英美概况题
大一英美概况试题及答案
大一英美概况试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The United States of America is commonly referred to as:A. UKB. USAC. USD. America答案：C2. The United Kingdom is located in:A. North AmericaB. South AmericaC. EuropeD. Asia答案：C3. The official language of the United States is:A. SpanishB. FrenchC. EnglishD. German答案：C4. The capital of the United Kingdom is:A. LondonB. ManchesterC. EdinburghD. Glasgow答案：A5. The currency used in the United States is:A. Pound SterlingB. EuroC. DollarD. Yen答案：C6. The population of the United States is approximately:A. 50 millionB. 150 millionC. 300 millionD. 500 million答案：C7. The United Kingdom is a member of the European Union (EU):A. TrueB. False答案：B8. The United States is a federal republic consisting of:A. 50 statesB. 48 statesC. 52 statesD. 46 states答案：A9. The United Kingdom's system of government is:A. MonarchyB. RepublicC. CommunistD. Dictatorship答案：A10. The United States was founded on:A. July 4, 1776B. July 4, 1777C. July 4, 1775D. July 4, 1783答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. The largest city in the United States is ________.答案：New York City2. The United Kingdom is made up of four countries: England, Scotland, Wales, and ________.答案：Northern Ireland3. The national anthem of the United States is called________.答案：The Star-Spangled Banner4. The United Kingdom's national anthem is ________.答案：God Save the Queen5. The United States is bordered by ________ to the north and Mexico to the south.答案：Canada6. The United Kingdom's national flag is known as the________.答案：Union Jack7. The President of the United States is elected for a term of ________ years.答案：four8. The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom is the head of the ________.答案：government9. The United States is divided into three main regions: the Northeast, the South, and the ________.答案：West10. The United Kingdom is part of the ________ continent.答案：European三、简答题（每题10分，共30分）1. Describe the political system of the United States.答案：The United States has a federal system of government with three branches: the legislative (Congress), the executive (President), and the judicial (Supreme Court). The President serves as both the head of state and the head of government.2. Explain the role of the Queen in the United Kingdom.答案：The Queen is the constitutional monarch of the United Kingdom and serves as the symbol of national unity. Her role is largely ceremonial, and she does not have direct political power.3. What are the main cultural influences in the United States? 答案：The United States has a diverse cultural landscape influenced by its indigenous peoples, European settlers, African slaves, and immigrants from all over the world. The main cultural influences include Native American traditions, European heritage, African American culture, and the melting pot of immigrant cultures.四、论述题（30分）Discuss the historical significance of the AmericanRevolution and its impact on the development of the United States.答案：The American Revolution was a pivotal event in world history that led to the birth of the United States as an independent nation. It marked the end of British colonialrule and the beginning of a new era of self-governance. The Revolution was significant because it was the firstsuccessful colonial revolt against a major European power. It also set a precedent for other colonies seeking independence and inspired movements for democracy and self-determination around the world. The impact of the American Revolution isstill felt today in the form of the democratic principles and values enshrined in the U.S. Constitution and Bill of Rights, which continue to shape the nation's political and social landscape.。
《英美概况》试题(附答案)
《英美概况》I. Multiple Choices: Choose one right answer from the four choices:1. The highest mountain in Britain is ____.A. ScafellB. Ben NevisC. the CotswoldsD. the Forth2. The longest river in Britain is _____.A. the ClydeB. the MerseyC. the SevernD. the Thames3. The largest lake in Britain is _____.A. the Lough NeageB. Windermere WaterC. Coniston WaterD. the Lake District4. Which part of Britain is always fighting?A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northem Ireland5. The immigrants coming to Britain are mainly from _____.A. EuropeB. the United StatesC. AfricaD. the West Indies,6. The first inhabitants in Britain were _____.A. the NormansB. the CeltsC. the IberiansD. the Anglo-Saxons7. British Recorded history began with _____.A.Roman invasionB. the Norman ConquestB. C. the Viking and Danish invasion D. the Anglo-Saxons invasion8. In 829, _____ actually became the overlord of all the English.A. JohnB. James IC. EgbertD. Henry I9. Christmas Day ____, Duke William was crowned in Westminster Abbey.A. 1056B. 1066C. 1006D. 106010. Henry II was the first king of the _____ dynasty.A. WindsorB. TudorC. MalcolmD. Plantagenet11. In 1265 ____ summoned the Great Council, which has been seen as the earliest parliament.A. Henry IIIB. the PopeC. BaronsD. Simon de Montfort12. The Hundred Years’ war sta rted in ____ and ended in ____, in which the English had lost all the territories of France except the French port of ____.A. 1337, 1453, FlandersB. 1337, 1453, CalaisC. 1346, 1453, ArgencourtD. 1346, 1453, Brest13. The Wars of Roses lasted for _____ years and king _____ was replaced by king _____.A.30, Richard III, Henry TudorB. 50, Richard III, Henry TudorB. C. 30, Richard I, Henry Tudor D. 50, Richard I, Henry Tudor14. The Renaissance began in ____ in the early ____ century.A. England, 14B. England, 15C. Italy, 14D. Italy, 1515. The English Civil War is also called _____.A. the Glorious RevolutionB. the Bloody RevolutionC. the Catholic RevolutionD. the Puritan Revolution16. In _____, a small group of Puritans sailed from _____ in the Mayflower to be the first settlers in theNorth America.A. 1620, LondonB. 1620, PlymouthC. 1720, LondonD. 1720, Plymouth17. In the 18th century, there appeared ____ in England, which owed a great deal to the invention of machines.A. the Industrial RevolutionB. the Bourgeois RevolutionC. the Wars of the RosesD. the Religious Reformation18. English colonial expansion began with the colonization of _____ in 1583.A. CanadaB. AustraliaC. IndiaD. Newfoundland19. _____ was famous for his abdication because of his marriage with a divorced American:A. Edward VIIIB. Edward VIIC. George VID. George VII20. In January _____ Britain became a member of the European Economic Community.A. 1957B. 1967C. 1973D. 197921. soon after _____, Britain not only gave up its econmic hegemony but also suffered a deep loss of its position of industrial leadership.A. 1900B. the First World WarC. the Second World WarD. 196022. In the 1970s among the developed countries, Britain maintained the lowest _____ rate and the highest _____ rate.A. inflation, growthB. growth, inflationC. growth, divorceD. growth, birth23. The following are all reasons of British decline of coal industry except _____.A.the exhaustion of old minesB. costly extractionB. C. little money being invested D. the labour shortage24. Britain’s foreign trade is mainly with _____.A. developing countriesB. other Commonwealth countriesC. other developed countriesD. EC25. The House of Lords is presided over by _____.A. the Lord ChancellorB. the QueenC. the Archbishop of CanterburyD. the Prime Minister26. A General Election is held every _____ years and there are _____ members of Parliaments are elected.A. five, 600B. five, 650C. five, 651D. four, 65127. The Prime Minister is appointed by _____ and he or she always sits in _____.A. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of CommonsB. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of LordsC. the Queen, the House of CommonsD. the Queen, the House of Lords28. The ultimate authority for law-making resides in _____.A. the QueenB. the CabinetC. the House of LordsD. the House of Commons29. The sources of British law include _____.A. statutes, common law, equity law and European Community lawB. statutes, common law and equity lawC. statutes, common law and European Community lawD. a complete code and statutes30. In criminal trials by jury, _____ passes sentenced and _____ decide the issue of guilt or innocence.A. the judge, the juryB. the judge, the judgeC. the jury, the juryD. the Lord Chancellor, the jury31. ____ tries the most serious offences such as murder and robbery.A. Magistrates’ courtsB. Youth courtsC. district courtsD. The Crown Court32. London’s Metropolitan Police Force is under the control of _____.A. the England secretariesB. the Scottish SecretariesC. Northern Ireland SecretariesD. the Home Secretary33. The National Health Service was established in the UK in _____ and based at first on _____.A. 1948, Acts of ParliamentB. 1958, Acts of ParliamentC. 1948, the Bill of RightsD. 1958, the Bill of Rights34. The non-contributory social security benefits include the following except _____.A. war pensionB. child benefitC. family creditD. unemployment benefit35. Except that _____ may not be a Roman Catholic, public offices are open without distinction to members of all churchs or of none.A. the lord ChancellorB. the Prime MinisterC. the SpeakerD. the ministers of all departments36. About 90 per cent of the state secondary school population in the UK attend _____.A. independent schoolsB. junior schoolsC. independent schoolsD. primary schools37. There are some ____ universities, including the Open University.A. 900B. 290C. 90D. 5038. In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16 can _____ by law.A. receive completely free educationB. receive parly free educationC. receive no free education if their families are richD. receive no free education at all39. With regard to its size, the USA is the _____ country in the world.A. largestB. second largestC. third largestD. fourth largest40. In the following rivers, _____ has been called the American Ruhr.A. the MississippiB. the MissouriC. the HudsonD. the Ohio41. Among the following rivers, _____ forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the U.S.A. the PotomacB. the ColumbiaC. the Rio Grande RiverD. the Colorado42. All the following universities and colleges are located in New England, except _____.A. YaleB. HarvardC. OxfordD. Massachusetts Institute of Technology43. The nation’s capital city Washington D.C. and New York are located in _____.A. the American WestB. the Great PlainsC. the MidwestD. the Middle Atlantic States44. The Midwest in America’s most important _____ area.A. agriculturalB. industrialC. manufacturingD. mining in dustry45. In the case of Brown versus Board of Education, the Supreme Court ruled that _____.A. separate educational facilities had been illegalB. educational facilities had been separate but equalC. educational facilities had been equalD. separate educational facilities were inherently unequal46. The Chinese Exclusion Act was passed in _____.A. 1882B. 1883C. 1900D. 192447. The first immigrants in American history came from ____ and ____.A. Ireland/FranceB. England/ChinaC. Scotland/EnglandD. England/Netherland48. Uncle To m’s Cabin and Roots are two novels which give a vivid description of the miserable lifeof the _____.A. early settlersB. PuritansC. native IndiansD. black slaves49. According to American historians and specialists in demography, there are _____ great population movement in the history of the United States.A. twoB. threeC. fourD. five50. Many early Chinese immigrants worked in the mining industry, especially in the _____.A. gold minesB. silver minesC. coal minesD. copper mines51. The Declaration of Independence was drafted by _____.A. James MadisonB. Thomes JeffersonC. Alexander HamiltonD. George Washington52. On July 4, 1776, _____ adopted the Declaration of Independerce.A. the First Continental CongressB. the Second Continental CongressC. the Third Continental CongressD. the Constitutional Convention53. The victory of _____ was the turning point of the War of Independence.A. SaratogaB. GettysburgC. TrentonD. Yorktown54. Ten amendments introduced by James Madison in 1789 were added to the Constitution. Theyare knows as _____.A. the Articles of ConfederationB. the Bill of RightC. the Civil RightsD. Federalist Papers55. President Jefferson bought _____ from France and doubled the country’s territory.A. New MexicoB. the Louisiana TerritoryC. KansasD. Ohio56. The Declaration of Independence came from the theory of British philosopher _____.A. Paul RevereB. John LockeC. CornwallisD. Frederick Douglass57. During the WWII, the Axis powers were mainly made up by __.A. Germany, France and JapanB. France, Japan and BritainC. Germany, Italy and BritainD. German, Italy and Japan58. The Progressive Movement is a movement demanding government regulation of the _____ and_____ conditions.A. economy/politicalB. social/politicalC. economy/socialD. political/cultural59. As a result of WWI, _____ was not one of the defeated nations.A. GermanyB. Austro-HungaryC. OttomanD. Russia60. The aim of President Roosevelt’s New Deal was to “save American _____.” A. economyB. politicsC. societyD. democracy答案I. Multiple Choices: Choose one right answer from the four choices.1. B2. C3. A4. D5. D6. C7. A8. C9. B 10. D 11. D 12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D 16. B 17. A 18.D 19. A 20. C 21. C 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. A 31. D 32. D 33. A 34. D 35.A 36. D 37. C 38. A 39. D 40. D 41.C 42. C 43. D 44. A 45. D 46. A 47. D 48. D 49. C 50. A 51.B 52.B 53. A 54. B 55. B 56. B 57. D 58.C 59.D 60. D 61. C 62. B 63. D 64. C 65. D 66. D 67. B 68. C 69.C 70.D 71. B 72. B 73. B 74. D 75. DII. Fill in the blanks:1. Ceographically speaking, the north and west of Britain are _______, while the east and south-eastare mostly______.2. Welsh is located in the ______ of Great Britain.3. The ancestors of the English ______, while the Scots, Welsh and Irish the ______.4. In the mid-5th century, three Teuronic tribes ______, _____, and _____ invaded Britain. Among them,the _____ gave their name to English people.5. The battle of _______ witnessed the death of Harold in October, 1066.6. Under William, the ______ system in England was completely established.7. The property record in William’s time is known as ______, which was compiled in _____.8. _____’s grave became a place of pilgrimage in and beyond chaucer’s time after he was murdered.9. ______ was the deadly bubonic plague, which reduced England’s population from four million to______ million by the end of the 14th century.10. One of the consequences of the Uprising of 1381 was the emergence of a new class of ______farmers.11. James I and his son Charles I both believed firmly in ______.12. During the Civil War, the Cavaliers supported ________, while the Roundheads supported_______.13. After the Civil War, Oliver Cromwell declared England a ______, later, he became _________.14. In 1707, the Act of _______ united England and ______.15. The two parties originated with the Glorious Revolution were _____ and _______. The former werethe forerunners of the ______ Party, the latter were of the ______ party.16. In 1765, the Scottish inventor _____ produced a very efficient _____ that could be applied to textileand other machinery.f the world.17. After the Industrial Revolution, Britain became the “______” o18. During the Second World War ________ led Britain to final victory in 1945.19. In 1974 and 1977, the two ______ shock caused inflation to rise dramatically.20. Natural gas was discovered in 1965 and oil in 1970 under _______.21. _______ has Europe’s largest collection of foreign owned chip factories.22. New industries in Britain include______, ______ and other high-tech industries.23. The party which wins the second largest number of seats becomes the official ______, with its ownleader and “______ cabinet”.24. The Prime Minister is appointed by ______, and his/her official residence is _____.25. There are two tiers of local government throughout England and Wales: _____ and ______.26. The criminal law in Britain presumes the _____ of the accused until he has been proved guiltybeyond reasonable doubt.27. The jury usually consists of _______ persons in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, and _____persons in Scotland.28. The ultimate court of appeal in civil cases throughout the UK is _______.29. In Britain the welfare state applies mainly to _____, national insurance and ______.30. The two established churches in Britain are ____ and _____.31. Education in the UK is compulsory for all between the ages of (______ in Northen Ireland) and_____.32. In the past children in Britain were allocated to different secondary schools on the basis of selection tests known as _______, which was replaced by ______.33. Education after 16 in the UK is divided into _____ and ______.34. The most-known universities in Britain are _____ and _____ which date from the _____ and _____centuries.35. In ____, Alaska and Havaii became the 49th and 50th states.36. In the Great Lakes, only _____ belongs to U.S. completely while the other four are shared withGanada.37. _______ is separated from the main land by Canada.38. The Rockies, the backbone of the North American Continent, is also known as _____.39. _____ is the largest continental state in area in the U.S.40. The West can be divided into three parts: the Great Plains, the Rocky Mountains and _____.41. The South is the headquarters of a large segment of the ______ and ________ industry.42. New England is sometimes called the ______ of America.43. _______ is considered to be one of the characteristics of the American people since one in fivemoves to a new home every year.44. The first blacks were brought to north America as slaves in _____.45. The largest group of Asian-Americans are the ______.II. Fill in the blanks:1. highlands, lowlands2. west3. Anglo-Saxons, Celts4. Jutes, Saxons, Angles, Angles5. Hastings6. feudal7. Domesday Book, 10868. Thomas Becket9. Black Death, two 10. yeomen 11. the Divine Right of Kings 12. the king, the Parliament 13. Commonwealth, L ord Protector 14. Union, Scotland 15. Whigs Tories Liberal Conservative 16. James Watt steam engine 17. workship 18. Winston Churchill19. oil 20. the North Sea 21. Scotland 22. microprocessors and computer, biotechnology23. Opposition, shadow 24. the Queen, No. 10 Downing 25. country councils, districtcouncils 26. innocence 27. 