高考阅读理解：人物传记(高考汇编版)
高考语文现代文阅读人物传记
一、最精彩的表演梅兰芳正伏在垂着淡青窗帘的南窗底下画兰竹。
他这时已经完全把自己当做一位画家来要求了，他画画不是为了收益，而是为了追求，说转移也未尝不可。
一个艺术家，当被迫必须放弃他的艺术活动时，就必须以另一种艺术活动来填补他的空虚。
当然，并没有谁不让他表演，恰恰相反，有人巴不得他表演，是他自己谢绝了舞台，千里迢迢移家到香港来过这种淡泊的生活。
而且他早已蓄起了胡须，有什么比这更能表示他断绝粉墨生涯的决心呢!他画画的另一个原因是，在他心中活着一些孤傲高洁的画家形象，他需要以这些人做风范，坚定自甘淡泊、不慕荣利、清者自清、浊者自浊的做人准则。
白石老人是先生的老师与朋友，此刻又想到了他，笔下陡增豪气。
这是一种神来之势，把几茎劲竹画得气韵不凡，仪态万方，似乎一阵风要把它刮倒，它却摇了几摇，挺立如初。
然而夫人推开镂花门走进来打断了他，她极轻极慢地走到他的身边，把不速之客请求见他的事说了出来。
在香港中国饭店二楼一间精雅的餐室里，穿着浅色西装、保持着学者风度的日本电影人川喜多长政与中国同行张善琨，在整肃的餐桌前虚左恭候嘉宾。
约定的时间到了，侍者通报梅兰芳已在饭店门前下车。
川喜多慌忙站起来，丢给张善琨一个关照的眼色，便走出餐室门外，目不转睛地盯着楼梯口。
川喜多是目睹过梅先生风采的，他甚至感到先生便装时的气度比在舞台上更有魅力。
他看过先生演出的京剧作品，依川喜多行家的眼光看，作为先生的代表名剧《太真外传》，无论从清新优美的唱腔，妙曼典雅的舞蹈，光艳绝俗的扮相，响遏行云的歌喉诸方面衡量，都已把京剧表演艺术推向绚烂的极致。
至于他在台下，诸如“器宇轩昂”“风度翩翩”等所有常用的形容仪表之美的词句，在表现他的风貌时都显得冗弱无力，以至让人不得不求助于善于状人风仪的《世说新语》。
楼梯下出现了一个老人的伛偻身影，正步履艰难地走上楼来。
这是梅兰芳，又哪儿像梅兰芳!川喜多暗暗吃惊，那弯拱的腰背，僵硬的腿脚，黧黑的面目，蓬乱的髭须，板滞的眼光，迟缓的行动，加上一开口就让人感到力竭声嘶的嗓音——这哪儿是千万人心中那位艺术之神的风姿!具有锐利观察力的川喜多惊讶之余，确有把握地认出这是先生。
(完整版)高考人物传记阅读及答案
高考语文实用类文本阅读----人物传记练习一二、吉林省五校高考高端命题研究协作体2016届第一次摸底考试语文试题阅读下面的文字，完成（1）～（4）题。
（25分）纳什：无常命运中的美丽心灵对于很多人来说，数学家可能是遥不可及的存在。
他们醉心于那个由各种抽象符号组成的世界，而似乎离现实很远很远。
《美丽心灵》以诺贝尔经济学奖获奖者约翰·纳什的经历为素材，讲述了一位患上精神分裂症的数学天才，在爱与理智的帮助下，逐渐痊愈的感人故事。
但电影毕竟是艺术抽象，它偏重于纳什博士与精神分裂症抗争的过程。
那么，他属于数学家的一面，又是如何呢？“这人是个天才。
”这就是纳什的硕士导师给他写的推荐信，只有一句话的推荐信。
约翰·纳什的确是个天才。
中学时代，他就开始在附近的大学旁听高等数学的课程了。
尔后，他得到了卡耐基技术学院的奖学金，攻读数学。
仅仅用了三年时间，他就完成了硕士学位。
哈佛大学与普林斯顿大学都向他伸出了橄榄枝。
普林斯顿提供的奖学金比较多，纳什认为这表明普林斯顿更看重他的才能。
“士为知己者死“，纳什选择了普林斯顿。
刚进入普林斯顿的纳什，不像电影描述的那个腼腆的天才。
相反，他属于骄傲好胜的类型。
他不爱上课不爱看书，相对于跟随前人的步伐，他更喜欢自己在数学的世界探索。
吹着巴赫曲子的口哨，他可以独自做上一整夜数学，不知疲倦。
但普林斯顿并不是只有他一位数学天才。
这些天才凑在一起，总爱分个高下，而像国际象棋和围棋之类的智力对抗游戏恐怕最对他们的胃口了，不像电影中描述的那样，纳什其实算得上下棋高手。
实际上，纳什当时研究的博弈论，正是一门以各种博弈为研究对象的应用数学分支。
当纳什在1950年发表对非合作博弈的研究时，博弈学界眼前为之一亮。
以此为题材，纳什完成了他的博士论文。
可是，此时纳什的研究兴趣早已转向更纯粹的数学领域。
甚至在他完成博士论文之前，他已经开始对代数几何——一个高度抽象的数学领域——产生了兴趣，并作出了一些开拓性的研究。
高考现代文阅读人物传记
高考现代文阅读人物传记篇一：高考语文人物传记类现代文阅读强化训练(含答案)高考语文人物传记类现代文阅读强化训练（含答案）（一）下笔不觉师造化黄宾虹一生绘画艺术的大进展，多发生在他隐居的时期。
这并不是纯粹的巧合，无需应酬杂务的宁静生活可以让他深思内省，促使画作和自然风景、隐居生活进一步契合。
池阳湖画风之变是一次突变，源自他对江湖水光天色的写生，也来自他蓄积已久的思考，还来自苦涩现实对他心灵的影响。
其弟子王伯敏多年后还难忘他老师的教诲：“读书的人，要甘于寂寞。
寂寞能安定，定则心静，静则心清，清则心明，明则明白一切事理。
作画，墨是黑的，只要眼明心清，便能悟出知白守黑的道理，画便猛进。
”1929年的一件盛事是教育部在上海举办的第一届全国美术展览，南北国画家都参加。
此时在上海美专任教的黄宾虹参加了展出工作，并发表了评介文章《美展国画谈》。
文章提倡士大夫的逸品画格，以为不必求悦于人，人不知而不愠，才是真画者；还以为当时沪上流行的一种是细谨、工于涂泽的媚人习气，另一种是自矜才气、沦于放诞的欺人画风，以浮滑为潇洒、以轻软为秀润，真画者反不合时宜。
他希望画者能坚持避俗趋雅的操守，力求华滋浑厚的画风，不要因一时俗世弃取而改变。
黄宾虹一向以为书画同源，所以称作画为“写画”。
他以为上古时代书画不分，如伏羲画八卦，仓颉造字的一种主要方式就是象形，中国最早的文字中已有横线、纵线、弧线等线条形式；汉以后虽分书画，但仍是道归于一，三代以上笔法可从甲骨、古玉、铜器中求之。
他在1929年编辑的《滨虹草堂古印谱》里曾谈到古印上的籀篆文字：点画的肥瘦方圆奇正各不同，有助于绘画笔法；而结构的疏密、参差离合、抑扬顿挫、回环往复，更可见章法布置之妙。
所以，他作画时要置备金石拓本在案头。
他由古玺印这种上古金石实物、临近原始的艺术形式中悟出笔法要旨，认识到书法、文字、金石、绘画都是同一来源，即来源于自然山水，从而找到回归造化之路。
黄宾虹常提到古代书法家从观察自然中有所领悟，如在雨后看车行泥沼，车轮在泥中转动犹如笔被纸墨所滞却仍圆转，不疾不徐、不粘不脱，由此笔法大进。
历年高考实用类人物传记真题集(后附参考答案)
高考实用类人物传记精选真题集训精选篇目1：科学巨人玻尔（ 2014年新课标Ⅰ卷）玻尔|科学家1927年，第五届索尔维物理学会议在布鲁塞尔召开，激烈的辩论很快就变成了一场爱因斯坦与玻尔之间的“决斗”。
这场辩论在三年后的第六届索尔维会议上战火再续，玻尔获得胜利，他所代表的哥本哈根学派因此获得了大多数物理学家的认同，他们对量子力学的解释也被奉为正统解释。
这次辩论就是著名的“爱因斯坦－玻尔论战”，有人称之为物理学史上的“巅峰对决”。
爱因斯坦和玻尔这两位科学巨人的背后，是现代物理学的两大基础理论——相对论和量子力学。
他们的争论旷日持久，几乎所有理论物理学家都被吸引并参与进来，乐此不疲。
尽管两人的科学理论和思想观点始终没能调和，但他们却结下了长达数十年的友谊。
玻尔高度评价他与爱因斯坦的学术之争，认为它是自己“许多新思想产生的源泉”。
爱因斯坦也称赞说：“很少有谁像玻尔那样，对隐秘的事物具有如此敏锐的直觉，同时又兼有如此强有力的批判能力。
他是我们时代科学领域伟大的发现者之一。
”与爱因斯坦更个性化的独自研究不同，玻尔周围聚集着许多杰出的理论物理学家。
他不但有革新的勇气，更是一位伟大的伯乐。
他为量子物理学培养和组织了一支创新发展的队伍，人们称之为“哥本哈根学派”。
后来的诺贝尔物理学奖获得者玻恩、海森伯、泡利以与狄拉克等都曾是其主要成员。
哥本哈根学派活动的大本营就是哥本哈根理论物理研究所。
该所是玻尔在1917年申请，并于1921年正式成立的。
他以著名科学家的身份为研究所做担保，筹集了大量资金。
在任所长的40年间，他以特有的人格魅力，吸引了世界各地的青年才俊，使研究所成为当时全世界最重要、最活跃的量子力学研究中心。
这里先后培养了600多名物理学家。
玻尔使这个科学家群体中的每个个体的力量发挥到极致，形成了以集体讨论和自由探索为特征的研究风格。
他还经常在此举办非公开的小型年会，邀请各国著名的物理学家出席，相互学习，启发交流。
高考阅读理解-人物传记类练习及答案
高考阅读理解-人物传记类练习及答案Passage 1（2016 全国I A）You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?Jane Addams （1860-1935）Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community （社区）by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.Rachel Carson （1907-1964）If it weren't for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world's lakes and oceans.Sandra Day O'Connor （1930-present）When Sandra Day O'Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator （参议员）and, in 1981, the first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court. O'Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.Rosa Parks （1913-2005）On December 1,1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgmery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. “The only tiredI was, was tired of giving in,” said Parks.1. What is Jane Addams noted for in history?A. Her social work.B. Her lack of proper training in law.C. Her efforts to win a prize.D. Her community background.2. What is the reason for O'Connor's being rejected by the law firm?A. Her lack of proper training in law.B. Her little work experience in court.C. The discrimination against women.D. The poor financial conditions.3. Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the U.S.?A. Jane Addams.B. Rachel Carson.C. Sandra Day O'Connor.D. Rosa Parks.4. What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?A. They are highly educated.B. They are truly creative.C. They are pioneers.D. They are peace-lovers.（2015 安徽B）When her five daughters were young, Helene An always told them that there was strength in unity （团结）. To show this, she held up one chopstick, representing one person. Then she easily broke it into two pieces. Next, she tied several chopsticks together, representing a family. She showed the girls it was hard to break the tied chopsticks. This lesson about family unity stayed with the daughters as they grew up.Helene An and her family own a large restaurant business in California. However, when Helene and her husband Danny left their home in Vietnam in 1975, they didn’t have much money. They moved their family to San Francisco. There they joined Danny’s mother, Diana, who owned a small Italian sandwich shop. Soon afterwards, Helene and Diana changed the sandwich shop into a small Vietnamese restaurant. The five daughters helped in the restaurant when they were young. However, Helene did not want her daughters to always work in the family business because she thought it was too hard.Eventually the girls all graduated from college and went away to work for themselves, but one by one, the daughters returned to work in the family business. They opened new restaurants in San Francisco and Los Angeles. Even though family members sometimes disagreed with each other, they worked together to make the business successful. Daughter Elizabeth explains, “Our mother taught us that to succeed we must have unity, and to have unity we must have peace. Without the strength of the family, there is no business.”Their expanding business became a large corporation in 1996, with three generations of Ans working together. Now the Ans’ corporation makes more than $20 million each year. Although they began with a small restaurant, they had big dreams, and they worked together. Now they are a big success.1. Helene tied several chopsticks together to show ______.A. the strength of family unityB. the difficulty of growing upC. the advantage of chopsticksD. the best way of giving a lesson2. We can learn from Paragraph 2 that the An family ______.A. started a business in 1975B. left Vietnam without much moneyC. bought a restaurant in San FranciscoD. opened a sandwich shop in Los Angeles3. What can we infer about the An daughters?A. They did not finish their college education.B. They could not bear to work in the family business.C. They were influenced by what Helene taught them.D. They were troubled by disagreement among family members.4. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A. How to Run a CorporationB. Strength Comes from PeaceC. How to Achieve a Big DreamD. Family Unity Builds Success（2009 浙江E）Four people in England, back in 1953, stared at Photo 51. It wasn't much—a picture showing a black X. But three of these people won the Nobel prize for figuring out what the photo really showed—the shape of DNA. The discovery brought fame and fortune to scientists James Watson, Francis Crick, and Maurice Willkins. The fourth, the one who actually made the picture, was left out.Her name was Rosalind Franklin. “She should have been up there,” says historian Mary Bowden. “If her photo hadn't been there, the others couldn't have come up with the structure. ” One reason Franklin was missing was that she had died of cancer four years before the Nobel decision. But now scholars doubt that Franklin was not only robbed of her life by disease but robbed of credit by her competitors.At Cambridge University in the 1950s, Watson and Crick tried to make models by cutting up shapes of DNA's parts and then putting them together. In the meantime, at King's College in London, Franklin and Wilkins shone X-rays at the molecule （分子）. The rays produced patterns reflecting the shape.But Wilkins and Franklin's relationship was a lot rockier than the celebrated teamwork of Watson and Crick. Wilkins thought Franklin was hired to be his assistant. But the college actually employed her to take over the DNA project.What she did was to produce X-ray pictures that told Watson and Crick that one of their early models was inside out. And she was not shy about saying so. That angered Watson, who attacked her in return. “Mere inspection suggested that she would not easily bend. Clearly she had to go or be put in her place. ”As Franklin's competitors, Wilkins, Watson and Crick had much to gain by cutting her out of the little group of researchers, says historian Pnina Abir-Am. In 1962 at the Nobel prize awarding ceremony, Wilkins thanked 13 colleagues by name before he mentioned Franklin. Watson wrote his book laughing at her. Crick wrote in 1974 that “Franklin was only two steps away from the solution. ”No, Franklin was the solution. “She contributed more than any other player to solving the structure of DNA. She must be considered a co-discoverer,” Abir-Am says. This was backed up by Aaron Klug, who worked with Franklin and later won a Nobel Prize himself. Once described as the “Dark Lady of DNA”, Franklin is finally coming into the light.1. What is the text mainly about?A. The disagreements among DNA researchers.B. The unfair treatment of Franklin.C. The process of discovering DNA.D. The race between two teams of scientists.2. Watson was angry with Franklin because she ______.A. took the lead in the competitionB. kept her results from himC. proved some of his findings wrongD. shared her data with other scientists3. Why is Franklin described as “Dark Lady of DNA”?A. She developed pictures in dark labs.B. She discovered the black X—the shape of DNA.C. Her name was forgotten after her death.D. Her contribution was unknown to the public.4. What is the writer's attitude toward Wilkins, Watson and Crick?A. Disapproving.B. Respectful.C. Admiring.D. Doubtful.Passage 4（2009 陕西B）When people hear a president speak, they seldom think about others helping to shape the presentation（报告）. Today, however, presidents depend on writers such as J. Terry Edmonds to help them communicate（交流）effectively. Edmonds is the first African American ever to work as a full-time speechwriter for a U. S. president; he is also the first African American to serve as director of speechwriting for the White House. His is an all-American story of success.Edmonds grew up in Baltimore, Maryland; his father drove a truck, and his mother worked as a waitress. A great reader, Edmonds showed a gift for writing at his high school, Baltimore City College. After graduating in 1967, Edmonds went on to Morgan State University.Edmonds began his career in business, with jobs in public relations and communications. He joined the world of politics as news secretary for his congressman （国会议员）from Baltimore. During Bill Clinton's presidency, he wrote speeches for Health and Human Services Secretary Donna Shalala and worked in a number of jobs in the White House and in governmental departments. President Clinton then appointed （任命）him to the office of director of speechwriting. Following the 2000 elections, Edmonds returned to Morgan State University as the school's special assistant to the president for 2001-2002.1. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?A. Edmonds proved himself to be good at writing at high school.B. Edmonds graduated from Morgan State University in 1967.C. Edmonds was the first full-time speechwriter.D. Edmonds served the White House after 2000.2. Edmonds entered the world of politics first as ______.A. news secretary for a congressmanB. a speechwriter for President ClintonC. news secretary in the White HouseD. a speechwriter for Secretary Donna Shalala3. The text is most likely to be found in a book about ______.A. popular scienceB. historical eventsC. successful peopleD. political systemsPassage 5（2010 湖南B）When Mary Moore began her high school in 1951, her mother told her, “Be sure and take a typing course so when this show business thing doesn't work out, you'll have something to rely on.” Mary responded in typical teenage fashion. From that moment on, “the very last thing I ever thought about doing was taking a typing course,” she recalls.The show business thing worked out, of course. In her career, Mary won many awards. Only recently, when she began to write Growing Up Again, did she regret ignoring her mom, “I don't know how to use a computer,” she admits.Unlike her 1995 autobiography, After All, her second book is less about life as an award-winning actress and more about living with diabetes（糖尿病）. All the money from the book is intended for the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation（JDRF）, an organization she serves as international chairman. “I felt there was a need for a book like this,” she says. “I didn't want to lecture, but I wanted other diabetics to know that things get better when we're self-controlled and do our part in managing the disease.”But she hasn't always practiced what she teaches. In her book, she describes that awful day, almost 40 years ago, when she received two pieces of life-changing news. First, she had lost the baby she was carrying, and second, tests showed that she had diabetes. In a childlike act, she left the hospital and treated herself to a box of doughnuts（甜甜圈）. Years would pass before she realized she had to grow up—again—and take control of her diabetes, not let it control her. Only then did she kick her three-pack-a-day cigarette habit, overcome her addiction to alcohol, and begin to follow a balanced diet.Although her disease has affected her eyesight and forced her to the sidelines of the dance floor, she refuses to fall into self-pity. “Everybody on earth can ask, ‘why me?’ about something or other,” she insists. “It doesn't do any good. No one is immune （免疫的）to heartache, pain, and disappointments. Sometimes we can make things better by helping others. I've come to realize the importance of that as I've grown up this second time. I want to speak out and be as helpful as I can be.”1. Why did Mary feel regretful?A. She didn't achieve her ambition.B. She didn't take care of her mother.C. She didn't complete her high school.D. She didn't follow her mother's advice.2. We can know that before 1995 Mary ______.A. had two books publishedB. received many career awardsC. knew how to use a computerD. supported the JDRF by writing3. Mary's second book Growing Up Again is mainly about her ______.A. living with diabetesB. successful show businessC. service for an organizationD. remembrance of her mother4. When Mary received the life-changing news, she ______.A. lost control of herselfB. began a balanced dietC. tried to get a treatmentD. behaved in an adult way5. What can we know from the last paragraph?A. Mary feels pity for herself.B. Mary has recovered from her disease.C. Mary wants to help others as much as possible.D. Mary determines to go back to the dance floor.Passage 6（2011 辽宁C）Many people believe Henry Ford invented the automobile（汽车）. But Henry Ford did not start to build his first car until 1896. That was eleven years after two Germans developed the world's first automobile. Many people believe Henry Ford invented the production line that moved a car's parts to the worker, instead of making the worker move to the parts. That is not true, either. Many factory owners used methods of this kind before Ford. What Henry Ford did was to use other people's ideas and make them better. And he made the whole factory a moving production line.In the early days of the automobile, almost every car maker raced his cars. It was the best way of gaining public notice. Henry Ford decided to build a racing car. Ford's most famous race was his first one. It was also the last race in which he drove the car himself.The race was in 1901, at a field near Detroit. All of the most famous cars had entered, but only two were left: the Winton and Ford's. The Winton was famous for its speed. Most people thought the race was over before it began.The Winton took an early lead. But halfway through the race, it began to lose power. Ford started to gain. And near the end of the race, he took the lead. Ford won the race and defeated the Winton. His name appeared in newspapers and he became well-known all over the United States. Within weeks of the race, Henry Ford formed a new automobile company. In 1903, a doctor in Detroit bought the first car from the company. That sale was the beginning of Henry Ford's dream. Ford said: “I will build a motor car for the great mass of people. It will be large enough for the family, but small enough for one person to operate and care for. It will be built of the best materials. It will be built by the best men to be employed. And it will be built with the simplest plans that modern engineering can produce. It will be so low in price that no man making good money will be unable to own one.”The Model T was a car of that kind. It only cost $850. It was a simple machine that drivers could depend on. Doctors bought the Model T. So did farmers. Even criminals, they considered it the fastest and surest form of transportation. Americans loved the Model T. They wrote stories and songs about it. Thousands of Model T's were built in the first few years.1. What do we know about Henry Ford from Paragraph 1?A. He made good use of ideas from others.B. He produced the first car in the world.C. He knew how to improve auto parts.D. He invented the production line.2. Why did Henry Ford take part in the 1901 car race?A. To show off his driving skills.B. To draw public attention.C. To learn about new technology.D. To raise money for his new company.3. “That sale” in Paragraph 4 refers to ______.A. the selling of Ford cars at reduced pricesB. the sale of Model T to the mass of peopleC. the selling of a car to a Detroit doctorD. the sales target for the Ford Company4. What was Henry Ford's dream according to the text?A. Producing cars for average customers.B. Building racing cars of simple design.C. Designing more car models.D. Starting more companies.Passage 7（2010 福建A）F. Scott Fitzgerald（1896-1940）F. Scott Fitzgerald, born on September 24, 1896, an American novelist, was once a student of St. Paul Academy, the Newman School and attended Princeton University for a short while. In 1917 he joined the army and was posted in Alabama, where he met his future wife Zelda Sayre. Then he had to make some money to impress her.His life with her was full of great happiness, as he wrote in his diary: “My own happiness in the past often approached such joy that I could share it even with the person dearest to me but had to walk it away in quiet streets and take down parts of it in my diary.”This Side of Paradise, his first novel, was published in 1920. Encouraged by its success, Fitzgerald began to devote more time to his writing. Then he continued with the novel The Beautiful and Damned （1922）, a collection of short stories Tales of the Jazz Age （1922）, and a play The Vegetable （1923）. But his greatest success was The Great Gatsby, published in 1925, which quick brought him praise from the literary world. Yet it failed to give him the needed financial security. Then, in 1926, he published another collection of short stories All the Sad Young Men.However, Fitzgerald's problems with his wife Zelda affected his writing. During the 1920s he tried to reorder his life, but failed. By 1930, his wife had her first breakdown and went to a Swissclinic. During this period he completed novels Tender Is the Night in 1934 and The Love of the Last Tycoon in 1940. While his wife was in hospital in the United States, he got totally addicted to alcohol. Sheila Graham, his dear friend, helped him fight his alcoholism.1. How many novels written by Fitzgerald are mentioned in the passage?A. 5B. 6C. 7D. 82. Which of the following is the correct order to describe Fitzgerald's life according to the passage?a. He became addicted to drinking.b. He studied at St. Paul Academy.c. He published his first novel This Side of Paradise.d. The Great Gatsby won high praise.e. He failed to reorder his life.f. He joined the army and met Zelda.A. f-c-e-a-b-dB. b-e-a-f-c-dC. f-d-e-c-b-aD. b-f-c-d-e-a3. We can infer from the passage that Fitzgerald ______.A. had made some money when he met Zelda in AlabamaB. was well educated and well off before he served in the armyC. would have completed more works if his wife hadn't broken downD. helped his friend get rid of drinking while his wife was in hospital4. The passage is probably followed by a concluding paragraph about ______.A. Zelda's personal lifeB. Zelda's illness and treatmentC. Fitzgerald's friendship with GrahamD. Fitzgerald's contributions to the literary worldPassage 8（2011 陕西B）Most people know that Marie Curie was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize, and the first person to win it twice. However, few people know that she was also the mother of a Nobel Prize winner.Born in September, 1897, Irene Curie was the first of the Curies' two daughters. Along with nine other children whose parents were also famous scholars, Irene studied in their own school, and her mother was one of the teachers. She finished her high school education at the College of Sévigné in Paris.Irene entered the University of Paris in 1914 to prepare for a degree in mathematics and physics. When World War I began, Irene went to help her mother, who was using X-ray facilities（设备）to help save the lives of wounded soldiers. Irene continued the work by developing X-ray facilitiesin military hospitals in France and Belgium. Her services were recognised in the form of a Military's Medal by the French government.In 1918, Irene became her mother's assistant at the Curie Institute. In December 1924, Frederic Joliot joined the Institute, and Irene taught him the techniques required for his work. They soon fell in love and were married in 1926. Their daughter Helene was born in 1927 and their son Pierre five years later.Like her mother, Irene combined family and career. Like her mother, Irene was awarded a Nobel Prize, along with her husband, in 1935. Unfortunately, also like her mother, she developed leukemia because of her work with radioactivity（辐射能）. Irene Joliot-Curie died from leukemia on March 17, 1956.1. Why was Irene Curie awarded a Military Medal?A. Because she received a degree in mathematics.B. Because she contributed to saving the wounded.C. Because she won the Nobel Prize with Frederic.D. Because she worked as a helper to her mother.2. Where did Irene Curie meet her husband Frederic Joliot?A. At the Curie Institute.B. At the University of Paris.C. At a military hospital.D. At the College of Sévigné.3. When was the second child of Irene Curie and Frederic Joliot born?A. In 1932.B. In 1927.C. In 1897.D. In 1926.4. In which of the following aspects was Irene Curie different from her mother?A. Irene worked with radioactivity.B. Irene combined family and career.C. Irene won the Nobel Prize once.D. Irene died from leukemia.Passage 9（2012 安徽C）When Frida Kahlo's paintings were on show in London, a poet described her paintings as “a ribbon （丝带）around a bomb”. Such comments seem to suggest Kahlo had a big influence on the art world of her time. Sadly, she is actually a much bigger name today than she was during her time.Born in 1907 in a village near Mexico City, Kahlo suffered from polio （小儿麻痹症）at the age of seven. Her spine （脊柱）became bent as she grew older. Then, in 1925, her back was broken in several places in a school-bus accident. Throughout the rest of her life, the artist had many operations, but nothing was able to cure the terrible pain in her back. However, the accident had an unexpected side effect. While lying in her bed recovering, Kahlo taught herself to paint.In 1929, she got married to Diego Rivera, another famous Mexican artist. Rivera's strong influence on Kahlo's style can be seen in her early works, but her later works from the 1940s, known today as her best works, show less influence from her husband.Unfortunately, her works did not attract much attention in the 1930s and 1940s, even in her home country. Her first one-woman show in Mexico was not held until 1953. For more than a decade after her death in 1954, Kahlo's works remained largely unnoticed by the world, but in the 1970s her works began to gain international fame at last.1. What does the phrase “a much bigger name” in Paragraph 1 most nearly mean?A. a far better artistB. a far more gifted artistC. a much stronger personD. a much more famous person2. The terrible pain Kahlo suffered was caused by ______.A. polioB. her bent spineC. back injuriesD. the operations she had3. Kahlo's style had become increasingly independent since the ______.A. 1930sB. 1940sC. 1950sD. 1970s4. What is the author's attitude toward Kahlo?A. Devotion.B. Sympathy.C. Worry.D. Encouragement.Passage 10（2014 山东C）Elizabeth Freeman was born about 1742 to African American parents who were slaves. At the age of six months she was acquired, along with her sister, by John Ashley, a wealthy Massachusetts slaveholder. She became known as “Mumbet” or “Mum Bett.”For nearly 30 years Mumbet served the Ashley family. One day, Ashley's wife tried to strike Mumbet's sister with a spade. Mumbet protected her sister and took the blow instead. Furious, she left the house and refused to come back. When the Ashleys tried to make her return, Mumbet consulted a lawyer, Theodore Sedgewick. With his help, Mumbet sued （起诉）for her freedom.While serving the Ashleys, Mumbet had listened to many discussions of the new Massachusetts constitution. If the constitution said that all people were free and equal, then she thought it should apply to her. Eventually, Mumbet won her freedom—the first slave in Massachusetts to do so under the new constitution.Strangely enough, after the trial, the Ashleys asked Mumbet to come back and work for them as a paid employee. She declined and instead went to work for Segdewick. Mumbet died in 1829, but her legacy lived on in her many descendants （后裔）. One of her great-grandchildren was W.E. B. Du Bois, one of the founders of the NAACP, and an important writer and spokesperson for African American civil rights.Mumbet's tombstone still stands in the Massachusetts cemetery where she was buried. It reads, in part: “She was born a slave and remained a slave for nearly thirty years. She could neither read nor write, yet in her own sphere she had no superior or equal.”1. What do we know about Mumbet according to Paragraph 1?A. She was born a slave.B. She was a slaveholder.C. She had a famous sister.D. She was born into a rich family.2. Why did Mumbet run away from the Ashleys?A. She found an employer.B. She wanted to be a lawyer.C. She was hit and got angry.D. She had to take care of her sister.3. What did Mumbet learn from discussions about the new consititution?A. She should always obey her owners' orders.B. She should be as free and equal as whites.C. How to be a good servant.D. How to apply for a job.4. What did Mumbet do after the trial?A. She chose to work for a lawyer.B. She founded the NAACP.C. She continued to serve the Ashleys.D. She went to live with her grandchildren.5. What is the text mainly about?A. A story of a famous writer and spokesperson.B. The friendship between a lawyer and a slave.C. The life of a brave African American woman.D. A trial that shocked the whole world.答案及解析Passage 11. A 细节理解题。
