同位语从句及同位语
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他拿起了手提箱，给人的印象是他要登上飞往东京的飞机了。
2.连词whether引导同位语从句
The question whetherweshouldcallin a specialist wasansweredbythefamilydoctor.我们是否请专家由家庭医生来定。
We are not investigating the question whether he is trustworthy.我们不是在调查他是否可以信任的问题。
他健康状况不佳的消息使我们很难过。I have no idea where they are spending their holidays.
我不知道他们在哪里度假。
The question who should do the work reqຫໍສະໝຸດ Baiduires consideration.
谁该干这项工作的问题需要考虑
3.从句作用的不同。定语从句具有形容词或副词的特点，对先行词起修饰、限定作用，描述先行词的性质或特征，与先行词之间是所属关系。同位语从句具有名词的特点，对中心词作进一步补充解释，是中心词的具体内容。
注：
同位语从句是对名词加以说明，而定语从句是对名词加以限定修饰。
区分同位语从句和定语从句有一种简便方法，就是将“名词+that”结构取出，能在名词和that之间加上be动词构成一个表语从句的，则是同位语从句，否则是定语从句。
五．同位语从句和定语从句的区别
1.从句所修饰词的不同。同位语从句所修饰词通常是少数一些表示抽象意义的名词，如
belief,doubt,fact,hope,idea,news,possibility,thought,order,suggestion,wish,answer,information,conclusion,decision,discovery,knowledge,law,opinion , problem , promise ,proof , question , report , truth , risk等。定语从句的先行词可以指人、物等
2).I have no idea which wine is best—it’s a matter of personal taste.我不知道哪种酒最好，这是个人口味的问题。（which作定语）
3).The question who will take his place is still not clear.（who作主语）
He was tortured by the doubt whether he would accept their presents.他被是否接受他们的礼物这个疑虑所折磨着。
三．同位语从句的引导词
1.连词that引导同位语从句
The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong.你认为不动脑筋就能做好这件工作的想法是完全错误的。（作idea的同位语）Hegabbed his suitcase and gave the impression he was boarding the Tokyo plane.他拿起了手提箱，给人的印象是他要登上飞往东京的飞机了。
以下名词常用于以上句型：
advice, announcement, argument, belief, claim, conclusion, decision,evidence,explanation, fact, feeling, hope, idea, impression, information,knowledge, message,news, opinion, order, probability, promise, proposal,remark, reply, report, saying,statement, suggestion, thought, treat,warning, wish, word
4.连接副词引导同位语从句
连接副词when, where, how, why
We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend oursummervacation.到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。
四．同位语从句的用法
I can understand their eagerness that you should be the main speaker.我理解他们希望你作主要发言人的殷切心情。
【注意2】引导同位语从句的连词that通常不省略，在非正式语体中that可以省略。
He gabbed his suitcase and gave the impression he was boarding the Tokyoplane.
【注意】whether可引导同位语从句，但if不能引导同位语从句。
whether“是否”可以引导：
主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句。
if“是否”，只能引导宾语从句和表语从句，不能引导主语从句。
3．其它引导词引导的同位语从句
连接代词what, who, whom, whose, which引导同位语从句
1).I have no idea what size shoes she wears.我不知道她穿几号的鞋。（what作定语）
例句：
How did the cheats explain the fact that the Emperor didn't feel the newclothesin him?
皇帝觉得身上并没有穿上新衣，对这个问题骗子是怎样解释的?The news that his heath is failing made us sad.
(引导词that就是that引导的从句中have的宾语，the problem的具体内容也没有得到说明，故本句中that引导的从句是修饰problem的定语从句)(2)第二组例句：
① I won’t believe the fact that helied to his mother.我不愿相信他对母亲撒谎的事实。
(that引导同位语从句对fact的具体内容进行说明，that在其中不充当具体的句子成分)
② I won’t believe the fact (that) he told me.我不愿相信他告诉我的事实。
(that引导定语从句对fact进行限定，that在该从句中充当宾语)(3)第三组例句：
① The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的。
I have got some newsthatyou may not have heard.（定语从句）The newsthatRussia had solved the hostage cris spread all over the world.(同位语从句)
2.连接词的作用不同。连接同位语从句的that只起连接作用，不在从句中担任任何句子成分。whether和how可以引导同位语从句，但不能引导定语从句。关系代词和关系副词除了连接从句的作用外，还在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分，如主语、宾语、定语、表语等。引导定语从句的连接词是关系词，常见的关系代词和关系副词有that,which,who,whose , whom , when , where ,why , as，than, but等。
【注意1】在某些名词(如demand, wish, suggestion, resolution等)后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气。如：
There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team.有一项建议是xx应该离队。
The suggestion that the new rule be adopted came from the chairman.采纳新规则的建议是主席提出的。The resolution that women be allowed to join the society was carried.允许妇女参加这个协会的决议通过了。
(4)第四组例句：
① We have no idea at all where he has gone.我们根本不知道他去哪里了。(where引导同位语从句说明idea的具体内容)
② That’s the place where he was born.那是他出生的地方。
(where引导定语从句限定先行词place)
10级Axx第六组作业
同位语从句
一.同位语从句的概念
在复合句中用作名词的从句叫同位语从句，其主要用途是对前面的名词做进一步解释，说明该名词的具体内容。
可以跟同位语从句的名词通常是：
news,fact,promise,question,doubt,thought,hope,message ,suggestion,word,possibility,order,fear,proof,belief,advise,demand,problem,request,truth,wish等例句:Wehaven’tyetsettledthequestionwherewearegoingtospendoursummervacation.TheMona Lisa is widely seen as proofthatgood looks can last for ever.There is nodoubtthathe is guilty.
