英美国家概况期末试题2
（完整版）英美国家概况课后题及答案
Chapter 21.The British history before 55BC is basically undocumented.(T)2.The Celts became the dominant group in Britain between the 8th and 5th centuriesBC.(T)3.The name of Britain came from a Celtic tribe--- the Britons.(T)4.The Anglo--Saxons came to Britain in the mid--5th century.(T)5.The chief or king of the Anglo--Saxon tribes exercised power at their own will.(F)6.The Vikings began to attack the English coast in the 8th century.(T)7.Henry II built up a large empire which included England and most of France.(T)8.The Magna Carta was designed to protect the rights of both the privileged class andthe townspeople.(F)9.The Hundred Years' War was a series of wars fought between England and Normansfoe trade and territory.(F)10.In an effort to make a compromise between different religious factions,Queen Elizabeth I actually defended the fruit of the Religious Reformation.(T)1. The D attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410.A. NormanB. DanishC. CelticD. Germanic2. By the late 7th century, D became the dominant religion in England.A. Celtic ChristianityB. Anglo-Saxon ChristianityC. Germanic ChristianityD. Roman Christianity3. Westminster Abbey was built at the time of B .A. St. AugustineB. Edward the ConfessorC. William the ConquerorD. Alfred the Great4. The C marked the establishment of feudalism in England.A. Viking invasionB. signing of the Magna CartaC. Norman ConquestD. Adoption of common law5. The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of C .A. the House of ValoisB. the House of YorkC. the House of TudorD. the House of Lancaster6. The direct cause for the Religious Reformation was King Henry VIII’s effort toA .A. divorce his wifeB. break with RomeC. support the ProtestantsD. declare his supreme power over the church7. The English Civil War broke out in 1642 between B .A. Protestants and PuritansB. Royalists and ParliamentariansC. nobles and peasantsD. aristocrats and Christians8. A was passed after the Glorious Revolution.A. Bill of RightsB. Act of SupremacyC. Provisions of OxfordD. Magna Carta9. The Industrial Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middle of the Ccentury.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20th10. Britain faced strong challenges in its global imperial dominance by the beginning of theD century.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20thChapter 31.Conventions are regarded less important than common law in the working of theBritish government.(F)2.The British monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the history.(F)3.In reality,the British King or Queen is the source of all government powers.(F)4.British Parliament is the law--making body of the Commonwealth of Nations.(F)5.Lords Spiritual and Lords Temporal are all members in the British Upper House.(T)6.The members in the House of Commons are appointed rather than elected.(F)7.The British Prime Minister is the leader of the majority party in Parliament.(T)8.Cabinet members are chosen by the Prime Minister from various political parties in Parliament.(F)9.British law consists of two parts,the civil law and the criminal law.(T)10.The legal systems in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland are muchsimilar in terms of law, organization and practice.(F)1. The British government is characterized by a division of powers between three ofthe following branches with the exception of the C .A. judiciaryB. legislatureC. monarchyD. executive2. The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on D .A. passing the billsB. advising the governmentC. political partiesD. public attitude3. As a revising chamber, the House of Lords is expected to B the Houseof Commons.A. rivalB. complementC. criticizeD. inspect4. British Cabinet works on the principle of AA. collective responsibilityB. individual responsibilityC. defending the collectivismD. defending the individuals5. The main duty of the British Privy Council is to B .A. make decisionsB. give adviceC. pass billsD. supervise the Cabinet6. In Britain, the parliamentary general election is held every C years.A. threeB. fourC. fiveD. six7. C has a distinct legal system based on Roman law.A. WalesB. EnglandC. ScotlandD. Northern Ireland8. Generally speaking, the British Parliament operates on a B system.A. single-partyB. two-partyC. three-partyD. multi-party9. The policies of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatism andD .A. government interventionB. nationalization of enterprisesC. social reformD. a belief in individualism10. The Labor Party affected the British society greatly in that it A .A. set up the National Health ServiceB. improved public transportationC. abolished the old tax systemD.enhanced the economic developmentChapter 41.Britain was the first industrialized nation in the world.(T)2.The British economy experienced a relative decline during the postwar period.(T)3.Limited resources and high unemployment rate were persistent problems that prevented rapid economic development in Britain.(F)4.Thatcher's revolution turned out to be a great success in dealing with all the British econimic and social problems.(F)5.The economic approach adopted by Tony Blair is different from that of the Labor party and the Conservative Party.(T)6.Blair made the Bank of England independent in order to separate politics and economic policy.(T)7.Britain is the world's leading exporter of poultry and dairy products.(F)8.The fishing industry provides more than 50%of Britain's demand for fish.(T)9.Britain is an important oil exporter since its oil industry has a long history.(F)10.Nuclear power is one of the major energy sources in Britain.(T)1. The British economy achieved global dominance by the C .A. 1860sB. 1870sC. 1880sD.1890s2. In B , the British Parliament passed two important acts to establish awelfare state.A. 1945B. 1946C. 1947D. 19483. The A in the early 1970s worsened an already stagnant economy inBritain.A. oil crisisB. high inflation ratesC. large importsD. unemployment problem4. Of the following practices, C does not belong to Thatcher’s socialwelfare reform.A. reducing child benefitsB. shortening the unemployment benefits periodC. reducing the unemploymentD. lowering old age pensions5. The Blair government has been successful in all the following aspects exceptD .A. limiting government spendingB. keeping inflation under controlC. reducing unemploymentD. reducing inequality6. Britain has devoted C of its land area to agriculture.A. 54%B. 64%C. 74%D.84%7. Britain’s important fishing areas include all the following except D .A. the North SeaB. the English ChannelC. The sea area around IrelandD. The sea area between Britain and Ireland8. Coal mining industry in Britain provides B of the energy consumed inthe country.A. 1/3B. 1/4C. 1/5D. 2/39. The car industry in Britain in mostly A .A. foreign-ownedB. state-ownedC. joint-ventureD. privately-owned10. Of the following sectors in Britain, C has experienced spectaculargrowth since the end of Word War II.A. AgricultureB. energy industryC. service industryD.manufacturing industryChapter 51.The British government has been responsible for education since the early 1800s.(F)cation in Britain is compulsory for all children between the ages of 6 and 15.(F)3.The National Curriculum is compulsory in both the state system and the independent system.(F)4.When children finish their schooling at 16, they are required to take a national GCSE examination.(T)5.Graduates from state schools in Britain have a less favorable chance to enter famous universities than those from independent schools.(T)6.In the 1960s, a large number of new universities were founded in Britain.(T)7.Most British people begin their day with reading the morning newspaper and end it watching television in the evening.(T)8.The Times is the world's oldest national newspaper(F)9.The BBC World Service broadcasts only in English throughout the world.(F)10.Some British holidays are celebrated to mark the important events of the Christian calendar, and others are related to local customs and traditions.(T)1. In Britain, the division between grammar schools and vocational schools were ended by the introduction of comprehensive schools in the DA. 1930sB. 1940sC. 1950sD. 1960s2. About B of British children receive primary and secondary educationthrough the independent system.A. 5%B. 6%C. 7%D. 8%3. Partially funded by central government grants, the British universities receivetheir remaining funds from all the following sources except B .A. tuition feesB. loansC. donationsD.corporate contributions4. Of the following, A is NOT a basis of admission to Britain’suniversities.A. result in national entrance testB. A-level resultC. an interviewD. school references5. To be admitted to the Open University, one need B .A. some educational qualificationsB. no educational qualificationsC. General Certificate of Education-AdvancedD.General National V ocationalQualifications6. Among Britain’s quality press, the following newspapers are regarded as the “BigThree” with the exception of C .A. The TimesB. The GuardianC. The ObserverD. The Daily Telegraph7. Life on Earth is a kind of C program produced by the BBC and ispopular among 500 million viewers worldwide.A. featureB. dramaC. documentaryD. soap opera8. D is Britain’s top pay television provider.A. BSBB. SkyTVC. BBCD. BSkyB9. Of the following, D is NOT a common feature of all the Britishholidays.A. families getting togetherB. friends exchanging good wishesC. friends enjoying each other’s companyD. families traveling overseas10. The following Christmas traditions are particularly British except A .A. Trooping the ColorB. Queen’s Christmas messageC. Boxing DayD. Christmas pantomimeChapter 91.America was named after Amerigo Vespucci, who arrived on the new continent after Columbus.(T)2.The second Continental Congress was held in Philadelphia, and the Continental Army and Navy were founded under the command of Thomas Jefferson.(F)3.The Civil War not only put an end to slavery, but also decided that America was a single, indivisible nation.(T)4.Many American people approved of the Vietnam War.(F)5.During Clinton's term, the economy developed steadily, resulting in a lower rate of unemployment.(T)6.In 1990, American troops and the troops from allied nations launched Operation Desert Storm in order to drive Iraqi troops out of Kuwait.(T)7.According to the American administration, Saddam Hussein and Osama bin Ladenwere responsible for the terrorist event on September11,2001.(F)8.The America government regarded Iraq a nation among the "axis of evil".(T)9.On March 19,2003,American and United Nation's troops, supported by several other countries, began an invasion of Iraq.(F)10.Although the combat operations in Iraq are over, it is still hard for America to decide when to withdraw its army.(T)1.The first successful English colony in North America was founded at C in .A. Jamestown, LouisianaB. Boston, MassachusettsC. Jamestown, VirginiaD. Plymouth, Georgia2. Pilgrim Fathers are a group of B who came to America to avoidpersecution in England.A. ProtestantsB. PuritansC. CatholicsD. Christians3. The Seven Years’ War occurred between the C .A. French and American IndiansB. French and SpaniardsC. French and BritishD. British and American Indians4. “No taxation without representation” was the rallying slogan of D .A. the settlers of VirginiaB. the people of PennsylvaniaC. the colonists in New EnglandD. the people of the 13 colonies5. The first shots of the American War of Independence were fired in BA. ConcordB. LexingtonC. PhiladelphiaD. Boston6. In May 1775, B was held in Philadelphia and began to assume thefunctions of a national government.A. the First Continental CongressB. the Second Continental CongressC. the Boston Tea PartyD. the Congress of Confederation7. Abraham Lincoln issued C to grant freedom to all slaves.A. Declaration of IndependenceB. ConstitutionC. Emancipation ProclamationD. Bill of Rights8. The policy of the United States was A at the beginning of the two worldwars.A. neutralityB. full involvementC. partial involvementD. appeasement9. President C applied New Deal to deal with the problems of the GreatDepression.A. WilsonB. TrumanC. RooseveltD. Kennedy10. The Vietnam War was a long-time suffering for Americans, and it continuedthroughout the terms of Presidents D .A. Johnson, Nixon and FordB. Truman, Eisenhower and KennedyC. Kennedy, Johnson and NixonD. Eisenhower, Kennedy and JohnsonChapter 101.Bill of Rights was written into the Constitution in 1787.(F)2.The form of American government is based on three main principles: federalism, the separation of powers, and respect for the Constitution and the rule of law.(T)3.The U.S. Congress is the legislative branch of the federal government and it consists of two houses: the House of Commons and the House of Lords.(F)4.Certain presidential appointments must be approved by Congress.(T)5.The judicial branch of the federal government consists of a series of courts: the Supreme Court, the courts of appeals and the district courts.(T)6.Like Britain, the United States has a two--party system.(T)7.The Democratic Party is conservative in terms of its ideology.(F)8.American presidential campaign adheres to the "winner-take-all" practice.(T)9.American foreign policy throughout the World War II was neutrality.(F)10.American foreign policy during the Cold War period was containment and intervention.(T)1.The U. S. Constitution came into effect in B .A. 1787B. 1789C. 1791D. 17932. The Constitution of the United States CA. gives the most power to CongressB. gives the most power to the PresidentC. tries to give each branch enough power to balance the othersD. gives the most power to the Supreme Court3. The Bill of Rights BA. defines the rights of Congress and the rights of the PresidentB. guarantees citizens of the United States specific individual rights and freedomsC. is part of the Declaration of IndependenceD. has no relationship with the Constitution4. The following except B are guaranteed in the Bill of Rights.A. freedom of religionB. the right to get into people’s house by policeC. freedom of speech and of pressD. the right to own one’s weapon if one wishes5. All the following except C cannot make legislative proposal.A. the SenatorB. the RepresentativeC. the Secretary of StateD. the President6. The following except C are all powers of the President.A. vetoing any bills passed by CongressB. appointing federal judges when vacancies occurC. making lawsD. issuing executive orders7. According to the Constitution, a candidate for President must be D .A. at least 35 years oldB. at least a 14 years’ resident of the United StatesC. born in AmericaD. all of the above8. The terms for a Senator and Representative are D and yearsrespectively.A. two, fourB. two, threeC. two, sixD. six, two9. The Supreme Court is composed of D justices.A. sixB. sevenC. eightD. nine10. The President is directly voted into office by C .A. all citizens of AmericaB. the citizens over 18 years oldC. electors elected by the votersD. the senators and representativesChapter 111.America is the world's largest industrial nation.(T)2.America has a mixed economy and the government has little control over businesses.(F)3.Charter companies contributed to Britain's successful colonization of the U.S.(T)4.In the U.S. Constitution, the recognition of the importance of "intellectual property" could be identified.(T)5.Although slavery was abolished as a result of the Civil War, the owners of plantation in the South made more profits from selling their agriculture products.