12, 15 28. the House of Lords 29. the National Health Service,social security 30. the Church of England, the Church of Scotland 31. 5, 4, 16 32.eleven-plus, comprehensive schools 33. further education, high education34. Oxford, Cambridge, 12th, 13th 35. 1959 36. Lake Michigan 37. Alaska 38. the ContinentalDivide 39. Texas 40. the Intermountain Basin and Plateau 41. rocket/missile 42. birthplace43. Mobility 44. 1619 45. Chinese-AmericansIII. Explain the following terms.1. the Hardian’s Wall: I t was one of the two great walls built by the Romans to keep the Picts out ofthe area they had conquered.2. Alfred the Great Alfred was a strong king of the wisemen. It was created by the Anglo-Saxons toadvise the king. It’s the basis of the Privy Council which still exists today.3. William the Conqueror William was Duke of Normandy. He landed his army in Oct, 1066 anddefeated king Harold. Then he was crowned king of England on Christams Day the same year. Heestablished a strong Norman government and the feudal system in England.4. the battle of Hastings In 1066, King Edward died with no heir, the Witan chose Harold as king.William, Duke of Normandy, invaded England. On October 14, the two armies met near Hasting.After a day’s battle, Harold was killed and his army completely defeated. So this battle was very important on the way of the Roman conquest.5. Domesday Book Under William, the feudal system was established. William sent officials tocompile a property record known as Domesday Book, which completed in 1086. It was the result of ageneral survey of England made in 1085. It stated the extent, value, the population, state of cultivation, and ownership of the land. It seemed to the English like the Book of doom on JudgementDay.6. the Great Charter King John’s reign caused much discontent among the barons. In 1215, he wasforced to sign a document, known as Mangna Cara, or the Great Charter. It has 63 clauses. Thoughit has long been regarded as the foundation of English liberities, its spirit was the limitation of theking’s powers, keeping them within the bounds of the feudal law of the land.7. the Hundred Years’ War It referred to the intermittent war between France and England that lastfrom 1337 to 1453. The causes were partly territorial and partly economic. When Edward III claimedthe French Crown but the French refused to recognize, the war broke out. At first the English weresuccessful, but in the end, they were defeated and lost almost all their possessions in France. Theexpelling of the English was a blessing for both countries.War. She8. Joan of Arc She was a national heroine of France during the Hundred Years’ successfully led the French to drive the English out of France.9. the Black Death It was the deadly bubonic plague who spread through Europe in the 14th century. It swept through England without warning and any cure, and sparing no victims. It killedbetween half and one-third of the population of England. Thus, much land was left untended andlabour was short. It caused far-reaching economic consequences.10. the Wars of Roses They referred to the battles between the House of Lancaster and the House ofYork between 1455 and 1485. The former was symbolized by the red rose, and the latter by the whiteone. After the wars, feudalism received its death blow and the king’s power became supreme. Thdor monarchs ruled England and Wales for over two hundred years.daughter and a devout Catholic. When she became Queen, she11. Bloody Mary Henry VIII’ｓpersecuted and burnt many Protestants. So she was given the nickname “Bloody Mary”. Mary is als remembered as the monarch who lost the French port of Calais.12. Elizabeth I One of the greatest monarchs in British history. She reigned England, Wales andIreland for 45 years and remained single. Her reign was a time of confident English nationalism andof great achievements in literature and other arts, in exploration and in battle.13. Oliver Cromwell The leader during the Civil War who led the New Model Army to defeat the kingand condemned him to death. Then he declared England a Commonwealth and made himself Lord ofProtector. He ruled England till the restoration of charles II in 1660.14. the Bill of Rights In 1689, William and Mary accepted the Bill of Rights to be crowned jointly.The bill excluded any Roman Catholic from the succession, confirmed the principle of parliamentarysupremacy and guaranteed free speech within both the two Houses. Thus the age of constitutionalmonarchy began.15. Whigs and Tories It referred to the two party names which originated with the Glorious Revolution of 1688. The Whigs were those who opposed absolute monarchy and supported the rightto religious freedom for Noncomformists. The Tories were those who supported hereditary monarchyand were reluctant to remove kings. The Whigs formed a coalition with dissident Tories and becamethe Liberal Party. The Tories were the forerunners of the Conservative Party.16. James Watt The Scottish inventor who produced an efficient steam engine with rotary motionthat could be applied to textile and other machinery.17. Winston Churchill Prime Minister of Britain during the Second World War. He took over Chamberlain in 1940 and received massive popular support. He led his country to final victory in1945. He was defeated in the general election of 1945, but returned to power in 1951.ed like an18. Agribusiness It refers to the new farming in Britain, because it’s equipped and managindustrial business with a set of inputs into the farm of processes which occur on the farm, andoutputs or products which leave the farm. The emphasis is upon intensive farming, designes to givethe maximum output of crops and animals.19. the British Constitution There is no written constitution in the United Kingdom. The BritishConstitution is not set out in any single document, but made up of statute law, common law andconventions. The Judiciary determines common law and interpret statues.20. Queen Elizabeth II The present Sovereign, born in 1926, came to the throne in 1952 and wascrowned in 1953. The Queen is the symbol of the whole nation, the center of many national ceremonies and the leader of society.21. the Opposition In the General Election, the party which wins the second largest number of seatsbecomes the offcial Opposition, with its own leader and “shadow cabinet”. The aims of the Oppositio are to contribute to the formulation of policy and legislation, to oppose government proposals, toseek amendments to government bills, and to put forward its own policies in order to win the nextgeneral election.22. the Privy Council Formerly the chief source of executive power. It gave the Sovereign privateadvice on the gov ernment of the country. Today its role is mainly formal, advising the (“privy”)Sovereign to approve certain government decrees and issuing royal proclamation. Its membership isabout 400.23. common law A written law gathered from numerous decisions of the courts and other sources.24. the jury A legal system established in England since king Henry II. The jury consists of ordinary,independent citizens summoned by the court: 12 persons in England, Wales and Northern Ireland,and 15 persons in Scotland. In criminal trials by jury, the judge passes sentence but the jury decidethe issue of guilt or innocence.25. the NHS The National Health Service was established in the UK in 1948 and based first on Actsof Parliament. This Service provides for every resident a full range of medical services. It is basedupon the principle that there should be full range of publicly provided services designed to help theindividual stay healthy. It is now a largely free service.26. comprehensive schools State secondary schools which take pupils without reference to abilityand provide a wide-ranging secondary education for all or most of the children in a district. About 90per cent of the state secondary school population in GB attend comprehensive school.27. public schools Fee-paying secondary schools which are longestablished and have gained a reputation for their high academic standards, as well as their exclusiveness and snobbery. The boysfamous schools public schools include such well-known schools as Eton and Harrow, and girls’ include Roedean. Most of the members of the British Establishment were educated at a public school.28. the Great Lakes The Great Lakes are the most important lakes in the United States. They areLake Superior, which is the largest fresh water lake in the world, Lake Michigan —— the only one entirely in the U.S. ——Lake Huron, Lake Erie and Lake Ontario. They are all located between Canada and the United States except Lake Michigan.29. New England New England is made up of six states of the North-East. They are Maine, NewHampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut. It is sometimes called the birthplace of America.30. baby boom “baby boom” refers to the great increase of birth rate between 1946 and 1964. Peopleborn in this period are called baby bammers.31. the Chinese Exclusion Act It was passed by the U.S. Congress in may, 1882. It stopped Chinese immigration for ten years.32. the Bill of Rights In 1789, James Madison introduced in the House of Representations a seriesof amendments which later were drafted into twelve proposed amendments and sent to the states forratification. Ten of them were ratified in 1791 and became the first ten amendments to the Constitution —— the Bill of Rights.33. the Emancipation Proclamation During the Civil war, Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation to get more support for the Union at home and abroad. It granted freedom to all slaves.34. the Constitutional Convention In 1787, a conference was held in Philadelphia to consider whatshould be done to make the Articles of Confederation adequate. All the delegates agreed to revise theArticles of Confederation and draw up a new plan of government. After struggle, the Constitution wasratified at last. This conference is called the Constitutional Convertion.35. the Progressive Movement The Progressive Movement is a movement demanding governmentregulation of the economy and social conditions. It spread quickly with the support of large numbersof people across the country. It was not an organized campaign with clearly defined goals.36. the Peace Conference The Peace Conference or the Paris Conference, began on January 18,1919. The conference was actually a conference of division of colonies of Germany, Austro-Hungaryand the Ottoman Empire and the grabbing of as much as possible from the defeated nations. It wasdominated by the Big Four (the United States, Britain. France, and Italy)37. the Truman Doctrine: On March 12, 1949, President Truman put forward the Truman Doctrinein a speech to the joint session of Congress. The Truman Doctrine meant to say that the U.S. government would support any country which said it was fighting against Communism.38. the Marshall Plan On June 5, 1947, the Secretary of State George Marshall announced theMarshall Plan, which meant that in order to protect Western Europe from possible Soviet expansion,the United States decided to offer Western European countries economic aid.39. the New Frontier It was the President Kennedy’s program which promised civil rights for blacks, federal aid to farmers and to education, medical care for all and the abolition of poverty.40. checks and balances:The government is divided into three branches, the legislative, the executive and the judicial, eachhas part of the powers but not all the power. And each branch of government can check, or block, theactions of the other branches. The three branches are thus in balance. This called “checks and balances”．IV. Answer briefly the following questions.1. What do you know about the Roman invasion of Britain? —— In 55 BC and 54 BC, Julius Caesar, a Roman general, invaded Britain twice. In AD 43, the Emperor Claudius invaded Britainsuccessfully. For nearly 400 years Britain was under the Roman occupation, though it was never atotal occupation. British recorded history begins with the Roman invasion.2. Why did the William the Conqueror invade England after Edward’s death?—— It was said that king Edward had promised the English throne to William but the Witan chose Harold as king. SoWilliam led his army to invade England. In October 1066, during the important battle of Hastings,William defeated Harold and killed him. On Christmas Day, William was crowned king of England,thus beginning the Norman Conquest of England.3. What were the consequences of the Norman Conquest?——The Norman Conquest of 1066 isone of the best known events in English history. It brought about many consequences. William confiscated almost all the land and gave it to his Norman followers. He replaced the weak Saxon rulewith a strong Norman government. So the feudal system was completely established in England.Relations with the Continent were opened, and civilization and commerce were extended. Norman-French culture, language, manners, and architecture were been introduced. The churchwas brought into closer connection with Rome, and the church courts were separated from the civilcourts.4. What were the contents and the significance of the Great Charter?—— The Great Charter, orthe Magna Carta, was document signed in 1215 between the barons and king John. It had altogether63 clauses, of which the most important contents were these: (1) no tax should be made without theapproval of the Grand Council; (2) no freeman should be arrested, imprisoned, or deprived of hisproperty except by the law of the land; (3) the church should possess all its rights and privileges; (4)London and other towns should retain their ancient rights and privileges; (5) there should be thesame weights and measures throughout the country. The Great Charter was a statement of the feudal and legal relationship between the Crown and the barons, a guarantee of the freedom of theChurch and a limitation of the powers of the king. The spirit of the Great Charter was the limitationof the powers of the king, but it has long been regarded as the foundation of English liberties.5. What do you know about the English Renaissance?——Renaissance was the revival of classical literature and artistic styles in European history. It began in Italy in the early 14th centuryand spread to England in the late 15th century. The English Renaissance had 5 characteristics: (1)English culture was revitalized not so much directly by the classics as by contemporary Europeansunder the influence of the classics; (2) England as an insular country followed a course of social andpolitical history which was to a great extent independent of the course of history else where in Europe; (3) Owning to the great genius of the 14th century poet chaucer, the native literature wasvigorous enough and experienced in assimilating foreign influences without being subjected by them;。
英美概况面试题及答案高中
英美概况面试题及答案高中问题一：英国的首都是什么？英国的官方语言是什么？答案：英国的首都是伦敦。
英国的官方语言是英语。
问题二：请简述美国的独立日是哪一天，并解释其意义。
答案：美国的独立日是7月4日，这一天是为了纪念1776年《独立宣言》的签署，标志着美国从大不列颠的统治下独立出来。
问题三：英国和美国在政治体制上有何不同？答案：英国是一个君主立宪制国家，拥有女王作为国家元首，而实际政治权力由首相和议会掌握。
美国则是一个联邦制国家，实行总统制，总统既是国家元首也是政府首脑。
问题四：请列举至少三个英国和美国在文化上的不同点。
答案：英国和美国在文化上的不同点包括：1) 饮食习惯，例如英国人喜欢下午茶，而美国人更倾向于快餐文化；2) 教育体系，英国的教育体系较为传统，注重学术研究，而美国的教育体系更注重实践和创新；3) 社会礼仪，英国人通常比较保守和讲究礼仪，而美国人则更加随意和直接。
问题五：英国的“脱欧”对英国和欧盟有什么影响？答案：“脱欧”指的是英国退出欧盟。
这一事件对英国意味着需要重新建立与欧盟的贸易关系，同时也可能影响英国的国际地位和经济。
对欧盟而言，英国的退出可能会削弱其整体经济实力和政治影响力。
问题六：美国历史上有哪些重要的移民潮？这些移民潮对美国的发展有何影响？答案：美国历史上重要的移民潮包括19世纪的爱尔兰和德国移民潮，以及20世纪的拉丁美洲和亚洲移民潮。
这些移民潮极大地丰富了美国的多元文化，促进了社会和经济的发展，同时也带来了一些社会问题，如文化融合和就业竞争。
问题七：请简述英国的工业革命对世界历史的影响。
答案：英国的工业革命是18世纪末到19世纪初的一场重大社会经济变革，它标志着从手工劳动向机械化生产的转变。
工业革命极大地提高了生产效率，促进了城市化，改变了人们的生活方式，并对全球经济和社会发展产生了深远影响。
问题八：美国的文化多元性是如何形成的？答案：美国的文化多元性主要是由其历史上的大规模移民潮形成的。
《》之英美概况简答题完整版
