专四英语语法和词汇

合集下载

英语专四考试词汇与语法详解

英语专四考试词汇与语法详解英语专四考试词汇与语法详解语法和词汇是英语考试必考的题目，占得分值也是比较大的，深入了解语法和词汇是我们必须要做到，下面就和店铺一起来看看专业英语四级的词汇语法详解吧!一、代数名词数词1.在使用两个以上的人称代词时顺序是：第二人称第三人称第一人称2.everyone后面不可以跟of短语 every one 就可以3.以‘名词/动名词+介词(短语)/形容词/副词/动词不定式’构成的复合名词，它的复数形式是将作为主要部分的名词或动名词变为复数直接来源于短语或以可数名词结尾的复合名词的复数形式是将最后一个构词部分变为复数以‘man 或者woman+名词’构成的复合名词的复数形式是将两个组成部分全变成复数以不可数名词结尾的复合名词无复数形式如：homework4.物质名词一般不可数，但用于表示‘各种不同品种’时几乎都可做可数名词如：different teas5.当抽象名词前后有修饰语表示‘某一种’或‘某一方面’的`抽象概念时其前可加a/an6.名词所有格要点：必须用's的场合(1)'s属格用于表示时间，度量衡，价值的名词之后(2)作为一个整体的词组在最后一个词加's(3)人或物为两人共有，在第二个名词后加's(4)当所有格后面的名词是人们熟悉的建筑物如商店，住家，教堂，医院等，此名词常省略(5)复合名词在最后一个词后加's(6)当被修饰的名词后有同位语时，必须用's7.当用来表示类别或属性时，要用's children's shoes 儿童鞋，必须用of的场合(1)名词后跟有后置修饰语或同位语时(2)以定冠词加分词或形容词表示一类人时如果dozen/score/hundred/thousand/million前有基数词以表示确切数目时，都不能用复数形式如果用来表示很多有不确切的数目时，须用复数，而且后面加of8.表示顺序的两种方式：(1)'名词+基数词'，不用冠词，如Chapter four(2)' the+序数词+名词' 如the Fourth Chapter9.倍数增减的表示法(1) 倍数+形容词/副词比较级+than(2) 倍数+as+形容词/副词+as(3) 倍数+名词(4) 动词+百分比或倍数(5) 动词+to+数词(6) double/triple/quadruple+名词(7) 动词+by+数词/百分比/倍数10.分数分子为基数词，分母为序数词分母除了在分子为一的其他情况下为复数11.百分比后接名词时加of二、形容词副词(1)前置修饰语的排列顺序可以至于冠词前的形容词(all both such) -----冠词，指示形容词，所有格形容词，不定形容词(a an the this your his any some)-----------基数词(one ) 序数词(first)------------ 表示性质，状态，质量的形容词(good useful)--------------表示大小，长短，形状的形容词----------------表示年龄，新旧，温度的形容词------------表示颜色的形容词---------------------表示国籍，产地，区域的形容词-----------表示材料，用做形容词的名词----------动名词，分词(2)后置修饰语由前缀a-构成的形容词(3)形容词修饰由some-,any-,every-,no-,-body,-one,-thing等组成的复合不定代词时，必须后置(4)enough作形容词修饰名词时既可放前又可放后，但当它作副词修饰形容词或副词时，必须后置(5)有些形容词本身就有’比…年长‘，’比…… 优等的意思这些形容词后面用介词to 而不用than(6)much too 作为副词短语修饰形容词或副词，不修饰名词(7)more 不能用来修饰比较级(8)与名词连用的more of a …/as much of a…/more of a…意为更像…(9)as much o f a…意为称得上，less of a 意为算不上(10)none other than(不是别人，正是)=no other than(11)any/some/every与other连用时，其后若用可数名词，一般为单数三、情态动词(1)can 用于否定句cannot(help)but表示不能不，只能(but后跟不带to的动词不定式)(2)must 表示禁止，一定不要时的否定式为mustn't 当它表示有把握的推断时意为一定准是时它的否定形式为can't(3)need doing=need to be done 这个句型表示被动意味(4)need not have done sth 表示本来没有必要做某事 (经常考)四、虚拟语气从句主句(1)与过去事实相反 had+过去分词 should(第一人称)would(其它人称)+have+过去分词与现在事实相反一般过去式(动词be用were) would/should/could/might+动词原型与将来事实相反过去式或should/were+动原would/should/could/might+动词原型(2)It is (high/about/the)time……谓语动词用过去式指现在或将来的情况表示早该做某事而现在已经有点晚了(3)It is the first(second/third)time后的that从句中，谓语动词要用完成体来表示一种经验(4)as if/though 的虚拟要点(5)对当时事实的假设，从句谓语用过去式，be动词一律用were(6)对过去事实的假设，从句谓语用过去完成式(7)对未来事实的假设，从句谓语用would+动词原型【英语专四考试词汇与语法详解】。

英语专四语法、词汇知识大全

英语专业四级语法、词汇知识1．语法考题的涉及面宽，近年考题曾经考到：几乎所有词类；三种动词的非谓语形式；各种从句及关系词的用法；动词时态、虚拟语气、情态动词的用法；独立主格，主谓一致，倒装，强调、并列结构等基本语法知识。

2．语法考试的重点突出，语法考试的重点为内容庞杂较难掌握的项目，这些项目还反复出现，如：虚拟语气，状语从句，定语从句，独立主格，情态动词。

3．具体考查重点为以上项目中的特殊用法，不常用的情况1）虚拟语气的考点为：would rather＋that从句＋一般过去时：It is vital／necessary／important ／urgent／imperative／desirable／advisable／natural／essential＋that＋动词原形；It is time／about time／high time＋that＋一般过去时：proposal／suggestion＋that＋动词原形；lest ＋that＋should＋动词原形；if only＋that＋would＋动词原形。

2）状语从句的考点为：非if引导的条件状语从句，此类句子多用at times，provided，so long as，in case，once等来替代if；由even if／so，now that，for all等引导的让步状语从句；just／hardly...when引导的时间状语从句；more than，as...as，not so much as，the same as，as much as等引导的比较状语从句。

3）独立主格结构多以逻辑主语＋分词的形式出现。

4）情态动词多与完成时形式连用。

5）定语从句重点考查介词＋关系代词（which）和as作为关系代词。

专业四级考试的词汇部分要求考生能灵活正确运用教学大纲语法结构表一至四级的全部内容，熟练掌握教学大纲词汇表中一至四级规定的5000—6000个认知词汇及其最基本的搭配。

(完整版)英语专业四级语法和词汇总结

1.nothing but意为“仅仅，只不过”；anything but意为“除…以外的任何事”；none other than 意为“不是别人，正是…”；no more than意为“不过，仅仅”。

2.A. taxes B. payment付款 C. fees 手续费、入场费、会费 D. premium津贴酬金3. A. display展示型表演 B. performance文艺表演 C. show展览会 D. exhibition销售性质的展览会4. No one would have time to read or listen to an account of everything ____going on in the world.A. it isB. as isC. there is 在以there be为谓语动词的定语从句中，如关系代词作主语，则关系代词便可省略D. what is5. A. set out 开始 as/in/on B. set off使做某事 C. set up 开业,开始经商D. set about开始、着手6. proliferation 扩散fair庙会、交易会7. tumble to 突然察觉come to意为“降临，发生8. understand better than...意为“对…非常理解”9. go with意为“与…相配”；go by意为“根据…作出判断”；go through意为“通过；经历”；go out意为“过时” go into意为“叙述；讨论10. on principle意为“根据行为准则；按照原则”；in principle意为“原则上；基本上；大体上”。

for与by不与principle搭配。

11. take over意为“接收，接管”；take up意为“开始采用；采取，承担”；take off意为“脱去；拿掉”；take to意为“开始从事；开始沉湎于”。

