何紫婉《国际贸易中的反补贴现状研究》

《世界贸易组织》课程论文

摘要

CV(Countervaling),中文译为反补贴，是WTO为消除补贴负面影响的一种手段，指进口国反补贴机关，依法对造成本国产业损害（或损害威胁或阻碍）的补贴行为采取征收反补贴（或价格承诺）等措施以抵消损害后果的法律行为。自改革开放以来，我国一直是与反补贴绝缘的，但自2004年加拿大对华成功实施反补贴以来，国外对华反补贴忽成燎原之势，世界反补贴的矛头直指中国，中国随即成为反补贴调查的头号目标国，而反补贴问题已经成为我国对外贸易易摩擦的新热点。预计在未来，我国面临的反补贴调查形式不容乐观。这种情况无疑凸显了深入研究国际反补贴调查对我国影响的意义。

反补贴措施是ＷＴＯ规则所允许的保护国内产业、维护贸易秩序和公平竞争的法律手段之一。它与反倾销、保障措施和农业特别保障措施等措施在国际贸易中被广泛的运用,但反补贴与反倾销、保障措施和农业特别保障措施存在着区别。我国正面临着国际反补贴形势的威胁，而我国的反补贴立法及实践现状还存在着问题。我国应该加强和完善反补贴立法及相关政策，建立和完善反补贴机构、机制和措施，加强反补贴协作体系，谨慎运用反补贴措施，积极利用WTO争端解决机制，做好反补贴应诉工作。

关键词：国际贸易；反补贴；现状；对策

ABSTRACT

CV (Countervaling), the Chinese translation for countervailing and is WTO in order to eliminate the negative impact of subsidies as a means to countervailing authority of the importing country, in accordance with the law to have caused damage to the domestic industry (or threat of injury or stand in the way of subsidies take levy anti subsidy (or the price commitment) measures to offset the damaging effects of legal acts. Since the reform and opening up, China has been since the countervailing insulation, but since 2004 Canada China successful implementation of countervailing and Foreign Countervailing Measures against China suddenly into Liaoyuanzhishi, world anti subsidies were directed at China China then become anti subsidy investigation the number one target of, and countervailing issues has become the new hot spot of China's foreign trade friction. Expected in the future, China is faced with the form of countervailing investigation is not optimistic. This situation undoubtedly highlights the significance of in-depth study of the impact of international countervailing investigation on china.

Anti subsidy measure is one of the legal means to protect domestic industry, maintain trade order and fair competition, which is permitted by WTO rules. It is widely used in international trade, which is widely used in international trade, such as anti dumping, safeguard measures and special safeguard measures of agriculture, but there is a difference between anti subsidy and anti-dumping, safeguard measures and special safeguard measures of agriculture. Our country is facing the threat of the international anti subsidy situation, and our country's anti subsidy legislation and practice of the status quo is still a problem. Our country should strengthen and improve the anti subsidy legislation and related policies, establish and perfect countervailing institutions, mechanisms and measures, strengthen the cooperation system of anti subsidy, the prudent use of countervailing measures, actively use of WTO dispute settlement mechanism, countervailing responding work well.

Key words：International trade; anti subsidy; status quo; countermeasure