2020年高考英语全国卷I语法填空试题及答案详解

2020年高考英语全国卷I语法填空试题及答案详解

（全国卷I适用地区：安徽、湖北、福建、湖南、山西、河北、江西、广东、河南）

请看试题：

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess 61 (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is 62 (extreme) challenging. Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 63 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 64 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山)，more so 65 the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66 (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. ＂This really excites scientists,＂Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, ＂because it 67 (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68 (construct)＂Data about the moon’s composition, such as how 69 ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 70 (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.

请看译文：

中国已经成为第一个登上月球背面的国家。无人驾驶嫦娥四号探测器——这个名字的灵感来源中国古代月亮女神，于上周在南极艾特肯盆地降落。在月球的背面着陆是非常有挑战性的。由于月球自身阻挡了与探测器的直接无线电通信信号，中国不得不首先将卫星送入月球上方轨道上的一个点，在那里它可以向航天器和地球发送信号。科学家们对月球的背面特别感兴趣，因为它有很多深的环形山，比我们熟悉的月球正面更感兴趣。中国研究人员希望利用嫦娥四号飞船上的仪器来探寻和研究南极艾特肯盆地的地域。“这真的让科学家们很兴奋，”布朗大学的一位科学家Carle Pieters说，“因为这意味着我们有机会获得关于月球构造的信息”。关于月球成份的数据，比如它含有多少冰和其他宝藏，有助于中国决定其未来把

月球作为基地的计划是否可行。

请看答案及详解：

这是一篇科技类说明文。中国已经成为第一个登上月球背面的国家，文章主要介绍了中国无人驾驶嫦娥四号探测器发射的意义。

61. touched 考查谓语动词时态。“The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess touched down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. 无人驾驶嫦娥四号探测器—这个名字的灵感来源中国古代月亮女神，于上周在南极艾特肯盆地降落。”句中“- the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess”是同位语，该句的主要结构为“The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe touched down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin.”因此,该空格为谓语部分，根据时间状语last week，可知用一般过去时。

62. extremely 考查副词的正确使用。“Landing on the moon’s far side is extremely challenging. 在月球的背面着陆是非常有挑战性的。”修饰形容词challenging用副词extremely。

63. where考查定语从句。“Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot where it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. 由于月球自身阻挡了与探测器的直接无线电通信信号，中国不得不首先将卫星送入月球上方轨道上的一个点，在那里它可以向航天器和地球发送信号。”分析句子可知，空格处引导一个定语从句，先行词是a spot，还原到定语从句中为：it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth in the spot.先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，因此引导词用关系副词where。

64. interest 考查词性转换。“The far side of the moon is of particular interest to scientists 科学家们对月球的背面特别感兴趣“。be of interest 是固定用法，介词of 之后要用名词 interest 。

65. than 考查比较状语从句。“The far side of the moon is of particular interest to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters, more so than the familiar near side. 科学家们对月球的背面特别感兴趣，因为它有很多深的环形山，比我们熟悉的月球正面更感兴趣。”句中so 指代上句中的“be of interest to scientists”，“more so than the familiar near side”相当于“be of more interest to scientists than the familiar near side”，也就是说“The far side of the moon is of more interest to scientists than the familiar near side. 月球的背面比月球的正面更令科学家感兴趣”。

66. to find 考查非谓语动词。“Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 to find and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. 中国研究人员希望利用嫦娥四号飞船上的仪器来探寻和研究南极艾特肯盆地的地域。”动词不定式to find作目的状语。

67. means 考查谓语动词时态。＂This really excites scientists,＂Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, ＂because it means we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon is constructed. “这真的让科学家们很兴奋，”布朗大学的一位科学家Carle