专四词汇与语法

专四词汇与语法一、词汇部分。

1. abandon [əˈbændən]（动词）- 词义：放弃；抛弃；放纵。

- 例句：Don't abandon yourself to despair.（不要自暴自弃。

）2. ability [əˈbɪləti]（名词）- 词义：能力；才能。

- 例句：He has the ability to solve this difficult problem.（他有能力解决这个难题。

）3. abnormal [æbˈnɔːml]（形容词）- 词义：反常的；不正常的。

- 例句：This abnormal weather has caused a lot of problems.（这种反常的天气造成了许多问题。

）二、语法部分。

1. 时态 - 一般现在时。

- 结构：主语 + 动词原形（第三人称单数形式为动词 + s/es）- 用法：- 表示经常或习惯性的动作或存在的状态。

例如：He often goes to school by bike.（他经常骑自行车上学。

）- 表示客观事实或普遍真理。

例如：The earth moves around the sun.（地球绕着太阳转。

）2. 名词的数 - 可数名词复数形式。

- 规则变化：- 一般情况加 -s，如book - books。

- 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的加 -es，如box - boxes。

- 以辅音字母 + y结尾的，变y为i加 -es，如city - cities。

- 不规则变化：- 如man - men，woman - women，child - children等。

3. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级。

- 规则变化：- 单音节词和部分双音节词：- 一般情况加 -er（比较级）和 -est（最高级），如tall - taller - tallest。

- 以e结尾的加 -r和 -st，如nice - nicer - nicest。

专四常考语法点汇总

专四常考语法点汇总语法与词汇专项语法核⼼考点⼀：从属分句复合句= 主句+从句（1个或1个以上）要点1从属分句是复合句必不可少的组成部分，以语法功能作为分类标准，从属分句可以分为状语从句、关系从句（即定语从句）和名词性从句。

其中状语从句可分为时间、地点、原因、结果、程度、⽬的、条件、让步和⽅式等；名词性从句可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。

要点 2 状语从句的考点集中在⽅式、条件、让步、⽅式和时间状语从句上；关系从句的考点集中在关系代词的选择，限制性定语从句和⾮限制性定语从句的区别；名词性从句的考点集中在宾语从句和同位语从句。

⼀状语从句状语从句真题剖析：1 Nine is to three _____ three is to one. (2008, 53)A. whenB. thatC. whichD. what2 ______ he wanted to go out with his friends at the weekend, he had to stay behind to finish his assignment. (2008, 55)A. Much thoughB. Much asC. As muchD. Thouth much3 Men differ from animals ____ they can think and speak. (2008, 54)A. for whichB. for thatC. in thatD. in which4 They stood chatting together as easily and naturally as ____. (2008, 60)A. it could beB. could beC. it wasD. was5 The couple had no sooner got to the station ______ the coach left. (2009，60)A. whenB. asC. untilD. than6 ____ the boss says, it is unreasonable to ask me to work overtime without pay. （2010，55）A. WhateverB. WheneverC. WhicheverD. However7 Fool ____ Jerry is, he could not have done such a thing.A. whoB. asC. likeD. that8 He asked me to lend him some money, which I agreed to do, ___ that he paid me back the following week. (2005)A. on occasionB. on purposeC. on conditionD. only if9 Which of the following contains an adverbial clause of cause?A. I got a job as soon as I left university.B. As there was on answer, I wrote again.C. You must do the exercise as I show you.D. Wealthy as he is, Mark is not a happy man.状语从句重点总结：⼏种不常⽤的条件状语从句举例：In the event that she can not arrive on time, we will go first.Suppose it snowed, we would still go.Say what he said were true, what would you do about it?1. ⼏种不常⽤的让步状语从句举例：In spite of the fact that he was deaf and dumb, he had a genius for music.While the grandparents love the children, they are strict with them.Much as she needed the job, she had to refuse.For all that there were a lot of difficulties, he finally entered the final competition and won.Granted you have made much progress, you should not be conceited.2. ⽤了although或though，就⼀定不能再后⾯的从句中同时⽤but，但是though 可以和yet 连⽤。

英语专四语法术语(中英对照)

英语专四语法术语名词：noun个体名词：individual noun集体名词: collective noun 物质名词：material noun 抽象名词: abstract noun 可数名词：countable noun不可数名词：uncountable noun动词：verb动态动词：dynamic verb 静态动词：stative verb 情态动词：modal verb 助动词：auxiliary非谓语动词：non-finite verbs(分词，participle; 不定式, infinitive; 动名词，gerund)数词：numeral代词：pronoun人称代词：personal pronoun物主代词：possessive pronoun反身代词：reflexive pronoun指示代词：demonstrative pronoun 关系代词：relativepronoun不定代词：indefinitepronoun形容词：adjective副词：adverb冠词：article连词：conjunction介词：preposition感叹词：interjection限定词：determiner短语：phrase不定式短语：infinitivephrase动名词短语：gerundialphrase分词短语：participialphrase主语：subject谓语：predicate主谓一致：subject-verbagreement宾语：object补语：complement定语：attribute状语：adverbial同位语：appositive主语从句：subject clause表语从句：predicativeclause宾语从句：object clause定语从句：attributiveclause先行词：antecedent限制性定语从句：restrictive attributiveclause非限制性定语从句：non-restrictiveattributive clause状语从句：adverbialclause陈述句：Declarativesentence疑问句：interrogativesentence祈使句：imperativesentence感叹句：exclamatorysentence时态(各种时态) tense语态：voice主动语态：active voice被动语态：passive voice虚拟语气：subjunctivemood反义疑问句：tag question倒装：inversion部分倒装：partialinversion省略：ellipsis。

专四语法词汇(强化班修改)

sisterzhouj@第一部分语法与词汇一、虚拟语气考点（一）“if”引导从句1、省略if倒装，变化if从句（1）had + 主语 + done 与过去事实相反（2）should + 主语 + do 与将来事实相反（3）were + 主语 + to do 与将来事实相反以上均省略if，将had、should、were提前，句子倒装。

2、含蓄虚拟，用介词短语代替if从句引导的虚拟（1）without = but for 若不是，要不是，如果没有3、错综（混合）虚拟，主从句事态不在一个时间段（93.6.60只考过1次）技巧：对号入座，主套主，从套从如：如果我是你（现在），我早把这书买了（过去）。