高考英语 阅读理解分类汇编之人物传记类
高考英语阅读理解分类汇编之人物传记类1.（2011·山东卷）AArthur Miller(1915-2005)is universally recognized as one of the greatest dramatists of the 20th century. Miller` s father had moved to the USA from Austria Hungary,drawn like so many others by the“Great Americ an Dream”. However, he experienced severe financial hardship when his family business was ruined in the Great Depression of the early l930s.Millers' s most famous play, Death of a Salesman , is a powerful attack on the American system ,with its aggressive way of doing business and its insistence on money and social status as indicators of worth. In Willy Loman , the hero of the play, we see a man who has got into trouble with his worth. Willy is “burnt out” and in the cruel world of business there is n o room for sentiment : if he can't do the work, then he is no good to his employer, the Wagner Company, and he must go. Willy is painfully aware of this, and at loss as to what to do with his lack of success. He refuses to face the fact that he has failed and kills himself in the end.When it was first staged in 1949 ,the play was greeted with enthusiastic reviews ,and it won the Tony Award for Best Play, the New York Drama Critics` Circle Award, and the Pulitzer Prize for Drama. It was the first play to win all three of these major awards.Miller died of heart failure at his home in Roxbury, Connecticut ,on the evening of February 10,2005,the 56th anniversary of the first performance of Death of a Salesman on Broadway.56. Why did Arthur Miller' s father move to the USA?A. He suffered from severe hunger in his home country.B. He was attracted by the "Great American Dream.C. He hoped to make his son a dramatist.D. His family business failed.57. The play Death of a SalesmanA. exposes the cruelty of the American business worldB. discusses the ways to get promoted in a companyC. talks about the business career of Arthur MillerD. focuses on the skills in doing business58. What can we learn about Willy Loman?A. He treats his employer badly.B. He runs the Wagner Company.C. He is a victim of the American system.D. He is regarded as a hero by his colleagues.59. After it was first staged, Death of a SalesmanA. achieved huge successB. won the first Tony AwardC. was warmly welcomed by salesmenD. was severely attacked by dramatists60. What is the text mainly about?A. Arthur Miller and his family.B. The awards Arthur Miller won.C. The hardship Arthur Miller experienced.D. Arthur Miller and his best-known play.【解析】：56-60:BACAD【语篇解读】本文是讲述了阿瑟.密勒的生平经历及他的代表作Death of a Salesman的内容及评价。
高考英语阅读理解真题汇编 人物传记类
2017年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语阅读理解（全国Ⅰ）第1题DAnyone who cares about what schools and colleges teach and how their students learn will be interested in the memoir（回忆录）of Ralph W. Tyler, who is one of the most famous men in American education.Born in Chicago in 1902, brought up and schooled in Nebraska, the 19-year-old college graduate Ralph Tyler became hooked on teaching while teaching as a science teacher in South Dakota and changed his major from medicine to education.Graduate work at the University of Chicago found him connected with honorable educators Charles Judd and W. W. Charters, whose ideas of teaching and testing had an effect on his later work. In 1927, he became a teacher of Ohio State University where he further developed a new method of testing.Tyler became well-known nationality in 1938, when he carried his work with the Eight-Year Study from Ohio State University to the University of Chicago at the invitation of Robert Hutchins.Tyler was the first director of the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford, a position he held for fourteen years. There, he firmly believed that researchers should be free to seek an independent（独立的）spirit in their work.Although Tyler officially retired in 1967, he never actually retired. He served on a long list of educational organizations in the United States and abroad. Even in his 80s he traveled across the country to advise teachers and management people on how to set objectives（目标）that develop the best teaching and learning within their schools. 68. Who are most probably interested in Ralph W. Tyler’s memoir?A. Top managers.B. Language learners.C. Serious educators.D. Science organizations.69. The words “hooked oh teaching” underlined in Paragraph 2 probabl y mean ________.A. attracted to teachingB. tired of teachingC. satisfied with teaching ?D. unhappy about teaching70. Where did Tyler work as the leader of a research center for over 10 years?A. The University of Chicago.B. Stanford University.C. Ohio State University.D. Nebraska University.71. Tyler is said to have never actually retired because ____________.A. he developed a new method of testingB. he called for free spirit in researchC. he was still active in giving adviceD. he still led the Eight-Year Study答案68. C 69. A 70. B 71. C68. 解析:这是一道推断题。
高考英语真题分类汇编-专题13-人物传记、故事类-人教版高三全册英语试题
专题十三阅读理解之人物传记、故事类1.【2015·湖北卷】BWhat Theresa Loe is doing proves that a large farm isn’t prerequisite for a modern grow-your-own lifestyle.On a mere 1/10 of an acre in Los Angeles, Loe and her family grow, can〔装罐〕and preserve much of the food they consume.Loe is a master food preserver, gardener and canning expert.She also operates a website, where she shares her tips and recipes, with the goal of demonstrating that every has the ability to control what’s on their plate.Loe initially went to school to become an engineer, but she quickly learned that her enthusiasm was mainly about growing and preparing her own food.“I got into cooking my own food and started growing my own herbs (香草) and foods for that fresh flavor,〞she said.Engineer by day, Loe learned cooking at night school.She ultimately purchased a small piece of land with her husband and began growing their own foods.“I teach people how to live farm-fresh without a farm,〞 Loe said.Through her website Loe emphasizes that “anybody can do this anywhere.〞 Got an apartment with a balcony 〔阳台〕? Plant some herbs.A window? Perfect spot for growing.Start with herbs, she recommends, because “they’re very forgiving.〞 Just a little of the herbs “can take your regular cooking to a whole new level,〞 she added.“I think it’s a great place to start.〞“Then? Try growing something from a seed, she said, like a tomato or some tea.〞Canning is a natural extension of the planting she does.With every planted food.Loe noted, there’s a moment when it’s bursting with its absolute peak flavor.“I try and keep it in a time capsule in a canning jar,〞 Loe said.“Canning for me is about knowing what’s in your food, knowing where it comes from.〞In addition to being more in touch with the food she’s eating, another joy comes from passing this knowledge and this desire for good food to her children: “Influencing them and telling them your opinion on not only being careful what we eat but understanding the bigger picture,〞she said, “that if we don’t take care of the earth, no will.〞55.The underlined word “prerequisite〞(Pare.1) is closest in meaning to “______〞.A.recipeB.substituteC.requirementD.challenge56.Why does Loe suggest starting with herbs?A.They are used daily.B.They are easy to grow.C.They can grow very tallD.They can be eaten uncooked57.According to Loe, what is the benefit of canning her planted foods?A.It can preserve their best flavorB.It can promote her online salesC.It can better her cooking skillsD.It can improve their nutrition58.What is the“the bigger picture〞 (Para.6) that Loe wishes her children to understand?A.The knowledge about good foodB.The way to live a grow-our-own lifeC.The joy of getting in touch with foodsD.The responsibility to protect our earth【考点定位】记叙文阅读【名师点睛】记叙文体裁特点是: 人不离事,事不离人。
完整版本人物传记近三年高中高考真题试卷.doc
实用类文学文本高考真题到达离祖国最近的一条公路，突遇日伏，他立即命令分散突。
激中，戴安胸腹中。
甸雨季，大雨滂沱，部既要突破日堵，需忍挨，穿越荒山密林，1942 年 5 将采薇月 26 日，他行至北茅邦村，戴安化，以身殉国，年38 。
弥留之，参戴安任第 73 旅旅后，回多年日作的教，定要取得利必依靠部属努他下一步的行路，他已不能，手指地，示意部从莫洛瑞江向北回国，又力，而部属的旺盛士气来自他的国情．他犄意抄民族英雄岳的《江》和文天祥的人扶着他面向祖国注久，安然而逝。
《零丁洋》，印各官兵背吟唱，激大家精忠国的国忱。
戴安牲后，体由官兵抬回国内，渡瑞江后，乃将体火化，骨灰装入小木箱，以了抗大，戴安摒弃党派成，国人士。
《自由》者宗祺仁前来采，与。
一情景感了沿途民众，一位老痛心地：“寿材么小，怎能配得上将的英他夜局。
探国共合作抗日的未来，两人很快成莫逆之交。
有人提醒戴安，名与地位？”随即捐出自的楠木寿材。
冲率全父老20 万人沿街跪迎将灵。
宗是共党，多加提防。
他坦然答道：“ 在是国共合作抗．何防之有？宗是否共党我不随后，国民政府追授戴安中将，美国斯福追授戴安懋章，国民政府在广西知道，我只知道他是新者，写多真感人的道，有卓越的解。
我正缺少的全州安葬式，中国袖毛派人送来挽：“外辱需人御，将采薇。
称机械化，国志士。
”几天后，他把自己的事著作交宗供仁修改并。
勇虎威。
浴血瓜守，倭棠吉。
沙竟命，壮志也无。
”周恩来、朱德等也敬献挽太平洋争爆后，中国决定派征赴句日作。
当命令到达，已升任第200 、挽。
新中国成立后，中央人民政府追戴安革命烈士，并以毛主席的名向属的戴安高唱《江》，并向官兵宣葛亮征的事迹，以“鞠躬尽弈．死而后已”的“革命牲人家属光荣念”。
精神激励官兵．赴途中，他激情，《征》二首以明志。
其一云：“万里旌旗耀眼开，（摘自茅海建主《国民党抗殉国将》等）王出境夷摧．鞭遥指花如，葛前身今又来。
”其二云：“策奔走八荒，征功相关接秦皇。
高考英语真题分类汇编 专题13 人物传记、故事类
专题十三阅读理解之人物传记、故事类1.【2015·湖北卷】BWhat Theresa Loe is doing proves that a large farm isn’t prerequisite for a modern grow-your-own lifestyle. On a mere 1/10 of an acre in Los Angeles, Loe and her family grow, can（装罐）and preserve much of the food they consume.Loe is a master food preserver, gardener and canning expert. She also operates a website, where she shares her tips and recipes, with the goal of demonstrating that every has the ability to control what’s on their plate.Loe initially went to school to become an engineer, but she quickly learned that her enthusiasm was mainly about growing and preparing her own food. “I got into cooking my own food and started growing my own herbs (香草) and foods for that fresh flavor,”she said. Engineer by day, Loe learned cooking at night school. She ultimately purchased a small piece of land with her husband and began growing their own foods.“I teach people how to live farm-fresh without a farm,” Loe said. Through her website Loe emphasizes that “anybody can do this anywhere.” Got an apartment with a balcony （阳台）? Plant some herbs. A window? Perfect spot for growing. Start with herbs, she recommends, because “they’re very forgiving.” Just a little of the herbs “can take your regular cooking to a whole new level,” she added. “I think it’s a great place to start.” “Then? Try growing something from a seed, she said, like a tomato or some tea.”Canning is a natural extension of the planting she does. With every planted food. Loe noted, there’s a moment when it’s bursting with its absolute peak flavor. “I try and keep it in a time capsule in a canning jar,” Loe said. “Canning for me is about knowing what’s in your food, knowing where it comes from.”In a ddition to being more in touch with the food she’s eating, another joy comes from passing this knowledge and this desire for good food to her children: “Influencing them and telling them your opinion on not only being careful what weeat but understanding the bigger picture,” she said, “that if we don’t take care of the earth, no will.”55.The underlined word “prerequisite” (Pare. 1) is closest in meaning to “______”.A. recipeB. substituteC. requirementD. challenge56.Why does Loe suggest starting with herbs?A. They are used daily.B. They are easy to grow.C. They can grow very tallD. They can be eaten uncooked57.According to Loe, what is the benefit of canning her planted foods?A. It can preserve their best flavorB. It can promote her online salesC. It can better her cooking skillsD. It can improve their nutrition58.What is the“the bigger picture” (Para. 6) that Loe wishes her children to understand?A. The knowledge about good foodB. The way to live a grow-our-own lifeC. The joy of getting in touch with foodsD. The responsibility to protect our earth【考点定位】记叙文阅读【名师点睛】记叙文体裁特点是：人不离事,事不离人。
2022全国高考英语试卷阅读理解分类汇编之人物传记类
