2020年大学英语四级考试翻译特训练习及答案(2)

2020年大学英语四级考试翻译特训练习及答案(2)
训练二
1. This substance _______________(反应速度是另外那种物质的三倍).
2. Be quick, _______________(否则等我们到达教堂时婚礼就结束了).
3. The war went on for years, _______________(夺去了成千上万人的生命).
4. (无论理由是什么)，we cannot tolerate this disloyalty.
5. The population of elderly people is increasing rapidly because people are living longer than before___ (发达国家尤为如此).
6. _______________(让世界发展如此之快的)is the modern science and technology.
7. A student must treasure his time and
________________(吸收尽可能多的知识)to lay a solid foundation for his future career.
8. For students eager to be useful to society,
________________(没有任何地方的教育比大学里的更好了) --studying there is like bathing yourself in the oceans of knowledge.
9. As for Williams, (他宁愿死也不愿意做这件事).
10. Only under special circumstances, (学生才被准许提前毕业).
11. It has been proved that (我们的肤色取决于遗传).
12. A lot of people nowadays have muscular problems in the neck, the shoulders and the back _____ (主要是因为工作中的压力和紧张造成的).
13. More than 3 million children have health insurance now, and ___ (超过 250 万的家庭已经摆脱贫困).
14. ____ (除主席之外的所有成员都投票赞成我的建议)to set up a branch office in the suburbs.
15. The emergence of e-commerce and the fast-growing Internet economy are ___ (为中国的国内外贸易提供了新的增长机遇).
答案与解析
1.【答案】reacts three times as fast as the other one
本题考查倍数的表达方式。

倍数表达法有三种：A倍数+原级B 倍数+比较级C倍数+名词短语。

例如：和……的三倍一样长能够译为：
A.three times as long as
B.twice longer than
C.three times the length of
2.【答案】or the wedding will have finished by the time we get to the church
将来完成时。

3.【答案】killing thousands upon thousands of people
分词作结果状语。

4.【答案】Whatever be the reasons for it
whatever“无论是什么”引导的状语从句。

5.【答案】especially in developed countries
“发达国家”和“发展中国家”的表达方式分别为developed country, developing country。

6.【答案】What makes the world develop so fast
根据句子各部分语法功能判断，我们在这里需要的是一个主语，所以必须将需填入部分译成what引导的主语从句，全句意思为：什么让世界发展如此之快——是现代科技。

7.【答案】absorb as much knowledge as he can
本句意为：学生应该珍惜宝贵时间并吸收尽可能多的知识以便为将来事业打下坚实的基础。

“吸收”可选用absorb，drink in，take in.“尽可能多的”译为as many as或as much as，具体要看句中名词是可数还是不可数。

lay a foundation for表示“为……打下基础”。

8.【答案】nowhere is education better than in college
“没有任何地方”译成“nowhere”，但nowhere是一个表示否定的词，后面要采取部分倒装的形式，所以把is置于主语education之前。

9.【答案】he would sooner die than do such a thing
主语+would sooner+动词原形+than+动词原形表示“两者比较宁愿做……，也不愿意做另一件”，强调意愿。

该句型还有另外一种形式：Sooner than +动词原形……，(主句)主语+would+动词原形。

主要是用于强调所比的对象，主句虽然放在后面，但不用倒装。

10.【答案】are students permitted to graduate in advance
①句首是Only +介词短语，后面应用倒装句式，属于部分倒装，
系动词+主语+其他;②are permitted to表示“被允许做……”;③in advance表示“提前”。

11.【答案】the color of our skin is due to heredity
①the color of our skin表示“肤色”;②due to表示“取决于……”;③heredity表示“遗传”，特指生物遗传;heritage 使用最广泛，不但指一般的遗产，也指世代相传的具有特色的精神财富或物
质财富;inheritance 指继承这个行为，不指继承的东西，为抽象名词。

12.【答案】mainly due to stress and tension in their work
stress做名词时，意思偏于精神方面的压力;请注意以下词的区别：pressure偏于物理方面的压力;tension指紧张，nervousness指神经
过敏;“因为”的表达有owing to，due to，thanks to，on account
of等。

13.【答案】more than two and a half million families have been lifted out of poverty
这题主要是对较大数字以及“摆脱”的翻译考查。

250万译为
2.5million或two and a half million都能够;另外“摆脱”也有多
种表达：get rid of，lift out等，或简单地用out表达。

14.【答案】All the members except the Chairman voted for my proposal
本题要注意vote to 和vote for的区别，vote to是指支持某人，投票给某人，而vote for不单指投票，并是赞成某人。

for有赞成的
意味，另反对能够相对应表达为against。

15.【答案】providing new growth opportunities for
China’s foreign and domestic trade
主要是“国内外贸易”-China’s foreign and domestic trade 这个表达的掌握。