我要赶上那趟车（过去），现在就坐这上课了（现在）。

﹡（二）其他形式虚拟（单选、挑错常考到，非常重要）从句后是现在时即与现在相反，是过去时即与过去相反，是将来时即与将来相反。

但would rather + 句子用虚拟，不加句子用v.原形had better （not）do + V. 最好做…4、if only一般省略主句，用法与wish相同5、用表示建议、命令、要求等词引导的虚拟从句中，am、is、are原形即be解题方法：找出标志词；找出动词原形：do（主动）、be done（被动）（1）用表示建议、命令、要求等V.引导的宾从中公式：主语 + 谓语v.（必认词）+ 主语 +（should）+ do/be done必认v. suggest，propose，order，ask，require，request，desire，demand，insist，command，recommend，move，urge，advise（2）用于与建议、命令、要求等V.意义类似的形容词所引导的从句公式：It is + adj. （必认词）+ that + 主语 +（should）+ do/be done必认adj. suggested，proposed，ordered，asked，required，requested，desired（desirable），demanded，commanded，recommended，urgent，advisable，important，vital，essential，necessary （3）与表示建议、命令、要求等v.相类似的n.引导的表语从句和同位语从句表从公式：主语 + 系词 + that + 主语（should） + do/be done同位从公式：n. + that + 主语（should）+ do + do/be done必认n. suggestion，proposal，order，requirement，request，desire，demand，insistence，requirement，request，desire，demand，insistence，commandation，motion，recommendation，advice6、 It's/was/ + time + that + 主语 + did（过去式）早该到…的时间了/high time/about time7、跳层虚拟公式：真实，otherwise / or + 虚拟虚拟，but +真实（一般考过去时）特点：真实——过去时或 must have done，对过去肯定猜测虚拟——would / could + have done（三）情态v. + have done ，表示对过去事情的推测must + have done 肯定，没有musn't（表禁止…）could + have done 本能够，可能做（但未做）couldn't + have done 一定未发生，一定没能may + have done 本可能，或许might+ have done 本可能should = ought to + have done 本应做，而未做（含责备）shouldn't = oughtn't to + have done 本不应做而做了（含责备）未考过的needn't + have done 没有必要做而做了（无责备）need 情态v.“必要” + v.实义v.“需要” + need doing（形式主动，实际被动） = need to be done“需要”need + to do二、非谓语动词（一）不定式：to do / not to do1、形式（时态/语态）， vt.（vi.只有主动）基本形式：注意：不定式的一般式表示动作与主句的动作将要发生或同时发生，而不定式的完成式表示动作要先于主句的动作前发生，不定式的完成式不能作定语。

英语专四语法和词汇

专业四级语法和词汇：Test 1 集体名词作主语主谓一致1)通常作复数的集体名词，如：police, people, cattle, militia, poultry等，通常作复数，用复数动词。

如： Domestic cattle provide us with milk, beef and hides.2)通常作不可数名词的集体名词，如:foliage, machinery, equipment, furniture, merchandise, 通常作不可数名词，随后的动词用单数。

例如：All the machinery in the factory is made in China.3)既可作单数也可作复数的集体名词，如:audience, committee, class, crew, family, public, government等，既可作单数，也可作复数用。

The city council is meeting to set its agenda.4)a committee,etc. of +复数名词如果主语是由“a committee of /a panel of /a board of +复数名词”构成，随后的动词通常用单数。

例如：A committee of five men and three women is to consider the matter.近义词辨析:tired, exhausted, fatigued, weary, worn out这组词均含有“疲惫的”的意思。

tired: 可指因体力或脑力消耗太多而需要休息，还可指因长期做某事而失去兴趣。

Henry was so tired that he went to bed immediately after he got home.亨利很疲惫，一到家就上床睡觉去了。