UK I1.What is the full name of the United Kingdom?•the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Irelandits short term :UK: the United Kingdom2.What are the other names?•Great Britain ,its short term: G.B. GBBritain, England,3.What are the two large islands that make up the British Isles?Great Britain and Ireland4.What are the four political divisions of the United Kingdom?Britain: England, Scotland and Wales and Northern Ireland5.What’s its respective capital（首府）?•England: LondonScotland: EdinburghWales：CardiffNorthern Ireland: Belfast.6.What’s the national anthem?God Save the Queen/King7.What’s its national flower?Rose8.What’s its national flag?The Union Jack9.What’s its nickname?J o h n B u l l.UK 21.What kind of country is Britain in terms of its geographical feature?2.Which river is most important in Britain?3.Can you tell me something about the location of Britain?4.What’s the climate like in Britain? Why do British people talk about weather veryoften?5.What are the symbols of England?6.Can you list some landmarks of London?7.What are the symbols of Scotland?Keys:• 1. An island country• 2. The Thames River• 3. It lies in the North Atlantic Ocean off the north coast of Europe. It is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the south and the North Sea inthe east.• 4. Britain has a maritime climate------winters are not too cold and summers are not too hot. It has a steady reliable rainfall throughout the whole year. The temperature varies within a small range. That’s why British people talk about weather a lot.• 5. The royal policeman, Royal Coat of Arms(皇家徽章), Black Taxi, Foot Guard, Life Guard, Double Decker Bus ,Union Flag , Big Ben• 6. Tower of London, London Eye, the Buckingham Palace, St Paul's Cathedral, Tower Bridge•7. Edinburgh, Edinburgh International Arts Festival, Tartan, Whiskey, Bagpipe, golf UK 31.Tell some symbols of Wales?2.Tell some symbols of Northern Ireland?3.Talk about some famous people in different parts of UK.4.The British are mainly made up of _____, ____, _____, and ____.5.Describe the character of the British people briefly.6.Who are the ancestors of the English and who are the ancestors of Scots, Welshand Irish?7.How many stages are British history divided into during the formation of the nation?How long is it?8.What are the stages specifically?9.The earliest known settlers on the British Isles were ________.10.Christianity was first brought to England by ________.Keys:● 1. Saint David, Cardiff, Prince of Wales, Eisteddfoudau, Castles● 2. The Lough Neagh, The Giant’s Causeway● 3. William Shakespeare William WordsworthRobert Burns Catherine Zeta-Jones William Butler Yeats Seamus Heaney● 4. England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland● 5. They are generally reserved /conservative in manners, dress and speech. Theyare famous for their politeness, self-discipline and especially for their sense ofhumour.6.The ancestors of the English are Anglo-saxonswhile the ancestors of the Scots, the Welsh and the Irish are Celts7. 5 stages.I. Prehistoric Britain 5000 BC (the early settlers of Britain---the Iberian )II. Roman Britain 43 ADIII. Anglo Saxon Britain 450IV. Viking and Danish Britain 793V. Medieval Britain/The Norman Conquest 10668.This period of history covers over 6000 years long. That is, from 5000 BC to 1066AD.9.Iberians10.RomansUK 41. The earliest known settlers on the British Isles were ____. Iberians2. Christianity was first brought to England by ________. The Romans3. Who were the invaders during the fifth century?The Angles and the Saxons4.Do you know the Norman conqueror’s name?William the Norman5. The Parliament became a regular agency of the government under ________.Edward I6.Why was the War of Roses so called?Because the war was between he Lancastrians, whose symbol was a red rose, and the Yorkists, whose symbol was a white rose.7. Why was “Glorious Revolution” so called?The revolution (1688) was glorious because it was bloodless.8. Who was the first prime minister in English history?Sir Robert WalpoleUK 5• 1. What is the basis of the British government?• 2. Who is the head of the country?• 3. Who is the present sovereign of the UK?• 4. How many parts make the British Parliament? And what are they?• 5.What is the president of the House of Lords called?• 6. What are the two major parties?•7. Who presides the cabinet?•8. Who has the real power in the country?•9. Who is the present Prime Minister of the UK?•10. Where does the Prime Minister live and work?•Keys:• 1. constitutional monarchy• 2. a queen or a king• 3. Elizabeth II• 4. Three. They are the sovereign, the House of Lords, the House of Commons• 5. Lord Chancellor• 6. the Conservative Party and the Labor Party•7. the Prime Minister•8. the Prime Minister•9. David Cameron•10. No.10, Downing StreetUS 1•. How do you know about the different names of USA?• 2. What’s its national flag?• 3.How do you know the meaning of its national flag?• 4. What’s the nickname of American people?• 5. What’s its national anthem(国歌)?• 6. There are many things that symbolize American culture, could you say some of them? No less than 10 itemsKeys:1.the United States of America;US; U.S. USA; U.S.A2.The Stars and Stripes, Old Glory, The Starry Banner3.The stripes symbolize the 13 colonies that originally constituted the United States ofAmerica. The stars represent the 50 states of the Union.4.Uncle Sam5.The Star-Spangled Banner 《星条旗永不落》US 21.Where is the US? Could you tell me its boundary ?2.How large is it?3.What’s its rank respectively all over the world concerning to its area and population?4.How many states are there in the mainland of the United States?5.And which two states are geographically separated from the other?6.What is the capital of the US?Can you say some of itstourist attractions? 4 or more7. 2 of the most important mountains of the US are__________ and ________.8.“Father of Waters” refers to __________ River.9.The _______ River has been called the American Ruhr(德国鲁尔河) .10.______ forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the United States.The Rio Grande River(格兰德河) The Mississippi RiverThe Ohio River The Columbia River11.The 5 Great Lakes are_______, ______, _________, ________ and _______.12.How many geographical regions is it divided into?13.What are the major cities in USA?Keys:1. The United States is situated in the central part of North America with its two youngest states. The Continental United States stretches 4,500km from the Atlantic Ocean on the east to the Pacific Ocean on the westIt borders_Canada on the north and reaches south to Mexico and Gulf of Mexico2. The U. S has a land area of 9. 3 million square kilometres.3. It is the fourth largest country in the world in size after Russia，Canada and China.It is the third most populous country in the world after China and India.4. 485.Alaska and Hawaii6. Washington D.C.U.S. Capitol, Washington Monument, Civil War Memorial; Jefferson Memorial, Lincoln Memorial7. Appalachian Mountains and the Rocky mountains8. “Father of Waters” refers to the Mississippi River.9. The Ohio River has been called the American Ruhr .10. The Rio Grande River forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the UnitedStates.11. The 5 Great Lakes are Lake Superior, Lake Michigan, Lake Huron, Lake Eire and Lake Ontario.. 12. It is divided into 7 geographical regions.1) New England 新英格兰地区2) Atlantic and Gulf Coast Plain大西洋和海湾平原3)Appalachian Mountain Belt阿帕拉契山区4)Interior Lowlands沿岸低地5)Rocky Mountain Belt落基山区6)Southwest西南地区7)Pacific Coast太平洋海岸地区14.New York City, Chicago, Los Angeles, Philadelphia, Houston, Boston, DetroitUS31.What’s the climate like in USA?2.Why is USA called a melting pot?3.Why is USA called a nation on wheels?4.What are American people like in terms of the character? who’s who 名人录in America (presidents, writers, scientists, actors oractress and so on. )Keys1．4 kinds of climate on the continental USA1）The north-eastern part of the country has a humid continental climate（湿润的大陆性气候）.2）The south-eastern United States has a humid subtropical climate. （湿润的亚热带气候）3）The Pacific northwest has a maritime climate海洋性气候)4）The southern part of the Pacific coast in California has a Mediterranean climate （地中海式气候）with warm, dry summers and moist winters.2. The melting pot means that people with different cultural and ethnical backgroundsimmigrate to the United States, live together, get mixed and build up this culture that is called American culture today.3. Cars are an important part of life in the United States. The car made the United Statesa nation on wheels. 1 in 5 Americans moves to a new home every year seeking new jobopportunity, a better climate of other goals.4. American characterrespect of individual rightsreligious tolerancea strong spirit of individual enterpriseUS 3• 1. The first immigrants in American history came from ____ and ____.• 1. England / the Netherlands• 2. Uncle Tom’s Cabin and Roots are two novels which give a vivid description of the miserable life of the _____.• 2. black slaves• 3. According to American historians and specialists in demography人口学, there are _____ great population movement in the history of the United States.• 3. four4. In ______, the Pilgrims sailed to the New World in a ship called ______.4. 1620, Mayflower5. Traditionally, the mainstream Americans were called WASPs, that is, ______5. White Anglo-Saxon Protestants.US 41. The inhabitants prior to the arrival of the Europeans are now called____________. Native Americans2.____________________________________ is commonly regarded as the discoverer of America. Christopher Columbus, an Italian navigator3. The first successful English settlement in America was ____________ in 1607. Jamestown4.On ____________, in the Second Continental congress, ___________________________ was declared, which was primarily written by ______________-___.July4, 1776, The Declaration of Independence,Thomas Jefferson5. The first president of the United States was _________________ under the new US Constitution. George Washington6. In 1803, the United States paid $15 million to buy 828,000 square miles of land west of the Mississippi from France, this is called _____________. Louisiana Purchase7. In the year _______, after ______________ was elected President, the South seceded to establish a rebel government, _______________. 1861, Abraham Lincoln, The Confederate States of America8. The _________________ was the beginning of the __________________ in the late 1920s and 1930s. President Roosevelt’s (FDR) _______ measures was to ________________________.stock market crash, Great Depression, New Deal, save American democracy and the capital system9.The United States declared war against Japan after its surprise attack on____________-_ on December 7,1941.Pearl Harbor10. The United States dropped two atomic bombs on ________ and Nagasaki in August 1945, thus hastened the unconditional surrender of Japan.Hiroshima11. After WWII, the United States became one of the two dominant_____________, and the _____________ began.Superpowers, Cold WarUS 51.W h a t i s c a l l e d f e d e r a l i s m?T h e d i v i s i o n o f p o w e r b y a c o n s t i t u t i o n b e t w e e n t h e c e n t r a l g o v e r n m e n t a n d s t a t eg o v e r n m e n t.2.W h a t i s S e p a r a t i o n o f P o w e r s?I t m e a n s c o n s t i t u t i o n a l d i v i s i o n o f p o w e r s a m o n g t h e l e g i s l a t i v e,e x e c u t i v e a n d j u d i c i a lb r a nc h e s.3.C a n y o u t e l l t h e t w o h o u s e s t h a t m a k e u p t h e A m e r i c a n C o n g r e s s?H o w m a n ym e m b e r s i n e a c h h o u s e?T h e H o u s e o f R e p r e s e n t a t i v e s(435m e m b e r s)a n d t h e S e n a t e(100m e m b e r s)m a k e u p t h e U S C o n g r e s s(l e g i s l a t u r e).4.T e l l t h e t w o m a j o r p a r t i e s i n t h e U.S.a n d t h e i r s y m b o l s.D e m o c r a t s&R e p u b l i c a n sD e m o c r a t s–d o n k e yR e p u b l i c a n s–e l e p h a n t5.W h a t i s a n e l e c t o r a l c o l l e g e?A g r o u p o f p e o p l e(e l e c t o r s)c h o s e n f r o m e a c h s t a t e a n d D.C.t o f o r m a l l y e l e c t t h e P r e s i d e n t a n d V i c e P r e s i d e n t.6.W h i c h p r e s i d e n t a b o l i s h e d s l a v e r y i n h i s t e n u r e?T h e16t hp r e s i d e n t--A b r a h a m L i n c o l n.7.W h o i s t h e o n l y p r e s i d e n t s e r v i n g m o r e t h a n t w o t e r m s i n A m e r i c a n h i s t o r y?F r a n k l i n R o o s e v e l t.8.W h o i s t h e f i r s t b l a c k A m e r i c a n p r e s i d e n t?B a r a c k O b a m aU K L I t e r a t u r e1. Who is the greatest dramatist in English history? List at least four of his major works.William ShakespeareThe Merchant of V enice; Hamlet; Othello; KingLear; Macbeth; Romeo and Juliet…2. Which play is regarded as a milestone inShakespeare’s dramatic development? “To beor not to be: that is the question”is the line inthe play.Hamlet3. What makes Shakespeare so famous?His great understanding of human nature and hisability to find universal human qualities and to putthem in dramatic situations.4. What makes a play a masterpiece?The ideas behind the play are about problems whichare still important to people of different ages inmodern times.US LIterautre1. What do you know about some important writers inAmerican literature? List at least four.Mark Twain; Earnest Hemingway; Irvin Shaw; O’Neil2.List some masterpieces of Mark Twain and Earnest Hemingway.Mark Twain: The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn ,Earnest Hemingway: The Old and the Sea, The Sun Also rises。
英美概况考试题汇总
英美概况考试题汇总一、英国部分1. 英国的全名：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。
国家元首：女王伊丽莎白二世。
国土面积：24.36万平方公里。
人口：6020万。
首相：戈登·布朗。
分四个部分：英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰、北爱尔兰。
首府分别为：伦敦、加迪夫、爱丁堡和贝尔法斯特。
大伦敦市下设一个对的金融城（City of London）和32个城区（London Boroughs）。
2. 英国最长的河流是：塞文河（354公里）；最重要的河流为泰晤士河，流经伦敦，全长346公里。
最大的湖泊讷湖，在北爱尔兰境内，面积396平方公里。
3. 英国的气候主要受北大西洋暖流的影响，属海洋性温带阔叶林气候。
终年温和多雨。
天气易变，难以预测。
4. 1707年英格兰与苏格兰合并，不列颠岛统一。
1801年又与爱尔兰合并。
1922年爱尔兰南部脱离英国统治，成立爱尔兰共和国。
5. 现代英国民族的基本成分是三个日耳曼部族，他们是：盎格鲁、萨克森和朱特。
6. 爱德华一世最后终于在1282年成功征服了威尔士北部和西部的最后一个当地的威尔士公国（大约是今天的安格鲁西郡、凯尔纳冯夏尔郡、麦里昂斯郡、塞勒狄琼郡和凯尔马瑟夏尔郡这块地区），并且在两年之后透过《罗德兰法令》（Statute of Rhuddlan）确立了爱德华一世对此地的统治。
为了平息威尔士人，爱德华一世出生于威尔士的儿子（后来的爱德华二世）在1301年2月7日这天被封为威尔士亲王。
这块直接在王室统治下的地区，便称作威尔士公国（1284年—1536年）。
将威尔士亲王这个头衔封给英国君主的长子便成为了传统，到现今都还持续实行中。
从1284年到1536年之间，英国君主只有对威尔士公国有直接的控制权，而其他边界地区的领主则独立于王权之外（他们统治有威尔士东部和南部地区）。
1536年颁布的《联合法案》才进一步完成了英格兰和威尔士在政治和行政上的统一。
这个联合法案将威尔士划分为13个郡，分别是：安格鲁西郡、布莱根郡、凯尔纳冯郡、卡尔狄更郡、凯尔马瑟郡、丹比夫郡、佛林特郡、葛莱摩根郡、麦里昂斯郡、蒙茅斯郡、蒙哥马里郡、彭布鲁克郡和拉德诺郡。
英美概况试题及答案考研
英美概况试题及答案考研一、选择题1. 英国的首都是哪里？A. 伦敦B. 纽约C. 巴黎D. 柏林答案：A2. 美国的官方语言是什么？A. 英语B. 西班牙语C. 法语D. 德语答案：A3. 英国的货币单位是什么？A. 欧元B. 美元C. 英镑D. 人民币答案：C4. 美国的独立日是哪一天？A. 7月4日B. 7月14日C. 4月16日D. 11月11日答案：A二、填空题1. 英国的全称是________。
答案：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国2. 美国的总统任期为________年。
答案：43. 英国的国花是________。
答案：玫瑰4. 美国的国花是________。
答案：玫瑰三、简答题1. 简述英国的地理位置。
答案：英国位于欧洲大陆的西北部，由大不列颠岛、爱尔兰岛的北部分、以及周边的许多小岛组成。
2. 描述美国的政治体制。
答案：美国是一个联邦制国家，实行三权分立的政治体制，包括行政、立法和司法三个独立的分支。
四、论述题1. 分析英国和美国文化的主要差异。
答案：英国和美国文化的主要差异体现在语言、饮食、教育、法律和娱乐等方面。
例如，英国人更倾向于保守和传统的价值观，而美国人则更加自由和个人主义。
在饮食上，英国人喜欢传统的英式早餐，而美国人则偏爱快餐文化。
2. 讨论英美两国在国际事务中的作用。
答案：英国和美国在国际事务中扮演着重要的角色。
英国是联合国安全理事会的常任理事国之一，对全球政治和经济有着深远的影响。
美国作为世界上最大的经济体，其外交政策和军事行动对全球安全和稳定有着显著的影响。
英美概况英国部分练习题
英美概况英国部分练习题英美概况 - 英国部分练习题英国，位于欧洲西北部的一个岛国，是英联邦成员国之一。
它以其悠久的历史，丰富的文化遗产，以及对现代科技和艺术的贡献而闻名于世。
下面是一些关于英国的练习题，让我们来测试一下你对这个国家的了解吧！1. 英国的首都是哪个城市？a) 伦敦b) 曼彻斯特c) 爱丁堡d) 都柏林2. 英国的国旗是什么颜色的？a) 红色、白色和蓝色b) 红色、白色和绿色c) 红色、白色和黄色d) 蓝色、白色和红色3. 威廉·莎士比亚是英国最著名的戏剧作家之一。
以下哪个是他的作品？a) 《哈姆雷特》b) 《鲁密欧与朱丽叶》c) 《奥赛罗》d) 以上都是4. 英国的皇室家族是？a) 伊丽莎白家族b) 斯图亚特家族c) 神秘家族d) 温莎家族5. 英国最著名的晚餐菜肴之一是什么？a) 鱼和薯条b) 汉堡包c) 比萨饼d) 果酱面包6. 英国的标准货币是什么？a) 欧元b) 英镑c) 美元d) 日元7. 英国最古老的大学是？a) 牛津大学b) 剑桥大学c) 帝国理工学院d) 伦敦城市大学8. 英国传统的下午茶时间通常是在下午几点？a) 1点b) 3点c) 5点d) 7点9. 英国最高的峰是什么？a) 英格兰山b) 威尔士山c) 苏格兰山d) 北爱尔兰山10. 英国最有名的音乐节是？a) 格拉斯顿伯里音乐节b) 皇家艾伯特音乐厅音乐节c) 圣理查德音乐节d) 狂欢节希望你已经作出了选择。
接下来，让我们来看看答案。
答案:1. a) 伦敦2. a) 红色、白色和蓝色3. d) 以上都是4. d) 温莎家族5. a) 鱼和薯条6. b) 英镑7. a) 牛津大学8. b) 3点9. c) 苏格兰山10. a) 格拉斯顿伯里音乐节希望这些问题能帮助你更深入地了解英国。
英国是一个充满魅力的国家，拥有丰富的历史和文化遗产，值得我们去探索和学习。
无论你是对历史、文学、音乐还是其他领域感兴趣，英国都能提供给你丰富的资源和体验。
《英美概况》试题(附答案)word文本
