短语动词归纳

（一）定义:

英语中有些动词可以和一些别的词构成短语，表达一个概念，这种形式的组合，我们称为短语动词

（二）构成:

1.“动词+副词”，如果后面接代词作宾语时，只能放在动词和副词之间；如果接名词，可以放在动词和副词之间，也可以放在它们的后面。

（1）副词为up

put up举起look up抬起头/查阅hold up举起/延误keep up坚持

add up 加起来take up拿起，从事figure up计算fix up修理,整理build up树立set up建立drink up喝干eat up吃光

burn up烧光use up用光sum up总结break up结束，拆开cut up切碎blow up炸毁tear up撕碎give up放弃

pick up捡起/搭便车/接人/接收turn up调大/出现speak up大声说speed up加速show up出现cheer up振作起来bring up抚育

check up核对clear up清理;转晴do up整理make up化妆,和解,弥补shut up关闭

(2)副词为down

hand down传下来knock down撞倒lay down放下let down放下/辜负/让失望pour down倾盆而下set down放下turn down关小,拒绝take down取下

blow down吹倒bring down打垮;降低lie down躺下die down变弱,逐渐停止go down平静下来slow down慢下来burn down烧掉lose down关闭

break down坏掉settle down平静下来put down镇压write down写下

take down记下/拆卸put down记下get down下来/使沮丧fall down 跌倒/落

(3)副词为on

carry on继续hold on抓住/不挂断keep on继续walk on继续走

go on继续insist on坚持turn on打开put on穿上/上演

try on试穿take on呈现rely on依靠depend on依靠;随…而定pass on传递get on上车hand on传送work on从事

call on拜访live on 以…为生feed on 以…为食

(4)副词为off

blow off吹掉drive off 击退get off下车,动身set off 动身

see off送行take off起飞,脱give off发出carry off走

cut off 切断tear off 扯掉come off 脱落fall off 脱落/落下

turn off关掉shut off关掉go off走开，爆炸break off中断

pay off付清

(5)副词为in

break in闯入;插嘴drop in偶然拜访step in走进cut in插嘴

draw in(火车)进站check in签到count in记入fill in填入

hand in交上take in吸收

(6)副词为out

keep out使在外take out拿出put out放出,伸出,扑灭look out向外看/注意move out搬出point out指出pour out诉说pull out拉出

stick out伸出spit out吐出drive out驾车外出see out送出门去

let out放出,释放clear out清除run out用完use out耗尽

give out耗尽wipe out消灭die out灭绝blow out吹熄

carry out完成,执行leave out省去come out出版开花,长出sell out卖完

wear out磨损shout out喊,申斥speak out说出read out读出

give out分发spread out传开set out出发hand out分发

send out发送break out爆发,逃脱find out找出figure out算出,解决make out弄清bring out出版,说出,拿出work out算出,解决

(7)副词为over

knock over撞倒turn over翻转look over从…上面看,调查think over仔细考虑see over查看talk over商量go over复习hand over移交take over接管come over过来win over争取过来cry over因……哭

(8)副词为away

go away走开run away跑开walk away走开ride away开走move away移开take away拿走carry away运走put away收起来keep away不准接近die away逐渐消失pass away去世wash away冲走wipe away擦掉

2.“动词+介词”,其后可以跟名词、代词、动名词等。

(1)介词为at

arrive at/in到达call at访问laugh at嘲笑look at看

work at努力于catch at当场抓住fire at向……开火shoot at向……射击glare at怒目而视stare at注视着knock at敲击smile at向……微笑pull at拉扯drop in at顺便参观某地point at 指向/指着

(2)介词为about

argue about争论ask about询问bring about引起/带来chat about闲聊care about在意complain about抱怨go about着手hear about听说inquire about打听know about了解quarrel about争吵set about开始

talk about谈论think about考虑worry about担心

(3)介词为for search for 搜查go in for参加

answer for为……负责ask for向……要,索取call for要求,需要

fight for为……而战,争取leave for奔赴/前往long for渴望

look for寻找make for向…去pay for 为…付钱prepare for为作准备send for派人去请thanks for因……感谢