自动进口许可程序Auxiliary Financial Services 附属金融服务‘Bottleneck’restrictions 瓶颈制约Background and Authority 背景与主管机关Balance of payment(BOP) 国际收支Base Levels 基础水平Base Period 基期Base tariff level 基础税率Base Total AMS 基期综合支持总量Basic Agricultural Product 基本农产品Basic Telecommunications 基础电信Basket Tariff Quota 一揽子关税配额Benchmark Price 基准价格Benefit Accruing 获得的利益Benefit to the Recipient 给予受益人的利益Benefits of Trade 贸易利益Bidding Quotation 投标报价Bilateral Agreement 双边协定配额Bilateral Emergency Basis 双边应急基础Bilateral Investment 双边投资Bilateral Quota 双边配额Bilateral Tax Treaty 双边税收条约Bilateral Trade 双边贸易Bilateral Trade Agreement 双边贸易协定Bilateralism 双边主义Binding Commitments 约束承诺Binding of Duty Rates 关税税率约束Binding of Duty Treatment 关税待遇约束Blair House Accord 布莱尔宫协定Blue Box 蓝箱Blue Box measures （农业国内支持）“蓝箱措施”Blue box policies 蓝箱政策Board Tariff Reduction 广泛关税减让Bonded Factory 保税工厂BOP Provisions 国际收支条款Border Measures 边境措施Border Tax 边境税Border tax adjustments (BTA) 边境税调整Bound level 约束水平Bound MFN Rate 约束最惠国关税率Bound Schedule 约束税率表Bound tariff rates 约束税率Bounty 奖励Breach of Confidence 泄密Bretton Woods System 布雷顿森林体系Broadband Services 宽带服务Broadcasting Organization 广播组织Broking Services 经纪服务Brussels Declaration 布鲁塞尔宣言Building Block System 板块系统方法Building Codes 建筑法规Building-Cleaning Services 建筑物清洁服务Built in agenda 既定日程Built-in agenda （WTO）既定议程Built-In Swing 调用Burden of Proof 举证责任Business Exception 商业例外Business Practice 商业实践Business Support Services 商务支持服务But for Test “若非”标准Buying Commission 购买佣金Backdoor Protectionism 后门保护主义纺织品与服装协定下权利和义务的平衡Balance of Rights and Obligations underATCBalance-of-Payments Consultations 国际收支磋商Balance-of-Payments Difficulties 国际收支困难Balance-of-payments provisions 国际收支条款Banking and Related Financial Services 银行及相关金融服务Basel Convention 《巴塞尔公约》（有关危险废弃物的多边环境协定）（GATT）《基本文件资料选编》Basic Instruments and SelectedDocuments（BISD）Basic Telecommunication Services 基础电信服务Basic Telecommunications Operator 基础电信运营商Belgian Family Allowances 比利时家庭补助案Berne Convention 《伯尔尼公约》（《保护文学艺术作品的伯尔尼公约》）Best Information Available 可获得的最佳信息bilateral investment treaties (BIT) 双边投资协定Bilateral Trade and Payments Agreements 双边贸易与支付协定Board Tariff Cutting Formula 划一削减公式Border Enforcement of IPR 知识产权的边境执法Bound Free Duty 约束免税待遇Branch or Representative Office 分公司或代表处Brief Summary of Legal Basis of Complaint 申诉的法律根据摘要Brief Summary of Legal Basis of Complaint 诉请的法律根据摘要Brussels Definition of Value(BDV) 布鲁塞尔对价值的定义Budgetary Commitment Levels 预算支出承诺水平预算支出削减承诺Budgetary Outlay ReductionCommitments非违反之诉的举证责任Burden of Proof in Non-ViolationNullification or Impairment Claims举证责任转移Burden Shifting Where Quantity ExportedExceeds CommitmentsBusiness Confidential Information 商业秘密信息Cairns Group 凯恩斯集团Cairns Group 凯恩斯集团Cancellation 注销Cancellation of Registration 注销注册Capital Expenditure 资本支出Capital Subsidy 资本补贴Captive Production 内部生产Cargo Handling Services 货物装卸服务Carry Forward 借用Carry Over 留用Cash Deposit 保证金Causal Factors 因果关系要素Causality 因果关系Causation 因果关系Cause Shown 陈述的理由Ceiling Tax Rate 最高税率Certificate of Origin 原产地证书Certification Systems 认证体系Challenge Procedures 质疑程序Channels of Commerce 商业渠道Charge 费用Chronic depression 慢性萧条Circumvention 规避Circumvention by Transshipment 转运规避Civil Aircraft Products 民用航空器产品Claim 权利请求Claims 诉请Claims Versus Arguments 诉请与论据Clothing 服装Collective Action 集体行动Combined tariff 混合税Commencement of Appeal 上诉的开始Commercial Considerations 商业考虑Commercial Exhibition 商业性放映Commercial Exploitation 商业性利用Commercial Level 商业水平Commercial presence （服务贸易）商业存在Commercial Rental 商业性出租Commercial Services 商业服务Commission and Brokerage 佣金和经纪费Common Agriculture Policy 共同农业政策Common Quota 共同配额Common Register 