英美概况》I. Multiple Choices: Choose one right answer from the four choices:A. ScafellB. Ben NevisC. the CotswoldsD. the Forth1. The highest mountain in Britain isA. the ClydeB. the MerseyC. the SevernD. the Thames2. The longest river in Britain is3. The largest lake in Britain isA. the Lough NeageB. Windermere WaterC. Coniston WaterD. the Lake District4. Which part of Britain is always fighting?A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northem Ireland5. The immigrants coming to Britain are mainly fromA. EuropeB. the UnitedC. AfricaD. the West IndiesStates6. The first inhabitants in Britain wereA. the NormansB. the CeltsC. the IberiansD. the Anglo-Saxons7. British Recorded history began withA. Roman invasionB. the Norman ConquestC. the Viking and Danish invasionD. the Anglo-Saxons invasion8. In 829, ___actually became the overlord of all the English.A. JohnB. James IC. EgbertD. Henry I9. Christmas Day __, Duke William was crowned in Westminster Abbey.A. 1056B. 1066C. 1006D. 106010. Henry II was the first king of the dynasty.A. WindsorB. TudorC. MalcolmD. Plantagenet11. In 1265 __summoned the Great Council, which has been seen as the earliest parliament.12. The Hundred Years ' war srttaed in __________ and ended in ________ , in which the English had lost all the territories of France except the French port of .A. 1337, 1453, FlandersB. 1337, 1453, CalaisC. 1346, 1453, ArgencourtD. 1346, 1453, Brest13. The Wars of Roses lasted for _ years and king _________ was replaced by king __ .A. 30, Richard III, Henry TudorB. 50, Richard III, Henry TudorB. C. 30, Richard I, Henry Tudor D. 50, Richard I, Henry Tudor14. The Renaissance began in __ in the early _ century.A. England, 14B. England, 15C. Italy, 14D. Italy, 1515. The English Civil War is also called .A. the Glorious RevolutionB. the Bloody RevolutionC. the Catholic RevolutionD. the Puritan Revolution16. In ___, a small group of Puritans sailed from i n the Mayflower to be the first settlers in the North America.A. 1620, LondonB. 1620, PlymouthC. 1720, LondonD. 1720, Plymouth17. In the 18th century, there appeared in England, which owed a great deal to the invention of machines.A. the Industrial RevolutionB. the Bourgeois RevolutionC. the Wars of the RosesD. the Religious Reformation18. English colonial expansion began with the colonization of in 1583.A. CanadaB. AustraliaC. IndiaD. Newfoundland19. ___ was famous for his abdication because of his marriage with a divorced American:A. Edward VIIIB. Edward VIIC. George VID. George VII20. In January __ Britain became a member of the European Economic Community.A. 1957B. 1967C. 1973D. 197921. soon after __ , Britain not only gave up its econmic hegemony but also suffered a deep loss of its position of industrial leadership.22. In the 1970s among the developed countries, Britain maintained the lowest rate and the highest _____ rate.A. inflation, growthB. growth, inflationC. growth, divorceD. growth, birth23. The following are all reasons of British decline of coal industry except .A. the exhaustion of old minesB. costly extractionB. C. little money being invested D. the labour shortage24. Britain ' s foreign trade is mainly with _ .A. developing countriesB. other Commonwealth countriesC. other developed countriesD. EC25. The House of Lords is presided over by .A. the Lord ChancellorB. the QueenC. the Archbishop of CanterburyD. the Prime Minister26. A General Election is held every years and there are __ members of Parliaments are elected.A. five, 600B. five, 650C. five, 651D. four, 65127. The Prime Minister is appointed by and he or she always sits in .A. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of CommonsB. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of LordsC. the Queen, the House of CommonsD. the Queen, the House of Lords28. The ultimate authority for law-making resides in .A. the QueenB. the CabinetC. the House of LordsD. the House of Commons29. The sources of British law include .A. statutes, common law, equity law and European Community lawB. statutes, common law and equity lawC. statutes, common law and European Community lawD. a complete code and statutes30. In criminal trials by jury, _______________________________ passes sentenced and decide the issue of guilt or innocence.A. the judge, the juryB. the judge, the judgeC. the jury, the juryD. the Lord Chancellor, the jury31. __ tries the most serious offences such as murder and robbery.A. Magistrates ' courtsB. Youth courtsC. district courtsD. The Crown Court32. London ' s Metropolitan Police Force is under the control of .A. the England secretariesB. the Scottish SecretariesC. Northern Ireland SecretariesD. the Home Secretary33. The National Health Service was established in the UK in ______________________________ and based at first on ____________________________________________________ .A. 1948, Acts of ParliamentB. 1958, Acts of ParliamentC. 1948, the Bill of RightsD. 1958, the Bill of Rights34. The non-contributory social security benefits include the following except .A. war pensionB. child benefitC. family creditD. unemployment benefit35. Except that __ may not be a Roman Catholic, public offices are open without distinction to members of all churchs or of none.A. the lord ChancellorB. the Prime MinisterC. the SpeakerD. the ministers of all departments36. About 90 per cent of the state secondary school population in the UK attend .A. independent schoolsB. junior schoolsC. independent schoolsD. primary schools37. There are some __ universities, including the Open University.A. 900B. 290C. 90D. 5038. In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16 can by law.A. receive completely free educationB. receive parly free educationC. receive no free education if their families are richD. receive no free education at all39. With regard to its size, the USA is the country in the world.A. largestB. second largestC. third largestD. fourth largest40. In the following rivers, has been called the American Ruhr.A. the MississippiB. the MissouriC. the HudsonD. the Ohio41. Among the following rivers, forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the U.S.A. the PotomacB. the ColumbiaC. the Rio Grande RiverD. the Colorado42. All the following universities and colleges are located in New England, except .A. YaleB. HarvardC. OxfordD. Massachusetts Institute of Technology43. The nation ' s capital city Washington D.C. and New York ar e located in ___________________A. the American WestB. the Great PlainsC. the MidwestD. the Middle Atlantic States44. The Midwest in America ' s most important __________ area.A. agriculturalB. industrialC. manufacturingD. mining in dustry45. In the case of Brown versus Board of Education, the Supreme Court ruled that .A. separate educational facilities had been illegalB. educational facilities had been separate but equalC. educational facilities had been equalD. separate educational facilities were inherently unequal46. The Chinese Exclusion Act was passed in _ .A. 1882B. 1883C. 1900D. 192447. The first immigrants in American history came from _______________ and .A. Ireland/FranceB. England/ChinaC. Scotland/EnglandD. England/Netherland48. Uncle Tom ' s Cabin and Roots are two novels which give a vivid description of the miserable life of the A. early settlers B. Puritans C. native Indians D. black slaves。
大学英美概况复习题
1. The continental United States lies in the central North American with ___to its east and __to its west.A. the pacific ocean, the Atlantic oceanB. the Atlantic Ocean, the Pacific OceanC. the Pacific Ocean, the Gulf of MexicoD. the Gulf of Mexico, the Atlantic Ocean2. Among the Great Lakes, _____ is the only one entirely in the United States.A. Lake SuperiorB. Lake HuronC. Lake OntarioD. Lake Michigan3. The Appalachians run from ____ to ____.A. the north, the southB. the east, the westC. the northwest, the southeastD. the northeast, the southwest4. The biggest city in the U.S. is ____.A. Los AngelesB. New Y orkC. ChicagoD. San Francisco5. The ____ River meets the Atlantic Ocean at New Y ork City.A. PotomacB. HudsonC. ColumbiaD. Colorado6. Hawaii became the fiftieth state of the United States in ____.A. 1948B. 1950C. 1956D. 19597. ____ is the largest fresh water lake in the world.A. Lake SuperiorB. Lake MichiganC. Lake HuronD. Lake Eire8. The largest of the racial and ethnic minorities in the United Sates is ___.A. the HispanicsB. the Asian-AmericansC. the IndiansD. the blacks9. The Grand Canyon is located in the state of ____.A. ColoradoB. CaliforniaC. ArizonaD. New Mexcio10. ____ are the fastest-growing racial and ethnic group in the United Sates.A. the BlacksB. The HispanicsC. the Asian-AmericansD. the Indians11. The ____ River has been called the American Ruhr.A. MississippiB. OhioC. MissouriD. Colorado12. The Mississippi River flows to ____.A. the Atlantic OceanB. the Gulf of CaliforniaC. the Gulf of MexicoD. the Pacific Ocean13. The U.S. produces nearly ___ of the corn in the world.A. 25%B. 35%C. 40%D. 50%14. ____ is sometimes called the birthplace of America.A. The MidwestB. the Great PlainsC. New EnglandD. the South15．The Snow belt areas in the united States refer to North.16. The chief industry in the Rocky Mountains is ____A. the tourist tradeB. miningC. textile industryD. iron and steel17. The United States is the ____ most populous country in the world.A. thirdB. fourthC. fifthD. sixth18. New Y ork is located in ___.A. the MidwestB. the Middle Atlantic regionC. New EnglandD. the great Plains19. The United States is the ____ largest country in the world.A. secondB. thirdC. fourthD. fifth20. ___ is the home of the space center in the U.S.21. The Midwest states lies in the ___ part of the U.S.A. westernB. southernC. northernD. northwestern22. The smallest state in the U.S. is ____.A. WashingtonB. Rhode islandC. HawaiiD. Maryland23. In the U.S., the largest city along the Pacific Coast is _____.A. Los AngelesB. San FranciscoC. SeattleD. Portland24. The first industrial area in the United Sates is _____.A. New EnglandB. the Middle AtlanticC. the MidwestD. the South25. _____ is the largest city of the Great Plains of the U.S.A. ColoradoB. Los AngelesC. Salt Lake CityD. Denver26. The largest state on the mainland of the United States is _____.A. CaliforniaB. T exasC. AlaskaD. Arizona27. The largest and busiest port on the great Lakes is ___.A. New Y orkB. ChicagoC. DetroitD. St. Louis28. The sunbelt areas in the united States refer to _____.A. the East and the NorthB. the North and the W estC. the west and the SouthD. the east and the South29. The newest state in the United States is _____.A. New MexicoB. AlaskaC. CaliforniaD. Hawaii30. The state of ____ is the leading state in oil and natural gas deposits in the U.S.A. CaliforniaB. New MexicoC. FloridaD. T exas31. The Rustbelt areas refers to Northeastern USA32. Please list five metropolitans which located on the Atlantic Coastal Plain. (Boston-Washington corridor )Boston, Massachusetts, new Y ork city, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Baltimore, Maryland, and Washington,D.C.33. _Florida__is the southern-most city( exclusive of Hawaii).34. The highest summits in the US. is Mt. Mckinley35. The national flag of the United States is known as ____.A. the star-spangled BannarB. Uncle SamC. Got DogD. Union Jack36. The Niagara Falls is located on thee US and the Canadian boundary between Lake _________ and Lake ________.A. Superior, HuronB. Michigan, HuronC. Huron, EireD. Eire, Ontario37．Which of the king was executed in the civil war?A. James IB. Charles IC. James IID. Charles II38．Westminster Palace is the ___________.A. seat of British House of ParliamentB. seat of English ChurchC. residence of king and queenD. Residence of Prime Minster39．No. 10 Downing Street is ________.A. Office of British NavyB. Official residence of Prime MinsterC. Seat of English parliamentD. Official residence of King40．The American Civil War lasted from _______ to _______.A. 1858,1861B. 1861, 1863C. 1861, 1865D. 1863, 186741．In the U.S., the senatorial term is _________ years.A. 3.B. 4C. 6D. 842．The______ were the forerunners of the Conservative Party.A .WhigsB .T oriesC .RadicalsD .Nonconformists43．Among the Great Lakes, ______ is the only one entirely in the United States.A. Lake SuperiorB. Lake HuronC. Lake OntarioD. Lake Michigan44．_____ was Britain’s first colony in America.A .PlymouthB .JamestownC .PhiladelphiaD .New Y ork45．____ was a king that was so enthusiastic about agricultural changes that he got the nickname “Farmer George”.A .George IB .George IIC .George IIID .George IV46．During the American Civil War, the army of the North was known as _____.A. the Continental ArmyB. the Confederate ArmyC. the U.S. armyD. the Union Army 47．The Marsh Plan offered economic aid to ______.A. European countriesB. Western European countriesC. Eastern European countriesD. European countries except the Soviet UnionMock T est1. The official name of the United Kingdom is______.A .the United Kingdom of Great BritainB .the United Kingdom of Great Britain and IrelandC .the United Kingdom of Britain and Northern IrelandD .the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland2. It was under______ that the feudal system in England was completely established.A .HaroldB .WilliamC .HenryD .Edward3 .The largest and most important museum in Britain is______.A .the British MuseumB .the Victoria and Albert MuseumC .the Imperial War MuseumD .the National Gallery4. Which of the following is not a political division on the island of Great Britain?A .EnglandB .ScotlandC .Northern IrelandD .Wales5. The highest peak in Britain is______.A .Ben NevisB .ScafellC .SnowdoniaD .Cross Fell6. The first known settlers of Britain were______.A .the IberaiansB .the Bearker FolkC .the CeltsD .the Romans7. The Wars of the Roses lasted from ______ to______.A.1455, 1465B.1455, 1475C.1455, 1485D.1455, 14958. The religious change from Catholicism toward Protestant theology in England was called “______”.A .RenaissanceB .ReformationC .RevolutionD .Evolution9. A British Parliament has a maximum duration of______ years.10. In criminal trials, the______ decides the issue of guilt or innocence.A .judgeB .lawyerC .juryD .audience11. The first English colony in America was founded in______.A .1593B .1607C .1618D .162012. Britain is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the______ and the North Sea in the______.A .south, westB .south, eastC .north, westD .north, east13. The first successful Roman conquest in Britain was led by______.A .Julius CaesarB .ClaudiusC .AgricolaD .Constantine14.______ served as the new cultural centers in England during the reign of the Norman kings.A .The schoolsB .The monasteriesC .The royal courtD .The big towns15. The House of Lancaster was symbolized by the_____rose, while that of Y ork was symbolized by the______rose.A .white, blackB .white, redC .red, whiteD .black, red16. In Britain, the ultimate authority for law-making resides in______.A .the House of LordsB .the Hose of CommonsC .the QueenD .the Prince of Wales17. Which of the following statements is not true about the contributions made by the Anglo-Saxons to English state?A .They divided the country into shires.B .They devised the narrow-strip, three-field farming system.C .They created the manorial system and the Witan.D .They established the complete feudal system in England.18. The narrowest part of the English Channel is the Straits of Dover, which is only______ km across.A .25B .33C .43D .5019. Which of the following statements is not true about William’s policy toward the church in England?A .He kept the church completely in his control and tried to suppress its power.B .He appointed the Italian-born Lanfranc to be Archbishop of Canterbury.C .He encouraged the church to have a closer relationship with Rome.D .He took care to maintain the independence of the church.20. The Magna Carta had altogether______ clauses.A .50B .53C .58D .6321. The______ were the forerunners of the Conservative Party.A .WhigsB .T oriesC .RadicalsD .Nonconformists22. In the 1970s among the developed countries, Britain maintained______ growth rate and______ inflationrate.A .the highest, the highestB .the lowest, the lowestC .the highest, the lowestD .the lowest, the highest23. The House of Lord is presided over by the______.A .Archbishop of CanterburyB .Lord ChancellorC .QueenD .Archbishop of Y ork24. The capital of Scotland is______.A .BelfastB .CardiffC .EdinburghD .Dublin25. How long was Britain under the Roman occupation?A .About 200 yearsB .About 300 yearsC .About 400 yearsD .About 500 years26. Which of the following statements is not among the causes of the hundred years’ war between England and France?A .The French king wanted to take back the territory occupied by England.B .Both English and French kings wanted to control the Flemish cloth manufacturing towns.C .England wanted to stop France from giving aid to the Scots.D .The English refused to recognize Edward as their king.27. Mrs. Thatcher was British Prime Minister from______.A .1980, 1990B .1982, 1988C .1979, 1990 D.1979, 198428. The present Sovereign of Britain is______.A .PhilipB .Elizabeth IC .Elizabeth IID .Charles29. Britain’s most popular pastime is______.A .reading newspaperB .watching TVC .playing footballD .horse racing30. The destruction of the______ in 1588 showed England’s superiority as a naval power under Elizabeth I’s reign.A .French FleetB .Spanish ArmadaC .Danish VikingsD .Portuguese Navy31. The replacement of James II by William and Mary has been known as______.A .the Glorious RevolutionB .the RestorationC .the ReformationD .the Renaissance32. The decade of 1980s is remembered in Britain as the era of______.A .centralizationB .nationalizationC .privatizationD .industrialization33. The Church of Scotland is a______ church.A .MethodistB .BaptistC .PresbyterianD .Catholic34. The longest river in Britain is______.A .the Severn RiverB .the Thames RiverC .the Mersey RiverD .the Clyde River35.______ were the people who laid foundation of the English state.A .The CeltB .The RomansC .The JutesD .The Anglo-Saxons36. Mrs. Thatcher’s Medium-term Financial Strategy was characterized by______.A .prices controlB .incomes controlC .state interventionismD .privatization37. The British Prime Minister is appointed by______.A .the QueenB .the SpeakerC .the House of CommonsD .the House of Lords38.