苹果理化品质评价指标
合集下载
相关主题
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
中国农业科学 2012,45(14):2895-2903 Scientia Agricultura Sinica
doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2012.14.012
苹果理化品质评价指标研究
聂继云
1，2
，李志霞 ，李海飞 ，李 静 ，王 昆 ，毋永龙 1，2 1，2 1，2 1，2 徐国锋 ，闫 震 ，吴 锡 ，覃 兴
Evaluation Indices for Apple Physicochemical Quality
NIE Ji-yun1,2, LI Zhi-xia1,2, LI Hai-fei1,2, LI Jing1,2, WANG Kun1, WU Yong-long1,2, XU Guo-feng1,2, YAN Zhen1,2, WU Xi1,2, QIN Xing1,2
(1Institute of Pomology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xingcheng 125199, Liaoning; 2Laboratory of Risk Assessment on Fruit Quality and Safety (Xingcheng), Ministry of Agriculture, Xingcheng 125199, Liaoning)
Abstract: 【Objective】 The aim of this study was to clarify the relations among the main indices of apple physicochemical quality (APQ), to establish their scientific grading standards, and to identify the typical indices of APQ. 【Method】 Seven indices of APQ including fruit firmness (FF), titratable acidity (TA), total soluble solid (TSS), soluble sugar (SS), total soluble solid/titratable acidity (TSS/TA), soluble sugar/titratable acidity (SS/TA), and vitamin C (Vc), were determined. Relations among indices were investigated by correlation analysis and regression analysis. Indices were graded by probability grading. The typical indices were identified by principal component analysis and systematic cluster analysis. 【Result】 FF, TA, TSS, and SS distributed normally, while TSS/TA, SS/TA, and Vc also did so, only if 22-24 cultivars were removed. All indices were divided into 5 grades with normal distribution, and the cultivar proportions of 5 grades were, respectively, 7.4%, 23.9%, 40.1%, 18.2%, and 10.4 %. There were significant correlation between TSS and SS, TSS/TA and SS/TA, and TSS/TA and SS/TA with TA, and the correlation coefficient were up to 0.8343, 0.9844, -0.8788, and -0.8597. Among TSS, SS, TSS/TA and SS/TA, there were 4 significant three-variable linear equations with an prediction error below 2%. And there were 4 significant linear regression equations among TSS, SS, TSS/TA, and
1，2
Fra Baidu bibliotek
1，2
1，2
1
1，2
，
（1 中国农业科学院果树研究所，辽宁兴城 125199；2 农业部果品质量安全风险评估实验室（兴城） ，辽宁兴城 125199）
摘要： 【目的】明确苹果主要理化指标之间的相互关系，建立苹果主要理化指标的科学分级标准，确立苹果 代表性理化指标，为苹果理化品质评价奠定基础。 【方法】以 190 个品种的果实为试材，测定果实硬度等 7 项理化 指标，利用相关分析和回归分析探索指标间的相互关系，运用概率分级建立各指标的正态分级标准，利用主成分 分析和聚类分析确定代表性理化指标。 【结果】⑴果实硬度、可滴定酸含量、可溶性固形物含量和可溶性糖含量呈 正态分布，在去掉拖尾的少数品种后，固酸比、糖酸比和维生素 C 含量也呈正态分布；⑵各指标均划分为服从正 态分布的 5 级，各级的平均分布频率分别为 7.4%、23.9%、40.1%、18.2%、10.4%；⑶可溶性固形物含量与可溶性 糖含量、固酸比与糖酸比、固酸比与可滴定酸含量和糖酸比与可滴定酸含量均呈极显著相关，相关系数分别为 0.8343、0.9844、-0.8788 和-0.8597；⑷可溶性固形物含量、可溶性糖含量、固酸比和糖酸比之间存在 4 个极显 著的三元线性回归方程，平均预测误差均小于 2%；⑸可溶性固形物含量和可溶性糖含量之间、固酸比和糖酸比之 间存在极显著的一元线性回归方程，平均预测误差在 4.3%—5.6%；⑹7 项指标可简化为 5 项，即果实硬度、可溶 性糖含量、可滴定酸含量、糖酸比和维生素 C 含量。 【结论】7 项苹果理化指标均可划分为服从正态分布的 5 级。 某些苹果理化指标可用其它苹果理化指标进行预测。用 5 项指标即可对苹果理化品质进行有效评价。 关键词：苹果；理化品质；评价指标；概率分级；定性定量关系；指标简化
doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2012.14.012
苹果理化品质评价指标研究
聂继云
1，2
，李志霞 ，李海飞 ，李 静 ，王 昆 ，毋永龙 1，2 1，2 1，2 1，2 徐国锋 ，闫 震 ，吴 锡 ，覃 兴
Evaluation Indices for Apple Physicochemical Quality
NIE Ji-yun1,2, LI Zhi-xia1,2, LI Hai-fei1,2, LI Jing1,2, WANG Kun1, WU Yong-long1,2, XU Guo-feng1,2, YAN Zhen1,2, WU Xi1,2, QIN Xing1,2
(1Institute of Pomology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xingcheng 125199, Liaoning; 2Laboratory of Risk Assessment on Fruit Quality and Safety (Xingcheng), Ministry of Agriculture, Xingcheng 125199, Liaoning)
Abstract: 【Objective】 The aim of this study was to clarify the relations among the main indices of apple physicochemical quality (APQ), to establish their scientific grading standards, and to identify the typical indices of APQ. 【Method】 Seven indices of APQ including fruit firmness (FF), titratable acidity (TA), total soluble solid (TSS), soluble sugar (SS), total soluble solid/titratable acidity (TSS/TA), soluble sugar/titratable acidity (SS/TA), and vitamin C (Vc), were determined. Relations among indices were investigated by correlation analysis and regression analysis. Indices were graded by probability grading. The typical indices were identified by principal component analysis and systematic cluster analysis. 【Result】 FF, TA, TSS, and SS distributed normally, while TSS/TA, SS/TA, and Vc also did so, only if 22-24 cultivars were removed. All indices were divided into 5 grades with normal distribution, and the cultivar proportions of 5 grades were, respectively, 7.4%, 23.9%, 40.1%, 18.2%, and 10.4 %. There were significant correlation between TSS and SS, TSS/TA and SS/TA, and TSS/TA and SS/TA with TA, and the correlation coefficient were up to 0.8343, 0.9844, -0.8788, and -0.8597. Among TSS, SS, TSS/TA and SS/TA, there were 4 significant three-variable linear equations with an prediction error below 2%. And there were 4 significant linear regression equations among TSS, SS, TSS/TA, and
1，2
Fra Baidu bibliotek
1，2
1，2
1
1，2
，
（1 中国农业科学院果树研究所，辽宁兴城 125199；2 农业部果品质量安全风险评估实验室（兴城） ，辽宁兴城 125199）
摘要： 【目的】明确苹果主要理化指标之间的相互关系，建立苹果主要理化指标的科学分级标准，确立苹果 代表性理化指标，为苹果理化品质评价奠定基础。 【方法】以 190 个品种的果实为试材，测定果实硬度等 7 项理化 指标，利用相关分析和回归分析探索指标间的相互关系，运用概率分级建立各指标的正态分级标准，利用主成分 分析和聚类分析确定代表性理化指标。 【结果】⑴果实硬度、可滴定酸含量、可溶性固形物含量和可溶性糖含量呈 正态分布，在去掉拖尾的少数品种后，固酸比、糖酸比和维生素 C 含量也呈正态分布；⑵各指标均划分为服从正 态分布的 5 级，各级的平均分布频率分别为 7.4%、23.9%、40.1%、18.2%、10.4%；⑶可溶性固形物含量与可溶性 糖含量、固酸比与糖酸比、固酸比与可滴定酸含量和糖酸比与可滴定酸含量均呈极显著相关，相关系数分别为 0.8343、0.9844、-0.8788 和-0.8597；⑷可溶性固形物含量、可溶性糖含量、固酸比和糖酸比之间存在 4 个极显 著的三元线性回归方程，平均预测误差均小于 2%；⑸可溶性固形物含量和可溶性糖含量之间、固酸比和糖酸比之 间存在极显著的一元线性回归方程，平均预测误差在 4.3%—5.6%；⑹7 项指标可简化为 5 项，即果实硬度、可溶 性糖含量、可滴定酸含量、糖酸比和维生素 C 含量。 【结论】7 项苹果理化指标均可划分为服从正态分布的 5 级。 某些苹果理化指标可用其它苹果理化指标进行预测。用 5 项指标即可对苹果理化品质进行有效评价。 关键词：苹果；理化品质；评价指标；概率分级；定性定量关系；指标简化