2022全国高考英语试卷阅读理解分类汇编之人物传记类（精校word版有答案解析）But he was also a mystery. In spite of many invitations, he would always decline to visit Oxford. So in 1897，Murray finally decided to travel to Crowthorne himself. When he arrived, he found Minor locked in a book-lined cell at the Broadmoor Asylum for the Criminally insane.Murray and Minor became friends, sharing their love of words. Minor continued contributing to the dictionary, sending in more than 10,000 submissions in 20 years. Murray continued to visit Minor regularly, sometimes taking walks with him around the asylum grounds.In 1910, Minor left Broadmoor for an asylum in his native America. Murray was at the port to wave goodbye to his remarkable friend.Minor died in 1920, seven years before the first edition of the Oxford English Dictionary was completed. The 12 volumes defined 414,825 words, and thousands of them were contributions from a very scholarly and devoted asylum patient.61. According to the text, the first Oxford English Dictionary _________.A. came out before minor diedB. was edited by an American volunteerC. included the English words invented by MurrayD. was intended to be the most ambitious English dictionary62. How did Dr. Minor contributed to the dictionary?A. He helped Murray to find hundreds of volunteers.B. He sent newspapers, magazines and books to Murray.C. He provided a great number of words and quotationsD. he went to England to work with Murray.63. Why did Dr. Minor refuse to visit Oxford?A. He was shut in an asylumB. He lived far from OxfordC. He was busy writing a bookD. He disliked traveling64. Prof. Murray and Dr. Minor became friends mainly because __________.A. they both served in the Civil War.B. They had a common interest in wordsC. Minor recovered with the help of MurrayD. Murray went to America regularly to visit Minor65. Which of the following best describe Dr. Minor?A. Brave and determinedB. Cautious and friendlyC. Considerate and optimisticD. Unusual and scholarly66. What does the text mainly talk about?A. The history of the English language.B. The friendship between Murray and MinorC. Minor and the first Oxford English DictionaryD. Broadmoor Asylum and is patients【文章大意】本文是一篇人物传记，讲述了牛津英语词典的编撰者之一的Dr. Minor的不一样的人一辈子，他博学，但被关在精神病院。
2018年高考英语真题分类汇编 专题13 人物传记、故事类 含答案
专题十三阅读理解之人物传记、故事类1.【2015·湖北卷】BWhat Theresa Loe is doing proves that a large farm isn’t prerequisite for a modern grow-your-own lifestyle. On a mere 1/10 of an acre in Los Angeles, Loe and her family grow, can（装罐）and preserve much of the food they consume.Loe is a master food preserver, gardener and canning expert. She also operates a website, where she shares her tips and recipes, with the goal of demonstrating that every has the ability to control what’s on their plate.Loe initially went to school to become an engineer, but she quickly learned that her enthusiasm was mainly about growing and preparing her own food. “I got into cooking my own food and started growing my own herbs (香草) and foods for that fresh flavor,”she said. Engineer by day, Loe learned cooking at night school. She ultimately purchased a small piece of land with her husband and began growing their own foods.“I teach people how to live farm-fresh without a farm,” Loe said. Through her website Loe emphasizes that “anybody can do this anywhere.” Got an apartment with a balcony （阳台）? Plant some herbs. A window? Perfect spot for growing. Start with herbs, she recommends, because “they’re very forgiving.” Just a little of the herbs “can take your regular cooking to a whole new level,” she added. “I think it’s a great place to start.” “Then? Try growing something from a seed, she said, like a tomato or some tea.”Canning is a natural extension of the planting she does. With every planted food. Loe noted, there’s a moment when it’s bursting with its absolute peak flavor. “I try and keep it in a time capsule in a canning jar,” Loe said. “Canning for me is about knowing what’s in your food, knowing where it comes from.”In a ddition to being more in touch with the food she’s eating, another joy comes from passing this knowledge and this desire for good food to her children: “Influencing them and telling them your opinion on not only being careful what weeat but understanding the bigger picture,” she said, “that if we don’t take care of the earth, no will.”55.The underlined word “prerequisite” (Pare. 1) is closest in meaning to “______”.A. recipeB. substituteC. requirementD. challenge56.Why does Loe suggest starting with herbs?A. They are used daily.B. They are easy to grow.C. They can grow very tallD. They can be eaten uncooked57.According to Loe, what is the benefit of canning her planted foods?A. It can preserve their best flavorB. It can promote her online salesC. It can better her cooking skillsD. It can improve their nutrition58.What is the“the bigger picture” (Para. 6) that Loe wishes her children to understand?A. The knowledge about good foodB. The way to live a grow-our-own lifeC. The joy of getting in touch with foodsD. The responsibility to protect our earth【考点定位】记叙文阅读【名师点睛】记叙文体裁特点是：人不离事,事不离人.写人的文章事情是重点；记事的文章人物是关键.考生要注意抓住故事情节，理解文章脉络，重点关注作者重墨泼就的细节描写，领会作者的写作意图.同时还要把握人物的情绪起伏,要进入“角色”，客观做题.本文顺应当前社会生活潮流，介绍了园艺和食品保存大师Theresa Loe如何利用阳台、小院在喧嚣繁忙的大都市里过田园生活.2.【2015·北京卷】AThe Boy Made It!One Sunday, Nicholas, a teenager, went skiing at Sugarloaf Mountain in Maine. In the early afternoon, when he was planning to go home, a fierce snowstorm swept into the area. Unable to see far, he accidentally turned off the path. Before he knew it, Nicholas was lost, all alone! He didn’t have food, water, a phone, or other supplies. He was getting colder by the minute.Nicholas had no idea where he was. He tried not to panic. He thought about all the survival shows he had watched on TV. It was time to put the tips he had learned to use.He decided to stop skiing. There was a better chance of someone finding him if he stayed put. The first thing he did was to find shelter form the freezing wind and snow. If he didn’t, his body temperature would get very low, which could quickly kill him.Using his skis, Nicholas built a snow cave. He gathered a huge mass of snow and dug out a hole in the middle. Then he piled branches on top of himself, like a blanket, to stay as warm as he could.By that evening, Nicholas was really hungry. He ate snow and drank water from a nearby stream so that his body wouldn’t lose too much water. Not knowing how much longer he could last, Nicholas did the only thing he could- he huddled(蜷缩) in his cave and slept.The next day, Nicholas went out to look for help, but he couldn’t find anyone. He followed his tracks and returned to the snow cave, because without shelter, he could die that night. On Tuesday, Nicholas went out to find help. He had walked for about a mile when a volunteer searcher found him. After two days stuck in the snow, Nicholas was saved.Nicholas might not have survived this snowstorm had it not been for TV. He had often watched Grylls’survival show. Man vs. Wild. That’s where he learned the tips that saved his life, In each episode(一期节目)of Man vs. Wild, Grylls is abandoned in a wild area and has to find his way out.When Grylls heard about Nicholas’amazing deeds, he was super impressed that Nicholas had made it since he knew better than anyone how hard Nicholas had to work to stay alive.56. What happened to Nicholas one Sunday afternoon?A. He got lost.B. He broke his skis.C. He hurt his eyesD. He caught a cold57. How did Nicholas keep himself warm?A. He found a shelter.B. He lighted some branches.C. He kept on skiing.D. He built a snow cave.58. On Tuesday, Nicholas _____.A. returned to his shelter safelyB. was saved by a searcherC. got stuck in the snowD. staved where he was59. Nicholas left Grylls a very deep impression because he _____.A. did the right things in the dangerous situationB. watched Grylls’ TV program regularlyC. created some tips for survivalD. was very hard-working【解析】试题分析：本文讲的是一个小男孩在暴风雪中迷路，他不畏艰难，利用在电视中学到的野外生存知识逃脱困境的故事.56. A 细节理解题.根据第一段第三行，Before he knew it, Nicholas was lost, all alone!”可知答案.说明在Nicholas迷路了.故选A.57. D 细节理解题.根据文章第二段根据第四段第一行，Nicholas built a snow cave.以及to stay as warm as he could可知，Nicholas保持温暖的方式是建了一个雪洞.故选D. 58.B 细节理解题.根据第六段第三行，He had walked for about a mile when a volunteer searcher found him.可知，星期二的时候，Nicholas被一名志愿搜索者救了.故选B.59.A 推理判断题.根据最后一段中的，He was super impressed that Nicholas had made it since he knew better than anyonehow hard Nicholas had to work to stay alive.”可知，Grylls这个人想表达一个小男孩能在如此困难的情况下成功逃生是难能可贵的，A选项正好能表达此意思.故选A.【考点定位】故事类阅读【名师点睛】本文考查记叙文，讲的是“小孩在山里迷路，求生的过程”，做好一篇记叙文，要交代清楚人物和事件，就必须交代清楚记叙的要素，即：时间、地点、人物、事件的原因、经过和结果.弄清记叙文中的人称代词指代的对象，有利于更好地理解文意.线索是记叙文的纲，抓住线索，就能理顺文章内容，掌握文章结构，更好地理解文章的中心思想.记叙文以叙事为主，但有时也运用描写、说明和议论.尤其是要注意夹叙夹议类文章，它的题目往往设计为推理性和总结性题目.文中题目往往在文中能找到出处，把握好文中具体细节即可.3.【2015·广东】APeter loved to shop used articles. Almost a month ago, he bought popular word game that used little pieces of wood with different letters on them. As he was purchasing it, the salesgirl said, “Uh, look, the game box haven’t even been opened yet. That might be worth some money. ”Peter examined the box, and, sure enough, it was completely covered in factory-sealed plastic. And he saw a date of 1973 on the back of the box.“You should put that up for auction (拍卖) on the Internet, and see what happens.”the salesgirl said.“Yes, you’re right. People like something rare.” Peter agreed, “I can’t imagine there being very many unopened boxes of this game still around 40 years later.”“Don’t forget to tell me if you sell it.” th e salesgirl smiled.“No problem.” Peter said.After he got home, Peter went online to several auction websites looking for his game. But he couldn’t find it. Then he typed in the name of the word game and hit Search. The search result was 543 websites containing information about the changes of the game. Over the years, the game had been produced using letters in different sizes and game boards in different colors. He also found some lists of game fans looking for various versions of the game. Peter emailed some of them, telling them what he had.Two weeks later, Peter went back to the shop.“Hello. Do you still remember the unopened word game?”The salesgirl looked at him for a second, then recognized him and said, “Oh, hi!”“I’ve got something for you,” Peter said. “I sold the game and made $1,000. Thank you for your suggestion.” He handed her three $ 100 bills.“Wow!” the salesgirl cried out. “Thank you, I never expected it.”26. Which of the following best describes Peter’s word game?A. It was made around 40 years ago.B. It had game boards in different sizes.C. It was kept in a plastic bag with a seal.D. It had little pieces of wood in different colors.27. What did the salesgirl probably think of Peter’s word game?A. Old and handy.B. Rare and valuable.C. Classic and attractive.D. Colorful and interesting28. Peter got the names of the game fans from _________.A. an auctionB. the InternetC. a game shopD. the second-hand shop29. What happened at the end of the story?A. Peter gave the girl $300 as a reward.B. The salesgirl became Peter’s friend.C. Peter returned the word game for $ 1,000.D. The salesgirl felt confused to see Peter again.30. What is the main theme of the story?A. It’s important to keep a promise.B. It’s great to share in other people’s happiness.C. We should be grateful for the help from others.D. Something rare is worth a large amount of money.【解析】试题分析：本文叙述了Peter在听从了一位女销售员的建议，买了一个旧的游戏盒子，并到网上拍卖.结果他挣了1000美元.为了感激这位女销售员，他给了她300美元做为回报.26. A细节理解题.根据“I can’t imagine there bei ng very many unopened boxes of this game still around 40 years later.”可知这个游戏盒子大约在40年前制造的.故选A. 27. B推理判断题.根据the salesgirl said,“Oh, look, the game box hasn’t even been opened yet. That might be worth some money.”可知这个女销售员认为这个游戏盒子没有打开过，可能值钱，有价值.故选B.28. B推理判断题.根据The search result was 543 websites containing information about the changes of the game…..He also found some lists of game fans looking for various versions of the game.可知Peter是从网上得知这个游戏爱好者的名字.故选B.29. A 细节理解题.根据Peter said,“ I sold the game and made $1000.Thank you for your suggestion,”He handed her three $100 bills.可知Bill感谢这位女销售员的建议，给了她300美元作为回报.故选A.30. C推理判断题.全文围绕着Peter听了女销售员的建议，买了这个游戏盒，赚了钱，为了表示感谢，他给了这位女销售员300美元作为回报.故推断这个故事的主题是我们应该感激别人的帮助.故选C.【考点定位】故事类短文阅读.【名师点睛】本文考查学生的细节理解能力和推理判断能力.考生需认真阅读短文，仔细审题，主要的是要理解全文的中心思想，让人们懂得学会感激别人的帮助.第30题，需要学生通过阅读全文，概括总结出，作者的意图.4.【2015·陕西】BWhen the dog named Judy spotted the first sheep in her life, she did what comes naturally. The four-year-old dog set off racing after the sheep across several fields and, being a city animal, lost both her sheep and her sense of direction. Then she ran along the edge of cliff( 悬崖) and fell 100 feet, bouncing off a rock into the sea.Her owner Mike Holden panicked and celled the coastguard of Cornwall, who turned up in seconds . Six volunteers slid down the cliff with the help of a rope but gave up all hope of finding her alive after a 90-minute search.Three days later, a hurricane hit the coast near Cornwall. Mr. Holden returned home from his holiday upset and convinced his pet was dead. He comforted himself with the thought she had died in the most beautiful part of the country.For the next two weeks, the Holdens were heartbroken . Then, one day, the phone rang and Steve Tregear, the coastguard of Cornwall, asked Holder if he would like his dog bark.A birdwatcher, armed with a telescope, found the pet sitting desperately on a rock. While he sounded the alarm, a student from Leeds climbed down the cliff to collect Judy.The dog had initially been knocked unconscious(失去知觉的)but had survived bydrinking water from a fresh scream at the base of the cliff. She may have fed on the body of a sheep which had also fallen over the edge. “The dog was very thin and hungry,” Steve Tregear said , “It was a very dog. She survived becau se of a plentiful supply of fresh water,” he added.It was ,as Mr. Holden admitted, “a minor miracle(奇迹)”.50. The dog Jody fell down the cliff when she wasA. rescuing her ownerB. caught in a hurricaneC. blocked by a rockD. running after a sheep51. Who spotted Judy after the accident?A. A birdwatcherB. A student from LeedsC. Six volunteersD. The coastguard of Cornwall52. What can we infer from the text?A. People like to travel with their pets.B. Judy was taken to the fields for hunting.C. Luck plays a vital role in Judy's survival.D. Holden cared little where Judy was buried.53. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Miracle of the Coastguard.B. Surviving a Hurricane.C. Dangers in the WildD. Coming Back from the Dead.【解析】试题分析：文章介绍是叫Judy的狗在追赶一只羊的时候，从悬崖上掉下来.主人努力寻找几个小时无果，以为它已经死去就放弃了，结果几天后，意外得到消息，狗还活着.真是很幸运的事情.50.细节理解题.根据文章第一段的句子：The four-year-old dog set off racing after thesheep across several fields…,Then s he ran along the edge of a cliff(悬崖) and fell 100 feet, bouncing off a rock into the sea.可知叫Judy的狗在追赶一只羊的时候，从悬崖上掉下来.故选D.51.细节理解题.根据文章第五段的句子：A birdwatcher, armed with a telescope, found thepet sitting desperately on a rock. 可知事故后是一个观鸟者看见了Judy，故选A. 52.细节理解题.根据文章第六段的句子：It was a very lucky dog. She survived because of a plentiful supply of fresh water.可知在Judy的事故中运气起着至关重要的作用.故选C.53.主旨大意题.根据文章的内容可知介绍一只狗掉到悬崖下面死里逃生的经历，所以用Coming Back from the Dead比较合适.故选D.【考点定位】故事类阅读理解【名师点睛】这是一篇故事类阅读理解.这种题材内容易懂而且有趣味性，是考生擅长的，这篇文章篇幅不长，难易度适中，考查细节题为主.通读全文后，可以带着问题到文章中找出信息句，分析信息句和题干，选项之间的关联，答案不难找出.5.【2015·四川】BNothing could stop Dad. After he was put on disability for a bad back, he bought a small farm in the country, just enough to grow food for the family. He planted vegetables, fruit trees and even kept bees for honey.And every week he cleaned Old Man McColgin's chicken house in exchange for manure(肥料). The Smell really burned the inside of your nose. When we complained about the terrible smell, Dad said the stronger the manure, the healthier the crops, and he was right. For example, just one of his cantaloupes filled the entire house with its sweet smell, and the taste was even sweeter.As the vegetables started coming in, Dad threw himself into cooking. One day, armed with a basket of vegetables, he announced he was going to make stew(炖菜).Dad pulled out a pressure cooker and filled it up with cabbages, eggplants, potatoes, corns, onions and carrots. For about half an hour. the pressure built and the vegetables cooked. Finally, Dad turned off the stove, the pot began to cool and the pressure relief valve sprayed out a cloud of steam. If we thought Dad's pile of chicken manure was bad, this was 10 times worse. When Dad took off the lid, the smell nearly knocked us out.Dad carried the pot out and we opened doors and windows to air out the house. Just how bad was it? The neighbors came out of their houses to see if we had a gas leak!Determined, Dad filled our plates with steaming stew and passed them around. It didn’t look that bad, and after the first wave had shut down my ability to smell, it didn’t offend the nose so much, either. I took a taste. It would never win a prize in a cooking competition, but it was surprisingly edible and we drank up every last drop of soup.34.Why did Dad clean Old Man Mocolgin’s chicken house regularly?A. To earn some money for the family.B. To collect manure for his crops.C. To get rid of the terrible smell.D. To set a good example to us.35.What can we infer about Dad’s stew?A. It is popular among the neighbors.B. It contains honey and vegetables.C. It looks very wonderful.D. It tastes quite delicious.36.What does the underlined word “offend” in the last paragraph mean?A. To attractB. To upsetC. To airD. To shut37.What can we learn about Dad form the text?A. He is an experienced cook.B. He is a troublesome father.C. He has a positive attitude to life.D. He suffers a lot from his disability.【考点定位】考查记叙文阅读【名师点睛】本题考查记叙文阅读.在高考试卷中，每套试卷中通常都会包含记叙文.通常情况下记叙文阅读的难度相对比较低.要求考生能够依据文章的写作顺序，弄清文章大意，了解记叙文的5W(what/who/when/where/why)，同时关注考题中的细节，掌握文章的主题大意.本题中细节理解题有一题（34），要求考生能关注关键词manure，在原文中迅速定位；推理判断题有两题（35、37题），要求考生能够迅速找到与之相关的stew和父亲的做事风格等.记叙文阅读通常都会出现词义猜测题，要求考生能通过对上下午的理解猜测出词的大概意思.6.【2015·天津】COne day when I was 12, my mother gave me an order: I was to walk to the public library, and borrow at least one book for the summer. This was one more weapon for her to defeat my strange problem — inability to read.In the library, I found my way into the “Children’s Room.” I sat down on the floor and pulled a few books off the shelf at random. The cover of a book caught my eye. It presented a picture of a beagle. I had recently had a beagle, the first and only animal companion I ever had as a child. He was my secret sharer, but one morning,he was gone, given away to someone who had the space and the money to care for him.I never forgot my beagle.There on the book’s cover was a beagle which looked identical（相同的） to my dog. I ran my fingers over the picture of the dog on the cover. My eyes ran across the title, Amos, the Beagle with a Plan. Unknowingly, I had read the title. Without opening the book, I borrowed it from the library for the summer.Under the shade of a bush, I started to read about Amos. I read very, very slowly with difficulty. Though pages were turned slowly, I got the main idea of the story about a dog who, like mine, had been separated from his family and who finally found his way back home. That dog was my dog, and I was the little boy in the book. At the end of the story, my mind continued the final scene of reunion, on and on, until my own lost dog and I were, in my mind, running together.My mother’s call returned me to the real world. I suddenly realized something: I had read a book, and I had loved reading that book. Everyone knew I could not read. But I had read it. Books could be incredibly wonderful and I was going to read them.I never told my mother about my “miraculous” (奇迹般地) experience that summer, but she saw a slow but remarkable improvement in my classroom performance during the next year. And years later, she was proud that her son had read thousands of books, was awarded a PhD in literature, and authored his own books, articles, poetry and fiction. The power of the words has held.46. The author’s mother told him to borrow a book in order to_____.A. encourage him to do more walkingB. let him spend a meaningful summerC. help cure him of his reading problemD. make him learn more about weapons47. The book caught the author’s eye because_____.A. it contained pretty pictures of animalsB. it reminded him of his own dogC. he found its title easy to understandD. he liked children’s stories very much48. Why could the author manage to read the book through?A. He was forced by his mother to read it.B. He identified with the story in the book.C. The book told the story of his pet dog.D. The happy ending of the story attracted him.49. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. The author has become a successful writer.B. The author’s mother read the same book.C. The author’s mother rewarded him with books.D. The author has had happy summers ever since.50. Which one could be the best title of the passage?A. The Charm of a BookB. Mum’s Strict OrderC. Reunion with My BeagleD. My Passion for Reading【解析】试题分析：文章大意：文章讲述了作者从一名阅读困难的孩子到最终成为一名成功的作家的故事，告诉我们书本的魅力.46. C细节理解题.根据文章第一段最后一句This was one more weapon for her to defeat my strange problem — inability to read.可知母亲让他借书看是为了治愈他的阅读问题.故选C.47. B 细节理解题.根据文章第二段The cover of a book caught my eye. It presented a picture of a beagle. I had recently had a beagle, the first and only animal companionI ever had as a child.可知此本书引起作者注意的原因.选B.48. B 推理判断题.根据第四段That dog was my dog, and I was the little boy in the book. At the end of the story, my mind continued the final scene of reunion, on and on, until my own lost dog and I were, in my mind, running together.可知作者感同身受地把自己与书本得主人公联系在一起.选B.49. A 推理判断题.根据最后一段And years later, she was proud that her son had read thousands of books, was awarded a PhD in literature, and authored his own books, articles, poetry and fiction.可以判断出作者最终成为一名成功的作家.故选A.50. A 主旨大意题.文章讲述了作者从一名阅读困难的孩子到最终成为一名成功的作家的故事，从而展现给我们书本的魅力.故选A.【考点定位】记叙类短文阅读【名师点睛】本文是一篇记叙类短文阅读，整体难度中等.考生需要从整体把握全文，全面理解作者是怎么从阅读困难的孩子，从而演化为一名成功的作家的历程，特别注重作者将自己融合到书本的细节方面的描写.7.【2015·重庆】AAt thirteen, I was diagnosed（诊所） with kind of attention disorder. It made school difficult for me. When everyone else in the class was focusing on tasks, I could not.In my first literature class, Mrs.Smith asked us to read a story and then write on it, all within 45 minutes. I raised my hand right away and said,“Mrs.Smith, you see, the doctor said I have attention problems. I might not be able to do it.”She glanced down at me through her glasses, “you are no different from your classmates, young man.”I tried, but I didn’t finish the reading when the bell rang. I had to take it home.In the quietness of my bedroom, the story suddenly all became clear to me. It was about a blind person, Louis Braille. He lived in a time when the blind couldn’t get much education. But Louis didn’t give up. Instead, he invented a reading system of raised dots（点）, which opened up a whole new world of knowledge to the blind.Wasn’t I the “blind” in my class, being made to learn like the “sighted” students? My thoughts spilled out and my pen started to dance. I completed the task within 40 minutes. Indeed, I was no different from others; Ijust needed a quieter place. If Louis could find his way out of his problems, why should I ever give up?I didn’t expect anything when I han dled in my paper to Mrs.Smith, so it was quitea surprise when it came back to me the next day- with an“A” on it. At the bottom of the paper were these words:“ See what you can do when you keep trying?”36. The author didn’t finish the reading in class bec ause.A. He was new to the classB. He was tried of literatureC. He had an attention disorderD. He wanted to take the task home37. What do we know about Louis Braille from the passage?A. He had good sightB. He made a great invention.C. He gave up readingD. He learned a lot from school38. What was Mrs.Smith ‘s attitude to the author at the end of the story?A. AngryB. ImpatientC. SympatheticD. Encouraging38. What is the main idea of the passage?A.The disabled should be treated with respect.B.A teacher can open up a new world to students.C. One can find his way out of difficulties with efforts.D. Everyone needs a hand when faced with challenges.【解析】试题分析: 本文主要讲述作者有注意力紊乱，不想努力，在老师的激励下，克服困难的故事36.C细节理解题.根据第一段At thirteen, I was diagnosed with a kind of attention disorder.可知作者被诊断出注意力紊乱，故选C项.37.B 推断题.根据第五段提到it was about a blind person,Louise Braile,和 Instead , he invented a reading systerm of raised dots，which opened up a whole new world of knowledge to the blind可知Louise Braile是个盲人，创造了盲文，故选B项.38.D 推断题.根据最后一段提到so it was a surprise when it came back to me the next day—with an “A”当我看到作业上A时，非常的吃惊，史密斯小姐对我的态度是令人鼓励的，故选D项.39.C 主旨大意.本文主要讲述作者有注意力紊乱，不想努力，在老师的激励下，克服困难的故事，故选C项.【考点定位】日常生活类阅读【名师点睛】本文是叙事性的文章，着重一些事实细节，认真阅读题干，找到问题的切入点，不可以自以为的事实做为判断的依据，而要立足于文章，而37题属于推断题，则要根据排除来进行选择，且注意主语是谁，不可与文章的主人公混淆；38题是主旨大意，首先比较选项，排除完全没有意义的A项，再根据文章的大意来判断哪个答案更符合.8.【2015·安徽】BWhen her five daughters were young, Helene An always told them that there was strength in unity (团结). To show this, she held up one chopstick, representing oneperson.Then she easily broke it into two pieces. Next, she tied several chopsticks together, representing a family. She showed the girls it was hard to break the tied chopsticks. This lesson about family unity stayed with the daughters as they grew up.Helene An and her family own a large restaurant business in California. However, when Helene and her husband Danny left their home in Vietnam in 1975, they didn't have much money. They moved their family to San Francisco. There they joined Danny's mother, Diana, who owned a small Italian sandwich shop. Soon afterwards, Helene and Diana changed the sandwich shop into a small Vietnamese restaurant. The five daughters helped in the restaurant when they were young. However, Helene did not want her daughters to always work in the family business because she thought it was too hard. Eventually the girls all graduated from college and went away to work for themselves, but one by one, the daughters returned to work in the family business. They opened new restaurants in San Francisco and Los Angeles. Even though family members sometimes disagreed with each other, they worked together to make the business successful. Daughter Elisabeth explains, "Our mother taught us that to succeed we must have unity, and to have unity we must have peace. Without the strength of the family, there is no business."Their expanding business became a large corporation in 1996, with three generations of Ans working together. Now the Ans' corporation makes more than $20 million each year. Although they began with a small restaurant, they had big dreams, and they worked together. Now they are a big success.60. Helene tied several chopsticks together to show ______.A. the strength of family unityB. the difficulty of growing upC. the advantage of chopsticksD. the best way of giving a lesson61. We can I earn from Paragraph 2 that the An family ______.A. started a business in 1975B. left Vietnam without much moneyC. bought a restaurant in San FranciscoD. opened a sandwich shop in Los Angeles62. What can we infer about the An daughters?A. They did not finish their college education.B. They could not bear to work in the family business.C. They were influenced by what Helene taught them.D. They were troubled by disagreement among family members.63. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A. How to Run a CorporationB. Strength Comes from PeaceC. How to Achieve a Big DreamD. Family Unity Builds Success【答案】60. A61. B62. C63. D【解析】试题分析：文章通过讲述一个家族企业的发展历程.作者以此来强调家庭团结的重要性.Helene和丈夫离开越南时，他们并不富有.Helene给她的女儿讲述了一个关于团结的故事.一双筷子很容易被折断，但是，当几双筷子绑在一起时，它们将很难被折断，对于家庭来说亦是如此.60. A 细节理解题.根据第一段“she tied several chopsticks together, representing a family.This lesson about family unity...”可知，Helene把筷子绑在一起并试着折断它们，是为了显示团结的力量.61. B 细节理解题.根据“when Helene and her husband Danny left their home in Vietnam in 1975, they didn't have much money.”可知，当离开越南时，Helene夫妇并没有太多的钱.62. C 推理判断题.根据倒数第二段“Eventually the girls all graduated from college”排除A；根据“the daughters returned to work in the family business”可知，Helene 的女儿们相继都回到了家族企业，但文中未提到她们无法承受家族企业里的工作，排除B；根据“they worked together to make the business successful”可知，虽然有分歧，但她们还是齐心协力地工作，排除D.63. D 选择最佳标题.根据第一段“Helene An always told them that there was strength in unity (团结).”和第三段“to succeed we must have unity”与第四段“and they workedtogether. Now they are a big success.”可知，文文章主要讲的是家庭团结对取得成功的重要性.文章没有讲怎样经营一家大型公司，也没有提到怎样实现伟大梦想.【考点定位】故事类短文阅读【名师点睛】细节理解题比较简单，考生可以从文中直接找到提示；推理判断题需要从文中找到排除某一个选项的依据，而不能主观臆断.选择最佳标题，需要注意排除绝对化或片面的选项，要放眼全文，从手段和末段寻找文章的主旨大意.9.【2015·新课标全国II】AMy color television has given me nothing but a headache. I was able to buy it a little over a year ago because I had my relatives give me money for my birthday instead of clothes that wouldn’t fit. I let a salesclerk fool me into buying a discontinued model. I realized this a day later, when I saw newspaper advertisements for the set at seventy-five dollars less than I had paid. The set worked so beautiful when I first got it home that I would keep it on until stations signed off for the night. Fortunately, I didn’t get any channels showing all-night movies or I would never have gotten to bed.Then I started developing a problem with the set that involved static(静电) noise. For some reason, when certain shows switched into a commercial, a loud noise would sound for a few seconds. Gradually, this noise began to appear during a show, and to get rid of it, I had to change to another channel and then change it back. Sometimes this technique would not work, and I had to pick up the set and shake it to remove the sound. I actually began to build up my arm muscles(肌肉) shaking my set.When neither of these methods removed the static noise, I would sit helplessly and wait for the noise to go away. At last I ended up hitting the set with my first, and it stopped working altogether. My trip to the repair shop cost me $62, and the sit is working well now, but I keep expecting more trouble.21. Why did the author say he was fooled into buying the TV set?A.He got an older model than he had expected.B.He couldn’t return it when it was broken.C.He could have bought it at a lower price.D.He failed to find any movie shows on it.。
2007-2014年人物传记高考题
2007-2014年新课标人物传记汇编【2007年】四、实用类文本阅读（25分）叶圣陶在四川1940年初夏，叶圣陶来到成都，在四川省教育厅教育科学馆工作。
他白天去办公，晚上教儿女们写写文章。
常常在晚饭之后，把油灯移到桌子中央，至善、至美、至诚就凑着光亮，认真地听父亲讲解。
有时候，儿女们也和父亲热烈讨论。
他们每人每星期交一篇文章。
叶圣陶一向主张作文要说自己的话，要写自己的真情实感，对儿女们的作文，他也从来不出题目，随他们写去。
这也是他们一天中最感兴味的时刻。
叶圣陶一边看他们的文章，一边问：‚这儿多了些什么？这儿少了些什么？能不能换一个比较恰当的词儿？把词儿调动一下，把句式改变一下，是不是好些?‛遇到看不明白的地方，他就问孩子们：‚原来是怎么想的？到底想清楚了没有？为什么表达不出来？怎样才能把要说的意思说明白？‛他问得十分仔细，简直就是严格的考试，同时也是生动活泼的考试。
孩子们都乐意参加这样的考试。
但是，对于叶圣陶，到了成都以后，使他格外高兴的事，却要算和朱自清的朝夕相见了。
几十年来，这两位作家亲似手足。
朱自清曾写过《我所见的叶圣陶》《叶圣陶的短篇小说》等文章。
1931年8月，朱自清由北平动身访问欧洲，就是在叶圣陶鼓动下，才写出了《欧游杂记》的。
朱自清在这本书的‚自序‛里，曾提到叶圣陶帮助‚设计‛、‚题字‛、‚校对‛等。
叶圣陶曾写过《与佩弦》的散文，讲述他们之间的友情：促膝谈心，随兴趣之所至，时而上天，时而入地；时而论书，时而评画；时而纵谈时局，品鉴人伦；时而剖析玄理，密诉衷曲……可谓随意之极致了。
这当儿，名誉之心是没有的，利益的心是没有的，顾忌欺诳等心也都没有，只为着看出内心而说话，说其不得不说。
其味甘而永，无所不领会，真可说彼此‚如见其肺肝然‛的。
现在，很难得他们同处一地，又在一起工作，还先后合编了《精读指导举偶》和《略读指导举偶》，作为中学生学习国文的课外读物，列入‚四川省教育科学馆丛书‛出版。
高考英语复习 阅读理解(人物传记类)
高考英语复习阅读理解（人物传记类）【母题来源一】【2019·浙江卷，A】Zachariah Fike has an unusual hobby. He finds old military(军队的)medals for sale in antique stores and on the Internet.But unlike most collectors, Zac tracks down the medals’ rightful owners, and returns them.His effort to reunite families with lost medals began with a Christmas gift from his mother, a Purple Heart with the name Corrado A. G. Piccoli, found in an antique shop. Zac knows the meaning of a Purple Heart-he earned one himself in a war as a soldier. So when his mother gave him the medal, he knew right away what he had to do.Through the Internet, Zac tracked down Corrado’s sister Adeline Rockko. But when he finally reached her, the woman flooded him with questions: "Who are you？What antique shop？" However, when she hung up, she regretted the way she had handled the call. So she called Zac back and apologized. Soon she drove to meet Zac in Watertown, N.Y. "At that point, I knew she meant business, " Zac says. "To drive eight hours to come to see me."The Piccolis grew up the children of Italian immigrants in Watertown. Corrado, a translator for the Army during WWII, was killed in action in Europe.Before hearing from Zac, Adeline hadn’t realized the medal was missing. Like many military medals, the one Zac’s mother had found was a family treasure." This medal was very precious to my parents. Only on special occasions(场合)would they take it out and let us hold it in our hands," Adeline says.As a child, Adeline couldn't understand why the medal was so significa nt. “But as I grew older,” Adeline says, "and missed my brother more and more, I realized that was the only thing we had left." Corrado Piccoli’s Purple Heart medal now hangs at the Italian American Civic Association in Watertown.Zac recently returned another lost medal to a family in Alabama. Since he first reunited Corrado’s medal, Zac says his record is now 5 for 5.21. Where did Zac get a Purple Heart medal for himself？A. In the army.B. In an antique shop.C. From his mother.D. From Adeline Rockko.22. What did Zac realize when Adeline drove to meet him？A. She was very impolite.B. She was serious about the medal.C. She suspected his honesty.D. She came from a wealthy family.23. What made Adeline treasure the Purple Heart?A. Her parents’ advice.B. Her knowledge of antiques.C. Her childhood dream.D. Her memory of her brother.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。
高考总复习-阅读理解人物传记类
人物传记类第一部分五年高考题荟萃Passage 1(09·浙江E篇)Four people in England back in 1953, stared at Photo 51,It wasn’t much—a picture showing a black X. But three of these people won the Nobel Prize for figuring out what the photo really showed –the shape of DNA The discovery brought fame and fortune to scientists James Watson, Francis Crick, and Maurice Wilkins. The fourth, the one who actually made the picture, was left out.Her name was Rosalind Franklin.”She should have been up there,” says historian Mary Bowden.” If her photos hadn’t been there, the others couldn’t have come up with the structure.” One reason Franklin was missing was that she had died of cancer four years before the Nobel decision. But now scholars doubt that Franklin was not only robbed of her life by disease but robbed of credit by her competitorsAt Cambridge University in the 1950s, Watson and Click tried to make models by cutting up shapes of DNA’s parts and then putting them together. In the meantime, at King’s College in London, Franklin and Wilkins shone X-rays at the molecule(分子). The rays produced patterns reflection the shape.But Wilkins and Franklin’s relationship was a lot rockier than the celebrated teamwork of Watson and Crick, Wilkins thought Franklin was hired to be his assistant .But the college actually employed her to take over the DNA project.What she did was produce X-ray pictures that told Watson and Crick that one of their early models was inside out. And she was not shy about saying so. That angered Watson, who attacked her in return, “Mere inspection suggested that she would not easily bend. Clearly she had to to go or be put in her place.”As Franklin’s competitors, Wilkins, Watson and Crick had much to gain by cutting her out of the little group of researchers, says historian Pnina Abir-Am. In 1962 at the Nobel Prize awarding ceremony, Wilkins thanked 13 colleagues by name before he mentioned Franklin, Watson wrote his book laughing at her. Crick wrote in 1974 that “Franklin was only two steps away from the solution.”No, Franklin was the solution. “She contributed more than any other player to solving the structure of DNA . She must be considered a co-discoverer,” Abir-Am says. This was backed up by Aaron Klug, who worked with Franklin and later won a Nobel Prize himself. Once described as the “Dark Lady of DNA”, Franklin is finally coming into the light.57. What is the text mainly about?A. The disagreements among DNA researchers.B. The unfair treatment of Franklin.C. The process of discovering DNA.D. The race between two teams of scientists.58. Watson was angry with Franklin because she .A. took the lead in the competitionB. kept her results from himC. proved some of his findings wrongD. shared her data with other scientists59. Why is Franklin described as “Dark Lady of DNA”?A. She developed pictures in dark labs.B. She discovered the black X-the shape of DNA.C. Her name was forgotten after her death.D. Her contribution was unknown to the public.60. What is the writer’s attitude toward Wilkins, Watson and Crick?A. Disapproving.B. Respectful.C. Admiring.D. Doubtful.答案57.B 58.C 59.D 60.APassage 2(09·重庆B篇)How to Be a WinnerSir Steven RedgraveWinner of 5 Olympic Gold Medals“In 1997 I was found to have developed diabetes(糖尿病). Believing my career（职业生涯）was over, I felt extremely low. Then one of the specialists said there was to no reason why I should stop training and competing. That was it -the encouragement I needed. I could still be a winner if I believed in myself. I am not saying that it isn’t difficult sometimes. But I wanted to prove to myself that I wasn't finished yet. Nothing is to stand in my way.”Karen PickeringSwimming World Champion“I swim 4 hours a day, 6 days a week. I manage that sort of workload by putting it on top of my diary. This is the key to success-you can’t follow a career in any field without being well-organized. List what you believe you can achieve. Trust yourself, write down your goals for the day, however small they are, and you’ll be a step closer to achieving them.”Kirsten BestPoet & Writer“When things are getting hard, a voice inside my head tells me that I can’t achieve something. Then, there are other distractions, such as family or hobbies. The key is to concentrate. When I feel tense, it helps a lot to repeat words such as ‘calm’, ‘peace’ or ‘focus’, either out loud or silently in my mind. It makes me feel more in control and increases my confidence. This is a habit that can become second nature quite easily and is a powerful psychological（心理的）tool”60. What does Sir Steven Redgrave mainly talk about?A. Difficulties influenced his career.B. Specialists offered him medical advice.C. Training helped him defeat his disease.D. He overcame the shadow of illness to win.61. What does Karen Pickering put on top of her diary?A. Her training schedule.B. Her daily happenings.C. Her achievements.D. Her sports career.62.What does the underlined word “distractions” probably refer to？A. Ways that help one to focus.B. Words that help one to feel less tense.C. Activities that turn one's attention away.D. Habits that make it hard for one to relax.63. According to the passage ,what do the three people have in common?A. Courage.B. Devotion.C. Hard work.D. Self-confidence.答案60.D 61.A 62.C 63.DPassage 3(09·宁夏、海南B篇)Computer programmer David Jones earns $35.000 a year designing new computer games. yet he cannot find a bank ready to let him have a credit card（信用卡）Instead he has been told to wait another two years until he is 18. The 16-year-old works for a small firm in Liverpool where the problem of most young people of his age is finding a job David’s firm releases（推出）two new games for the fast growing computer market each monthBut David’s biggest headache is what to do with his money. Even though he earns a lot he cannot drive a car take out a mortgage（抵押贷款）,or get credit cards David got his job with the Liverpool-based company four months ago ,a year after leaving school with six O-levels and working for a time in a computer shop. “I got the job because the people who run the firm knew I had already written some programs” he said David spends some of his money on records and clothes and gives his mother 50 pounds a week But most of his spare time is spent working.“Unfortunately, computing was not part of our studies at school “ he said “But I had been studying it in books and magazines for four years in my spare time I knew what I wanted to do and never considered staying on at school Most people in this business are fairly young, anyway” David added :”I would like to earn a million and I suppose early retirement（退休）is a possibility You never know when the market might disappear.”60．In what way is David different from people of his age?A．He often goes out with friendsB．He lives with his motherC．He has a handsome incomeD．He graduated with six O-levels61．What is one of the problems that David is facing now?A．