______ is the highest judiciary officer in Britain.A .The Lord ChancellorB .The Home SecretaryC .The Attorney GeneralD .The Prime Minister39. The well-known Lake District in Britain is located in______.A .north ScotlandB .north-west EnglandC .north WalesD .Northern Ireland40. Which of the following statements is not among the achievements of King Alfred?A .He defeated the Danes and conquered Denmark.B .He translated Bede’s Ecclesiastical History of the English People into English.C .He founded a strong fleet and became known as “ the father of the British navy”.D .He established a number of schools.41. Henry VIII was above all responsible for the______ reform in England.A .militaryB .economicC .socialD .religious42. The______ presides over the House of Commons and enforces the rules of order.A .Prime MinisterB .SpeakerC .Lord ChancellorD .Queen43.______ is the ultimate court of appeal in civil cases throughout the United Kingdom.A .The High CourtB .The Supreme Court of JudicatureC .The House of LordD .The Court of Appeal44. Around which time period did the Celts start to arrive in Britain?______A .3000 B.C.B .2000 B.C.C .700 B.C.D .500 B.C.45. The death of King______ marked the perishing of Anglo-Saxon England.A .AlfredB .EdwardC .HaroldD .William46. England has been a Protestant country since the reign of______.A .Henry VIIIB .Edward VIC .Mary T udor D.Elizabeth I47.______ was Britain’s first colony in America.A .PlymouthB .JamestownC .PhiladelphiaD .New Y ork48. In 1838, the London Working Men’s Association put forward a charter of political demands, which was called a “____”.A .Great CharterB .Greater CharterC .People’s CharterD .new Poor Law49. Which of the following is not included in the new industries in Britain?______A .microprocessorsB .computersC .biotechnologyD .motor vehicle50. The head of State in Britain is______.A .the king or queenB .Prime MinisterC .ParliamentD .Prince of Wales51. In Great Britain, the______ is uniquely related to the Crown.A .Church of EnglandB .Church of ScotlandC .Church of IrelandD .Church of Wales52. Among the four political divisions of Britain, ______ is the most densely populated.A .EnglandB .ScotlandC .WalesD .Northern Ireland53. “The Danelaw”refers to the______ part of England which was occupied by the Danes in King Alfred’s time.A .south and eastB .north and eastC .south and westD .north and west54. The hundred years’ war between England and France was declared by______.A .Henry IIIB .Edward IC .Edward IIID .Henry V55.______ was a king that was so enthusiastic about agricultural changes that he got the nickname “FarmerGeorge”.A .George IB .George IIC .George IIID .George IV56. The end of Britain’s empire was hastened by______.A .World War IB .the Great DepressionC .World War IID .the Korean War57. The Prime Minister in Britain is chairman of the______.A .shadow cabinetB .cabinetC .ParliamentD .Opposition58. The Universities of Oxford and Cambridge date from______.A .the 11th and 12th centuriesB .the 12th and 13th centuriesC .the 14th and 15th centuriesD .the 18th and 19th centuries59. Which of the following statements is not true about St.Augustine?A .He was sent by Pope Gregory I to England.B .He was the first Archbiship of Canterbury.C .He was remarkably successful in converting the king and the nobility.D .One of his greatest achievements was to have converted large numbers of common people in Britain.60. The Black Death spread through Europe in the______ century.A .13thB .14thC .15thD .16th61. There were______ T udor monarchs who ruled England and Wales and the first one was______.A .4, Henry VB .5, Henry VIIC .6, Henry VIID .7, Henry VIII62. The Gunpowder Plot of 1605 was a______ conspiracy.A .ScottishB .CatholicC .PuritanD .Spanish63. The British Labor Party got its name in_______.A .1893B .1899C .1900D .190664 .The members of______ in Britain have also been known as dissenters or nonconformists.A .the Anglican ChurchesB .the Church of EnglandC .the Roman Catholic ChurchD .the Free Churches65. Which of the following people are not descendants of the Celts ?A .EnglishB .ScotsC .W elshD .Iris66. Which of the following statements is not true about Canute?A .He became King of England in 1016.B .He made England part of a Scandinavian empire.C .He divided power between Danes and Saxons.D .He formulated a legal system in England.67. James I was son of______.A .Mary T udorB .Mary StuartC .Elizabeth ID .Edward VI68. Greater London is divided into 32______ and the City of London.A .districtsB .countiesC .boroughsD .regions69. The largest church of the Free Churches in Britain is______.A .the Baptist ChurchB .the Presbyterian ChurchC .the Methodist ChurchD .the United Reformed Church70. The names T uesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday derive from the gods in______.A .DruidismB .ChristianityC .the T eutonic religionD .Roman Catholicism71. As a transitional period, Renaissance covered the years between______ and______.A .1150, 1450B .1250, 1550C .1350, 1650D .1450, 175072.______ is generally regarded as the beginning of modern world history.A .The RenaissanceB .The English ReformationC .The English Civil WarD .the Glorious Revolution73. Which of the following countries was not a member of the “Allies” during World War I?A .BritainB .FranceC .RussiaD .Germany74 .Among the following industrial cities,______ is not based on coalfields.A .LondonB .GlasgowC .EdinburghD .Manchester75. T o Scots, the most important festival is______.A .Christmas DayB .New Y ear’s EveC .EasterD .Whit Sundays that begin with M’, Mc or Mac are______ names.A .EnglishB .WelshC .ScottishD .Irish77. The first Christian church in Britain was established in______.A .LondonB .Y orkC .CanterburyD .Bath78. The Magna Carta was signed by King John in______.A .1213B .1214C .1215D .121679. The Petition of Right was also regarded as the______.A .Magna CartaB .General PardonC .Grand RemonstranceD .second Magna Carta80. The British East India Company was established in______.A .1500B .1600C .1700D .180081. The Midlands refers to the area of______.A .central EnglandB .central Lowlands of ScotlandC .North-East EnglandD .North Wales82. By tradition, the Prime Minister of Britain is also First Lord of______.A .the T reasuryB .the Home OfficeC .the Foreign and Commonwealth OfficeD .the Ministry of Defense83. Easter is a Christian festival that celebrates______.A .the birth of ChristB .the resurrection of ChristC .the coming of the Holy Spirit to Christ’s apostlesD .the death of Christ84. The most important river in Britain is______.A .the Severn RiverB .the Thames RiverC .the Mersey RiverD .the Clyde River85. Margaret Thatcher was leader of the______ Party.A .ConservativeB .LaborC .LiberalD .Democratic86. In December 1653, Oliver Cromwell was made______ of the Commonwealth of England.A .KingB .GeneralC .Lord ProtectorD .Lord Chancellor87. There are now______ Roman Catholic provinces in Great Britain.A .5B .7C .9D .1088. Football has its traditional home in______.A .EnglandB .ScotlandC .FranceD .Italy89.______ is the most typically English of sports.A .FootballB .RugbyC .CricketD .Horse racing90. King______ was known of his piety as “the Confessor”.A .AlfredB .CanuteC .EdwardD .William91. Henry VIII’ s religious reform began as a struggle for______.A .powerB .a divorceC .equalityD .peace92. In Britain the last stage for a bill to become law as Acts of parliament is called______.A .First and Second ReadingsB .Royal AssentC .Third ReadingD .Committee stage93. The______ are Anglo-Saxons.A .EnglishB .ScotsC .WelshD .Irish94. Which of the following statements is not true about the jury system in the reign of Henry II?A .It was replacing old English ordeals by fire and water and old Norman trials by battle.B .A jury was composed of twelve men.C .The jurors’ function was not only to act as witnesses, but to hear evidences and give verdict.D .It was originated from primitive trials in which witnesses were called forward to swear to the innocence of theaccused.95. It was______ that united the Houses of Lancaster and Y ork.A .Edward VB .Richard IIIC .Henry T udorD .John Beaufont96. During the First Civil War of England, the supporters of Parliament were called______.A .CavaliersB .RoundheadsC .RoyalistsD .Crusaders97. The Beatles was a band formed by four boys from______.A .ManchesterB .LiverpoolC .LondonD .Edinburgh98. England got its name “Angle” land from______.A .the CeltsB .the RomansC .the Germanic conquerorsD .the Danes99. Which city used to be the Roman capital in Britain?A .LondonB .Y orkC .BathD .Edinburgh100. Which of the following statements is not true about Henry VII?A .He was said to have murdered Edward V and his brother.B .During his reign he refilled the royal treasury through loans, subsidies, property levies and fines.C .He was able to build up England’s navy and foreign trade.D .He forbade the nobles to keep excessive power.101. The Church of England is not free to change its form of worship without the consent of______.A .ParliamentB .the archbishop of CanterburyC .the archbishop of Y orkD .the Queen102. The home of golf is______.A .EnglandB .ScotlandC .FranceD .the U.S.A103. Which of the following statements is not true about Elizabeth I（童贞女王）?A .Her religious reform was a compromise of views.B .She tried and executed her cousin Mary.C .She was succeeded by her son James VI.D .She enabled England to become a great trading and colonizing country.104. The game “Rugby” got its name from a______.A .townB .countryC .schoolD .person（一所拉格比学校一名学生W.W.埃利斯在1823年的一次校内足球比赛中因一次踢球失误，感到十分惋惜，竟然不顾一切地抱起球来就跑）105. Which of the following statements is not true about William the Conqueror?A .He was Duke of Normandy.B .His cavalry was then the finest fighting horsemen in Europe.C .He was Norman.（英格兰第一位诺曼人国王）D .He was crowned as King of England at Canterbury.（在威斯敏斯特大教堂加冕为英格兰国王）106. Winston Churchill became Prime Minister of Britain in______. 《He served as prime minister twice (1940–45and 1951–55).》A .1930B .1935C .1940D .1945107. The Open University in Britain was founded in______.（it was founded by Royal Charter in 1969.）A .1958B .1969C .1970D .1975108. The Supreme Court of the U.S. consists of one Chief Justice and ____ Associate Justices.A. 6B. 7C. 8D. 10109. During the American Civil War, the army of the North was known as _____.（p224）A. the Continental ArmyB. the Confederate ArmyC. the U.S. armyD. the Union Army110．______ is sometimes called the birthplace of America.(莱克星敦的枪声，发生在马萨诸塞州，是新英格兰的一部分)A. The MidwestB. the Great PlainsC. New EnglandD. The south111. In the U.S., the Senatorial term is _________ years.A. 3B. 4C. 6D. 8112. The Marsh Plan offered economic aid to ______.A. European countriesB. Western European countriesC. Eastern European countriesD. European countries except the Soviet Union1.The statement “A person cannot step into the same river twice.” was said by _____.A. PythagorasB. PlatoC. HeraclitusD. Democtitus2.________ said, “One thing only I know, and that is that I know nothing.”A. PlatoB. SocratesC. AristotleD. Thales3.________ founded the science of logic.A. PlatoB. SocratesC. AristotleD. Thales4.The Republic was written by ___________.A. PlatoB. SocratesC. AristotleD. Thales5. “Question-and-answer” technique was created by _________.A. PlatoB. SocratesC. AristotleD. Thales6.“The Renaissance” was between _________.A. 1500-1700 A.D.B. 1400-1700 A.D.C. 1300-1600 A.D. D. 1400-1600 A.D.7._________ said, “I think; therefore, I am”.A. David HumeB. Rene DescartesC. John RockD. George Berkeley8.__________ was called the farther of modern Rationalism.A. David HumeB. Rene DescartesC. John RockD. George Berkeley9.________ was called the modern father of Empiricism.A. David HumeB. Rene DescartesC. John RockD. George Berkeley10._________ combined elements of both Rationalism and Empiricism into one new comprehensive system.A. Immanuel KantB. George HegelC. John RockD. George Berkeley11.________ were mainly interested in love, Nature and art.A. The National RomanticsB. The Universal RomanticsC. The Classical RomanticsD. The contemporary Romantics.12.The British Isles is made up of ________A．T hree large islands and hundreds of small ones B. T wo large islands and hundreds of small onesC.Three large islands and dozens of small onesD. T wo large islands and dozens of small ones13.The tower of London, located in the center of London, was built by _______.A. King HaroldB. William the ConquerorC. Robin HoodD. Oliver Cromwell14.Between 1337 and 1453 the ______ took place in Britain.A. Wars of RosesB. Black deathC. Hundred Y ears’ war (与法国)D. peasants uprising15. In English individualistic culture, one should not bother Englishmen without a good reason and making appointment beforehand seems to be important. It is best reflected by an English proverb __________.A. as welcome as a stormB. an Englishmen’ s house is his castleC. don’t wear out your welcomeD. outstay one’s welcome16.Which of the king was executed in the civil war（开始内战）?p71A. James IB. Charles IC. James IID. Charles II17.Westminster Palace（国会大楼）is the ___________.A. seat of British House of ParliamentB. seat of English ChurchC. residence of king and queenD. Residence of Prime Minster18.No. 10 Downing Street（唐宁街10号）is ________.A. Office of British NavyB. Official residence of Prime MinsterC. Seat of English parliamentD. Official residence of King19.The oldest university in Britain is ________.A. Cambridge UniversityB. St. Andrews UniversityC. OxfordD. Edinburgh University20.British English is spoken in _______.A. Great BritainB. AustraliaC. New ZealandD. A,B and C21．The goal of Roosevelt’s New Deal(罗斯福新政)was _________.A. to save the American economic and political systemB. to change the American economic systemC. to weaken monopoly interests in AmericaD. to nationalize banks and financial institutions in America.22．The American Civil War lasted from _______ to _______.A. 1858,1861B. 1861, 1863C. 1861, 1865D. 1863, 186723. The American population movement between the end of the civil war and 1880 had much to do with _______.A. the westward movementB. the urbanizationC. the industrializationD. the development of hi-tech industries24. In the U.S., the senatorial term（参议院的任期)is _________ years.A. 3.B. 4C. 6D. 825. The______ were the forerunners of the Conservative Party.保守党的先行者A .Whigs（辉格党人）B .T ories（托利党）C .Radicals （激进）D .Nonconformists（新教徒）26．_____ constitute the dominant sector of the U.S. economy（美国经济的主要成分）.A. state-owned business（国有企业）B. privately owned businessC. independent professionalsD. government-run businessa)What’s the Scottish native language? Gaelic（盖尔语）b)Geologically, Scotland is divided into _(three)_ main regions: they are: ___(the highlands and WesternIsles)__, (the Lowlands), and the (Southern Uplands).c)Northern Ireland is sometimes referred to as “Ulster”.d)The capital of Northern Ireland is Belfast.e)The Giant’s Causeway is located in __Northern Ireland_?f)What’s the name of W elsh language? (Cymru)g)The longest River in Britain rises in _(Wales)__?h)__The midlands/ Lowlands of Central England__ has been termed the Industrial heart of England or theBlack Country.i)New Forest is located _(_England_)____?11。
英美概况复习题
英美概况复习题英美概况复习题一、地理概况英美两国位于北美洲，英国位于欧洲西北部，英国是英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰四个国家的联合王国，美国则是由50个州组成的联邦共和国。
英国是一个岛国，由大不列颠岛和北爱尔兰岛组成，美国则是一个大陆国家，横跨北美洲。
英国的首都是伦敦，美国的首都是华盛顿特区。
二、历史概况英国是一个历史悠久的国家，曾经是大英帝国的核心。
英国在16世纪经历了工业革命，成为世界上第一个工业化国家，对世界的政治、经济和文化产生了深远的影响。
美国则是一个相对较年轻的国家，于18世纪末脱离英国殖民地的统治，成立了独立的美利坚合众国。
美国在19世纪经历了西进运动和内战，逐渐成为世界上最强大的国家之一。
三、政治制度英国是一个君主立宪制国家，国家元首是女王伊丽莎白二世，但实际上政府的运作主要由首相和议会负责。
英国的议会制度是二院制，由上议院和下议院组成。
美国则是一个总统制国家，国家元首和政府首脑是同一人，即总统。
美国的议会制度是两院制，由参议院和众议院组成。
四、经济概况英国是一个发达的资本主义经济体，以服务业为主导，金融、保险、房地产等行业发达。
英国是世界上最大的外汇市场之一，伦敦也是全球金融中心之一。
美国是世界上最大的经济体，以多元化的经济结构闻名，制造业、金融业、科技业等都非常发达。
美国的纽约、洛杉矶等城市也是世界级的金融中心和商业中心。
五、文化概况英国和美国都有丰富的文化遗产。
英国是莎士比亚的故乡，拥有众多文学巨匠，如狄更斯、奥斯卡·王尔德等。
英国的音乐、戏剧和电影产业也非常发达，披头士乐队、皇后乐队等都是英国的文化符号。
美国是好莱坞的发源地，拥有世界上最大的电影产业。
美国的音乐、文学和艺术也非常丰富多样，爵士乐、摇滚乐、现代艺术等都是美国的文化瑰宝。
六、教育体系英国和美国都拥有世界一流的教育体系。
英国的剑桥大学、牛津大学等享有盛誉，被认为是世界上最好的大学之一。
美国的哈佛大学、斯坦福大学等也是世界顶尖的教育机构。
英美概况》期末考试试卷附答案
英美概况》期末考试试卷附答案XXX1.The total area of the U.K。
is 244,110 square kilometers.2.England occupies the southern n of the U.K.3.The most important part of the U.K。
in XXX.4.XXX and the XXX-estuary.5.XXX 16th century.6.By the Act of n of 1707.XXX as the Kingdom of Britain.7.graphically。
XXX 14 provinces.8.Mt。
Ben XXX.9.XXX.10.t hills lie along the border een XXX。
In terms of the total area。
the U.K。
covers 244,110 square XXX of the U.K。
and is the most important part of the U.K。
in XXX and the Dee-estuary。
and was XXX in the 16th century。
The Act of n of 1707 XXX to form the Kingdom of XXX。
Britaincan be divided into 14 provinces。
and Mt。
Ben XXX。
and the XXX along the border een XXX.A。
XXXThe Great Cordillera Range XXX in the Western part of America.22.The Mississippi River flows into the _____.A。
Atlantic OceanB。
Pacific OceanC。
英美概况选择题（含答案）