共同登记机构Communications Services 通讯服务Comparable Price 可比价格Compensation 补偿Compensation Negotiation 补偿谈判Compensation Trade 补偿贸易Compensatory Adjustment 补偿性调整Competition policy 竞争政策Compilations of Date 数据汇编Complaining Party (解决争端)申诉方Complaint 申诉Complaint Procedure 申诉程序Compliance 符合Compliance Report 执行专家组报告Comprehensive 全面报告Compulsory Licensing 强制许可Computed Value 计算价格Computed Value Method 计算价格估价方法Computer Programs 计算机程序Computer Services 计算机服务Concealed Dumping 隐蔽倾销Concession Negotiation 减让谈判Concurrence 同意意见Conditional Appeal 附条件上诉Conditions of Competition 竞争条件Conduct of Business 处事规则Confidential Information 机密信息Conflict of Interest 利益冲突Conformity Assessment 合格评定Consensus 协商一致Consensus Minus 除了……协商一致Consignment Requirements 运输条件Consolidated Notification 综合通知书Consolidated Schedules 综合减让表Constituent Territories 组成领土Constitutional Procedures 宪法程序Constructed Export Price 推定出口价格Constructed Value 推定价值Constructive Remedies 建设性救济措施Consular Transactions 领事事项Consultation 磋商Consultation Procedures 磋商程序Consulting Country 参与磋商的国家Consulting Member 参与磋商的成员方Consumer Preference 消费者偏好Consumption Abroad （服务贸易）境外消费Contracting parties （GATT）缔约方Conventional Tariff 协定关税Conversion of Duties 关税转换Converted Concessions 转换的关税减让Copyright 版权Copyright Piracy 盗版Copyright Protection 版权保护Copyright Works 版权作品Corrective Measures 纠正措施Cost Date 成本数据Costs and Charges 成本和费用Counsel 法庭律师Counter purchase 反向购买Counter trade 补偿贸易Counterclaim 反诉Counter-Complaint 反诉诉状Counterfeit Goods 假冒商品Counterfeiting 假冒Countermeasures 反措施Counter-notification 反向通知Countervailing Charge 反补贴指控Countervailing Duty Action 反补贴税行动Countervailing Duty Law 反补贴税法Countervailing Duty Order 征收反补贴税令Countervailing Duty Rate 反补贴税率Countervailing duty（CVD）反补贴税Countervailing Measures 反补贴措施Country-of-Origin Marking 原产地标记Courier Services 快递服务Course of Trade 贸易过程Covered Agreements 适用协定Criminal Procedures 刑事程序Criteria for Patentability 授予专利的标准Critical Circumstances 危急情况Crop Insurance Scheme 农作物保险计划Cross border supply （服务贸易）跨境交付Cross Border Trade 跨境贸易Cross check 交叉核实Cross Licensing 交叉许可Cross retaliation 交叉报复Cross-Cutting Issues 跨领域议题Cultural exception 文化例外Cumulation 累积Cumulation of Injury 损害积累Cumulative Assessment 累积评估Cumulative Indirect Taxes 累积间接税Cumulative Injury 累积的损害Cumulative Injury Assessment 累积损害评估Cumulative Market Disruption 累积市场扰乱Cumulative Rules of Origin 累计原产地规则Cumulative Subsidies 累计补贴Currency Conversion 货币换算Currency retention scheme 货币留成制度Currency Retention Schemes 货币保留方案Current Access Commitments 现行准入承诺Current Total AMS （农业）现行综合支持Customary Business Practice 传统商业惯例Customary International Law 国际习惯法Customs Act 海关法Customs Administration 海关当局Customs Area 海关境域Customs Barriers 关税壁垒Customs Bonded Warehouse 海关保税仓库Customs Border 关境Customs Cooperation 海关合作Customs Documentation 海关文件Customs Drawback 海关退税Customs Duties 海关关税Customs Duty 关税Customs Duty 关税免除Customs Enforcement 海关执法Customs Fee 海关规费Customs Frontier 关税边境Customs House 海关Customs Nomenclature 海关税则目录Customs Statistics 海关统计Customs Supervision and Control 海关监管Customs Surveillance Zone 海关监管区Customs Tariff 海关税则Customs union（CU）关税同盟Customs Valuation 海关估价Customs value 海关完税价值Customs-Free Area 关税自由区Cyclical Dumping 周期性倾销综合支持量的计算Calculation of Aggregate Measurement ofSupportCalculation of Current Total AMS 现行综合支持总量的计算Capable of Industrial Application 工业实用性Central Government Authority 中央政府当局Central Government Body 中央政府机构Central Government Standardizing Body 中央政府标准化机构Centrally Planned Economy 中央计划经济体Centrally Planned Economy Countries 中央计划经济国家Certificate of Origin Form 59A 原产地证书格式59ACertificate of Origin Form A 原产地证书格式 AChallenges to Validity 