He is too young to get a credit cardB．He has no time to learn drivingC．He has very little spare timeD．He will soon lose his job62．Why was David able to get the job in the company?A．He had done well in all his examsB．He had written some computer programsC．He was good at playing computer gamesD．He had learnt to use computers at school63．Why did David decide to leave school and start working?A．He received lots of job offersB．He was eager to help his motherC．He lost interest in school studiesD．He wanted to earn his own living答案60.C 61.A 62.B 63.CPassage 4(09·陕西B篇)When people hear a president speak, they seldom think about others helping to shape the presentation（报告）. Today, however, presidents depend on writers such as J. Terry Edmonds to help them communicate （交流）effectively. Edmonds is the first African American ever to work as a full-time speechwriter for a U. S. president; he is so the first African American to serve as director of speechwriting for White House. His is an all-American story of success.Edmonds grew up in Baltimore, Maryland; his father drove a truck, and his mother worked as a waitress. A. great reader, Edmonds showed a gift for writing at his highSchool, Baltimore City College After graduating in 1967 Edmonds went on to Morgan State UniversityEdmonds began his career in business, with jobs in public relations and communications. He joined the world of politics as news secretary for his congressman （国会议员）from Baltimore During Bill Clinton’s presidency, he wrote speeches for Health and Human Services Secretary Donna Shalala and worked in a number of job in the White House and in governmental departments President Clinton then appointed （任命）him to the office of directory of speechwriting Following the elections Edmonds returned to Morgan State University as the school’s special assistant to the president for45. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?A. Edmonds proved himself to be good at writing at high schoolB. Edmonds graduated from Morgan State University in 1967.C. Edmonds was the first full-time speechwriter.D. Edmonds served the White House after .46.Edmonds entered the world of politics first as .A. news secretary for a CongressmanB. a speechwriter for President ClintonC. news secretary in the White HouseD. a speechwriter for Secretary Donna Shalala47. The text is most likely to be found in a book about .A. popular scienceB. historical eventsC. successful people D, Political systems答案45.A 46.A 47.CPassage 5(08·广东C篇)Napoleon,as a character in Tolstoy’s War and Peace,is more than once described as having “fat little hands.”Nor does he “sit well or firmly on the horse.”He is said to be “undersized,”with “short legs”and a “round stomach”.The issue here is not the accuracy of Tolstoy’s description—it seems not that far off from historical accounts—but his choice of facts:other things that could be said of the man are not said.We are meant to understand the difference of a warring commander in the body of a fat little Frenchman.Tolstoy’s Napoleon could be any man wandering in the streets and putting a little of powdered tobacco up his nose—and that is the point.It is a way the novelist uses to show the moral nature of a character.And it turns out that,as Tolstoy has it,Napoleon is a crazy man.In a scene in Book Three of War and Peace,the wars having reached the critical year of 1812,Napoleon receives a representative from the Tsar (沙皇),who has come with peace terms.Napoleon is very angry:doesn’t he have more army? He,not the Tsar,is the one to make the terms.He will destroy all of Europe if his army is stopped,“That is what you will have gained by engaging me in the war!”he shouts.And then,Tolstoy writes,Napoleon“walked silently several times up and down the room,his fat shoulders moving quickly.”Still later,after reviewing his army amid cheering crowds,Napoleon invites the shaken Russian to dinner.“He raised his hand to the Russian’s...face,”Tolstoy writes,and “taking him by the ear pulled it gently...”.To have one’s ear pulled by the Emperor was considered the greatest honor and mark of favor at the French court.“Well,well,why don’t you say anything?”said he,as if it was ridiculous in his presence to respect any one but himself,Napoleon.Tolstoy did his research,but the composition is his own.51.Tolstoy’s description of Napoleon in War and Peace is .A.far from the historical factsB.based on the Russian historyC.based on his selection of factsD.not related to historical details52.Napoleon was angry when receiving the Russian representative because .A.he thought he should be the one to make the peace termsB.the Tsar’s peace terms were hard to acceptC.the Russians stopped his military movementD.he didn’t have any more army to fight with53.What did Napoleon expect the Russian representative to do?A.To walk out of the room in anger.B.To show agreement with him.C.To say something about the Tsar.D.To express his admiration.54.Tolstoy intended to present Napoleon as a man who is .A.ill-mannered in dealing with foreign guestsB.fond of showing off his iron willC.determined in destroying all of EuropeD.crazy for power and respect55.What does the last sentence of the passage imply?A.A writer doesn’t have to be faithful to his findings.B.A writer may write about a hero in his own way.C.A writer may not be responsible for what he writes.D.A writer has hardly any freedom to show his feelings.答案51.B 52.C 53.B 54.A 55.BPassage 6(08·山东C篇)It was the summer of 1965.DeLuca,then 17,visited Peter Buck,a family friend.Buck asked DeLuca about his plans for the future.“I’m going to college,but I need a way to pay for it,”DeLuca recalls saying.“Buck said,’You should open a sandwich shop.’”That afternoon,they agreed to be partners.And they set a goal:to open 32 stores in ten years.After doing some research,Buck wrote a check for $1,000.DeLuca rented a storefront (店面) in Connecticut,and when they couldn’t cover their start-up costs,Buck kicked in another $1,000.But business didn’t go smoothly as they expected.DeLuca says,“After six months,we were doing poorly,but we didn’t know how badly,because we didn’t have any financial controls.”All he and Buck knew was that their sales were lower than their costs.DeLuca was managing the store and going to the University of Bridgeport at the same time.Buck was working at his day job as a nuclear physicist in New York.They’d meet Monday evenings and brainstorm ideas for keeping the business running.“We convinced ourselves to open a second store.We figured we could tell the public,’We are so successful,we are opening a second store.’”And they did－in the spring of 1966.Still,it was a lot of learning by trial and error.But the partners’learn-as-you go approach turned out to be their greatest strength.Every Friday,DeLuca would drive around and hand-deliver the checks to pay their suppliers.“It probably took me two and a half hours and it wasn’t necessary,but as a result,the suppliers got to know me very well,and the personal relationships established really helped out,”DeLuca says.And having a goal was also important.“There are so many problems that can get you down.You just have to keep working toward your goal,”DeLuca adds.DeLuca ended up founding Subway Sandwich,the multimillion-dollar restaurant chain.67.DeLuca opened the first sandwich shop in order to .A.support his familyB.pay for his college educationC.help his partner expand businessD.do some research68.Which of the following is true of Buck?A.He put money into the sandwich business.B.He was a professor of business administration.C.He was studying at the University of Bridgeport.D.He rented a storefront for DeLuca.69.What can we learn about their first shop?A.It stood at an unfavorable place.B.It lowered the prices to promote sales.C.It made no profits due to poor management.D.It lacked control over the quality of sandwiches.70.They decided to open a second store because they .A.had enough money to do itB.had succeeded in their businessC.wished to meet the increasing demand of customersD.wanted to make believe that they were successful71.What contributes most to their success according to the author?A.Learning by trial and error.B.Making friends with suppliers.C.Finding a good partner.D.Opening chain stores.答案67.B 68.A 69.C 70.D 71.APassage 7(08·山东D篇)Melissa Poe was 9 years old when she began a campaign for a cleaner environment by writing a letter to the then President Bush.Through her own efforts,her letter was reproduced on over 250 donated billboards (广告牌) across the country.The response to her request for help was so huge that Poe established Kids For A Cleaner Environment (Kids F.A.C.E.) in 1989.There are now 300,000 members of Kids F.A.C.E. worldwide and it is the world’s largest youth environmental organization.Poe has also asked the National Park Service to carry out a “Children’s Forest”project in every national park.In 1992,she was invited as one of only six children in the world to speak at the Earth Summit in Brazil as part of the V oices of the Future Program.In 1993,she was given a Caring Award for her efforts by the Caring Institute.Since the organization started,Kids F.A.C.E.members have distributed and planted over 1 million trees!Ongoing tree-planting projects include Kid’s Yards－the creation of backyard wildlife habitats (栖息地)－and now Kids F.A.C.E.is involved in the exciting Earth Odyssey,which is a great way to start helping.“Starting the club turned out to be a way to help people get involved with the environment.Club members started doing things like recycling,picking up litter and planting trees as well as inviting other kids to join their club.”“We try to tell kids that it’s not OK to be lazy,”she explains.“You need to start being a responsible,environmentally friendly person now,right away,before you become a resource-sucking adult.”72.Kids F.A.C.E.is .A.a program to help students with writingB.a project of litter recyclingC.a campaign launched by President BushD.a club of environmental protection73.What can we learn about Poe?A.She was awarded a prize in Brazil.B.She donated billboards across the country.C.She got positive responses for her efforts.D.She joined the National Park Service.74.Kid’s Yards is .A.established in a national parkB.started to protect wildlifeC.a wildlife-raising projectD.an entertainment park for kids75.Which of the following can be inferred from the text?A.Adults are resource-sucking people.B.Poe sought help from a youth organization.C.Kids F.A.C.E.members are from the U.S.D.Kids are urged to save natural resources.答案72.D 73.C 74.B 75.DPassage 8(08·江西C篇)Topping the class academically was certainly an advantage．Studying was a breeze for Nigel．The reward was certainly incomparable to the little effort that he had to put it．It began when he was selected to help the teachers in the computer laboratories．The peak of his school career came not when he topped the school but when he was selected for the nationwide competition．Unlike everyone else, Nigel wanted to join the contest because he liked playing with the Lego sets and making something out of them．Nigel spent the next two months rebuilding the robot．It was during the time that Nigel found out about the prizes for the competition as well as another competitor, Alicia, from a neighboring school．His early intentions were forgotten．Getting the thousand-dollar prize was more important than anything else．Nigel decided to befriend Alicia．Unaware of his intentions, she told him all about the robot that she had been building for the competition．He even helped her to put the finishing touches to her robot．He was glad with the way things had progressed．His robot looked even better than Alicia’s and it was able to bounce a ball with its arm, something Alicia had failed to do．On the day of the competition, he saw Alicia．Everything dawned on her the minute she saw him among the competitors. She stared at him, puzzled at first, then angry and finally a look of helplessness came over her．The flashbulbs of the camera exploded in Nigel’s face．The robot had performed actions so unique and different that the specialists’judgments were the same．Nigel was so pleased with himself that he did not even notice the girl standing a few feet away from him．Without her, he would never have won the competition．64．What reward did Nigel receive for doing well in his school work?A．He was offered a part-time job.B．He was honored with a scholarship.C．He helped his teachers construct a robot.D．He helped in the computer laboratories.65．Nigel’s original intention of joining the contest was to ___ ．A．be the top student of the school B．being great honor to his schoolC．construct a robot with the Lego sets D．wins the thousand-dollar prize66．Why did Nigel help Alicia finish her robot?A．He tried to make friends with her.B．He was fond of building robots.C．He intended to help her.D．He didn’t want her to suspect him. 67．What is the author’s attitude towards Nigel’s actions?A．He is mildly critical. B．He is strongly critical.C．He is in favor of them. D．His attitude is not clear.