(F)6.President Roosevelt's New Deal had little effect in dealing with the economic crisis in the early 1930s.(F)7.The 1960s was a period of consolidation for the American businesses.(F)8.American agricultural exports outweigh imports, leaving a surplus in the agricultural balance of trade.(T)9.Auto production is one of the important sectors in American manufacturing industry.(T)10.The world economy has little to do with the growth and decline of the American foreign trade.(F)1.America produces a major portion of the world’s products in the following fields except C .A. machineryB. automobilesC. oreD. chemicals2. The modern American economy progressed from C to , andeventually, to .A. colonial economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyB. farming economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyC. colonial economy, farming economy, industrial economyD. handcraft economy, farming economy, industrial economy3. Chartered companies were NOT granted the D by the British King orQueen.A. political authorityB. economic rightsC. judicial authorityD. diplomatic authority4. The first National Bank of the United States was established with the urge ofD .A. George WashingtonB. Thomas JeffersonC. Andrew JacksonD. Alexander Hamilton5. The following inventions took place during the “second industrial revolution”except DA. typewriterB. telephoneC. electric lightD. refrigerator6. President Johnson tried to build a “Great Society” by introducing variousprograms like the following except D .A. MedicareB. Food StampsC. Education InitiativesD. Unemployment Pension7. About B of American crops are for export.A. halfB. one thirdC. one fourthD. one fifth8. The following statements are all true except B .A. Agribusinesses reflect the big, corporate nature of many farm enterprises.B. Agribusinesses maintain a balanced trade pattern between agricultural importsand exports.C. Agribusinesses range from one-family corporations to multinational firms.D. Agribusinesses include a variety of farm businesses and structures.9. D is not one of the three giants in American automobile industry.A. FordB. General MotorsC. ChryslerD. American Motors10. At present, U. S. exports account for A of the world’s total.A. 10%B. 15%C. 20%D. 25%Chapter 12cation is governed by state and local governments instead of the national government in America.(T)2.All American children are offered 12 years of compulsory public education.(T)3.The first formal academic institution that a child attends is called kindergarten.(F)4.After 12 years of schooling, American students receive a bachelor's degree at graduation.(F)5.When selecting a college or university, undergraduate students have a great concern for its size, location and academic quality.(T)6.In American institutions, a board of trustees composed of professionals is responsible for the administration.(F)ually, an undergraduate student has to earn 120 credits to receive a degree.(T)8.Yale university is the second eldest institution of higher learning in the United States.(F)9.It is The New York Times that first uncovered the Watergate Scandal in 1972 through the efforts of two reporters.(F)10.Thanksgiving Day falls on the fourth Tuesday in November.(F)1. Formal education in the United States consists of C , secondary andhigher education.A. kindergartenB. publicC. elementaryD. private2. Of the following subjects, B are NOT offered to elementary schoolstudents.A. mathematics and languagesB. politics and business educationC. science and social studiesD. music and physical education3. Higher education in the United States began with the founding of B .A. Yale UniversityB. Harvard UniversityC. Princeton UniversityD. New York University4. Of the following, B are NOT among the categories of American highereducation.A. universities and collegesB. research institutionsC. technical institutionsD. community colleges5. Of the following, D is NOT the responsibility of the board of trustees inU. S. institutions.A. choosing the presidentB. establishing policies for administrators and facultyC. approving budget and other financial projectD. decide which student to enroll6. To get a bachelor’s degree, all undergraduate students are required to do thefollowing except C .A. attending lectures and completing assignmentsB. passing examinationsC. working for communitiesD. earning a certain number of credits7. Of the following universities, B has NOT cultivated any AmericanPresident yet.A. Harvard UniversityB. Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyC. Princeton UniversityD. Yale University8. B is sold especially to the upper or upper-middle class and it has areputation for its serious attitude and great bulk.A. The Washington PostB. The New York TimesC. Los Angeles TimesD. New York Daily News9. Of the following, B is NOT among the three major radio and TVnetworks in America.A. the National Broadcasting System (NBS)B. the Public BroadcastingService (PBS)C. the Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS)D. the American BroadcastingSystem (ABS)10. The National Day of the United States falls on B .A. June 4thB. July 4thC. June 14thD. July 14th。
英美国家概况
英美国家概况一、选择题:1、The UK population was nearly 61,000,000.2、(1)The capital of Scotland is Edinburgh;(2)The capital of Northern Ireland is Belfast;(3)The capital of Wales is Cardiff;(4) The capital of England is London.二、名词解释:1、Magna Carta<the Great Charter>(大宪章):It was designed toobtain public liberties and to control the king’s power through Common Law, baronial assemblies and alliances with other social classes in England.2、The Hundred Years’ War(英法百年战争)：It referred to theintermittent war between France and England that last from 1337 to 1453. The causes were partly territorial and partly economic.When Edward III claimed the French Crown but the French refused to recognize, the war broke out. At first the English were successful, but in the end, they were defeated and lost almost all their possessions in France.3、Black Death(黑死病)：It was the deadly bubonic plague whospread through Europe in the 14th century. It swept through England without warning and any cure, and sparing no victims. Itkilled between half and one-third of the population of England. 4、The Wars of the Rose(玫瑰战争): It was referred to the battlesbetween the House of Lancaster and the House of York between 1455 and 1485. The former was symbolized by the red rose, and the latter by the white one. After the wars, feudalism received its death blow and the king’s powe r became supreme. Tudor monarchs ruled England and Wales for over two hundred years.5、The Act of Supremacy(至尊法案)：In 1534, King Henry VIIIissued the Act of Supremacy, and declared himself to be the “only supreme head of the church of England”. It recognized the king as supreme head of the Church in England.6、Puritanism(清教主义)：It is behavior or beliefs that are based onstrict moral or religious principles, especially the principle that people should avoid physical pleasures, advocating for more purity of worship and doctrine, as well as personal and group piety.7、Electoral College(选举团)：The electoral college is a group ofdelegates representing the fifty states which selects the president and the vice-president. These delegates usually vote according to the popular vote in their home states.8、Impeachment(弹劾)：Impeachment is a charge brought by the USHouse of Representatives against an official in the judicial or executive branches of the federal government. In essence, theHouse of Representatives sits as a grand jury considering the evidence against a president, vice-president, or a federal judge.9、Lobbying(游说)：Lobbying refers to activities designed toinfluence the decisions made by public officials. Most lobbying is completely legal and involves providing information and the making of election campaign contributions.10、Primary Election(初选): A primary election is an election whereinthe voters choose who the candidates will be in the general election.11、Collective Ministerial Responsibility(部长团体职责)：Accordingto the principle of collective ministerial responsibility, all the ministers in a government are responsible for the actions of individual ministers.12、Constituency(选区)：A constituency is an electoral district. Eachconstituency has a name and each constituency elects one member of the House of Commons.三、看图填空:四、列举:1、Seven kingdoms：Kent、Essex、Sussex、Wessex、East Anglo、Mercia、Northamber.2、Three major languages：Latin、French、Old English.3、都铎王朝的君主:Henry VII、Henry VIII、Edward VI、Mary I、Elizabeth I.4、Calvinism(加尔文主义):total depravity(完全的堕落)、unconditional selection（无条件的选择）、limited atonement（有限的赎罪）、irresistible grace（不可抗拒的恩惠）、perseverance of the saints（圣徒的坚忍）.5、The Big Four（英国报业四巨头）：The Times《泰晤士报》、TheDaily Telegraph《每日电讯报》、Guardian《卫报》、Financial Times《金融时报》.<Fleet Street舰队街>6、The Great Lakes（五大湖）；Lakes Superior、Michigan、Huron、Erie、Ontario.7、采取“winners-take-all”的有哪些国家：8、常春藤名校:布朗(Brown)、哥伦比亚(Columbia)、康乃尔(Cornell)、达特茅斯(Dartmouth)、哈佛(Harvard)、宾夕法尼亚大学(University of Pennsylvania)、普林斯顿(Princeton)和耶鲁(Yale)9、澳大利亚八校联盟：澳大利亚国立大学（The Australian National University, ANU)墨尔本大学(The University of Melbourne, UofMELB)悉尼大学(The University of Sydney, UNSY)昆士兰大学(The University of Queensland, UQ)新南威尔士大学(University of New South Wales, UNSW)莫纳许大学(Monash University)西澳大学(The University of Western Australia)阿得雷德大学(University of Adelaide)10、Monarchies: Britain、Japan、Saudi Arabia、Thailand、Spain、Malaysia、Netherlands、Kuwait、Canada；Republics: USA、Germany、France、Russia、Iraq、Israel、Vietnam、Brazil.五、论述:1、英国的地理环境是怎样影响英国人的性格和文化的？2、评价亨利八世（举例论证他的功与过）.3、The difference of the class social system between the United Statesand the United Kingdom:(P134)4、美国为什么不禁枪？5、美国的两党、两院以及驴象之争；“三权分立”.6、英国的两党以及上下议院，为什么要有君主制？。
英美国家概况
英美国家概况monwealth：英联邦It is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain. It has no special powers. And the nations are united because of economic reasons. Under the Commonwealth, the nations develop.2.Eisteddfod：Ei steddfod is the Welsh word for “sitting” National Eidteddfod is the most famous festival of music and verse in Wales. It takes place each August and lasts for about a week. The highlight of the festival is competition for the best epic poem about Wales written and read in Welsh. The winner is crowned Board, considered the supreme honour in Wales. In this way the Welsh people keep the Welsh language and culture alive.3.Alfred the Great：阿尔弗雷大帝He was king of Wessex, one of the seven Anglo-Saxon Kingdoms. It was he who led the Anglo-Saxon to flight against the invading Danes and maintained peace for a long time. Alfred was not only a brave king at wartime, but also a wise king at peacetime. He encouraged education and introduced a legal system. He is known as “the father of the British navy”4. Magna Carta：大宪章It was also called the barons’ Charter or the Great Charter in 1215.It has many clause but the important one was that only the Grand Council could decide to collect money or not. And it has long been regarded as the foundation of English liberties but its spirit was to limit the king’s power.5.Gunpowder Plot：火药阴谋It was a secret plan of the Roman Catholics to overthrow James 1. The Catholics planted barrels of gunpowder in the cellars of the House to kill James 1 but the plan failed. Now it is celebrated as a national holiday6.The Glorious Revolution：It was a takeover or palace coup d’etate with no blood shed in 1688. WhenJames II hoped to rule as a Catholic, the English politicians rejected James II, and appealed to a Protestant king, William of Orange, to invade and take the English throne. James II was forced to leave Britain. William and Mary who were the relatives of James II took power as joint monarchy.7.Elizabeth IOne of the greatest monarchs in British history. She reigned England, Wales a nd Ireland for 45 years and remained single. Her reign was a time of confiden t English nationalism and of great achievements in literature and other arts, in exploration and in battle.8.Thatcherism：A theory by British Prime minister, Thatcher in the 80s. The main idea is to privatize and to control inflation. It also turned out to be a failure in “curing” British diseases9.The Great lakes----The Great Lakes are the five lakes in the northeast. They are Lake Superior which is the largest fresh water lake in the world, Lake Michigan (the only one entirely in theU.S.), Lake Huron, Lake Eire and Lake Ontario. They are all located between Canada and the United States expect Lake Michigan.10.the OppositionIn the General Election, the party which wins the second largest number of se ats becomes the offcial Opposition, with its own leader and “shadow cabinet”. The aims of the Opposition are to contribute to the formulation of policy and legislation, to oppose government proposals, to seek amendments to government bills, and to put forward its own policies in order to win the next general el ection.11.public schoolsFee-paying secondary schools which are longestablished and have gained a rep utation for their high academic standards, as well as their exclusiveness and sn obbery. The boys’ public schools include such well-known schools as Eton and Harrow, and girls’ famous schools include Roedean. Most of the members of the British Establishment were educated at a public school.12.New EnglandNew England is made up of six states of the North-East. They are Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut. It is so metimes called the birthplace of America.13.the New FrontierIt was the President Kennedy’s program which promised civil rights for blacks, federal aid to farmers and to education, medical care for all and the abolitionof poverty.14.eleven-plusan examination formerly used to select school pupils at about, the age of 11 for an appropriate secondaryeducation.一种考试对11岁孩子选择适当的中等教育15.civil service:they are staffed by the government whose duty is carrying out the administration of laws passed by parliament ,changes of government do not involve changes in departmental staff ,who continue to carry out the duties whichever party in power civil servant are recruited mainly by competitive examination16.house of the lordsThe house of Lords consists of the Lords Spiritual, who are the Archbishops and most prominent bishops of the church of England; and the Lords Temporal, which refers to those lords who either have inherited the seat from their forefathers or they have benn appointed. The main fuction of it is to bring the wide experience of its members into the process of lawmaking17.the Great LakesThe Great Lakes are the most important lakes in the United States. They are Lake Superior, which is the largest fresh water lake in the world, Lake Michig an ——the only one entirely in the U.S. ——Lake Huron, Lake Erie and L ake Ontario. They are all located between Canada and the United States except Lake Michigan.18.Great CanyonThe Great Canyon is an enormous gorge carved by the Colorado River in northwestern Arizona.19.The Black ThursdayThe Black Thursday refers to Oct 24 1929 when the stock market crash happened. Ten of millions of shares were dumped and billions of dolla rs of paper profits were wiped out within a few hours. It signaled th e beginning of the Great Depression20.Electoral CollegeIn the US, the people of each state don’t vote directly for the president: they select presidential electors, equal to the number of the Senators and Representatives each states has in Congress. The electors of all 50 states and the District of Columbia (538 persons) comprise the Electoral College.munity collegeCommunity college emerged in the US in the early 1900s, as a two-year college to meet the need of economic expansion and rapid rise in immigrants. It provides general career and adult education.。
英美国家概况期末试题2.