exhausted: 表达的疲惫程度最强，指因劳累过度而精疲力竭。

专四语法词汇部分考查重点与重点词组归纳

一、语法部分考查重点1、虚拟语气的考点为：would rather＋that从句＋一般过去时；It is vital／ necessary／ important／ urgent／ imperative／ desirable／advisable／ natural／ essential＋that＋〔should〕动词原形；proposal／suggestion＋that＋动词原形；It is time／about time／high time＋that＋一般过去时；lest＋that＋should＋动词原形；if only＋that＋would＋动词原形.2、状语从句的考点为：非if引导的条件状语从句,此类句子多用at times,provided,so long as,in case,once等来替代if；由even if／so,now that,for all等引导的让步状语从句；just／hardly...when引导的时间状语从句；more than,as...as,not so much as,the same as,as much as等引导的比较状语从句.3、独立主格结构多以逻辑主语＋分词的形式出现.4、情态动词多与完成时形式连用.5、定语从句重点考查介词＋关系代词〔which〕和as作为关系代词.二、词汇部分考查重点1、动词、名词与介词的搭配如：popular／patient＋with；yield／solution／adapt／transfer／access＋to；accuse／require＋of；charge＋for；under＋discussion等等.2、习惯用法如：confess to／set about／be used to＋doing；be supposed to／have／make sb．＋do等.3、由同一动词构成的短语如：e,go,set,break等构成的短语.4、单个的动词,抽象名词,形容词和副词多以近义词、同义词的形式出现.5、介词短语在句中作状语如：in terms of；with the exception of；in vain等,另外还应注意rather than,other than,such as,none／nothing＋but等词在考题中的出现.三、专四重要词组1.abide by<=be faithful to ; obey>忠于；遵守.2. be absent from…. 缺席,不在3. absence of mind<=being absent-minded> 心不在焉4. absorb<=take up the attention of>吸引…的注意力<被动语态>be absorbed i n 全神贯注于…近be engrossed in ; be lost in ; be rapt in ;be concentrated on ; be focused on ; be centered on5. <be> abundant in<be rich in; be well supplied with> 富于,富有6. access<to> <不可数名词> 能接近,进入,了解7. by accident<=by chance, accidentally>偶然地,意外. Without accident<=safely> 安全地,8. of one’s own accord<=without being asked; willingly; freely>自愿地 ,主动地9. in accord with 与…一致. out of one’s accord with 同….不一致10. with one accord <=with everybody agreeing>一致地11. in accordance with <=in agreement with> 依照,根据12. on one’s own account 1> 为了某人的缘故, 为了某人自己的利益2> <=at one’s own risk> 自行负责 3> <=by oneself>依靠自己 on account 赊账; on account of 因为; on no account不论什么原因也不;of …account 有…..重要性.13. take…into account<=consider>把...考虑进去14. give sb. an account of 说明, 解释 <理由>15. account for <=give an explanation or reason for> 解释, 说明.16. on account of <=because of> 由于,因为.17. on no account<=in no case, for no reason>绝不要,无论如何不要<放句首时句子要倒装>18. accuse…of…<=charge…with; blame sb. for sth. ; blame sth. on sb. ; plain about> 指控,控告19. be accustomed to <=be in the habit of, be used to>习惯于.20. be acquainted with<=to have knowledge of> 了解; <=to have met socially > 熟悉21. act on 奉行,按照…行动; act as 扮演; act for 代理22. adapt oneself to<=adjust oneself to> 使自己适应于23. adapt…<for> <=make sth. Suitable for a new need> 改编, 改写<以适应新的需要>24. in addition <=besides> 此外, 又, 加之25. in addition to<=as well as, besides, other than>除…外26. adhere to <=abide by, conform to, ply with, cling to, insist on, pe rsist in, observe, opinion, belief > 粘附; 坚持, 遵循27. adjacent<=next to, close to> 毗邻的, 临近的28. adjust..<to> <=change slightly>调节; 适应;29. admit of <=be capable of, leave room for> …的可能,留有…的余地.30. in advance <before in time> 预告, 事先.31. to advantage 有利的,使优点更加突出地.32. have an advantage over 胜过. have the advantage of 由于…处于有利条件 have the advantage of sb.知道某人所不知道的事33. take advantage of <=make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from, harness>利用.34. agree with 赞同<某人意见> agree to 同意35. in agreement <with> 同意, 一致36. ahead of 在…之前, 超过…;……………. ahead of time 提前.37. in the air 1>不肯定, 不具体. 2>在谣传中.38. above all <=especially, most important of all> 尤其是, 最重要的.39. in all <=counting everyone or everything, altogether> 总共, 总计40. after all 毕竟,到底; <not> at all 一点也不; all at once<=suddenly>突然; once and for all 只此一次; above all 最重要的; first of all 首先; all in all 大体上说; be all in 累极了; all but 几乎.41. allow for <=take into consideration, take into account> 考虑到, 估计到 .42. amount to <=to be equal to> 总计, 等于.43. answer for <undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for> 对…负责.44. answer to <=conform to> 适合,符合.45. be anxious about 为…焦急不安; 或anxious for46. apologize to sb. for sth. 为…向…道歉47. appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁. appeal to sb. 对某人有吸引力48. apply to sb. for sth. 为…向…申请 ; apply for申请; apply to 适用.49. apply to 与…有关;适用50. approve of <=consent to, be in favor of, favor, agree to, consider good, right> 赞成, approve vt. 批准51. arise from<=be caused by> 由…引起.52. arrange for sb.sth. to do sth. 安排…做…53. arrive on 到达; arrive at 到达某地<小地方>;得出,作出; arrive in 到达某地<大地方>;54. be ashamed of <=feel shame, guilt or sorrow because of sth. done> 以… 为羞耻55. assure sb. of sth. <=try to cause to believe or trust in sth.> 向…保证, 使…确信.56. attach<to> <=to fix, fasten; join> 缚, 系 ,结57. make an attempt at doing sth. <to do sth.> 试图做…58. attend to <=give one’s attention, care and thought>注意,照顾;attendon<upon><=wait upon, serve, look after> 侍候,照料59. attitude to toward …对…的态度.看法60. attribute…to…<=to believe sth. to be the result of…>把..归因于.., 认为..是..的结果61. on the average <=on average, on an average> 平均62. <be> aware of <=be conscious of , having knowledge or consciousness>意识到,知道.63. at the back of <=behind> 在…后面64. in the back of 在…后部<里面>; on the back of 在…后部<外面>; be on one’s back<=be ill in bed> 卧病不起.65. at one’s back<=supporting or favoring sb.> 支持,维护; have sb. at one ’s back 有…支持, 有…作后台66. turn one’s back on sb. <=turn away from sb. in an impolite way> 不理睬<某人>,背弃,抛弃67. behind one’s back 背着某人<说坏话>68. be based on upon 基于69. on the basis of 根据…, 在…基础上70. beat…at 在…运动项目上打赢71. begin with 以…开始. to begin with <=first of all> 首先, 第一<经常用于开始语>72. on behalf of <=as the representative of> 以…名义73. believe in<=have faith or trust in; consider sth.sb. to be true> 相信,依赖,信仰.74. benefit <from> 受益,得到好处.75. for the benefit of 为了…的利益<好处>76. for the better 好转77. get the better of <=defeat sb.> 打败, 胜过.78. by birth 在出生上,论出身,按血统 at birth 在出生时; give birth to 出生79. blame sb. for sth. 因…责备某人 . blame sth. on sb. 把…推在某人身上80. in blossom开花<指树木> be in blossom开花<强调状态> e into blossom开花<强调动作>81. on board 到船上, 在船上, 上火车或飞机82. boast of <or about> 吹嘘83. out of breath 喘不过气来84. in brief<=in as few words as possible>简言之85. in bulk 成批地,不散装的86. take the floor 起立发言87. on business 出差办事.88. be busy with sth.于某事 . be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事89. last but one 倒数第二.90. but for <=without> 要不是. 表示假设91. buy sth. for…money 用多少钱买92. be capable of 能够, 有能力 be capable of being +过去分词是能够被…的93. in any case<=for love or money, at any rate, at any price, at any cost , whatever happens; anyhow>无论如何94. in case <=for fear that> 万一;95. in case of <=in the event of>如果发生…万一 in the case of 至于…, 就…而言96. in no case在任何情况下都不<放句首倒装句>97. be cautious of 谨防98. center one’s attention on<=focus one’s attention on> 把某人的注意力集中在…上99. be certain of <=be sure of> 有把握, 一定.100. for certain of <=for sure >肯定地,有把握地101. by chance<=accidentally, by accident>偶然102. for a change换换环境<花样等>103. charge sb. with …控告某人犯有…104. in charge of <=responsible for> 负责<某事> in the charge of …由…管105. take charge of <=to be or bee responsible for>负责管理<照顾>106. charge…for 因…索取<费用> , charge sb. with sth. 控告某人犯有…107. round the clock<=all day and all night, usually without stopping> 昼夜不停地108. ment on 评论109. mit oneself to 使自己承担… mit sb. to prison把某人送进监狱; mit one’s idea to writing 把某人的想法写下来; mit a matter to a mittee 把某事交给委员会讨论110. in mon <和…>有共同之处,共用. be mon to sb. 是与某人所共有的111. keep pany with <=be friendly and go out together> 和…要好.112. pare…with … 把…与…比较113. pare…to… 把…比作…114. by parison 比较起来115. in parison with <=in contrast to> 和…比起来116. pensate for <=give sth. to make up for> 补偿, 赔偿,弥补 pensate sb. for sth. 赔偿,弥补117. plain of <or about>抱怨;诉苦;控告;plain about 抱怨某人或事情; plain to sb. about sth. <or sb.> 向某人抱怨…; plain <抱怨>; plement <补充>; pliment <恭维> 118. ply with <=act in accordance with a demand, order, rule etc.