对有效性提出异议Change in Relative Shares of the Market 市场相对份额的变化Change in Tariff Classification 税则归类改变Change of Tariff Classification Criterion 税则归类改变标准Charge on the Public Account 公共账户的支出电路交换数据传输服务Circuit-Switched Data TransmissionServicesCircumstances of Extreme Urgency 极端紧急情况对反倾销征税措施的规避Circumvention of Anti-Dumping DutyMeasures规避出口补贴承诺Circumvention of Export SubsidyCommitments民事和行政程序与救济Civil and Administrative Procedures andRemediesClean Report of Findings 检验结果清洁报告书Code on Import Licensing Procedures 进口许可程序守则Coercive Package Licensing 强制的一揽子许可共同决定Collegiality Among Appellate BodyMembersCombination of Know Design Features 已知设计特征组合Commercial Terms and Conditions 商业条款和条件Commercially Traded Services 商业性服务贸易Commission Agent’s Services佣金代理服务Commitments on National Treatment 国民待遇承诺Commitments on Support and Protection 支持和保护的承诺Common Agricultural Policy(CAP) （欧盟）共同农业政策Communications with Panel/Appellate 与专家组或上诉机构的联系BodyCompetence of Panel to Hear a Dispute 专家组审理争端案件的权限计算机订座系统服务Computer Reservation SystemServices(CRS)Concession Initially Negotiated 最初谈判的减让Concurrence of the Contracting Parties 缔约方的同意有条件的最惠国待遇Conditional Most-Favoured-NationTreatmentConditional National Treatment 附条件的国民待遇Conditions and Terms of Sale 销售的条件和条款条件、限制、例外和保留Conditions, Limitations, Exceptions andReservationsConfidential Business Information 机密商业信息Confidentiality of Consultations 磋商的机密性Confidentiality of Information 信息机密性Conformity Assessment Procedures 合格评定程序Conformity Assessment Systems 合格评定体系Consequences of Treaty Termination 条约终止的后果保护可用尽的自然资源Conservation of Exhaustible NaturalResourcesConsolidated Tariff Schedules 综合关税减让表Consolidated Tariff Schedules Database 综合关税减让表数据库建筑及相关工程服务Construction and Related EngineeringServicesConsular Invoices and Certificates 领事发票和证书Consulting and other Business Services 咨询和其他商务服务Consumer Subsidy Equivalent （CSE ）消费者补贴等值Consumption in Governmental 供政府消费使用Contact Point for Information 信息咨询点Container Station and Depot Services 集装箱堆场服务Contingent Trade Remedy 紧急贸易救济Contingent Trade Remedy 应急贸易救济机制继续适用关税与贸易总协定减让表Continuing Application of GATTSchedulesContracting Parties Primarily Concerned 主要有关缔约各方Contractual Joint Venture 契约式合资企业Contractual Trade Regimes 契约贸易制度控制、检查和批准程序Control, Inspection and ApprovalProceduresConventional Tariff System 协定税则制度Copyright and Related Rights 版权与相关权利Cottage Industry Products 家庭手工业产品Cotton-Producing Exporting Members 产棉出口成员Counterfeit Trademark Goods 假冒商标商品Countervailing Duty Determinations 关于反补贴税的决定Countervailing Duty Petition 反补贴税调查诉请Countervailing Duty Proceedings 反补贴税调查程序Country-Specific Derogations 某些国家享受的例外Criteria for Eligibility for Protection 享受保护的资格标准制造或加工工序标准Criterion of Manufacturing or ProcessingOperationCritical Shortages of Foodstuffs 粮食的严重缺乏Cross Border Supply of Services 跨境提供服务Cross Border Trade in Services 跨境服务贸易Cumulative Acquisition of Origin 累计取得原产地Cumulative Assessment of Dumping 对倾销的累积评估Customs Clearance Services 海关清关服务Customs Warehousing Procedure 海关保税仓库管理制度Damage 损害Damage Difficult to Repair 难于补救的损害Damages 损害赔偿De Facto Discrimination 事实上的歧视De Facto Specificity 事实专向性De Jure 法律上的De Jure Discrimination 法律上的歧视De Minimis 微量允许De Minimis Dumping Margins 微量倾销幅度De Minimis Effects 微量影响De Minimis Imports 微量进口De Minimis Modifications 微小修改De minimis provision 最低减让条款De Minimis Safeguard Rule 保障措施的微量规则De Minimis Standard 微量标准De Minimis Subsidies 微量补贴Debt Repayment 债务偿还Deceptive Practice 欺诈行为Decision Tree 决策树Decisive Guidance 决定性的指导Deductive Method 倒扣价格法Deductive Value 倒扣价格Deep Amber 黄箱政策Defendant ( 解决争端) 被诉方Degree of Tariff Binding 关税约束水平Delaying Tactics 拖延战术Delivery