Test Paper of An Introduction to English-speaking CountriesTest BI. Multiple Choice (20%1. The highest mountain peak in Britain is in ________.[A] England [B] Scotland[C] Wales [D] Northern Ireland2. The longest river in Britain is the ________ River.[A] Severn [B] Thames[C] Mersey [D] Humber3. The largest lake in Britain is located in ________.[A] England [B] Scotland[C] Wales [D] Northern Ireland4. The English people are descendants of ________.[A] Celts [B] Romans[C] Anglo-Saxons [D] Danes5. Middle English took shape about a century after the ________ Conquest.[A] Roman [B] Anglo-Saxon[C] Norman [D] Danish6. “The City” in this lesson refers to ________.[A] Greater London [B] Inner London[C] Outer London [D] The City of London7. The central bank in Britain is ________.[A] Lloyd [B] Barclay[C] Midland [D] the Bank of England6. All the government ministers of Britain must be members of ________.[A] the House of Lords [B] the House of Commons[C] the Privy Council [D] Parliament.9. Which group of people can NOT be voters in the general election?[A] the UK citizens above the age of 18. [B] the UK resident citizens of the Irish Republic.[C] lords in the House of Lords. [D] members in the House of Commons.10. The party that has the majority of seats in ________ will form the government.[A] the House of Commons [B] the House of Lords[C] the Privy Council [D] the Cabinet11. In the middle of fifth century, Anglo-Saxons came from the region of ________ and the LowCountries and settled in Britain.[A] Denmark [B] Norway[C] Germany [D] Holland12. Doomsday Book was in fact a record of each man’s ________.[A] experience [B] behavior[C] property [D] reputation13. The Statutes of Laborers issued by the government of Edward III introduced cruel punishmentsfor those________.[A] who demanded higher wages. [B] who worked.[C] who hated the ministers, lawyers and landlords. [D] who refused to work14. Wars of Roses were fought ________ between the Lacastrians and the Yorkists from 1455 to1465.[A] constantly [B] irregularly[C] continuously [D] intermittently15. The principle of population was formulated by ________.[A] Adam Smith [B] David Ricardo[C] Thomas Malthus [D] Robert Owen16. The first British colony was ________.[A] New England [B] Newfoundland[C] West Indies [D] India17. The British colonists forced the Qing government to conclude the Treaty of ________ in 1842.[A] Peking [B] Nanking[C] Tientsin [D] Canton18. The British Empire reached the peak of its colonial expansion after the________ .[A] Anglo- Boer War [B] the First Opium War[C] World War I [D] World War II19. Which of the following is NOT the feature of imperialism?[A] foreign territorial expansion. [B] export of capital.[C] free competition. [D] monopoly.20. The author of Wealth of Nations is ________.[A] Adam Smith [B] David Ricardo[C] Thomas Malthus [D] Robert OwenII. Blank filling (10%1. Britain is separated from the European continent by the North Sea, the Strait of ________ andthe English ________.2. In 1965, big oil fields were discovered under the ________.3. The British government is established on the basis of constitutional ________.4. The Conservative party developed out of the ________ party, while the Liberal partydeveloped out of the ________ party.5. The party in power in the UK is the ________ party, which was founded in 1900.6. For the election purpose, Britain is divided into hundreds of constituencies, each of whichelects ________ member of the House of Commons.7. The party that wins the ________ seats in the House of Commons will be in office.8. In Britain the highest civil court of appeal is the ________.III. True or false statement (10%1. After the 2007 election, the Labor Party led by the Prime Minister Kevin Rudd has been inpower in Australia.2. Melbourne is the biggest city in Australia.3. Sydney is the capital city of Australia.4. New Zealand is nicknamed as a country “riding the sheep’s back.”5. The Great Barrier Reef, the world’s largest coral reef, lies a short distance off the north-eastcoast of Australia and extends for over 2,000 km.6. Auckland is the biggest city in New Zealand.7. Wellington is the capital city of New Zealand.8. Both Auckland and Wellington are on the South Island.9. Mount Cook is the highest mountain in Australia.10. The indigenous Māori named Australia “Aotearoa”, which is usually translated into English as“The Land of the Long White Cloud”.IV. Matching (10%Column A Column B1. Liverpool a. the steel manufacturing center of Britain2. Hull b. the former center of textile industry of Britain3. Sheffield c. the fishing port in Humberside4. Manchester d. the largest city in Britain5. Glasgow e. the second largest city in Britain6. London f. the district of Merseyside7. Birmingham g. the largest city in Scotland8. Belfast h. the capital of Wales9. Edinburgh i. The capital of Northern Ireland10. Cardiff j. the capital of ScotlandV. Translation (10%1. All Estates Parliament2. APEC3. ASEAN4. Crown Court5. High Court of Justice6. Model Parliament7. NATO 8. stagflation9. tertiary industries 10. the Great CharterVI. Term explanation (10%1. The British Isles2. Black DeathVII. Questions for discussion (30%1. What were the significances of the Bourgeois Revolution in the 17th century?2. What’s your idea about the necessity for the UK to keep the monarchy (the queen or the king?Answer Sheet (答题纸班级_________ 学号_________ 姓名_________I. Multiple choice1. _____2. _____3. _____4. _____5. _____6. _____7. _____8. _____9. _____ 10. _____11. _____ 12. _____ 13. _____ 14. _____ 15. _____ 16. _____ 17. _____ 18. _____ 19. _____ 20. _____ II. Blanking filling1. __________2. __________3. __________4. __________5. __________6. __________7. __________8. __________III. True or false statements1. _____2. _____3. _____4. _____5. _____6. _____7. _____8. _____9. _____ 10. _____IV. Matching1. _____2. _____3. _____4. _____5. _____6. _____7. _____8. _____9. _____ 10. _____V. Translation1. ______________________________2. ______________________________3. ______________________________4. ______________________________5. ______________________________6. ______________________________7. ______________________________8. ______________________________9. ______________________________ 10. ______________________________ VI. Term explanation1. The British Isles2. Black DeathVII. Questions for discussion1. What were the significances of the Bourgeois Revolution in the 17th century?2. What’s your idea about the necessity for the UK to keep the monarchy (the queen or the king?。
英美国家概况期末试题
Test Paper of An Introduction to English-speaking CountriesTest A请将所有答案做在答题纸(Answer Sheet)上，做在试卷上无效。
I.Multiple Choice(20%)1. The highest mountain peak in Britain is called ________.[A] Ben Nevis [B] Cross Fell[C] Snowdon [D] Scafell2. The Lake District is well-known for________.[A] its wild and beautiful scenery [B] its varied lakes[C] the lake Poets [D] all of the above three3. Which of the following is NOT the feature of British climate?[A] Coldness. [B] More rainy days.[C] Changeability . [D] More fogs.4. The established church of Britain is ________.[A] The Church of Scotland [B] Free churches[C] The United Reformed Church [D] The Church of England5. Easter is kept, commemorating the ________of Jesus Christ.[A] coming [B] birth[C] death [D] resurrection6. Under Mrs. Thatcher, British economy in 1980s gradually ________.[A] declined [B] recessed[C] recovered [D] went down7. Tertiary industry does NOT include ________.[A] retailing [B] insurance[C] electronics [D] banking8. In Britain, government cannot spend any money without the permission of ________.[A] the Queen [B] the Prime Minister[C] the House of Commons [D] the House of Lords9. ________ is seen as the party ofthe“middle”, occupying the ideological gr ound between thetwo main parties.[A] The Conservative [B] The Labour[C] The Liberal Democratic [D] The Tory10. The general election in Britain is held every ________ years.[A] 3 [B] 4[C] 5 [D] 611. The earliest settlers on the British Isles were the ________.[A] Celts [B] Gaels[C] Iberians [D] Brythons12. In 43 A.D. Romans under ________ conquered Britain.[A] Julius Caesar [B] Claudius[C] Augustine [D] the Pope13. ________ launched the Hundred Years’War.[A] Edward I [B] Edward II[C] Edward III [D] Henry III14. Black Death to some extent brought ________ to villains.[A] higher wages [B] greater freedom[C] better life [D] both A and B15. The British Industrial Revolution first began in the________ industry.[A] iron and steel [B] textile[C] coal-mining [D] ship-building16. The term“Rotten Boroughs”means ________.[A] boroughs that were rotten. [B] dirty boroughs[C] boroughs in which there were no inhabitants. [D] constituencies that were represented inthe House of Commons though there was not an inhabitant in it.17. The failure of the Chartist Movement was caused by the following reasons except________.[A] divided leadership [B] a strong party with socialism as its programme[C] influence of Utopian and petty-bourgeois ideologies [D] immaturity of the workingclass18. The author of“Wealth of Nations”is ________.[A] Adam Smith [B] David Ricardo[C] Thomas Malthus [D] Robert Owen19. Which is NOT the member country of the Triple Alliance ？[A] Germany [B] France[C] Austria-Hungary [D] Italy20. Which was NOT the member country of the Triple Entente?[A] Britain. [B] France.[C] Russia. [D] Italy.II.Blank filling(10%)1. The present sovereign of Britain is Queen ________, and Prince ________ is the heir to thethrone.2. Theoretically, the Queen has all the power, but in reality, she must act on the advice of the________.3. Parliament is the supreme ________ authority in Britain.4. Parliament consists of the ________, the House of ________ and the House of ________.5. The presiding officer of the House of Commons is“ ________.”6. The British government is composed of the ________ Minister and other ministers, who areresponsible to the queen.7. The Cabinet is composed of the most ________ ministers who meet regularly under the call ofthe Prime Minister.III.True or false statement(10%)1. Kangaroo, emu and koala are unique animals of New Zealand.2. Queen Elizabeth II is the head of New Zealand.3. Australia is divided into six states and two territories.4. Queen Elizabeth II is the Queen of Australia. The Queen is represented by the Prime Ministerat federal level.5. The Commonwealth Parliament of Australia comprise the Queen, the Senate, and the House ofRepresentatives.6. The Queen is represented in the parliament of Australia by the Governor-General, who byconvention acts on the advice of the queen.7. From March 2005 to August 2006, New Zealand is the only country in the world in which allthe highest offices in the land have been occupied simultaneously by women.8. National anthem of Australia is “God Defend Australia”, while that of New Zealand is “Advance New Zealand Fair.”9. The political system of New Zealand is based upon a constitutional republic with aparliamentary democracy10. Parliament of New Zealand is made up of only one house.IV.Matching(10%)ColumnA1. Liverpool2. Hull3. Sheffield4. Manchester5. Glasgow6. London7. Birmingham8. Belfast9. Edinburgh10. CardiffV.Translation(10%)1. Anglo-Saxon Heptarchy3. Common Market5. Doomsday Book7. High Court of Justice9. stagflationVI.Term explanation(10%)1. the CabinetVII.Questions for discussion(30%)Column Ba. the steel manufacturing center of Britainb. the former center of textile industry of Britainc. the fishing port in Humbersided. the largest city in Britaine. the second largest city in Britainf. the district of Merseysideg. the largest city in Scotlandh. the capital ofWalesi. The capital of Northern Irelandj. the capital of Scotland2. APEC4. Crown Court6. EU8. Roman Conquest10. tertiary industries2. Glorious Revolution1. What were the consequences of the British Industrial Revolution?2. What’s your idea about the necessity for the UK to keep the monarchy (the queen or the king)?Answer Sheet(答题纸)班级_________ 学号_________ 姓名_________I.Multiple choice1. _____2. _____3. _____4. _____5. _____6. _____7. _____8. _____9. _____ 10. _____11. _____ 12. _____ 13. _____ 14. _____ 15. _____16. _____ 17. _____ 18. _____ 19. _____ 20. _____II.Blanking filling1. __________2. __________3. __________4. __________5. __________6. __________7. __________III.True or false statements1. _____2. _____3. _____4. _____5. _____6. _____7. _____8. _____9. _____ 10. _____IV.Matching1. _____2. _____3. _____4. _____5. _____6. _____7. _____8. _____9. _____ 10. _____V.Translation1. ______________________________2. ______________________________3. ______________________________4. ______________________________5. ______________________________6. ______________________________7. ______________________________8. ______________________________9. ______________________________ 10. ______________________________ VI.Term explanation1. the Cabinet2. Glorious RevolutionVII.Questions for discussion1. What were the consequences of the British Industrial Revolution?2. What’s your idea about the necessity for the UK to keep the monarchy (the queen or the king)?。
《英语国家概况》期末复习题(含答案)
英语国家概况》期末复习题（含答案）（第I卷客观题共45 分）I.选择题（共30 分; 每题 1 分）U.K.1. The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on ___ . DA. passing the billsB. advising the governmentC. political partiesD. public attitude2. The policies of the Conservative Party in Great Britain are characterized by pragmatism and .DA. government interventionB. nationalization of enterprisesC. social reformD. a belief in individualism3. Oxford University is the oldest university in the English-speaking world.4. Cabinet members are chosen by __ in Britain. BA. the monarchB. the Prime MinisterC. the ArchbishopD. the Lord Chancellor5. English belongs to the Germanic group of Indo-European family of languages.6. The Severn River is the longest river in Britain.7. The following Christmas traditions are particularly British except ___ . AA. Trooping the ColorB. Queen 's Christmas messageC. Boxing DayD. Christmas pantomime8. Among Britain q'uasl ity press, the following newspapers are regarded as the “BigT hree withthe exception of TheObserver.9. In 2012, Britain had a population of about 63 million.10. The two main islands of the British Isles are Great Britain and Ireland.11. British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher once said that, “ Britain and the USnittaetde s willstand side by side ”.12. The Labor Party affected the British society greatly in that it __ . AA. set up the National Health ServicesB. improved public transportationC. abolished the old tax systemD. enhanced the economic development13. Margaret Thatcher go'v s ernment introduced the biggest changes in British economic policysince World War II.14. Charles Dickens is a representative of English Critical Realism at the turn of the 19 th century.15. The three principle features of the climate of Britain are the following EXCEPT ___ . CA. the frequent fog in winterB. the large number of rainy daysC. extreme coldness even in summerD. changeability all the year round16. Samuel Johnson 'dsic tionary was influential in establishing a standard form of spelling inEnglish.17. The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of Latin and Greek wordsto English.18. _ was not among the four self-governing dominions in the British Empire. CA. AustraliaB. CanadaC. IndiaD. the Union of South Africa19. Of the following sectors in Britain, service industry has experienced spectacular growthC. RepresentativeD. Senatorsince the end of World War II.20. Cambridge has more Nobel Prize winners than any other institution in Britain. 