> 遵守, 依从119. conceive of <think of, imagine, consider> 想象,设想120. concentrate on <or upon> 集中,专心121. be concerned with <=about> 与…有关122. concern oneself about with 关心123. in conclusion<=as the last thing>最后一点; at the conclusion of 当…结束时; 124. condemn sb. to 判决125. on condition that <=if>以…为条件, 假如. in that = because因为; now that = since既然 for all that = although 尽管126. in out of condition <=thoroughly healthy or fit not fit> 健康状况好不好 . in good <bad> condition处于良好<坏>状态127. confess<to><=admit a fault, crime, or sth. wrong>承认, 供认; confess to a crime 承认罪行.128. confide in <=to talk freely to sb. about one’s secret> 对…讲真心话, 依赖129. in confidence 推心置腹地; with confidence 满怀信心地; have confidence in 对…有信心130. confidence in sb. sth. 对…的信赖131. be confident of 有信心; confidential ##的132. confine…to… 把…限制在某范围内133. confirm sb. in 使某人更坚定<信念等>134. conform to <=be in agreement with, ply with> 符合,遵照,遵守;1>obey 服从; 2> observe; 3>ply with照…办; 4>keep to遵循; 5>abide by服从;6>stick to按..做135. be confronted with<=be brought face to face with> 面对, 面临136. congratulate sb. on 祝贺137. in connection with<=with regard to>关于,138. be conscious of<=be aware of>觉察,知道139. consent to<=give agreement to permission>同意140. in consequence <=as a result> 结果141. in consequence of <=as a consequence of>由于…的结果142. under consideration 在考虑中143. in consideration of <=in return for, on account of, because of >由于144. on no consideration<in no case>无论如何也不145.take…into consideration <=take account of, take…into acc ount>考虑到, 把…考虑进去146. considerate <=thoughtful of the needs> 体贴的, 考虑他人需要的, considerable 相当大的,值得考虑的147. consist of<=be posed of>由…组成的. consist in主要在于. consist with符合,与…一致148. be consistent with<=be in agreement with>与…一致. be consistent in一贯的 , 149. consult sb. on about sth. 向…征求…方面的意见, 就…向…请教150. to one’s heart’s content尽情地,痛痛快快151. be content with<=be satisfied with> 满足于be content to do sth. 愿意做某事152. contrary to <=in opposition to> 与…相反153. on the contrary 相反154. contrast…with 把…与…相对<对照>155. in contrast towith 和…形成对比 by contrast 对比之下156. contribute to 有助于157. under control <被>控制住 out of control无法控制158. at one’s convenience<=where and when it suits one> 在方便的时间或地点 .be convenient to for 对…方便159. convince sb. of <=cause sb. to believe or feel certain; to persuade sb.> 使某人确信,try to persuade sb. to do sth.劝说某人做…160. cope with<=deal with, try to find a solution to>应付, 处理161. in the corner<of>在角落里;on<at> the er of a street在街道拐弯处;round the er 拐过弯; be in a tight corner陷入困境162. correspond <with> < =exchange letters regularly> 通信163. correspond to 相当于 . correspond with 符合,一致164. at all costs不惜任何代价 . at the cost of 以…为代价165. a matter of course 理所当然的事166. as a matter of course 当然地, 自然地167. in <during> the course 在…过程中168. in due course <=without too much delay> 没经过太久, 到一定时候169. on credit赊购; with credit以优异成绩; to one’s credit使某人感到光荣; do sb. credit 使…感到光荣170．be critical of 爱挑毛病的,批评的171. cure sb. of+某种疾病治好某人的疾病172．a danger to对…的危险; be in danger<of>处于…危险中; be out of danger脱离危险173. to date<=so far, until now> 到目前为止174. out of date过时的；up to date新式的,时兴的; date back to可追溯到; date from 从某时期开始<有>175. deal with <=concern> 论与176. be in debt to sb. 欠…的债177. on the decline 在衰退中, 在减少中 in decline 下降; on the increase 在增加178. to one’s delight 令某人感到高兴to one’s regret 遗憾; sorrow悲痛; relief 安心; distress 苦恼; shame羞愧; surprise 惊奇; astonishment 惊奇;179. delight in<=take great pleasure in doing sth.>喜欢, 取乐180. take <a> delight in 喜欢干…, 以…为乐181. demand sth. of sb. 向某人要求<非物质的>东西. demand sth. from sb. 向某人要求<物质的>东西182.in demand有需求;on demand受到要求时183. be dependent on 依靠184. deprive sb. of sth. 剥夺某人某物185. derive…from<=obtain…from>从…取得,由…来的.derive from<=e from>起源于186. despair of <=lose all hope of> 绝望187. in despair 绝望188. despite <=in spite of> 不管, 尽管189. in detail 详细地190. deviate from 偏离, 不按…办191. on a diet 吃某种特殊饮食, 节食192. differ from…in 与…的区别在于…193. in difficulties…有困难,处境困难,194. discharge sb. <from>…for <=dismiss sb. from a job for> 因…解雇, 开除195. fall back <=retreat, turn back> 撤退; in disorder 慌乱地, 狼狈不堪196. on display<=being shown publicly>陈列197. dispose of <=get rid of ,throw away>处理掉198. beyond dispute不容争议的,无可争议199. in dispute 在争议中200. in the distance 在远处. make out 辩认出201. <be> distinct from < = be different from> 与…截然不同202. distinguish between <=make or recognize differences> 辨别203. distinguish…from 把…与…区别开204. do away with<=get rid of; abolish; discard eliminate> 除去,废除,取消; do away with <=kill> 杀掉, 镇压205. have…to do with 与…有关系206. without doubt <=undoubtedly>无可置疑地207. in doubt<=in a condition of uncertainty>对…表示疑惑208. be due to 是由于209. e off duty 下班210. go on duty 上班211. be on duty 值班, 值日, 在上班时212. be in duty bound to <do> <=be required by one’s job or esp. by conscience> 有义务<做>213. be eager for 想得到, 盼望214. by ear <=play music from memory without having seen it printed> 凭记忆,不看乐谱215. have an ear for <=have keen recognition of sounds esp. in music and language>对..有鉴赏力216. a word in one’s ear 私房话, 秘密话217. on earth 究竟, 到底, 全然218. with ease < = easily> 容易, 不费力219. at <one’s> ease < = without worry or nervousness> 自在,不拘束220. put sb. at his her ease <=free sb. from worry or nervousness>使某人感到无拘束221. economize on <=save sth. instead of being wasteful> 节省222. have an effect on 对…有影响223. be in effect <=be in operation> 有效224. go into effect 生效. < 近 e into effect; take effect; be brought into effect> 225. in effect <=in fact, really> 实际上226. give effect to <=carry out> 实行,使…生效227. to no effect 不起作用,没有取得任何效果228. <be> of no effect <=useless> 无效229. to the effect that 大意是…,主要内容是…230. to that effect 是那个意思的…231. emerge from < =appear, bee known > 出现, 暴露<问题. 意见等>232. place<or put, lay> an emphasis on 强调, 把重点放在…上233. encourage sb. in 鼓励; encourage sb. in hisher work 鼓励某人工作; encourage sb. in hisher idleness 怂恿某人游手好闲234. encourage sb. in …with sth. 用…鼓励某人做某事235. on end <=continuously> 连续地236. <be> at an end <=finished> 结束了237. no end of <=very manymuch> 很多,大量238. in the end <=finally, eventually> 最终239. at one’s wit’s end <=not knowing what to do or to say> 无法可想, 智穷计尽240. end up with 以…而结束241. e to and end <=finish> 结束242. end in 以…为结束243. engage in 或 be engaged in 忙于,从事244. enter for <=put the name on a list for> 报名参加245. enter into <=begin> 开始<谈话, 谈判等>246. enter on upon <=begin> 开始 <一个时代. 一种生涯. 一段任期等>247. be entitled to <=be given the right to do sth.>有权…,有资格…248. be equal to 等于249. be feel equal to <=have enough strength, ability etc.> <某人>能胜任,能应付 onequal terms<=on and equal footing>平等地250. be equipped with 装备有,装有251. <be> equivalent to<=equal in value, amount, meaning> 相等于, 相当于252. in essence <=in itsone’s nature> 本质上253. at all events <=in spite of everything, in any case> 不论怎样, 无论如何254. in any event <=whatever happens in the future> 无论如何, 不管<将来>怎么样255. in the event that<=if> 假如, 如果. in the event 结果, 实际情况是<常与but 连用>256. in the event of<=in case of>万一,即使发生..时257. except 除…以外; besides 除…以外还有..258. except <=but> 除了.259. except for <=apart from> 除…以外260. <an> exceptio n to …的例外261. with the exception of <=except, apart from> 除去…., 除…以外262. in excess of <=more than> 超过263. exchange…for 以…交换264. exclusive of <=not taking into account; without> 不包括265. in excuse of 作为…的借口266. exert…on… 对…施加…267. exert oneself to do sth. 努力,使劲268. e into existence <=begin to exist>开始存在; e into use开始使用; e into effect 开始运转; e into fashion开始时新; e into action开始行动; e into power开始执政;e into sight进入视野;e into blossom开花;269. <be> in existence存在 e into existence 出现270. expect…of 在…期望…271. at the expense of在损害…情况下,以…为牺牲272. expose…to…使暴露于…, 使…受<危险,风险>273. be exposed to… 面临…, 受到….274. beyond expression <=in a manner that cannot be expressed> 无法形容, 说不出的275. give expression to 表达, 表现 find expression in 表现276. to …extent 在…程度上277. in the extreme <= extremely> 极其278. look sb. in the eye 正视, 打量<某人>279. close <shut> one’s eyes to不理会,视而不见280. in one’s mind’s eye 在心目中, 在想象中281. in the twinkling of an eye 一眨眼,转眼间282. keep an eye on<=keep a watch on>照看,监视283. in the eyes of in one’s eyes < = in the judgment of > 在某人看来, 在某人眼里284. on the face of it <=judging by what one can see> 表面看来285. in the face of 面对着<困难等情况>286. in one’s face当着某人的面; face to faced面对面; face up to 大胆面向287. fail in <=be unsuccessful in> 失败288. in good faith<=honestly, sincerely> 真诚地289. keep faith with 对…守信用290. lose faith in 对…失去信心291. on faith 毫无怀疑地, 依赖地292. faithful to <=loyal to> 对…忠诚293. fall into the habit <of> 养成…习惯294. fall short of <=fail to reach a desired result, standard, etc.