of a Service 服务的提供Denial of Benefits 利益的拒绝给予Denial of Entry of Goods 拒绝货物入境Dental Services 牙医服务Depress Prices(to) 压低价格Descriptive Characteristics 描述特征Descriptive Part 陈述部分Design Work 设计Designated Products 指定产品Designated Trading 指定经营Determination 裁决Determination of Dumping 倾销的确定Determination of Injury 损害的确定Determination of Origin 原产地确定Developing Country 发展中国家Development 开发Development Box 发展箱Development Costs 开发成本Deviation 偏离Differences in Commercial 不同商业水平Differential Duties 差别关税Differential Export 差别出口税Differential Income 差别收入税Differential Measures 差别措施Diffuse Reciprocity 扩散性互惠Dillon Round 狄龙回合Direct Discussions 直接对话Direct Discussions 直接交货Direct Income Support 直接收支持Direct Insurance 直接保险Direct Investment 直接投资Direct payment 直接支付Direct Subsidy 直接补贴Dirty Tariffication 肮脏的关税化Discretionary 裁量性立法Discrimination 歧视Discriminatory Pricing 歧视性定价Discussant 引导人Disguised Trade Barriers 变相贸易壁垒Dispersed Tariff Rate 分散型关税税率Dispute Settlement 争端解决Dispute Settlement Officer 争端解决官员Dispute Settlement Procedure 争端解决程序Dispute Settlement Registrar 争端解决登记人Disruptive Effects 扰乱性影响Disruptive Imports 扰乱性进口Dissent 反对意见Distinctiveness 显著性Distribution of Trade 贸易分配Distribution Services 分销服务Diversionary Dumping 移转倾销Doctrine of Comparative 比较成本说Doha Development Agenda 多哈发展议程Doha Work Programme 多哈工作计划Domestic Commodities 国内商品Domestic Content 当地成分要求Domestic Industry 国内产业Domestic Law 国内法Domestic Price 国内价格Domestic production 国内生产Domestic Products 国产产品Domestic Regulation 国内规制Domestic Subsidy 国内补贴Domestic support ( 农产品) 国内支持Double Counting 重复计算Double Deflation Method 双重紧缩方法Double Evart Formula 双重偏离公式Double Taxation 双重征税Downstream Dumping 下游倾销Downstream Product 下游产品Downstream Subsidy 下游补贴Draft Standard 标准草案Drawback Scheme 退税方案Dry Cleaning Services 干洗服务Dual Pricing 双重定价Dual Tariff 加重关税Dumped Exports 倾销出口产品Dumped Prices 倾销价格Dumping 倾销Dumping Duties 倾销税Dumping Margin 倾销幅度Dutiable Value 应税价格Duty 税收Duty Deferral Programme 关税缓征方案Duty Drawback 税收返还Duty Free 免税Duty Free Goods 免税货物Duty Free Quota 免税进口配额Duty–Free Treatment 免税待遇Dyeing and Colouring Services 染色服务Eco-Dumping 生态倾销Eco-Duties 环境税Eco-Labbeling 环境标签Economic Data 经济数据Economic Integration 经济一体化Economic Needs Test 经济需求测试Economic Policies 经济政策Economic Quantities 经济数量Economies in Transition 转型经济体Eco-Packaging 环保包装Eco-Protectionism 环境贸易保护主义Eco-Standards 环境标准Educational Tariff 培育关税Elastic Duties 弹性关税Electricity Reticulation 电力网络Electronic Commerce 电子商务Emergency Action 紧急行动Emergency Measures 紧急措施Emergency Tariff 紧急关税Empire Preferences 帝国特惠制Enabling Clause 授权条款Enabling Clause 授权条款End Product Criteria 最终产品标准Enforcement Committee 执法委员会Enforcement of Monopolies 垄断的实施Enforcement Procedures 实施程序Engineering Services 工程服务Enquiry Point 咨询点Entertainment Services 娱乐服务Environmental Dumping 环境倾销Environmental Programmes 环境计划Environmental Services 环境服务Environmental Subsidy 环境补贴Equitable Treatment 公平待遇Escalated Tariff 升级关税Escape Clause 免税条款Established Quota 既定配额Estoppel 禁止翻供Evidence 证据Ex ante 采取措施前Ex Officio Action 依职权的行动Ex Parte Communications 单方面联系Ex post 采取措施后Exception Measures 例外措施Exceptions to the Agreement 协议例外Exchange Action 外汇措施Exchange Dumping 外汇倾销Exchange Dumping Duty 外汇倾销税Exchange Risk Programmes 外汇风险计划Exchange Taxes 汇兑税Excise Duty 消费税Exclusion Order 排除令Exclusive Agents 独家代理商Exclusive Economic Zone 专属经济区Exclusive Export Rights 专属出口权Exclusive Import Rights 专属进口权Exclusive Marketing Rights 独占行销权Executive Branch 执行机构Executive Committee 执行委员会Exemption Treatment 豁免待遇Ex-Factory Level 出厂价水平Exhibits 清单Existing Programs 现有计划Expiry review 到期复审Explicit Consensus 协商一致Exploitation of a Patent 专利的使用Exploitation