21. Writers of _____ literature are more concerned with imagination and feeling than withreason and intellect. C A. Renaissance B. Neo-ClassicalC. RomanticD. Victorian22. The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of ___ . CA. the House of ValoisB. the House of YorkC. the House of TudorD. the House of Lancaster23. Tourists from all over the world come to enjoy the beauty of Scottish scenery, to drink Scotchwhisky and to see Scotsmen wearing kilts .24. The ___ marked the establishment of feudalism in England. C A. Viking invasion B. signing of the Magna Carta C. Norman ConquestD. adoption of common law25. Commonwealth Day is an annual event celebrated on the second Monday in March each year. 26. Such big cities as Glasgow, Manchester, Sheffield and Newcastle are famous for the __ .DA. oil industryB. car industryC. shipping companiesD. coalfields27. During the 15 th and 16 th centuries an intellectual movement known as ____ swept Europe.___ was the greatest playwright of the world produced in this period in England. D A. Romance, Geoffrey Chaucer B. Christianity, George Bernard Shaw C. Italian literary influence, SonnetD. Renaissance, Shakespeare28. Aestheticism is the belief that artists have no obligation other than to strive for beauty--- “art forart 's sake ”. The most important representative of Aestheticism is _________ . B A. Thomas Hardy B. Oscar Wilde D. William Butler Yeats29. The direct cause for the Religious Reformation was King Henry VIII 'effso rt todivorce his wife .U.S.31. The U.S. lies in central North America, with Canada to the north, Mexico to the south, the Atlanticto its east and the Pacific to its west .32. “No taxation without representation w ”as the rallying slogan before the War of Independence . 33. The Constitution of the United States tries to give each branch enough power to balance theothers .34. The following except the right to get into people 's house a b re y g p u o a li r c a e nteed inthe Billof Rights.35. Of the following persons, the ____ can NOT make legislative proposal in the U.S. A A. Secretary of StateC. Virginia Woolf30. ___ is viewed as Romantic poetry A. “I Wondered Lonely as a Cloud C. “ Preface to Lyrical Ballads 's “ Declaration ofIndepCendence ” B. Don Juan D. Prometheus UnboundB. President36. Of the following subjects, politics and business education are NOT offered to elementary school students inthe U.S.37. Abraham Lincoln issued Emancipation Proclamation to grant freedom to all the slaves in the U.S.38. The terms for a Senator and a Representative in the U.S. are six and two years respectively.39. The National Day of the United States falls on July 4th.40. Washington Irving is regarded as “the father of American literature ”.41. Higher education in the United States began with the founding of Harvard University.42. The first shots of the American War of Independence were fired in Lexington.43. The symbol of the Democratic Party is a/an donkey, and a/an elephant represents the Republican Party.44. The eastern part of the United States consists of the highlands formed by the AppalachianRange and the western part consists of high plateaus and the Rocky Mountains.45. Alaska is the largest state in the whole United States and Texas is the largest state in the part of the U.S. thatis on the mainland.46. In the United States, the Bill of Rights guarantees citizens of the United States specific individual rights andfreedoms.47. The modern American economy progressed from ___ to ___ , and eventually, to ___ . BA. colonial economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyB. colonial economy, farming economy, industrial economyC. farming economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyD. handcraft economy, farming economy, industrial economy48. The Supreme Court in the United States is composed of nine justices.49. The characteristic of dominant American culture is ___ . BA. English-speaking, northern European, Protestant and upper-classB. English-speaking, western European, Protestant and middle-classC. English-speaking, northern European, Roman Catholic and middle-classD. English-speaking, western European, Roman Catholic and upper-class50. The following inventions took place during the “ secondi ndustrial revolution e”xc ept refrigerator.51. Of the following, __ is NOT a characteristic of Mark Twain 'Cs works.A. a realistic viewB. a sense of humorC. an idealistic viewD. colloquial speech52. The first successful English colony in North America was founded at Jamestown in Virginia.53. America produces a major p ortion of the world 's products in the following fields e o x il c. ept54. F. Scott Fitzgerald 's finest novel is _____ , and its theme is about D _ .A. Tales of the Jazz Age, the loss of oneselfB. TenderistheNight , loveC. TheBeautifulandtheDamned , the evil of human natureD. TheGreatGatsby, the American Dream55. Of the following books, ___ is NOT written by Ernest Hemingway. CA. A Farewell to ArmsB. ForWhomtheBellTollsC. TheSoundandtheFuryD. The Sun Also Rises56. The policy of the United States was __ at the beginning of the two world wars. CA. appeasementB. full involvementC. neutralityD. partial involvement 57. The first people on the American continent came from ___ as early as ___ thousand yearsago. C A. Asia, 2 B. Europe, 2 C. Asia, 20 D. Europe, 2058. The first National Bank of the United States was established with the urge of ___ . A A. Alexander Hamilton B. Andrew Jackson C. George Washington D. Thomas Jefferson59. Of the following universities, Massachusetts Institute of Technology has NOT cultivated any American Presidents yet. 60. Of the following writers, ___ is NOT a Nobel Prize winner. A A. Alice Walker B. Ernest Hemingway C. Eugene O ' Neil D. William Faulkner 61. The following except ___ are all powers of the U.S. President. B A. appointing federal judges when vacancies occur B. making lawsC. issuing executive ordersD. vetoing any bills passed by Congress62. Since 1959, the United States has been a country of 50 states.63. Chicago is the third largest city in the United States. It serves as the main connection between the easterncoast cities and the West.64. The distribution of the population in the U.S. is rather uneven. The most densely populatedAB. southeastern D. northwesternto tackle the economic depression in the 1930s B. new dealD. “ Great Society ” policyAustralia66. As an ideal place for investments, Australia' s foreign capital mainl J y a c p o a m n e a s n f d ro mthe United States .th67. January 26th, 1788 is the date celebrated as Australia Day. 68. _ is/are mainly responsible for education in Australia. B69. The first time that Australia developed a foreign policy independent of Britain was ___ . D A. after the establishment of the Commonwealth of Australia B. after World War IIC. during the Great Depression of the 1930sD. during the Pacific War in World War II70. Australia ' s economy depends largely on ______ . C A. agriculture B. manufacturing C. foreign tradeD. tourism71. The Howard government 'fosr eign policy was based on relations with four key countries, namely in Australia.BA. the U.S., Japan, Britain, ChinaB. the U.S., Japan, China, IndonesiaC. the U.S., Japan, Britain, IndonesiaD. the U.S., Britain, China, Indonesia 72. Australian system of teaching and school discipline put emphasis on the following exceptregion is the ___ part of the country. A. northeastern C. southwestern 65. President Roosevelt, in his attemptintroduced his famous ___ . B A. neutrality policy C. new monetarist policiesA. Federal government C. Territory assembliesB. State governments D. Municipal government__ . CA. learning by discovery and questioningB. self-disciplineC. outward disciplineD. encouraging student ' s interest in learning73. Canberra is Australia 's capital.74. In 2013, the population of Australia was about ___ million. AA. 22.9B. 33.9C. 40.9D. 5075. _ is renowned for its unique plant and animal species. It is estimated that there arearound 20,000 to 25,000 different plants native to the land. AA. AustraliaB. CanadaC. The United KingdomD. The United States76. Most anthropologists believe that the Aborigines in Australia migrated from ________ at least50,000 years ago. CA. east AsiaB. south AsiaC. southeast AsiaD. North Asia77. The Commonwealth of Australia was established in ___ . DA. 1847B. 1885C. 1900D. 190178. Australia is a leading supplier of ___ to international markets. DA. agricultural productsB. hi-tech productsC. industrial productsD. mineral resourcesCanada79. The Governor General holds the highest position in the Canadian parliamentary system.80. The ___ is the largest political party in Canada. AA. Liberal PartyB. Conservative PartyC. Canadian Labor CongressD. New Democratic Party Canada is the second largest country in the world.81. Toronto is the largest city in Canada and Ottawa is the capital city.82. _ recognized Quebec as a “ distinct soAciety ” .A. The Meech Lake AccordB. The Quebec ActC. The Constitutional ActD. The British North America Act83. The influence of __ has declined gradually in Parliament in today D ' s Canada.A. the Conservative PartyB. the Canadian Labor CongressC. the Cooperative Commonwealth FederationD. the New Democratic Party84. Kim Campbell was Canada ' s first woman Prime Minister.85. In Canada, the largest religious denomination is the Roman Catholic Church.86. If applicants meet the basic requirements for an immigrant to Canada, they need to do the following except .AA. applying for citizenshipB. taking a medical examC. paying an application feeD. paying a landing fee87. The Great Lakes on the border between Canada and the U.S. are the largest group of freshwater lakes in theworld.88. The name “ Canada ” is said to have derived from the Huron word“ Kanata ”, meaningC A. ocean B. north C. villageD. ice89. In 1497, the voyage led by an Italian captain discovered the eastern shores of Canada, which was claimed as Newfoundland .90. In the early ____ , both Britain and France founded permanent settlements in Canada. C A. 1400sC. 1600s91. After the famous Seven Yearsunder ____ control. B A. Britain, FrenchC. Spain, IndianB. 1500sD. 1700s' War, ____ lost all of its colonies, and the whole Canada cameB. France, British D. India, Spanish92. With the passage of the Statute of Westminster in 1931, Canada was recognized as an equalpartner of Britain.II. 读图题 （共 5分; 每题 1 分）III. 判断题 （共 10 分; 每题 1 分） U.K.1.The British history before 55 BC is basically undocumented. T2. The majority of the people in Britain are descendants of the Anglo-Saxons. T3. London is one of the three principal financial centers of the world. T4. People in different parts of Britain like to use the name England to refer to their country. F5. The Celtic people are the earliest known inhabitants of Britain. T6. In an effort to make a compromise between different religious factions, Queen Elizabeth I actually defended thefruit of the Religious Reformation. T7. The island of Great Britain is geographically divided into three parts: England, Scotland and Wales. T 8. The British monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the history. F 9.In reality, the British King or Queen is the source of all government powers. F10. Limited resources and high unemployment rate were persistent problems that prevented rapid economicdevelopment in Britain.F11. Hamlet depicts the hero ' s struggle with two opposing forces: moral integrity and the need toavenge his father ' s muTrder.12. The British economy experienced a relative decline during the postwar period. T13. Alexander Pope was a great English poet who also translated Homer Iliad . T ' s14. Blair made the Bank of England independent in order to separate politics and economic policy. T15. William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge brought the Romantic Movement to its height in Britishliterature. FU.S.16. Thanksgiving Day falls on the fourth Tuesday in November. F17. San Francisco is the second largest city after New York and the world famous Hollywood and Disneyland arelocated there. F18. Walt Whitman introduced great innovations to American literature, and he devised a poetic style, free verse. T19. The United States is the fifth most populous nation in the world, ranking behind China, India, Brazil and SouthAfrica. F20. During Clinton 'tesrm , the economy developed steadily, resulting in a lower rate of unemployment. T21. According to the American administration, Saddam Hussein and Osama bin Laden were responsible for theterrorist event on September 11, 2001. F22. The world economy has little to do with the growth and decline of the American foreign trade. F23. In the United States, certain presidential appointments must be approved by Congress. T24. New York is the commercial and financial center of the United States, and it is also one of the three principaleconomic centers in the world. T25. The Civil War not only put an end to slavery, but also decided that America was a single, indivisible nation. T26. The U.S. congress is the legislative branch of the federal government and it consists of two houses: the Houseof Commons and the House of Lords. F27. The eastern highlands formed by the Appalachians hold one third of the U.S. continental territory. F28. President Roosevelt ' s New Deal had little effect in dealinigth w the economic crisis in theearly 1930s. F29. Jonathan Edwards and Benjamin Franklin are two sources of American literary spirit. T30. The Democratic Party of the U.S. is conservative in terms of its ideology. F Australia31. The Australian Constitution can be changed either by government ' s will or by referendum.F32. Australia Day is on January 26th. T33. Since Australia has a vast cultivable area, it has become the world 'lesa ding exporter of agricultural products.F34. In World War I, all members of the Australian armed forces who served overseas were volunteers. T35. For Australian citizens over the age of 16, it is compulsory to vote at election time. FCanada36. Canada is the third largest country in the world in terms of territory. F37. Multilingualism and multiculturalism are characteristics of Canadian culture. T38. Laval University is the largest institution in Canada, while University of Toronto is the oldest one. F39. Quebec separated from Canada and established a French-speaking nation in the 1960s. F40. The Canadian government is responsible to the King or Queen of Britain. F1. D2. B3. A4. C5. E6. FGroup Three:British Literary PeriodsA. The Modern PeriodB. The Victorian PeriodC. The RenaissanceD. The Middle English PeriodE. The Romantic PeriodF. The Neo-Classical Period1. D2. C3. F4. E5. B6. A )II. 配对题（共20分; 每题 2 分）试卷上会出 2 组，每组 5 题。
英美概况2试题及答案
英美概况2试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 英国的首都是哪里？A. 伦敦B. 巴黎C. 柏林D. 罗马答案：A2. 美国的官方语言是什么？A. 英语B. 西班牙语C. 法语D. 德语答案：A3. 英国的货币单位是什么？A. 英镑B. 欧元C. 美元D. 日元答案：A4. 美国的独立日是哪一天？A. 7月4日B. 7月14日C. 8月15日D. 10月1日答案：A5. 英国的哪个地区以美丽的自然风光著称？A. 苏格兰高地B. 法国南部C. 意大利北部D. 西班牙东部答案：A6. 美国最大的城市是哪一个？A. 纽约B. 洛杉矶C. 芝加哥D. 休斯顿答案：A7. 英国的国花是什么？A. 玫瑰B. 郁金香C. 菊花D. 百合答案：A8. 美国的总统任期是多久？A. 4年B. 5年C. 6年D. 8年答案：A9. 英国的哪个城市是工业革命的发源地？A. 曼彻斯特B. 利物浦C. 伯明翰D. 利兹答案：A10. 美国的国鸟是什么？A. 鹰B. 鸽子C. 鹦鹉D. 猫头鹰答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. 英国的全称是________。
答案：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国2. 美国的首都是________。
答案：华盛顿特区3. 英国的国旗被称为________。
答案：联合旗4. 美国的国旗有________颗星。
答案：505. 英国的国歌是________。
答案：天佑女王6. 美国的国歌是________。
答案：星条旗7. 英国的皇家宫殿是________。
答案：白金汉宫8. 美国的自由女神像位于________州。
答案：纽约9. 英国的著名大学包括________。
答案：牛津大学10. 美国的著名大学包括________。
答案：哈佛大学三、简答题（每题10分，共40分）1. 简述英国的地理位置。
答案：英国位于欧洲大陆的西北部，由大不列颠岛、爱尔兰岛的北部分和周围的许多小岛组成。
2. 描述一下美国的地形特征。
《英美国家概况》考试题(2020年8月整理).pdf