> 没达到, 低于295. familiar with 熟悉,了解296. have a fancy for < =like sth. without the help of reason> <没有道理地>喜欢, 想要297. take a fancy to <=bee fond of> 喜欢298. by far 远, 非常 <与比较级或最高级连用>299. far from 远远不是300. far from 非但不…<而且>301. in fashion<=stylish, most modern>时兴,流行302. after the fashion <of> 依照…303. find fault with<=plain about; criticize>找毛病,对…吹毛求疵304. at fault <=in the wrong, blamable>有错305. in favour of 赞成306. be in favour with 受宠, 受偏爱;out of favour with 失宠, 不受宠307. in one’s favour<=to one’s advantage>对.有利308. <be> favourable to<=advantageous>有利的309. fear for <=be afraid for the safety of sb. or sth.> 为…担心310. for fear of <=in case of; because of anxiety about> 以防, 由于怕311. in fear of <=afraid for the safety of> 担心312. feed <sb.> on sth. 靠吃…, 用…喂养313. be fed up with<=be unhappy, tired about sth. dull> 厌烦, 腻了314. feel like <=have a desire for> 想要315. fill in 填写316. fill out < =fill in >填写317. set the world on fire=set the flames on fire<=do sth. remarkable>有突出成就318. play with fire <=take great risks>干冒险事319. set sth. on fire<=set fire to sth.>使..着火,放火320. at first sight<=when first seen>乍一看,一见321. for the first time 第一次 <作状语>322. in the first place 首先, 第一323. fit into 刚好放入324. fit in with < = suit , fall into agreement> 合适, 相配, 一致325. <be> fit for <=right and suitable for> 适合326. focus on <=concentrate on> 集中在…上 focus sth. on 把…集中在…上327. be fond of 喜欢328. <be> in force 有效 , 实施329. go into force 开始生效330. by force 靠武力, 强行331. force…on 把…强加给…332. in the form of 以…形式333. be fortunate in 幸运,有好运气334. free of charge 免费335. be freed from 免受, 没有…336. in front of 在…前面 in the front of 在…前部337. furnish…with <=supply> 向…提供338. in general <=in most cases, usually>通常339. catch <or get> a glimpse of 瞥见<强调结果> take a glance<or look> at看一眼<强调动作>340. be good for 对…有好处;对…有作用 be good at 擅长于; be good to 对…好341. in good time<=early>早早地<做完.到达等>342. for good <=for ever> 永远地, 长期地343. take…for granted <=assume to be true> 把…认为理所当然的.344. be grateful to sb. for sth 因…感谢某人345. on the ground<s> fo <=because of> 由于…346. fall to the ground <计划.希望等>失败,落空347. on one’s guard<against> 谨防, 警惕 <be> on guard 站岗348. guard against <=defend, keep safe>警惕,防止guard…against 警卫…防止349. guess at 猜, 估计350. by guess 靠猜351. be guilty of 犯有…罪或过失352. be in the habit of 习惯于353. break off <a habit> 改掉<某种习惯>354. break sb. of <a habit>使某人改掉<某习惯>355. get <fall> into the habit of养成了…的习惯356. e to a halt <=stop> 停止; 停住357. at hand 在手边, 眼前<附近>358. by hand 用手工<做>359. hand in glove<with> 狼狈为奸, 密切合作360. in hand 1>在手边 2><=under control>控制住361. in the hands of 由…掌握, 控制, 负责362. live from hand to mouth勉强度日,现挣现吃363. at the head of 在…的前头364. head for <=move towards> 向…方向前进365. hear of <=know about> 听人说起, 听说过366. at heart <=in reality> 内心里, 实际上367. in one’s heart <of hearts>内心深处,事实上368. by heart <=by memory> 熟记, 背<诵>369. to one’s heart’s content 尽情地370. with all one’s heart全心全意地,真心实意371. hinder…form<=stop…from>阻碍,使..不能做372. be <go> on holiday 在<去>度假 go on holiday = go for a holiday373. be <feel> at home <=to be fortable; not feel worried> 感觉合适,无拘束 ,熟悉374. be honest in诚实375. in one’s honour <or in honour of>祝贺,纪念376. on one’s honour 以某人的名誉担保377. hope for 希望<某事发生>,希望有378. to one’s horror 令某人感到恐惧的是379. in a hurry <=hastily> 匆忙地380. be identical with<=exactly alike>和完全相同381. be identified with 被视为与…等同382. in ignorance of 不知道…383. be ignorant of < = lacking knowledge> 对…不了解,不知道384. <an> impact <on> 对…的强烈影响385. impo se…on 把…强加给386. impress…on 给…留下印象387. make <leave> an impression on sb. =give sb. an impression 给…留下印象388.under the impression that有..的印象,认为389. improve sth.<make sth. better>把原物改进 improve on<=produce or be sth. better than…> 另做一物比原物更好390. improve in <=get better> 有改进, 好些391. improvement in 表示原物有改进,好转392. include…in 把…列在…里面393. inclusive of 把…包括在内394. independent of 独立的,不受约束的395. indicative of 表明, 说明396. be indifferent to <=not interested in>对…漠不关心, 冷淡, 不在乎397. <be> inferior to<=less good in quality or value> 比…差; superior to比… 好398. inform sb. of sth. 通知, 告诉399. be innocent of 无罪的,无辜的400. insist on <=order sth. to happen> 坚持要2楼曹红林 2008-03-19 08:32 回复发站内信401. instead of <=in place of> 代替,而不是…402. instruct…in <=teach> 教.指导.训练某人…403. insure…for 把…保险<多少钱>; ensure 使安全; assure…<of> 使…确信,保证404. insure…against 保险…以防405. intend…for 打算把…给406. <be> intent on 专心致志, 坚决407. in the interests of 符合…的利益 be interested in 对…感兴趣408. interfere in干涉, interfere with打搅,干扰409. at intervals 每隔一会儿, 每隔一段距离410. intervene in 干预411. invest in 投资412. be involved in <=bee connected or concerned> 卷入, 参加413. by itself <=alone, without help>单独地,靠自己414. in itself 本身; of itself 自发,自然415. be jealous of 妒忌416. jump at <=to be eager to accept>抢着接受,417. jump on <=scold, tell of> 叱责418. junior to sb. 年纪较…轻, 职位较…低.419. <be> keen on 喜爱, 渴望420. keep a close watch on < =keep a sharp lookout for> 密切注视421. keep…to oneself<=keep secret>不告诉别人422. to<the best of> one’s knowledge 据…所知423. at large<=at liberty, free> 在逃, 逍遥法外 at large<=in general> 一般来说, 大体上 at large<=at full length; with details>详细地424. lean against <背>靠着…425. at least 至少; at most 至多426. <not> in the least 一点<也不>, 丝毫<也不>427. at one’s leisure 在…有空的时候428. lend itselfthemselves to适合于<某用途>429. at length <=after a long time, at last>终于 at length <=in detail, thoroughly>详细地430. go to any length想一切办法, 尽一切力量431. be liable to <=be subject to>易于..的,应受<罚>432. be liable for 对…应负责任的433. lie in 在于434. in life 一生中435. for life 终身436. in the light of <=considering; taking into account> 考虑到, 根据437. throw light on < = make clear, explain> 使…更为清楚, 提供线索, 阐明438. in line with<=in agreement with>符合,一致439. long for<=want very much>渴望,希望得到440. for long 很久,很长时间<否定句.疑问句中>441. before long <=soon>不久, 过了不久以后.442. in the long run <=in the end>从长远来说,最后; in the short term <从短期来说> 443. <be> at a loss 不知所措444．major in 主修〔某课程〕445. as a matter of fact 实际上, 事实是446. by all means <=at all costs>不惜一切. <=certainly> 当然行;by means of用…; by no means 完全不, 决不447. on memory of 为纪念…448. on the mend <=in the process of recovering> 好转, 在康复中449. mention sth. to sb. 向某人提起某事450. at the mercy of <=in the power of> 任…摆布, 在…支配下451. be in a mess 乱七八糟, 处境困难 make a mess of 弄乱, 打乱452. bear<or keep>…in mind<=remember>牢记453. bring<or call>to mind<=remember>使回想起454. by mistake<由于粗心,健忘原因而>错误地455. at the moment <=now> 此刻,现在 for the moment <=for the time being>暂时 just a moment 稍等片刻 at the last moment 在最后一刻456. in the mood for 有情绪去做..,有心境做.457. no more…than 和…一样都不…458. for the most part 多半,大多数,一般来说459. at <the> most 最多, 至多460. make the most of 充分利用461. be not much of<=not a good>不是很好的… be something of 有点…,像…462. name after 用…的名字命名463. native to 所产的464. by nature 天生的, 生来465. in mature 本质上466. <be> in the nature of 属…性质467. none other that 不是别人,正是…468. above normal 高于正常<温度>469. for nothing <=free, without payment>免费470. nothing but 只有, 不过…而已471. to say nothing of<=not to mention>更不用说…472. do sth. at short notice 只给很少时间准备473. until further notice 在另行通知前474. take notice of <=pay attention> 注意475. object to <=be opposed to> 反对476. objection to <接动名词> 反对477. on occasion<=now and then>不时地,必要时478. by occasion of <=because of> 由于479. occupy oneself with <in> 忙于<某事>480. it occurs to sb. that… 某人想到…481. once and for all =once and forever永远地 all at once <=suddenly, now> 立即,马上 once in a while <=occasionally> 偶尔 <just> for once 就这一次482. <all> by oneself 独自<没有别人帮助>483. operate on sb. 给某人做手术 operation n. e go into operation开始运转 putbring sth. into operation 使…投产,运转484. be of the opinion 持有…的看法485. in one’s opinion 按某人的看法486. be opposed to… 反对…487. be opposite to 与…相反的488. <be> in order<=acceptable>合适的,恰当的 in order 井井有条,处于良好状态; out of order<=in bad condition>出毛病,发生故障489. made to order 定做的<衣服>490. originate infrom<=begin>起源于,由..引起491. on the outskirts <of> 在城郊492. owe…to 把…归于…。