(that引导同位语从句对news的具体内容进行说明，that在其中不充当具体的句子成分)
② The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.他告诉我的消息是汤姆来年将出国。
(句中的第一个that引导定语从句限定先行词news，第二个that引导表语从句)
There is great doubtwhetherhe did so or not.
二．同位语从句的先行词
同位语从句的先行词通常是抽象名词，常见的有：
idea, situation thought, fact,evidence, belief, doubt, fear, hope, question,theory, news, order, ability等等。
掌握同位语从句的用法要注意以下两个问题：
1.同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开，以使得整个句子的结构显得平衡，即为分离同位语从句。例如：
He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.他从玛丽那里获知了运动会被推迟的消息。// Word came that Hussein had been captured.侯赛因已被捕的消息传来。
(1)第一组例句：
① We can’t solve the problem how we can travel faster than light.我们解决不了如何才能超过光的速度这个问题。
(how引导的从句表示其前面的名词the problem的具体内容，属于同位语从句)② I can’t rember the problem that they have.我记不得他们的问题了。
2."同位语从句和定语从句结构相似，通常位于某一名词或代词后面，但两者存在明显区别：
同位语从句对名词性成分加以补充说明，是该名词性成分具体内容的体现(相当于名词的作用)。that引导的同位语从句中引导词that不在该同位语从句中充当句子成分，但不能被省略，同位语从句还可以用whether、how等连词引导(定语从句则不能)。定语从句对先行词加以限制或修饰、说明先行词的性质或特征(相当于形容词的作用)，定语从句的引导词均在该定语从句中充当特定的句子成分(that在其引导的限定性定语从句中充当主语、宾语或者表语，充当定语从句中宾语的that经常可被省略)。注意体会以下四组例句：
2.连词whether引导同位语从句
The question whetherweshouldcallin a specialist wasansweredbythefamilydoctor.我们是否请专家由家庭医生来定。
We are not investigating the question whether he is trustworthy.我们不是在调查他是否可以信任的问题。
他健康状况不佳的消息使我们很难过。I have no idea where they are spending their holidays.
我不知道他们在哪里度假。
The question who should do the work reqຫໍສະໝຸດ Baiduires consideration.
谁该干这项工作的问题需要考虑
3.从句作用的不同。定语从句具有形容词或副词的特点，对先行词起修饰、限定作用，描述先行词的性质或特征，与先行词之间是所属关系。同位语从句具有名词的特点，对中心词作进一步补充解释，是中心词的具体内容。
注：
同位语从句是对名词加以说明，而定语从句是对名词加以限定修饰。
区分同位语从句和定语从句有一种简便方法，就是将“名词+that”结构取出，能在名词和that之间加上be动词构成一个表语从句的，则是同位语从句，否则是定语从句。
五．同位语从句和定语从句的区别
1.从句所修饰词的不同。同位语从句所修饰词通常是少数一些表示抽象意义的名词，如
belief,doubt,fact,hope,idea,news,possibility,thought,order,suggestion,wish,answer,information,conclusion,decision,discovery,knowledge,law,opinion , problem , promise ,proof , question , report , truth , risk等。定语从句的先行词可以指人、物等
2).I have no idea which wine is best—it’s a matter of personal taste.我不知道哪种酒最好，这是个人口味的问题。（which作定语）
3).The question who will take his place is still not clear.（who作主语）
He was tortured by the doubt whether he would accept their presents.他被是否接受他们的礼物这个疑虑所折磨着。
三．同位语从句的引导词
1.连词that引导同位语从句
The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong.你认为不动脑筋就能做好这件工作的想法是完全错误的。（作idea的同位语）Hegabbed his suitcase and gave the impression he was boarding the Tokyo plane.他拿起了手提箱，给人的印象是他要登上飞往东京的飞机了。
以下名词常用于以上句型：
advice, announcement, argument, belief, claim, conclusion, decision,evidence,explanation, fact, feeling, hope, idea, impression, information,knowledge, message,news, opinion, order, probability, promise, proposal,remark, reply, report, saying,statement, suggestion, thought, treat,warning, wish, word
4.连接副词引导同位语从句
连接副词when, where, how, why
We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend oursummervacation.到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。
四．同位语从句的用法
I can understand their eagerness that you should be the main speaker.我理解他们希望你作主要发言人的殷切心情。
【注意2】引导同位语从句的连词that通常不省略，在非正式语体中that可以省略。
He gabbed his suitcase and gave the impression he was boarding the Tokyoplane.