of the Works 作品的利用Export Competition 出口竞争Export Competitiveness 出口竞争力Export Contingency 出口相倚性Export Credit 出口信贷Export Credit Guarantee 出口信贷担保Export Credit Insurance 出口信贷保险Export Credit Practice 出口信贷做法Export Duty 出口税Export Performance 出口实绩Export Prohibitions 出口禁止Export Restrictions 出口限制Export Subsidies 出口补贴Export Unit Value 出口单位价值Fabrics 织物Fact and adversarial elements 事实和对抗性要素Fact Finding 事实认定Fact Versus Law 事实与法律Facts Available 可获得的事实Factual Abstract 事实概要Factual Presentation 事实陈述Fair Comparison 公平比较False Declarations 虚假陈述Favorable Balance of Trade 贸易顺差Feasible Methods 可行性方法Fees and Formalities 规费和手续Fees or other Charges 规费和其他费用Fibre Content 纤维成分Final Anti-Dumping Duty 最终反倾销税Final Anti-Dumping Measure 最终反倾销措施Final Countervailing Duty 最终反补贴税Final Determination 最终裁定Final decision 终裁Final Duties 最终税Final Liability for Payment 最终支付责任Final Panel Report 专家组的最终报告Final Provisions 最后条款Financial Contribution 财政资助Financial Leasing Services 金融租赁服务Financial Regulations 财务条例Financial Services 金融服务Finding of Serious Injury 严重损害的认定Findings （争端解决）调查结果Findings and Conclusions 调查结果和结论Findings of Facts 事实的调查结果First Regionalism 第一次区域主义浪潮Fiscal Incentives 财政激励Flat Rate Subsidy 统一费率补贴Flat Tariff Structure 单一关税结构Flexibility Provisions 灵活条款Follow-Down Dumping 诱发性倾销Food Aid Convention 粮食援助公约Food Security 粮食安全Food Security Box 粮食安全政策Food-Importing Group 粮食进口集团Foreign Exchange Arrangements 外汇安排Foreign Tax Credit 外国税收抵免Foreign Trade 对外贸易Foreign Trade Barriers 对外贸易壁垒Foreign Trade Financing 对外贸易融资Foreign Trade Law 对外贸易法Foreign Trade Zones(FTZs) 对外贸易区Foreign-Source Income 国外来源收入Forestall the Imminent Threat 防止紧迫威胁Forfeiture 没收Format of Evidence 证据的形式Formula Tariff Reductions 公式化关税减让Forward Markets 远期市场Four Freedoms 四项自由Fragmented Industries 零散产业Framework Agreements 框架协议Franchise Tax 特许权税Franchising Services 特许经营服务Free and Fair Trade 自由和公平贸易Free Imports 自由进口货物Free Trade 自由贸易Free trade area（FTA）自由贸易区Free Trade Zone（FTZ）自由贸易园区Free-rider 免费搭车者（享受待遇而不减让成员）Freight Dumping 运费倾销Freight Forwarding Services 货代服务Full Contracting Party 正式缔约方Fully Grant Form 完全捐赠形式Function of Panels 专家组的职能Fundamental Fairness 基本公正Fundamental Research 基础研究Further Processing 进一步加工GATT a La Carte 关贸总协定的选择性承诺General Exception 一般例外General Expenses 一般费用General Safeguard Clause 一般保障条款Geneva Round 日内瓦回合Geographical Indications (知识产权)地理标志（识）Global Quota 全球配额Good Faith 善意Good Offices 斡旋Governing Body 主管机关Government Expenditure 政府开支Government Finance 政府财政Government Financing 政府融资Government Funds 财政资金Government Infusion 政府参股Government Loan 政府贷款Government Procurement 政府采购Governmental Assistance 政府援助Governmental Services 政府服务Graduation Clause 毕业条款Grandfather Clause 祖父条款Grant back Condition 返授条件Granting Authority 授予机关Green Box measures （农业国内支持）“绿箱措施”Green Labeling 绿色标签Grey-Area Measures 灰色区域措施Growth Rates 增长率GSP Giving Countries 普惠制施惠国GSP Status 普惠制地位Handling Charges 作业费Handling Costs 处理成本Hard-Core Waiver 硬核豁免Harmless Error 无害错误Harmonization 协调Harmonized Standards 协调标准Harmonized System 协调制度Havana Charter 哈瓦那宪章Headquarters Agreement 总部协议Health Insurance Services 健康保险服务Health Protection Measures 健康保护措施Hearing of the Case 案件的审理Herring and Salmon 鲱鱼和鲑鱼案Hidden Dumping 隐藏性倾销Hidden Subsidy 暗补Higher Education Services 高等教育服务Highly Indebted Poor Countries 重债穷国Hire Purchase 租购Historical Preferences 历史上的优惠Honest Commercial Practices 诚实商业做法Horizontal Arrangements 水平安排Horizontal Commitments 水平承诺Horizontal Integration 水平整合Horizontal merger 横向兼并Horizontal Trade 水平贸易Hospital Services 医院服务Identical Goods 相同货物Immunity from Taxation 租税豁免Impairment 减损Impairment of Benefits 利益之减损。