英美概况选择题（含答案）1. What does the term United Kingdom include?A. England, Scotland, Wales and Northern IrelandB. England, Scotland and WalesC. England, Scotland and Northern IrelandD. Scotland, Wales and England2. What does the term Great Britain include?A. England, Scotland, Wales and Northern IrelandB. England, Scotland and WalesC. England, Scotland and Northern IrelandD. Scotland, Wales and England3. The name England comes fromA. the Roman settlers who lived thereB. a tribe that invaded England after the Romans had leftC. the Celts who lived there before the Romans arrivedD. the French word for ‘enemy’4. The Angles were people who came fromA. RomB. FranceC. GermanyD. Scandinavia5. The Vikings then came fromA. RomB. FranceC. ScandinaviaD. Germany 6. The Normans came to England fromA. FranceB. GermanyC. ItalyD. Scandinavia7. The Norman Conquest began inA. 461B. 1066C. 1055D. 14678. The Norman Conquest has changed the … forever.A. English literatureB. English landscapeC. English foodD. English language9. The English language has been influenced byA. Latin, Greek, Spanish and FrenchB. German, Latin, Greek, Danish and FrenchC. German, Latin, Danish and FrenchD. Spanish, Latin, Greek, Danish and French10. Henry VIII is famous because heA. established the Church of EnglandB. built the Tower of LondonC. was the first Monarch of the UKD. had a famous daughter11. Stonehenge is the most famous … in BritainA. remains of a Roman observatoryB. ruin of a Celtic place of worshipC. prehistoric monumentD. ancient burial ground12. William Shakespeare wrote many of his plays under …A. Henry II.B. Henry VIII.C. Elizabeth I.D. Elizabeth II.13. Under the reign of Queen VictoryA. Britain became the most powerful and richest country in the worldB. The Church of Britain was establishedC. Theatres were closesD. Poverty spread over the country and people died of famine14. The traditional English breakfast consists ofA. toast, hard boiled eggs and some hamB. sandwiches and some sweet cakeC. roast meet and potatoesD. eggs, bacon, sausages, fried bread, baked beans and mushrooms15. What’s a 'packed lunch'?A. It’s a lunch in crowded fish and chips plac eB. It consists of a sandwich, a packet of crisps, a piece of fruit and a drinkC. It’s a meal you can heat up easily in the microwave ovenD. It consists of a sandwich, some cheese, a piece of fruit anda beer16. Afternoon Tea is the name for aA. typical British drinkB. tea the British drink in the afternoonC. small mealD. a certain type of cake served in the afternoon17. The river running through London is calledA. LondinumB. ThamesC. TowerD. Westminster18. How many different languages are spoken in London every day ?A. 500B. 800C. 300D. 15019. People from minority ethnic groups were more likely to live inA. the rest of the United Kingdom than in EnglandB. Scotland than in the rest of the United KingdomC. England than in the rest of the United KingdomD. Wales than in the rest of the United Kingdom20. Great Britain is … populated compared with many other countriesA. normallyB. heavilyC. overD. hardly21. Full-time education is compulsory for all children aged between … across EnglandA. 5 and 16B. 5and 18C. 6 and 16D. 6 and 1822. All government-run schoolsA. can decide on what to choose from National CurriculumB. have total liberty regarding their CurriculumC. can choose according to their county what to include in their CurriculumD. follow the same National Curriculum23. … of all pupils in the UK attend independent fee paying schools or homeschoolingA. 4%B. 6 %C. 12%D. 16%24. The UK is the … largest economy in the worldA. secondB. thirdC. fourthD. fifth25. Am ong Britain’s main industries today areA. food processing and delicaciesB. banking and financeC. clothing and perfumeD. aircraft and electronics26. The UK’s most important export partner isA. The USAB. ChinaC. GermanyD. France 27. The UK’s most important import partner isA. The USAB. ChinaC. GermanyD. France28. The British currency is theA. EuroB. Pound EuroC. Pound sterlingD. UK Dollar29. The average family size in Britain is … in other European countries.A. bigger thanB. remarkable bigger thanC. about the same asD. smaller than30. The most popular type of home in England is:A. Detached (a house not joined to another house)B. Semi-detached (two houses joined together)C. Terrace (several houses joined together)D. Flats (apartments)31. Only about … of co habiting couples will eventually get married.A. 60%B. 40%C. 55%D. 50%32. A broadsheet newspaper is a …A. sensational newspaperB. high quality newspaperC. down-market or low quality newspapersD. newspaper addressing a broad readership33. A t abloid newspaper is a …A. high-quality newspaperB. down-market or low quality newspaperC. serious and politicalD. newspaper addressing only a specific readership34. What is Britain’s national sport?A. soccerB. tennisC. cricketD. horse-back riding35. … is the official Head of StateA. The ParliamentB. The House of LordsC. The Prime MinisterD. The Queen36. Britain has … monarchyA. an old-fashionedB. a constitutionalC. a gloriousD. a democratic37. The Queen rulesA. symbolicallyB. constitutionallyC. ordinarilyD. customarily 38. The House of Lords is made up of people whoA. were extremely successful in school and went to prestigious universitiesB. have inherited titles or were appointed because of their good workC. have been elected by other Lords to represent themD. got a promotion from the House of Commons39. The main job of the House of Lords isA. to discuss urgent financial matters and make the according lawsB. to advice the Queen on important decisionsC. to control the House of CommonsD. to 'double check' new laws to make sure they are fair and will work.40. The members of the House of Commons are calledA. Members of Parliament (MP)B. Common People (CP)C. Common Housers (CH)D. Members of Commons (MC)41. The House of Commons is the most important place forA. discussing policies and making lawsB. drafting laws for taxationC. discussing foreign policy and currency matterD. drafting laws for rural areas42. Who can become a Member of Parliament?A. People who studied political sciences at prestigious universitiesB. People who have been nominated by the QueenC. People who passed a pre-election campaignD. Any one over 21 who has been nominated as candidates to become an MP43. How does an MP get a seat in Parliament?A. When s/he gets the most votes for his constituency (local area)B. When s/he gets appointed by the Prime MinisterC. When s/he gets the approval of his/her partyD. When s/he gets appointed by other MPs44. A Parliament has a ma ximu m duration of … yearsA. threeB. fourC. fiveD. six45. How is the Prime Minister chosen?A. S/he is voted for directly by the peopleB. S/he is voted for within their partyC. S/he is voted for by the House of Lords and the House of Commons togetherD. S/he is appointed by the King/Queen46. Who is the present British Prime Minister?A. Tony BlairB. Margaret ThatcherC. Gordon BrownD. David Cameron 47. The Secretaries of State areA. people doing paperwork for the governmentB. the most important ministers who form the cabinetC. the secretaries of important ministersD. the people working for the Queen48. There are three major political partiesA. Labour , Conservative and Liberal DemocratsB. Labour, Democrats and RepublicansC. Labour, Conservative and RepublicansD. Labour, Liberal Democrats and Conservative Republicans49. The Metropolitan Police headquarters isA. New Scotland WardB. New Scotland YardC. New Scotland WatchD. New Scotland Guard50. A nickname for British police officers isA. PollyB. BibbyC. BoffyD. Bobby51. The Queen lives inA. Westminster PalaceB. the Tower of LondonC. Buckingham PalaceD. House Windsor52. What are British people most likely to do in their spare time?A. socializeB. watch TVC. playing sportsD. gardening53. The fifty stars on the flag representA. the fifty most important American citiesB. fifty natural wondersC. the fifty American statesD. fifty American senators54. The thirteen stripes on the flag representA. the original thirteen coloniesB. the original thirteen ships of the pilgrim fathersC. the thirteen most influential presidentsD. the first thirteen amendments55. The name of America’s national anthem isA. The Stars and StripesB. The Star-Spangled BannerC. The Star-Sprinkled BannerD. Old Glory56. What’s the capital of the USA?A. New YorkB. San FranciscoC. Washington, DCD. New Orleans 57. Which of the following is not a major topographical regions Continental United States:A. EasternB. CentralC. OceanicD. Mountain58. Which of the following states are not connected to the other 48 states?A. New York and PennsylvaniaB. Georgia and FloridaC. Hawaii and AlaskaD. California and Washington59. The massive Rocky Mountains take up much of the … of the USAA. western halfB. western thirdC. northern halfD. northern third60. The term “Megalopolis” refers toA. the large mountains in the Rocky MountainsB. the 500-mile stretch of urban areas from Washington, DC to BostonC. New York because of its enormous sizeD. different large cities in the US61. Gospel music has its roots in the …A. MidwestB. Pacific coastC. SouthD. Mountain regions62. The term “redneck” refers toA. urban southernersB. rural southernersC. rural black peopleD. rural white people63. People called “hillbillies” areA. uneducated, rather primitive white peopleB. uneducated, rather primitive black peopleC. educated, snobbish black peopleD. educated, snobbish white people64. Texas is known as theA. “Lonely State”B. “Lonely Star State”C. “Lone State”D. “Lone Star State”65. The largest American state in area isA. AlaskaB. CaliforniaC. TexasD. Hawaii66. The largest American state in population isA. AlaskaB. CaliforniaC. TexasD. Hawaii67. The Pilgrim Fathers arrived in the” New World” inA. 1420B. 1520C. 1620D. 1720 68. The famous ship that transported the Pilgrims from England to the “New World” was calledA. the April FlowerB. the MayflowerC. the SunflowerD. the Golden Flower69. What happened on July 4, 1776?A. The “New World” wa s discoveredB. The first Thanksgiving celebration was heldC. The declaration of independence was signedD. British troops landed in Boston70. Most of the writing of the declaration of independence was done byA. Abraham LincolnB. Thomas JeffersonC. Benjamin FranklinD. Roger Sherman71. Which of the below is not true about the “Bill of Rights”?A. It is set of 10 changes later added to the constitutionB. It limits the government's powerC. It guarantees certain rights to the citizensD. It has never been written down in it’s original form72. The "Union" was a name forA. The American Soldiers who fought in the Civil warB. British soldiers who fought in the Civil warC. The primarily northern states who fought in the Civil warD. The seceding southern states who fought the northern states73. The "Confederacy" was a name forA. The American Soldiers who fought in the Civil warB. British soldiers who fought in the Civil warC. The primarily northern states who fought in the Civil warD. The seceding southern states who fought the northern states74. The civil war was won by theA. The UnionB. British troopsC. The French troopsD. The Confederacy75. As a result of this victoryA. Women were allowed to voteB. The slaves were all freedC. The Americans no longer paid taxes to the British crownD. Black people were granted equal rights 76. The bulk of the early settlers to the United States came fromA. England, Northern, Ireland, and eastern European countriesB. England, Northern Ireland, and Scandinavian countriesC. England, Northern Ireland, and IndiaD. England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales77. In the last decades of the nineteenth century and the first decades of the twentieth, great numbers of immigrants fromA. ChinaB. IndiaC. northern EuropeD. eastern and southern Europe78. The term “minority group” does not refer toA. native Americans peopleB. non-white peopleC. rich peopleD. Hispanic people79. The “American Dream” is the idea that a personA. can become rich without working hardB. can go from rags to richesC. can do whatever they want without facing serious punishmentD. can carry a gun at any time80. Which of the below statements is not true?The First Amendment guaranteesA. freedom of religionB. freedom of speechC. freedom of the pressD. freedom to carry a gun81. Which of the below statements is true? The Second Amendment guaranteesA. the right of free speechB. the right to practice religion freelyC. the right to keep and bear armsD. the right of free press82. The statue of liberty symbolizesA. The American DreamB. The American way of lifeC. American superiorityD. America’s influence on world history83. Most American movies involveA. crime and drugsB. extreme violenceC. low moral standardsD. a moral insight84. When Americans go to see a movie, they expectA. nothing but entertainmentB. to get a new insightC. to learn important factsD. to learn new facts 85. The American law is based onA. the constitutionB. the book of rightsC. the book of lawsD. the book of amendments86. The federal government has …distinct branchesA. twoB. threeC. forty-eightD. fifty87. The cabinetA. are all other officers of the executive branchB. are not chosen by the presidentC. prints and coins moneyD. can declare war88. The Congress is made ofA. the House of Lords and the House of CommonsB. the Senate and the House of RepresentativesC. the House of Cabinet and the House of RepresentativesD. the President and the Cabinet89. The head of the Executive branch isA. the Queen of BritainB. the Prime MinisterC. the Vice PresidentD. the President90. The function of the Supreme Court isA. create lower federal lawsB. to veto lawsC. to propose lawsD. to interpret the constitution91. The United States has had … major political parties since the 1860'sA. twoB. threeC. fourD. five92. The 50 States haveA. exclusive power over many areas of lawB. no power in deciding their own lawsC. the right to reject the government’s lawsD. no interest in creating their own laws93. Bi-lingual education in English and common immigrant languagesA. is desperately needed in the USB. is available in many communitiesC. is available on requestD. is available in some special private schools94. Australia became a commonwealth of the British Empire inA. 1601B. 1701C. 1801D. 1901 95. The population in Australia con sist of … % of Asians.A. 5B. 7C. 10D. 1596. The sovereign of Australia (chief of state) is the …A. British MonarchB. The GovernorC. The Prime MinisterD. The Australian President97. As a country, Canada came into being inA. 1667B. 1767C. 1867D. 196798. The capital of Canada is … .A. OttawaB. TorontoC. VancouverD. Montreal99. Canada has about … million people.A. 20B. 22C. 30D. 32。
英美概况名词解释和大题（精选5篇）
英美概况名词解释和大题（精选5篇）第一篇：英美概况名词解释和大题III.Explain the following terms.4.The Bill of Rights 《权利法案》In 1789, James Madison introduced in the House of Representatives a series of amendments which later were drafted into twelve proposed amendments and sent to the states for ratification.Ten of them were ratified in 1791 and the first ten amendments to the constitution were called the Bills of Rights because they were to insure individual liberties.5.The Emancipation Proclamation 《奴隶解放宣言》After the Civil war began, Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation to win more support at home and abroad.It granted freedom to all slaves in areas still controlled by the Confederacy.6.The Constitutional Convention 《制宪会议》In 1787, a conference was held in Philadelphia to consider what should be done to make the Articles of Confederation adequate.All the delegates agreed to revise the Articles of Confederation and draw up a new plan of government.After struggle, the Constitution was ratified at last.This conference is called the Constitutional Convention.7.The Truman Doctrine 《杜鲁门主义》On March 12, 1949, President Truman put forward the Truman Doctrine in a speech to the joint session of Congress.The Truman Doctrine meant to say that the ernment would support any country which said it was fighting against Communism.8.The Marshall Plan 《马歇尔计划》On June 5, 1947, the Secretary of State George Marshall announced the Marshall Plan, which meant that in order to protect Western Europe from possible Soviet expansion, theUnited States decided to offer Western European countries economic aid.9.Checks and balances:The government is divided into three branches, the legislative, the executive and the judicial, each has part of the powers but not all the power.And each branch of government can check, or block, the actions of the other branches.The three branches are thus in balance.This called “checks and balances”.10.The New Deal 《新政》In order to deal with the Depression, President Franklin Roosevelt put forward the New Deal program.It passed a lot of New Deal laws and set up many efficient social security systems.The New Deal helped to save American democracy and the development of American economy.The Declaration of Independence: The Declaration of Independence was mainly drafted by Thomas Jefferson and adopted by the Congress on July 4, 1776, when the people of 13 English colonies in North America were fighting for their freedom and independence from the British colonial rule.The document declared that all men were equal and that they were entitled to have some unalienable rights such as life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.It also explained the philosophy of government: the powers of governments came from the consent of the governed