动词分类

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用作实义动词的be, do 和have： be 系动词，用作谓语 I am a student. have 实义动词，用作谓语 I have two brothers.
do实义动词，用作谓语
I often do my homework at home.
三、情态助动词（modal verb） 1. 从词义来来看，有别于助动词。它有其自身的词汇意义，如用 来表示可能、建议、愿望、必要、允许、能力、怀疑等等，以表 示说话者对某种行为或状态的看法或态度。 2. 从在谓语中的作用来看，与助动词一样，不能单独充当句子成 分，必须和实义动词一起构成复合谓语。
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Exercise 6.2
句型一：主语 + 系动词 + 表语
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系动词：联系动词（linking verb），并不表示具体的动 作，而只是起连接主语和后面成分的作用。 后面接的成分用来说明主语的特点，表明主语的性质特 征的，我们称之为主语补足语，或表语（能表示主语特 征的成分）。 He looks happy. / I am a Webaholic. Chatting on the internet is interesting. Learning English is important. The music sounds nice. He became a teacher. The leaf will turn yellow in autumn.
Exercise 5.4.-5.6
Chapter 6 第六章
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英语的五种基本句型
五种基本句型概述
一、主语 + 系动词 + 表语
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二、主语 + 谓语
三、主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 四、主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语
五、主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语
“人咬狗”是条新闻
interesting. （表语）
2. 主语+谓语 chatting online.（宾语） me（间接宾 语） 3.主语+谓语+ 宾语 a lot of fun. 4.主语+谓语+ （直接宾语） 间宾+直宾
We
can call
Internet a Webaholic. 5.主语+谓语+ addicts（宾语）（宾语补足语）宾语+宾语补 足语
He liked English.—
特殊疑问句
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不与名词连用的疑问词：
一、对人提问—who 1) He can sing in English. --Who can sing in English? 2) I saw him at the party last night. --Who did you see at the party last night? 二、对事物或所做的事情提问—what 1) I like English. What do you like? 2) I am studying English grammar. What are you doing? 3) I am studying English grammar. What are you studying?
Internet dating hurts.
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陈述的对象（主语） I
Chatting on the Internet
陈述的内容（谓语） am a Webaholic. is interesting.
I
Chatting on the Internet
like chatting online.
brings me a lot of fun.
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新闻记者都说：“够咬人”不算什么新闻，但是“人咬 狗”就是新闻(Journalists say that when a dog bites a man that is not news, but when a man bites a dog that is news.)
A dog bites a man. A man bites a dog. 我吃了饭。 饭吃了我。
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一般疑问句
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谓语中含有be动词或情态动词的提问：
直接在be动词或情态动词移wk.baidu.com句首。
He is a teacher.—
I can swim.—
谓语动词是实义动词的提问：
一般现在时，借助do或does，放句首。一般过去时，
did放句首，谓语动词变回动词原形。
I like English.—
He likes English.—
1) This is his book.
--Whose book is this? 2）I borrowed Jack’s car last night. --Whose car did you borrow last night?
How 的用法详解 一、how可以单独使用 how是对动作的方式进行提问。 1）How do you go to work? I drive. / By car. 2) How did he break his leg? He fell off the ladder.
“陈述对象+陈述内容”=“主语+谓语”=“名词+动词”
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主语 I
谓语动词 am
其他部分 a Webaholic. 表语）
五种句型 1. 主语+谓语 +表语
Chatting on the Internet
Internet dating I Chatting on the Internet
is
hurts. like brings
He likes English.—
I liked English.—
否定的缩写
am not, may not 没有缩写形式
will not = won’t shall not = shan’t can not = can’t
aren’t, isn’t, wasn’t, weren’t, don’t, doesn’t, didn’t, haven’t, hasn’t, hadn’t, wouldn’t, shouldn’t, couldn’t, mightn’t, mustn’t
六、对原因提问—why
1） I often study at the library because it’s quiet. --Why do you often study at the library?
要与名词连用的疑问词：
特殊疑问句
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一、which （当说话者提供多种选项对象供对方选择时） A: Could you lend me your pen?
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判断下列各句中的谓语动词哪些是实义动词、助动词或情 态动词。 Two men were standing at a bar. One man turned to the other and said,”I'll bet you $100 that I can bite my left eye.” The wager（赌注）was accepted, and the man popped（突然挖出）out his glass eye and bit it. “Now,” he said, “ I'll give you a chance to win your money back. I'll bet you another $100 that I can bite my right eye.” “He can't have two glass eyes.” thought the other man, and he plunked（重重甩下） down his money. Then the first man took out his false teeth and bit his right eye.
B: Sure. I have two pens. This pen has black ink. That pen has
red ink. Which pen / which one / which do you want? A: That red one. Thanks. 注：which后面也可以不接名词，此时的which用作代词。 二、whose （后面必须接名词连用“谁的什么东西”）
之所以有这五种基本句型，关键在于谓语动词： 一、有的谓语动词后面不能带宾语。 Eg: Internet dating hurts. 主 谓 二、有的动词要有宾语。 Eg: I like chatting online. 主 谓 宾 三、有的动词要接2个宾语。 Eg: Chatting on the Internet brings me a lot of fun. 主 谓 间宾 直宾 四、有的动词后面仅有一个宾语还不能够表达完整的意 思，在宾语的后面还需接一个补充宾语的成分。 We can call Internet addicts a Webaholic. 主 谓 宾 宾补
不与名词连用的疑问词：
三、对时间提问—when
1) I was born in 1980. --When were you born?
特殊疑问句
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四、对地点提问—where
1) He lives in Beijing. Where does he live?
五、对方式提问—how
1）He goes to school by bus. --How does he go to school?
第五章 动词分类
实义动词与情态、助动词
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一、实义动词（notional verb）： 1.从词义看，具有完整的词汇意义； 2. 从在谓语中的作用来看，能单独充当句子的谓语。 二、助动词（auxiliary verb） 助动词be, do和have 1. 从词义看，不具备词汇意义； 2. 从在谓语中的作用来看，不能单独充当句子成分，必 须和实义动词连用，以帮助构成各种时态、语态、语气、 否定和疑问等。 be：am, is, are, was ,was, were, been, being do: does, did have: has, had, having
五种基本句型概述
主语 + 谓语 I am a Webaholic. （网虫） I like chatting online.
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Chatting on the Internet is interesting. Chatting on the Internet brings me a lot of fun. We can call Internet addicts (上瘾的人) a Webaholic.
We
Internet dating
can call Internet addicts a Webaholic. Hurts.
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一个句子可以分为下面两个部分： 一、以代词、名词、或名词短语开头，来表明我们要陈 述的对象，这就是句子的主语。 二、在主语的后面紧接动词，来说明主语做什么，或描 述主语的状况，动词及后面的成分，我们称之为谓语部 分。 一个完整的句子都由2个部分组成：
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二、How常与形容词或副词连用 How old How tall How big How far How well How quickly
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三、对动作发生的频率提问 How often / how many times…? I write to my parents once a month. How often do you write to your parents? I write to my parents once a month. How many times a month do you write to your parents?
Exercise 5.1.-5.3
陈述句的否定
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谓语中含有be动词或情态动词的否定：
直接在be动词或情态动词的后面加否定词not即构成否定句。
He is a teacher.—
I can swim.—
谓语动词是实义动词的否定：
借助助动词do及其各种变形来完成。
I like English.—
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10个情态动词 can / could, may /might, shall / should, will /would, must , had better. 与情态动词有关的短语动词： be able to (can类似） be going to(will类似） ought to, be supposed to (should 类似） have to, have got to (must类似） need，dare可以做情态动词，也可以做实义动词