国际贸易专业英语单词

国际贸易专业英语单词

国际贸易专业英语单词1. Import - 进口2. Export - 出口3. Trade - 贸易4. Goods - 商品5. Services - 服务6. Tariff - 关税7. Duty - 关税8. Customs - 海关9. Free trade - 自由贸易10. Balance of trade - 贸易平衡11. Trade deficit - 贸易赤字12. Trade surplus - 贸易顺差13. Trade barrier - 贸易壁垒14. Quota - 进口限额15. Embargo - 禁运16. Dumping - 倾销17. Dumping margin - 倾销幅度18. Anti-dumping duty - 反倾销税19. Subsidy - 补贴20. Trade agreement - 贸易协议21. World Trade Organization (WTO) - 世界贸易组织22. Free trade agreement - 自由贸易协议23. Preferential trade agreement - 优惠贸易协议24. Trade dispute - 贸易争端25. Trade war - 贸易战争26. Bilateral trade - 双边贸易第1页/共6页27. Multilateral trade - 多边贸易28. Exchange rate - 汇率29. Currency - 货币30. Foreign exchange - 外汇31. Importer - 进口商32. Exporter - 出口商33. Trade deficit - 贸易赤字34. Trade surplus - 贸易顺差35. Inflation - 通货膨胀36. Deflation - 通货紧缩37. Cross-border trade - 跨境贸易38. Trade finance - 贸易融资39. Letter of credit - 信用证40. Bill of lading - 提单41. Incoterms - 货物贸易术语42. FOB (Free On Board) - 离岸价43. CIF (Cost, Insurance, and Freight) - 到岸价44. EXW (Ex Works) - 工厂交货价45. Port of entry - 入境口岸46. Port of exit - 出境口岸47. Shipping - 运输48. Logistics - 物流49. Clearing agent - 清关代理商50. Inbound logistics - 入境物流51. Outbound logistics - 出境物流52. Customs duty - 海关税53. Import license - 进口许可证54. Export license - 出口许可证55. Import quota - 进口配额56. Export quota - 出口配额57. Import restrictions - 进口限制58. Export restrictions - 出口限制59. Trade policy - 贸易政策60. Trade negotiations - 贸易谈判61. Market access - 市场准入62. Non-tariff barriers - 非关税壁垒63. Intellectual property rights - 知识产权64. Counterfeit - 仿冒65. Trademark - 商标66. Patent - 专利67. Copyright - 版权68. Royalties - 版权使用费69. Anti-counterfeiting - 打击假冒70. Dumping investigation - 倾销调查71. Import substitution - 进口替代72. Export promotion - 出口促进73. Trade facilitation - 贸易便利化74. Trade dispute settlement - 贸易争端解决75. Trade remedy - 贸易救济措施76. Dumping margin - 倾销幅度77. Safeguard measures - 保障措施78. Countervailing duty - 反补贴税79. Anti-dumping duty - 反倾销税80. Tariff escalation - 关税递增81. Product standards - 产品标准82. Technical barriers to trade - 技术贸易壁垒83. Sanitary and phytosanitary measures - 卫生和植物检疫措施84. Trade remedy investigation - 贸易救济调查85. Dispute settlement mechanism - 争端解决机制第3页/共6页86. Preferential tariffs - 优惠关税87. Most favored nation (MFN) - 最惠国待遇88. General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) - 关税与贸易总协定89. Regional trade agreement (RTA) - 区域贸易协定90. Free trade area - 自由贸易区91. Customs union - 关税同盟92. Common market - 共同市场93. Economic integration - 经济一体化94. North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) - 北美自由贸易协定95. European Union (EU) - 欧盟96. Single market - 单一市场97. Customs union - 关税同盟98. European Economic Community (EEC) - 欧洲经济共同体99. Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) - 东南亚国家联盟100. Pacific Alliance - 太平洋联盟101. Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) - 跨太平洋伙伴关系102. World Bank - 世界银行103. International Monetary Fund (IMF) - 国际货币基金组织104. International trade law - 国际贸易法105. International trade finance - 国际贸易融资106. International trade dispute resolution - 国际贸易争端解决107. Import substitution industrialization (ISI) - 进口替代工业化108. Outward processing trade - 外加工贸易109. Offshore trade - 离岸贸易110. Advance payment - 预付款111. Documentary credit - 跟单信用证112. Documentary collection - 跟单托收113. Factoring - 让与114. Forfaiting - 福费廷115. Letter of indemnity - 不足保证书116. Standby letter of credit - 保函117. Open account - 开立账户118. Bill of exchange - 汇票119. Commercial invoice - 商业发票120. Packing list - 装箱单121. Certificate of origin - 原产地证书122. Import declaration - 进口申报123. Export declaration - 出口申报124. Insurance certificate - 保险凭证125. Bill of lading - 提单126. Bill of lading - 佣提单127. Bill of lading - 非佣提单128. Air waybill - 空运提单129. Phytosanitary certificate - 植物检疫证书130. Certificate of inspection - 检验证书131. Certificate of conformity - 符合性证明132. Certificate of quality - 质量证明书133. Country of origin - 原产国134. Harmonized System (HS) code - 统一编码135. Tariff code - 关税编码136. Value-added tax (VAT) - 增值税137. Excise tax - 特别消费税138. Withholding tax - 扣缴税139. Customs valuation - 海关估价140. Transfer pricing - 转让定价141. Import duty - 进口关税第5页/共6页142. Export duty - 出口关税143. Import restrictions - 进口限制144. Export restrictions - 出口限制145. Inventory - 库存146. Supply chain - 供应链147. Market research - 市场调查148. Trade show - 贸易展览会149. Market segmentation - 市场细分150. Market entry strategy - 进入市场策略。