专四词汇与语法汇总

专四词汇与语法汇总bear，endure，stand，tolerate都含有一定的"忍耐、忍受"之意在表示忍受pain，suffering，hardship等时，在许多情况下这四个词可以互换使用；通常与can或cannot连用bear 强调忍受者对痛苦、忧虑、烦恼以及责任的承受力（常用于否定句中）endure (=bear bravely)指经受长期的艰难、困苦或折磨而不屈服，强调持久力和意志坚强（常用于否定句中）stand 强调不屈不挠或经受得起（常用于否定句中）tolerate指忍受某人或某种行为而不反抗，语气最弱（即可用于肯定句也可用于否定句）He quietly endures the pain of a loveless marriage.他默默地忍受着没有爱情的婚姻的煎熬。

The sorrow was almost more than she could bear.她几乎忍受不了那种悲伤。

I can’t stand ho t weather.我受不了热天。

A government that refuses to tolerate opposition cannot last long.一个不听取反对意见的政府是不会长久的。

It’s hard for people to put up with that kind of treatment.人们很难忍受那种待遇。

assure，ensure，insure与reassure 区别assure，ensure，insure与reassure这四个单词可谓是形近意似，但用法却不无区别。

㈠assure▲assure用来表示向某人保证某事将要发生，既可以用来确证某事，也可以表示使某人确信（If you ASSURE a person of something，you promise them or tell them that）。

专四语法词汇

Were型虚拟（时态倒
退一步）
Be型虚拟
（should加动词原形）
If条件句及主句虚拟
虚拟语气
一、Be型虚拟（should加动词原形）
某些从句中谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可省略。 1、在demand, insist, move, order, command, prefer, propose, recommend, ask, request, suggest, vote等之后的相关从句里（包括这些词的表语从句、同位语从句等） we demanded that the meeting (should) be postponed.
fit for 适于 foreign to 非……所原有;陌生的 fond of 喜欢 free of /from 未受……;免费 free with 康慨,大方 guilty of 有……罪的 hungry for 渴望 ignorant of 不知道 impatient at sth 不耐烦 impatient of 无法容忍 liable for 对……有责任 liable to 易于 loyal to 忠于 mad at/with sb. 生气,愤怒 mad with 因……发狂 representative of 代表……的 relative to 与……有关 necessary to /for 必要的 opposite to 在对面 open to 不限制,开放的 particular about 挑剔,讲究
altitude
attitude 态度，看法 accident 事故；意外，偶然之事 incident 发生的事；事变，事件
conscience 良知内科医生 consciousness 意识；知觉学家 custom 习惯，习俗校长 customs 海关原则 costume 服装；戏服

专四知识点整理

专四知识点整理
以下是一些专四考试中可能涉及到的知识点：
1. 语法：包括动词时态、语态、语气、虚拟语气、主谓一致、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级、冠词、介词、连词等。

2. 词汇：包括词汇的拼写、词义、词性、搭配、同义词和反义词等。

3. 阅读理解：包括阅读技巧、理解文章主旨、细节理解、推理判断、猜测词义等。

4. 写作：包括写作技巧、文章结构、段落组织、语法和拼写错误等。

5. 听力：包括听力技巧、听力材料的理解、听力填空、听力选择等。

6. 翻译：包括中英互译、翻译技巧、翻译准确性等。

完整word版,英语专业四级语法汇总,推荐文档

专四语法考点串讲语法回顾篇：专四语法考点虚拟语气、情态动词、非谓语动词、复合句、倒装、小语法（省略，时态，反义疑问句，代词，强调句，主谓一致，冠词，形容词及副词）、as 的特殊用法。

专四英语语法考点串讲之一虚拟语气一般说来，有下列几种考点需要考生注意(十考点及两备考点）考点1. 与现在事实相反从句谓语动词用did(be用were)，主句谓语动词would(should,could,might)+do；考点2. 与过去事实相反从句谓语动词用had done，主句谓语动词用would(should,could,might)+ have done；例如：43.I _________the party much more if there hadn’t been quite such a crowd of people there.A. would enjoyB. will have enjoyedC. would have enjoyedD. will be enjoying49.All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there _________ quite such a crowd of people there.A. weren’tB. hasn’t beenC. hadn’t beenD. wouldn’t考点3.与将来事实相反，从句谓语动词用：did(should+do或were + to do)，主句谓语动词用：would(should,could,might)+do。