and the purpose of governments were to secure the rights mentioned above.The theory of politics and the guiding principles of the American Revolution mainly came from John Locke.The Articles of Confederation 《联邦条例》: After the War of Independence was won, the new nation of the United States was organized under the agreement of the Articles of Confederation with a weak national government called the Congress.Each state had its own government, made its own laws and handled its internalaffairs.The states did not cooperate with the Congress and with each other.The Congress had no power to force any state to contribute money to the national government and the Congress could not tax any citizen either.As a result, the Articles of Confederation failed.The Civil Rights Movement: It is one of the most important of all social movements in the 1960s in America.Rosa Parks’ spontaneous action in 1955 was believe d to be the true beginning of the civil right, s movement.The black students’ sit-in at a department lunch counter in North Carolina touched off the nationwide civil right movement.During the first half of the decade, civil rights organizations like SNCC, CORE, and SCLC struggled for racial integration by providing leadership, tactics, network and the people.In the later half of the decade, some black organizations changed their nonviolent tactics, and emphasized on more radical means to end discrimination and raised the self-image of the blacks.The civil rights movement produced such great leaders as Martin Luther King.Jr.,and Malcolm X, who inspired a generation of both blacks and whites to devote their lives to fighting for racial equality in the US.Jazz: Jazz is a music genre that began at the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States.It came from a mix of African and European music traditions.T echnically, it is a kind of music characterized by blue notes, syncopation, swing, call and response, and improvisation.Though originally a kind of dance music, jazz has now become a sophisticated art form.Jazz's development occurred at around the same time as modern ragtime, blues, gospel and country music, all of which can be seen as part of continuum with no clear demarcation between them.Some of the jazz musicians include Charlie Parker, Duke Ellington, and Louis Armstrong.The cold war: By the end ofWWII, the United States, which had not suffered as much as other allied countries, became the strongest country in the world.As the processor of atomic tombs and much of the world's gold reserve and industrial production in its hand, the policy-maker of the US wanted a world order dominated by the US, a world market free and open to American goods and services.In pursuing this goal, the US encountered determined resistance from the Soviet Union, Gradually the two wartime allies fell apart and the Cold War began.The melting pot: “The melting pot” is a metaphor that is associated with life in America.It first surfaced in the late 18th century, but gained new currency in the 20th century when in 1905 a popular play by that name was first produced by a Jewish playwright named Israel Zangwill.The melting pot metaphor implied that, in the New World, all differences would be melted away to form a radically new mixture.But it was wrongly embraced by the WASPs which remained dominant until around the middle of the 20th century.After World War Ⅱ,the Anglophile WASPs gradually lost their privileged position.With all these changes, the melting pot metaphor was doomed to lose its credibility because its anglophilic values no longer held for the majority of the American people.1.Why did the early settlers come to America? Who were the Pilgrims? Who were the Puritans? What were the features in the colonial period which had influence on later American development?——The early settlers came to America either for the opportunity to realize their dreams and better their lives or for the freedom from religious and governmental persecution.The Pilgrims were persons who suffered religious persecution in England and went to Holland and later moved to America in1620.The Puritans were the members of a Protestant group in England who wanted to purify the Church of England.Dissatisfied and threatened in England, they saw America as a refuge and migrated to America since 1630.There were a number of features in the colonial period which had influence on later American development.They were: representative form of government, rule of law, respect of individual rights, religious tolerance and a strong spirit of individual enterprise.2.What were the causes of the War of Independence?——The economy In the thirteen colonies developed very fast and people wanted more power to detemine their own business.But the policy of the British government was to bring the development under control and to collect more taxes from the colonies.On April 19, 1775, on their way to Concord to seize the military supplies of the militia there, the British soldiers met armed militiamen.The shots were fired, the War of Independence began.3.What was unusual about the Article of Confederation? What was the struggle at the Constitutional Convention? How was the conflict solved?——The Article of Confederation was unusual in many ways.First, it provided for no king.The drafters blamed the troubles with Britain on king George III.So they decided not to have a king but to have a republic.This was revolutionary.Second, while the Articles created a central government in the form of a Congress, the emphasis was still on state powers.Third, the Articles of Confederation was a written constitution for the United States.No important country in the world at that time, including Britain, had a written constitution.At the Constitution Convertion the delegates all agreed it was impossible to try to patch up the Articles of Confederation, and decided to ignorethem and draw up a new plan of government.Here contradictions emerged between the bigger states and smaller states, between the industrial commercial interests and landed interests, etc.In the end, the conflict was resolved by the “Great Compromise” of July 16, giving each state and equal vote in the Senate but making representation in the House reflect the size of each state’s population.4.Why did the Civil War break out? How did the war end?——In the early 1800s, the Northern states turned from farming to manufacturing.Black slavery soon disappeared in the North.But things were different in the South.The South expanded both its agriculture and its slavery.The problem of slavery became a serous political issue.The abolitionists tried to abolish slavery while the South tried to keep it.When Abraham Lincoln was elected President, the Southern states broke away and formed a new nation.Then Lincoln was determined to maintain the Union and the war broke out on April 12, 1861, Lincoln realized that he could win support for the Union at home and abroad by making the war a just war against slavery.So he issued Emancipation Proclamation.Thus England and France stood by the Union’s side.Many black slaves joined the Union Army.After a series of battles, Robert Lee could no longer hold Richmond.He surrendered on April 9, 1865.The Civil War ended.6.What was the impact of the Vietnam War-on American society?——The Vietnam War had a great impact on American society.(1)The United States was weakened as a result of the long war.(2)American society had never been so divided since the Civil War.(3)There was serious disagreement with in the ruling circle.(4)The image of the United States, especially the image of the American armed forces, was discredited.7.What are thefunctions of the Congress?—— The Congress has many functions, but the most central is the passage of law.One of the most important non-legislative functions of the Congress is the power to investigate.A second important power is to compel testimony from unwilling witness and to cite for contempt of Congress witness who refuse to testify and for perjury those who give false testimony.8.What are some of the characteristics of American education?(1)Formal education in the United States consists of elementary, secondary and higher education.(2)Public educations is free and compulsory.(3)Diversity is considered to be an outstanding characteristic of American education.(4)Education is a function of the states, not the federal government..Write about 150 on the following topic.1.How did the Civil Wars break out? What were the consequences of the Civil Wars?—— Charles I also belie ved “the Divine Right of kings”.His prerogative rights should not be challenged by anyone.It encouraged confrontation with Parliament, whose members had become increasingly Puritan in sympathy.He managed to rule England for 11 years without Parliament.But in 1640, Charles needed money and feared the invasion of the Scots and had to call the Long Parliament.Then a whole series of measures were introduced by the Parliament limiting the authority of the Crown while increasing its own.Thus, by 1642, the king and the commons were at each other’s throats, war was inevitable.In 1642, the first Civil War broke out.By autumn 1646, Parliament held most of England and next year Charles was captured but escaped.He made a deal with the Scots who invaded England but were defeated by Cromwell.Thus was the beginning of theSecond Civil War.In November 1648, the king was captured again and condemned to death.The English Civil Wars have been seen a conflict between Parliament and the king, but also as a conflict between the economic interests of the urban middle classes and the traditional economic interests of the Crown.The English Civil Wars not only overthrew feudal system in England but also shook the foundation of the feudal rule in Europe.It is generally regarded as the beginning of modern world history.2.T ell briefly the history of the two-party system in the United States.What are the characteristics of the two major parties in the United States today?—— Political parties are the basis of the American political system.In general, America has a two-party system.This means that two major political parties-now the Democrats and the Republicans-dominate politics at the federal, state and local levels.There have been four periods in the history of political parties in America.The first periods of the party system began with the first two major parties or camps —— the Federalists and the Anti-Federalists led by Alexander Hamilton.Most of the Anti-Federalists later accepted the Constitution with the Bill of Rights, and began to call themselves Democratic-Republican.After the 1828 election of Andrew Jackson, the Democratic-Republican Party split.The main faction, led by Andrew Jackson, called themselves the Democratic Party, while the faction opposed to Jackson formed the Whig Party in 1834.As the struggle over slavery intensified, the majority of the Whig Party, part of the democrats, and other anti-slavery elements founded in 1854 the Republican Party.The third phase of the two-party system ran from the 1860s to the 1920s with the Republican Party dominating the political scene for most of the time.The fourthperiod began with Franklin D.Roosevelt’s coming into power and lasted till the 1980s.In this period, for about 50 years, with short interruptions, the Democratic Party was dominant.The Two major parties are really not very different today.But this does not mean there is not difference between them.On economic issues, the Democrats traditionally favour government intervention while the Republicans stress the role of the market more.On social issues the Democrats support a strong social security system while the Republicans oppose large government social security programs.In spite of these differences, the two parties both believe in individualism, defend capitalism and uphold private ownership of means of production.In terms of organization the two parties are actually loose political coalitions.3.What were the causes and consequences of the War of 1812?The causes leading to the war were the following:(1)A war between Britain and France was going on in Europe.First the American government adopted a policy of not allowing trading with both ter the ernment changed its policy by stating that if any of the two countries gave up its blockade against American shipping, the U.S.world lift the prohibition.In 1811, the U.S., on the condition that France would drop its blockade against American shipping, lifted the ban.This angered the British.(2)The Americans resented the British practice of impressing or forcibly removing seamen from American ships on the grounds that they were British subjects.(3)The U.S.wanted to take advantage of the War in Europe, when Britain and France had no time to look after their interests in the New World, to expand into Canada or Spanish Florida.This harmed the interests of the British.—— The war hadgreat impact on the development of the Unite States.Firstly, the war made people realize the importance of a strong national government.Secondly, the war strengthened the feeling of national unity and patriotism.Thirdly, for almost 10 years after the war, the Americans turned their attention to the devlopment of the western part of the continent.Fourthly, it made both Britain and the United States realize their disputes should be slove through negotiation.A shaky peace in 1814 turned into lasing peace between the two countries.1.What are some of the major powers of each of the three branches of the US government? How are the three branches supposed tocheck and balance each other?The legislative branch can make federal laws, levy federal taxes, declare war or put foreign treaties into effect.The centre of the executive branch is the president.The president can propose legislation to Congress, can issue regulations and directives regarding the work of the federal government’s many departments and agencies, can veto bills passed by Congress, appoint federal judges, the heads and senior officials of the executive branch agencies as well as ambassadors and other officials.He also is commander-in-chief of the armed forces.The judicial branch applies and explains the laws.Federal courts have jurisdiction over cases arising out of the Constitution, laws and treaties of the US;maritime case;issues involving foreign citizens or governments;and cases in which the federal government itself is a party.The Supreme Court determines whether congressional legislation or executive action violates the Constitution.2.What is the relationship between government and religion in America?(1)In the first place, according to the First Amendment to the Constitution, the USA would have no state-supportedreligion.What’s more, the government has no right to meddle in religious affairs or require any religious beliefs of its citizens.And government does not pay ministers’ salarie s or require any belief as a condition of holding public office.(2)On the other hand, in some ways, the government supports all religions.Religious groups do not pay taxes in the United States.The armed forces pay chaplains of all faiths.Presidents and other political leaders often call on god to bless the American nation and people.Those whose religion forbids them to fight can perform other services instead of becoming soldiers.(3)When disputes about the relationship between government and religion arise, American courts must settle them.(4)In the early years, some people believe that Protestant religion and republican forms of government were connected, because God supports their experiment in republican government.All in all, for some purposes government ignores religion and for other purposes it treats al religion alike, as long as it is practical.