WTO术语中英对照

WTO术语中英对照

W T O 简明术语（中英文对照）Ad valorem tariff 从价税Agreement on Agriculture《农业协议》Anti-dumping duty反倾销税Appeal（争端解决）上诉ATC--Agreement on Textiles and Clothing《纺织品与服装协议》Bound level约束水平Compensation补偿Consensus协商一致Consultation磋商Countervailing duty反补贴税Customs valuation 海关估价DSB--Dispute Settlement Body争端解决机构Dumping倾销Export subsidy出口补贴GATS--General Agreement on Trade in Service《服务贸易总协定》GATT--General Agreement on Tariff and Trade《关税与贸易总协定》Government procurement政府采购Import licencing进口许可Import substitution进口替代Import surcharge 进口附加税Market access市场准入Market price support市场价格支持Material injury实质损害MFN--Most-favored-nation treatment最惠国待遇National treatment国民待遇Non-actionable subsidy（补贴协议）不可诉补贴NTMs--Non-tariff measures非关税措施Plurilateral agreement诸边协议Prohibited subsidy（补贴协议）被禁止的补贴Protocols议定书PSI--Preshipment inspection装运前检验Rules of origin原产地规则Safeguard Measures保障措施Schedule of concessions承诺减让表Specific tariff从量税SPS --Sanitary and phytosanitary measures动植物卫生检疫措施Subsidy补贴Tariff binding关税约束承诺Tariffication 关税化TBT--Technical barriers to trade技术性贸易壁垒TPRM--Trade Policy Review Mechanism贸易政策审议机制Transparency透明度TRIMs--Trade-related investment measures与贸易有关的投资设施TRIPS--Trade related intellectual property rights 与贸易有关的知识产权TRQ--Tariff rate quotas/tariff quotas关税配额Waiver（WTO义务的）豁免WTO--World Trading Organization世界贸易组织Ad valorem Tariff 从价onTextiles and Clothing (ATC) 《纺织品与服装协议》Anti-dumping Duty 反倾销税Arbitration 仲裁Balance-of-payments（BOP）Provisions 国际收支条款Ceiling Bindings （关税）上限约束Conciliation 调解Compensation 补偿Consensus 协商一致Countervailing Duty 反补贴税Customs Valuation 海关估价de minimis 微量Export Subsidy 出口补贴GATT1994 《1994年关税与贸易总协定》General Agreement on Trade in Services（GATS）《服务贸易总协定》General Exceptions 一般例外Illustrative List 例示清单Import Licensing 进口许可Import Surcharge 进口附加税Infant Industry 幼稚产业Intellectual Property Rights（IPRs）知识产权Market Access 市场准入National Treatment 国民待遇Non-actionable Subsidy 不可诉补贴Non-tariffs Measures（NTMs）非关税措施欢迎您的下载，资料仅供参考！致力为企业和个人提供合同协议，策划案计划书，学习资料等等打造全网一站式需求。

WTO中的常用术语

WTO中的常用术语

WTO中的常用术语贸易体 trading entity经济实体 economic entity禁运 embargo经济制裁 economic sanctions非法出口 unlawful export受管制商品(货物)controlled commodities公平交易 fair trade公平竞争 fair competition新闻中的新词语Jerry-built projects 豆腐渣工程housing project for low-income urban residents 安居工程education for all-round development 素质教育laid-off workers 下岗职工knowledge-intensive 智力密集型overseas-funded enterprises 外资企业reposition of redundant personnel 分流chain debts 三角债law-and-order situation 社会治安情况nation state 民族国家Taiwan authorities 台湾当局Taiwan compatriots 台湾同胞Taiwan is an inalienable part of the Chinese territory.台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分。

“ independence of Taiwan”“台独”Development of the West Regions西部大开发“ each side(of the Taiwan Straits) is a country”“一边一国”新闻中的新词语朝阳产业 sunrise industry人才流失 brain drain配套政策 supporting policies网络经济 cybereconomy注册资本 registered capital连带责任 joint liability分期付款 installment payment布什主义 Bush Doctrine瓶颈制约“bottleneck” restrictions不良贷款 non-performing loan带薪假期 paid holiday宽带接入 broadband access对等开放 reciprocal opening跳槽 job-hopping欧洲货币一体化 European monetary integration申请破产保护(美国) go to Chapter 11外交豁免权 diplomatic immunity《反弹道导弹条约》ABM（Anti-ballistic Missile Treaty）西方八国工业集团峰会 G8 Summit信用危机 credit crisis猎头公司 head-hunting company升级换代 updating 英汉合壁的谚语和成语Wine is mirror of the mind. 酒后吐真言。