《英语国家文化》期末考试试I.MultipleChoice(20%)1.ThehighestmountainpeakinBritainiscalled________.[A]BenNevis[B]CrossFell[C]Snowdon[D]Scafell2.TheLakeDistrictiswell-knownfor________.[A]itswildandbeautifulscenery[B]itsvariedlakes[C]thelakePoets[D]alloftheabovethree3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthefeatureofBritishclimate?[A]Coldness.[B]Morerainydays.[C]Changeability.[D]Morefogs.4.TheestablishedchurchofBritainis________.[A]TheChurchofScotland[B]Freechurches[C]TheUnitedReformedChurch[D]TheChurchofEngland5.Easteriskept,commemoratingthe________ofJesusChrist.[A]coming[B]birth[C]death[D]resurrection6.UnderMrs.Thatcher,Britisheconomyin1980sgradually____C__[A]declined[B]recessed[C]recovered[D]wentdown7.TertiaryindustrydoesNOTinclude________.[A]retailing[B]insurance[C]electronics[D]banking8.InBritain,governmentcannotspendanymoneywithoutthepermission of________.[A]theQueen[B]thePrimeMinister[C]theHouseofCommons[D]theHouseofLords9.________isseenasthepartyofthe“middle”,occupyingtheideologicalgroundbetweenthetwomainpart ies.[A]TheConservative[B]TheLabour[C]TheLiberalDemocratic[D]TheTory10.ThegeneralelectioninBritainisheldevery________years.[A]3[B]4[C]5[D]611.TheearliestsettlersontheBritishIsleswerethe________.[A]Celts[B]Gaels[C]Iberians[D]Brythons12.In43A.D.Romansunder________conqueredBritain.[A]JuliusCaesar[B]Claudius[C]Augustine[D]thePope13.________launchedtheHundredYears’War.[A]EdwardI[B]EdwardII[C]EdwardIII[D]HenryIII14.BlackDeathtosomeextentbrought________tovillains[A]higherwages[B]greaterfreedom[C]betterlife[D]bothAandB15.TheBritishIndustrialRevolutionfirstbeganinthe________indust ry.[A]ironandsteel[B]textile[C]coal-mining[D]ship-building16.Theterm“RottenBoroughs”means________.[A]boroughsthatwererotten.[B]dirtyboroughs[C]boroughsinwhichtherewerenoinhabitants.[D]constituenciesthatwererepresentedintheHouseofCommonsthough therewasnotaninhabitantinit.17.ThefailureoftheChartistMovemen twascausedbythefollowingreasonsexcept________.[A]dividedleadership[B]astrongpartywithsocialismasitsprogramme[C]influenceofUtopianandpetty-bourgeoisideologies[D]immaturity oftheworkingclass18.Theauthorof“WealthofNations”is________.[A]AdamSmith[B]DavidRicardo[C]ThomasMalthus[D]RobertOwen19.WhichisNOTthemembercountryoftheTripleAlliance？[A]Germany[B]France[C]Austria-Hungary[D]Italy20.WhichwasNOTthemembercountryoftheTripleEntente?[A]Britain.[B]France.[C]Russia.[D]Italy.II.Blankfilling(10%)1.ThepresentsovereignofBritainisQueen________,andPrince________ istheheirtothethrone.2.Theoretically,theQueenhasallthepower,butinreality,shemustacto ntheadviceofthe________3.Parliamentisthesupreme________authorit yinBritain4.Parliamentconsistsofthe________,theHouseof________a ndtheHouseof________.5.ThepresidingofficeroftheHouseofCommonsis“________.”6.TheBritishgovernmentiscomposedofthe________Ministerandothermi nisters,whoareresponsibletothequeen.7.TheCabinetiscomposedofthemost________ministerswhomeetregularl yunderthecallofthePrimeMinister.III.Trueorfalsestatement(10%)1.Kangaroo,emuandkoalaareuniqueanimalsofNewZealand.2.QueenElizabethIIistheheadofNewZealand.3.Australiaisdividedintosixstatesandtwoterritories.4.QueenElizabethIIistheQueenofAustralia.TheQueenisrepresentedby thePrimeMinisteratfederallevel.5.TheCommonwealthParliamentofAustraliacomprisetheQueen,theSenat e,andtheHouseofRepresentatives.6.TheQueenisrepresentedintheparliamentofAustraliabytheGovernor-General,whobyconventionactsontheadviceofthequeen.7.FromMarch2005toAugust2006,NewZealandtheonlycountryintheworldi nwhichallthehighestofficesinthelandhavebeenoccupiedsimultaneous lybywomen.8.NationalanthemofAustraliais“GodDefendAustralia”,whilethatofNewZealandis “AdvanceNewZealandFair.”9.ThepoliticalsystemofNewZealandisbaseduponaconstitutionalrepub licwithaparliamentarydemocracy10.ParliamentofNewZealandismadeupofonlyonehouse.IV.Matching(10%)ColumnA1.Liverpool2.Hull3.Sheffield4.Manchester5.Glasgow6.Londona.ThesteelmanufacturingcenterofBritain7.Birmingham8.Belfast9.EdinburghG.thelargestcityinScotland10.CardiffH.thecapitalofWalesColumnBA.thesteelmanufacturingcenterofBritainB.theformercenteroftextileindustryofBritainC.thefishingportinHumbersideD.thelargestcityinBritainE.thesecondlargestcityinBritainF.thedistrictofMerseysideI.ThecapitalofNorthernIrelandJ.thecapitalofScotlandV.Translation(10%)1.Anglo-SaxonHeptarchy2.APECmonMarket4.CrownCourt5.DoomsdayBook6.EU7.HighCourtofJustice8.RomanConquest9.stagflation10.tertiaryindustriesVI.Termexplanation(10%)1.theCabinet2.GloriousRevolution3.BritishIsles4.OliverCromwellVII.Questionsfordiscussion(30%)1.WhatweretheconsequencesoftheBritishIndustrialRevolution？2.What’syourideaabouttheecessityfortheUKtokeepthemonarchy(thequeenorth eking)?3.WhatarethenaturaladvantagesthathelptheUnitedKingdombecomeawor ldpower?《英语国家文化》参考答案和评分标准（C）I.MultipleChoice(20%)1.[A]2.[D]3.[A]4.[D]5.[D]6.[C]7.[C]8.[C]9.[B]10.[C]11.[C]12.[B] 13.[C]14.[D]15.[B]16.[D]17.[B]18.[A]19.[B]20.[D]II.Blankfilling(10%)1.ElizabethII,Charles2.ministers(primeminister)3.legislative4.m onarch(或queen或king或sovereign),lords,commons5.Mr.Speaker6.Prime7.importantIII.Trueo rfalsestatement(10%)1.F2.T3.T4.F5.T6.F7.T8.F9.F10.TIV.Matching(10%)1.f2.c3.a4.b5.g6.d7.e8.i9.j10.hV.Translation(10%)1.盎格鲁—萨克森七国2.亚太经济合作组织（亚太经合组织）3.共同市场4.王座法庭5.《英国地理图志》(《末日审判书》)6.欧洲联盟（欧盟）7.高等法院8.罗曼征服9.（经济）滞涨10.第三产业VI.Termexplanation(10%)1.theCabinet12(1)composedoftheheadsofthemostimportantdepartments+primeminist er(2)meetingregularly,workingingreatsecrecy,connectedwiththeprin cipleofcollectiveresponsibility2.GloriousRevolution(1)CharlesIIruledthecountrycruelly+theinterestsofthebourgeoisi ewasprovoked(2)In1688,thetwopartiesofthebourgeoisieunitedandstagedabloodle sscoupd’étatandputWilliamofOrangeonthethroneandformedanalliancewiththela ndowners.3.BritishIsles(1)ComposedofEngland,Scotland,WalesandNorthernIreland(2)Includingsmallislandaround4.OliverCromwell(1)ledtheparliamentaryarmyanddefeatedtheking(2)establishedthecommonwealth学海无涯(3)ruledthecountrycruellyVII.Questionsfordiscussion(30%)1.WhatweretheconsequencesoftheBritishIndustrialRevolution?(1)T heindustrialbourgeoisiegainedsupremacyinthe1840snotonlyintheeco nomicbutalsointhepoliticallifeofthecountry.(2)Productivitywasgr eatlyincreased.(3)Asaresultofthegrowthofindustry,populationwasmoreandmoreconc entratedintownsandcities.(4)Therapidgrowthofcapitalism,whilebringingenormouswealthtothe industrialbourgeoisie,causedmiseriesanddisastersamongtheworking people.(5)Asthecapitalistsintensifiedtheirexploitationoftheworkingcla ss,thelattertookactionagainstthebourgeoisgovernment.2.What’syourideaaboutthenecessityfortheUKtokeepthemonarchy(thequeenort heking)?本题为论述题，无现成答案，只要考生能够论述以下三点，就可给满分。
英美概况期末考题
Questions for the final examination (26items)American Beginnings1.What were the new and powerful social forces which led to the awakening ofEurope and the discovery of America?’p34The first new force was the development of capitalism; the second major force that brought about the modern development of Europe was the Renaissance, which marked a changing outlook on life; the third influential force was the Religious Reformation, a religious reform movement that started from Germany.2.What was the unique American phenomenon? How did it come into being? Doyou think it still exists in today’s American society?The unique American phenomenon is that, on the one hand, the English and other Europeans went to North America for seeking freedom. On the other hand, these very white people who were seeking and fighting for their own freedom deprived black Africans of their freedom.On July 30, 1619, the first meeting of an elected legislature, a representative assembly, was held in Virginia. A month later, still in Virginia, a Dutch ship brought in over 20 Negroes as servants for a term of years to make a start toward the enslavement of Africans within what was to be the American republic.T his phenomenon still exists in today’s American society, such as the racial discrimination.Until now, the black people still receive the unfair prejudice. However, the society in America is full of freedom, especially to the white people. They have a lot of rights in their life.3.In what way did Puritanism influence American culture?p37-38New England established another American tradition—a strain of often intolerant moralism. The Puritans believed that governments should enforce God's morality. They strictly punished drunks, adulterers, violators of the Sabbath and other religious believers different from themselves. Roger Williams, one of the Puritans who protested that the state should not interfere with religion, was driven out of Massachusetts. In 1635, he set up Rhode Island colony, which guaranteed religious freedom and the separation of church and state. The Puritans also have left rich cultural heritage to future Americans. The American values such as individualism, hard work, respect of education owe very much to the Puritan beliefs.4.In what way did the pattern of founding of Maryland influence American culture?In 1649, the Maryland Toleration Act, which assured freedom of worship to all who believed in Jesus Christ, was passed. Because the Protestant majority were capitalistic-minded people and refused to carry out the feudal plan, and because the wilderness of North America provided plenty of land while labor was scarce, Maryland like other colonies in North America, followed a capitalist development road, that is to say, America was on a capitalist road.The Political System1.What is a federal system? P52A federal system is one in which power is shared between a central authority and its constituent parts, with some rights reserved to each. The Constitution specifiedexactly what power the central government had and which power was reserved for the states.2.How did the delegates from the early British colonies design the constitution?In the course of the Convention, the delegates designed a new form of governme nt for the United States.The plan for the government was written in very simple language in document call ed the Constitution of the United States.The Constitution set up a federal system with a strong central government.In writing the constitution ,the delegates deal with two fears shared by most A mericans.3.What were the two main fears shared by Americans while writing the constitutionand how did they deal with them?p52-53One fear was that one person or group, including the majority, might become too powerful or be able to seize control the country and create a tyranny. To guard agai nst this possibility, the delegates set up a government consisting of three parts, or branches, the executive, the legislative and the judicial. Each branch has a way of counteracting and limiting any wrongful action by another branch.Another fear was that the new central government might weaken or take away the power of the state government to run their own affairs. To deal with this the Consti tution specified exactly what power the central government had and which power wa s reserved for the state. The state governments were allowed to run their own governments as they wished, provided that their governments were republicans. 4.What is the Executive Branch?P54The chief executive of the United State is the president, who, together with th e vice president, is elected to a four-year term. Under a Constitutional Amendment passed in 1951, a president can be elected to only two terms. Except for the right o f succession to the presidency, the vice president’s only constitution duties are to s erve as the presiding officer of the Senate; the vice president may vote in the Sena te only in the event of a tie.5.What is the Bill of Rights? Why is it necessary to write the Bill of Rightsexplicitly into the US Constitution?It’s another basic foundation in Americans’ constitution. It consists of 10 very short paragraphs which guarantee freedom and individual rights and forbid interference with lives of individuals by the government. Each paragraph is an amendment to the original Constitution.The Bill of Rights and subsequent constitutional amendments guarantee the American people the fullest possible opportunity to enjoy fundamental human rights.In the Bill of Rights, Americans are guaranteed freedom of religion, of speech a nd of the press.They have a right to assemble in public places, to protest government actions, and to demand change.They have the right to own weapons if they wish.Because of the Bill of rights, either police nor soldiers can stop and search a person without good reason. They also cannot search a person’s home without a legal permission from a court.Economy1.What is the current economic position of America in the world?2.What are the five stages of industrial development?p65-67One key development was the introduction of the factory system;A second deve lopment was the "American system"of mass production;A third development was the application of new technologies to industrial tasks;A fourth development was the em ergency of new forms of business organization;Finally,the construction of railroads began,marking the start of a new era for the United States.3.What are the roots of affluence in America?P69Bountiful resources,the geographical size of the country and population trends h ave all contributed to these successes.Religious, social and political traditions;the in stitutional structures of government and business;and the courage,hard work and de termination of countless entrepreneurs and workers have also played a part.4.What are the main sectors of industry in America? Name some of the importantcities representing each sector.Manufacturing : ChicagoAviation : Dallas and HoustonCar industry : DetroitHigh tech industry : Los Angeles and San FranscicoService industries. New York and SeattleHeavy Industry : PittsburghEducation1.How did America change the way of education to teach the children to be worldcitizens? P122In 1954, the Supreme Court ruled that the practice of segregating blacks into separate schools was unconstitutional. Between 1950 and 1960, more new knowledge was developed than in all of the world’s history before 1950.Schools were asked not only to teach this new information, but to help students ask their own questions about it. More science courses were added to the curriculum.The federal government began to spend millions for the development of new science curricula and for training teachers to use them.2.How do Americans apply for a university? p1233.What are the categories of higher institutions in America? p123The university, the four-year undergraduate institution, the technical training institution, the two-year, or community college4.What factors that determine the best prestige of a university?P124T he factors determine whether an institution is prestigious are quality of teaching f aculty , quality of research facilities ,amount of funding available for libraries ,speci al programs and the competence and the number of applicants for admission and how selective the institution can be in choosing its students.5.How to select a college or a university? Name all the members of the Ivy League.When selecting a college or a university , you should take the following factors in to account :<1>a school’s entrance requirements (and its fees)<2>degrees the school offer and how long it takes to earn<3>curricula a college or university offers and req uirements for earning a degree <4> public institution or private one .Brown University, Columbia University, Cornell University, Dartmouth College,Harvard University, Princeton University, the University of Pennsylvania, and Yale University.6.Explain why Americans respect education.In America, education is a national concern, a state responsibility and a local function.7.What degrees do undergraduate colleges and graduate schools offer?undergraduate colleges:bachelor’s degreegraduate schools: master’s or a doctoral’s degree8.What are the functions of the boards of education?They make policies for schools at the state and district level, also, make decisions about the school curriculum, teacher standards and certification, and the overall measurement of student progress.American Way of Life1.What are the stereotypes about the USA?<1>All Americans are rich. <2>American society is violent. <3>American familiesare in disarray . <4>Americans are all religious . <5>Americans are optimistic.2.What are the metaphors that have been used as the national self-images and why didthey lose their credibility?<1>“the melting pot" because its anglophilic values no longer held for a clear majority of the people.<2>"salad bowl " because the characteristics of different culture quickly dec ay .<3> "mosaic " because an image for a nation should imply changes of any one of its co mponents . But the mosaic ,once made ,never change.<4>"kaleidoscope" because the k aleidoscopic changes too problematically ,so it is difficult to make people take it seriou sly.4.Why is the Internet an up-to-date metaphor used to encapsulate the USA?Because the Internet has several characteristics that seem consonant with the USAtoday . <1>The WWW has no center. <2>No one is reliably in charge . <3>Each individual must take the responsibility for what he or she takes seriously.All of them important features of the American way of life .4.Why is America said to be a society of violence? What is the NRA?About 25% of Americans own a gun, which is often associated with high crime rate and the threat of violence is often played up by the news media.The NRA, which is short for the National Rifle Association, is a US private organization that has mad great efforts to protect the right of US citizens to freely own and use guns.5.What are the reasons for the changing marriage pattern in the USA? What is its effect on USA way of life? P170Since the introduction of “no-fault”divorce laws in the late 1970s, America’s divorce rate has been about 50%. Since most divorced people remarry at some point, many families blend together children from different parents. Somewhat less than half of American children today are raised with and by their birth-parents.The effect of these shifting marriage patterns is to diminish the authority of parents in relation to their children. Traditional values do not transmit readily from one generation to the next, reducing the chances for a national consensus on public issues.。
