《商务英语》作业答案

《商务英语》作业

1.请将以下信件翻译成英文：敬爱的托马斯先生：您是我们关系最持久的业务伙伴之一，我们非常重视这八年来的合作关系。我将到美国，并将于11月18日上午10点到您的写字楼拜访，商谈毛绒玩具的价格。我希望能尽快见到您。此致，鲍勃分值：25

Dear Mr.Thomas,

As you are one of our oldest and most regular partners, we greatly appreciate our cooperation for the past 8 years. I will go to the United States and call at your office at 10 a.m. on November 16. At that time, I will negotiate with you about the price of the stuffed toys.

Sincerely yours,

Bob

2.请用英语描述国际贸易理论有哪些? 分值：25

【International Trade Theories】

【Adam Smith's model】Adam Smith displays trade taking place on the basis of countries exercising absolute advantage over one another.

【Ricardian model】The Ricardian model focuses on comparative advantage, which arises due to differences in technology or natural resources. The Ricardian model does not directly consider factor endowments, such as the relative amounts of labor and capital within a country.

【Heckscher–Ohlin model】In the early 1900s a theory of international trade was developed by two Swedish economists, Eli Heckscher and Bertil Ohlin. This theory has subsequently been known as the Heckscher–Ohlin model (H–O model). The results of the H–O model are that countries will produce and export goods that require resources (factors) which are relatively abundant and import goods that require resources which are in relative short supply.

【New Trade Theory】New Trade Theory tries to explain empirical elements of trade that comparative advantage-based models above have difficulty with. These include the fact that most trade is between countries with similar factor endowment and productivity levels, and the large amount of multinational production (i.e., foreign direct investment) that exists.

Gravity model：The Gravity model of trade presents a more empirical analysis of trading patterns. The gravity model, in its basic form, predicts trade based on the distance between countries and the interaction of the countries' economic sizes. The model mimics the Newtonian law of gravity which also considers distance and physical size between two objects. The model has been proven to be empirically strong through econometric analysis.

【Ricardian theory of international trade (modern development)】The Ricardian theory of comparative advantage became a basic constituent of neoclassical trade theory. Any undergraduate course in trade theory includes a presentation of Ricardo's example of a two-commodity, two-country model. A common representation of this model is made using an Edgeworth Box.

【Neo-Ricardian trade theory】The merit of neo-Ricardian trade theory is that input goods