WTO常用英文词汇（四）

WTO常用英文词汇（四）

WTO常用英文词汇（四）WTO 常用英文词汇(四)WTO 常用英文词汇(四)WTO 常用英文词汇(四)世贸组织相关词汇(四) 最初谈判权(初谈权) inrs (initial negotiating rights) (纺织品与服装、农产品)一体化进程integration process国际兽疫组织international office of epizootics知识产权iprs (intellectual property rights)国际纺织品服装局itcb (international textile and clothing bureau)产品生命周期分析lca (life cycle analysis)最不发达国家ldcs (least-developed countries)许可费license fee同类产品like product当地含量local content市场准入market access专门的营销机构market boards实质损害material injury模式modalities配额调整条款modulation of quota clause《蒙特利尔议定书》(有关保护大气臭氧层的多边环境协定) montreal protocol(农业)多功能性multifunctionality(服务贸易)自然人national person国民待遇national treatment新议题new issues通知义务notification obligation(利益的)丧失和减损nullification and impairment有秩序的市场安排orderly market arrangements(争端解决)专家组panel《巴黎公约》(关于保护工业知识产权的公约) paris convention (《农业协议》中关于反补贴的)和平条款peace clause诸边协议plurilateral agreement(服务贸易)自然人流动presence of natural person生产补贴production subsidyWTO 常用英文词汇(四) 相关内容:。

世贸组织常用术语汇编

世贸组织常用术语汇编

【四】世贸组织常用术语汇编133 Committee ：133 委员会。

133 委员会是欧盟的贸易决策机构。

欧洲委员会阿姆斯特丹条约第133 条规定，由欧洲理事会任命成立一个特殊委员会来协助欧洲委员会, 该委员会因此得名133 委员会。

在133 委员会里欧盟每个成员国都有代表，通常逢周五召开例会，由欧盟轮值主席国主持。

133 委员会讨论欧盟所有贸易政策事务，因为办事方式不透明而受到民间团体的批评。

27.3(b)世贸组织与贸易相关知识产权协议第27.3(b) 条就生命形态取得专利权做出规定，世贸组织的成员国不需发放诊断、治疗、手术方法、动植物（微生物除外）以及培育动植物生物过程的专利。

但是，植物多样性受到知识产权某种形式的保护，如下文的sui generis （特殊制度）和传统知识。

301 ：1994 年美国乌拉圭回合协议法案第301 节301 条款允许美国对美国贸易代表办公室认定的“外国不公平贸易措施”做出反应。

这一规定增加了美国产品与服务的市场准入，也允许了美国贸易部门（美国贸易代表办公室）通过提高从违约国进口货物的关税壁垒采取单方面报复。

AACP ：非洲、加勒比和太平洋地区国家集团。

通过洛美协议和科托努协议与欧洲委员会国家相联。

ACP/LDC/African Union : 非洲、加勒比和太平洋地区国家集团/ 最不发达国家/ 非盟联合体。

世贸组织在坎昆举行部长级会议期间，部分ACP 、非盟成员国及最不发达国家联合组成的集团，也称“三方联盟”，又因坎昆会议常被称为90 国集团而得名“ 90 国集团”。

坎昆会议后他们继续在多个问题上发表同样看法。

Ad Valorem Tariff : 从价关税。

是指按进口商品价格的一定百分比征税。

Alliance for Special Products (SPs) and a Special Safeguard Mechanism (SSM): 特殊产品联盟与特别保护机制。

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WTO 常用英文词汇(四)
WTO 常用英文词汇(四)WTO 常用英文词汇(四)世贸组织相关词汇(四) 最初谈判权(初谈权) inrs (initial negotiating rights) (纺织品与服装、农产品)一体化进程integration process
国际兽疫组织international office of epizootics
知识产权iprs (intellectual property rights)
国际纺织品服装局itcb (international textile and clothing bureau)
产品生命周期分析lca (life cycle analysis)
最不发达国家ldcs (least-developed countries)
许可费license fee
同类产品like product
当地含量local content
市场准入market access
专门的营销机构market boards
实质损害material injury
模式modalities
配额调整条款modulation of quota clause
《蒙特利尔议定书》(有关保护大气臭氧层的多边环境协定) montreal protocol
(农业)多功能性multifunctionality
(服务贸易)自然人national person
国民待遇national treatment
新议题new issues
通知义务notification obligation
(利益的)丧失和减损nullification and impairment
有秩序的市场安排orderly market arrangements
(争端解决)专家组panel
《巴黎公约》(关于保护工业知识产权的公约) paris convention (《农业协议》中关于反补贴的)和平条款peace clause
诸边协议plurilateral agreement
(服务贸易)自然人流动presence of natural person
生产补贴production subsidy
WTO 常用英文词汇(四) 相关内容:。

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