例如：43. If your car ___ any attention during the first 12 months, take it to an authorized dealer.(08年）• A. shall need C. would need• B. should need D. will need考点4. 时态的交叉现象，也就是主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间段例如：If you had gone to see the doctor，you would be all right now.你要是早去看病,你现在就没事了。

英语专业四级词汇语法辅导时态代词情态动词形容词副词句子成分

• A．will come B．was coming C．had been coming D．came．
• 2．Mr. Wells, together with all the members of his family, ____ for Europe this afternoon．(2004—51)
一般现在时
• 考点三：在make sure (certain), see to it, mind, care, matter ＋宾语从句，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
For example: • So long as he works hard, I don’t mind when he
finishes the experiment. • 只要他努力工作，我不介意他什么时候做完试验
一般现在时
• 考点一：表示永恒的真理，即使出现在过去的语境中，
仍用一般现在时。
• I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school.
•
考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时；
常用的引导词有：
•
•
I have learned English for ten years.
现在完成时
• 考点二：常见的不确定的时间状语： lately; recently, just, already, yet, up to now; till now; so far, these days, for
英语专业四级词汇语法辅导时态代词情态动词形容词副词句子成分
1、一般现在时
主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作，句子中常有 often, always, from time to time 等时间状语；表示客观规律和永恒真理等。 • He usually goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning. • She has a brother who lives in New York. • The earth goes around the sun. • Guangzhou is situated in the south of China.

专四高频语法术语

名词 noun
介词 preposition 连词 conjunction
可数名词 countable noun 不可数名词 uncountable noun 主动词 main verb 及物动词 transitive verb 不及物动词 intransitive verb 系动词 link verb 助动词 auxiliary verb 情态动词 modal verb 动态动词 dynamic verb 人称代词 personal pronoun 物主代词 possesive pronoun 反身代词 reflexive pronoun 定冠词 definite article 不定冠词 indefinite article
• 52. Which of the following determiners(限定词) can be placed before both singular count nouns and D count nouns? plural ( ) （ TEM-4, 2012） A. many a B. few C. such D. the next • 65. The following are all dynamic verbs(动态动词) A EXCEPT ( ) （ TEM-4, 2013） A. remain. B. turn. C. wrive sentence
• 否定句 negative sentence • 祈使句 imperative sentence • 省略句 elliptical sentence • 感叹句 exclamatory sentence
A. Let me drive you home, shall I? B. You will mind your ownbusiness! C. Come and have dinner with us. D. I wish you could stay behind.

英语专四考试语法与词汇分别考什么_1

英语专四考试语法与词汇分别考什么很多考生盲目地复习，大量地做题，却不知道这一项考试到底是考什么内容。

那么现在我们大家就一起来明确一下，专业四级考试要求我们掌握的语法内容，具体如下：1. 名词：可数及不可数名词；抽象、专有、物质名词的数；'s 属格的各种意义；某些以-s 结尾的名词的数；集体名词的数。

2. 限定词：限定词与三类名词的搭配关系；限定词与限定词的搭配关系；冠词的类指、特指和独指；冠词的习惯用法； some, any 和 no 的用法。

3. 代词：不定代词 one, some, anyone 及不定代词 one, they, we, you, he 的用法；物主代词，非人称代词的用法；反身代词及其他动词宾语的用法。

4. 动词的时和体：一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成体；一般过去时，过去进行时，过去完成体；将来时，过去将来时等的各种表达法和用法；情态动词的各种用法；虚拟式，被动态的用法；不定式和不定式分句，-ing 分词和– ing 分句、–ed 分词和–ed 分句的用法。

5. 定语从句，名词性从句 (包括宾语、主语、表语、同位语从句等) ；状语从句 (包括时间、原因、目的、结果、方式、条件、让步等状语从句) 。

6. 直接引语，间接引语，并列结构，从属结构 (包括独立结构，无动词分句，非限定分句和限定分句的转换) ；形容词和副词的比较级、级；介词与介词词组；附加疑问句；存在句；主谓一致；后置、前置与倒装；省略。

从 2005 年开始，语法与词汇部分恢复为 30 道试题，题目中约 50%为词汇、词组和短语用法题，其余为语法结构题。

从近 13 年的真题来看，我们不难发现英语专业四级的语法与词汇考题主要是围绕 11 项语法要点：从属分句、非限定动词、虚拟语气、情态动词、限定词、句子成分、倒装、动词时态、附加成分和强调句型。

而考试的重点和难点则集中在考核考生对从属分句、非限定性动词、虚拟语气、情态动词和动词时态等语法的应用上。

(完整word版)英语专业四级考试语法汇总(word文档良心出品)

独立主格结构独立主格结构（Independent Genitive）有两部分组成，前一部份是名词或者代词，后一部分是非谓语动词(不定式、动名词和分词)或形容词、副词、或介词短语。

前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。

独立主格结构在句中做状语，多用于书面语。

独立主格结构本身不是句子，在句子中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的等。

非谓语动词作状语，其逻辑主语须与主句主语保持一致。

若不一致，非谓语动词形式须另带主语，从而构成复合结构的形式作状语。

这种结构称为“独立结构”。

其中，非谓语动词主动用现在分词，被动用过去分词。

非谓语动词及其短语前面带有逻辑主语，逻辑主语的代词又是主格，故常称为“独立主格”。

“独立结构”在句中起状语作用，相当于状语从句，表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随等情况。

功能独立主格结构主要用于描绘性文字中，其作用相当于一个状语从句，常用来表示时间、原因、条件、行为方式或伴随情况等。

例如：表示时间The meeting being over, all of us went home. 开完会后我们都回家了。

Her work being done, she sat down for a cup of tea. 她干完了活，坐下来喝茶。

表示条件The condition being favorable, he may succeed. 若条件有利，他或许能成功。

表示原因There being no taxis, we had to walk. 没有出租车，我们只好步行。

He wrapped her up with great care, the night being dark and frosty. 夜又黑又冷，所以他把她裹得严严实实的。

表示伴随情况Almost all metals are good conductors, silver being the best of all. 几乎所有的金属都是良导体，而银则是最好的导体。

英语专四常见词汇语法汇总

专四常见名词和介词搭配短语第1组第1组1.absence from 缺席,不在如：His long absence from work delayed his promotion.他长期不上班，把他的提升给耽误了。

2. absence of 缺乏如：In the absence of my commanding officer, I acted on my own initiative. 指挥官不在场, 我主动见机行事。

In the absence of their teacher the class was in a state of anarchy.教师不在, 班上一片混乱.3. access to ……的入口,通路如：The only access to the farmhouse is across the fields.要到那农舍去唯有穿过田地。

She was forbidden access to the club.人家不允许她到那个俱乐部去。

4. acquaintance with 相识,了解如：I have only a nodding acquaintance with Japanese.我对日语仅略知一二。

The guide has some acquaintance with Italian.导游懂得一点意大利语。

5. action on sth 对……的作用如：Evidences of glacial action on the rocks岩石上的冰河留下的痕迹6. addition to sth 增加如：She is a beautiful addition to the family.她是我们家漂亮的新成员。

Can we finance the addition to our home?我们可以为你提供经费。

7. admission to /into 进入,入(场,学,会)如：How does one gain admission to the Buckingham Palace?怎样才能获准进入白金汉宫？Admission to British universities depends on examination results.英国大学入学以考试成绩为凭。