《英美国家概况》考试题
《英语国家文化》期末考试试I。
Multiple Choice (20％)1。
The highest mountain peak in Britain is called ______ __.［A] Ben Nevis［B］Cross Fell［C］Snowdon[D] Scafell2。
The Lake District is well-known for________。
[A］its wild and beautiful scenery［B] its varied lakes［C］the lake Poets[D] all of the above three3。
Which of the following is NOT the feature of Br itish climate？［A] Coldness。
［B] More rainy days.［C］Changeability .[D］More fogs。
4。
The established church of Britain is ________。
［A］The Church of Scotland［B] Free churches[C］The United Reformed Church[D］The Church of England5.Easter is kept，commemorating the ________of Jesus Christ.［A］coming[B] birth[C] death［D］resurrection6.Under Mrs。
Thatcher，British economy in 1980s gradu ally ____C__[A］declined［B］recessed[C］recovered［D] went down7.Tertiary industry does NOT include ________.[A］retailing[B］insurance［C] electronics[D］banking8.In Britain, government cannot spend any money without the permission of ________.［A］the Queen[B] the Prime Minister[C] the House of Commons［D] the House of Lords9。
2010-11英美概况期末复习题与答案
Understanding the United StatesChapter 1 A General SurveyI. Gap-filling1. The United States covers the central part of _h______.2. _______ is the capital and economic center of the United States.3. The lowest point of the US is _______.4. _______ is the national flower of the US.5. _______ is the least populous state of the US.6. The United States is a _______ consisting of _______states.7. In _______, the United States declared its independence from _______.8. The official language of the US is _______, and the second most spoken language is _______. _______ is an official language in the state of Hawaii.9. Religiously, most Americans are _______; among them 52% are ______ and 24% ______.10. _______ is the residence of the President of the United States, and the Capitol Hill is home to _______. II. Terms Explanation11. Uncle Sam12. Independence DayIII. Answer the Following Questions13. What is the name of the national anthem of the United States?14. Why was Rose taken as the national flower of the US?15. Why did Americans choose bald eagle as their national bird?Chapter 2 Geography and HistoryA．GeographyI. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for true and “F” for false in the space provided.___1. The United States is the world’s second most populous country.___2. Hawaii is an island state of the United States.Ⅱ. Multiple Choices3. Which is the tallest mountain in the United States?A. Mount Whitney.B. Mount McKinley.C. Rocky Mountains.D. The Sawatch Mountains.4. Which city is the most populous city in the United States?A. Washington D.C.B. Los Angeles .C. New York City.D. Philadelphia.III. Gap-filling5. ______ is known as the Father of Waters in the U.S6. _____ got i ts nickname “Hog Butcher to the World” for its once prosperous sla ughterhouses.IV. Short Answer Questions7. Into which large body of water does the Mississippi River flow?8. Which river forms a long border between the United States and Mexico?9. Which river forms part of the boundary between Canada and the United States?10. Which one of the five lake s is entirely in the United States?B．HistoryI. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for true and “F” for false i n the space provided.___1. The American first Thanksgiving Day was celebrated on the last Thursday in November of 1620.___2.The fortune seekers who rushed to California to look for gold in 1849 were known as Forty-Niners.___3.The chief and immediate cause of the war was slavery.Ⅱ. Multiple Choices4. New York used to be known as _____?A. New HampshireB. New JerseyC. New NetherlandsD. New England5. During the Civil War Lincoln issued the ____, which declared the abolition of slavery.A. Homestead BillB. Emancipation ProclamationC.Gettysburg AddressD. Both A and B6. The first American President from the Republic Party is _____.A. Abraham LincolnB. Andrew JohnsonC. Thomas JeffersonD. George WashingtonChapter 3 Political systemI. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for true and “F” for false in the space provided.__ 1. Today any citizen can vote.__ 2. The number of senators from each state depends on the size of the state's population.___3. The United States has a federal system, in which power is shared between national government and state government.___4.The Congress can impeach the president accused of a serious crime, but so far, it has never removed a president from office.___5. It is only customary that president runs more than twice.Ⅱ. Multiple choices6. The basic function of a government is ___.A. to provide stabilityB. to make laws and enforce lawsC. to provide many services, such as schools, parks, sewage systems, and streets and highwaysD. to regulate, or control, activities such as trade and transportation7. The Constitution divides the government into three branches. Which one of these is not a branch?A. LegislativeB. ExecutiveC. JudicialD. Commercial8. In 1803 United States President ______ paid Napoleon Bonaparte of France $15 million for about 2.1 million sq km of land west of the Mississippi River.A. Benjamin FranklinB. John AdamsC. Thomas JeffersonD. George Washington9. Presidents cannot ______.A. serves as commander in chief of the country’s mili tary forcesB. declare warC. appoint most of the country’s judgesD. issue rules, regulations and instructionsⅢⅢ. Match each of the presidents in the left column with the relevant description in the right columnChapter 4 Society and CultureI. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for true and “F” for false in the space provided.___1. In the United States the dominant culture group is African American.___2. Spanish is spoken as a first of second language by Americans.___3. The Amish are friendly and open-minded people who always welcome different ideas from the outside. ___4. Three Asian traditions best explain the success of Asian-Americans: education, hard work, and family. Education is considered the key to success.EducationI. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for true and “F” for false in the space provided.___1. The Boston Latin School and Harvard College were the first two schools set up in the United States.___2. The Federal government has power to make laws in the field of education; it can give both financial help and order.___3. Many of the top universities in the U.S. are private universities. However, Harvard University and Yale University, are public ones.___4. Yale University began to admit women students ever since it set up in 1701.II. Multiple Choices5. Elementary and secondary education covers ______years.A. 8B. 9C. 10D. 126. Higher education in the United States began with the founding of Harvard College in the _____century.A. 16thB.17thC.18thD.19th7. Which of the following American presidents was not the graduate from Harvard University?A. John F. KennedyB. George W. BushC. FranklinD. Roosevelt D. Bill ClintonIII. Match the following items. There are extra items in the right columnⅣ. Fill in the Blanks3. Higher education in the United States began with the founding of _______ in 1636.4. On Halloween, children dress in costumes and go from house to house asking for candy by saying “_______! .”5. American colleges and universities offer three main categories of degrees: ______, master, and doctorate or Ph.D.Ⅴ. Answer the following Questions1.Can you name five famous universities in the United States?SportsI. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for true and “F” for false in the space provided.___1. Baseball has been called America’s national pastime. And it’s also the most popular team sport in Japan, Cuba, and other countries.___2. In the United States, most high schools and colleges have basketball programs. At the end of the season, the best teams compete only in national tournaments.___3. Fall is football season in the United States. After the football season ends, the best teams meet in bowl games.Holidays and Special DaysI. Multiple Choices4. In late September 1621 in order to celebrate________, the Pilgrims wanted to thank God and the Native Indian.A. their first harvestB. settlement in the new landC. their friendship with the native IndiansD. the end of severe winter5. Each year huge crowds of people celebrate New Year’s Eve in _________ in New York City.A. The Fifth AvenueB. The BroadwayC. Times SquareD. The Wall Street6. The custom of exchanging gifts at Christmas comes from the__________.A. ancient GreekB. middle agesC. the Queen Victorian periodD. ancient Romans7. Halloween is a holiday celebrated in most areas of North America and in some areas of __________.A. Eastern EuropeB. Western EuropeC. Northern EuropeD. Southern EuropeIII. Match the following items. There are extra items in the right columnUnderstanding UKA General Survey of UKI. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for true and “F” for false in the space provided.___1. The official name of UK is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.___2. The longest river in Britain is River Thames.___3. On the island of Great Britain, there are four political divisions—England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland. ___4. The United Kingdom consist of two main islands—Great Britain and Ireland.II. Multiple Choices5. The flag of the United Kingdom, known as the Union Jack, is made up of _____ crosses.A. one B two C. three D. four6. Which flower is symbol of England?A. ThistleB. ShamrockC. DaffodilD. Rose7. About two thirds of ____is covered by the Highlands.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northern IrelandIII. Match each of the following capitals with its islandGeography & History of UKGeographyI. Decide whether the f ollowing statements are true or false. Write “T” for true and “F” for false in the space provided.___1.The official name of UK is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.___2.The longest river in Britain is River Thames.___3.On the island of Great Britain, there are four political divisions—England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland ___4.The UK lies in the North Atlantic Ocean off the north coast of Europe.___5.British recorded history begins with the Norman invasion.___ 6.To the west of Great Britain is the second largest island known as Scotland.___7.London, the capital of the UK, is situated on the Severn River near its mouth.___8. There are three political divisions on the island of Great Britain. They are England，Scotland and Wales.____9. Prime Minister is the leader of the British government.II. Multiple Choices10. The second largest city in England, ____ , is a metropolitan district and an industrial and manufacturing city.A. EdinburghB. BelfastC. GlasgowD. Birmingham11. Which is the largest city in Scotland?A. CardiffB. EdinburghC. GlasgowD. Manchester12.The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. The _____ has very little power.A. queenB. monarchC. prime ministerD. kingIII. Gap-filling13. The total area of Britain is about____ square kilometers.14. Britain is separated from the European continent by ______ and_____________.15. The capital of the Scotland is (1) ________, the capital of Wales is___ and the capital of Northern Ireland is (2) ________.16.________ is the largest and most populous of the three political divisions on the island of Great Britain.17. The first steam engine was devised by Thomas Newcomer at the end of the 17th century, and the Scottish inventor ________ modified and improved the design in 1765.Education of UKI. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for true and “F” for false in the space provided._____1. Education in Britain is compulsory for children aged from 5 to 16._____2. Like all British universities, Buckingham University is also partially funded by central government grants._____3.Public schools are mainly financed by fees paid by parents._____4. Boarding private schools, such as Eton College, Harrow School are open to all in Britain and a large percentage of population can attend the schools.II. Multiple Choices5. Which one is not considered as the most famous boarding private schools in Britain?A. Eton CollegeB. Harrow SchoolC. Woodland Junior SchoolD. Rugby School6. Normally, it will take _______ years to get an undergraduate degreeA. 3B. 4C. 5D. 27. Which of the following statements is not true about the comprehensive schools?A. They are only taken students with good academic abilities.B. They provide a large range of secondary education.C. they are founded in 1960s and 1970s.D. Most grammar schools were replaced by comprehensive schools.III. Match the following itemsUnderstanding South AfricaI. Decide whether t he following statements are true or false. Write “T” for true and “F” for false in the space provided.___1. Johannesburg is the largest city and the business centre of South Africa.___2. Since South Africa is a geographically varied country, there is no difficulty in supporting the increasing water usage.___3. The national, provincial and local levels of government all have legislative and executive power in their own spheres.II. Multiple Choices4. Which country is enclosed completely by South Africa?A. BotswanaB. NamibiaC. ZimbabweD. Lesotho5. Which of the following is the highest visual symbol of South Africa？