答案64.D 65.C 66.D 67.APassage 9(08·天津A篇)Sandra Cisneros was born in Chicago in 1954 to a Mexican American family. As the only girl in a family of seven children, she often felt like she had “seven fathers,” because her six brothers, as well as her father, tried to control her. Feeling shy and unimportant, she retreated(躲避) into books. Despite her love of reading, she did not do well in elementary school because she was too shy to participate.In high school, with the encouragement of one particular teacher, Cisneros improved her grades and worked for the school literary magazine. Her father encouraged her to go to college because he thought it would be a good way for her to find a husband. Cisneros did attend college, but instead of searching for a husband, she found a teacher who helped her join the famous graduate writing program at the University of Iowa. At the university’s Writers’Workshop, however, she felt lonely—a Mexican American from a poor neighborhood among students from wealthy families. The feeling of being so different helped Cisneros find her “creative voice.”“It was not until this moment when I considered myself truly different that my writing acquired a voice. I knew I was a Mexican woman, but I didn’t think it had anything to do with why I felt so much imbalance in my life, but it had everything to do with it! That’s when I decided I would write about something my classmates couldn’t write about.”Cisneros published her first work, The House on Mango Street, when she was twenty-nine. The book tells about a young Mexican American girl growing up in a Spanish-speaking area in Chicago, much like the neighborhoods in which Cisneros lived as a child. The book won an award in 1985 and has been used in classes from high school through graduate school level. Since then, Cisneros has published several books of poetry, a children’s book, and a short-story collection.36. Which of the following is TRUE about Cisneros in her childhood?A. She had seven brothers.B. She felt herself a nobody.C. She was too shy to go to school.D. She did not have any good teachers.37. The graduate program gave Cisneros a chance to _____.A. work for a school magazineB. run away from her familyC. make a lot of friendsD. develop her writing style38. According to Cisneros, what played the decisive role in her success?A. Her early years in college.B. Her training in the Workshop.C. Her feeling of being different.D. Her childhood experience.39. What do we learn about The House on Mango Street?A. It is quite popular among students.B. It is the only book ever written by Cisneros.C. It wasn’t a success as it was written in Spanish.D. It won an award when Cisneros was twenty-nine.答案36.B 37.D 38.C 39.APassage 10(08·浙江A篇)Adrian’s “Amazing Race” started early when his parents realized that he, as a baby, couldn’t hear a thing, not even loud noises. In a special school for the hearing-impaired (听觉受损的)，he learned sign language and got to mix with other disabled children. However, the sight of all the disabled children communicating with one another upset his mother. She wanted him to lead a normal life. So after speaking to an advisor, she sent him to private classes where he learned to read lips and pronounce words.Later on, Adrian’s parents decided to send him to a regular school. But the headmaster tried to prevent them from doing so, saying regular schools couldn’t take care of a special needs student. His parents were determined to take the risk and pushed him hard to go through his work every day because they wanted to prove that, given the opportunity, he could do anything. Adrian made the grade and got accepted. It was a big challenge. The pace（节奏）was faster so he had to sit at the front of the class and really pay attention to the teacher, which wasn’t always easy. But he stuck to it and did a lot of extra work after school.The efforts made by Adrian and his parents paid off. Adrian graduated with good grades and got into a top high school. He also achieved a lot in life outside school. He developed a love for the outdoors and went to Nepal to climb mountains. He even entered the World Yacht Race 05/06—being the first hearing-impaired Asian to do so.But none of these achievements would have been possible without one of the most important lessons from his mother.“If you believe in yourself and work hard, you can achieve great results,”she often said.41. How did Adrian communicate with other children in the special school?A. By speaking.B. By using sign language.C. By reading lips.D. By making loud noises.42. Adrian’s parents decided to send him to a regular school because .A. they wanted him to live a normal lifeB. they wanted to prove the headmaster wrongC. he wouldn’t mix with other disabled childrenD. he wasn’t taken good care of in the special school43. How did Adrian finally succeed in his study?A. He did a lot of outdoor activities.B. He was pushed hard to study every day.C. He attended private classes after school.D. He worked very hard both in and after class.44. Why is Adrian’s life described as an “Amazing Race”?A. He did very well in his study.B. He succeeded in entering a regular school.C. He reached his goals in spite of his disability.D. He took part in the World Yacht Race 05/06.答案41.B 42.A 43.D 44.CPassage 11(08·福建A篇)After the Summer Olympics are over,when all the athletesand viewers have gone home and the television audience hasswitched off,another group of athletes and fans will arrive at thehost city,and another competition will begin.These are the Paralympics,the games for athletes with a disability.But in Beijing in ,for the first time,one of the greatest paralympians will not be taking part.She is a British athlete by the name of Tanni Grey-Thompson.Born with spina bifida（脊椎裂）which left her paralysed from the waist down,Tanni used a wheelchair from the age of 7.At first,she was not keen on sport,apart from horse riding,which gave her a sense of freedom.But in her teens,she started taking sports more seriously.She tried swimming,basketball and tennis.Eventually she found athletics, and never looked back.Indeed,Tanni’s athletic career took off.In 1984,when she was 15,she pulled off a surprise victory in the 100 metres at the Junior National Wheelchair Games.In 1988,Tanni went to her first Paralympic Games in Seoul.She won bronze in the 400 metres.Even greater success followed at the 1992 Barcelona Paralympics.Tanni won gold in the 100,200,400 and 800 metres relay,setting two world records in the process.In the same year she achieved the first of her six London Wheelchair Marathon victories.Tanni’s enduring success has been part motivation(动机），part preparation.“The training I do that enables me to be a good sprinter(短跑运动员）,enables me to be good at a marathon too.I train 50 weeks of the year and that keeps me prepared for whatever distance I went to race...I am still competing at a very high level,but as I get older things get harder and I want to retire before I fall apart.”Indeed Tanni retired finally after the Visa Paralympic World Cup in .Her wish is to coach young athletes for Beijing Olympic Games.In spite of ups and downs,she never takes her fate lying down.In her splendid life,she has won an amazing eleven gold medals,four silvers and one bronze in a series of Paralympics—a top level athletic career covering two decades.She has won the London Wheelchair Marathon six times,more than any other competitor,and she has set over thirty world records.What advice does she have for young athletes?“Work hard at your studies,and then train,train and train again.”56.Which of the following sports did Tanni like before thirteen?A.Basketball.B.Swimming.C.Tennis.D.Horse riding.57.When did Tanni win her first Olympic gold medal?A.In 1984.B.In 1988.C.In 1992.D.In .58.The underlined word “that”in the 5th paragraph refers to .A.fifty weeks’trainingB.being a good sprinterC.training almost every dayD.part motivation and part preparation59.What’s the right order of the events related to Tanni?a.She works as a coach.b.She took up athletics.c.She won four gold medals in Barcelona.d.She competed in her first Paralympic Games.e.She achieved a victory in her first London Wheelchair Marathon.A.b,d,c,e,aB.a,d,b,c,eC.a,d,c,e,bD.b,d,a,e,c60.What can we learn from Tanni’s success?。
专题06+人物传记-爱尚阅读高考语文(话题篇)+Word版含解析.doc
伟大喜剧家的一生1889年4月16日，查理·卓别林出生于英国伦敦。
他父亲老查理是一个演员，虽然不是什么大人物，但也表现不俗。
他母亲汉娜是一位出色的喜剧演员，嗓音甜美动人。
虽然谈不上富裕，可戏院的工作毕竟能使卓别林一家过上安逸的生活。
然而，幸福的生活并不长久，老查理对酒的嗜好缓慢地却毫无疑问地破坏着他的婚姻生活。
这桩婚姻最终以离婚而宣告结束，但汉娜是不会轻易认输的。
她不仅想方设法让孩子们吃饱穿暖，保持干净整洁，而且动足脑筋变换方法，让他们过得欢乐愉快。
她有时站在窗边，注视行人，通过行人的外表和举止猜测他们的性格，继而编故事，逗孩子们开心。
卓别林继承了母亲的这点，而这也正是他一生用之不尽的财富。
即便在处境最为艰难的时刻，卓别林也始终坚信自己蕴藏着特殊的才能。
他鼓足勇气，前往伦敦一家高级的戏院应聘，竟获得新编的《夏洛克·福尔摩斯》剧中的小佣人比利一角。
卓别林似乎一夜间发生了巨变，他好似找到了立志从事的事业。
后来，卓别林随所在的卡尔诺剧团赴美国作一年一度的巡回表演，此时他已被认为是当地美国人见过的最为出类拔萃的哑剧表演艺术家之一。
当他们抵达费城时，一纸电文把替换启斯东电影公司的一位明星的机遇赐予了他。
电影是与卓别林同时代诞生的。
但当时人们普遍以为电影充其量不过是昙花一现的时尚，它不可能替代现场真人表演。
公司给他几周观摩的时间，他站在一旁，边观察、边学习，下定决心要驾驭这个新生事物。
1914年2月，卓别林主演的处女片上映，影片取名《谋生之路》。
尽管此片由于导演的无能而令卓别林大失所望，但观众还是喜爱这部片子的。
之后他又拍了几部片，增长了不少学识。
公众喜爱他，电影销售商也开始索要越来越多的卓别林的片子，在极短的时间内，他成了电影界的重要人物。
缺乏良好的教育背景并未阻止卓别林迈向成功，他明白自己必须继续前进。
继续前进会有风险，但那是值得冒的风险。
在一度的失望和担忧之后，他又与美国埃塞尼电影制片公司签订了工作合同。
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2014全国高考汇编阅读之人物传记类一（2014广东卷）ASamuel Osmond is a 19-year-old law student from Cornwall, England. He never studied the piano. However, he can play very difficult musical pieces by musicians such as Chopin and Beethoven just a few minutes after he hears them. He learns a piece of music by listening to it in parts. Then he thinks about the notes in his head. Two years ago, he played his first piece Moonlight Sonata（奏鸣曲）by Beethoven. He surprised everyone around him.Amazed that he remembered this long and difficult piece of music and played it perfectly, his teachers say Samuel is unbelievable .They say his ability is very rare, but Samuel doesn’t even realize that what he can do is special. Samuel wanted to become a lawyer as it was the wish of his parents, but music teachers told him he should study music instead. Now, he studies law and music.Samuel can’t understand why everyone is so surprised. “I grew up with music. My mother played the piano and my father played the guitar. About two years ago, I suddenly decided to start playing the piano, without being able to read music and without having any lessons. It comes easily to me ---I hear the notes and can bear them in mind---each and every note,” says Samuel.Recently, Samuel performed a piece during a special event at his college. The piece had more than a thousand notes. The audience was impressed by his amazing performance. He is now learning a piece that is so difficult that many professional pianists can’t play it. Samuel s ays confidently,” It’s all about super memory---I guess I have that gift.”However, Samuel’s ability to remember things doesn’t stop with music. His family says that even when he was a young boy, Samuel heard someone read a story, and then he could retell the story word for word.Samuel is still only a teenager. He doesn’t know what he wants to do in the future. For now, he is just happy to play beautiful music and continue his studies.26.What is special about Samuel Osmond?A. He has a gift for writing music.B. He can write down the note he hears.C. He is a top student at the law school.D. He can play the musical piece he hears.27.What can we learn from Paragraph 2?A. Samuel chose law against the wish of his parents.B. Samuel planned to be a lawyer rather than a musician.C. Samuel thinks of himself as a man of great musical ability.D. Samuel studies law and music on the advice of his teachers.28.Everyone around Samuel was surprised because he _________.A.received a good early education in musicB.played the guitar and the piano perfectlyC.could play the piano without reading musicD.could play the guitar better than his father29.What can we infer about Samuel in Paragraph 4?A.He became famous during a special event at his college.B.He is proud of his ability to remember things accurately.C.He plays the piano better than many professional pianists.D.He impressed the audience by playing all the musical pieces.30.Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A.The Qualities of a MusicianB.The Story of a Musical TalentC.The Importance of Early EducationD.The Relationship between Memory and Music.【考点】考察人物传记类阅读【文章大意】本文主要讲述了一位音乐天才的事情，在不懂乐谱，也从来没有上过钢琴课的情况下就能够演奏很难的乐曲。
而且他有超强的记忆力，他就是Samuel Osmond。
26. 【答案】D【试题解析】细节题。
根据第一段第三句However, he can play very difficult musical pieces by musicians such as Chopin and Beethoven just a few minutes after he hears them.得知他在听完一个乐曲几分钟以后就可以立刻演奏这些很难学的乐曲。
说明他的记忆力和音乐才能很突出。
故D正确。
27. 【答案】B【试题解析】推理题。
根据第二段最后一句Samuel wanted to become a lawyer as it was the wish of his parents, but music teachers told him he should study music instead. Now, he studies law and music.因为他父母亲希望他学习法律，所以他希望自己称为律师，但是他的音乐老师让他学习音乐，所以现在他法律和音乐一起学习。
本句可知他原来计划是学习法律的。
故B 正确。
28. 【答案】C【试题解析】细节题。
根据第三段2,3行About two years ago, I suddenly decided to start playing the piano, without being able to read music and without having any lessons.得知他在不理解乐谱也不去上音乐课的情况下，就会弹钢琴，这让人们非常惊讶。
故C正确。
29. 【答案】B【试题解析】推理题。
根据第四段最后一句Samuel says confidently,” It’s all about super memory---I guess I have that gift.”他很自信地说：这是关于超级记忆，我认为我有那个天赋。
本句说明他很自豪自己有这样的能力。
故B正确。
30.【答案】B【试题解析】主旨大意题。
本文主要讲述了一位音乐天才的事情，在不懂乐谱，也从来没有上过钢琴课的情况下就能够演奏很难的乐曲。
他就是Samuel Osmond。
故B正确。
【长难句解析】About two years ago, I suddenly decided to start playing the piano, without being able to read music and without having any lessons.【翻译】大约2年前，我突然决定开始弹钢琴，我不动乐谱也没有上过音乐课。
【分析】本句中的介词短语without being able to read music and without having any lessons在句中是伴随状语。