【注意】whether可引导同位语从句，但if不能引导同位语从句。
whether“是否”可以引导：
主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句。
if“是否”，只能引导宾语从句和表语从句，不能引导主语从句。
3．其它引导词引导的同位语从句
连接代词what, who, whom, whose, which引导同位语从句
1).I have no idea what size shoes she wears.我不知道她穿几号的鞋。（what作定语）
例句：
How did the cheats explain the fact that the Emperor didn't feel the newclothesin him?
皇帝觉得身上并没有穿上新衣，对这个问题骗子是怎样解释的?The news that his heath is failing made us sad.
(引导词that就是that引导的从句中have的宾语，the problem的具体内容也没有得到说明，故本句中that引导的从句是修饰problem的定语从句)(2)第二组例句：
① I won’t believe the fact that helied to his mother.我不愿相信他对母亲撒谎的事实。
(that引导同位语从句对fact的具体内容进行说明，that在其中不充当具体的句子成分)
② I won’t believe the fact (that) he told me.我不愿相信他告诉我的事实。
(that引导定语从句对fact进行限定，that在该从句中充当宾语)(3)第三组例句：
① The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的。
I have got some newsthatyou may not have heard.（定语从句）The newsthatRussia had solved the hostage cris spread all over the world.(同位语从句)
2.连接词的作用不同。连接同位语从句的that只起连接作用，不在从句中担任任何句子成分。whether和how可以引导同位语从句，但不能引导定语从句。关系代词和关系副词除了连接从句的作用外，还在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分，如主语、宾语、定语、表语等。引导定语从句的连接词是关系词，常见的关系代词和关系副词有that,which,who,whose , whom , when , where ,why , as，than, but等。
【注意1】在某些名词(如demand, wish, suggestion, resolution等)后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气。如：
There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team.有一项建议是xx应该离队。
The suggestion that the new rule be adopted came from the chairman.采纳新规则的建议是主席提出的。The resolution that women be allowed to join the society was carried.允许妇女参加这个协会的决议通过了。
(4)第四组例句：
① We have no idea at all where he has gone.我们根本不知道他去哪里了。(where引导同位语从句说明idea的具体内容)
② That’s the place where he was born.那是他出生的地方。
(where引导定语从句限定先行词place)
10级Axx第六组作业
同位语从句
一.同位语从句的概念
在复合句中用作名词的从句叫同位语从句，其主要用途是对前面的名词做进一步解释，说明该名词的具体内容。
可以跟同位语从句的名词通常是：
news,fact,promise,question,doubt,thought,hope,message ,suggestion,word,possibility,order,fear,proof,belief,advise,demand,problem,request,truth,wish等例句:Wehaven’tyetsettledthequestionwherewearegoingtospendoursummervacation.TheMona Lisa is widely seen as proofthatgood looks can last for ever.There is nodoubtthathe is guilty.
(that引导同位语从句对news的具体内容进行说明，that在其中不充当具体的句子成分)
② The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.他告诉我的消息是汤姆来年将出国。
(句中的第一个that引导定语从句限定先行词news，第二个that引导表语从句)
There is great doubtwhetherhe did so or not.
二．同位语从句的先行词
同位语从句的先行词通常是抽象名词，常见的有：
idea, situation thought, fact,evidence, belief, doubt, fear, hope, question,theory, news, order, ability等等。
掌握同位语从句的用法要注意以下两个问题：
1.同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开，以使得整个句子的结构显得平衡，即为分离同位语从句。例如：
He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.他从玛丽那里获知了运动会被推迟的消息。// Word came that Hussein had been captured.侯赛因已被捕的消息传来。
(1)第一组例句：
① We can’t solve the problem how we can travel faster than light.我们解决不了如何才能超过光的速度这个问题。
(how引导的从句表示其前面的名词the problem的具体内容，属于同位语从句)② I can’t rember the problem that they have.我记不得他们的问题了。
2."同位语从句和定语从句结构相似，通常位于某一名词或代词后面，但两者存在明显区别：
同位语从句对名词性成分加以补充说明，是该名词性成分具体内容的体现(相当于名词的作用)。that引导的同位语从句中引导词that不在该同位语从句中充当句子成分，但不能被省略，同位语从句还可以用whether、how等连词引导(定语从句则不能)。定语从句对先行词加以限制或修饰、说明先行词的性质或特征(相当于形容词的作用)，定语从句的引导词均在该定语从句中充当特定的句子成分(that在其引导的限定性定语从句中充当主语、宾语或者表语，充当定语从句中宾语的that经常可被省略)。注意体会以下四组例句：