A. The springbok.B. The protea.C. The Coat of ArmsD. The blue crane.Key to Understanding the United StatesChapter 1 A General SurveyI. Gap-filling1. The United States covers the central part of North America.2. Washington, D.C. is the capital and economic center of the United States.3. The lowest point of the US is Death Valley.4. Rose is the national flower of the US.5. Wyoming is the least populous state of the US.6. The United States is a federal republic consisting of 50 states.7. In 1776, the United States declared its independence from Great Britain.8. The official language of the US is English, and the second most spoken language is Spanish. Hawaiianis an official language in the state of Hawaii.9. Religiously, most Americans are Christian; among them 52% are Protestant and 24% Roman Catholic.10. The White House is the residence of the President of the United States, and the Capitol Hill is hometo American Congress.II. Terms Explanation11. Uncle SamIt is the nickname of the US, usually a cartoon figure dressed in striped pants, a long tailcoat, a tall hat covered with stars and stripes, and a beard. This image came from a meat provider named Samuel Wilson during the war of 1812. The American Congress officially recognized Uncle Sam as a national symbol in 1961.12. Independence DayIt is a legal holiday of the US (on July 4). On July 4, 1776, The Declaration of Independence announced that the thirteen North American colonies would be the thirteen United States of America, free and independent of Great Britain.III. Answer the Following Questions13. What is the name of the national anthem of the United States?“The Star-Spangled Banner” is the national anthem of the United States. It was composed by Francis Scott Key in 1814. The United States Congress made the “Star-Spangled Banner” the national anthem of the United States in 1931.14. Why was Rose taken as the national flower of the US?The American people hold the rose dear as the symbol of life and love and devotion, of beauty and eternity, so President Reagan signed Proclamation in 1986 that the Rose is named as the National Floral Emblem of the United States of America.15. Why did Americans choose bald eagle as their national bird?The bald eagle was chosen in 1782 as the emblem of the US, because of its long life, great strength and majestic looks, and also because it was then believed to exist only on this continent.Chapter 2 Geography and HistoryA．GeographyI. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for true and “F” for falsein the space provided.1. The United States is the world’s second most populous country. F (third, after China and India)2. Hawaii is an island state of the United States. TⅡ. Multiple Choices3. Which is the tallest mountain in the United States?A. Mount Whitney.B. Mount McKinley.C. Rocky Mountains.D. The Sawatch Mountains.4. Which city is the most populous city in the United States?A. Washington D.C.B. Los Angeles .C. New York City.D. Philadelphia.III. Gap-filling5. The Mississippi River is known as the Father of Waters in the U.S6. Chicago got its nickname “Hog Butcher to the World” for its once prosperous sla ughterhouses.IV. Short Answer Questions7. Into which large body of water does the Mississippi River flow?It flows into the Gulf of Mexico.8. Which river forms a long border between the United States and Mexico? The Rio Grande River.9. Which river forms part of the boundary between Canada and the United States? The St. Laurence River10. Which one of the five lake s is entirely in the United States? Lake MichiganB．HistoryI. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T”for true and “F” for false in the space provided.___1. The American first Thanksgiving Day was celebrated on the last Thursday in November of 1620.F (1621)___2.The fortune seekers who rushed to California to look for gold in 1849 were known as Forty-Niners. T___3.The chief and immediate cause of the war was slavery. TⅡ. Multiple Choices4. New York used to be known as _____?A. New HampshireB. New JerseyC. New NetherlandsD. New England5. During the Civil War Lincoln issued the ____, which declared the abolition of slavery.A. Homestead BillB. Emancipation ProclamationC.Gettysburg AddressD. Both A and B6. The first American President from the Republic Party is _____.A. Abraham LincolnB. Andrew JohnsonC. Thomas JeffersonD. George WashingtonChapter 3 Political SystemI. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for true and “F” for false in the space provided.__ 1. Today any citizen can vote. F__ 2. The number of senators from each state depends on the size of the state's population. F___3. The United States has a federal system, in which power is shared between national government and state government. T___4.The Congress can impeach the president accused of a serious crime, but so far,it has never removed a president from office. T___5. It is only customary that president runs more than twice. FⅡ. Multiple choices6. The basic function of a government is ___.A. to provide stabilityB. to make laws and enforce lawsC. to provide many services, such as schools, parks, sewage systems, and streets and highwaysD. to regulate, or control, activities such as trade and transportation7. The Constitution divides the government into three branches. Which one of these is not a branch?A. LegislativeB. ExecutiveC. JudicialD. Commercial8. In 1803 United States President ______ paid Napoleon Bonaparte of France $15 million for about 2.1 million sq km of land west of the Mississippi River.A. Benjamin FranklinB. John AdamsC. Thomas JeffersonD. George Washington9. Presidents cannot ______.A. serves as commander in chief of the country’s military forcesB. declare warC. appoint most of the country’s judgesD. issue rules, regulations and instructionsⅢ. Match the branch in the left column with its major function in the right column10-c 11-a 12-bⅢ. Match each of the presidents in the left column with the relevant description in the rightChapter 4 Society and CultureI. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for true and “F” for false in the space provided.___1. In the United States the dominant culture group is African American. F___2. Spanish is spoken as a first of second language by Americans. T___3. The Amish are friendly and open-minded people who always welcome different ideas from the outside. F___4. Three Asian traditions best explain the success of Asian-Americans: education, hard work, and family. Education is considered the key to success. TIII. Match the following items. There are extra items in the right column.EducationI. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for true and “F” for falsein the space provided.___1. The Boston Latin School and Harvard College were the first two schools set up in the United States. T___2. The Federal government has power to make laws in the field of education; it can give both financial help and order .F___3. Many of the top universities in the U.S. are private universities. However, Harvard University and Yale University, are public ones. F___4. Yale University began to admit women students ever since it set up in 1701. F(The Yale University began admitting women students at the graduate level in 1869, and as undergraduates in 1969.)II. Multiple Choices5. Elementary and secondary education covers ______years.A. 8B. 9C.10D. 126. Higher education in the United States began with the founding of Harvard College in the_____century.A. 16thB.17thC.18thD.19th7. Which of the following American presidents was not the graduate from Harvard University?A. John F. KennedyB. George W. BushC. FranklinD. Roosevelt D. Bill ClintonIII. Match the following items. There are extra items in the right columnⅣ. Fill in the Blanks11. Higher education in the United States began with the founding of Harvard College in 1636.12. On Halloween, children dress in costumes and go from house to house asking for candy by saying “Trick or Treat! .”13. American colleges and universities offer three main categories of degrees: bachelor, master, and doctorate or Ph.D.Ⅴ. Answer the following Questions14. Can you name five famous universities in the United States? (open)SportsI. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for true and “F” for false in the space provided.___1. Baseball has been called America’s national pastime. And it’s also the most popular team sport in Japan, Cuba, and other countries. T___2. In the United States, most high schools and colleges have basketball programs. At the end of the season, the best teams compete only in national tournaments. F___3. Fall is football season in the United States. After the football season ends, the best teams meet in bowl games. THolidays and Special DaysI. Multiple Choices4. In late September 1621 in order to celebrate________, the Pilgrims wanted to thank God and the Native Indian.A. their first harvestB. settlement in the new landC. their friendship with the native IndiansD. the end of severe winter5. Each year huge crowds of people celebrate New Year’s Eve in _________ in New York City.A. The Fifth AvenueB. The BroadwayC. Times SquareD. The Wall Street6. The custom of exchanging gifts at Christmas comes from the__________.A. ancient GreekB. middle agesC. the Queen Victorian periodD. ancient Romans7. Halloween is a holiday celebrated in most areas of North America and in some areas of __________.A. Eastern EuropeB. Western EuropeC. Northern EuropeD. Southern EuropeIII. Match the following items. There are extra items in the right columnKey to Understanding UKA General Survey of UKI. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for true and “F” for false in the space provided.___1. The official name of UK is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. T___2. The longest river in Britain is River Thames. F___3. On the island of Great Britain, there are three political divisions—England, Scotland and Wales. T___4. The United Kingdom consist of two main islands—Great Britain and Ireland. TII. Multiple Choices5. The flag of the United Kingdom, known as the Union Jack, is made up of _____ crosses.A. oneB. twoC. threeD. four6. Which flower is symbol of England?A. ThistleB. ShamrockC. DaffodilD. Rose7. About two thirds of ____is covered by the Highlands.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northern IrelandIII. Match each of the following capitals with its island8- c 9- b 10-aGeography & History of UKGeographyI. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for true and “F” for false in the space provided.___1.The official name of UK is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. T___2.The longest river in Britain is River Thames. F___3.On the island of Great Britain, there are four political divisions—England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland T___4.The UK lies in the North Atlantic Ocean off the north coast of Europe. T___5.British recorded history begins with the Norman invasion. F___ 6.To the west of Great Britain is the second largest island known as Scotland. F___7.London, the capital of the UK, is situated on the Severn River near its mouth. F___8. There are three political divisions on the island of Great Britain. They are England，Scotland and Wales. T____9. Prime Minister is the leader of the British government. TII. Multiple Choices10. The second largest city in England, _____, is a metropolitan district and an industrial and manufacturing city.A. EdinburghB. BelfastC. GlasgowD. Birmingham11. Which is the largest city in Scotland?A. CardiffB. EdinburghC. GlasgowD. Manchester12.The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. The _____ has very little power.A. queenB. monarchC. prime ministerD. kingIII. Gap-filling13. The total area of Britain is about 244,110 square kilometers.14 Britain is separated from the European continent by North Sea, Strait of Dover and English Channel...15.The capital of the Scotland is 1) Edinburgh, the capital of Wales is 2)Cardiff and the capital of Northern Ireland is 3)Belfast.16.England is the largest and most populous of the three political divisions on the island of Great Britain.17. The first steam engine was devised by Thomas Newcomer at the end of the 17th century, and the Scottish inventor James Watt modified and improved the design in 1765.Education of UKI. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for true and “F” for fa lse in the space provided._____1. Education in Britain is compulsory for children aged from 5 to 16. T_____2. Like all British universities, Buckingham University is also partially funded by central government grants. F_____3.Public schools are mainly financed by fees paid by parents. T_____4. Boarding private schools, such as Eton College, Harrow School are open to all in Britain and a large percentage of population can attend the schools. FII. Multiple Choices5. Which one is not considered as the most famous boarding private schools in Britain?A. Eton CollegeB. Harrow SchoolC. Woodland Junior SchoolD. Rugby School6. Normally, it will take _______ years to get an undergraduate degreeA. 3B. 4C. 5D. 27. Which of the following statements is not true about the comprehensive schools?A. They are only taken students with good academic abilities.B. They provide a large range of secondary education.C. they are founded in 1960s and 1970s.D. Most grammar schools were replaced by comprehensive schools.III. Match the following itemsUnderstanding South AfricaUnderstanding South AfricaI. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for true and “F” for false in the space provided._T_1. Johannesburg is the largest city and the business centre of South Africa._F_2. Since South Africa is a geographically varied country, there is no difficulty in supporting the increasing water usage.。
英美概况期末模拟2及其答案
Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question four suggested answers A，B，C and D are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statement or answers the question：（20 points）1. The Bill of Rights is the term for the first amendments to the Constitution.a. ten B. eleven c. twelve d. thirteen2. The President of the United States is head of the branch.a. legislativeb. executivec. judiciald. party3. The Emancipation Proclamation was issued by during the Civil War.a. George Washingtonb. Abraham Lincolnc. Thomas Jeffersond. Franklin Roosevelt4. The 1920s in the United States has been described as a period of .a. cultural revivalb. loss of purposec. development in science and technologyd. material success and spiritual frustration5. It was who first called Native Americans “Indians”.a. Lincolnb. Columbusc. Washingtond. Jefferson6. The United States did not join the Second World War directly untila. Great Depressionb. Pearl Harbor incidentc. the Japanese attack on Chinad. the German attack on Poland7. When we speak of “father of waters” or “old man river”，we are referring to .a. the Colorado River b . the Ohio Riverc. the Missouri Riverd. the Mississippi River8. Celts were different groups of ancient people who came originally from .a. Franceb. Denmarkc. Irelandd. Germany9. The Declaration of Independence was adopted by the Continental Congress on July 4，.a. First/1774b. First /1776c. Second/1774d. Second/177610. The British recorded history begins with .a. the arrival and settlement of Celtsb. the Norman Conquestc. Roman invasiond. Viking and Danish invasions11. The predecessor of the English parliament is .a. the Great councilb. the Witanc. the House of Plantagenetd. Magna Carta12. Civil Rights Movement happened in .a. the 1960sb. the 1950sc. the 1940sd. the 1930s13. The ，the backbone of the North American continent，is also known as the Continental Divide.a. Appalachiansb. Rockiesc. Blue Ridge Mountainsd. Great Smokies14. To help the British East India Company out of difficulty，the British government allowed the company to sell at a lower price in the colonies through its own people.a. coffeeb. spicec. silkd. tea15. About half of the Britain’s trade is with .a. the United Statesb. South-east Asiac. the ECd. the Latin America16. The House of Commons consists of Members of Parliament.a. 651b. 1，200c. 1，198d. 76317. Most Americans lived in .a. city areasb. countrysidec. mountain areasd. river valleys18. The British Parliament has a maximum duration of years.a. fourb. sixc. eightd. five19. Of the five Great Lakes on the border between Canada and the United States，is the only one entirely in the U. S.a. Lake Huronb. Lake Ontarioc. Lake Michigand. Lake Erie20. The Chartist Movement was officially launched at a great meeting in Birmingham in ，with the aim of pressing the Parliament to accept the People’s Charter.a. 1836b. 1838c. 1840d. 1842二.是非题Read the following statements carefully and decide if each of them is True or False：（20 points）（）1. The Articles of Confederation is the oldest written constitution in the world.（）2. America is a name given by Columbus.（）3. The United Kingdom is a federal，not a unitary state.（）4. The Anglo-Saxon Conquest was important in English history because it laid the foundation on which the English nation was to be formed.（）5. To the west of Great Britain is the second largest island known as Scotland.（）6. The checks and balance system in America was based on division of power.（）7. London，the capital of the UK，is situated on the Severn River near its mouth.（）8. The Great Charter was signed in 1215 by King John.（）9. James I was the king who was executed during the English Bourgeois Revolution.（）10. The Chartist Movement finally succeeded and it constituted a glorious page in the history of the workers’ struggle for liberation.（）11. Grammar schools emphasize academic studies and teach a wide range of subjects.（）12. Members of Parliament （MPs）are those who inherit the noble titles.（）13. British people chose Franklin Roosevelt as Prime Minister in 1940 when the W.W. II broke out.（）14. Henry VII was responsible for the founding the Church of England.（）15. The destruction of the Spanish Armada not only established the position of England as a major sea power but also paved the way for its foreign expansion.（）16. It was the Angles who gave their name to England and the English people.（）17. The first successful English colony in North America was planted in Virginia in 1620.（）18. The Wars of the Roses affected the ordinary people very much.（）19. The Queen formally appoints all government office holders except the Prime Minister.（）20. The Hundred Year’s War refers to the intermittent war between France and England that lasted from 1337 to 1453.三. 名词解释Explain the following terms in English：（20 points）1. The Great Depression2. Industrial Revolution3. Melting Pot4. Black Death5. American Constitution四. 简答题Give an one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. （10 points）1. When was the Second War with England in American history？2. What are the two major political parties in Britain？3. What is the general climate in Britain？4. Which American president was involved in Watergate Affair？5. What is the most important river in Britain？五.论述题Write between 100-150 words on the following topic：（10 points）Norman Conquest and its influence？Key to Model 1一.1~5 abbdb 6~10 bdddc 11~15 aabdc 16~20aadcb二.1~5 FFFTF 6~10 TFTFF 11~15 TFFFT 16~20TFFFT三.1.On October 24，1929，the American stock market crashed. Billions of dollars of paper profits were wiped out within a few hours. This led to a long economic depression.2. The Industrial Revolution refers to the mechanization of industry and the consequences in social and economic organization in Britain in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Britain was the first country to industrialize. The Industrial Revolution in Britain first began in the textile industry.3. Since the United States is a nation of many ethnic groups，it is also known as a “melting pot，” meaning immigrants from different nations all over the world have mixed to make up the American nation.4. Black Death was the modern name given to the deadly bubonic plague，an epidemic disease spread by rat fleas. It spread through Europe in the 14th century. It swept through England in the summer of 1348 without warning. It killed many people. As a result of the plague，much land was left untended and there was a terrible shortage of labor.5. The Constitution of the United States is the basic instrument of American government and the supreme law of the land. It is the oldest written constitution in the world. It was drawn up in 1787 and went into effect in 1789. It founded federalism and introduced checks and balances into government for the first time in history.四.1. The Second War between America and England was during 1812~1814.2. The two major political parties in Britain are Conservative Party and Labor Party.3. Britain enjoys maritime climate.4. Richard Nixon was involved in Watergate Scandal.5. The most important river in Britain is Thames River.五.In 1066 the army of William，Duke of Normandy，defeated King Harold’s troops. He was crowned King of England. He then built a string of defense castle ensure his military control of the whole country. This is the Norman Conquest in British history. After the Norman Conquest，William the Conqueror confiscated almost all the land and gave it to his Norman followers. He replaced the weak Saxon rule with a strong Norman government. So the feudal system was completely established，England. Relations with the Continent were opened. The civilization and commerce were extended. Norman-French culture，language，manners，and architecture ere introduced.友情提示：部分文档来自网络整理，供您参考！文档可复制、编辑，期待您的好评与关注！。
英美概况》期末考试试卷附答案
英美概况》期末考试试卷附答案XXX1.The total area of the U.K。
is 244,110 square kilometers.2.England occupies the southern n of the U.K.3.The most important part of the U.K。
in XXX.4.XXX and the XXX-estuary.5.XXX 16th century.6.By the Act of n of 1707.XXX as the Kingdom of Britain.7.graphically。
XXX 14 provinces.8.Mt。
Ben XXX.9.XXX.10.t hills lie along the border een XXX。
In terms of the total area。
the U.K。
covers 244,110 square XXX of the U.K。
and is the most important part of the U.K。
in XXX and the Dee-estuary。
and was XXX in the 16th century。
The Act of n of 1707 XXX to form the Kingdom of XXX。
Britaincan be divided into 14 provinces。
and Mt。
Ben XXX。
and the XXX along the border een XXX.A。
XXXThe Great Cordillera Range XXX in the Western part of America.22.The Mississippi River flows into the _____.A。
Atlantic OceanB。
Pacific OceanC。
大专英美概况试题及答案
大专英美概况试题及答案1. 英国的首都是哪个城市？A. 纽约B. 伦敦C. 悉尼D. 巴黎答案：B2. 美国的独立日是哪一天？A. 7月4日B. 7月14日C. 7月1日D. 7月7日答案：A3. 英国的官方语言是什么？A. 法语B. 德语C. 英语D. 西班牙语答案：C4. 美国的总统任期是多久？A. 4年B. 5年C. 6年D. 8年答案：A5. 英国的货币单位是什么？A. 美元B. 欧元C. 英镑D. 日元答案：C6. 美国的国旗被称为什么？A. 星条旗B. 红白蓝旗C. 联合杰克D. 红白旗答案：A7. 英国的哪个城市是世界著名的金融中心？A. 纽约B. 伦敦C. 巴黎D. 法兰克福答案：B8. 美国的国土面积在世界上排名第几？A. 第一B. 第二C. 第三D. 第四答案：C9. 英国的哪个地区是著名的工业革命发源地？A. 伦敦B. 曼彻斯特C. 利物浦D. 伯明翰答案：B10. 美国的哪个州是美国人口最多的州？A. 加利福尼亚州B. 德克萨斯州C. 纽约州D. 佛罗里达州答案：A11. 英国的哪个大学是世界上最古老的大学之一？A. 牛津大学B. 剑桥大学C. 哈佛大学D. 耶鲁大学答案：A12. 美国的哪个城市被誉为“天使之城”？A. 洛杉矶B. 纽约C. 芝加哥D. 旧金山答案：A13. 英国的哪个历史事件标志着现代议会制度的诞生？A. 光荣革命B. 工业革命C. 玫瑰战争D. 诺曼征服答案：A14. 美国的哪个总统被认为是最伟大的总统之一？A. 乔治·华盛顿B. 亚伯拉罕·林肯C. 富兰克林·德拉诺·罗斯福D. 约翰·肯尼迪答案：B15. 英国的哪个历史时期是文艺复兴时期？A. 都铎时期B. 维多利亚时期C. 罗马时期D. 诺曼时期答案：A。
英美概况期末考试考题
美国的地理气候：美国本土位于北温带，介于北纬25度至49度之间，大部分地区属温带和亚热带，气候和降水比较适宜，降水与地下水均十分丰富，有利于工农业生产的发展，可谓得天独厚。
仅佛罗里达半岛南端属热带；阿拉斯加州位于北纬60至70度之间，属北极圈内的寒冷气候区；夏威夷州位于北回归线以南，属热带。
由于幅员辽阔，地形复杂，并受不同气流的影响，各地的气候差别很大：当佛罗里达半岛已是百花齐放的季节时，北部的五大湖区还处于寒冷之中。
东南部属亚热带季风性湿润气候东北部沿海和五大湖地区属温带大陆性气候，中部中央平原的气候基本上也属温带大陆性气候，冬季寒冷，夏季炎热，气温较高，湿度大太平洋沿岸北部属温带海洋性气候区，冬暖夏凉，雨量充沛，1月份平均气温在4℃以上，8月份平均气温不越过22℃。
年平均降水量为1300毫米-1500毫米。
干燥的西部高原的年温差高达25℃，山岳地区山势越高气候越低美国的气候条件比较优越，大部分地区有利于农作物的生长。
但自然灾害也时有发生种族特点：美国是全球最大的移民国家，每年均有超过100万人移民美国目前这些移民或移民的后代主要居住在加利福尼亚州、纽约州、佛罗里达州、得克萨斯州、新泽西州和伊利诺伊州，，，美国的种族构成是：白人80.1%、拉美裔15.1%、非洲裔12.8%、亚裔4.4%、印地安人及阿拉斯加土著民1.0%、夏威夷土著民及太平洋岛民0.2%、两个以上种族（多种族）1.6%。
其中美国黑人、拉美裔和亚裔等少数族裔总人口已达到1.007亿2、莎士比亚，英国文艺复兴时期伟大的剧作家、诗人，欧洲文艺复兴时期人文主义文学的集大成者。
莎士比亚的代表作有四大悲剧：《哈姆雷特》（英：Hamlet）、《奥赛罗》（英：Othello）、《李尔王》（英：King Lear）、（英：Mac Beth）。
著名喜剧：、、、（《As you like it》）。
历史剧：、、。
正剧、悲喜剧：《罗密欧与朱丽叶》。
还写过154“时代的灵魂”，马克思称他和古希腊的埃斯库罗斯为“人类最伟大的戏剧天才”。
英美概况考试题目及答案
英美概况考试题目及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 英国的首都是哪里？A. 巴黎B. 伦敦C. 纽约D. 华盛顿特区答案：B2. 美国的独立日是哪一天？A. 7月4日B. 4月17日C. 12月25日D. 11月11日答案：A3. 英国的官方语言是什么？A. 法语B. 德语C. 英语D. 西班牙语答案：C4. 美国最大的城市是哪个？A. 洛杉矶B. 纽约C. 芝加哥D. 休斯顿答案：B5. 英国的货币单位是什么？A. 欧元B. 美元C. 英镑D. 日元答案：C6. 美国的国土面积在世界上排名第几？A. 第一B. 第二C. 第三D. 第四答案：B7. 英国的哪个城市是著名的文化和艺术中心？A. 爱丁堡B. 曼彻斯特C. 利物浦D. 格拉斯哥答案：A8. 美国的哪个州被誉为“黄金之州”？A. 德克萨斯州B. 加利福尼亚州C. 佛罗里达州D. 纽约州答案：B9. 英国的哪位君主在位时间最长？A. 伊丽莎白一世B. 维多利亚女王C. 乔治三世D. 伊丽莎白二世答案：D10. 美国的哪个国家公园以其壮观的峡谷景观而闻名？A. 黄石国家公园B. 大峡谷国家公园C. 优胜美地国家公园D. 阿卡迪亚国家公园答案：B二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）11. 英国是由______、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰组成的联合王国。
答案：英格兰12. 美国的首都华盛顿特区是为了纪念美国的第一位总统______而命名的。
答案：乔治·华盛顿13. 英国的国花是______。
答案：玫瑰14. 美国的宪法规定了______个分支的政府。
答案：三15. 英国的______是英国君主的正式住所，也是英国王室的行政总部。
答案：白金汉宫16. 美国的______是该国最大的河流系统，流经美国的中部大平原。
答案：密西西比河17. 英国的______是该国最大的政党之一，传统上与劳动阶级联系在一起。
答案：工党18. 美国的______是该国最高法院的所在地，也是司法部门的象征。
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Test Paper of An Introduction to English-speaking CountriesTest BI. Multiple Choice (20%)1. The highest mountain peak in Britain is in ________.[A] England [B] Scotland[C] Wales [D] Northern Ireland2. The longest river in Britain is the ________ River.[A] Severn [B] Thames[C] Mersey [D] Humber3. The largest lake in Britain is located in ________.[A] England [B] Scotland[C] Wales [D] Northern Ireland4. The English people are descendants of ________.[A] Celts [B] Romans[C] Anglo-Saxons [D] Danes5. Middle English took shape about a century after the ________ Conquest.[A] Roman [B] Anglo-Saxon[C] Norman [D] Danish6. “The City” in this lesson refers to ________.[A] Greater London [B] Inner London[C] Outer London [D] The City of London7. The central bank in Britain is ________.[A] Lloyd [B] Barclay[C] Midland [D] the Bank of England6. All the government ministers of Britain must be members of ________.[A] the House of Lords [B] the House of Commons[C] the Privy Council [D] Parliament.9. Which group of people can NOT be voters in the general election?[A] the UK citizens above the age of 18. [B] the UK resident citizens of the Irish Republic.[C] lords in the House of Lords. [D] members in the House of Commons.10. The party that has the majority of seats in ________ will form the government.[A] the House of Commons [B] the House of Lords[C] the Privy Council [D] the Cabinet11. In the middle of fifth century, Anglo-Saxons came from the region of ________ and the LowCountries and settled in Britain.[A] Denmark [B] Norway[C] Germany [D] Holland12. Doomsday Book was in fact a record of each man’s ________.[A] experience [B] behavior[C] property [D] reputation13. The Statutes of Laborers issued by the government of Edward III introduced cruel punishmentsfor those________.[A] who demanded higher wages. [B] who worked.[C] who hated the ministers, lawyers and landlords. [D] who refused to work14. Wars of Roses were fought ________ between the Lacastrians and the Yorkists from 1455 to1465.[A] constantly [B] irregularly[C] continuously [D] intermittently15. The principle of population was formulated by ________.[A] Adam Smith [B] David Ricardo[C] Thomas Malthus [D] Robert Owen16. The first British colony was ________.[A] New England [B] Newfoundland[C] West Indies [D] India17. The British colonists forced the Qing government to conclude the Treaty of ________ in 1842.[A] Peking [B] Nanking[C] Tientsin [D] Canton18. The British Empire reached the peak of its colonial expansion after the ________ .[A] Anglo- Boer War [B] the First Opium War[C] World War I [D] World War II19. Which of the following is NOT the feature of imperialism?[A] foreign territorial expansion. [B] export of capital.[C] free competition. [D] monopoly.20. The author of Wealth of Nations is ________.[A] Adam Smith [B] David Ricardo[C] Thomas Malthus [D] Robert OwenII. Blank filling (10%)1. Britain is separated from the European continent by the North Sea, the Strait of ________ andthe English ________.2. In 1965, big oil fields were discovered under the ________.3. The British government is established on the basis of constitutional ________.4. The Conservative party developed out of the ________ party, while the Liberal partydeveloped out of the ________ party.5. The party in power in the UK is the ________ party, which was founded in 1900.6. For the election purpose, Britain is divided into hundreds of constituencies, each of whichelects ________ member of the House of Commons.7. The party that wins the ________ seats in the House of Commons will be in office.8. In Britain the highest civil court of appeal is the ________.III. True or false statement (10%)1. After the 2007 election, the Labor Party led by the Prime Minister Kevin Rudd has been inpower in Australia.2. Melbourne is the biggest city in Australia.3. Sydney is the capital city of Australia.4. New Zealand is nicknamed as a country “riding the sheep’s back.”5. The Great Barrier Reef, the world’s largest coral reef, lies a short distance off the north-eastcoast of Australia and extends for over 2,000 km.6. Auckland is the biggest city in New Zealand.7. Wellington is the capital city of New Zealand.8. Both Auckland and Wellington are on the South Island.9. Mount Cook is the highest mountain in Australia.10. The indigenous Māori named Australia “Aotearoa”, which is usually translated into English as“The Land of the Long White Cloud”.IV. Matching (10%)Column A Column B1. Liverpool a. the steel manufacturing center of Britain2. Hull b. the former center of textile industry of Britain3. Sheffield c. the fishing port in Humberside4. Manchester d. the largest city in Britain5. Glasgow e. the second largest city in Britain6. London f. the district of Merseyside7. Birmingham g. the largest city in Scotland8. Belfast h. the capital of Wales9. Edinburgh i. The capital of Northern Ireland10. Cardiff j. the capital of ScotlandV. Translation (10%)1. All Estates Parliament2. APEC3. ASEAN4. Crown Court5. High Court of Justice6. Model Parliament7. NATO 8. stagflation9. tertiary industries 10. the Great CharterVI. Term explanation (10%)1. The British Isles2. Black DeathVII. Questions for discussion (30%)1. What were the significances of the Bourgeois Revolution in the 17th century?2. What’s your idea about the necessity for the UK to keep the monarchy (the queen or the king)?Answer Sheet (答题纸)班级_________ 学号_________ 姓名_________I. Multiple choice1. _____2. _____3. _____4. _____5. _____6. _____7. _____8. _____9. _____ 10. _____11. _____ 12. _____ 13. _____ 14. _____ 15. _____16. _____ 17. _____ 18. _____ 19. _____ 20. _____II. Blanking filling1. __________2. __________3. __________4. __________5. __________6. __________7. __________8. __________III. True or false statements1. _____2. _____3. _____4. _____5. _____6. _____7. _____8. _____9. _____ 10. _____IV. Matching1. _____2. _____3. _____4. _____5. _____6. _____7. _____8. _____9. _____ 10. _____V. Translation1. ______________________________2. ______________________________3. ______________________________4. ______________________________5. ______________________________6. ______________________________7. ______________________________8. ______________________________9. ______________________________ 10. ______________________________ VI. Term explanation1. The British Isles2. Black DeathVII. Questions for discussion1. What were the significances of the Bourgeois Revolution in the 17th century?2. What’s your idea about the necessity for the UK to keep the monarchy (the queen or the king)?。