第二篇：英美国家概况名词解释等1.The civil rights movementIt is one of the most important of all social movements in the 1960s in America.Rosa Parks’ spontaneous action in 1955 was believed to the true beginning of the civil rights movement.The black students’ sit-in at a department lunch counter in North Carolina touched off the nationwide civil rights movement.During the first half of the decade, civil rights organizations like the SNCC,CORE,and SCLC struggled for racial intergration by providing leaderships,network and the people.In the latter half of the decade, some black organizations changed their nonviolent tactics, and emphasized on more radical means to end discrimination and raised the self-image of the blacks.Thecivil rights movement produced such great leaders as Martin Luther King.Jr, and Malcolm X, who inspired a generation of both blacks and whites to devote their lives to fighting for racial equality in th US.2.A federal system【联邦制】It is one in which power is shared between a central authority and its constiuent parts, with some rights reserved to each.3.King ArthurIt is said that he was the King of England in the 5th century and united the British and drove the Saxons back with his magica sword,Excalibur.His real existence is in doubt.He is the central figure of many legends.4.The Anglo-SaxonsThey were two groups of Germanic peoples who settled down in England from the 5th century.They were regarded as the ancestors of the English and the founders of England.5.Riverdance[大河舞] It is a very popular form of dancing based on Ireland’s intricate[错综复杂的]folk dances which are rearranged and modernized and adapted onto current stage performance.Dancing is traditionally part of Irish culture.It is usually accompanied by the Irish pipe and fiddle.The music usually sounds fast and furious.Most of the actionis from the waist down, with the arms held rigidly at the sides.6.The House of CommonsIt is the real center of British political life because it is the place where about 650 elected representatives(members of parliament)make and debate policy.These MPs are elected in the General Elections and should represent the interests of the people who vote for them.7.The Commonwealth【英联邦】In the author’s opinion, the Commowealth is a voluntary association of states which is made up mostly of former British colonies.There are 50 members of the Commonwealth: many ofthese are developing countries like India and Cyprus;others are developed nations like Australia,Canada and New Zealand.The Commonwealth was set up as a form for continued cooperation and as a sort of support network.8.MaoritangaIt is the Maori word for “Maori culture.” It refers to all the elements of the rich cultural heritage of the indigenous people in New Zealand, including their language, customs and traditions,9.The “Washminster” form polityIt is adopted by the Australian government.It is a mixture of the US Washington system of government and the British Westminster system.This means that the political structure of the government is base on a Federation of States with a three-tier system of government.However, the chief executive is a Prime Minister, instead of a President as in the US system.10.Yellowstone National ParkIt is the oldest and one of the largest national parks in the US.It is named after the Yellowstone River that flows through the area.It is known for its geysers and hot springs among other natural wonders.counterculture[反主流文化]In the wake of the Free Speech Movement and the New Left, there appeared a phenomenon that historians called the “counterculture”.The counterculture rejected capitalism and other Americans principles.They had morals different from those taught by their parents.Some group of youth tried to construct different ways of life,.Among the most famous were the hippies.They thought new experience through dropping out, and drug taking.But it was music,rock music particular, that became the chief vehicle for the counter cultural assault on the traditional American society.The counterculture exerted a great influence upon people’s attitudes toward social morals, marriage, careerand success.Martin Luther King, Jr.A black Baptist minister, he was leader of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference during the civil rights movements of the 1960s.To promote his philosophy of nonviolent protest against segregation and other kinds of social injustice, King organized a series of “marches”, including the march on Washington of August 1963, when King delivered his famous “ I Have a Dream” speech.As a civil rights leader, King worked not only to end racial discrimination and poverty, but also to raise the self image of the blacks.Due to his strong belief in non-violent peaceful protest, King was awarded the Nobel Peace Price in 1964.He was assassinated in the city of Memphis in April 1968.13．Richard NixonRichard Nixon was the former President of the United States.He won the elction in 1968 and was re-elected in 1972.While he was in office, he contributed to the establishment of diplomatic relations between the US and China and visited China in 1972.Shortly after he was re-elected ,he was involved in theWatergate scandal,for which he was forced to resign from the presidency.1.Explain your understanding of how the United States is governed according to its constitution, including its polity and the check and balance mechanism of governing.if Congress proposes a law that the president think is unwise, the president can veto it.That means the proposal does not became law.Congress can enact the law despite the president’s views only if two-thirds of the members of both houses vote in favor of it.If Congress passes a low which is the challenged in the courts as unconstitutional, the Supreme Court has the power to declare the law unconstitutional and therefore no longer in effect.The president has the power to make treaties with other nations andto make all appointments to federal positions,including the position, of Supreme Court justice.The Senate,however,must approve all treaties and confirm all appointments before they become official.In this way the Congress can prevent the president from making unwise appointments.2.How do you understand the saying: ”British history has been a history of invasion.” ?Before the 1st century AD Britain was made up of many tribal kingdoms of Celtic people:a powerful cultural originating in central Europe.Then in 43AD Britain was invaded by Roman Empire, and England and Wales became part of the Roman Empire for nearly400 years.As the Roman Empire came under threat from the east, the Roman armies and Roman protection were withdrawn from Britain, and Britain was again divided into small kindoms, andagain it came under threat from outside, this time from Germanic peoples:the Angles,and the Saxon.In the 5th century AD it is said that a great leader-King Arthur appeared, united the British, and with his magical sword, Excalibur,drove the Saxons back.whatever Arthur’s success,legend or not,it did not last,for the Anglo-Saxons did succeed in invading Britain,and either absorbed the Celticpeople,or pushed them to the western and northern edges of Britain.From the late 8th century on, raiders from Scandinavia, the ferocious Vikings, threatened Britain’s shores.Their settlements in England grew until large areas of northern and eastern England were under their control.1066, the Normans, from northern France, whowere descendants of Vikings.Under William of Normandy they cross the English Channel and in the Battle of Hastings, defeated an English army under King Harold.This marks the last time.that an army fromoutside the British Isles succeeded in invading3.Your understanding of the characteristics of American religion and its social functionsFirst of all, American with different religions live together under the same law.The Bill of Rights in the US Constitution insists that there should be no state religion.That means that the government has no right to interfere in people’s religious affairs.The freedom of religion and the separation of state and church guaranted in the Constitution is believed to be the basic principles against religious persecution.Secondly,the religious beliefs of Americans continue to be strong with social progress.Every Sunday morning, all over America people pour into the churches.Half of American Protestants are active church members, and there are few who habitually stay away.Not only the Catholic churches,but the Protestant ones too,are flourishing,and new ever-growing suburbs.Through all the social and economic changes religion has remained a constant factor.Thirdly,in the united states every church is a completeluy independent organization,and concerned with its own finance and its own building.if one goes to a Protestant church,he or she will hear morality preached,but not a word of doctrine.Churches and religious sects are expressions of group solidarity rather than of rigid adherence to doctrine.第三篇：英美概况论文文化是一个复合体，其中包括知识、信仰、艺术、法律、道德、风俗以及人作为社会成员而获得的任何其他能力和习惯。
英美概况考试题目及答案
英美概况考试题目及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 英国的首都是哪里？A. 巴黎B. 伦敦C. 纽约D. 华盛顿特区答案：B2. 美国的独立日是哪一天？A. 7月4日B. 4月17日C. 12月25日D. 11月11日答案：A3. 英国的官方语言是什么？A. 法语B. 德语C. 英语D. 西班牙语答案：C4. 美国最大的城市是哪个？A. 洛杉矶B. 纽约C. 芝加哥D. 休斯顿答案：B5. 英国的货币单位是什么？A. 欧元B. 美元C. 英镑D. 日元答案：C6. 美国的国土面积在世界上排名第几？A. 第一B. 第二C. 第三D. 第四答案：B7. 英国的哪个城市是著名的文化和艺术中心？A. 爱丁堡B. 曼彻斯特C. 利物浦D. 格拉斯哥答案：A8. 美国的哪个州被誉为“黄金之州”？A. 德克萨斯州B. 加利福尼亚州C. 佛罗里达州D. 纽约州答案：B9. 英国的哪位君主在位时间最长？A. 伊丽莎白一世B. 维多利亚女王C. 乔治三世D. 伊丽莎白二世答案：D10. 美国的哪个国家公园以其壮观的峡谷景观而闻名？A. 黄石国家公园B. 大峡谷国家公园C. 优胜美地国家公园D. 阿卡迪亚国家公园答案：B二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）11. 英国是由______、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰组成的联合王国。
答案：英格兰12. 美国的首都华盛顿特区是为了纪念美国的第一位总统______而命名的。
答案：乔治·华盛顿13. 英国的国花是______。
答案：玫瑰14. 美国的宪法规定了______个分支的政府。
答案：三15. 英国的______是英国君主的正式住所，也是英国王室的行政总部。
答案：白金汉宫16. 美国的______是该国最大的河流系统，流经美国的中部大平原。
答案：密西西比河17. 英国的______是该国最大的政党之一，传统上与劳动阶级联系在一起。
答案：工党18. 美国的______是该国最高法院的所在地，也是司法部门的象征。
英美概况考研题库及答案
英美概况考研题库及答案英美概况考研题库及答案近年来，英美概况考研题目成为了考生备战考研的重要内容之一。
这些题目涵盖了英美两国的历史、政治、经济、文化等方面的知识，对于考生来说是一项相对较为复杂的考点。
为了帮助考生更好地应对这一考点，我们整理了一些常见的英美概况考研题目及答案，供考生参考。
一、历史篇1. 英国的工业革命是在哪个时期发生的？答案：英国的工业革命发生在18世纪下半叶，具体时间为1760年至1840年左右。
2. 美国独立战争是在哪个世纪进行的？答案：美国独立战争发生在18世纪，具体时间为1775年至1783年。
3. 英国的大革命是在哪个时期爆发的？答案：英国的大革命发生在17世纪，具体时间为1642年至1651年。
二、政治篇1. 英国的政治体制是什么？答案：英国的政治体制是君主立宪制，国家元首为君主，首相为政府首脑。
2. 美国的政治体制是什么？答案：美国的政治体制是总统制，国家元首为总统，总统由选举产生。
3. 英国的议会制度是什么样的？答案：英国的议会制度由上下两院组成，上院为贵族院，下院为普选产生的下议院。
三、经济篇1. 英国的经济体制是什么？答案：英国的经济体制是资本主义经济体制，市场经济占主导地位。
2. 美国的经济体制是什么？答案：美国的经济体制也是资本主义经济体制，市场经济占主导地位。
3. 英国的主要经济产业有哪些？答案：英国的主要经济产业包括金融、制造业、服务业等。
四、文化篇1. 英国的莎士比亚是哪个时期的作家？答案：莎士比亚是文艺复兴时期的作家，活动于16世纪末至17世纪初。
2. 美国的哈佛大学是哪个世纪建立的？答案：哈佛大学建立于17世纪，具体时间为1636年。
3. 英国的摇滚乐队披头士是哪个时期的代表？答案：披头士乐队是20世纪60年代的代表，对摇滚乐产生了重要影响。
总结起来，英美概况考研题库涵盖了历史、政治、经济、文化等多个方面的知识点。
通过对这些题目的学习和了解，考生可以更好地掌握英美概况的重要内容。
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Exercises of Chapter OneI. For each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C, D, choose the best oneto complete the statement.1. The national flag of the United Kingdom, known as the Union Jack, is made up of _____ crosses.A. oneB. twoC. threeD. four2. Which flower is the symbol of England/Scotland/Wales/Northern Ireland?A. ThistleB. ShamrockC. DaffodilD. Rose3. The highest mountain peak in Britain is in ________.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northern Ireland4. The largest lake in Britain is ______.A. Loch LomondB. the Lough NeaghC. WindermereD. Ullswater5. The largest lake in Britain is located in ________.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northern Ireland6. The Lake District is well-known for________.A. its wild and beautiful sceneryB. its varied lakesC. the lake PoetsD. all of the above three7. The British Isles are made up of______.A. two large islands and hundreds of small onesB. two large islands and Northern IrelandC. three large islands and hundreds of small onesD. three large islands and Northern Ireland8. Which is the largest city in Scotland?A. CardiffB. EdinburghC. GlasgowD. Manchester9. There are ______ political divisions on the island of Great Britain.A. oneB. twoC. threeD. four10. Among the four political divisions of Britain, __________ is the most densely populated.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northern Ireland11. The capital of Scotland is __________.A. BelfastB. CardiffC. EdinburghD. Dublin12. Britain’s climate is influenced by ______that sweeps up from the equator and flowspast the British Isles.A. the Atlantic Gulf StreamB. the Brazil CurrentC. the Labrador CurrentD. the Falkland currentII. Read the following statements carefully and decide if each of them is True or False.1. To the west of Great Britain is the second largest island known as Scotland.2. There are three political divisions on the island of Great Britain. They are England，Scotland and Wales.3. The Pennines are known as the “Backbone of England”.4. London, the capital of the UK, is situated on the Severn River near its mouth.5. The official name of UK is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.6. The longest river in Britain is River Thames.7. On the island of Great Britain, there are four political divisions—England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland.8. God Save the Queen is a national anthem used only in Britain.9. The highest point of the Pennines is Cross Fell which is 893 meters high.10. The largest lake in England is Lake Windermere which is located in the Lake District.III. Fill in the blanks1. The capital of the Scotland is ___________, the capital of Wales is ________ , the capital of the Republic of Ireland is __________ and the capital of Northern Ireland is _____________.2. The highest peak of Britain is __________. It is located in the Highlands of Scotland.3. _________ is the largest and most populous of the three political divisions on the island of Great Britain.4. Britain is separated from the European continent by the North Sea, __________________ and ______________________.5. _______________ is the longest river in Britain.6. The “Backbone of England” refers t o the __________________.7. ______________ is the second longest and most important river in Britain.8. _________________ is the largest lake in Britain which is located in Northern Ireland.9. The climate of Britain is moderated by the ________________________ and is much milder than that of many places in the same latitude.10. The British national anthem is ____________________.11. The British Isles are made up of two large islands- _____________ and ___________, and hundreds of small ones.12. The three political divisions on the island of Great Britain are _________, ________, and _______.IV. Directions: Give a brief answer to each of the following questions.1. What is the general climate in Britain?2. What is the most important river in Britain?3. What is the longest river in Britain?4. What does “UK ” stand for?5. What is UK made up of?Exercises of Chapter TwoI. For each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C, D. Choose the best oneto complete the statement.1. The English people are descendants of ________.A. CeltsB. RomansC. Anglo-SaxonsD. Danes2. Middle English took shape about a century after the ________ Conquest.A. RomanB. Anglo-SaxonC. Norman D Danish3. The Romans led by Julius Caesar launched their first invasion on Britain in _______.A. 200B.C. B. 55 B.C. C. 55 A.D. D. 410 A. D.4. The Hundred Y ears’ War started in _________.A. 1733B. 1453C. 1337D. 13575. The spirit of the Great Charter was the limitation of the powers of _______, keeping them within the bounds of the feudal law of the land.A. the Archbishop of CanterburyB. the baronsC. the churchD. the king6. The earliest settlers on the British Isles were the ________.A. CeltsB. GaelsC. IberiansD. Brythons7. The British recorded history begins with ________.A. the arrival and settlement of CeltsB. the Norman ConquestC. Roman invasionD. Viking and Danish invasions8. The English Civil War is also called ______.A. the Puritan RevolutionB. the second Magna CartaC. the Long ParliamentD. the Anglican War9. In 43 A.D. Romans under ________ conquered Britain.A. Julius CaesarB. ClaudiusC. AugustineD. the Pope10. The Wars of Roses were fought between the House of __________ and theHouse of __________.A. Lanchester, Y orkB. Lanchester, KentC. Lancaster, KentD. Lancaster, Y ork11. Doomsday Book was in fact a record of each man’s ________.A. experienceB. behaviorC. propertyD. reputation12. The British Industrial Revolution first began in the________ industry.A. iron and steelB. textileC. coal-miningD. ship-building13. Who invaded and conquered Britain for the first time in 55 BC____?A. Emperor ClaudiusB. Julius CaesarC. King AlfredD. King Ethelred14. Christmas Day ______, Duke William was crowned in Westminster Abbey.A. 1056B. 1066C. 1006D. 1060II. Read the following statements carefully and decide if each of them is True or False.1. It was the Angles who gave their name to England and the English people.2. The Wars of the Roses affected the ordinary people very much.3. William Walworth launched the Peasant Revolt of 1381 in England.4. In the English Civil War, the Puritans were not the King's opponents.5. The Anglo-Saxon Conquest was important in English history because it laid the foundation on which the English nation was to be formed.6. The Great Charter was signed in 1215 by King John.7. The Chartist Movement finally succeeded and it constituted a glorious page in the history of the workers’ struggle for liberation.8. Henry VII was responsible for the founding of the Church of England.9. The Hundred Y ear’s War refers to the intermittent war between France and England that lasted from 1337 to 1453.III. Fill in the blanks1. The England Civil War not only overthrew __________ in England, but also undermined the feudal rule in Europe.2. During the First Civil War, those who stood on the side of the king were called ________ and those who supported the Parliament were called ______ because of their short haircuts.3. The Romans brought the new religion, _______ , to Britain.4. The battle of _______ witnessed the death of Harold in October, 1066.5. After the Industial Revolution, Britain became the “________” of the world.IV. Explain the following terms in English.1. Black Death2. Industrial Revolution3. the Wars of Roses4. Norman Conquest of 1066:5. Roman invasion of BritainV. Write between 100 ~ 150 words on the following topics1. How did the “Glorious Revolution” break out? What was the significance of it?2. The Civil Wars and their consequences。